高考预测练 (15) 阅读理解之推理判断题（课时作业）-【名师大课堂】2027年高考英语艺术生总复习必备

班级： 姓名： 高考预测练（十五） 阅读理解之推理判断题 考点1阅读理解之推理判断一引申推断 2.What can we learn about tapel from the A first two paragraphs? Indeed,the transformation of the A.Tapel refers to a character's name. concept of the animal in modern behavioural B.Tapel is supposed to be with the dancers biology has been fundamental.This has been all along. confirmed by the death of a third belief:for C.Tapel builds a bridge between the dancer decades,it was taught that animals behave and the true character. for the good of their species.Today we know D.Tapel experiences dramatic changes this is not the case.Rather,animals do when worn by a dancer. everything to ensure that copies of their own c genes are passed to the next generation with The PAL-V Liberty is a revolutionary maximum efficiency and,when necessary, vehicle that can travel on both land and air.It they will also kill conspecifics.Clearly,they is the world's first commercial flying car,and are not,as Jane Goodall had once famously it is now available for pre-order.The PAL-V hoped,'like us,but better'. Liberty is developed by a Dutch company called 1.It can be in ferred that animals'behavioural PAL-V International B.V.,which stands for actions are mainly driven by Personal Air and Land Vehicle.The company A.their desire to protect their species. has been working on the project since 2001, B.their ability to recognize themselves in and has successfully tested the prototype mirrors. in2012. C.their urge to guarantee the gene The PAL-V Liberty is a two-seater transmission. D.their eagerness to be socially interacted. hybrid car and gyroplane,which means it has a three-wheeled chassis and a foldable rotor B Behind the Mask on top.It can switch between driving mode Wearing the face of Patih Manis,a and flying mode in about 10 minutes,with the character in Bali's dance dramas,means more help of a semi-automatic system.It has a top than simply putting on a tapel,or mask. speed of 160 km/h on the road and 180 km/h "When you dance with a tapel and perform in the air,and can fly up to 500 km on a its character,you undergo a transformation,"says single tank of fuel.It uses regular gasoline, I Made Bandem,a scholar and teacher of and can be refueled at any gas station. Balinese arts-and a dancer for seven decades. The PAL-V Liberty is expected to be “You must‘marry'that mask and make ritual delivered to customers in 2023,alter (仪式)offerings to create unity between obtaining the necessary certifications from yourself and the tapel.Many dancers will aviation authorities.The company claims that sleep with the mask beside them,so that they the vehicle meets the existing regulations of can learn its true character." both cars and aircrafts,and that it is safe and 199 高考预测练 easy to operate.However,the PAL-V Liberty phrases and statements so writers don't have is not a cheap vehicle,nor is it accessible to to think them up,dictionaries provide us with everyone.It costs599,000 euros (about 4.7 the knowledge to use language ourselves in million yuan)for the Pioneer Edition,which expressive and potentially infinite（无穷的) includes flight training courses, power ways. They place choice and authority heating and personalization options.There is literally in human hands,forcing us to also a cheaper Sport Edition,which costs discover how we want to explain ourselves 299,000 euros (about 2.3 million yuan),but and our ideas to the world. it has less features and requires the buy er to The abundance of digital writing pay an additional 10,000 euros(about 78,000 assistants gives greater urgency to debates yuan)for flight training. about what a dictionary should be.In 1946, To drive the PAL-V Liberty,one needs George Orwell described good writing as both a driving license and a pilot license.The "picking out words for the sake of their vehicle also requires a runway or airstrip to meaning,"a practice that dictionaries take off and land,as it cannot do so vertically facilitate while digital writing programs stifle. like a helicopter.The company says it has Writers consulting a dictionary make a received 70 orders for the vehicle so far, choice,while writers guided by an app have mostly from customers in Europe and North their choices made for them.The digital- America.The PAL V Liberty is a groundbreaking native approach delivers hands-off,derivative innovation that could change the future of (衍生的)communication.The other requires transportation,but it also faces many leafing through pages without knowing challenges and limitations. exactly where you'll end up. Without 3.What can we infer about from the passage? dictionaries to provide us with a guide to A.The PAL-V Liberty has been used in our English's potential,writing that way is nearly daily life. impossible. B.If you have a pilot license,you can drive Our ability to express ourselves is the PAL-V Liberty. critical-it helps us define who we are. C.It can switch between driving and flying Dictionaries aid us in achieving this:They mode in a short time categorize our unique ways of thinking D.The Sport Edition is more attractive through language.I'm a Canadian;my feeling features than the Pioneer Edition. of pride in my native land is enhanced by D small verbal Canadianisms like "eaves trough" (2026·湖北武汉三调，C)Have you ever or“serviette”,which are well-documented in obeyed the suggestions of a digital writing dictionaries but rarely used by AI chatbots, assistant to replace a word or restructure a for the most part. sentence?Before the appearance of digital As digital writing extends deeper into our tools,you'd probably have turned to a lives and minds,we need dictionaries more dictionary for the same assistance. than ever. Abandoning dictionaries and Dictionaries enable us to write not with embracing mechanized writing would weaken fail-safe convenience but with originality and a our capacity for collective identity quite as point of view.While AI assistants produce much as the ability to express ourselves. 200 班级： 姓名： 4.What might be a distinct feature of dictionaries astonished when I got to experience it according to the author? firsthand. A.They promise fail-safe phrases. Recently,we did a poetry project,and B.They possess academic authority. one of the activities was a peer(同伴) C.They facilitate creative writing. review.I would never have taken part if it was D.They provide ready-made expressions. up to me,as I preferred to work 5.What does the underlined word“stifle”in independently.But when I got involved,I paragraph 3 probably mean? found in the experience,I had done something A.Favor. B.Revise. that I thought was nearly impossible -it C.Observe. D.Discourage. made my poetry better.My partner informed 6.Why does the author mention "eaves me of my mistakes and told me where I could trough”and“serviette'”in paragraph4? give more detail. A.To show how Al aids us in expressing One of our final products of the project ideas. was to present our poetry to the class.I've B.To indicate the weakness of dictionaries. always loved public speaking but I thought C.To celebrate the diversity of Canadian with Summit Learning,I would have fewer English. chances to speak.I was wrong.The peer D.To illustrate how language use affects activities we did with a partner gave me more belief in my ability and inspired me to do more identity. 7.What can be a suitable title for the text? to make my presentation the best it could possibly be. A.Why Keep Your Dictionary Interactions like these are what Summit B.How to Deal with Digital Writing Learning is all about.This style of learning C.Who Uses Writing Assistants brings a positive and hard-working culture D.What to Expect from Dictionaries that allows us to push our boundaries and 考点2阅读理解之推理判断—观点态度 keep going It creates a sense of community A since we are all working towards a similar Ein-Eli said disposable masks,in high goal. demand globally during the health crisis, As an active boy,I have always been ahead were not economically or environmentally and advanced,but in a normal classroom,there friendly."You have to make it reusable and are restrictions on what I can do.With Summit friendly,and this is our solution,he said. Learning,I can go beyond expectations in 1.What's the attitude of Ein-Eli to the new projects or move ahead in learning new type of face mask? content when I'm ready.I have ownership of A.supportive B.negative my work and pursue my goals. C.doubtful D.indifferent Summit Learning has showed me how B much people can grow and change.It has When I first heard about Summit helped me see people and myself differently.It Learning,I admitted I was not a bit happy has been one of the greatest experiences of my and excited at all.I thought it would require life,and I cannot see myself going back to a interactions with others.But later,I was normal classroom. 201 高考预测练 2.What was the author's initial response to land.The peak of the world's tallest mountain Summit Learning? Mount Qomolangma in the Himalaya,measuring A.He was astonished to hear about it. 8848.86 meters high-would not even break B.He was a bit excited about it. the surface of the water if it was placed in the C.He was unwilling to attend it. Pacific Ocean's Mariana Trench or Philippine D.He was curious about how it worked. Trench,two of the deepest parts of the 3.How did the author benefit from the poetry ocean.On the other hand,the Atlantic Ocean project? is relatively shallow because large parts of its A.It reminded him to be independent. seafloor are made up of continental shelves- B.It improved his poem and confidence.. parts of the continents that extend far out into C.It raised him a sense of responsibility. the ocean.The average depth of the entire D.It allowed him to deliver a public speech. ocean is 3,720 meters. 4.What can be inferred about Summit Learning? 1.What does the author intend to tell us in A.It has restrictions on what one can do. paragraph 2? B.It shows boundaries of one's abilities. A.Reasons why ocean floors are rough. C.It teaches poetry in a normal classroom. B.Significance of the ocean floor to animals. D.It transforms the traditional way of learning. C.The heights of different mountain ranges. 5.What does the author think of Summit D.Some ocean knowledge from oceanographers. Learning now? B A.Inspiring. B.Enjoyable. I live in Xizhou in Yunnan Province,on C.Challenging. D.Conservative. the historic Tea Horse Road.I have to admit C that when I first heard that Paul Salopek was State governments are well accustomed going to walk the entire globe on his own two to managing forests,but traditionally they've focused on wildlife and opportunities for feet,I was blown away.I couldn't imagine that there could be such an unusual person in recreation.Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in the world. storing carbon.California's plan,which is Last May,I met Paul.He told me that it expected to be finalized by the governor next was his first time in China.He talked to me year,should serve as a model. with great excitement about the history, 6.What is the author's attitude towards migrations,and discoveries in my region of California's Forest Carbon Plan? China.He spoke of the Shu-Yandu Dao (the A.Worried. B.Uncaring. Southern Silk Road),the travels of the 17th- C.Doubtful. D.Favorable. century Chinese explorer Xu Xiake,the Tea 考点3阅读理解之推理判断—一目的和意图 Horse Road and the early 20th-century A American botanist Joseph Rock.He also Although there is much more to learn, talked of Xuanzang.Paul considered many of oceanographers have already made some them heroes and in a sense Chinese pioneers amazing discoveries.For example,we know of slow journalism. that the ocean contains towering mountain I decided to accompany Paul on his walk ranges and deep valleys,just like those on toward Yunnan.On September 28,2021,we 202 班级： 姓名： set out.Our days were simple:walk,eat, 5.What is the main purpose of the writer's sleep,and repeat.We woke up at sunrise,set writing the text? off in high spirits,and rested at sunset, A.To suggest a new way of travel. dragging ourselves into exhausted sleep. B.To share and reflect on a journey. We met many people on the road.Some C.To advocate protection of biodiversity. were curious,surrounding us and watching D.To introduce and promote Chinese culture. us;some gave us directions;some invited us 考点4阅读理解之推理判断 一描述人或事 into their home to take a rest;some spoke of 件的特征 the charm of their hometown.We met many x beautiful souls,simple souls and warm souls. Phebe Cox grew up in what might seem We were walking with our minds. an unlikely mental health danger zone for a Together,we were impressed by the kid:tony Palo Alto,California.But behind its biodiversity of the Gaoligong Mountains.As I surface of family success and wealth,she walked on ancient paths through mountains,I said,is an environment of heavy pressure on seemed to hear the antique voices of past students to perform.By 2016,when Cox was travelers urging me to be careful on the road. in middle school,Palo Alto had a teen suicide Looking back on the more than 200 miles (自杀)rate four times the national average. I walked with Paul,I came to a realization. Cox's family lived by the railroad tracks Walking for its own sake,while healthy and where many of the suicides occurred.She got admirable,is only a small part of the benefit counseling(咨询).But that choice is not of moving with our feet.A deeper reward is always easily available to teens in crisis-and rediscovering the world around us,shortening she and her peers regarded school mental the distance between each other,and sharing health services as their last choice because of each other's cultures. concerns about privacy. 2.How did the writer first respond to Paul's A new program provides an alternative. travel plan? Called Allcove,it offers unattached health A.Puzzled. B.Scared. and wellness sites to those ages 12 to 25. C.Surprised. D.Disappointed. Although Allcove is built to support a wide 3.What can we learn about Paul Salopek from range of physical,emotional and social needs, paragraph 2? its main goal is to deal with mental health A.He had a knowledge of China. challenges before they develop into deeper B.He was a western journalist. problems.Cox said,"I felt pretty helpless as a C.He came to China several times. young teenager,but Allcove is all about the D.He was Joseph Rock's acquaintance students and the students'needs." 4.What does paragraph 4 tell us about the About half of all lifetime mental illness writer and Paul? begins by age 14 and 75%before age 25, A.They built bonds with people. according to researchers.Yet access to mental B.They satisfied the locals'curiosity. health care in the U.S.is lacking.According C.They set off in high spirits. to the National Alliance on Mental Illness, D.They honored the ancestors. some 30 million adults and children with mental 203 高考预测练 health conditions go without treatment,and 129 one knew why until a video replay confirmed the million people live in areas with shortages of call and controversy was avoided. mental health professionals. However,many purists-those who Allcove provides fully staffed safe spaces want people to follow rules carefully and do for teens and young adults to discuss and deal 1 things in the traditional way-especially in with their health,both mental and physical. soccer,argue it's not the way the game was Dr.Steven Adelsheim,a psychiatrist,who invented,and that the video replay is tainting created the Allcove in 2014,said,"There is a the sport.But don't you want to see the crying need in the U.S.to reach kids with proper application of the rules throughout the early intervention and help."Sometimes a kid games?I know I do.Yes,it can slow the may come in with a physical complaint,and game down,but I feel it is worth it.If only after a few visits is the mental suffering technological advancements allow fans watching brought out into the open.When that happens, from home to spot mistakes instantly,those same Alcove can make a“warm handoff”to a mental views need to be available to the officiating health specialist onsite.Success,say Adelsheim crews.Another example occurred in the most and Cox,would mean the establishment of recent National Football Conference (NFC) Championship Game between the Los Angeles hundreds of Allcove centers up and down the Rams and the New Orleans Saints.When state and,eventually,around the country. 1.Which of the following best describes the obvious pass interference was committed by the Los Angeles Rams player Nickell Robey- impact of the program? Coleman,with just 109 seconds to play,no A.Predictable. B.Short-lived. flag was raised on the field.It weakened the C.Unidentifiable.D.Significant. New Orleans Saints spirits.The Los Angeles B Rams won a 26-23 overtime victory.The no- As athletes get stronger and faster,the call deeply angered the public.The video pace of play continues to increase.The burden replay showed the referees had just missed of making sure games are played according to one of the most apparent pass interference the rules and that the officiating（裁判)is calls. accurate is now being taken out of human There are no easy answers regarding hands and falling more and more into the lap replay technology and whether it is a curse of technology.It's called the video replay. (魔咒).But for me,keeping the officiating The National Football League is honest and on task is the right step in limiting expanding its replay system this upcoming controversy. season to include pass interference(传球干 2.What trend in sports can be observed in )Major League Baseball now relies on it paragraph 2? for safe-or-out and home run calls.If you've A.The video replay has been widely used. been watching the FIFA World Cup,you may B.League games have become competitive. have noticed that the Video Assistant Referee C.Rules of professional games are becoming (VAR)played a key role in almost every stricter. game.And in the Kentucky Derby,a horse D.People are showing more interest in was disqualified for knocking another horse.No sports than before. 204 班级： 姓名： 3.What might the New Orleans Saints think Houtan,who works at the Loggerhead Marinelife of the referees in the NFC Championship Center.The two analyzed monthly sea surface Game? temperatures collected from 1870 through A.They relied a lot on the video replay. 2019.Then they mapped where and when B.They cared too much about details. extreme heat events had shown up,decade by C.They were definitely stressed out. decade. D.They were terribly disqualified. By looking at monthly extremes instead 考点5阅读理解之推理判断一写作手法 of annual averages,the two found that over Many bird species use different alarm time,more and more patches(区域)of water calls.Japanese tits,which nest in tree were reaching extreme temperatures.Then, holes,have one call that causes their baby in 2014,the entire ocean hit a point of no birds to get down to avoid being pulled out return,Van Houtan says. of the nest by crows,and another call for Heat waves harm ocean ecosystems. tree snakes that sends them jumping out of They can lead seabirds to starve...And the nest entirely.Siberian jays vary their animals-from fish and whales to turtles- calls depending on whether an enemy is may have to swim long distances in search of seen looking for food or actively attacking comfortable temperatures. -and each call gets a different response In May 2020,NOAA announced that it from other nearby birds. was updating what climates it now considered How does the author develop paragraph 2? “normal'”.These values are what the agency A.By listing data. uses to put daily weather events in a historical B.By giving examples. context.The average values from 1991 to 2020 C.By providing definition. are now higher than those from 1981 to 2010, D.By making comparisons. NOAA found. 考点6阅读理解之推理判断一文章出处 Van Houtan says his new study shows A extreme ocean warming is now the norm. Ocean temperature extremes are now Much discussion on climate change,he notes, normal,a new study reports.It has analyzed has been about future events,and whether or ocean surface temperatures for the past 150 not they might happen.But what the years.It reveals that by 2019,57 percent of the emerging data make clear,he says,is that ocean's surface was warming to temperatures extreme heat became common in our ocean in rarely seen 100 years ago. 2014.It's a documented historical fact-not a Ecologists wanted to learn how often future possibility. modern extreme heat events occur.They also 1.Why did the ecologists conduct the research? wanted to see how long they last.Kisei A.To prove what they had forecast. Tanaka was one of those ecologists.He now B.To recognize the value of the data. works for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric C.To update readers on newfound species. Administration (NOAA)in Honolulu, D.To find out the trend of ocean record Hawaii.Tanaka teamed up with Kyle Van heat. 205 高考预测练 2.What does Van Houtan want to stress at Internet advertising last? Internet advertising took root in the A.People's lifestyle will be greatly affected. middle of the 1990s.In this advertisement B.It is a must to discuss the climate change. method,the advertiser pays the website's C.Scientists must focus on historical events. owner to place their advertisements in D.Ocean heat extremes are the new normal. exposed spaces that are minor to the website's 3.In which section of a newspaper may this own content.Internet advertising includes text appear? video,search engine marketing,and more. A.Nature. B.Travel. However,as you know,the advertising C.Business. D.History. types above have developed dramatically since B the irrespective origins.Some advertisements As you can imagine,there are many have been memorable years after they types of advertisements in different mediums, first ran. on different channels,and with different goals So how do you create an advertising for their business. strategy that works fine?Please click here to know more about the advertisements and Print advertising campaigns we learn from. The first print advertisement ran in 4.Where will you probably read this article? England in 1472.Since then,this type of A.In a textbook. advertising has become available in newspapers, B.In a newspaper. C.On a Website. D.In a magazine. magazines,and similar mediums of carrying a c brand's message to its ideal users.In this The books written and published in the advertisement method,the advertiser pays l920 s remain on the“best ever”lists.Here the publisher to place their advertisements in are 4 books that everyone should read. the publication. The Great Gatsby Radio advertising The themes in the novel reflect the Radio advertising dates back to 1920,when sudden change in the character of America the first commercial radio stations were launched itself,and in some ways it's among the first in the United States.In this advertisement major modern novels produced in this country. medium,the advertiser pays the radio station The novel also makes a new and powerful to play their advertisements during selected concept clear at the time:The American breaks between music or a radio show. Dream,the idea that self-made men and Television advertising women could make themselves into anything Television advertising originated in the in this country. 1940s with the promotion of practical items A Farewell to Arms and political campaigns.In this advertisement The story is one of a love affair medium,the advertiser pays the local or national interrupted and dogged by events beyond the TV network to show their advertisements during lovers'control,and a central theme is the selected breaks in the network's regular pointless struggle of life-that we spend so programming. much energy and time on things that finally don't 206 班级： 姓名： matter.Hemingway masterfully combines a we are now witness to an advanced form of realistic description of war with some abstract the hand shake and physical conversations: literary techniques,which is one reason why online friendships. this book endures as a classic. Alarmingly,according to Internet Safety Ulysses 101,almost half of young adult users have When people make lists of the most received upsetting messages,with 92 percent difficult novels,Ulysses is almost certainly on posting their own real names and identification them.The one thing almost everyone knows online and 58 percent thinking it doesn't cause about Ulysses is that it employs "stream of concern.And though some parents may be consciousness",a literary technique that biting their fingernails in fear right now, seeks to show the inner monologue of a more than half of the youth have admitted to person.James Joyce wasn't the first writer to making their friends online and a good use this technique,but he was the first writer majority regularly text them. to attempt it on the scale as he did. Though the statistics are daunting,we Mrs.Dalloway hope,we haven't scared you off!Researchers It takes place on a single day in the life of actually found that pursuing online friendships the main character,and it employs a dense could be beneficial.Penn State University and tricky stream-of-consciousness technique, reported that this was especially the case for roaming(漫游)around to other characters and those with social anxiety,as they might form point of view.Mrs.Dalloway is concerned with a stronger comfort bond with their peers using these techniques to make the characters through the screen rather than a face-to-face clear and definite.The use of stream of meeting. consciousness is deliberately disorienting in Additionally,online interaction may the way it skips through time. increase your self-confidence.In our current 5.Where can the text be found? situation of isolation,perhaps that perfect A.In a biography. connection from the safety of our homes is all B.In a history book. it takes to make things just a little more C.In a travel brochure. bearable. D.In a literature magazine. In the end,it all depends on you. 考点7阅读理解之推理判断—预测文章 Whether or not your search for a friend bears 走势 fruit lies in your approach,and though I'm A not a great relationship master,I have some “Hello！”You type into the chat box. tips that will aid you in your exploration for There's a slight feeling of excitement flowing the“BFF”of your dreams. through your fingers,and you can't wait for a 1.What can we infer from the third paragraph? reply.You think,"There's probably nothing A.The youth often meet online friends in more exciting than this. reality. With communication from all corners of B.Most Internet users like texting to their the world possible at the ease of your fingers, online friends. 207 高考预测练 C.Many parents like biting fingernails regulate their emotions,whether to calm when worried. them or help get them excited,"he adds. D.Most young adults lack awareness of Dr.Carol Metzler,who studies parenting Internet safety. at the Oregon Research Institute,explains, 2.What's the author's attitude to making "They're watching you to see how you do it friends on the Internet? and listening to how you talk to them about A.Objective. B.Supportive. it.Parents need to be good self-regulators. C.Negative. D.Unclear. You're not only trying to regulate your own 3.What do you think the text will talk about emotions in the moment,but helping your next? child learn to manage their emotions and A.How to get on well with online friends. behavior.It can be tough to respond to your B.How to find online best friends. kids with sensitivity during tantrums(精神痛 C.How to keep in touch with online 苦)，arguments,or other challenging times.. friends. : If parents respond by being bad-tempered or D.How to benefit from dream online aggressive(攻击性的)themselves,children friends. can copy that behavior,and a negative cycle B then continues to upgrade." Modern life is full of things that can As kids become better at managing their feelings and behavior,it's important to help influence your ability to be sensitive and them develop coping skills,like active responsive to your child.These include extra problem solving.Such skills can help them work,lack of sleep,and things like mobile feel confident in handling what comes devices.Some experts are concerned about the their way. effects that these things trigger off on 4.What will the writer probably talk about emotional bonding and children's language next? development,social interaction,and safety. A.The way to train kids to be confident. If parents are inconsistently available, B.The way to train kids'abilities to deal kids can get distressed(苦恼的)and feel hurt, with matters. rejected,or ignored.They may have more C.The way to train kids to self-regulate emotional outbursts and feel alone.They may their emotions. even stop trying to compete for their parent's D.The way to train kids'abilities to be attention and start to lose emotional sensitive and responsibe. connections to their parents. 考点8阅读理解之推理判断一文章结构 "There are times when kids really do A need your attention and want your Sleep is reparative.Because we need to recognition.Parents need to communicate that repair a lot while we sleep,it's important to their kids are valuable and important,and get quality sleep. children need to know that parents care what Most of us function better in the daytime they're doing,"explains Crnic,a psychologist. with routines.We also function better at night "Kids start to regulate their own emotions with a routine because we want to keep pace and behavior around age three.Up until then, with our natural body rhythms.Each person's they depend more on you to help them routine may be different-some people wash 208 班级： 姓名： their face at night,and some take a bath C.Higher quality of sleep leads to better just make sure it is a routine.That's true mental health. during the week and on the weekend; D.Listening to music makes it difficult to consistency matters.Have a winding down, stay asleep getting ready for sleep routine,and carry that 2.What's the structure of the text? out at the same time every night.Find things ① ①② that are relaxing and help slow you down for 34 sleep.That may be reading,listening to music,meditating,praying-anything that's 5 D relaxing while also being constructive or healthy. 及 Typically,people relax and tend to slow A diet rich in fruit and vegetables and everything down at bedtime.As they relax, incorporating a daily glass of wine can protect they take deeper breaths,increasing oxygen the brain against dementia,a study suggests. flow,which raises their skin temperature. Sticking closely to Mediterranean eating This is one of the key reasons why we sleep habits,which also include plenty of nuts, better in a cooler environment.If your skin seafood,whole grains and olive oil,has been temperature increases and your room is linked to a 23 per cent lower risk of dementia. already a bit warm,you will be too hot to Based on data gathered on 60,000 people sleep well. via the UK Biobank,a medical database set up The exact temperature is a personal in 2006,the researchers scored participants' matter.The key is that it's more toward cool diets for how closely they matched the ideal than hot.Many consider 68 degrees an Mediterranean diet on two scales. environment that's neither so cold we shiver Using one,those whose eating habits nor so hot we sweat.But there's no scientific were the best match were 23 per cent less evidence for an exact,perfect sleeping likely to develop dementia than those whose temperature. diets least fit the pattern.A diet with a perfect At the end of the day,sleep is absolutely score would involve more than four tablespoons of crucial for so many reasons.It helps us repair olive oil,at least two portions of vegetables and rejuvenate so we can fight infection, and three of fruit per day as well as a glass of concentrate,regulate our moods,show up for wine.It would also include at least three ourselves and the people in our lives,and basically function as humans.We can't make servings of legumes,90 grams of nuts,and up lost sleep,contrary to what many a night three servings of fish or shellfish a week.The owl might think.So,it's really high time we ideal diet would also involve very little red or should do all we can to foster the best sleep processed meat,avoiding too many sweetened possible,starting with a cool room and drinks,butter,margarine or cream. relaxing bedtime routine. The second scale used similar criteria and 1.What can be inferred from Paragraph 2? a close match on that was linked to a 14 per A.A routine can be helpful in getting cent lower risk of dementia.The findings, quality sleep. published in the journal BMC Medicine, B.It's best to avoid screens before you go appeared to show a"protective effect regardless of to bed. someone's genetic risk". 209 高考预测练 Dr Susan Mitchell,of Alzheimer's Most of the time,the food or object only Research UK,said,"There is a wealth of partially blocks the trachea.If coughed up, evidence that eating a healthy,balanced diet breathing returns to normal quickly.Kids who can help reduce the risk of cognitive decline. seem to be choking and coughing but still can But the evidence for specific diets is much less breathe and talk usually recover without help. clear-cut."She pointed out that the study It can be uncomfortable for them,but they're only drew on data from people with white, generally fine after a few seconds. British or Irish ancestry.She said,"While Sometimes,an object can get into the there are no surefire ways to prevent dementia trachea and completely block the airway.If airflow into and out of the lungs is blocked yet,a diet rich in fruit and vegetables,along and the brain will become short of oxygen, with plenty of exercise and not smoking,all choking can become a life-threatening contribute to good heart health,which in turn emergency.A child may be choking and need helps to protect our brain from diseases that help right away if he or she can't breathe or lead to dementia." can't talk or make noise. 3.Which of the following best shows the If you have kids,it's important to get structure of the passage? trained in both CPR(心肺复苏)and the PI technique of abdominal thrusts(腹部施压). P2 P3 P2 P3 P4 Even if you don't have kids,knowing how to P4 P5 P5 perform these first-aid procedures will let you A B help if someone is choking. PI PI All kids are at risk for choking,but P2 P2P5 those younger than 3 are especially at risk. P3 P4 P3P4☐ Young kids tend to put things in their P5 mouths,have smaller airways that are easily 0 考点9阅读理解之推理判断—读者对象 blocked,and don't have a lot of experience When a child is choking,it means that an chewing,so they might swallow things whole. object is stuck in the trachea.When this Take the time now to become prepared happens,air can't flow normally into or out CPR and first-aid courses are a must for of the lungs,so the child can t breathe parent,other caregivers,and babysitters.To properly. find one in your area,contact your local The trachea is usually protected by American Red Cross,YMCA,or American epiglottis(喉头盖).It allows food to pass Heart Association,or check with hospitals down and go into our stomach and it also and health departments in your community. prevents food from going down the trachea. Whom is the text written for? But every once in a while,the epiglottis A.American parents. doesn't close fast enough and an object can B.Japanese volunteers. slip into the trachea.This is what happens C.British doctors. when something goes down the wrong pipe. D.Australian visitors. 210look rather cute are a big reason for this.(它像屏幕一样的头 上长着大大的、圆形的、闪烁的‘眼睛’，这让它看起来相当可 爱，这是一个重要的原因。)”可知，Astr0头上长着的大大的、 圆形的、闪烁的“眼睛”让他看起来很可爱，由此可知，Asto 最吸引人的是它可爱的外表。故选C项。 4.B推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Tritschler is encouraging people to personalize the robot when it becomes available, and he is confident that users will come up with more ideas and features they will want to see in the robot in the near future to make it even better.(特里奇勒鼓励人们在机器人 可用时对其进行个性化设计，他相信在不久的将来，用户会 提出更多的想法和功能，让机器人变得更好。)”可知， Tritschler相信在不久的将来，用户会提出更多的想法和功 能，让机器人变得更好，由此可知，Tritschler对Astro的未来 持乐观的态度。故选B项。 5.A 主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Amazon recently announced its latest launch,a robot called Astro.Small in size,but with impressive technology,Astro is seemingly similar to Amazon's popular virtual assistant.(亚马逊最近发 布了一款名为Astro的机器人。Astro体积小，但技术令人 印象深刻，看起来与亚马逊流行的虚拟助手类似。)”结合下 文中的介绍的Astro的独特的功能以及对机器人未来发展 情况的介绍可知，本文主要介绍的是亚马逊推出的一款称为 Astro的机器人，所以题目“Astro:机器人助手”与本文的内 容吻合，且可以概括本文的主题，适合作为本文的最佳题目。 故选A项 6.A主旨大意题。根据第二段前四句“Debate tests the teenage character perhaps more than any other activity.The shy and the unsure often have no desire to look up from their screens and engage in the oldest human interaction: persuasive oral arguments.It's dreadful territory for the average teenager.Research,writing,delivering a speech in front of your peers,it all sounds like the kind of class students would be most likely to skip.(辩论也许比任何其他 活动都更能考验青少年的性格。害羞和不确定的人通常不 想从他们的屏幕上拾起头来参与最古老的人类互动：有说服 力的口头辩论。对于普通青少年来说，这是一个可怕的领 域。研究、写作、在同龄人面前发表演讲，这些听起来都是学 生最有可能跳过的课程。)”可知，第二段主要是讲辩论对青 少年的挑战性。故选A。 高考预测练（十五）阅读理解之推理判断题 考点1 A l.C推理判断题。根据第二段“Today we know this is not the case.Rather,animals do everything to ensure that copies of their own genes are passed to the next generation with maximum efficiency and,when necessary,they will also kill conspecifics.(今天，我们知道情况并非如此。相反，动物尽 一切努力确保自己基因的副本以最大的效率传递给下一代， 在必要时，它们也会杀死同种动物。)”可推知，动物的行为主 要由他们急于保证基因的传播而驱动。故选C 2.C推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“When you dance with a tapel and perform its character,you undergo a transformation,'says I Made Bandem,a scholar and teacher of Balinese arts-and a dancer for seven decades.'You must marry'that mask and make ritual (offerings to create unity between yourself and the tapel.Many dancers will sleep with the mask beside them,so that they can learn its true character..’(‘当你戴上tapel并扮演它的角色时，你会经历一 种变身，’巴厘岛艺术的学者和教师兼已舞蹈家七十年的1 Made Bandem说。‘你必须‘嫁’给那个面具，并进行仪式祭 祀，以在你和tapel之间创造统一。许多舞者会把面具放在 身旁睡觉，以便了解它的真正性格。')”可推知，tapl在舞者 和真实人物之间架起了一座桥梁。故选C项。 3.C本文是新闻报道。介绍了PAL-V Liberty是一种革命性 的交通工具，可以在陆地和空中行驶，这是世界上第一辆商 用飞行汽车，目前已可预订。 推理判断题。根据第二段“It can switch between driving mode and flying mode in about 10 minutes,with the help of a 30 semi-automatic system.(在半自动系统的帮助下，它可以在 大釣10分钟内从驾驶模式切换到飞行模式)”可知，PALV Liberty可以在短时间内在驾驶和飞行模式之间切换。故选 顶。 D 【语篇解读】本文是议论文。文章对比了数字写作助手与词 典，指出词典对保留原创性和塑造身份认同有着不可替代的作 用，最后强调我们比以往更需要词典。 4,C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Dictionaries enable us to write not with fail-safe convenience but with originality and a point of view.(词典让我们写作时并非依靠万无一失的便 捷，而是能够展现原创性和观，点)”以及“dictionaries provide us with the knowledge to use language ourselves in expressive and potentially infinite ways(词典为我们提供了运用语言的 知识，使我们自己能够以富有表现力且可能无穷无尽的方式 进行表达)”可知，词典能促进创造性写作。故选C。 5.D推测词义题。根据画线词所在句中的while判断，此处 表示对比关系。由a practice that dictionaries facilitate(词典 促进这种做法)可以推断出数字写作程序会阻碍 (Discourage)这种写作实践。故选D。 6.D推理判断题，推断写作意图。例子服务于观点。第四段 首句表达作者的观，点一表达自我的能力至关重要，它帮助 我们定义自己是谁。接着作者以自己为例，提到这些加拿大 英语中的特有词语增强了自己的身份认同，这些词在词典中 有记录，但AI很少使用，说明词典有助于保留和表达身份。 因此作者提到eaves trough和serviette的目的是说明语言使 用影响身份认同。故选D。 7.A主旨要义题，考查最佳标题。全文围绕数字写作助手与 词典的对比展开：第二、三段阐述词典如何促进创造性写作、 赋予人们选择权；第四段以加拿大英语词语为例，说明词典 有助于塑造身份认同；末段明确提出“我们比以往更需要词 典”。这些内容共同回答了“为什么要保留词典”这一核心问 题。因此，A项是最佳标题。 考点2 l.A推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Ein-Eli said disposable masks,in high demand globally during the health crisis,were not economically or environmentally friendly. You have to make it reusable and friendly,and this is our solution,’he said.（恩-伊莱说，在卫生危机期间，全球对一次 性口罩的需求量很大，但这既不经济，也不环保。他说：‘你 必须让它可重复使用且友好，这就是我们的解决方案。)”可 知，Ein-Eli对新口革是支持的。故选A。 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。 文章主要讲述了作者参加 Summit Learning课程的经历和感受」 2.C作者态度题。根据第一段的“When I first heard about Summit Learning,I admitted I was not a bit happy and excited at all,(当我第一次听说Summit Learning的时候，我 承认我一点也不高兴和兴奋)”和第二段的“I would never have taken part if it was up to me,as I preferred to work independently.(如果由我来决定，我绝不会参加，因为我更喜 欢独立工作)”可知，作者对Summit Learning的第一反应是 不想参加。故选C。 3.B推理判断题。根据第三段的“The peer activities we did with a partner gave me more belief in my ability and inspired me to do more to make my presentation the best it could possibly be.(我们和一个伙伴一起做的同伴活动让我对自己 的能力更有信心，并激励我做更多的事情，使我的演讲尽可能 最好)”可知，诗歌活动提高了作者的诗歌和信心。故选B。 4.D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“As an active boy,I have always been ahead and advanced,but in a normal classroom, there are restrictions on what I can do.With Summit Learning,I can go beyond expectations in projects or move ahead in learning new content when I'm ready.I have ownership of my work and pursue my goals..(作为一个好动 的男孩，我一直走在前面，不断进步，但是在一个正常的教室 里，我所能做的是有限制的。有了Summit Learning,我可以 在项目中超越预期，或者在我准备好的时候继续学习新内 容。我对自己的工作有主人翁精神，并追求自己的目标)”推 知，Summit Learning转变了学习的方式。故选D。 0 5.A推理判断题。根据最后一段“Summit Learning has showed me how much people can grow and change.It has helped me see people and myself differently.It has been one of the greatest experiences of my life,and I cannot see myself going back to a normal classroom,(峰会学习向我展示了人 可以成长和改变多少。它帮助我以不同的方式看待别人和 自己。这是我一生中最伟大的经历之一，我无法想象自己会 回到正常的教室)”可推知，作者认为Summit Learning非常 有启发意义的。故选A。 6.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon.California's plan,which is expected to be finalized by the governor next year,should serve as a model.(直到最近， 他们才认识到森林在储存碳方面所起的重要作用。加州的 计划预计将于明年由州长最终确定，它应该成为一个榜样)” 可知，作者认为加州的计划应该成为一个榜样。由此推知 作者对它是持支持态度。故选D项 考点3 l.D目的和意图题。根据第二段中“Although there is much more to learn,oceanographers have already made some amazing discoveries,.（虽然还有很多东西要学，但海洋学家已 经有了一些惊人的发现。)”以及后文所举实例可知，本段讲 述了海洋学家所发现的一些有关海洋的知识。故选D。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者住在历史悠久的茶马 古道上，去年5月，他遇到了要用双脚环游世界的Paul Salopek,于是决定陪Paul游云南。文中描述了他们路上的见 闻和作者的感悟。 2.C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I have to admit that when I first heard that Paul Salopek was going to walk the entire globe on his own two feet,I was blown away.I couldn't imagine that there could be such an unusual person in the world(我不得不承认，当我第一次听说保罗·萨洛佩克要 用自己的两只脚走完整个地球时，我惊呆了。我无法想象世 界上会有这样一个不寻常的人)”可知，作者最初对Pul的 旅行计划感到吃惊。故选C项 3.A推理判断题。根据第二段“He told me that it was his first time in China.He talked to me with great excitement about the history,migrations,and discoveries in my region of China.He spoke of the Shu-Yandu Dao (the Southern Silk Road),the travels of the 17th-century Chinese explorer Xu Xiake,the Tea Horse Road and the early 20th-century American botanist Joseph Rock.He also talked of Xuanzang. Paul considered many of them heroes and in a sense Chinese pioneers of slow journalism.(他告诉我这是他第一次来中 国。他非常兴奋地和我谈论我所在地区的历史、移民和发 现。他谈到了蜀道一盐都道（南方丝绸之路）、17世纪中国探 险家徐霞客的旅行、茶马古道和20世纪初美国植物学家约 瑟夫·洛克。他还谈到了玄奘。保罗认为他们中的许多人 是英雄，在某种意义上是中国慢新闻的先驱)”可知Paul Salopek和作者谈论所在地区的历史、移民和发现，可推知， Paul Salopek对中国有一定的了解。故选A项。 4.A推理判断题。根据第四段“We met many people on the road.Some were curious,surrounding us and watching us; some gave us directions;some invited us into their home to take a rest;some spoke of the charm of their hometown.We met many beautiful souls,simple souls and warm souls.We were walking with our minds.(我们在路上遇到了许多人 有些人很好奇，围观着我们观察我们；有些人给了我们指引； 有些人邀请我们到他们家休息；有些人谈论着他们家乡的魅 力。我们遇到了许多美丽的灵魂，朴实的灵魂和温暖的灵 魂。我们在用心走路)”据此可推知，作者和Paul与人们建 立了联系。故选A项。 5.B推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，作者住在历史悠久的 茶马古道上，他遇到了要用双脚环游世界的Paul Salopek,于 是决定陪Pul游云南。文章描述了他们路上的见闻和作者 的感悟。由此推知，作者写作的目的是分享和回顾一段旅 程。故选B项。 3o 考点4 1.D推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“A new program provides an alternative.Called Allcove,it offers unattached health and wellness sites to those ages 12 to 25.Although Allcove is built to support a wide range of physical,emotional and social needs,its main goal is to deal with mental health challenges before they develop into deeper problems.(一个新 计划提供了一个替代方案。名为Allcove的计划为12至25 岁的年轻人提供独立的健康和福祉场所。尽管Allcove旨在 支持各种身体、情感和社交需求，但其主要目标是在心理健 康问题发展成更深层次问题之前解决这些挑战)”以及最后 一段“Dr.Steven Adelsheim,a psychiatrist,who created the Allcove in 2014,said,'There is a crying need in the U.S.to reach kids with early intervention and help.'Sometimes a kid may come in with a physical complaint,and only after a few visits is the mental suffering brought out into the open.When that happens,Alcove can make a 'warm handoff'to a mental health specialist onsite.Success,say Adelsheim and Cox, would mean the establishment of hundreds of Allcove centers up and down the state and,eventually,around the country. (Allcove的创始人、精神科医生史蒂文·阿德尔海姆博士 说：‘美国迫切需要通过早期千预和帮助来接触到孩子们。 有时候，一个孩子可能因体质上的不适而前来就医，但只有 在几次访问之后，他们才会透露出心理痛苦。当发生这种情 况时，Allcove可以将他们‘转介’给现场的心理健康专家 阿德尔海姆和C0x表示，成功意味着在整个州内以及最终在 全国范围内建立数百个Allcove中心)”可知，Allcove为12至 25岁的年轻人提供独立的健康和福祉场所，能通过早期千预和 帮助来接触到孩子们，所以是有很重要的意义。故选D项。 B 【语篇解读】本文是篇议论文。文章讲述了随着运动员变 得更加强壮和快速，比赛的节奏也越来越快，在确保比赛遵循 规则和裁判准确性方面，越来越多地依靠于视频回放技术，以 及在体育比赛中采用视频回放技术的优势和争议。文章提出 使用视频回放技术可以让裁判更加公正和准确，并强调了保持 裁判员诚实和任务的重要性。 2.A推理判断题。根据第二段“The National Football League is expanding its replay system this upcoming season to include pass interference(传球千扰).Major League Baseball now relies on it for safe-or-out and home run calls.If you've been watching the FIFA World Cup,you may have noticed that the Video Assistant Referee (VAR)played a key role in almost every game.And in the Kentucky Derby,a horse was disqualified for knocking another horse.No one knew why until a video replay confirmed the call and controversy was avoided.(在即将到来的赛季中，美国国家橄榄球联盟将扩大 其回放系统，将传球干扰纳入其中。美国职业棒球大联盟现 在依靠它来进行安全出局和本垒打。如果你一直在看世界 杯，你可能已经注意到视频助理裁判(VAR)在几乎每场比赛 中都发挥着关键作用。在肯塔基赛马比赛中，一匹马因撞到 另一匹马而被取消资格。没有人知道为什么，直到视频回放 证实了这一判罚，争议才得以避免。)”可知，美国国家橄榄球 联盟、美国职业棒球大联盟，FIFA世界杯以及肯塔基赛马中 都在依靠视频回放作出裁决，由此推知，视频回放在体育赛 事中已被广泛使用。故选A。 3.D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“It weakened the New Orleans Saints spirits.The Los Angeles Rams won a 26-23 overtime victory.The no-call deeply angered the public.The video replay showed the referees had just missed one of the most apparent pass interference calls.(它削弱了新奥尔良圣 徒队的士气。洛衫矶公羊队在加时赛中以26比23获胜。 这一否决深深激怒了公众。录像回放显示，裁判刚刚错过了 一个最明显的传球千扰判蜀。)”可知，视频回放显示，裁判刚 刚错过了一个十分明显的传球千扰判罚，而这削弱了新奥尔 良圣徒队的士气。由此推知，新奥尔良圣徒队会认为这些裁 判是不称职的。故选D。 考点5 B推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Many bird species use different alarm calls.(许多鸟类使用不同的警报信号。)”，第 二句“Japanese tits,which nest in tree holes,have one call that causes their baby birds to get down to avoid being pulled out of the nest by crows,and another call for tree snakes that sends them jumping out of the nest entirely.(在树洞筑巢的 日本山雀，有一种叫声能让它们的幼鸟下来，以免被乌鸦拉 出巢外，另一种叫声能让它们完全跳出巢外。)”和第三句 "Siberian jays vary their calls depending on whether an enemy is seen looking for food or actively attacking-and each call gets a different response from other nearby birds.(西伯利亚 松鸦根据敌人是在寻找食物还是在主动攻击而改变它们的 叫声，而每一种叫声都会从附近的其他鸟类那里得到不同的 回应。)”可知，第二段是通过举例来论证观点。故选B。 考点6 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科研人员通过 分析过去150年间的海洋温度资料发现如今海洋温度升高呈 现不可逆转的趋势。 l.D推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Ecologists wanted to learn how often modern extreme heat events occur.They also wanted to see how long they last..(生态学家想要了解现代极 端高温事件发生的频率。他们还想看看它们能持续多久。)” 可知，生态学家开展此研究是为了探寻海洋温度升高呈现的 趋势。故选D。 2.D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Van Houtan says his new study shows extreme ocean warming is now the norm. Much discussion on climate change,he notes,has been about future events,and whether or not they might happen.But what the emerging data make clear,he says,is that extreme heat became common in our ocean in 2014.Van Houtani, 他的新研究表明，海洋极瑞变暖现在是常态。他指出，关于 气候变化的许多讨论都是关于未来的事件，以及它们是否会 发生。但他说，新出现的数据清楚地表明，2014年，极端高温 在我们的海洋中变得普遍。)”可推断，Van Houtan意在强调 如今海洋升温已是一种新常态。故选D。 3.A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ocean temperature extremes are now normal,a new study reports.It has analyzed ocean surface temperatures for the past 150 years. (一项新的研究报告称，海洋温度极端现在是正常的。它分 析了过去150年的海洋表面温度。)”可知，本文主要介绍科 研人员通过分析过去150年间的海洋温度资料发现如今海 洋温度升高呈现不可逆转的趋势。故本文可能出自报纸的 自然版块。故选A。 B 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四种广告类型：印 刷广告、广播广告、电视广告和互联网广告。 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段“Please click here to know more about the advertisements and campaigns we learn from. (请按此了解更多我们所学习的广告和活动)”可知，文章选 自网站。故选C。 5.D推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了依旧经典的四 本20世纪20年代出版的书：《了不起的盖茨比》《永别了，武 器》《尤利西斯》和《达洛威夫人》，分别从小说主题、文学技巧 和创新等角度进行了分析，并建议读者去阅读。故推断文章 出自于一本文学杂志。故选D。 考点7 A 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章通过场景描写引入本文 话题 一网上交友。首先陈述了很多年轻人网上交友的现状 以及家长对此的担忧，然后通过一个研究证明，网上交友也是 有益的。 l.D推理判断题。根据第三段中“Alarmingly,according to Internet Safety 101,almost half of young adult users have received upsetting messages,with 92 percent posting their own real names and identification online and 58 percent thinking it doesn't cause concern.(据“网络安全l0l”调查显 示，令人担忧的是，近一半的年轻成年用户曾收到过令人不 快的信息，其中92%的人曾在网上发布过实名和身份信息， 58%的人认为这没什么可担心的)”可推断，大多数年轻人缺 乏互联网安全意识。故选D。 2.A推理判断题。根据第三段中“Alarmingly,according to Internet Safety 101,almost half of young adult users have received upsetting messages,with 92 percent posting their own real names and identification online and 58 percent 3O thinking it doesn't cause concern.(据“网络安全l0I”调查显 示，令人担忧的是，近一半的年轻成年用户曾收到过令人不 快的信息，其中92%的人曾在网上发布过实名和身份信息， 58%的人认为这没什么可担心的)”以及第四段中 "Researchers actually found that pursuing online friendships could be beneficial.Penn State University reported that this was especially the case for those with social anxiety,as they might form a stronger comfort bond with their peers through the screen rather than a face-to-face meeting.(研究人员实标 上发现，追求网络友谊可能是有益的。宾夕法尼亚州立大学 报告称，这对那些有社交焦虑的人来说尤其如此，因为他们 可能会通过屏幕与同龄人形成更强的舒适联系，而不是面对 面的见面)”以及通读全文可知，文章介绍了网上交友的缺，点 和优点，表述客观，无明显个人情感倾向，所以是客观的。故 选A。 3.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whether or not your search for a friend bears fruit lies in your approach,and though I'm not a great relationship master,I have some tips that will aid you in your exploration for the "BFF"of your dreams.(你寻找朋友的过程是否有结果取决于你的方法，虽 然我不是一个很好的人际关系专家，但我有一些建议可以帮 助你探索你梦想中的“最好的朋友”)”可推知，文章接下来会 给出一些关于如何在网上找好朋友的建议。故选B。 4.B本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了父母要与孩子建立密切的 联系并积极地影响孩子。 推理判断题。根据最后一段“As kids become better at managing their feelings and behavior,it's important to help them develop coping skills,like active problem solving.Such skills can help them feel confident in handling what comes their way..(随着孩子们越来越善于管理自己的情绪和行为， 帮助他们发展应对技能是很重要的，比如积极主动地解决问 题。这样的技能可以帮助他们在处理自己面临的问题时感 到自信。)”可知，此处讲述了父母帮助孩子发展解决问题的 技能很重要，由此可推测，作者接下来会谈及如何培养孩子 解决实际问题的技能。故选B。 考点8 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，高质量的睡眠至关重要，作 者在文章中主要论述了养成良好的睡前让自己放松的习惯并 严格执行、保持凉爽的温度有益于提高睡眠质量。 l.A推理判断题。根据第二段“Most of us function better in the daytime with routines.We also function better at night with a routine because we want to keep pace with our natural body rhythms.Each person's routine may be different-some people wash their face at night,and some take a bath-just make sure it is a routine.That's true during the week and on the weekend;consistency matters..（我们大多数人在白天按 照习惯就会表现更好。我们在晚上按照习惯也会更好，因为 我们想要跟上我们自然的身体节奏。每个人的习惯可能是 不同的 一有些人晚上洗脸，有些人洗澡 一只要确保这是 一种习惯。工作日和周末都是如此；一致性很重要。)”可知 养成习惯有助于获得高质量的睡眠。故选A。 2.A推理判断题。在文章第一段“Sleep is reparative.Because we need to repair a lot while we sleep,it's important to get quality sleep.(睡眠是修复性的。因为我们需要在睡觉时修 复很多东西，所以获得高质量的睡眠很重要。)”作者阐述了 高质量睡眠的重要性；由第二段中“Have a winding down, getting ready for sleep routine,and carry that out at the same time every night.Find things that are relaxing and help slow you down for sleep.That may be reading,listening to music, meditating,praying -anything that's relaxing while also being constructive or healthy.(有一个放松下来，准备睡觉的 程序，每天晚上在同一时间进行。找一些能让你放松的事 情，让你慢慢入睡。可以是阅读、听音乐、冥想、祈祷一任 何既放松又有益健康的事情。)”可知第二段阐述了养成良好 的睡前让自己放松的一些习惯并严格执行有助于提高睡眠 质量；第三段“Typically,people relax and tend to,slow everything down at bedtime.As they relax,they take deeper breaths,increasing oxygen flow,which raises their skin temperature.This is one of the key reasons why we sleep better in a cooler environment.If your skin temperature 2 increases and your room is already a bit warm,you will be too hot to sleep well.(通常情况下，人们会在睡前放松，并倾 向于放慢一切。当他们放松时，他们会深呼吸，增加氧气流 量，从而提高皮肤温度。这就是为什么我们在凉爽的环境中 睡得更好的关键原因之一。如果你的皮肤温度升高，而你的 房间已经有点热了，你就会热得睡不好觉。)”以及第四段 "The exact temperature is a personal matter.The key is that it's more toward cool than hot.Many consider 68 degrees an environment that's neither so cold we shiver nor so hot we sweat.But there's no scientific evidence for an exact,perfect sleeping temperature,(确切的温度是个人问题。关键是它更 倾向于冷而不是热。许多人认为68度的环境既不会冷到让 人发抖，也不会热到让人出汗。但是没有科学证据证明一个 精确的、完美的睡眠温度。)”阐述了睡觉放松时人们皮肤温 度会升高，凉爽的环境有助于提高睡眠质量；在文章最后一 "At the end of the day,sleep is absolutely crucial for so many reasons.It helps us repair and rejuvenate so we can fight infection,concentrate,regulate our moods,show up for ourselves and the people in our lives,and basically function as humans.We can't make up lost sleep,contrary to what many a night owl might think.So,it's really high time we should do all we can to foster the best sleep possible,starting with a cool room and relaxing bedtime routine.(归根结底，出于多种 原因，睡眠绝对至关重要。它帮助我们修复和恢复活力，这 样我们就可以对抗感染，集中注意力，调节我们的情绪，为自 己和我们生活中的人出现，并且基本上像人类一样发挥作 用。我们无法弥补失去的睡眠，这与许多夜猫子的想法相 反。所以，现在真的是时候了，我们应该尽我们所能来促进 最好的睡眠，从凉爽的房间和放松的就寝时间开始。)”作者 阐述良好睡眠的诸多益处，并且指出失去的睡眠是无法弥补 的；并对自己的观，点进行总结：从现在开始养成良好的习惯， 从凉爽的房间和放松的就袋习惯开始；由此可知，本文为总 分 一总结构，其中第二段阐述了养成良好的睡前让自 己放松的一些习惯并严格执行有助于提高睡眠质量：第三 四段阐述了凉爽的温度有助于提高睡眠质量；A选项符合文 章结构。故选A。 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了新的研究发 现富含水果和蔬莱的饮食，每天喝一杯酒，可以保护大脑免受 痴呆症的侵害。介绍了研究开展的过程以及Susan Mitchell博 士对此研究的看法， 3.C 推理判断题。根据第一段“A diet rich in fruit and vegetables and incorporating a daily glass of wine can protect the brain against dementia,a study suggests.Sticking closely to Mediterranean eating habits,which also include plenty of nuts,seafood,whole grains and olive oil,has been linked to a23 per cent lower risk of dementia.(一项研究表明，富含水 果和蔬菜的饮食，每天喝一杯酒，可以保护大脑免受痴呆症 的侵害。坚持地中海饮食习惯，包括大量的坚果、海鲜、全谷 物和橄榄油，可以将患痴呆症的风险降低23%)”可知第一段 引出文章关于新研究发现降低痴呆症风险的可能策略；第二 "Based on data gathered on 60,000 people via the UK Biobank,a medical database set up in 2006,the researchers scored participants'diets for how closely they matched the ideal Mediterranean diet on two scales.(根据2006年建立的 英国生物银行收集的6万人的数据，研究人员从两个方面对 参与者的饮食与理想地中海饮食的匹配程度进行了评分)” 总述研究开展的方式；第三段“Using one,those whose eating habits were the best match were 23 per cent less likely to develop dementia than those whose diets least fit the pattern (使用一种方法，饮食习惯最匹配的人患痴呆症的可能性比 饮食习惯最不匹配的人低23%)”以及第四段“The second scale used similar criteria and a close match on that was linked to a 14 per cent lower risk of dementia.(第二个量表使 用了类似的标准，与之接近的人患痴呆症的风险降低了 14%)”为第二段的分论，点，具体阐述研究过程；最后一段是 Susan Mitchell对此研究的看法。可推知，C选项最符合文 章结构。故选C。 考点9 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章通过说明蜜息是怎样发 生的以及室息可能会危及生命，呼吁照顾孩子的人学习一些 急救知识。 3 A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Take the time now to become prepared CPR and first-aid courses are a must for parent other caregivers,and babysitters.(现在花，点时间学习 CPR,急救课程是父母、照顾孩子的人和保姆所必须的。)”可 知，这篇文章是写给父母看的。故选A。 高考预测练（十六）阅读理解之猜测词义 考点1 【语篇解读】本文是说明文，介绍了中国科研团队研发的一种 新型“视觉”麦克风技术，追溯了此类技术的历史渊源，阐述了 当前方案的工作原理、实验成果、潜在应用及现存挑战。 l.D推测词义题。根据第二段中的“the team has built a device that photographs the tiny...vibrations that sound waves generate on objects(该团队制造了一种设备，可以拍摄 声波在物体上产生的微小…振动)”可知，画线词与tiny并 列，共同修饰vibrations,描述声波在物体上产生的振动的特 征。由此可推知，这种振动非常微小，是人们难以察觉的，因 此imperceptible意为“难以察觉的”，和unnoticeable意义最 为接近。故选D。 2,A主旨要义题，考查段落主旨。通读第三段可知，该段先指 出这并非首次尝试制造利用光的麦克风，随后介绍了贝尔 1880年发明的光电话及其工作原理，接着说明在现代人们尝 试模仿光电话，但存在复杂、昂贵的问题。整段内容旨在交 代“视觉麦克风”这一研究领域的历史，为后文中国团队的新 方案作铺垫。因此本段的主要功能是提供研究背景。故 选A。 3.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Unlike ordinary cameras which rely on millions of sensors,single-pixel imaging uses just one”可知，两者的核心区别是传感器数量 一普通相机 依赖数百万个传感器，而单像素成像仅使用一个传感器。故 选D。 4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段，作者先客观指出当前技术 存在的问题（工作距离仅约半米、嘈杂环境下识别围难），随 后用But转折，强调如果成功了，人们或许不仅能聆听周围 的世界，还能目睹它“说话”。由此可推知，作者对该技术的 未来前景持积极、期待的态度。故选A。 考点2 l.D词义猜测题。根据“If you want to lose weight,the key is to develop a caloric deficit in which you burn calories more than what you're consuming.(如果你想减肥，关键是要养成 热量不足的习惯，在这种情况下，你燃烧的卡路里要多于你 摄入的卡路里)”以及划线处前“But eating high calorie fatty food regularly can make this a(但是经常吃高热量、高脂肪的 食物会使这种情况发生)”but表示转折，可知，经常吃高热量 高脂肪的食物会让减肥变得很困难。画线处和D项： Challenge(挑战)含义相近。故选D。 2.A词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“Her class,which began as an elective class to give students exposure to skills that prepare them for college,has become the class on campus that creates winners.(她的课最初是一门选修课，旨 在让学生接触到为上大学做准备的技能，现在已经成为校园 里培养赢家的课程。)”和最后一段“‘I want them to just have the memory of making it through,succeeding in a place like that and expressing a story that leaves that place better'Anna sys.(安娜说：‘我希望他们能记住在这样的地方自己度过难 关，取得成功，并表达一个让那个地方变得更好的故事的记 忆。’)”由此可推断画线词that place指的是Anna上辩论课 的地方，Anne的课堂，故选A。 3.D词句猜测题。根据第二段中“1 enjoyed it,but once,I behaved differently and left home.（我很喜欢，但有一次，我 表现得不一样，离开了家)”，以及画线词的下文“my family tradition that summer(那年夏天我的家庭传统)”可推知，此 处指上文提到的作者在那年夏天没有遵循以往的家庭传统， 而是独自一人去旅行，revolt against意思应该是“反抗，不遵 循”，与disobey意思相近。故选D项。 4.D词句猜测题。根据画线词“was exercise”以及后文“The idea that health and exercise were linked wasn't the accepted fact that we know today',says Nick Wareham,a professor of epidemiology at Cambridge University.Some even felt that too much physical activity was a bad thing for your health'. Miners and farmers who did physical exercise also suffered from various diseases and died young..(剑桥大学流行病学教 授Nick Wareham表示，健康和运动有关的观，点‘在当时并不 3