精品解析：北京市朝阳区北京中学2026-2027学年新高三英语入学考试试题

2026-2027学年新高三入学定位考试 英语试题 说明：试题总分为100分；考试时间为90分钟；本试卷上所有题的答案务必填写在答题卷相应的位置。 第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Sweat began to form on my forehead. I opened my mouth but only shot out a staccato (断断续续的声音) of “Buh-buh, buh-buh, b-bonjour”. My heart sank. As I ___1___ through my French presentation, I could feel my classmates’ eyes destroying any ___2___ of my confidence. Word by word, I stumbled onward. It was a new low. A few days later, I heard that school was to bring back the Poinsettia campaign during Christmas. The gift-giving and promotion activities during the festival had always been my favourite. Moreover, the campaign was a tradition that had ___3___ a few years earlier. Yet it involved public speeches at the school auditorium. I was caught in a mental struggle for days before my brother ___4___ me to have a try. The night before the conference, I spent hours practicing. Whenever I got stuck on a word, I changed it to an easier one. By the time I had finished, my throat ached. But I created a stutter(结巴)-friendly speech that would last long enough. The whole conference has faded in my memory. All I remember is walking to the stage on ___5___ legs. My stutter felt ready to mercilessly embarrass me in front of the entire school. I took a deep breath and got ready for the word staccatos to shoot out. But the strangest thing happened—I spoke ___6___. Word after word flowed off my tongue, and a moment later, the audience’s applause rang in the air. After this experience, life continued as normal, but the ___7___ I had undergone was apparent. Rather than avoiding anything that involved public speaking, I started to live more ___8___ and even take leadership roles. My confidence boomed. Finally, I was selected as student president. Looking back, I am amazed at the amount of change that can happen in a year. Having been caught up in a terrible ___9___ where my stutter ate away my confidence, I needed the Poinsettia Campaign to break out of it. While my stutter still strikes now and then, I no longer allow it to affect me. What happens now if I stutter? A moment of _____10_____, but that’s it. 1. A. saw B. pulled C. struggled D. walked 2. A. signs B. remains C. parts D. tracks 3. A. broken out B. run out C. died out D. turned out 4. A. convinced B. contacted C. invited D. reminded 5. A. strong B. shaky C. steady D. still 6. A. fluently B. awkwardly C. repeatedly D. loudly 7. A. change B. difficulty C. horror D. test 8. A. carefully B. secretly C. freely D. actively 9. A. mistake B. rush C. conflict D. cycle 10. A. regret B. anger C. sorrow D. embarrassment 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍作者因口吃在法语展示中受挫，后借圣诞活动克服恐惧，重拾自信并实现成长的故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我艰难地完成法语展示时，我能感觉到同学们的目光正在摧毁我仅存的一点自信。A. saw看见；B. pulled拉；C. struggled艰难地做；D. walked走。根据上文“I opened my mouth but only shot out a staccato (断断续续的声音) of “Buh-buh, buh-buh, b-bonjour”.”及下文“Word by word, I stumbled onward”可知，作者口吃严重，展示过程很艰难。故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我艰难地完成法语展示时，我能感觉到同学们的目光正在摧毁我仅存的一点自信。A. signs迹象；B. remains剩余部分，残骸；C. parts部分；D. tracks轨迹。根据下文的“Word by word, I stumbled onward.”可知，口吃的窘迫状态让作者跌跌撞撞地继续着，由此可推断，此处指的是同学们的目光让作者仅有的一点自信也消失了，符合语境。故选B项。 【3题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：此外，这项活动是几年前就已经消失的传统。A. broken out爆发；B. run out用完；C. died out消失；D. turned out结果是。根据上文“school was to bring back the Promsition campaign”可知，它曾消失过，“died out”符合语境。故选C项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我陷入了几天的思想斗争，直到我哥哥说服我试一试。A. convinced说服；B. contacted联系；C. invited邀请；D. reminded提醒。根据上文的“I was caught in a mental struggle”及下文的“to have a try”可知，哥哥是说服了纠结的作者。故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只记得我迈着颤抖的双腿走向舞台。A. strong强壮的；B. shaky颤抖的；C. steady稳定的；D. still静止的。根据下文“My stutter felt ready to mercilessly embarrass me”可知，作者因担心口吃尴尬而紧张，双腿会颤抖。故选B项。 【6题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但最奇怪的事情发生了——我说话很流利。A. fluently流利地；B. awkwardly尴尬地；C. repeatedly重复地；D. loudly大声地。根据上文的“But”及后文“Word after word flowed off my tongue”可知，作者此次没有口吃，说话很流利，“fluently”与前文的口吃形成对比。故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次经历之后，生活依旧，但我所经历的变化是显而易见的。A. change变化；B. difficulty困难；C. horror恐惧；D. test测试。根据下文“Rather than avoiding anything that involved public speaking, I started to live more ___8___ and even take leadership roles.”可知，作者在经历后发生了明显变化。故选A项。 【8题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不再回避任何涉及公开演讲的事情，反而开始更积极地生活，甚至担任起领导职务。A. carefully仔细地；B. secretly秘密地；C. freely自由地；D. actively积极地。根据上文的“Rather than avoiding anything that involved public speaking”及下文的“take leadership roles”可知，作者变得积极主动。故选D项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾陷入一个可怕的循环，口吃吞噬了我的自信，我需要Poinsettia Campaign来打破它。A. mistake错误；B. rush匆忙；C. conflict冲突；D. cycle循环。根据下文“where my stutter ate away my confidence”可知，口吃导致自信缺失，由此可知，此处指的是可能形成恶性循环，“cycle”符合语境，指“口吃—缺自信”的循环。故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：会有一瞬间的尴尬，但仅此而已。A. regret后悔；B. anger愤怒；C. sorrow悲伤；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据上文“My stutter felt ready to mercilessly embarrass me”可知，口吃曾让作者尴尬，但现在作者已释怀，只偶尔有瞬间尴尬，“embarrassment”呼应前文。故选D项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Rapa Nui, widely ____11____ (know) as Easter Island, is a Chilean territory in the Pacific Ocean. The island is home ____12____ a French-born artist. The artist, Delphine Poulain, was born in Paris 52 years ago and has been in love with Rapa Nui since she first visited in 1994. She smiles at the memory. “I ____13____ (ride) a horse through the beach when I first thought ‘I want to live here,’” she said. Then, Poulain worked as a professional sailor. One trip to Rapa Nui was enough to envision a future home in this tranquil land, though almost three decades passed before that dream ____14____ (come) true. 【答案】11. known 12. to 13. was riding 14. came 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍复活节岛（拉帕努伊岛）及法国出生的艺术家德尔菲娜·普兰在该岛的生活愿景与经历。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：拉帕努伊岛，常被称为复活节岛，是太平洋上的智利领土。该句中已有谓语动词is，且无连词，此处为非谓语动词，Rapa Nui与know为被动关系，用过去分词known作后置定语。故填known。 【12题详解】 考查介词。句意：这座岛上住着一位法国出生的艺术家。此处为固定搭配“be home to”，意为“是……的家园/所在地”符合句意，所以用介词to。故填to。 【13题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：“我当时正骑马穿过海滩，就在那一刻，我第一次萌生了‘我想住在这里’的念头，”她说。此处为固定句型“be doing…when…”意为“当一件事经发生时，另一件事情发生”，结合when引导的从句中的谓语动词thought可知，此处使用过去进行时，主语为第一人称，谓语动词用was riding。故填was riding。 【14题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：虽然过了将近30年这个梦想才实现，但一次拉帕努伊岛之行就足以让她憧憬在这片宁静的土地上拥有一个未来的家。此处为谓语动词，结合上文的谓语动词passed可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为came。故填came。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 For too long, pop-science ____15____ (see) as a tool to better teach science to schoolchildren, but not adults. It is absolutely necessary to teach pop-science to children, ____16____ sense of science has a bearing on the nation’s scientific development. However, the adults’ need to study science should not be neglected. There are so many scientific developments adults will need to keep abreast of, especially during a pandemic. How do masks protect one from the virus? What other measures must one take to stay healthy? The more adults ____17____ (sharp) their scientific temper, the more attention they can pay to their children’s knowledge too. 【答案】15. has been seen 16. whose 17. sharpen 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述科普不应仅面向儿童，成年人也需学习科普以跟上科学发展。 【15题详解】 考查动词语态和时态。句意：长期以来，科普一直被视为向学龄儿童而非成年人更好地传授科学知识的工具。此处为谓语动词，根据“For too long”可知，用现在完成时；且pop-science与see为被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，主语pop-science为不可数名词，所以谓语动词为has been seen。故填has been seen。 【16题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：向儿童传授科普知识是绝对必要的，他们的科学意识关系到国家的科学发展。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为children，在从句中作定语，与空后的sense of science为所属关系，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：成年人的科学素养越高，他们也能越多地关注孩子的知识学习。此处为谓语动词，描述客观情况，用一般现在时；主语the more adults为复数，所以用sharp的动词原形sharpen意为“提高、增强”。故填sharpen。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Age is no criterion when it comes to ____18____ (change) your life. In fact, it might be just the opposite. The older we get, the more we must change. Change is ____19____ keeps us fresh and innovative. When we are young, it’s easy to experiment with different things. The older we get, the more set in our ways we become. We’ve found out what our comfort level is, and we all want to stay in it. We must fight through this. We must tell ____20____ (us) to look fear straight in the eye and take it on. 【答案】18. changing 19. what 20. ourselves 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述年龄并非改变生活的标准，人越年长越需改变以保持活力。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：谈到改变生活，年龄并非评判标准。此处为固定搭配“when it comes to doing sth.”，意为“当谈及做某事时”，其中to为介词，后接动名词形式，所以用changing。故填changing。 【19题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：改变是让我们保持鲜活与创新的事物。此处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代“让我们保持鲜活与创新的事物”，用连接代词what。故填what。 【20题详解】 考查代词。句意：我们必须告诉自己要直视恐惧并勇敢面对它。此处主语和宾语指同一群体“我们”，用we的反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Summer Science Program (SSP) is a nonprofit organization that provides an experimental science experience for high school seniors who’ll soon go through college application. As one of the oldest pre-college enrichment programs, SSP is uniquely run by former members of this wonderful community. Their previous experiences with SSP have led them to actively support the program through donations and volunteering. The program structure involves twelve teams guided by a faculty of seven. Students work in teams of three to undertake a hands-on research project, fostering collaboration, challenge, and inclusivity. Over 39 days, these teams dig into their research, forming a close-knit learning community. Admission to SSP is open to high school juniors globally, with a holistic (整体的) approach that values academic excellence and motivation. The program ensures diversity and provides financial aid to all admitted students, making sure talented young people won’ get shut out. The SSP community thrives on cooperative research, offering, a refreshing replacement to competitive school environments. The absence of exams and grades focuses students on personal growth and the establishment of a supportive network with peers and alumni. Research opportunities are available in fields such as Astrophysics, Biochemistry, or Genomics. with each program hosted by a university partner. The curriculum is advanced, paced for college-level understanding, and integrated with the research project. The schedule is packed with learning, guest lectures from professionals, visits to scientifie institutions, and social events, ensuring a well-rounded and enjoyable summer for participants. The SSP experience is not just about science; it’s about personal and communal growth, making it an enriching and memorable program for high school seniors. 21. What is special about SSP? A. It’s operated by former graduates. B. It’s built upon previous experiences. C. It requires recommendations by faculty. D. It provides guidance on college application. 22. To get accepted by SSP, participants need to_______. A. pay a certain sum of fees B. adopt a holistic approach C. be able to design projects D. be excellent in academics 23. At SSP, participants will _______. A. have a few exams to sit B. engage in competitive activities C. get various research opportunities D. attend lectures in scientific institutions 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。暑期科学项目(SSP)是一个非营利组织，为即将申请大学的高中毕业生提供实验科学体验。短文介绍了关于它的相关信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“SSP is uniquely run by former members of this wonderful community”（SSP 是由这个社区的前成员独一无二地经营的）可知，SSP的特别之处在于它是由以前的成员运营的。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Admission to SSP is open to high school juniors globally, with a holistic(整体的) approach that values academic excellence and motivation”（SSP向全球初中生开放，采用全方位的方法，重视学业成绩和学习动机）可知，SSP的录取标准是学术优秀和有动力。故选D。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Research opportunities are available in fields such as Astrophysics, Biochemistry, or Genomics”（研究机会可以在天体物理学、生物化学或基因组学等领域获得）可知，SSP的参与者将有各种研究机会。故选C。 B All the Light We Cannot See is about a blind girl named Marie-Laure, who lives in Paris, France, in the 1930s. When the Nazis invade in 1940, she and her father are forced to leave the city. They escape to a countryside town to hide with Marie-Laure’s great uncle, Etierine. After several months, Marie-Laure’s father gets arrested. She continues to live with Etienne, and they start passing on secret signals to aid the French Resistance movement. Werner Pfennig is a German orphan with a hobby of listening to science and music programs on an old radio. Developing a talent for fixing radios, he is later hired by the Nazis to help them track enemy radio signals during the war. One day, he picks up a signal that is coming from Etienne’s home in France. Anyway, Maric-Laure and Werner meet and develop a strong relationship. Can these poor souls find a way to escape this horrible war together? Anthony Doerr is an American author from Cleveland, Ohio. Critics have praised Doerr’s writing for his short, sharp sentences and attention to detail. All the Light We Cannot See is his second novel, which was published in 2014. It quickly became a New York Times best-seller and won a Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. The amazing novel gives readers a look at the ugly face of war. Throughout the book, we see how war can destroy people’s lives in the blink (眨眼) of an eye. Characters such as Etienne and Marie-Laure’s father disappear in an instant and are never heard from again. However, war is also shown to bring out the best in people. The characters who survive must show great courage and strength when they face challenges. Another important idea is the importance of science and technology. Doerr suggests that technologies, such as the radio, are helpful to society if they are used with good intentions. However, if technologies fall into the hands of evil (邪恶), they can cause great destruction. 24. How does Marie-Laure and Etienne help fight against Nazis? A. By providing information. B. By joining French army. C. By tracking radio signals. D. By making their life public. 25. Anthony Doerr’s writings are highly thought of because . A. they are short in length B. they are full of interesting details C. he is a prize winner D. he is economical with words 26. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Science and technology should be valued. B. War destroys everything on its way. C. Technology is a double-edge sword. D. Technology plays a key role in war. 27. In which section of a magazine is the passage most likely to be seen? A. Great Writers. B. Book Club. C. Everyday Hero. D. Hit Movies. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了小说All the Light We Cannot See和它的作者Anthony Doerr。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“She continues to live with Etienne, and they start passing on secret signals to aid the French Resistance movement.”（她继续和Etienne住在一起，他们开始传递秘密信号，以帮助法国抵抗运动。）可知，Marie-Laure和Etienne通过提供信息来帮助反纳粹斗争。故选A项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Critics have praised Doerr’s writing for his short, sharp sentences and attention to detail.”（评论家们称赞Doerr的作品，因为他的句子短小精悍，而且注重细节。）可知，Anthony Doerr的作品被高度评价是因为他用词非常简练。故选D项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Doerr suggests that technologies, such as the radio, are helpful to society if they are used with good intentions. However, if technologies fall into the hands of evil (邪恶), they can cause great destruction.”（Doerr认为，如果人们怀着好的意图使用诸如收音机之类的技术，它们对社会是有益的。然而，如果技术落入邪恶之手，它们可能会造成巨大的破坏。）可知，技术可以对社会有益，也可以带来破坏。由此可知，技术是一把双刃剑。故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了小说All the Light We Cannot See以及它的作者Anthony Doerr，主要描绘了小说的情节和主题，并分享了作家的写作风格。由此推知，文章主要围绕图书展开，可能出自杂志的“读书俱乐部”栏目。故选B项。 C Forty years ago, the research psychologist Dr Paul Ekman was asked a question: is there any way you can be sure people are telling the truth? Ekman did not know the answer then, but he wanted to find out. He first filmed a series of 12-minute interviews with patients. In a subsequent conversation, one of the patients told him she had lied to him. So Ekman sat and looked at the film. Suddenly, he saw it: an intense expression of extreme pains. He termed his discovery “micro-expressions”: very rapid, intense demonstrations of emotion that the subject intended to hide. Over the next four decades, Ekman successfully demonstrated a proposition that the ways in which we express rage, disgust, contempt, fear, surprise, happiness and sadness are universal. The facial muscles triggered by those seven basic emotions are essentially standard regardless of language and culture, from east to west. Also, expressions of emotion are impossible to control and, particularly when we are lying, micro-expressions of powerfully felt emotions will inevitably flit across our face before we get the chance to stop them. Fortunately for liars, most people will fail to spot these fleeting signals of inner torment. Of the 15,000 Ekman has tested, only 50 people have been able to do it. But given a little more training, almost anyone can develop the skill. Since the first publication of this research, Ekman has been called in by law-enforcement and other agencies around the world, not just to solve cases, but to teach them how to use his technique. He has also held workshops for lawyers, health professionals, even couples, all of whom want to know exactly when someone is not being 100 percent candid. Ekman insists that a “true” lie must have two essential characteristics: there must be a deliberate intention to mislead and there must be no notification that this is what is occurring. This means that an actor isn't a true liar. They are supposed to deceive you — it’s part of the game — and the same is true of flattery. Ekman prefers to focus on the kinds of lies where the liar would be in great trouble if they were found out, and where the target would feel properly upset if they knew. 28. What does the word “flit” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Fade gradually. B. Appear temporarily. C. Freeze suddenly. D. Intensify consciously. 29. Which situation meets Ekman’s “true lie” criteria? A. A doctor informs his dying patient that he is doing well. B. A student cheats in the exam but admits it when asked. C. A banker hides loan risks to secure a client’s signature. D. A guest praises the host for the terrible dishes served. 30. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To illustrate a scientific method for detecting deception. B. To analyze the biological principle of micro-expressions. C. To distinguish different types of the intentional deception. D. To promote a training program to detect micro-expression. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍的是研究心理学家Paul Ekman博士关于“微表情”的研究发现，包括微表情的定义、普遍性特征、识别难度及其在测谎中的应用，以及Ekman对“真正的谎言”的界定标准。 【28题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Also, expressions of emotion are impossible to control and, particularly when we are lying, micro-expressions of powerfully felt emotions will inevitably flit across our face before we got the chance to stop them. (此外，情绪表达是无法控制的，特别是当我们撒谎时，所感受到的强烈情绪的微表情会在我们有机会阻止它们之前不可避免地在我们脸上flit。)”以及第四段“Fortunately for liars, most people will fail to spot these fleeting signals of inner torment. (对撒谎者来说幸运的是，大多数人无法察觉这些内心痛苦的短暂信号。)”可知，flit与fleeting (短暂的)相呼应，意为“短暂出现、闪过”，与Appear temporarily意思最接近。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ekman insists that a “true” lie must have two essential characteristics: there must be a deliberate intention to mislead and there must be no notification that this is what is occurring. (Ekman坚持认为，“真正的”谎言必须具备两个基本特征：必须有故意误导的意图，并且必须没有告知对方正在发生这种情况。)”以及“Ekman prefers to focus on the kinds of lies where the liar would be in great trouble if they were found out, and where the target would feel properly upset if they knew. (Ekman更喜欢关注这类谎言：一旦谎言被揭穿，说谎者就会陷入巨大的麻烦，而被骗者如果知晓了真相，也会感到非常不安。)”可知，银行家隐瞒贷款风险以获取客户签字，符合故意误导且未告知对方的特征，属于Ekman定义的“真正的谎言”。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段“Forty years ago, the research psychologist Dr Paul Ekman was asked a question: is there any way you can be sure people are telling the truth? Ekman did not know the answer then, but he wanted to find out. (四十年前，从事研究工作的心理学家Paul Ekman博士被问到一个问题：有什么办法能确定人们说的是真话吗？Ekman当时不知道答案，但他想找出答案。)”以及第二段对“微表情”的发现、第三段对微表情普遍性的阐述、第四段对微表情识别训练的介绍可知，本文主要目的是说明一种检测欺骗的科学方法——通过识别微表情来判断对方是否撒谎。 D Several years ago, Jeremy Clarkson, presenter of the famous BBC television programme ‘Top Gear’, discovered that one of his guests was half German and half Irish. Immediately, he said, “That’s quite a strange combination. It’s like, ‘this must be done absolutely perfectly… tomorrow’ ”. This joke played on stereotypes of the Germans as efficient and the Irish as lazy. Many people could understandably be offended by these kinds of assertions(断言). We do not know every Irish person, so how can we then conclude that every Irish person is lazy? I recently read on a website that Irish business people were described as being “generally rather casual” and “more outwardly friendly than many European countries”. German business people, on the other hand, are considered to be very direct and according to the website, they “do not need a personal relationship in order to do business”. Once you hear advice like this, it becomes easier to understand where jokes like the one in the first paragraph come from. So why do some people disapprove of the kind of stereotypes as seen in Clarkson’s joke, but not batting an eyelid(眨眼) when it comes to generalizations. What is the difference between the two? By definition, a stereotype is a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing. A cultural characteristic, on the other hand, is a pattern of behaviour that is typical of a certain group. So what does this really mean? Stereotypes are simply overstated assumptions about groups of people. Imagine if a tourist visited a small town in Switzerland and saw a number of locals playing the alphorn instrument, and then claimed that Swiss people can play the alphorn. This would be a stereotype! This is an overstated image of the Swiss which is based on one tourist’s experience. If, however, this tourist were to say that the Swiss are very punctual, this could be seen as a cultural characteristic. This is because it is a pattern of behaviour which is very typical in Switzerland: from their transport system to their business meetings. In this way, some people argue that generalizing another culture is not just useful, but important. Politicians always have to be mindful of the cultural characteristics of different countries. By becoming aware of different cultural characteristics, they can avoid causing offence in those cultures. However, others argue that generalizing cultures will always lead to offensive stereotypes. They argue that the best thing we can do is to stop generalizing cultures and start treating people as individuals. All this raises important questions: can making generalizations about groups of people be a positive thing? Or should we always avoid making broad assumptions about different groups? 31. When he said, “It’s like, ‘this must be done absolutely perfectly…tomorrow’”, Jeremy Clarkson really meant ________. A. the stereotypes of the Germans and the Irish are not so good B. the combination of half German and half Irish is interesting C. the characteristics of the Germans and the Irish are opposite D. the Germans will do it perfectly tomorrow while the Irish won’t 32. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The Swiss can play the alphorn quite well. B. The Irish people are considered as lazy, direct and casual. C. The Germans are thought to be efficient, friendly and direct. D. The Swiss tend to arrive on time on various occasions. 33. Politicians think it important to generalize another culture because ________. A. they don’t want to offend other people B. generalizing will lead to offensive stereotypes C. cultural characteristics are better than stereotypes D. they think different cultural characteristics are useful 34. The main purpose of this passage is to ________. A. illustrate the importance of making generalizations B. show it is wrong to play jokes on stereotypes of different people C. tell us the differences between stereotypes and cultural characteristics D. discuss whether it is good to make generalizations about groups of people 【答案】31. C 32. D 33. A 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。由于文化、习俗习惯的不同，不同的民族总是有其独有的特点，文章讨论了是否需要对民族特性作概括。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“That’s quite a strange combination. It’s like, ‘this must be done absolutely perfectly… tomorrow’(那是一个相当奇怪的组合。‘这就像，这必须做得绝对完美……明天’)”和第二段“This joke played on stereotypes of the Germans as efficient and the Irish as lazy.(这个笑话是针对德国人效率高、爱尔兰人懒惰的刻板印象)”可知，人们认为德国人效率高、爱尔兰人懒惰，是很奇怪的组合，可得出作者说这句话是为了表明人们对德国人和爱尔兰人的印象是相反的。故选C。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“If, however, this tourist were to say that the Swiss are very punctual, this could be seen as a cultural characteristic. This is because it is a pattern of behaviour which is very typical in Switzerland: from their transport system to their business meetings.(然而，如果这位游客说瑞士人非常守时，这可以被视为一种文化特征。这是因为这是一种在瑞士非常典型的行为模式:从他们的交通系统到他们的商务会议)”可知，守时是瑞士人的典型文化特征，所以瑞士人往往在各种场合都准时到达。故选D。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Politicians always have to be mindful of the cultural characteristics of different countries. By becoming aware of different cultural characteristics, they can avoid causing offence in those cultures.(政治家总是要注意不同国家的文化特点。通过了解不同的文化特征，他们可以避免冒犯那些文化)”可知，通过对不同的民族特征做了解和掌握，就不会冒犯别人了。故选A。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是最后一段“All this raises important questions: can making generalizations about groups of people be a positive thing? Or should we always avoid making broad assumptions about different groups?(所有这些都提出了重要的问题：对人群进行概括是否是一件积极的事情？还是我们应该总是避免对不同的群体做出广泛的假设？)”可知，文章主要讨论了是否需要对民族特性作概括，即讨论对人群进行概括是否有益。故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Emotions interfere with our decision-making, or at least that is the thinking: emotional people seem to do irrational things. A person full of anger might commit a crime of passion. A man in love may do things that compromise his well-being. Surely, this is evidence against emotion’s rationality (理性). ___35___ Emotions are not only compatible (相容的) with rationality, they can also help us make better choices. Baba Shiv, professor of marketing at Stanford University, writes that “if emotions were irrelevant, we would have evolved very differently”. Since we have emotions, we must wonder why and how they help us, instead of trying to eliminate them. ___36___ The truth is that emotions and reason are not in conflict. Emotions are rational. They involve judgements. For example, being angry involves judging that a wrongdoing has occurred. That is a rational activity. Emotions also contribute to our understanding. ___37___ But emotions also give us a reason to act. Fear, for example, gives us a reason to escape a situation. Anticipation of regret provides a reason to avoid excessive risk-taking. Emotions can also help with decision-making. According to Shiv, the emotional brain makes lightning-fast assessments based on past experiences, perceptions of the situation, and other factors that support our instincts. This enables efficient choices. ___38___ Can we do anything to prevent our emotions from negatively impacting our decision-making: Seo believes so, suggesting ways to reduce the unwanted effects of emotions on our decision-making. For example, if sadness makes us make poor decisions with our money by being reckless (鲁莽的) about spending, we might replace it with gratitude. This feeling might help us make a better, more moderate decision. Humans have reason and emotions. ___39___ It also prevents us from using our emotions to help us make better decisions. Fortunately, we can choose differently. A. Nevertheless, any situation can still go wrong. B. But this line of thinking couldn’t be more wrong. C. Discounting one for the sake of the other denies our humanity. D. One answer is that emotions aid in rationality and decision-making. E. For example, emotions can change decisions by generating reactions in others. F. They motivate us to inquire about our own beliefs and help us to perceive the world differently. G. It’s why we should warn people about emotions, tell them to calm down before making decisions. 【答案】35. B 36. D 37. F 38. A 39. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章先反驳“情绪干扰决策、缺乏理性”的观点，指出情绪与理性相容且助决策，还引学者观点说明其作用，提及应对情绪负面影响的方法，强调不应否定情绪或理性。 【35题详解】 根据上文“Emotions interfere with our decision-making, or at least that is the thinking: emotional people seem to do irrational things. A person full of anger might commit a crime of passion. A man in love may do things that compromise his well-being. Surely, this is evidence against emotion’s rationality (理性). (情绪会干扰我们的决策过程，至少这是人们的一种看法：情绪化的人往往会做出一些不理智的行为。一个满心愤怒的人可能会因一时冲动而犯罪。一个陷入爱河的人可能会做出损害自身利益的事情。显然，这证明了情绪并非完全具有理性)”以及下文“Emotions are not only compatible (相容的) with rationality, they can also help us make better choices. (情绪不仅与理性相兼容，而且还能帮助我们做出更明智的选择)”可知，上文提出“情绪干扰决策、缺乏理性”的传统观点，下文转折指出“情绪与理性相容，还能帮我们做更好选择”。本句与上文构成转折，指出这一思维方式的错误。故B选项“但这种思维方式完全错误”承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 【36题详解】 根据上文“Baba Shiv, professor of marketing at Stanford University, writes that “if emotions were irrelevant, we would have evolved very differently”. Since we have emotions, we must wonder why and how they help us, instead of trying to eliminate them. (斯坦福大学市场营销学教授巴巴·希夫写道：“如果情感无关紧要，那么我们的进化过程将会大不相同。”既然我们拥有情感，我们就应该思考其存在的原因以及它如何帮助我们，而不能一味地试图消除它们)”可知，上文提出“既然人类有情绪，应探究其为何及如何帮助我们”，本句直接回应上文的“为何帮助”，为情绪的作用提供解释。故D选项“一种答案是，情绪有助于理性思考和决策”符合语境，故选D。 【37题详解】 根据上文“The truth is that emotions and reason are not in conflict. Emotions are rational. They involve judgements. For example, being angry involves judging that a wrongdoing has occurred. That is a rational activity. Emotions also contribute to our understanding. (事实是，情感与理性并非相互冲突。情感是理性的。它们包含着判断。例如，生气就涉及对某种不当行为发生的判断。这是一种理性的行为。情感也有助于我们理解事物)”以及下文“But emotions also give us a reason to act. Fear, for example, gives us a reason to escape a situation. Anticipation of regret provides a reason to avoid excessive risk-taking. (但情绪也促使我们采取行动。例如，恐惧会让我们有理由逃离某种状况。对后悔的预期则会促使我们避免过度冒险)”可知，上文强调“情绪有助于理解”，下文以“但情绪也给我们行动的理由”转折，说明情绪的另一作用。本句承接“有助于理解”，具体阐述情绪对认知理解的作用，故F选项“它们促使我们探究自己的信念，并帮助我们以不同的方式看待世界”直接举例论证情绪对认知的积极作用，与上文形成例证关系，符合语境，故选F。 【38题详解】 根据下文“Can we do anything to prevent our emotions from negatively impacting our decision-making: Seo believes so, suggesting ways to reduce the unwanted effects of emotions on our decision-making. For example, if sadness makes us make poor decisions with our money by being reckless (鲁莽的) about spending, we might replace it with gratitude. This feeling might help us make a better, more moderate decision. (我们能否采取措施来避免情绪对我们的决策产生负面影响呢？塞奥认为可以，他还提出了减少情绪对决策产生不良影响的方法。例如，如果悲伤让我们在花钱方面做出错误的决定，是因为我们在消费时过于冲动，那么我们或许可以用感恩来取代这种情绪。这种感觉可能会帮助我们做出更明智、更适度的决策)”可知，上文论述“情绪能帮助决策”，下文转而提问“如何防止情绪对决策产生负面影响”，体现从“情绪的积极作用”到 “应对情绪消极影响”的过渡。本句引出情绪可能带来的问题，为下文的应对方法做铺垫，故A选项“不过，任何情况仍有可能出错”承上启下，符合语境，故选A。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Humans have reason and emotions. (人类既有理性，也有情感)”以及下文“It also prevents us from using our emotions to help us make better decisions. Fortunately, we can choose differently. (这还使得我们无法凭借自身的情感来帮助自己做出更明智的决定。幸运的是，我们能够做出不同的选择)”可知，上文指出“人类既有理性也有情绪”，下文“也阻止我们利用情绪帮我们做更好决策” 中的“也”提示上文应提及一种否定情绪或理性的行为。故C选项“因为为了一个而舍弃另一个，就等于否定了我们的人性”直接呼应上下文，符合语境，故选C。 第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 If you listen to some self-improvement lectures about success, you’ll hear a familiar saying: Hustle (忙碌) harder. It sounds like success is just a matter of willpower and that the life of your dreams is within reach. Many young people are buying into this mindset, spending every waking hour working toward ambitious goals, only to find themselves worn out and unfulfilled. Hustle culture promises success, but it often leads to burnout and disappointment. The truth is that success and fulfillment don’t come from constant struggle. They come from something deeper and more sustainable: persistence (坚持). Hustle culture praises big goals. But what the experts won’t tell you is that most of those goals require a mix of timing, luck, and sometimes even genetics. No matter how hard you hustle, success isn’t always within your control. Persistence culture, on the other hand, takes a different approach. Instead of focusing on massive, high-risk goals, it emphasizes consistent effort over time. It encourages growth, learning, and steady improvement—factors that are within your control. Hustle culture focuses on goals, ignoring the process. It tells you to chase success at all costs, even if that means doing things you hate along the way. For example, you love podcasting (制作播客). You enjoy the connection with your audience. But if you follow hustle culture, your focus shifts to profit, audience growth, and social media engagement. To “succeed,” you have to learn marketing strategies that you don’t actually enjoy. Persistence culture, in contrast, prioritizes the process itself. It asks: Do you enjoy what you’re doing? When you love the process, you don’t need external approval to keep going. Success becomes a byproduct of consistency and passion. Instead of measuring success by external factors, it asks: How can I improve? Maybe your podcast isn’t getting millions of downloads, but are you becoming a better interviewer? Are you developing new skills? These are the measures that matter because they’re within your control. 40. How do many young people feel after following the “hustle harder” mindset? ________________________________________________________ 41. Where do success and fulfillment come from? ________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > Hustle culture focuses on massive, high-risk goals, measures success by external factors and prioritizes the process. ________________________________________________________ 43. How are you going to put “Persistence Culture” into practice in your daily life? (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. They feel worn out and unfulfilled. 41. They come from something deeper and more sustainable: persistence. 42. Hustle culture focuses on massive, high-risk goals, measures success by external factors and prioritizes the process. According to the passage, hustle culture ignores the process instead of prioritizing the process itself. 43. I’ll prioritize consistent effort over grand goals. For instance, in podcasting, I’ll focus on improving interviewing skills and storytelling daily rather than chasing downloads. By valuing small, measurable progress and passion, I’ll build sustainable growth without burnout. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要对比了“忙碌文化”和“坚持文化”对成功的影响。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“Many young people are buying into this mindset, spending every waking hour working toward ambitious goals, only to find themselves worn out and unfulfilled. (许多年轻人接受了这种心态，把醒着的每一个小时都花在朝着雄心勃勃的目标努力上，结果却发现自己疲惫不堪、毫无成就感。)”可知，许多年轻人在遵循“更努力地忙碌”的心态后，感觉疲惫不堪且毫无成就感。故答案为：They feel worn out and unfulfilled. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“The truth is that success and fulfillment don’t come from constant struggle. They come from something deeper and more sustainable: persistence (坚持). (事实是，成功和成就感并非来自持续的挣扎。它们来自更深层次、更可持续的东西：坚持。)”可知，成功和成就感来自更深层次、更可持续的东西——坚持。故答案为：They come from something deeper and more sustainable: persistence. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“Hustle culture focuses on goals, ignoring the process. (忙碌文化关注目标，忽视过程。)”以及第五段中“Persistence culture, in contrast, prioritizes the process itself. (相比之下，坚持文化将过程本身置于首位。)”可知，“Hustle culture focuses on massive, high-risk goals, measures success by external factors and prioritizes the process.”这句话中“prioritizes the process”部分错误。忙碌文化忽视过程，而不是将过程置于首位。故答案为：Hustle culture focuses on massive, high-risk goals, measures success by external factors and prioritizes the process. According to the passage, hustle culture ignores the process instead of prioritizing the process itself. 【43题详解】 开放性题目，此题要求回答：你打算如何在日常生活中实践“坚持文化”？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：我会优先考虑持续努力，而非追求宏大目标。例如，在制作播客时，我会专注于每天提升采访技巧和讲故事的能力，而不是一味追求下载量。通过重视微小且可衡量的进步以及保持热情，我将实现可持续的成长，同时避免过度劳累。故答案为：I’ll prioritize consistent effort over grand goals. For instance, in podcasting, I’ll focus on improving interviewing skills and storytelling daily rather than chasing downloads. By valuing small, measurable progress and passion, I’ll build sustainable growth without burnout. 第二节(共 20 分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。中秋节临近，你的学校将举行一系列庆祝活动。请你给正在中国旅游的英国好友Jim写封邮件，内容包括： 1.庆祝活动安排; 2.邀请他参加。 注意：1.词数100左右; 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim， _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I hope you are enjoying your trip in China! As the Mid-Autumn Festival approaches, I am glad to tell you that our school is organizing a series of festive events. These activities will take place at our school on September 17th.We have planned a lantern-making workshop, a traditional Chinese opera performance, and a moon-cake tasting event, which is a wonderful chance to immerse yourself in Chinese traditions and culture. I would be absolutely thrilled if you could join us for these celebrations. Please let me know if you can make it, and I’ll send you more details. Yours， Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于邀请信。中秋节临近，你的学校将举行一系列庆祝活动，要求考生给正在中国旅游的英国好友Jim写封邮件，介绍活动并邀请其来参加。 【详解】1.词汇积累 发生：happen →take place 到来：come → approach 激动的：exciting → thrilled 快乐的：happy → glad 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：These activities will take place at our school on September 17th. 拓展句：It is on September 17th that these activities will take place at our school. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We have planned a lantern-making workshop, a traditional Chinese opera performance, and a mooncake tasting event, which is a wonderful chance to immerse yourself in Chinese traditions and culture.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】As the Mid-Autumn Festival approaches, I am glad to tell you that our school is organizing a series of festive events.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句以及that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年新高三入学定位考试 英语试题 说明：试题总分为100分；考试时间为90分钟；本试卷上所有题的答案务必填写在答题卷相应的位置。 第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Sweat began to form on my forehead. I opened my mouth but only shot out a staccato (断断续续的声音) of “Buh-buh, buh-buh, b-bonjour”. My heart sank. As I ___1___ through my French presentation, I could feel my classmates’ eyes destroying any ___2___ of my confidence. Word by word, I stumbled onward. It was a new low. A few days later, I heard that school was to bring back the Poinsettia campaign during Christmas. The gift-giving and promotion activities during the festival had always been my favourite. Moreover, the campaign was a tradition that had ___3___ a few years earlier. Yet it involved public speeches at the school auditorium. I was caught in a mental struggle for days before my brother ___4___ me to have a try. The night before the conference, I spent hours practicing. Whenever I got stuck on a word, I changed it to an easier one. By the time I had finished, my throat ached. But I created a stutter(结巴)-friendly speech that would last long enough. The whole conference has faded in my memory. All I remember is walking to the stage on ___5___ legs. My stutter felt ready to mercilessly embarrass me in front of the entire school. I took a deep breath and got ready for the word staccatos to shoot out. But the strangest thing happened—I spoke ___6___. Word after word flowed off my tongue, and a moment later, the audience’s applause rang in the air. After this experience, life continued as normal, but the ___7___ I had undergone was apparent. Rather than avoiding anything that involved public speaking, I started to live more ___8___ and even take leadership roles. My confidence boomed. Finally, I was selected as student president. Looking back, I am amazed at the amount of change that can happen in a year. Having been caught up in a terrible ___9___ where my stutter ate away my confidence, I needed the Poinsettia Campaign to break out of it. While my stutter still strikes now and then, I no longer allow it to affect me. What happens now if I stutter? A moment of _____10_____, but that’s it. 1. A. saw B. pulled C. struggled D. walked 2. A. signs B. remains C. parts D. tracks 3. A. broken out B. run out C. died out D. turned out 4. A. convinced B. contacted C. invited D. reminded 5. A. strong B. shaky C. steady D. still 6. A. fluently B. awkwardly C. repeatedly D. loudly 7. A. change B. difficulty C. horror D. test 8. A. carefully B. secretly C. freely D. actively 9. A. mistake B. rush C. conflict D. cycle 10. A. regret B. anger C. sorrow D. embarrassment 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Rapa Nui, widely ____11____ (know) as Easter Island, is a Chilean territory in the Pacific Ocean. The island is home ____12____ a French-born artist. The artist, Delphine Poulain, was born in Paris 52 years ago and has been in love with Rapa Nui since she first visited in 1994. She smiles at the memory. “I ____13____ (ride) a horse through the beach when I first thought ‘I want to live here,’” she said. Then, Poulain worked as a professional sailor. One trip to Rapa Nui was enough to envision a future home in this tranquil land, though almost three decades passed before that dream ____14____ (come) true. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 For too long, pop-science ____15____ (see) as a tool to better teach science to schoolchildren, but not adults. It is absolutely necessary to teach pop-science to children, ____16____ sense of science has a bearing on the nation’s scientific development. However, the adults’ need to study science should not be neglected. There are so many scientific developments adults will need to keep abreast of, especially during a pandemic. How do masks protect one from the virus? What other measures must one take to stay healthy? The more adults ____17____ (sharp) their scientific temper, the more attention they can pay to their children’s knowledge too. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Age is no criterion when it comes to ____18____ (change) your life. In fact, it might be just the opposite. The older we get, the more we must change. Change is ____19____ keeps us fresh and innovative. When we are young, it’s easy to experiment with different things. The older we get, the more set in our ways we become. We’ve found out what our comfort level is, and we all want to stay in it. We must fight through this. We must tell ____20____ (us) to look fear straight in the eye and take it on. 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Summer Science Program (SSP) is a nonprofit organization that provides an experimental science experience for high school seniors who’ll soon go through college application. As one of the oldest pre-college enrichment programs, SSP is uniquely run by former members of this wonderful community. Their previous experiences with SSP have led them to actively support the program through donations and volunteering. The program structure involves twelve teams guided by a faculty of seven. Students work in teams of three to undertake a hands-on research project, fostering collaboration, challenge, and inclusivity. Over 39 days, these teams dig into their research, forming a close-knit learning community. Admission to SSP is open to high school juniors globally, with a holistic (整体的) approach that values academic excellence and motivation. The program ensures diversity and provides financial aid to all admitted students, making sure talented young people won’ get shut out. The SSP community thrives on cooperative research, offering, a refreshing replacement to competitive school environments. The absence of exams and grades focuses students on personal growth and the establishment of a supportive network with peers and alumni. Research opportunities are available in fields such as Astrophysics, Biochemistry, or Genomics. with each program hosted by a university partner. The curriculum is advanced, paced for college-level understanding, and integrated with the research project. The schedule is packed with learning, guest lectures from professionals, visits to scientifie institutions, and social events, ensuring a well-rounded and enjoyable summer for participants. The SSP experience is not just about science; it’s about personal and communal growth, making it an enriching and memorable program for high school seniors. 21. What is special about SSP? A. It’s operated by former graduates. B. It’s built upon previous experiences. C. It requires recommendations by faculty. D. It provides guidance on college application. 22. To get accepted by SSP, participants need to_______. A. pay a certain sum of fees B. adopt a holistic approach C. be able to design projects D. be excellent in academics 23. At SSP, participants will _______. A. have a few exams to sit B. engage in competitive activities C. get various research opportunities D. attend lectures in scientific institutions B All the Light We Cannot See is about a blind girl named Marie-Laure, who lives in Paris, France, in the 1930s. When the Nazis invade in 1940, she and her father are forced to leave the city. They escape to a countryside town to hide with Marie-Laure’s great uncle, Etierine. After several months, Marie-Laure’s father gets arrested. She continues to live with Etienne, and they start passing on secret signals to aid the French Resistance movement. Werner Pfennig is a German orphan with a hobby of listening to science and music programs on an old radio. Developing a talent for fixing radios, he is later hired by the Nazis to help them track enemy radio signals during the war. One day, he picks up a signal that is coming from Etienne’s home in France. Anyway, Maric-Laure and Werner meet and develop a strong relationship. Can these poor souls find a way to escape this horrible war together? Anthony Doerr is an American author from Cleveland, Ohio. Critics have praised Doerr’s writing for his short, sharp sentences and attention to detail. All the Light We Cannot See is his second novel, which was published in 2014. It quickly became a New York Times best-seller and won a Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. The amazing novel gives readers a look at the ugly face of war. Throughout the book, we see how war can destroy people’s lives in the blink (眨眼) of an eye. Characters such as Etienne and Marie-Laure’s father disappear in an instant and are never heard from again. However, war is also shown to bring out the best in people. The characters who survive must show great courage and strength when they face challenges. Another important idea is the importance of science and technology. Doerr suggests that technologies, such as the radio, are helpful to society if they are used with good intentions. However, if technologies fall into the hands of evil (邪恶), they can cause great destruction. 24. How does Marie-Laure and Etienne help fight against Nazis? A. By providing information. B. By joining French army. C. By tracking radio signals. D. By making their life public. 25. Anthony Doerr’s writings are highly thought of because . A. they are short in length B. they are full of interesting details C. he is a prize winner D. he is economical with words 26. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Science and technology should be valued. B. War destroys everything on its way. C. Technology is a double-edge sword. D. Technology plays a key role in war. 27. In which section of a magazine is the passage most likely to be seen? A. Great Writers. B. Book Club. C. Everyday Hero. D. Hit Movies. C Forty years ago, the research psychologist Dr Paul Ekman was asked a question: is there any way you can be sure people are telling the truth? Ekman did not know the answer then, but he wanted to find out. He first filmed a series of 12-minute interviews with patients. In a subsequent conversation, one of the patients told him she had lied to him. So Ekman sat and looked at the film. Suddenly, he saw it: an intense expression of extreme pains. He termed his discovery “micro-expressions”: very rapid, intense demonstrations of emotion that the subject intended to hide. Over the next four decades, Ekman successfully demonstrated a proposition that the ways in which we express rage, disgust, contempt, fear, surprise, happiness and sadness are universal. The facial muscles triggered by those seven basic emotions are essentially standard regardless of language and culture, from east to west. Also, expressions of emotion are impossible to control and, particularly when we are lying, micro-expressions of powerfully felt emotions will inevitably flit across our face before we get the chance to stop them. Fortunately for liars, most people will fail to spot these fleeting signals of inner torment. Of the 15,000 Ekman has tested, only 50 people have been able to do it. But given a little more training, almost anyone can develop the skill. Since the first publication of this research, Ekman has been called in by law-enforcement and other agencies around the world, not just to solve cases, but to teach them how to use his technique. He has also held workshops for lawyers, health professionals, even couples, all of whom want to know exactly when someone is not being 100 percent candid. Ekman insists that a “true” lie must have two essential characteristics: there must be a deliberate intention to mislead and there must be no notification that this is what is occurring. This means that an actor isn't a true liar. They are supposed to deceive you — it’s part of the game — and the same is true of flattery. Ekman prefers to focus on the kinds of lies where the liar would be in great trouble if they were found out, and where the target would feel properly upset if they knew. 28. What does the word “flit” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Fade gradually. B. Appear temporarily. C. Freeze suddenly. D. Intensify consciously. 29. Which situation meets Ekman’s “true lie” criteria? A. A doctor informs his dying patient that he is doing well. B. A student cheats in the exam but admits it when asked. C. A banker hides loan risks to secure a client’s signature. D. A guest praises the host for the terrible dishes served. 30. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To illustrate a scientific method for detecting deception. B. To analyze the biological principle of micro-expressions. C. To distinguish different types of the intentional deception. D. To promote a training program to detect micro-expression. D Several years ago, Jeremy Clarkson, presenter of the famous BBC television programme ‘Top Gear’, discovered that one of his guests was half German and half Irish. Immediately, he said, “That’s quite a strange combination. It’s like, ‘this must be done absolutely perfectly… tomorrow’ ”. This joke played on stereotypes of the Germans as efficient and the Irish as lazy. Many people could understandably be offended by these kinds of assertions(断言). We do not know every Irish person, so how can we then conclude that every Irish person is lazy? I recently read on a website that Irish business people were described as being “generally rather casual” and “more outwardly friendly than many European countries”. German business people, on the other hand, are considered to be very direct and according to the website, they “do not need a personal relationship in order to do business”. Once you hear advice like this, it becomes easier to understand where jokes like the one in the first paragraph come from. So why do some people disapprove of the kind of stereotypes as seen in Clarkson’s joke, but not batting an eyelid(眨眼) when it comes to generalizations. What is the difference between the two? By definition, a stereotype is a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing. A cultural characteristic, on the other hand, is a pattern of behaviour that is typical of a certain group. So what does this really mean? Stereotypes are simply overstated assumptions about groups of people. Imagine if a tourist visited a small town in Switzerland and saw a number of locals playing the alphorn instrument, and then claimed that Swiss people can play the alphorn. This would be a stereotype! This is an overstated image of the Swiss which is based on one tourist’s experience. If, however, this tourist were to say that the Swiss are very punctual, this could be seen as a cultural characteristic. This is because it is a pattern of behaviour which is very typical in Switzerland: from their transport system to their business meetings. In this way, some people argue that generalizing another culture is not just useful, but important. Politicians always have to be mindful of the cultural characteristics of different countries. By becoming aware of different cultural characteristics, they can avoid causing offence in those cultures. However, others argue that generalizing cultures will always lead to offensive stereotypes. They argue that the best thing we can do is to stop generalizing cultures and start treating people as individuals. All this raises important questions: can making generalizations about groups of people be a positive thing? Or should we always avoid making broad assumptions about different groups? 31. When he said, “It’s like, ‘this must be done absolutely perfectly…tomorrow’”, Jeremy Clarkson really meant ________. A. the stereotypes of the Germans and the Irish are not so good B. the combination of half German and half Irish is interesting C. the characteristics of the Germans and the Irish are opposite D. the Germans will do it perfectly tomorrow while the Irish won’t 32. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The Swiss can play the alphorn quite well. B. The Irish people are considered as lazy, direct and casual. C. The Germans are thought to be efficient, friendly and direct. D. The Swiss tend to arrive on time on various occasions. 33. Politicians think it important to generalize another culture because ________. A. they don’t want to offend other people B. generalizing will lead to offensive stereotypes C. cultural characteristics are better than stereotypes D. they think different cultural characteristics are useful 34. The main purpose of this passage is to ________. A. illustrate the importance of making generalizations B. show it is wrong to play jokes on stereotypes of different people C. tell us the differences between stereotypes and cultural characteristics D. discuss whether it is good to make generalizations about groups of people 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Emotions interfere with our decision-making, or at least that is the thinking: emotional people seem to do irrational things. A person full of anger might commit a crime of passion. A man in love may do things that compromise his well-being. Surely, this is evidence against emotion’s rationality (理性). ___35___ Emotions are not only compatible (相容的) with rationality, they can also help us make better choices. Baba Shiv, professor of marketing at Stanford University, writes that “if emotions were irrelevant, we would have evolved very differently”. Since we have emotions, we must wonder why and how they help us, instead of trying to eliminate them. ___36___ The truth is that emotions and reason are not in conflict. Emotions are rational. They involve judgements. For example, being angry involves judging that a wrongdoing has occurred. That is a rational activity. Emotions also contribute to our understanding. ___37___ But emotions also give us a reason to act. Fear, for example, gives us a reason to escape a situation. Anticipation of regret provides a reason to avoid excessive risk-taking. Emotions can also help with decision-making. According to Shiv, the emotional brain makes lightning-fast assessments based on past experiences, perceptions of the situation, and other factors that support our instincts. This enables efficient choices. ___38___ Can we do anything to prevent our emotions from negatively impacting our decision-making: Seo believes so, suggesting ways to reduce the unwanted effects of emotions on our decision-making. For example, if sadness makes us make poor decisions with our money by being reckless (鲁莽的) about spending, we might replace it with gratitude. This feeling might help us make a better, more moderate decision. Humans have reason and emotions. ___39___ It also prevents us from using our emotions to help us make better decisions. Fortunately, we can choose differently. A. Nevertheless, any situation can still go wrong. B. But this line of thinking couldn’t be more wrong. C. Discounting one for the sake of the other denies our humanity. D. One answer is that emotions aid in rationality and decision-making. E. For example, emotions can change decisions by generating reactions in others. F. They motivate us to inquire about our own beliefs and help us to perceive the world differently. G. It’s why we should warn people about emotions, tell them to calm down before making decisions. 第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 If you listen to some self-improvement lectures about success, you’ll hear a familiar saying: Hustle (忙碌) harder. It sounds like success is just a matter of willpower and that the life of your dreams is within reach. Many young people are buying into this mindset, spending every waking hour working toward ambitious goals, only to find themselves worn out and unfulfilled. Hustle culture promises success, but it often leads to burnout and disappointment. The truth is that success and fulfillment don’t come from constant struggle. They come from something deeper and more sustainable: persistence (坚持). Hustle culture praises big goals. But what the experts won’t tell you is that most of those goals require a mix of timing, luck, and sometimes even genetics. No matter how hard you hustle, success isn’t always within your control. Persistence culture, on the other hand, takes a different approach. Instead of focusing on massive, high-risk goals, it emphasizes consistent effort over time. It encourages growth, learning, and steady improvement—factors that are within your control. Hustle culture focuses on goals, ignoring the process. It tells you to chase success at all costs, even if that means doing things you hate along the way. For example, you love podcasting (制作播客). You enjoy the connection with your audience. But if you follow hustle culture, your focus shifts to profit, audience growth, and social media engagement. To “succeed,” you have to learn marketing strategies that you don’t actually enjoy. Persistence culture, in contrast, prioritizes the process itself. It asks: Do you enjoy what you’re doing? When you love the process, you don’t need external approval to keep going. Success becomes a byproduct of consistency and passion. Instead of measuring success by external factors, it asks: How can I improve? Maybe your podcast isn’t getting millions of downloads, but are you becoming a better interviewer? Are you developing new skills? These are the measures that matter because they’re within your control. 40. How do many young people feel after following the “hustle harder” mindset? ________________________________________________________ 41. Where do success and fulfillment come from? ________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > Hustle culture focuses on massive, high-risk goals, measures success by external factors and prioritizes the process. ________________________________________________________ 43. How are you going to put “Persistence Culture” into practice in your daily life? (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________ 第二节(共 20 分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。中秋节临近，你的学校将举行一系列庆祝活动。请你给正在中国旅游的英国好友Jim写封邮件，内容包括： 1.庆祝活动安排; 2.邀请他参加。 注意：1.词数100左右; 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim， _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $