专题04 阅读理解（应用文）（期中真题汇编，陕西专用）八年级英语上学期

**基本信息** 聚焦应用文阅读，涵盖旅游广告、个人成长、社会调查等真实情境，适配八年级期中检测需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（选择+补全短文）|7篇（3-4题/篇）|细节查找（如钓鱼地点、票价计算）、推理判断（如作者兴趣推断）、主旨大意（如文章出处、主题思想）|真实情境素材（如地铁信息表、阅兵诗歌）、梯度设问（基础到综合）、跨主题融合（人与社会/自我）|

专题04 阅读理解（应用文） 主题语境01 人与社会-通讯与媒体 A trip to Shandong When: April 15th~ April 21st What: ◆Weihai ★ go to Liugong Island (岛), Weihai International Beach, and Naxianghai Forest Park ★ visit a history museum, go swimming, ride near the sea, and watch a beach music show ◆Tai’an ★ go to Mount Tai and Tianyi Lake ★ go climbing and go fishing ◆Weifang ★ go to the World Kite Park and the World Kite Museum of Weifang ★ fly a kite, learn the history of the kite, and learn to make a kite Our Service (服务) ※ Five-star hotels ※ Free breakfast ※ A Chinese-speaking guide (for free) Price ※ 3,000 yuan, each person ※ Children under 5: 50% off (减价50%) ※ People over 60: 70% off (减价70%) 1.According to the text, in which place can we go fishing? A. Weihai. B. Tai’an. C. Weifang. D. A, B and C. 2.If Mrs. Sue wants to take the trip with her 4-year-old son, she should pay ________. A. 3,000 yuan B. 6,000 yuan C. 1,500 yuan D. 4,500 yuan 3.Where can we find the reading above? A. In a diary. B. On a map. C. In a storybook. D. In a travel newspaper. 主题语境02 人与自我-个人情况 （25-26八上·陕西咸阳市实验中学·期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 The Secret of Growth Last year, I experienced a magical change-growing 10cm taller! During my physical check-up, Dr. Lee pointed to a chart explaining: “Mainly between 10pm and 2am at night is the best time for teenagers to grow. 1 .” This surprised me. I used to stay up gaming until midnight while eating potato chips. Everything changed when I decided my “Growth Plan”: ☑Sleep before 10:40 pm. ☑ 2 . ☑Jump rope 15 minutes daily. 3 . Not only did I get taller, but my skin (皮肤) became clearer and softer! 4 . My math scores improved by 15% because of better sleeping. Ms. Chen, our biology teacher, explained: “growth isn’t just physical,—it’s about becoming the best of yourself.” 5 . We’ve even started a gardening club to know how plants grow well. I finally understand: growing up is like a tree needing sunlight and rain. A. Eat rich foods like eggs and fish. B. Enough sleep is very useful for your growth. C. The results surprised everyone, too. D. Now I help classmates decide growth plans. E. My voice turned deeper and lower. 主题语境01 人与社会-世界 Look! The parade (阅兵) is starting! Soldiers are standing so straight. Their steps are perfectly in line. That’s the People’s Liberation Army*. They’re marching with great energy. I feel so proud of our country. The flag is waving in the wind. The tanks (坦克) are moving slowly. Fighter jets (喷气机) are flying overhead. That plane is drawing red smoke. The music is so loud. This parade shows China’s strength. What a strong and powerful nation! I want to be a soldier one day. The uniforms look so beautiful. Cameras are flashing everywhere. People are waving national flags. It’s a historic and moving moment. Peace and strength go hand in hand. * People’s Liberation Army means “中国人民解放军” in Chinese. 1.What did the writer see in the parade according to the text? ①Soldiers. ②Tanks. ③Ships. ④Fighter jets. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 2.What does the writer want to be in the future? A. A soldier. B. A doctor. C. A teacher. D. A writer. 3.This piece of reading is a/an ________ . A. notice B. email C. poem D. story 主题语境02 人与社会-交通 （25-26八上·陕西西安碑林区交通大学附属中学·期中）Metros（地铁）in different cities Metro Beijing Metro Shanghai Metro Nanjing Metro Harbin Metro Ticket price 3 yuan 3 yuan 2 yuan 2 yuan Date of opening Jan. 15th, 1971 May 28th, 1993 May 15th, 2005 Sept. 26th, 2013 Max. passenger volume/ day（日最高客运量） 10.5 million 11.8 million 3.4 million 309 thousand Number 19 lines 14 lines 8 lines 2 lines Feature（特点） It’s easy to go everywhere in the city by metro. Metros will increase rapidly in 2050． Metros go across from the south to the north. You can take the metro every six minutes. 1.Which city has the latest metros? A. Beijing. B. Shanghai. C. Nanjing. D. Harbin. 2.How many people take metros in Shanghai every day? A. 10.5 million. B. 11.8 million. C. 3.4 million. D. 309 thousand. 3.What is the feature of the metros in Beijing? A. It runs everywhere in the city. B. It will be rebuilt in early 2050． C. It goes across to the south. D. It has the fewest lines of all. 4.What do you think the above text is? A. A time list. B. A city map. C. An information card. D. A travel guide. 主题语境03 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·陕西咸阳彩虹学校~·期中）The Little Tree By L. E. Aspire A little tree said, “I’m too small. I am not very useful at all.” The other trees are big and high. They seem to touch the sky.” “I cannot grow,” the little tree cried. “I’m too afraid to try.” But the sun said, “Little tree, be bold”! You have a story to be told.” The rain said, “We will help you ________. Just take our gift, and you will know.” So the tree drank the sun’s warm light. And fought with all its might. It grew up strong, and day by day, Its fears just went away. Now it’s a tree, so big and tall, Welcoming and giving shade to all. * The word “bold” means not afraid to say what you feel or to take risks. * * The word “shade” means an area that is dark and cool under or behind sth. 1.How did the little tree feel at the start? A. Tired. B. Angry. C. Sad. D. Excited. 2.What word is the most suitable (合适的) for “________”? A. Grow. B. Blow. C. Cover. D. Show. 3.Which of the following best describes the theme (主题思想) of the poem? A. Trees need to be protected. B. Waiting happily brings good results. C. Being safe is better than trying new things. D. Facing difficulties helps you grow stronger. 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 My Days in Nanjing Xi’an, Shaanxi→Nanjing, Jiangsu The first day Breakfast: milk and bread Lunch: rice and fish Dinner: vegetable salad Trip: Visit the Confucius Temple (夫子庙) in the morning The second day Breakfast: Xiaolongbao and vegetable soup Lunch: beef noodles and salad Dinner: hamburgers and juice Trip: Go to Nanjing Museum from 9: 00 a.m. to 11: 00 a.m. The third day Breakfast: sandwiches and milk Lunch: dumplings and vegetable soup Dinner: tomato soup and salad Trip: Go to Xianfeng Bookstore in the morning Go shopping and buy some gifts for friends in the afternoon Feeling about the trip 1.How did the writer go to Nanjing? A. By bike. B. By train. C. By plane. D. By car. 2.Why did the writer go shopping on the third afternoon? A. To buy food for dinner. B. To buy gifts for friends. C. To buy books from a bookstore. D. To buy clothes for himself. 3.We can infer (推断) ________ from the text. A. the writer dislikes eating salad B. the writer wouldn’t visit Nanjing again C. the writer stayed in Nanjing for four days D. the writer is interested in culture and reading 主题语境02 人与自我-个人情况 （25-26八上·陕西多校·期中）Kids’ World did a survey(调查) among 1,200 kids in NO.2 Middle School by asking them what jobs they want to have when they grow up. Here are the top jobs the kids want. Jobs Percent Jobs Percent 1 doctor 26% 6 policeman 8% 2 teacher 14% 7 dancer 7% 3 scientist 12% 8 cook 5% 4 businessman 11% 9 engineer 4% 5 actor/ actress 10% 10 zookeeper 3% Kids’ World also asked these kids what was the most important thing about their jobs. 65% said helping other people was the most important and 25% preferred(较喜欢) to have fun at work. Different children have different choices, but they all have to work hard for their future jobs. 1.How many students want to be engineers? A. 120. B. 96. C. 48. D. 24. 2.What do most kids care about when choosing a job? A. Their feelings. B. The meaning of jobs. C. The places of work. D. Their hobbies. 3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. There are eight jobs in the text. B. No child wants to be a zookeeper. C. Kids’ World did a survey in NO.3 Middle School. D. All of these children have to work hard for their future jobs. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（应用文） 主题语境01 人与社会-通讯与媒体 A trip to Shandong When: April 15th~ April 21st What: ◆Weihai ★ go to Liugong Island (岛), Weihai International Beach, and Naxianghai Forest Park ★ visit a history museum, go swimming, ride near the sea, and watch a beach music show ◆Tai’an ★ go to Mount Tai and Tianyi Lake ★ go climbing and go fishing ◆Weifang ★ go to the World Kite Park and the World Kite Museum of Weifang ★ fly a kite, learn the history of the kite, and learn to make a kite Our Service (服务) ※ Five-star hotels ※ Free breakfast ※ A Chinese-speaking guide (for free) Price ※ 3,000 yuan, each person ※ Children under 5: 50% off (减价50%) ※ People over 60: 70% off (减价70%) 1.According to the text, in which place can we go fishing? A. Weihai. B. Tai’an. C. Weifang. D. A, B and C. 2.If Mrs. Sue wants to take the trip with her 4-year-old son, she should pay ________. A. 3,000 yuan B. 6,000 yuan C. 1,500 yuan D. 4,500 yuan 3.Where can we find the reading above? A. In a diary. B. On a map. C. In a storybook. D. In a travel newspaper. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了山东威海、泰安和潍坊三地的旅游行程、服务及价格信息。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Tai’an”和“go to Mount Tai and Tianyi Lake”和“go climbing and go fishing”可知，在泰安可以钓鱼。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“3,000 yuan, each person”和“Children under 5: 50% off”可知，旅行价格为每人3000元，5岁以下孩子半价。苏太太想带着她四岁的儿子去旅行，苏太太需支付3000元，4岁儿子享受半价1500元，总计4500元。故选D。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了旅游行程、服务及价格，属于广告性质，最可能出现在旅游报纸中。故选D。 主题语境02 人与自我-个人情况 （25-26八上·陕西咸阳市实验中学·期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 The Secret of Growth Last year, I experienced a magical change-growing 10cm taller! During my physical check-up, Dr. Lee pointed to a chart explaining: “Mainly between 10pm and 2am at night is the best time for teenagers to grow. 1 .” This surprised me. I used to stay up gaming until midnight while eating potato chips. Everything changed when I decided my “Growth Plan”: ☑Sleep before 10:40 pm. ☑ 2 . ☑Jump rope 15 minutes daily. 3 . Not only did I get taller, but my skin (皮肤) became clearer and softer! 4 . My math scores improved by 15% because of better sleeping. Ms. Chen, our biology teacher, explained: “growth isn’t just physical,—it’s about becoming the best of yourself.” 5 . We’ve even started a gardening club to know how plants grow well. I finally understand: growing up is like a tree needing sunlight and rain. A. Eat rich foods like eggs and fish. B. Enough sleep is very useful for your growth. C. The results surprised everyone, too. D. Now I help classmates decide growth plans. E. My voice turned deeper and lower. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. E 5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲的是成长的秘密以及作者执行了“成长计划”所带来的变化。 (1)题解析： 根据“Mainly between 10pm and 2am at night is the best time for teenagers to grow.”可知此处是与睡眠有关。选项B“充足的睡眠对你的成长很有帮助。”符合语境，故选B。 (2)题解析： 根据“☑Sleep before 10:40 pm.；☑Jump rope 15 minutes daily.”可知此处是作者执行计划的要点，选项A“吃富含蛋白质的食物，如鸡蛋和鱼。”符合语境，故选A。 (3)题解析： 根据“Not only did I get taller, but my skin (皮肤) became clearer and softer!”可知此处是在表达执行的计划所带来的结果，选项C“结果也令大家惊讶。”符合语境，故选C。 (4)题解析： 根据“Not only did I get taller, but my skin (皮肤) became clearer and softer!”和“My math scores improved by 15% because of better sleeping.”可知此处是表达一系列的变化，选项E“我的声音变得更低沉了。”符合语境，故选E。 (5)题解析： 根据“We’ve even started a gardening club to know how plants grow well. I finally understand: growing up is like a tree needing sunlight and rain.”及前文可知此处表达的是作者也与其他人一起执行成长计划，选项D“现在我帮助同学决定成长计划。”符合语境，故选D。 主题语境01 人与社会-世界 Look! The parade (阅兵) is starting! Soldiers are standing so straight. Their steps are perfectly in line. That’s the People’s Liberation Army*. They’re marching with great energy. I feel so proud of our country. The flag is waving in the wind. The tanks (坦克) are moving slowly. Fighter jets (喷气机) are flying overhead. That plane is drawing red smoke. The music is so loud. This parade shows China’s strength. What a strong and powerful nation! I want to be a soldier one day. The uniforms look so beautiful. Cameras are flashing everywhere. People are waving national flags. It’s a historic and moving moment. Peace and strength go hand in hand. * People’s Liberation Army means “中国人民解放军” in Chinese. 1.What did the writer see in the parade according to the text? ①Soldiers. ②Tanks. ③Ships. ④Fighter jets. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 2.What does the writer want to be in the future? A. A soldier. B. A doctor. C. A teacher. D. A writer. 3.This piece of reading is a/an ________ . A. notice B. email C. poem D. story 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了中国在天安门广场举行的盛大阅兵式。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Soldiers are standing so straight.”“The tanks (坦克) are moving slowly.”“Fighter jets (喷气机) are flying overhead.”可知，作者在游行中看到了士兵、坦克和喷气机。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“I want to be a soldier one day.”可知，作者希望有一天能成为一名士兵。故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。本文以短句和押韵形式呈现，属于诗歌。故选C。 主题语境02 人与社会-交通 （25-26八上·陕西西安碑林区交通大学附属中学·期中）Metros（地铁）in different cities Metro Beijing Metro Shanghai Metro Nanjing Metro Harbin Metro Ticket price 3 yuan 3 yuan 2 yuan 2 yuan Date of opening Jan. 15th, 1971 May 28th, 1993 May 15th, 2005 Sept. 26th, 2013 Max. passenger volume/ day（日最高客运量） 10.5 million 11.8 million 3.4 million 309 thousand Number 19 lines 14 lines 8 lines 2 lines Feature（特点） It’s easy to go everywhere in the city by metro. Metros will increase rapidly in 2050． Metros go across from the south to the north. You can take the metro every six minutes. 1.Which city has the latest metros? A. Beijing. B. Shanghai. C. Nanjing. D. Harbin. 2.How many people take metros in Shanghai every day? A. 10.5 million. B. 11.8 million. C. 3.4 million. D. 309 thousand. 3.What is the feature of the metros in Beijing? A. It runs everywhere in the city. B. It will be rebuilt in early 2050． C. It goes across to the south. D. It has the fewest lines of all. 4.What do you think the above text is? A. A time list. B. A city map. C. An information card. D. A travel guide. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了不同城市地铁的票价、开通日期、客运量等信息。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Date of opening”可知，四座城市地铁开通时间分别为北京 1971 年、上海 1993 年、南京 2005 年、哈尔滨 2013 年，哈尔滨开通时间最晚。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Max. passenger volume/ day (日最高客运量)”所在这一栏可知，上海地铁对应的日最高客运量为 11.8 million。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“It’s easy to go everywhere in the city by metro.”可知，在北京乘坐地铁去各个地方都很方便，选项A北京的地铁可以在城市里到处运行，符合该特点。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一列和第一行信息可知，表内描述了四座城市地铁的票价、开通时间、客运量等信息，属于信息卡。故选C。 主题语境03 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·陕西咸阳彩虹学校~·期中）The Little Tree By L. E. Aspire A little tree said, “I’m too small. I am not very useful at all.” The other trees are big and high. They seem to touch the sky.” “I cannot grow,” the little tree cried. “I’m too afraid to try.” But the sun said, “Little tree, be bold”! You have a story to be told.” The rain said, “We will help you ________. Just take our gift, and you will know.” So the tree drank the sun’s warm light. And fought with all its might. It grew up strong, and day by day, Its fears just went away. Now it’s a tree, so big and tall, Welcoming and giving shade to all. * The word “bold” means not afraid to say what you feel or to take risks. * * The word “shade” means an area that is dark and cool under or behind sth. 1.How did the little tree feel at the start? A. Tired. B. Angry. C. Sad. D. Excited. 2.What word is the most suitable (合适的) for “________”? A. Grow. B. Blow. C. Cover. D. Show. 3.Which of the following best describes the theme (主题思想) of the poem? A. Trees need to be protected. B. Waiting happily brings good results. C. Being safe is better than trying new things. D. Facing difficulties helps you grow stronger. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一首诗歌，讲述了一棵小树因害怕成长而自卑，但在阳光和雨水的鼓励下勇敢成长，最终成为高大树木的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“A little tree said, ‘I’m too small”、“I am not very useful at all.”、“‘I cannot grow,’ the little tree cried.”和“I’m too afraid to try.”可知，小树认为自己太小，没有用，长不大。由此可知，小树起初感到自卑和悲伤。故选C。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“I cannot grow”、“Just take our gift, and you will know.”和“It grew up strong, and day by day”可知，小树听从雨水的话，接受太阳和雨水的礼物后长大了，说明太阳和雨水会帮助小树成长。故选A。 (3)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文通过小树从害怕成长到勇敢面对困难并最终长成大树的过程，传递了“克服困难使人更强大”的主题。选项D“面对困难能让你变得更坚强”符合主题思想。故选D。 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 My Days in Nanjing Xi’an, Shaanxi→Nanjing, Jiangsu The first day Breakfast: milk and bread Lunch: rice and fish Dinner: vegetable salad Trip: Visit the Confucius Temple (夫子庙) in the morning The second day Breakfast: Xiaolongbao and vegetable soup Lunch: beef noodles and salad Dinner: hamburgers and juice Trip: Go to Nanjing Museum from 9: 00 a.m. to 11: 00 a.m. The third day Breakfast: sandwiches and milk Lunch: dumplings and vegetable soup Dinner: tomato soup and salad Trip: Go to Xianfeng Bookstore in the morning Go shopping and buy some gifts for friends in the afternoon Feeling about the trip 1.How did the writer go to Nanjing? A. By bike. B. By train. C. By plane. D. By car. 2.Why did the writer go shopping on the third afternoon? A. To buy food for dinner. B. To buy gifts for friends. C. To buy books from a bookstore. D. To buy clothes for himself. 3.We can infer (推断) ________ from the text. A. the writer dislikes eating salad B. the writer wouldn’t visit Nanjing again C. the writer stayed in Nanjing for four days D. the writer is interested in culture and reading 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要记录了作者从西安到南京的三日旅行经历，包括每日的餐饮和行程安排。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Xi’an, Shaanxi→Nanjing, Jiangsu”以及火车的图片可知，作者乘坐火车去的南京。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Go shopping and buy some gifts for friends in the afternoon”可知，作者第三天下午购物是为了给朋友买礼物。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Visit the Confucius Temple in the morning”、“Go to Nanjing Museum”和“Go to Xianfeng Bookstore in the morning”可知，作者参观了夫子庙、南京博物馆和先锋书店等，可推断作者对文化和阅读有兴趣。故选D。 主题语境02 人与自我-个人情况 （25-26八上·陕西多校·期中）Kids’ World did a survey(调查) among 1,200 kids in NO.2 Middle School by asking them what jobs they want to have when they grow up. Here are the top jobs the kids want. Jobs Percent Jobs Percent 1 doctor 26% 6 policeman 8% 2 teacher 14% 7 dancer 7% 3 scientist 12% 8 cook 5% 4 businessman 11% 9 engineer 4% 5 actor/ actress 10% 10 zookeeper 3% Kids’ World also asked these kids what was the most important thing about their jobs. 65% said helping other people was the most important and 25% preferred(较喜欢) to have fun at work. Different children have different choices, but they all have to work hard for their future jobs. 1.How many students want to be engineers? A. 120. B. 96. C. 48. D. 24. 2.What do most kids care about when choosing a job? A. Their feelings. B. The meaning of jobs. C. The places of work. D. Their hobbies. 3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. There are eight jobs in the text. B. No child wants to be a zookeeper. C. Kids’ World did a survey in NO.3 Middle School. D. All of these children have to work hard for their future jobs. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. D 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了对第二中学1200名孩子关于长大后想从事职业的调查结果，包括热门职业的比例，以及孩子们对工作最重要因素的看法。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据调查总人数是1200名孩子，工程师的比例是4%，计算可得1200×4%=48。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“65% said helping other people was the most important”可知，大多数孩子在选择工作时关注工作的意义（帮助他人）。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Different children have different choices, but they all have to work hard for their future jobs.”可知，所有这些孩子都必须为他们未来的工作努力。A选项文中有10种职业，并非8种；B选项有3%的孩子想当动物园管理员，并非没人想当；C选项调查是在第二中学进行的，并非第三中学。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题04阅读理解（应用文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-通讯与媒体 【答案】1.B2.D3.D 主题语境02人与自我-个人情况 【答案】1.B 2.A3.C 4.E 5.D 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-世界 【答案】1.B2.A3.C 主题语境02人与社会-交通 【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.C 主题语境03人与自我-方法与哲理 【答案】1.C2.A3.D 拓展培优 主题语境01人与社会-旅游 【答案】1.B2.B3.D 主题语境02人与自我-个人情况 112 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 【答案】1.C2.B3.D 212