Unit 4 Section B Vocabulary in Use（课时分层练）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 本同步练习以“分层进阶+语篇深化”为特色，通过A组巩固基础词汇句型、B组提升语篇运用、C组培养思维能力、拓展对接中考，构建从单一知识点到综合应用的完整巩固路径，适配新授课分层教学需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|核心词汇（吨、蘑菇等）、基础句型（完成句子、单句语法）|单词拼写（语境补全）、单项选择（词义辨析如size/height），夯实语言能力基础| |B组能力进阶|词汇语篇运用、上下文理解|短文填空（Saihanba植树故事）、完形（海豚生态角色），培养语篇思维与学习能力| |C组思维拔高|科普语篇理解（青蛙生态、企鹅粪便与气候）|细节查找与推理（如科学家研究青蛙原因），提升思维品质与信息获取能力| |拓展链接中考|中考真题语篇（马的特征与文化）|新考向题型（开篇方式、代词指代），衔接中考测评，强化综合语言运用|

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Vocabulary in Use A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. —How much does the stone weigh? —It weighs about a 　　　　　　　　 (吨). 【答案】ton 【解析】句意：——这块石头有多重？——它重约一吨。根据“a”可知，横线处需填名词单数，ton表示“吨”，可数名词。故填ton。 2. 　　　　　　　　 (蘑菇) make healthy meals magic. 【答案】Mushrooms 【解析】句意：蘑菇使健康饮食变得神奇。mushroom“蘑菇”，在句中作主语，谓语为“make”，此处用复数形式mushrooms，句首首字母大写。故填Mushrooms。 3. In China, more and more people realized the seriousness of 　　　　　　　　 (气候) change. 【答案】climate 【解析】句意：在中国，越来越多的人意识到了气候变化的严重性。“气候”对应的英文是climate。of为介词，后面接名词短语，因此直接填名词climate。 4. The soup is made up of tomatoes, meat and 　　　　　　　　 (豌豆). 【答案】peas 【解析】句意：这道汤由西红柿、肉和豌豆组成。pea是可数名词，意为“豌豆”，这里和“tomatoes”、“meat”并列，用复数形式peas。 5. All of these come in different 　　　　　　　　(尺寸). 【答案】sizes 【解析】句意：这些商品均有不同的尺寸可供选择。根据汉语提示可知，size“尺寸”，different（不同的）后接可数名词复数，应填sizes。 6. Spending time with family brings the greatest h　　　　　　　　 to most people. 【答案】happiness##appiness 【解析】句意：与家人共度时光给大多数人带来最大的幸福。“the greatest”后接名词作动词“brings”的宾语；首字母h提示happiness“幸福”符合“与家人共度时光”的语境，且happiness是不可数名词。故填happiness。 7. Frogs play an important r　　　　　　　　　　 in the ecosystem. 【答案】role##ole 【解析】句意：青蛙在生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。固定短语play an important role表示“扮演重要角色、起重要作用”，结合首字母r，空处应填role“角色”。 8. He is very tall. His h　　　　　　　　　　 is 1.85 metres. 【答案】height##eight 【解析】句意：他非常高。他的身高是1.85米。空格位于系动词“is”前，需填名词作主语。根据“very tall”及“1.85 metres”可知，此处表示“身高”。结合首字母h，对应名词height。 9. She felt great j　　　　　　　　　　 when she saw the beautiful flowers. 【答案】joy##oy 【解析】句意：当她看到这些漂亮的花时，她感到极大的喜悦。结合句意及提示首字母j，此处需要填名词，joy“愉悦、喜悦”符合句意和首字母要求，joy在这里作不可数名词，用原形即可。 10. I’ll never forget my head teacher because he plays an important r　　　　　　　　 in my study life. 【答案】(r)ole 【解析】句意：我永远不会忘记我的班主任，因为他在我的学习生活扮演一个重要角色。根据首字母提示可知，此处是结构play a role in“在……中扮演角色”。故填(r)ole。 11. I felt very 　　　　　　　　　 (disappoint) when I failed the mid-term exam. 【答案】disappointed 【解析】句意：期中考试不及格时，我感到非常失望。disappoint“使失望”，动词，空处位于感官动词felt后面，修饰人，用形容词形式disappointed“失望的”，作表语。故填disappointed。 12. He 　　　　　　　　 (enjoy) the trip very much. (用 will) 【答案】will enjoy 【解析】句意：他将会非常享受这次旅行。句中题目要求用will来表示将来的动作， will是一般将来时的助动词，后面需要接动词原形，括号内给出的动词是enjoy ，故填will enjoy。 二、完成句子 1. 观鸟者在森林发现稀有鸟类时满心喜悦，后来看到它受伤又很失望。 Finding a rare bird in the forest filled birdwatchers with 　　　　　　　　, but seeing it injured later made them 　　　　　　　　. 【答案】① joy##happiness    ② disappointed 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，“filled...with...”表示“使……充满……”，其后需接名词，“喜悦”的名词形式“joy”或“happiness”均为不可数名词，符合要求；“make sb.+形容词”表示“使某人……”，形容词作宾语补足语。“失望”的形容词形式是“disappointed”。故填joy/happiness；disappointed。 2. 它重达一吨。      It weighs a 　　　　　　　　. 【答案】ton 【解析】原句中“一吨”是关键词，表示“吨”的单词是ton。本句中空格位于不定冠词a之后，需用名词单数形式。 3. 中国在世界贸易中扮演着重要的角色。(完成译句) China plays 　　　　　　　　 important 　　　　　　　　 in world trade. 【答案】① an    ② role 【解析】对照中英文可知，缺少“角色”，用可数名词role，此处指中国扮演重要角色，用单数名词，表示泛指，且“important”以元音音素开头，用an修饰。故填an；role。 4. 春天是欣赏自然美景的最佳时刻。 Spring is the 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 the 　　　　　　　　 beauty. 【答案】① best    ② time    ③ to    ④ enjoy    ⑤ natural 【解析】原句中“最佳时刻”“欣赏自然美景”是关键词，“the best time to do sth.”表示“做某事的最佳时刻”，“enjoy the natural beauty”表示“欣赏自然美景”。 5. The boy disappointed his mother because he failed the exam. (改为一般疑问句) 　　　　　　　　 the boy 　　　　　　　　 his mother because he failed the exam? 【答案】① Did    ② disappoint 【解析】句意：这个男孩因为考试不及格，令他妈妈失望了。原句采用一般过去时，谓语动词是disappointed，改为一般疑问句，应在句首加助动词did，并将主语后的谓语动词改为动词原形，结构为“Did＋主语＋do (sth.)?”。故填Did；disappoint。 6. The climate heroes can help find fires early. （改为一般疑问句并作肯定或否定回答） 一般疑问句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 肯定回答：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 否定回答：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 【答案】① Can the climate heroes help find fires early?    ② Yes, they can.    ③ No, they can’t. 【解析】句意：气候英雄可以帮助及早发现火灾。原句含有情态动词can，变为一般疑问句时，将情态动词can提到句首，其余语序不变。肯定回答为：Yes, 主语+can；否定回答为：No, 主语+can’t。主语“The climate heroes”是复数，用代词they代替。 三、单项选择 1. Jeremy planted some ________ seeds and observed their growth. A. pea B. tomato C. potato D. cabbage 【答案】A 【解析】句意：杰里米种了一些豌豆种子并观察它们的生长。 pea豌豆；tomato番茄；potato土豆；cabbage卷心菜。只有pea常以seeds“种子”的形式种植、观察生长，其余几项一般不直接说“种子”。应填pea。 2. —What’s the most important thing in your life, Tom? —I think _________ is the key. Nothing can make me feel richer than being happy. A. goodness B. happiness C. illness D. darkness 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——汤姆，你生活中最重要的事情是什么？——我认为快乐是关键。没有什么比快乐更让我感到富有了。 考查名词辨析。goodness善良；happiness快乐；illness疾病；darkness黑暗。根据答语中“being happy”可知，此处应选择与快乐相关的词。故选B。 3. —What’s the ______ of the mountain? —It’s about 8,848 meters high. A. width B. length C. height D. weight 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——这座山多高？ ——它大约8848米高。 考查名词辨析。width宽度；length长度；height高度；weight重量。根据答语“It’s about 8,848 meters high.”可知，问句询问的是山的高度。故选C。 4. The girl doesn’t want to ________ her parents, so she studies hard at school. A. disappoint B. realize C. promise D. celebrate 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这个女孩不想让她的父母失望，所以她在学校努力学习。 考查动词辨析。disappoint使失望；realize意识到；promise承诺；celebrate庆祝。根据“so she studies hard at school”可知，她努力学习是为了不让父母“失望”。故选A。 5. In modern society, computers play an important ________ in our lives. A. service B. role C. seat D. rule 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在现代社会，电脑在我们的生活中扮演着重要角色。 考查名词辨析。service服务；role角色；seat座位；rule规则。play an important role in...是固定短语，意为“在……中扮演重要角色”。故选B。 6. I want to buy a ______ /taɪ/ for my father as a birthday gift. A. tie B. ton C. till D. lie 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我想给我爸爸买条领带作为生日礼物。 考查单词的读音。tie/taɪ/，领带；ton/tʌn/，吨；till/tɪl/，直到；lie/laɪ/，谎言。根据题干中的音标可知，此处是tie，故选A。 7. Which word is different from the others? A. joy B. happiness C. fun D. enjoy 【答案】D 【解析】句意：哪个单词与其他单词不同？ joy快乐；happiness幸福；fun乐趣；enjoy享受。A、B、C项均为名词，D项为动词，应填enjoy。 8. We get great ________ from learning paper-cutting and old traditions. A. lonely B. joy C. awake D. magic 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们从学习剪纸和古老传统中获得了巨大的乐趣。 lonely孤独的；joy乐趣；awake醒着的；magic魔法。根据“great”后接名词，且语境表示从传统文化学习中获得积极感受，joy符合题意。 9. —Why don’t you like this white shirt, Mike? —This white shirt is too big for me. It isn’t the right ________. A. price B. size C. colour D. style 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——迈克，你为什么不喜欢这件白衬衫？——这件白衬衫对我来说太大了。它不是合适的尺码。 price价格；size尺码；colour颜色；style款式。根据“This white shirt is too big for me.”可知衬衫太大了，说明尺码不合适。size符合语境。 10. My teacher always makes plans ________ our study and plays an important role ________ our school life. A. for; in B. of; for C. of; in D. for; for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我的老师总是为我们的学习制定计划，并在我们的学校生活中扮演重要的角色。 for为了；in在……之中；of……的。第一空，此处是固定短语make plans for意为“为……制定计划”，用for；第二空，此处是固定短语play a role in意为“在……中扮演角色/起作用”，用in。 11. How much ________ do you need for the fried vegetable? A. sauce B. mushroom C. potato D. tomato 【答案】A 【解析】句意：炒蔬菜需要多少酱汁？ 考查名词。sauce酱汁，不可数名词；mushroom蘑菇，可数名词；potato土豆，可数名词；tomato西红柿，可数名词。how much“多少”，后加不可数名词。故选A。 12. — What’s the ________ like in your city? — It often snows in winter. A. climate B. plant C. way 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你们城市的气候怎么样？——冬天经常下雪。 考查名词辨析。climate气候；plant植物；way方式。根据答句“It often snows in winter.”（冬天经常下雪）可知，对话在描述城市的气候特征。故选A。 一、选词填空 从方框中选择6个单词或短语，将其适当形式填入短文空白处（每词仅用一次）。 lead       reach       narrow       below       such as       miracle Sixty years ago, Saihanba in Hebei was a land of bare sand. Wang Shanghai 　　　　1　　　　 a team of 369 young workers to the high hills. Life was hard: they slept beside the 　　　　2　　　　 mountain paths, and in winter the temperature stayed far 　　　　3　　　　 zero. Many local people believed trees could never live on such land. But the team kept working, and after sixty years of planting, they were able to 　　　　4　　　　 their great goal: a sea of green. Today, visitors from all over the world—　　　　5　　　　 students, writers and TV crews—come to see this green 　　　　6　　　　. 【答案】1. led     2. narrow     3. below     4. reach     5. such as     6. miracle      【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了六十年前王尚海带领团队在河北塞罕坝艰苦植树，六十年后将荒漠变为绿洲的奇迹故事。 (1)题： 句意：王尚海带领一支由369名年轻工人组成的队伍来到高山。空处为句子谓语，结合“a team of 369 young workers”以及方框词可知，此处表示带领队伍，lead“带领”，动词，时间状语“Sixty years ago”表明，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词需用lead的过去式led。 (2)题： 句意：他们睡在狭窄的山路旁，冬天气温远低于零度。设空处修饰名词短语“mountain paths”，需用形容词，结合“Life was hard: they slept beside the”以及方框词可知，生活很艰苦，因此此处指狭窄的山路旁，narrow意为“狭窄的”，符合语境。 (3)题： 句意：他们睡在狭窄的山路旁，冬天气温远低于零度。结合“in winter the temperature stayed far...zero”以及方框词可知，表示温度在零度“以下”应用介词below，below zero意为“零度以下”，符合语境。 (4)题： 句意：但团队继续工作，经过六十年的种植，他们能够实现他们的伟大目标：一片绿色的海洋。be able to意为“能够”，后接动词原形，结合“their great goal”以及方框词可知，此处指达成目标，reach“达成”，动词，reach one’s goal意为“达成目标”，符合语境。 (5)题： 句意：如今，来自世界各地的游客——例如学生、作家和电视摄制组——前来参观这个绿色奇迹。设空后列举了students与writers等例子，因此此处表示“例如”，结合方框词，表示“例如”应用短语such as。 (6)题： 句意：如今，来自世界各地的游客——例如学生、作家和电视摄制组——前来参观这个绿色奇迹。this green后接名词单数，结合“their great goal: a sea of green”和本文王尚海带领团队在塞罕坝植树的主旨以及方框词可知，此处指他们将荒沙地变成绿色的海洋，所以是“绿色奇迹”，miracle意为“奇迹”，符合将荒漠变绿洲的语境。 二、完形填空 Dolphins are cute animals. They are one of the most 　　　　1　　　　 animals in the ocean. Scientists have done a lot of 　　　　2　　　　 on dolphins and found that they can communicate with each other. They use sounds and gestures (姿势) to talk to each other, and they can swim at high 　　　　3　　　　. Dolphins are also very 　　　　4　　　　. They often help humans in trouble (麻烦) at sea. There are many stories of dolphins 　　　　5　　　　 people from drowning (溺水). When dolphins find a ship 　　　　6　　　　, they may guide it. They are like 　　　　7　　　　 of the ocean. Dolphins live in groups. They travel together and take 　　　　8　　　　 of each other. Dolphins love to play. They often 　　　　9　　　　 out of the water and do flips (空翻). Dolphins can be found in oceans all over the world. They prefer warm waters and love to stay near the coast (海滨). They eat fish, and they have 　　　　10　　　　 of food in the ocean. 1. A. silent B. amazing C. lonely D. strict 2. A. research B. practice C. problems D. sentences 3. A. kilometre B. race C. speed D. shape 4. A. friendly B. natural C. serious D. boring 5. A. hunting B. rescuing C. changing D. treating 6. A. off B. away C. up D. lost 7. A. doctors B. mirrors C. workers D. heroes 8. A. support B. care C. need D. protection 9. A. jump B. skate C. walk D. shake 10. A. many B. part C. plenty D. full 【答案】1. B     2. A     3. C     4. A     5. B     6. D     7. D     8. B     9. A     10. C      【解析】本文主要介绍了海豚的特点、智慧、与人类的友好关系、救助行为以及它们的生活习性和群体行为，展现海豚的可爱与神奇。 (1)题： 句意：它们是海洋中最令人惊奇的动物之一。 根据上文“Dolphins are cute animals.”及下文科学家研究它们可知，海豚很神奇，填amazing。silent“安静的”、lonely“孤独的”和strict“严格的”均不符。 (2)题： 句意：科学家对海豚做了大量研究，发现它们可以互相交流。 do research on是固定搭配，表示“做研究”，故填research。practice“练习”、problems“问题”和sentences“句子”均不符。 (3)题： 句意：它们通过声音和姿态彼此沟通，并且可以高速游泳。 at high speed是固定搭配，表示“高速”，故填speed。kilometre“公里”、race“比赛”和shape“形状”均不符。 (4)题： 句意：海豚也很友好。 根据下文“They often help humans in trouble at sea.”可知，它们很友好，填friendly。natural“自然的”、serious“严肃的”和boring“无聊的”均不符。 (5)题： 句意：有许多海豚营救溺水者的故事。 根据“people from drowning”可知，是营救生命，填rescuing。hunting“猎杀”、changing“改变”和treating“治疗”均不符。 (6)题： 句意：当海豚发现船只迷路时，它们可能会为船只领航。 根据“they may guide it”可知，指的是船迷路了，填lost。off作形容词意为“关闭的，休息的”，语义不符；away“远离”和up“向上”是副词，不能作find的宾语补足语，均不符。 (7)题： 句意：它们像海洋英雄。 根据海豚救助人类和引导船只的行为可知，它们像英雄，填heroes。doctors“医生”、mirrors“镜子”和workers“工人”均不符。 (8)题： 句意：它们结伴游动，互相照顾。 take care of是固定搭配，表示“照顾”，故填care。support“支持”、need“需要”和protection“保护”均不符。 (9)题： 句意：它们经常跃出水面，做空翻动作。 根据“out of the water”可知，是跳出水面，填jump。skate“滑冰”、walk“走”和shake“摇”均不符。 (10)题： 句意：它们以鱼为食，在海洋中有充足的食物。 plenty of是固定搭配，表示“大量”，故填plenty。many“许多”后接可数名词，part“部分的”，full“满的”搭配be full of，均不符。 一、阅读单选 A篇 You may not realize it, but frogs play an important role in our planet’s ecosystem. The smallest frogs are about the size of a pea, while larger ones can grow as big as a human hand. Many people know that frogs help to protect farms by eating insects. However, not everyone understands their importance in nature. Frogs can live on land and in water. Because of this, they are popular subjects in studies on climate change and the ecosystem. Scientists study frogs to learn about the health of the environment. If frogs are in danger, it means the environment may also be in danger. 1. What role do frogs play in the ecosystem? A. They eat plants. B. They protect farms by eating insects. C. They clean the water. D. They make honey. 2. How big can the largest frogs grow? A. The size of a pea. B. The size of a human hand. C. The size of a cat. D. The size of a dog. 3. Where can frogs live? A. Only on land. B. Only in water. C. On land and in water. D. Only in trees. 4. Why do scientists study frogs? A. To learn about the health of the environment. B. To catch them for food. C. To sell them as pets. D. To make medicine. 5. If frogs are in danger, what does it mean? A. The environment is safe. B. The environment may also be in danger. C. People will have more food. D. The weather will be better. 【答案】1. B     2. B     3. C     4. A     5. B      【解析】本文介绍了青蛙在生态系统中的重要性，强调了保护青蛙的必要性。 (1)题： 根据文章第三句“Many people know that frogs help to protect farms by eating insects.”可知，青蛙在生态系统中的作用是通过捕食昆虫来保护农场。 (2)题： 根据文章第二句“The smallest frogs are about the size of a pea, while larger ones can grow as big as a human hand.”可知，最大的青蛙可以长到人手的大小。 (3)题： 根据文章第五句“Frogs can live on land and in water.”可知，青蛙的栖息地包括陆地和水域。 (4)题： 根据文章倒数第二句“Scientists study frogs to learn about the health of the environment.”可知，科学家研究青蛙的目的是为了了解环境的健康程度。 (5)题： 根据文章最后一句“If frogs are in danger, it means the environment may also be in danger.”可知，青蛙的危险状况预示着环境可能也面临危险。 B篇 Speaking of penguins, here’s something you might not believe: Penguin poop (粪便) actually plays a huge part in keeping the Antarctic climate cool. Penguin poop is something more than waste. When penguins eat fish and tiny sea animals, their bodies break down the food and make poop with ammonia (氨) in it. Once the ammonia from the poop goes into the air, it turns into tiny particles (微粒) we can’t see. Here comes the interesting part: Around Antarctica, there are many small plants called algae (海藻) in the ocean. As these plants grow and die, they make particles too. When the ammonia particles from penguin poop meet these algae particles, they mix and form even smaller particles. These new particles help water in the air turn into clouds. These low clouds act like big umbrellas in the sky. They are white and they reflect (反射) sunlight into space, so these clouds stop the Sun’s heat from reaching the ground. This keeps Antarctica cool. Even though these clouds are amazing at cooling Antarctica, there’s a problem we can’t forget: climate change. It is mainly caused by human activities. Scientists are still trying to find out how these low clouds will change in a warmer world. Understanding this is important because even small changes in these clouds can affect the Antarctic and the whole world’s climate. 1.（新考向 开篇方式 ）How does the writer start the text? A. By telling a story. B. By giving a fact. C. By giving examples. D. By asking questions. 2. What happens to the ammonia after it goes into the air? A. It falls as rain. B. It turns into big ice. C. It mixes with seawater. D. It turns into tiny particles. 3. （新考向 代词指代） What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. Antarctica. B. The cloud. C. Climate change. D. The human activity. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Different clouds in Antarctica B. The eating habits of penguins C. The importance of climate change D. The surprising power of penguin poop 【答案】1. B     2. D     3. C     4. D      【解析】本文介绍了企鹅粪便的奇特作用：粪便中的氨形成微粒，与海藻微粒结合促成云层，云层反射阳光从而给南极降温，同时提及人类活动引发的气候变化会带来潜在影响。 (1)题： 推理判断题。根据原文首段“Speaking of penguins, here’s something you might not believe: Penguin poop actually plays a huge part in keeping the Antarctic climate cool.”可知，作者开篇直接抛出一个客观新奇的事实来引入全文。 (2)题： 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“Once the ammonia from the poop goes into the air, it turns into tiny particles we can’t see.”可知，氨气进入空气后会变成微小的微粒。 (3)题： 词句猜测题。根据原文第五段“there’s a problem we can’t forget: climate change. It is mainly caused by human activities.”可知，代词It指代前文刚提到的climate change（气候变化）。 (4)题： 最佳标题题。全文围绕企鹅粪便能助力南极降温这一奇特作用展开讲解，D选项“The surprising power of penguin poop”可以完整概括文章核心。 阅读单选 （来源:2026年江苏省宿迁市中考英语试题） The year 2026 marks the Year of the Horse in the Chinese lunar calendar. Horses are liked by people all over the world. But how much do you know about them? The eyes of horses are located on the sides of their heads, so they can see almost 360 degrees around themselves. They can move their ears to hear sounds. They can even hear other horses from up to 2 kilometers away. A horse’s lungs can hold about 60 liters of air while a human’s can only hold around 6 liters. This helps horses breathe in lots of oxygen when they run and play. However, they only sleep about 3 hours a day and sometimes sleep standing up. Isn’t it amazing? Though horses may be of less practical importance in modern society, their spirits still run deeply through Chinese culture. We can experience them in many Chinese idioms (习语). A talented person is often called Qianlima, an energetic horse that covers a thousand li a day. If someone takes the lead in an activity, we will say Yimadangxian. Besides, there are also some horse-related English idioms. A dark horse is a little-known person or team that surprises everyone by winning. A workhorse is a person who does a lot of work without complaints.      ▲      They can remember their human friends after long periods of separation (分离). Horses are loyal. They stick to their owners through wind and rain and never leave easily. Horses are determined (坚定的). They keep finishing long-distance races no matter how tired they are. People born in the Year of the Horse are said to share such good qualities. So, do you have a friend or a family member who enjoys 2026 as his or her animal year? 1. How does the writer make the facts about horses more interesting in Paragraph 2? A. By listing numbers. B. By comparing ideas. C. By asking questions. D. By using time order. 2. What do you call a little-known person who surprises everyone by winning in Paragraph 3? A. Qianlima. B. Yimadangxian. C. A dark horse. D. A workhorse. 3. Which sentence can be put in the “     ▲     ” in Paragraph 4? A. Horses are brave. B. Horses are clever. C. Horses are energetic. D. Horses are powerful. 4. What is the text mainly about? A. Horses are easily tired. B. Horses are determined. C. Some horse-related Chinese idioms. D. Some features and spirits of horses. 【答案】1. A     2. C     3. B     4. D      【解析】本文是一篇说明文，以2026马年为切入点，介绍马的生理特征、与马相关的中英习语、马的优秀精神品质，人们认为属马的人具备这些美好品质。 (1)题： 根据文章第2段“they can see almost 360 degrees around themselves. They can even hear other horses from up to 2 kilometers away. A horse’s lungs can hold about 60 liters of air while a human’s can only hold around 6 liters. However, they only sleep about 3 hours a day and sometimes sleep standing up.”可知，第2段使用大量具体数字介绍马的特点，作者通过列数字的方式让相关事实更直观有趣。 (2)题： 根据文章第3段“A dark horse is a little-known person or team that surprises everyone by winning.”可知，不被人熟知却取胜让人意外的人叫作a dark horse。 (3)题： 根据文章第4段空后“They can remember their human friends after long periods of separation.”，由此可知马在长久分离后还能记住人类朋友，体现马很聪明。 (4)题： 全文围绕马展开，既介绍了马的生理特征，也讲述了与马相关的习语和马的精神品质，核心内容是马的特征与精神。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Vocabulary in Use A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. —How much does the stone weigh? —It weighs about a 　　　　　　　　 (吨). 2. 　　　　　　　　 (蘑菇) make healthy meals magic. 3. In China, more and more people realized the seriousness of 　　　　　　　　 (气候) change. 4. The soup is made up of tomatoes, meat and 　　　　　　　　 (豌豆). 5. All of these come in different 　　　　　　　　(尺寸). 6. Spending time with family brings the greatest h　　　　　　　　 to most people. 7. Frogs play an important r　　　　　　　　　　 in the ecosystem. 8. He is very tall. His h　　　　　　　　　　 is 1.85 metres. 9. She felt great j　　　　　　　　　　 when she saw the beautiful flowers. 10. I’ll never forget my head teacher because he plays an important r　　　　　　　　 in my study life. 11. I felt very 　　　　　　　　　 (disappoint) when I failed the mid-term exam. 12. He 　　　　　　　　 (enjoy) the trip very much. (用 will) 二、完成句子 1. 观鸟者在森林发现稀有鸟类时满心喜悦，后来看到它受伤又很失望。 Finding a rare bird in the forest filled birdwatchers with 　　　　　　　　, but seeing it injured later made them 　　　　　　　　. 2. 它重达一吨。      It weighs a 　　　　　　　　. 3. 中国在世界贸易中扮演着重要的角色。(完成译句) China plays 　　　　　　　　 important 　　　　　　　　 in world trade. 4. 春天是欣赏自然美景的最佳时刻。 Spring is the 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 the 　　　　　　　　 beauty. 5. The boy disappointed his mother because he failed the exam. (改为一般疑问句) 　　　　　　　　 the boy 　　　　　　　　 his mother because he failed the exam? 6. The climate heroes can help find fires early. （改为一般疑问句并作肯定或否定回答） 一般疑问句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 肯定回答：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 否定回答：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 三、单项选择 1. Jeremy planted some ________ seeds and observed their growth. A. pea B. tomato C. potato D. cabbage 2. —What’s the most important thing in your life, Tom? —I think _________ is the key. Nothing can make me feel richer than being happy. A. goodness B. happiness C. illness D. darkness 3. —What’s the ______ of the mountain? —It’s about 8,848 meters high. A. width B. length C. height D. weight 4. The girl doesn’t want to ________ her parents, so she studies hard at school. A. disappoint B. realize C. promise D. celebrate 5. In modern society, computers play an important ________ in our lives. A. service B. role C. seat D. rule 6. I want to buy a ______ /taɪ/ for my father as a birthday gift. A. tie B. ton C. till D. lie 7. Which word is different from the others? A. joy B. happiness C. fun D. enjoy 8. We get great ________ from learning paper-cutting and old traditions. A. lonely B. joy C. awake D. magic 9. —Why don’t you like this white shirt, Mike? —This white shirt is too big for me. It isn’t the right ________. A. price B. size C. colour D. style 10. My teacher always makes plans ________ our study and plays an important role ________ our school life. A. for; in B. of; for C. of; in D. for; for 11. How much ________ do you need for the fried vegetable? A. sauce B. mushroom C. potato D. tomato 12. — What’s the ________ like in your city? — It often snows in winter. A. climate B. plant C. way 一、选词填空 从方框中选择6个单词或短语，将其适当形式填入短文空白处（每词仅用一次）。 lead       reach       narrow       below       such as       miracle Sixty years ago, Saihanba in Hebei was a land of bare sand. Wang Shanghai 　　　　1　　　　 a team of 369 young workers to the high hills. Life was hard: they slept beside the 　　　　2　　　　 mountain paths, and in winter the temperature stayed far 　　　　3　　　　 zero. Many local people believed trees could never live on such land. But the team kept working, and after sixty years of planting, they were able to 　　　　4　　　　 their great goal: a sea of green. Today, visitors from all over the world—　　　　5　　　　 students, writers and TV crews—come to see this green 　　　　6　　　　. 二、完形填空 Dolphins are cute animals. They are one of the most 　　　　1　　　　 animals in the ocean. Scientists have done a lot of 　　　　2　　　　 on dolphins and found that they can communicate with each other. They use sounds and gestures (姿势) to talk to each other, and they can swim at high 　　　　3　　　　. Dolphins are also very 　　　　4　　　　. They often help humans in trouble (麻烦) at sea. There are many stories of dolphins 　　　　5　　　　 people from drowning (溺水). When dolphins find a ship 　　　　6　　　　, they may guide it. They are like 　　　　7　　　　 of the ocean. Dolphins live in groups. They travel together and take 　　　　8　　　　 of each other. Dolphins love to play. They often 　　　　9　　　　 out of the water and do flips (空翻). Dolphins can be found in oceans all over the world. They prefer warm waters and love to stay near the coast (海滨). They eat fish, and they have 　　　　10　　　　 of food in the ocean. 1. A. silent B. amazing C. lonely D. strict 2. A. research B. practice C. problems D. sentences 3. A. kilometre B. race C. speed D. shape 4. A. friendly B. natural C. serious D. boring 5. A. hunting B. rescuing C. changing D. treating 6. A. off B. away C. up D. lost 7. A. doctors B. mirrors C. workers D. heroes 8. A. support B. care C. need D. protection 9. A. jump B. skate C. walk D. shake 10. A. many B. part C. plenty D. full 一、阅读单选 A篇 You may not realize it, but frogs play an important role in our planet’s ecosystem. The smallest frogs are about the size of a pea, while larger ones can grow as big as a human hand. Many people know that frogs help to protect farms by eating insects. However, not everyone understands their importance in nature. Frogs can live on land and in water. Because of this, they are popular subjects in studies on climate change and the ecosystem. Scientists study frogs to learn about the health of the environment. If frogs are in danger, it means the environment may also be in danger. 1. What role do frogs play in the ecosystem? A. They eat plants. B. They protect farms by eating insects. C. They clean the water. D. They make honey. 2. How big can the largest frogs grow? A. The size of a pea. B. The size of a human hand. C. The size of a cat. D. The size of a dog. 3. Where can frogs live? A. Only on land. B. Only in water. C. On land and in water. D. Only in trees. 4. Why do scientists study frogs? A. To learn about the health of the environment. B. To catch them for food. C. To sell them as pets. D. To make medicine. 5. If frogs are in danger, what does it mean? A. The environment is safe. B. The environment may also be in danger. C. People will have more food. D. The weather will be better. B篇 Speaking of penguins, here’s something you might not believe: Penguin poop (粪便) actually plays a huge part in keeping the Antarctic climate cool. Penguin poop is something more than waste. When penguins eat fish and tiny sea animals, their bodies break down the food and make poop with ammonia (氨) in it. Once the ammonia from the poop goes into the air, it turns into tiny particles (微粒) we can’t see. Here comes the interesting part: Around Antarctica, there are many small plants called algae (海藻) in the ocean. As these plants grow and die, they make particles too. When the ammonia particles from penguin poop meet these algae particles, they mix and form even smaller particles. These new particles help water in the air turn into clouds. These low clouds act like big umbrellas in the sky. They are white and they reflect (反射) sunlight into space, so these clouds stop the Sun’s heat from reaching the ground. This keeps Antarctica cool. Even though these clouds are amazing at cooling Antarctica, there’s a problem we can’t forget: climate change. It is mainly caused by human activities. Scientists are still trying to find out how these low clouds will change in a warmer world. Understanding this is important because even small changes in these clouds can affect the Antarctic and the whole world’s climate. 1.（新考向 开篇方式 ）How does the writer start the text? A. By telling a story. B. By giving a fact. C. By giving examples. D. By asking questions. 2. What happens to the ammonia after it goes into the air? A. It falls as rain. B. It turns into big ice. C. It mixes with seawater. D. It turns into tiny particles. 3. （新考向 代词指代） What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. Antarctica. B. The cloud. C. Climate change. D. The human activity. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Different clouds in Antarctica B. The eating habits of penguins C. The importance of climate change D. The surprising power of penguin poop 阅读单选 （来源:2026年江苏省宿迁市中考英语试题） The year 2026 marks the Year of the Horse in the Chinese lunar calendar. Horses are liked by people all over the world. But how much do you know about them? The eyes of horses are located on the sides of their heads, so they can see almost 360 degrees around themselves. They can move their ears to hear sounds. They can even hear other horses from up to 2 kilometers away. A horse’s lungs can hold about 60 liters of air while a human’s can only hold around 6 liters. This helps horses breathe in lots of oxygen when they run and play. However, they only sleep about 3 hours a day and sometimes sleep standing up. Isn’t it amazing? Though horses may be of less practical importance in modern society, their spirits still run deeply through Chinese culture. We can experience them in many Chinese idioms (习语). A talented person is often called Qianlima, an energetic horse that covers a thousand li a day. If someone takes the lead in an activity, we will say Yimadangxian. Besides, there are also some horse-related English idioms. A dark horse is a little-known person or team that surprises everyone by winning. A workhorse is a person who does a lot of work without complaints.      ▲      They can remember their human friends after long periods of separation (分离). Horses are loyal. They stick to their owners through wind and rain and never leave easily. Horses are determined (坚定的). They keep finishing long-distance races no matter how tired they are. People born in the Year of the Horse are said to share such good qualities. So, do you have a friend or a family member who enjoys 2026 as his or her animal year? 1. How does the writer make the facts about horses more interesting in Paragraph 2? A. By listing numbers. B. By comparing ideas. C. By asking questions. D. By using time order. 2. What do you call a little-known person who surprises everyone by winning in Paragraph 3? A. Qianlima. B. Yimadangxian. C. A dark horse. D. A workhorse. 3. Which sentence can be put in the “     ▲     ” in Paragraph 4? A. Horses are brave. B. Horses are clever. C. Horses are energetic. D. Horses are powerful. 4. What is the text mainly about? A. Horses are easily tired. B. Horses are determined. C. Some horse-related Chinese idioms. D. Some features and spirits of horses. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $