专题06 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，吉林专用）八年级英语上学期

**基本信息** 聚焦八年级上册期中英语说明文阅读，涵盖人与社会（如劳动教育、文化差异）、人与自我（如个人兴趣、健康）、人与自然（如动物睡眠、植物声音）等主题，通过真实跨文化情境与梯度设问提升语言综合运用能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇5题，共12篇60题|细节理解（如日本学生容貌焦虑）、词义猜测（如“anxious”“hollow”）、主旨大意（如文章主要内容）、推理判断（如结构分析）|情境具时代性（社交媒体影响、AI识别植物声音）；问题分层（基础题到篇章结构题）；学科特色突出（跨文化对比、科普知识融入）|

可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题06阅读理解（说明文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-社会 【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A 主题语境02人与自我-个人兴趣 【答案】1.C2.C3.C4.B5.B 主题语境03人与自我-健康 【答案】1.C2.A3.B4D5.A 主题语境04人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.B5,C Passage 2 【答案】1.C2.C3.B4.D5.C 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-人际交往 【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A 主题语境02人与社会-文化 【答案】1.D2.B3.A4C5.A 1/3 可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境03人与社会-旅游 【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.D5.A 主题语境04人与社会-社会 【答案】1.D2.D3.B4.C5.A 主题语境05人与社会-艺术 【答案】1.A2.A3.C4.D5.B 主题语境06人与自我-方法与哲理 【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.C5.B 主题语境07人与自然-动物与植物 【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.A5.C 主题语境08人与自然-自然 【答案】1.D2.A3.D4.B5.C 拓展培优 主题语境01人与社会-文化 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.D5.A 主题语境02人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 【答案】1.B2.A3.C4B5.D 主题语境03人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 213 学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 【答案】1.D2.C3.B4.D5.B Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.B5.D 3/3 专题06 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·吉林长春汽车经济技术开发区·期中）Do students in your country worry about how they look? What makes them feel this way? What do you think about it? Many Japanese high school students feel worried about how they look. In Japan, people are usually shyer and quieter than people in Western countries. This can make students less confident (自信的). For example, most of my classmates usually wear their masks. They feel anxious about showing their faces. I think it’s important to stay healthy and be happy with how you look. Ai Akasaki, 16, Japan At my school, not many people worry about how they look. The main reason for this worry is feeling unsure about how they look. Some people think only “good-looking” people have friends. But in Singapore, we have people from many different cultures, so there are many different ideas of beauty. People won’t stop being your friend just because of your look. In Singapore, people care more about your personality than your appearance. Huang Luofei, 13, Singapore In Sweden (瑞典), many students worry about how they look, and social media is a big reason. The pictures we see online often show people who look perfect, and this makes us feel like we need to look the same. Students compare themselves with the people in these pictures and feel anxious. I think this problem is about how people think about beauty. We need more real and different kinds of beauty in the media to help students feel less pressure (压力). Folke Borgstrom, 18, Sweden 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.How do Japanese students feel about their appearance? A. Happy. B. Worried. C. Relaxed. D. Excited. 2.In Singapore, what kind of people will have more friends? A. People who look very beautiful. B. People who work very well. C. People who have a good personality. D. People who have a good family. 3.What do social media make people online do according to the material? A. Look even more perfect. B. Become more famous. C. Become much richer. D. Get much happier. 4.What does the underlined word “anxious” mean in the first box? A. confident B. beautiful C. happy D. nervous 5.What’s the material mainly about? A. How students feel about how they look. B. What helps students feel less pressure. C. Who students can make friends with. D. Who cares more about your personality. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. A　4. D　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文主要探讨了不同国家（日本、新加坡、瑞典）的学生对自己外貌的看法及其影响因素。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Many Japanese high school students feel worried about how they look.”可知，许多日本高中生对自己的外表感到担忧，因此日本学生对自己的外表感觉是“Worried（担忧的）”。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“In Singapore, people care more about your personality than your appearance.”可知，在新加坡，人们更关心你的个性而不是外表，所以在新加坡，拥有好个性的人会有更多朋友。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The pictures we see online often show people who look perfect, and this makes us feel like we need to look the same.”可知，我们在网上看到的图片经常展示看起来完美的人，这让我们觉得自己也需要看起来一样，因此社交媒体让人们在网上看起来更加完美。故选A。 (4)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“They feel anxious about showing their faces.”可知，他们对自己的面容感到“anxious”，结合前文提到他们通常戴口罩，可以推断出“anxious”在这里的意思是“紧张的，担忧的”，与“nervous”意思相近。故选D。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，文章主要讨论了不同国家的学生对自己外表的看法和担忧，包括日本、新加坡和瑞典的学生的观点和态度。因此，文章的主要内容是关于“学生们如何看待自己的外表”。故选A。 主题语境02 人与自我-个人兴趣 （25-26八上·吉林长春朝阳·期中）Finding Penfriends My name is Han Lin. I was born in Changchun. It is a beautiful city. I have a lot of interests, but I am especially interested in history. In my free time, I like singing, playing the violin and reading books. I also like traveling. I enjoy learning about different cultures. I would love to find a penfriend who shares similar interests. I don’t mind where he or she lives. I would hope to communicate as often as possible. Hi, my name is Edward. I live in central London and I love my neighborhood. I am an outgoing boy. I enjoy learning new things. I like reading books, especially novels. My favorite novel is Journey to the West. I also like doing sports. I would love to meet someone to whom I can write regularly. I am trying to improve my Chinese, so I would love to meet someone from China. I plan to travel to China sometime, so it would be great to have a friend to meet up with. I’m Rose. I live in Scotland and I go to a small school. Life here is usually boring, but we have colorful scenery in the autumn. It is exciting and fantastic! I live with my parents and my dog. I am the only child in my family, but I have a lot of cousins. I really like writing and drawing, and I also enjoy movies, especially action movies. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.Han Lin likes ________ in his spare time. ①singing ②playing the violin ③reading books ④doing sports A. ① B. ①② C. ①②③ D. ①②③④ 2.Edward wants to find a penfriend from China because he ________. A. lives in central London B. wants to share sports skills C. hopes to get better at Chinese D. likes reading novels very much 3.Rose thinks ________ is exciting. A. studying in a small school B. playing with many cousins C. the autumn scenery in her hometown D. living with her parents and her dog 4.Han Lin, Edward and Rose all hope to ________. A. improve their language skills B. find a penfriend C. share their travel experiences D. introduce their hometowns 5.The purpose (目的) of this passage is ________. A. to share ways to develop hobbies B. to help three people find penfriends C. to share stories from three people’s lives D. to introduce different cities around the world 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. C　4. B　5. B 【解析】【导语】 本文以“寻找笔友”为主题，分别介绍了Han Lin、Edward和Rose三人的基本信息。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“In my free time, I like singing, playing the violin and reading books.”可知，在空闲时间，他喜欢唱歌、拉小提琴和看书。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“I am trying to improve my Chinese, so I would love to meet someone from China.”可知，Edward想找一个来自中国的笔友，因为他希望在中文方面取得进步。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Life here is usually boring, but we have colorful scenery in the autumn. It is exciting and fantastic!”可知，Rose认为她家乡秋天的景色令人兴奋。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Finding Penfriends”和“I would love to find a penfriend who shares similar interests.”以及“I would love to meet someone to whom I can write regularly.”可推断出，三人都希望找笔友。故选B。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文以“寻找笔友”为主题，分别介绍了Han Lin、Edward和Rose三人的基本信息，并表达了他们希望找到兴趣相投的笔友、保持常沟通的愿望，由此推知，本文的目的是帮助三人找到笔友。故选B。 主题语境03 人与自我-健康 （25-26八上·吉林长春净月·期中）①A lot of people play sports, but very few people become sports players. If sports aren’t going to be your future, then why should you play them? Why should you practise every day? Wouldn’t it be better to only focus on your lessons? Well, there are a lot of reasons to play sports. ②First of all, sports are a great way to exercise. Exercising keeps you healthy and strong. When you exercise, your body makes endorphins (安多芬). They give you more energy and make you feel happier. ③Also, sports teach young people how to work as a team. They teach young people to respect their teachers, friends and players from the other team. Many studies say if a young person plays sports, he or she may have fewer problems. This is because sports teach people about rules. They also teach people that if they work hard, they might succeed. ④Another benefit of sports is that they make people leave their houses. These days, a lot of people spend too much time watching television and playing video games. When you play sports, you go outside and exercise in the sun. You take a breath of clean air. All of these things are important. ⑤Maybe you’re not going to become a sports player, but that doesn’t matter. Sports will help you become a better and happier person. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.What’s the purpose (目的) of Paragraph 1? A. To tell a story. B. To ask for advice. C. To introduce (引出) the reasons to play sports. D. To give an example. 2.Which of the following is True about sports according to the passage? A. Sports can bring people happiness and health. B. When doing sports, we should only respect players from the other team. C. If young people do more sports, they will have more problems. D. When endorphins are made in our body, we will get angry easily. 3.What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Reports. B. Sports. C. Problems. D. Rules. 4.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 5.What does the passage mainly tell us? A. Sports are good for people. B. Sports make people go outside. C. Sports are just for sports players. D. Sports teach people to work hard. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. B　4. D　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文主要阐述了即使不打算成为专业运动员，人们也应该参与运动的多重益处，包括保持健康快乐、培养团队合作与规则意识、帮助人们走出家门远离电子产品，最终强调运动能让人成为更优秀、更快乐的人。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“A lot of people play sports, but very few people become sports players. If sports aren’t going to be your future, then why should you play them? Why should you practise every day? Wouldn’t it be better to only focus on your lessons?”可知，第一段通过连续提问引发读者思考，最后用“Well, there are a lot of reasons to play sports.”点明核心——引出“运动的理由”。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Exercising keeps you healthy and strong.”及“They give you more energy and make you feel happier.”可知，运动让你健康强壮，让你快乐。故选A。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“This is because sports teach people about rules. They also teach people that if they work hard, they might succeed.”可知，这是因为运动能让人们了解规则，还能教会人们如果努力付出，就可能获得成功，因此此处They指sports。故选B。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。根据文章可知，第一段总起，通过提问引出“运动有很多理由”的核心话题；第二至四段分述：分别列出运动的三个好处；第五段总结强调即使不打算成为运动员，运动也能让人变得更好、更快乐，对应D项。故选D。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据文章可知，全文围绕运动的好处展开。故选A。 主题语境04 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·吉林长春朝阳·期中） ①Llamas are interesting animals from South America. They are similar to alpacas and belong to the camel family (骆驼科). They are not only famous for their special looks but also for their calm (镇静的) personality and how useful (有用的) they are to people. ②Llamas look similar to alpacas, but you can tell them apart by looking at three things. Llamas have longer ears, longer faces, and are often bigger and taller. ③Llamas have some special habits. They like to stay together in groups and communicate with each other by humming (发出连续而低沉的声音). If they get angry, they may spit (吐口水), but they mostly do this to other llamas, not to people. ④With long necks and big eyes, llamas are very curious. Because of this, they like to watch what is happening around them and are not usually afraid of people. Although they can spit when angry, they are usually very calm and friendly animals. ⑤These wonderful personality traits make llamas very useful to people. For example, their calmness helps people feel better, their friendliness makes them good guards (看守) for farms, and their strength lets them carry heavy things. ⑥ In short, the llama is a wonderful animal. Its special appearance, friendly nature, and many uses make it a great friend to both animals and humans. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.What does the underlined phrase “tell them apart” mean in paragraph 2? A. 描述它们 B. 区分它们 C. 面对它们 D. 照顾它们 2.The author compares the ________ of alpacas and llamas to help readers learn about them. ①ears ②faces ③sizes ④colors A. ①② B. ③④ C. ①②③ D. ①③④ 3.Why do llamas spit? A. To show they are happy. B. To clean their mouths. C. To get water from others. D. To show they are angry. 4.Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? A. ①/②③/④⑤/⑥ B. ①/②③④⑤/⑥ C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥ D. ①②③/④⑤/⑥ 5.What is the writer trying to do in the passage? A. To show that llamas are better than alpacas. B. To explain why farmers should keep llamas. C. To tell us some interesting facts about llamas. D. To teach people how to make friends with llamas. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. D　4. B　5. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了来自南美洲的大羊驼。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Llamas look similar to alpacas, but you can tell them apart by looking at three things”可知，大羊驼和羊驼外形相似，但可通过三点区分，“tell them apart”意为“区分它们”。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Llamas have longer ears, longer faces, and are often bigger and taller”可知，作者通过耳朵、脸和体型大小对比大羊驼和羊驼，未提及颜色。①②③符合题意，故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“If they get angry, they may spit”可知，大羊驼吐口水是为了表示愤怒。故选D。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。文章结构为：①总述大羊驼的产地、类别及核心特点→②③④⑤分别介绍大羊驼与羊驼的区别、习性、性格及对人类的用处→⑥总结大羊驼的价值。对应结构①/②③④⑤/⑥，故选B。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章围绕大羊驼的外形、习性、性格和用途展开，核心是介绍关于大羊驼的有趣事实。故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·吉林长春第二实验学校南湖校区·期中）Once there were many thousands of Gourma Desert (沙漠) elephants in Mali, a country in West Africa. Now there are fewer than four hundred. Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly? On the one hand, the elephants’ main lake, their only water source (来源) dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans. To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water. As a result, the situation became better and there was more food, forest and grassland. However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching and illegal (非法的) trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2025.” said a member of MEP. Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations have joined together to educate the local people that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants, one of the wildlife treasures in the world. 1.How many reasons are mentioned for the drop in the number of the elephants? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 2.Why was MEP started? A. To stop the main lake from drying up. B. To make rules of using land and water. C. To protect the elephants’ living environment. D. To stop humans from overusing the land which the elephants lived on. 3.What does the underlined word “poaching” mean in Chinese? A. 繁殖 B. 偷猎 C. 保护 D. 喂养 4.What can we infer (推断)from paragraph 4? A. Trading elephants is allowed. B. The number of elephants has increased. C. There was little elephant poaching from 2012 to 2016. D. The situation will be worse unless humans stop killing elephants. 5.What’s the passage mainly about? A. The education of the local people. B. The work of Mali Elephant project. C. The situation of Gourma Desert elephants. D. The reason why the number of the elephants dropped. 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. B　4. D　5. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了古尔玛沙漠大象快速减少的原因以及人们采取的保护措施。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“On the one hand, the elephants’ main lake, their only water source (来源) dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans.”和“However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching and illegal (非法的)trade in the elephants increased rapidly.”可知，大象减少的原因有三个，水源干涸、土地被人类过度使用和非法偷猎交易。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007.”可知，MEP成立的目的是为了保护大象的生存环境。故选C。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching and illegal (非法的) trade in the elephants increased rapidly.”和“Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016”可知，poaching和“非法的”是并列关系，且导致了大象的减少，因此推测poaching意为“偷猎”。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching and illegal (非法的)trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016. ‘If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2025.’ said a member of MEP.”可知，如果人们继续偷猎古尔玛沙漠的大象，这些大象将于2025年灭绝。除非人们停止猎杀大象，否则情况会更糟糕。故选D。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲述古尔玛沙漠大象的现状以及人们为了拯救大象而采取的保护措施等等。因此，这篇文章主要是关于古尔玛沙漠象的情况。故选C。 主题语境01 人与社会-人际交往 （25-26八上·吉林松原前郭·期中）Do you have any good friends? Do you know what friendship is? Let’s learn something about friends and friendships together. How to be a good friend? Being a good listener makes your friends feel they are important. Find out your friends’ good points (特点) and tell them openly. It will help your friends become more confident. As you grow, your hobbies may become different from those of your friends, and you may have new friends. But you should not forget your old friends. Why are friendships important? Friends can help you stay away from loneliness (孤独). And making friends from different places helps you to learn about different cultures. How to solve problems between your friends and you? It is important for you and your friends to work out a problem together and talk about your feelings. If both of you are angry, it may be better to talk about the problem when both of you are calm (冷静的). 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1.How can people be good friends according to the text? ①By having similar hobbies. ②By listening to friends carefully. ③By finding out friends’ good points. ④By working together with friends all the time. A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ①④ 2.What does the underlined word “confident” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Being honest with others. B. Being lucky to finish something. C. Feeling sure about your own ability. D. Feeling happy to do something. 3.How many benefits (益处) can friendships bring to us? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 4.If your friend is very angry, what should you do? A. Tell him or her your feelings. B. Ask others for help. C. Point out his or her problems right away. D. Talk with him or her when you are calm. 5.What’s the structure of the text? (P1= Paragraph 1…) A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. A　4. D　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了朋友与友谊的相关内容，包括如何成为好朋友、友谊的重要性以及如何解决朋友间的问题。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Being a good listener makes your friends feel they are important. Find out your friends’ good points (特点) and tell them openly.”可知，成为好朋友的方式包括“认真倾听朋友说话”和“发现朋友的优点”。故选B。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Find out your friends’ good points (特点) and tell them openly. It will help your friends become more confident.”可知，公开告诉朋友他们的优点，会帮助朋友对自己更有信心，选项C“对自己的能力感到自信”符合confident的含义。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Friends can help you stay away from loneliness (孤独). And making friends from different places helps you to learn about different cultures.”可知，友谊带来的益处有两点：帮助远离孤独、了解不同文化。故选A。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“If both of you are angry, it may be better to talk about the problem when both of you are calm”可知，当朋友非常生气时，应在双方都冷静的时候再沟通。故选D。 (5)题解析： 篇章结构题。第一段引出主题“介绍朋友和友谊的一些事情”；第二段介绍如何成为好朋友；第三段讲述友谊的重要性；第四段介绍如何解决与朋友之间的问题。因此文章是总分结构。故选A。 主题语境02 人与社会-文化 （25-26八上·吉林长春九台·期中）Do you have any foreign friends? Do you know their characteristics (特征)? The Germans are very quiet and they always keep calm. They don’t like to speak more words. They look very serious. They like different kinds of amusements. The Germans are very hard-working. They like tidiness, especially the women. They always keep their home clean. In some ways, the Englishmen look the same as the Germans. They are very quiet and never talk too much with strangers. They are really polite, so we often hear they say “Thank you” or “Sorry”. The Frenchmen’s holidays are very long. They like traveling and usually spend their longtime staying in other countries. The Frenchmen are more outgoing than the Germans. It is very easy to make friends with them. Compared to the Frenchmen, the Americans are more outgoing. And they are even more outgoing than all of the Europeans. They don’t like to depend on (依靠) others. So it is very common that the students do part-time jobs in their free time. And in Americans’ eyes, success is an important part in their life. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.According to the passage, ________ are very quiet. A. only the Germans B. only the Englishmen C. only the Frenchmen D. both the Germans and the Englishmen 2.What can we learn about the Frenchmen from the passage? A. They are more outgoing than the Americans. B. It is very easy to make friends with them. C. They like traveling in their own country. D. They look serious and are always hard-working. 3.What is the best structure of the passage (Pl=Paragraph 1…)? A. B. C. D. 4.Which is the best title of the passage? A. Foreigners’ hobbies B. Who are more outgoing C. Characteristics of the foreigners D. Success is an important part in Americans’ life 5.How do Americans think about success in their life? A. It is important. B. It’s necessary. C. It’s meaningful. D. It’s serious. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. A　4. C　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了外国友人的性格特征等。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The Germans are very quiet and they always keep calm.”和“In some ways, the Englishmen look the same as the Germans. They are very quiet and never talk too much with strangers.”可知，德国人和英国人都是安静的人。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The Frenchmen’s holidays are very long.…It is very easy to make friends with them.”可知，要和法国人交朋友是很容易的。故选B。 (3)题解析： 篇章结构题。文章第一段以提问方式引出文章主题“谈论外国朋友的特征”，第二至五段分别介绍了德国人、英国人、法国人和美国人各自的性格特征，因此文章采用“总——分”结构。故选A。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。根据“Do you have any foreign friends? Do you know their characteristics (特征)?”可知，文章主要谈论了外国友人们的性格特征等。选项C“外国人的特征”作为标题最为合适。故选C。 (5)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“And in Americans’ eyes, success is an important part in their life.”可知，美国人认为成功是人生的重要部分。故选A。 主题语境03 人与社会-旅游 （25-26八上·吉林长春南关·期中）①Planning a holiday can be fun if you follow these simple steps. It will help you have a relaxing and enjoyable time. ②First, decide on a place. Think about what you want to do—do you want to visit ancient buildings, go to the mountains, or relax by the sea? Ask your family or friends for ideas. Make sure the place fits your budget. Check the weather of the place you want to visit. For example, if you want to go to the mountains, choose warm and sunny days. Also, think about your school or work routine—don’t plan during busy times. ③Then, book tickets (票) and hotels. Buy train or plane tickets early in order to get good prices. Book a hotel in advance (提前), especially if you’re traveling during holidays. Read opinions from other visitors to choose a good place to stay. ④Next, make a packing list and plan daily activities. Write down the things you need to take-clothes, shoes, a passport, medicine, and a camera. Don’t forget to pack a jacket if the weather is cool. List the places you want to visit each day. Don’t plan too many things-leave some time to relax. ⑤Follow these steps, and you will have a wonderful holiday! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.What is the first step to plan a holiday? A. Book tickets. B. Decide on a place. C. Make a packing list. D. Plan daily activities. 2.If you want to go to the mountains, what kind of weather should you choose? A. Rainy and cold. B. Cool and wet. C. Cold and snowy. D. Warm and sunny. 3.Why should we buy train or plane tickets early? A. To choose the best landscape to visit. B. To have a good place to stay. C. To get good prices. D. To leave some time to relax. 4.What is the best structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 5.Which is the best title of the passage? A. Plan a Wonderful Holiday B. Have a Relaxing and Enjoyable Time C. Choose the Best Place to Visit D. Enjoy Happy Time With Your Family 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. C　4. D　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了如何通过三个简单步骤来规划一个轻松愉快的假期。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段 “First, decide on a place.” 可知，规划假期的第一步是确定目的地，故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段 “if you want to go to the mountains, choose warm and sunny days” 可知，去山区应选择温暖晴朗的天气，故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段 “Buy train or plane tickets early in order to get good prices.” 可知，提前购买火车票或飞机票是为了获得优惠价格，故选C。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段总述 “遵循简单步骤规划假期会很有趣”，第二至四段分别介绍 “确定目的地、预订票务酒店、列打包清单和规划日常活动” 三个具体步骤，第五段总结遵循步骤能拥有美好假期，整体为 “总-分-总” 结构，故选D。 (5)题解析： 最佳标题题。根据“Planning a holiday can be fun if you follow these simple steps. It will help you have a relaxing and enjoyable time.”及通读全文可知，本文介绍了如何通过三个简单步骤来规划一个轻松愉快的假期，故选A。 主题语境04 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·吉林昌邑·期中）Labor education in China: According to the new standard for labor education (劳动教育标准) by China’s Ministry of Education, middle school students need to learn the following skills: ▲Clean up their rooms and classrooms. ▲Pick clothes for travel and pack a bag. ▲Make a healthy eating plan. ▲Cook three or four dishes. ▲Fix (修理) some things like TVs or lights. ▲Take part in activities such as planting and fishing. ▲Learn one or two kinds of traditional art such as paper-cutting. ▲Do one or two kinds of volunteer work like helping in the old people’s home. Labor education out of China: Many countries start students’ labor education at a young age. Finland begins to train students’ life skills in primary (小学) school. Students can have many classes like cooking, tree planting, etc. In Germany (德国), students have two labor classes every week. Teachers will give lessons about job finding, housekeeping and farming. Benefits (好处) of labor education: * More self-control (自控力) * More confidence (信心) * Better results at school * Greater happiness 1.How many skills do middle school students need to learn in China? A. 5. B. 6. C. 7. D. 8. 2.In China, middle school students don’t need to learn to ________. A. clean rooms B. pack bags C. fix lights D. find jobs 3.What can we learn from the material (材料)? A. Students in China should make a healthy dish every day. B. Students from Finland learn life skills when they are in primary school. C. Students from Germany have labor education twice a month. D. Students’ greater happiness may come from getting better grades. 4.The writer mainly wants to tell us ________. A. the different ways of housework B. the labor education out of China C. the importance of labor education D. the benefits of doing homework 5.You can most probably read the passage in a ________. A. newspaper B. diary C. notice D. storybook 【答案】1. D　2. D　3. B　4. C　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的劳动教育标准，包括中学生需要学习的技能，其他国家的劳动教育情况，以及劳动教育的好处。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据表格可知，这里列出了中国中学生需要学习的技能，包括：清洁房间和教室、挑选旅行衣服和打包行李、制定健康饮食计划、烹饪三四道菜、修理电视或灯等、参与种植和钓鱼等活动、学习剪纸等传统艺术、在养老院等做志愿者工作。共8项技能。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章中提到的技能列表，包括打扫房间、打包行李、修理东西等，但并未提到找工作这一技能。因此，在中国，中学生不需要学习找工作。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章中“Many countries start students’ labor education at a young age. Finland begins to train students’ life skills in primary (小学) school.”可知，芬兰的学生在小学时就开始学习生活技能。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了劳动教育的重要性，包括中国和其他国家的劳动教育情况，以及劳动教育带来的好处。因此，作者主要想告诉我们的是劳动教育的重要性。故选C。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。文章是一篇介绍劳动教育的说明文，内容客观、信息丰富，适合出现在报纸上。因此，最有可能在报纸上读到这篇文章。故选A。 主题语境05 人与社会-艺术 （25-26八上·吉林蛟河·期中）①There are 56 ethnic (民族的) groups in China. Different ethnic groups have their own special cultures. Let’s enjoy some of them. ②The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes. Tie-dye has a history of nearly 1,500 years. During the Tang and Song dynasties (朝代), people chose tie-dyed clothes as gifts. ③The Mongolian people live in the Mongolian yurts (蒙古包). These yurts are large round tents and their tops look like umbrellas. They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people. The yurts are usually white because they’re made of sheep’s wool (羊毛). And white is a symbol of happiness. ④The Zhuang people like singing more than talking. On the third day of the third Chinese lunar (阴历的) month, they hold a big singing festival. It is thrilling and wonderful. Men and women singers sing in pairs. The winners are the “king” and “queen” of singing. ⑤The Miao people have a special festival, Manghao Festival. It’s in the first Chinese lunar month every year. The Miao people think Manghao is a hero for them. At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch (触摸) others to send good wishes. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.Who uses tie-dye to dye clothes most? A. The Bai people. B. The Mongolian people. C. The Miao people. D. The Zhuang people. 2.What’s the Mongolian yurt? A. A traditional home. B. A big festival. C. A special song. D. A good wish. 3.What does the underlined word “thrilling” mean in Paragraph 4? A. Noisy. B. Slow. C. Exciting. D. Easy. 4.How do people celebrate (庆祝) Manghao Festival? A. By choosing tie-dyed clothes as gifts. B. By building tents. C. By singing songs. D. By dressing up and touching others. 5.Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2...) A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. A　2. A　3. C　4. D　5. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国不同民族的特色，包括蒙古族的蒙古包、白族的扎染技艺、壮族的歌唱节日以及苗族的芒篙节等，展现了各民族丰富多彩的文化传统。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes.”可知，白族人最常使用扎染来染衣服。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people.”可知，蒙古包是蒙古族人的传统住所。故选A。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“It is thrilling and wonderful. Men and women singers sing in pairs. The winners are the ‘king’ and ‘queen’ of singing.”可知，这个歌唱节既令人兴奋又精彩，因此“thrilling”意为“令人兴奋的”。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch (触摸) others to send good wishes.”可知，人们通过装扮成芒篙并触摸他人来庆祝芒篙节。故选D。 (5)题解析： 篇章结构题。文章第一段总述中国有56个民族，不同民族有自己的特色；第二、三、四、五段分别介绍了白族、蒙古族、壮族和苗族的特色，因此文章结构为①/②③④⑤。结合选项可知，B选项（①/②③④⑤）符合文章结构。故选B。 主题语境06 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·吉林松原前郭尔罗斯蒙古自治县三校·期中）It’s important for us to have a good character. Do you know how to develop it? Here is some advice to help you. Be honest People with a good character do not lie. They always tell the truth and keep their promises. For example, if a teenager promises his parents that he will go back home on time and he keeps his word, his parents will trust him next time. Be responsible (负责的) Being responsible means being pleased to take on duties. It also means being willing to accept the mistakes you have made. A responsible person dares to accept the results of his or her actions and decisions, whether they are good or bad. Be caring Being caring means treating others with care and kindness. Caring people are kind and they care about the feelings of others. Try to help others who are in trouble when you can. Show your care to those in need. Listen to a friend when he or she needs you. Be respectful If you want others to accept your ideas, it will be important to learn how to listen to others’ ideas, as everyone has their own thoughts. Respect others as you would like to be treated. Keep smiling while listening to others’ ideas. 根据以上内容，选择正确答案。 1.What does the writer think of having a good character? A. Interesting. B. Important. C. Difficult. D. Boring. 2.Which of the following means being responsible according to the text? A. Listening to others’ ideas. B. Keeping your promises. C. Helping others when you can. D. Accepting your own mistakes. 3.What should you do when listening to others’ ideas according to the text? A. Keep smiling. B. Show your care. C. Accept their ideas. D. Express your ideas. 4.What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A. To tell us the ways to make friends. B. To ask us to learn from those who have a good character. C. To show the ways to develop a good character. D. To talk about the meaning of developing a good character. 5.On which website can we most probably read this text? A. www.relationship.com/parentsandchildren/ B. www.happykids.com/healthygrowth/ C. www.newworld.com/differentnews/ D. www.studentslife.com/howtoachievegoals/ 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. A　4. C　5. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述拥有良好品格十分重要，并从诚实、负责、关爱他人、懂得尊重四个方面给出培养良好品格的方法建议。 (1)题解析： 第一段首句点明观点：“It’s important for us to have a good character.”，直接表明作者认为拥有良好品格是很重要的。 (2)题解析： 表格中“Be responsible”板块说明：“It also means being willing to accept the mistakes you have made.”，这句话指出有责任心意味着愿意接受自己犯下的错误。 (3)题解析： 表格中“Be respectful”板块末尾提到：“Keep smiling while listening to others’ ideas.”，说明倾听他人想法时应该保持微笑。 (4)题解析： 第一段提出问题“Do you know how to develop it? Here is some advice to help you.”，后文分四点给出培养好品格的建议，作者写作目的是介绍培养良好品格的方法。 (5)题解析： 全文面向青少年介绍塑造优秀品格的成长建议，内容和青少年身心健康成长相关；选项B网址happykids.com/healthygrowth/意为快乐孩子・健康成长，和文章主题匹配度最高。 主题语境07 人与自然-动物与植物 （25-26八上·吉林松花江中学·期中） Almost all animals need to sleep to stay healthy. But sleeping can be dangerous because other animals may hunt sleeping animals. To help them stay safe, animals have many different ways of sleeping. Some of these ways may surprise you! Some seabirds can sleep while they fly. These large birds spend most of their lives over the ocean. They are in danger on the water, but they are safe in the air. They glide (滑行) for many hours without moving their wings up and down. Sometimes they sleep while they glide. A dolphin sleeps with just half its brain at a time. It must stay awake to breathe and to watch for danger. Dolphins can swim without sleep for two months to stay safe. Ducks sleep with just half their brains, too. These ducks often sleep in a line. The ducks at both ends help keep the group safe. They keep one eye open to watch for danger. The ducks in the middle sleep with both eyes closed. Seals breathe air, but that doesn’t stop them from sleeping underwater. They hold their breath and dive deep to sleep for up to twenty minutes at a time. Some fish make their own sleeping bags. They make a big bubble and sleep inside it. It also keeps other animals from smelling them. If an animal hits the bubble, the fish swims away quickly. 1.Why do animals have different ways of sleeping? A. To hunt other animals. B. To make themselves safe. C. To surprise other animals. D. To keep themselves healthy. 2.How does seabirds sleep? A. By gliding in the air. B. By resting in the sea. C. By flying up and down. D. By staying in the bubbles. 3.Which animals have the same way of sleeping? A. Fish and seabirds. B. Seals and seabirds. C. Dolphins and seals. D. Dolphins and ducks. 4.What will happen if an animal hits the bubbles of fish? A. The fish will run away. B. The fish will stay outside. C. The fish will make sleeping bags. D. The fish will smell other animals. 5.Which can be the structure of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. D　4. A　5. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲述了动物们有各种各样的睡觉方式。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“To help them stay safe, animals have many different ways of sleeping.”可知，动物们有不同的睡觉方式是为了保证自己的安全。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“They glide for many hours without moving their wings up and down. Sometimes they sleep while they glide.”可知，海鸟在滑行中睡觉。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“A dolphin sleeps with just half its brain at a time.”和“Ducks sleep with just half their brains, too.”可知，海豚和鸭子睡觉时只有一半的大脑在工作，它们的睡觉方式相同。故选D。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“If an animal hits the bubble, the fish swims away quickly.”可知，如果有动物撞到泡泡，鱼就会迅速游走。故选A。 (5)题解析： 篇章结构题。本文第一段引出主题：为了保持安全，动物们有很多不同的睡觉方式。第二段至第四段详细介绍了几种动物的睡觉方式。选项C的结构图与之符合。故选C。 主题语境08 人与自然-自然 （25-26八上·吉林长春第八十七中学·期中）In nature, you may see many insects and animals of different colors. Do you want to know why? Locusts (蝗虫) are very delicious food for birds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them. That is not because locusts are good jumpers or runners. Is that because they are smarter than their enemies (天敌)? The answer is “no”. The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops. When crops are young, locusts look green. But when autumn comes, locusts change to the yellow and brown color as crops do. Brown bears, tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. Their enemies can’t see them easily. This is because they have colors similar to the trees. For the same reason, polar bears that live on a land of snow and ice are white. Butterflies and bees living among the flowers are colorful like flowers. Soil insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the dark and wet soil. However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and come out only at night. Have you ever noticed some even stranger acts? The ink fish in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink spreads over (喷洒), its enemies find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same time, the ink fish swims away at once. That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all. 1.It is not easy for birds to catch locusts because ________. A. locusts are good runners B. locusts can jump very high C. locusts are smarter than birds D. locusts can change their colors 2.According to the passage, most soil insects ________. A. do not have bright colors B. change their colors with the soil C. do not live in a dark and wet environment D. eat colorful insects like butterflies and bees 3.What is the meaning of the underlined word “survive” in paragraph 3? A. Change colors. B. Become stronger. C. Look for food. D. Continue to live. 4.In order not to make its enemies see it, the ink fish ________. A. changes its color to black B. makes the water around it black C. spreads sea water over D. hides itself deeply in the sea rocks 5.What is the best title for the passage? A. How Animals Hide. B. The Clever Ink Fish C. How Colors Protect Animals D. Why Locusts Change Colors 【答案】1. D　2. A　3. D　4. B　5. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了一些动物如何利用颜色来保护自己。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Locusts (蝗虫) are very delicious food for birds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them. ...The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops.”可知，鸟类不易捉住昆虫是因为它们能够随着庄稼的颜色而改变它们自身的颜色。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Soil insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the dark and wet soil.”可知，生活在土壤里面的昆虫没有明亮的颜色。故选A。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and come out only at night.”可知，与植物颜色不同的昆虫很容易被发现和吃掉，为了生存，他们不得不在白天躲起来，只在晚上出来。所以，这里“survive”意为“生存”。选项D“继续活下去”符合题意。故选D。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The ink fish in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink spreads over (喷洒), its enemies find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same time, the ink fish swims away at once. That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all.”可知，墨鱼在遇到危险时，通过喷洒墨水，使周围的水变黑，让敌人看不到自己，从而逃跑。故选B。 (5)题解析： 最佳标题题。文章主要介绍一些动物依靠自身颜色来保护自己的生存方式。选项C“色彩如何保护动物”符合题意。故选C。 主题语境01 人与社会-文化 （25-26八上·吉林长春外国语学校·期中）①Do you know about Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) (中医)? Many people turn to TCM when they are not feeling well. If you want to know about it, you can watch the TV play Gen Z on Youku. ②In the play, Ren Xinzheng, a teacher, knew a lot about TCM. He started a project (项目)to teach young talents about TCM. Sun Toutou, a girl, got into Ren’s class and learned how to help people feel better through TCM. She met many difficulties, but with her hard work, she managed to become an excellent doctor and help people through TCM. ③In some people’s eyes, it’s difficult and boring to learn about TCM, but Gen Z makes it interesting. For example, it talks about the stories of 24 Solar Terms (节气) and some healthy activities on these important days. ④Millions of people in China like watching Gen Z. People in other countries like Thailand and Malaysia also like watching it and learning from it. They really like TCM, and watching the TV play is a great way for them to learn about TCM and Chinese culture. ⑤Gen Z is really a wonderful show for you to learn about Traditional Chinese Medicine in a way! Go and watch this great show, and you’ll find out the world of TCM for yourself! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By using an old saying. C. By asking a question. D. By giving an example. 2.What sentence can the underlined “managed” in Paragraph 2 be put into? A. When I left home yesterday, I _________ to take my keys with me. B. After working for ten hours, the doctors ________ to bring the boy back to life. C. He ate too much and hardly exercised, so his parents ________ him to lose weight. D. He forgot to set the alarm and got up late, so he ________ to school in a hurry. 3.What does the underlined “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A. Learning about TCM B. Gen Z C. 24 Solar Terms. D. Healthy activities. 4.What’s the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 5.What is the writing purpose of the passage? A. The writer wants the readers to watch this TV play. B. The writer wants the readers to learn from Sun Toutou. C. The writer wants the readers to turn to TCM when feeling bad. D. The writer wants to introduce the main characters of Gen Z. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. D　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲述了电视剧《后浪》通过有趣的方式介绍中医，受到国内外观众喜爱并鼓励大家观看该剧了解中医。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Do you know about Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) (中医)? ”可知，作者通过提问的方式开启文章。故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第二段“She met many difficulties, but with her hard work, she managed to become an excellent doctor and help people through TCM.”可知，孙头头遇到了许多困难，但通过努力，她设法成为了一名优秀的医生，并通过中医帮助人们。由此猜测，managed意为“设法”，因此managed可以放入选项B“经过十个小时的工作，医生们设法把这个男孩救活了”。故选B。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“In some people’s eyes, it’s difficult and boring to learn about TCM, but Gen Z makes it interesting.”可知，在一些人眼里，学习中医很难也很无聊，但《后浪》让它变得有趣，因此“it”指代学习中医这件事。故选A。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。第一段通过提问引出中医并介绍可以通过看电视剧《后浪》了解中医；第二段讲述电视剧里任新正老师开展中医项目以及孙头头学习中医并成为优秀医生；第三段说明在一些人眼中学习中医困难无聊但《后浪》让其有趣并举例；第四段讲述国内外很多人喜欢看《后浪》并从中学习；第五段鼓励大家去看这部剧了解中医。所以，本文的结构是“总分总”结构，选项D结构图符合。故选D。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Gen Z is really a wonderful show for you to learn about Traditional Chinese Medicine in a way! Go and watch this great show, and you’ll find out the world of TCM for yourself!”可推知，作者写这篇文章是因为他想让读者去看《后浪》这部电视剧。故选A。 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·吉林松原长岭三校·期中）①Scientists found that plants can make sounds. ②A scientist Lily Hadany and her team recorded (录制) tomato plants at different times. It showed that the plants made ultrasound (超声波). Humans could only hear them with the help of a computer. ③As the scientists studied the sounds, they began to find some interesting facts. Plants made different sounds at different times. They hardly made sounds when they had enough water, but as the earth got drier, they made more sounds. Scientists also found that plants made sounds when they got hurt. When scientists cut a part of stem from the plants, the plants also made sounds. But the sounds weren’t the same as when the plants needed water. ④Some scientists trained a computer AI system to identify (识别) the different kinds of sounds. It could find the difference between plants that needed water and plants with cuts. It means that one day we may use these sounds to figure out what problem it is having. That could be very helpful to farmers. 1.Which of the following may you need if you want to hear the sounds of plants? A. B. C. D. 2.How does the writer show the interesting facts in Paragraph 3? A. By giving examples. B. By telling stories. C. By asking questions. D. By using numbers. 3.What does the underlined phrase “figure out” mean in Paragraph 4? A. Think about. B. Put out. C. Find out. D. Care about. 4.What can people do with the help of the team’s findings? A. Stop people from cutting down trees. B. Help farmers to know more about their plants. C. Know how to identify different sounds faster. D. Hear more beautiful sounds from different plants. 5.What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A. ①/②③/④ B. ①②③/④ C. ①/②/③④ D. ①/②③④ 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C　4. B　5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家发现植物能够发出声音，并进行分析，并由此训练了一个AI智能系统来识别不同种类的声音，这对农民是很有帮助的。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Humans could only hear them with the help of a computer.”可知，人们想要听到植物的声音，需要通过电脑，故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“As the scientists studied the sounds, they began to find some interesting facts...”可知，作者通过举例说明方法，说明一些有意思的事实，故选A。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“...what problem it is having.”可知，此处表示我们可能能够通过这些声音来发现它遇到了什么问题，短语“figure out”指的是“弄清楚”，故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“It means that one day we may use these sounds to figure out what problem it is having. That could be very helpful to farmers.”可知，植物的声音可以帮助农民更多地了解植物，故选B。 (5)题解析： 篇章结构题。根据“Scientists have found that plants can make sounds.”可知，第一段总体指出植物能发出声音；根据“A scientist Lily Hadany and her team recorded tomato plants at different times.”及“As the scientists studied the sounds, they began to find some interesting facts.”及“Some scientists trained a computer AI system to identify the different kinds of sounds.”可知，第二、三、四段说的是科学家们对此观点进行了不同的论证，属于总分结构，故选D。 主题语境03 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·吉林白山·期中）①Trees are one of the oldest plants on Earth. They keep the air clean, reduce (减少) noise pollution, make water cleaner, and provide food. ②Just like us, trees change a lot as they grow. At 1 to 3 years old, young trees learn how to defend themselves. For example, many trees grow thorns (刺) to stop animals from going near. ③At the age of 4, trees begin to grow very quickly and become strong enough to face many difficulties later in life. At the age of 15, trees become young adults (成年). They grow more slowly and begin to produce (产生) flowers and fruits. ④When a tree is 20 to 25 years old, it becomes a real adult. The tree reaches its largest size. The adult tree can give us shade (树荫). It is a great place for us to have a rest or play games. With good care, the adult tree will go on to live healthily for many years. ⑤Little by little, trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature. When a tree becomes hollow (空的) or part of it becomes dead, it becomes a home to small animals. ⑥Trees are very important in our lives. They help us and nature at every stage of their lives, even after they die. We should protect trees. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1.What does the underlined word “defend” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Feed. B. Hide. C. Clean. D. Protect. 2.Trees begin to produce fruits at the age of ______. A. one B. four C. fifteen D. twenty 3.When a tree is 20 to 25, it becomes ______. A. a young adult B. a real adult C. hollow D. dead 4.What can we learn from the passage? A. A hollow tree can’t provide a home for animals. B. A tree begins to grow quickly when it is an adult. C. Old trees can make great places for people to rest. D. An adult tree can live long and well with good care. 5.Which is the right structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. D　2. C　3. B　4. D　5. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了树是地球上最古老的植物之一，在不同生长阶段有不同的特点，在生命各阶段都对人类和自然有帮助，呼吁人们重视和保护树木。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“At 1 to 3 years old, young trees learn how to defend themselves. For example, many trees grow thorns (刺) to stop animals from going near.”可知，许多树长刺是为了阻止动物靠近，也就是保护自己，所以“defend”意思是“保护”。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“At the age of 15, trees become young adults (成年). They grow more slowly and begin to produce (产生) flowers and fruits.”可知，树在15岁时开始结果实。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“When a tree is 20 to 25 years old, it becomes a real adult.”可知，在20到25岁，它成为真正的成年树。故选B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“With good care, the adult tree will go on to live healthily for many years.”可知，成年树在好好照料下能健康长寿地生活。故选D。 (5)题解析： 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第①段总述树是地球上最古老的植物之一以及树的作用；第②至⑤段分别介绍树在不同生长阶段的特点；第⑥段总结树很重要，呼吁人们重视和保护树。所以文章结构是总分总。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·吉林松原乾安三校·期中）①Long long ago, when God first planted a tree in the garden, it was full of energy and kept moving. Then God pulled the tree out and planted it upside down to make sure it stayed in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the baobab tree, also called the monkey bread tree, bottle tree or others. ②The baobab tree is a strange-looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “bottle tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as an 11-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later the flowers can turn into fruit. ③Baobabs are called “the tree of life”, because they can live longer than 1,000 years old. In the dry land, the baobab can hold up to 120,000 liters of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. ④Baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow. An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. The baobab is such a useful tree that some people could hardly live without it. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1.How does the writer begin the text? A. By asking a question. B. By showing a story. C. By singing a song. D. By giving an example. 2.Which of the following pictures is the baobab in the dry season? A. B. C. D. 3.Which word is close to the meaning of the underlined word “hollow” in Paragraph 4? A. Dirty. B. Modern. C. Empty. D. Useful. 4.Which is the right structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. ①—②—③—④ 5.What’s the best title of the passage? A. God and the Baobab B. What Does the Baobab Like in a Year? C. Baobabs’ Trunks, Leaves and Fruit D. A Special Tree—the Baobab 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C　4. B　5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了猴面包树这一特殊树种：开篇用神话故事引出树种，随后描述其生长地域、外形特征，接着阐述它被称为“生命之树”的原因，最后列举其叶子、树皮、树干的多种用途，凸显其“实用价值高”的特点。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“Long long ago, when God first planted a tree...”可知，作者通过讲述一个神话故事引出猴面包树。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks sticking up in the air”可知，旱季的猴面包树“没有叶子，树干像在空中突起”。故选A。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks”可知，老树树干能容纳很多人、可在内部建房，说明树干是“空的”。故选C。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。①段：用故事引出猴面包树这一核心对象；②段：描述其生长地域、外形；③④段：解释“生命之树”的由来以及列举叶子、树皮、树干的用途，体现实用性。因此文章的结构是“①—②—③④”。故选B。 (5)题解析： 最佳标题题。文章围绕猴面包树展开，从引入、外形、价值到用途，全面介绍了这一“特殊树种”的独特之处。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·吉林长春汽车经济技术开发区·期中）Do students in your country worry about how they look? What makes them feel this way? What do you think about it? Many Japanese high school students feel worried about how they look. In Japan, people are usually shyer and quieter than people in Western countries. This can make students less confident (自信的). For example, most of my classmates usually wear their masks. They feel anxious about showing their faces. I think it’s important to stay healthy and be happy with how you look. Ai Akasaki, 16, Japan At my school, not many people worry about how they look. The main reason for this worry is feeling unsure about how they look. Some people think only “good-looking” people have friends. But in Singapore, we have people from many different cultures, so there are many different ideas of beauty. People won’t stop being your friend just because of your look. In Singapore, people care more about your personality than your appearance. Huang Luofei, 13, Singapore In Sweden (瑞典), many students worry about how they look, and social media is a big reason. The pictures we see online often show people who look perfect, and this makes us feel like we need to look the same. Students compare themselves with the people in these pictures and feel anxious. I think this problem is about how people think about beauty. We need more real and different kinds of beauty in the media to help students feel less pressure (压力). Folke Borgstrom, 18, Sweden 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.How do Japanese students feel about their appearance? A. Happy. B. Worried. C. Relaxed. D. Excited. 2.In Singapore, what kind of people will have more friends? A. People who look very beautiful. B. People who work very well. C. People who have a good personality. D. People who have a good family. 3.What do social media make people online do according to the material? A. Look even more perfect. B. Become more famous. C. Become much richer. D. Get much happier. 4.What does the underlined word “anxious” mean in the first box? A. confident B. beautiful C. happy D. nervous 5.What’s the material mainly about? A. How students feel about how they look. B. What helps students feel less pressure. C. Who students can make friends with. D. Who cares more about your personality. 主题语境02 人与自我-个人兴趣 （25-26八上·吉林长春朝阳·期中）Finding Penfriends My name is Han Lin. I was born in Changchun. It is a beautiful city. I have a lot of interests, but I am especially interested in history. In my free time, I like singing, playing the violin and reading books. I also like traveling. I enjoy learning about different cultures. I would love to find a penfriend who shares similar interests. I don’t mind where he or she lives. I would hope to communicate as often as possible. Hi, my name is Edward. I live in central London and I love my neighborhood. I am an outgoing boy. I enjoy learning new things. I like reading books, especially novels. My favorite novel is Journey to the West. I also like doing sports. I would love to meet someone to whom I can write regularly. I am trying to improve my Chinese, so I would love to meet someone from China. I plan to travel to China sometime, so it would be great to have a friend to meet up with. I’m Rose. I live in Scotland and I go to a small school. Life here is usually boring, but we have colorful scenery in the autumn. It is exciting and fantastic! I live with my parents and my dog. I am the only child in my family, but I have a lot of cousins. I really like writing and drawing, and I also enjoy movies, especially action movies. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.Han Lin likes ________ in his spare time. ①singing ②playing the violin ③reading books ④doing sports A. ① B. ①② C. ①②③ D. ①②③④ 2.Edward wants to find a penfriend from China because he ________. A. lives in central London B. wants to share sports skills C. hopes to get better at Chinese D. likes reading novels very much 3.Rose thinks ________ is exciting. A. studying in a small school B. playing with many cousins C. the autumn scenery in her hometown D. living with her parents and her dog 4.Han Lin, Edward and Rose all hope to ________. A. improve their language skills B. find a penfriend C. share their travel experiences D. introduce their hometowns 5.The purpose (目的) of this passage is ________. A. to share ways to develop hobbies B. to help three people find penfriends C. to share stories from three people’s lives D. to introduce different cities around the world 主题语境03 人与自我-健康 （25-26八上·吉林长春净月·期中）①A lot of people play sports, but very few people become sports players. If sports aren’t going to be your future, then why should you play them? Why should you practise every day? Wouldn’t it be better to only focus on your lessons? Well, there are a lot of reasons to play sports. ②First of all, sports are a great way to exercise. Exercising keeps you healthy and strong. When you exercise, your body makes endorphins (安多芬). They give you more energy and make you feel happier. ③Also, sports teach young people how to work as a team. They teach young people to respect their teachers, friends and players from the other team. Many studies say if a young person plays sports, he or she may have fewer problems. This is because sports teach people about rules. They also teach people that if they work hard, they might succeed. ④Another benefit of sports is that they make people leave their houses. These days, a lot of people spend too much time watching television and playing video games. When you play sports, you go outside and exercise in the sun. You take a breath of clean air. All of these things are important. ⑤Maybe you’re not going to become a sports player, but that doesn’t matter. Sports will help you become a better and happier person. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.What’s the purpose (目的) of Paragraph 1? A. To tell a story. B. To ask for advice. C. To introduce (引出) the reasons to play sports. D. To give an example. 2.Which of the following is True about sports according to the passage? A. Sports can bring people happiness and health. B. When doing sports, we should only respect players from the other team. C. If young people do more sports, they will have more problems. D. When endorphins are made in our body, we will get angry easily. 3.What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Reports. B. Sports. C. Problems. D. Rules. 4.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 5.What does the passage mainly tell us? A. Sports are good for people. B. Sports make people go outside. C. Sports are just for sports players. D. Sports teach people to work hard. 主题语境04 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·吉林长春朝阳·期中） ①Llamas are interesting animals from South America. They are similar to alpacas and belong to the camel family (骆驼科). They are not only famous for their special looks but also for their calm (镇静的) personality and how useful (有用的) they are to people. ②Llamas look similar to alpacas, but you can tell them apart by looking at three things. Llamas have longer ears, longer faces, and are often bigger and taller. ③Llamas have some special habits. They like to stay together in groups and communicate with each other by humming (发出连续而低沉的声音). If they get angry, they may spit (吐口水), but they mostly do this to other llamas, not to people. ④With long necks and big eyes, llamas are very curious. Because of this, they like to watch what is happening around them and are not usually afraid of people. Although they can spit when angry, they are usually very calm and friendly animals. ⑤These wonderful personality traits make llamas very useful to people. For example, their calmness helps people feel better, their friendliness makes them good guards (看守) for farms, and their strength lets them carry heavy things. ⑥ In short, the llama is a wonderful animal. Its special appearance, friendly nature, and many uses make it a great friend to both animals and humans. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.What does the underlined phrase “tell them apart” mean in paragraph 2? A. 描述它们 B. 区分它们 C. 面对它们 D. 照顾它们 2.The author compares the ________ of alpacas and llamas to help readers learn about them. ①ears ②faces ③sizes ④colors A. ①② B. ③④ C. ①②③ D. ①③④ 3.Why do llamas spit? A. To show they are happy. B. To clean their mouths. C. To get water from others. D. To show they are angry. 4.Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? A. ①/②③/④⑤/⑥ B. ①/②③④⑤/⑥ C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥ D. ①②③/④⑤/⑥ 5.What is the writer trying to do in the passage? A. To show that llamas are better than alpacas. B. To explain why farmers should keep llamas. C. To tell us some interesting facts about llamas. D. To teach people how to make friends with llamas. Passage 2 （25-26八上·吉林长春第二实验学校南湖校区·期中）Once there were many thousands of Gourma Desert (沙漠) elephants in Mali, a country in West Africa. Now there are fewer than four hundred. Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly? On the one hand, the elephants’ main lake, their only water source (来源) dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans. To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water. As a result, the situation became better and there was more food, forest and grassland. However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching and illegal (非法的) trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2025.” said a member of MEP. Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations have joined together to educate the local people that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants, one of the wildlife treasures in the world. 1.How many reasons are mentioned for the drop in the number of the elephants? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 2.Why was MEP started? A. To stop the main lake from drying up. B. To make rules of using land and water. C. To protect the elephants’ living environment. D. To stop humans from overusing the land which the elephants lived on. 3.What does the underlined word “poaching” mean in Chinese? A. 繁殖 B. 偷猎 C. 保护 D. 喂养 4.What can we infer (推断)from paragraph 4? A. Trading elephants is allowed. B. The number of elephants has increased. C. There was little elephant poaching from 2012 to 2016. D. The situation will be worse unless humans stop killing elephants. 5.What’s the passage mainly about? A. The education of the local people. B. The work of Mali Elephant project. C. The situation of Gourma Desert elephants. D. The reason why the number of the elephants dropped. 主题语境01 人与社会-人际交往 （25-26八上·吉林松原前郭·期中）Do you have any good friends? Do you know what friendship is? Let’s learn something about friends and friendships together. How to be a good friend? Being a good listener makes your friends feel they are important. Find out your friends’ good points (特点) and tell them openly. It will help your friends become more confident. As you grow, your hobbies may become different from those of your friends, and you may have new friends. But you should not forget your old friends. Why are friendships important? Friends can help you stay away from loneliness (孤独). And making friends from different places helps you to learn about different cultures. How to solve problems between your friends and you? It is important for you and your friends to work out a problem together and talk about your feelings. If both of you are angry, it may be better to talk about the problem when both of you are calm (冷静的). 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1.How can people be good friends according to the text? ①By having similar hobbies. ②By listening to friends carefully. ③By finding out friends’ good points. ④By working together with friends all the time. A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ①④ 2.What does the underlined word “confident” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Being honest with others. B. Being lucky to finish something. C. Feeling sure about your own ability. D. Feeling happy to do something. 3.How many benefits (益处) can friendships bring to us? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 4.If your friend is very angry, what should you do? A. Tell him or her your feelings. B. Ask others for help. C. Point out his or her problems right away. D. Talk with him or her when you are calm. 5.What’s the structure of the text? (P1= Paragraph 1…) A. B. C. D. 主题语境02 人与社会-文化 （25-26八上·吉林长春九台·期中）Do you have any foreign friends? Do you know their characteristics (特征)? The Germans are very quiet and they always keep calm. They don’t like to speak more words. They look very serious. They like different kinds of amusements. The Germans are very hard-working. They like tidiness, especially the women. They always keep their home clean. In some ways, the Englishmen look the same as the Germans. They are very quiet and never talk too much with strangers. They are really polite, so we often hear they say “Thank you” or “Sorry”. The Frenchmen’s holidays are very long. They like traveling and usually spend their longtime staying in other countries. The Frenchmen are more outgoing than the Germans. It is very easy to make friends with them. Compared to the Frenchmen, the Americans are more outgoing. And they are even more outgoing than all of the Europeans. They don’t like to depend on (依靠) others. So it is very common that the students do part-time jobs in their free time. And in Americans’ eyes, success is an important part in their life. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.According to the passage, ________ are very quiet. A. only the Germans B. only the Englishmen C. only the Frenchmen D. both the Germans and the Englishmen 2.What can we learn about the Frenchmen from the passage? A. They are more outgoing than the Americans. B. It is very easy to make friends with them. C. They like traveling in their own country. D. They look serious and are always hard-working. 3.What is the best structure of the passage (Pl=Paragraph 1…)? A. B. C. D. 4.Which is the best title of the passage? A. Foreigners’ hobbies B. Who are more outgoing C. Characteristics of the foreigners D. Success is an important part in Americans’ life 5.How do Americans think about success in their life? A. It is important. B. It’s necessary. C. It’s meaningful. D. It’s serious. 主题语境03 人与社会-旅游 （25-26八上·吉林长春南关·期中）①Planning a holiday can be fun if you follow these simple steps. It will help you have a relaxing and enjoyable time. ②First, decide on a place. Think about what you want to do—do you want to visit ancient buildings, go to the mountains, or relax by the sea? Ask your family or friends for ideas. Make sure the place fits your budget. Check the weather of the place you want to visit. For example, if you want to go to the mountains, choose warm and sunny days. Also, think about your school or work routine—don’t plan during busy times. ③Then, book tickets (票) and hotels. Buy train or plane tickets early in order to get good prices. Book a hotel in advance (提前), especially if you’re traveling during holidays. Read opinions from other visitors to choose a good place to stay. ④Next, make a packing list and plan daily activities. Write down the things you need to take-clothes, shoes, a passport, medicine, and a camera. Don’t forget to pack a jacket if the weather is cool. List the places you want to visit each day. Don’t plan too many things-leave some time to relax. ⑤Follow these steps, and you will have a wonderful holiday! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.What is the first step to plan a holiday? A. Book tickets. B. Decide on a place. C. Make a packing list. D. Plan daily activities. 2.If you want to go to the mountains, what kind of weather should you choose? A. Rainy and cold. B. Cool and wet. C. Cold and snowy. D. Warm and sunny. 3.Why should we buy train or plane tickets early? A. To choose the best landscape to visit. B. To have a good place to stay. C. To get good prices. D. To leave some time to relax. 4.What is the best structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 5.Which is the best title of the passage? A. Plan a Wonderful Holiday B. Have a Relaxing and Enjoyable Time C. Choose the Best Place to Visit D. Enjoy Happy Time With Your Family 主题语境04 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·吉林昌邑·期中）Labor education in China: According to the new standard for labor education (劳动教育标准) by China’s Ministry of Education, middle school students need to learn the following skills: ▲Clean up their rooms and classrooms. ▲Pick clothes for travel and pack a bag. ▲Make a healthy eating plan. ▲Cook three or four dishes. ▲Fix (修理) some things like TVs or lights. ▲Take part in activities such as planting and fishing. ▲Learn one or two kinds of traditional art such as paper-cutting. ▲Do one or two kinds of volunteer work like helping in the old people’s home. Labor education out of China: Many countries start students’ labor education at a young age. Finland begins to train students’ life skills in primary (小学) school. Students can have many classes like cooking, tree planting, etc. In Germany (德国), students have two labor classes every week. Teachers will give lessons about job finding, housekeeping and farming. Benefits (好处) of labor education: * More self-control (自控力) * More confidence (信心) * Better results at school * Greater happiness 1.How many skills do middle school students need to learn in China? A. 5. B. 6. C. 7. D. 8. 2.In China, middle school students don’t need to learn to ________. A. clean rooms B. pack bags C. fix lights D. find jobs 3.What can we learn from the material (材料)? A. Students in China should make a healthy dish every day. B. Students from Finland learn life skills when they are in primary school. C. Students from Germany have labor education twice a month. D. Students’ greater happiness may come from getting better grades. 4.The writer mainly wants to tell us ________. A. the different ways of housework B. the labor education out of China C. the importance of labor education D. the benefits of doing homework 5.You can most probably read the passage in a ________. A. newspaper B. diary C. notice D. storybook 主题语境05 人与社会-艺术 （25-26八上·吉林蛟河·期中）①There are 56 ethnic (民族的) groups in China. Different ethnic groups have their own special cultures. Let’s enjoy some of them. ②The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes. Tie-dye has a history of nearly 1,500 years. During the Tang and Song dynasties (朝代), people chose tie-dyed clothes as gifts. ③The Mongolian people live in the Mongolian yurts (蒙古包). These yurts are large round tents and their tops look like umbrellas. They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people. The yurts are usually white because they’re made of sheep’s wool (羊毛). And white is a symbol of happiness. ④The Zhuang people like singing more than talking. On the third day of the third Chinese lunar (阴历的) month, they hold a big singing festival. It is thrilling and wonderful. Men and women singers sing in pairs. The winners are the “king” and “queen” of singing. ⑤The Miao people have a special festival, Manghao Festival. It’s in the first Chinese lunar month every year. The Miao people think Manghao is a hero for them. At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch (触摸) others to send good wishes. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.Who uses tie-dye to dye clothes most? A. The Bai people. B. The Mongolian people. C. The Miao people. D. The Zhuang people. 2.What’s the Mongolian yurt? A. A traditional home. B. A big festival. C. A special song. D. A good wish. 3.What does the underlined word “thrilling” mean in Paragraph 4? A. Noisy. B. Slow. C. Exciting. D. Easy. 4.How do people celebrate (庆祝) Manghao Festival? A. By choosing tie-dyed clothes as gifts. B. By building tents. C. By singing songs. D. By dressing up and touching others. 5.Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2...) A. B. C. D. 主题语境06 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·吉林松原前郭尔罗斯蒙古自治县三校·期中）It’s important for us to have a good character. Do you know how to develop it? Here is some advice to help you. Be honest People with a good character do not lie. They always tell the truth and keep their promises. For example, if a teenager promises his parents that he will go back home on time and he keeps his word, his parents will trust him next time. Be responsible (负责的) Being responsible means being pleased to take on duties. It also means being willing to accept the mistakes you have made. A responsible person dares to accept the results of his or her actions and decisions, whether they are good or bad. Be caring Being caring means treating others with care and kindness. Caring people are kind and they care about the feelings of others. Try to help others who are in trouble when you can. Show your care to those in need. Listen to a friend when he or she needs you. Be respectful If you want others to accept your ideas, it will be important to learn how to listen to others’ ideas, as everyone has their own thoughts. Respect others as you would like to be treated. Keep smiling while listening to others’ ideas. 根据以上内容，选择正确答案。 1.What does the writer think of having a good character? A. Interesting. B. Important. C. Difficult. D. Boring. 2.Which of the following means being responsible according to the text? A. Listening to others’ ideas. B. Keeping your promises. C. Helping others when you can. D. Accepting your own mistakes. 3.What should you do when listening to others’ ideas according to the text? A. Keep smiling. B. Show your care. C. Accept their ideas. D. Express your ideas. 4.What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A. To tell us the ways to make friends. B. To ask us to learn from those who have a good character. C. To show the ways to develop a good character. D. To talk about the meaning of developing a good character. 5.On which website can we most probably read this text? A. www.relationship.com/parentsandchildren/ B. www.happykids.com/healthygrowth/ C. www.newworld.com/differentnews/ D. www.studentslife.com/howtoachievegoals/ 主题语境07 人与自然-动物与植物 （25-26八上·吉林松花江中学·期中） Almost all animals need to sleep to stay healthy. But sleeping can be dangerous because other animals may hunt sleeping animals. To help them stay safe, animals have many different ways of sleeping. Some of these ways may surprise you! Some seabirds can sleep while they fly. These large birds spend most of their lives over the ocean. They are in danger on the water, but they are safe in the air. They glide (滑行) for many hours without moving their wings up and down. Sometimes they sleep while they glide. A dolphin sleeps with just half its brain at a time. It must stay awake to breathe and to watch for danger. Dolphins can swim without sleep for two months to stay safe. Ducks sleep with just half their brains, too. These ducks often sleep in a line. The ducks at both ends help keep the group safe. They keep one eye open to watch for danger. The ducks in the middle sleep with both eyes closed. Seals breathe air, but that doesn’t stop them from sleeping underwater. They hold their breath and dive deep to sleep for up to twenty minutes at a time. Some fish make their own sleeping bags. They make a big bubble and sleep inside it. It also keeps other animals from smelling them. If an animal hits the bubble, the fish swims away quickly. 1.Why do animals have different ways of sleeping? A. To hunt other animals. B. To make themselves safe. C. To surprise other animals. D. To keep themselves healthy. 2.How does seabirds sleep? A. By gliding in the air. B. By resting in the sea. C. By flying up and down. D. By staying in the bubbles. 3.Which animals have the same way of sleeping? A. Fish and seabirds. B. Seals and seabirds. C. Dolphins and seals. D. Dolphins and ducks. 4.What will happen if an animal hits the bubbles of fish? A. The fish will run away. B. The fish will stay outside. C. The fish will make sleeping bags. D. The fish will smell other animals. 5.Which can be the structure of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A. B. C. D. 主题语境08 人与自然-自然 （25-26八上·吉林长春第八十七中学·期中）In nature, you may see many insects and animals of different colors. Do you want to know why? Locusts (蝗虫) are very delicious food for birds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them. That is not because locusts are good jumpers or runners. Is that because they are smarter than their enemies (天敌)? The answer is “no”. The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops. When crops are young, locusts look green. But when autumn comes, locusts change to the yellow and brown color as crops do. Brown bears, tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. Their enemies can’t see them easily. This is because they have colors similar to the trees. For the same reason, polar bears that live on a land of snow and ice are white. Butterflies and bees living among the flowers are colorful like flowers. Soil insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the dark and wet soil. However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and come out only at night. Have you ever noticed some even stranger acts? The ink fish in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink spreads over (喷洒), its enemies find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same time, the ink fish swims away at once. That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all. 1.It is not easy for birds to catch locusts because ________. A. locusts are good runners B. locusts can jump very high C. locusts are smarter than birds D. locusts can change their colors 2.According to the passage, most soil insects ________. A. do not have bright colors B. change their colors with the soil C. do not live in a dark and wet environment D. eat colorful insects like butterflies and bees 3.What is the meaning of the underlined word “survive” in paragraph 3? A. Change colors. B. Become stronger. C. Look for food. D. Continue to live. 4.In order not to make its enemies see it, the ink fish ________. A. changes its color to black B. makes the water around it black C. spreads sea water over D. hides itself deeply in the sea rocks 5.What is the best title for the passage? A. How Animals Hide. B. The Clever Ink Fish C. How Colors Protect Animals D. Why Locusts Change Colors 主题语境01 人与社会-文化 （25-26八上·吉林长春外国语学校·期中）①Do you know about Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) (中医)? Many people turn to TCM when they are not feeling well. If you want to know about it, you can watch the TV play Gen Z on Youku. ②In the play, Ren Xinzheng, a teacher, knew a lot about TCM. He started a project (项目)to teach young talents about TCM. Sun Toutou, a girl, got into Ren’s class and learned how to help people feel better through TCM. She met many difficulties, but with her hard work, she managed to become an excellent doctor and help people through TCM. ③In some people’s eyes, it’s difficult and boring to learn about TCM, but Gen Z makes it interesting. For example, it talks about the stories of 24 Solar Terms (节气) and some healthy activities on these important days. ④Millions of people in China like watching Gen Z. People in other countries like Thailand and Malaysia also like watching it and learning from it. They really like TCM, and watching the TV play is a great way for them to learn about TCM and Chinese culture. ⑤Gen Z is really a wonderful show for you to learn about Traditional Chinese Medicine in a way! Go and watch this great show, and you’ll find out the world of TCM for yourself! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By using an old saying. C. By asking a question. D. By giving an example. 2.What sentence can the underlined “managed” in Paragraph 2 be put into? A. When I left home yesterday, I _________ to take my keys with me. B. After working for ten hours, the doctors ________ to bring the boy back to life. C. He ate too much and hardly exercised, so his parents ________ him to lose weight. D. He forgot to set the alarm and got up late, so he ________ to school in a hurry. 3.What does the underlined “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A. Learning about TCM B. Gen Z C. 24 Solar Terms. D. Healthy activities. 4.What’s the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 5.What is the writing purpose of the passage? A. The writer wants the readers to watch this TV play. B. The writer wants the readers to learn from Sun Toutou. C. The writer wants the readers to turn to TCM when feeling bad. D. The writer wants to introduce the main characters of Gen Z. 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·吉林松原长岭三校·期中）①Scientists found that plants can make sounds. ②A scientist Lily Hadany and her team recorded (录制) tomato plants at different times. It showed that the plants made ultrasound (超声波). Humans could only hear them with the help of a computer. ③As the scientists studied the sounds, they began to find some interesting facts. Plants made different sounds at different times. They hardly made sounds when they had enough water, but as the earth got drier, they made more sounds. Scientists also found that plants made sounds when they got hurt. When scientists cut a part of stem from the plants, the plants also made sounds. But the sounds weren’t the same as when the plants needed water. ④Some scientists trained a computer AI system to identify (识别) the different kinds of sounds. It could find the difference between plants that needed water and plants with cuts. It means that one day we may use these sounds to figure out what problem it is having. That could be very helpful to farmers. 1.Which of the following may you need if you want to hear the sounds of plants? A. B. C. D. 2.How does the writer show the interesting facts in Paragraph 3? A. By giving examples. B. By telling stories. C. By asking questions. D. By using numbers. 3.What does the underlined phrase “figure out” mean in Paragraph 4? A. Think about. B. Put out. C. Find out. D. Care about. 4.What can people do with the help of the team’s findings? A. Stop people from cutting down trees. B. Help farmers to know more about their plants. C. Know how to identify different sounds faster. D. Hear more beautiful sounds from different plants. 5.What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A. ①/②③/④ B. ①②③/④ C. ①/②/③④ D. ①/②③④ 主题语境03 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·吉林白山·期中）①Trees are one of the oldest plants on Earth. They keep the air clean, reduce (减少) noise pollution, make water cleaner, and provide food. ②Just like us, trees change a lot as they grow. At 1 to 3 years old, young trees learn how to defend themselves. For example, many trees grow thorns (刺) to stop animals from going near. ③At the age of 4, trees begin to grow very quickly and become strong enough to face many difficulties later in life. At the age of 15, trees become young adults (成年). They grow more slowly and begin to produce (产生) flowers and fruits. ④When a tree is 20 to 25 years old, it becomes a real adult. The tree reaches its largest size. The adult tree can give us shade (树荫). It is a great place for us to have a rest or play games. With good care, the adult tree will go on to live healthily for many years. ⑤Little by little, trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature. When a tree becomes hollow (空的) or part of it becomes dead, it becomes a home to small animals. ⑥Trees are very important in our lives. They help us and nature at every stage of their lives, even after they die. We should protect trees. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1.What does the underlined word “defend” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Feed. B. Hide. C. Clean. D. Protect. 2.Trees begin to produce fruits at the age of ______. A. one B. four C. fifteen D. twenty 3.When a tree is 20 to 25, it becomes ______. A. a young adult B. a real adult C. hollow D. dead 4.What can we learn from the passage? A. A hollow tree can’t provide a home for animals. B. A tree begins to grow quickly when it is an adult. C. Old trees can make great places for people to rest. D. An adult tree can live long and well with good care. 5.Which is the right structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. Passage 2 （25-26八上·吉林松原乾安三校·期中）①Long long ago, when God first planted a tree in the garden, it was full of energy and kept moving. Then God pulled the tree out and planted it upside down to make sure it stayed in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the baobab tree, also called the monkey bread tree, bottle tree or others. ②The baobab tree is a strange-looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “bottle tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as an 11-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later the flowers can turn into fruit. ③Baobabs are called “the tree of life”, because they can live longer than 1,000 years old. In the dry land, the baobab can hold up to 120,000 liters of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. ④Baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow. An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. The baobab is such a useful tree that some people could hardly live without it. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1.How does the writer begin the text? A. By asking a question. B. By showing a story. C. By singing a song. D. By giving an example. 2.Which of the following pictures is the baobab in the dry season? A. B. C. D. 3.Which word is close to the meaning of the underlined word “hollow” in Paragraph 4? A. Dirty. B. Modern. C. Empty. D. Useful. 4.Which is the right structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. ①—②—③—④ 5.What’s the best title of the passage? A. God and the Baobab B. What Does the Baobab Like in a Year? C. Baobabs’ Trunks, Leaves and Fruit D. A Special Tree—the Baobab / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $