Unit2 Getting along 单元语法要点培优卷 2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦八年级英语Unit2“人际交往”主题，通过语法词汇专项训练，强化语言运用能力与问题解决思维，适配单元复习巩固需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词适当形式填空|10空/10分|词性转换（如harmony→harmonious）|结合情感态度（如“真诚沟通”），渗透文化意识| |短语填空|10空/20分|单元核心短语（如sort out, keep in touch）|设置冲突情境，考查问题解决能力，体现思维品质| |短文填空|10空/20分|语篇语法（时态、非谓语等）|以Tom和Jack友谊故事为情境，融合语法与交际策略，提升语言综合运用能力|

八年级英语上册 Unit2 Getting along单元语法要点 培优卷 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空（词性转换高频考点，每空1分，共10分） 1. Everyone expects ________ (harmony) relationships with family members and classmates. 2. It’s ________ (polite) to turn down others’ kindness without proper explanation. 3. We were deeply ________ (touch) by his honest attitude during the quarrel. 4. Keep ________ (communicate) openly, and most disagreements can be solved. 5. The ________ (explain) he offered helped clear up the terrible misunderstanding. 6. It takes patience ________ (repair) a broken friendship after a serious argument. 7. His ________ (generous) of spirit makes him easy to get on with. 8. You should express your thoughts ________ (gentle) when you disagree with your partners. 9. She ________ (calm) solved the disagreement between the two group members yesterday. 10. Mutual trust leads to deep ________ (friend) between teenagers. 二、根据首字母或汉语提示完成句子（共10空，每空1分，共10分） 1. Good c________ is the key to building a close friendship with others. 2. It is rude to i________ others while they are expressing their opinions. 3. Mutual r________ makes our relationships more warm and long‑lasting. 4. If you have a d________ with your best friend, try to talk it out patiently. 5. Learning to forgive others’ m________ helps us get along well with people around us. 6. We should learn to ________（处理）conflicts in our daily communication. 7. Don’t hold ________（怨恨）towards your friends over small misunderstandings. 8. True friendship needs honest ________（交流）instead of silent complaints. 9. It is ________（必要的）to respect others’ feelings when you give different suggestions. 10. His sincere ________（道歉）made his friend willing to give him another chance. 三、选用方框内短语并用适当形式填空（单元核心短语，每空2分，共20分） get on with, sort out, keep in touch, be responsible for, lose one’s temper, open up, be willing to, in public, point out, keep one’s feelings to oneself 1. You’d better not ________ about others’ shortcomings ________, for it will hurt their pride. 2. After the cold quarrel, they tried their best ________ their friendship. 3. Don’t ________ easily when your classmates hold different views from yours. 4. He ________ listen to others’ advice even if he doesn’t totally agree with them. 5. If you always ________, nobody will know your real trouble. 6. As group members, we ________ our own words and behaviour in teamwork. 7. It is not easy ________ people who have completely different personalities. 8. They still ________ with each other though they are in different classes now. 9. You need ________ the cause of the conflict before you work out a solution. 10. Teenagers should ________ to their parents about their inner worries. 四、词义辨析单项选择（词汇易混考点，每题2分，共20分） 1. He showed great ________ when dealing with the argument with his deskmate. A. patient B. patience C. patiently D. patients 2. She kept ________ her ideas softly instead of shouting during the discussion. A. state B. stating C. to state D. stated 3. It took them several hours ________ the misunderstanding between them. A. clear up B. clearing up C. to clear up D. cleared up 4. This piece of advice about getting along with others is worth ________ carefully. A. consider B. to consider C. considering D. considered 5. You should remain ________ even when someone speaks against your opinion. A. calm B. calmly C. calming D. calmed 6. Honest words make us ________ each other better in social life. A. understand B. to understand C. understanding D. understood 7. He handles interpersonal problems ________ than most of his classmates. A. good B. well C. better D. best 8. We felt ________ by his cold attitude after our small conflict. A. hurt B. hurting C. hurted D. to hurt 9. Learning respect is a good way ________ more satisfying relationships. A. build B. building C. to build D. built 10. You should learn to respect different opinions. ________, you will fall into more quarrels. A. Besides B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore 五、根据中文提示完成句子（句型+词汇综合运用，每空1分，共20分） 1. 当发生分歧的时候，不要把情绪闷在心里。 Don’t ___________ ___________ feelings to yourself when disagreements happen. 2. 他勇于指出我的不足，同时又顾及我的感受。 He dares ___________ ___________ out my shortcomings and considers my feelings as well. 3. 通过真诚沟通，我们能够化解大部分同学之间的矛盾。 ___________ ___________ ___________, we can sort out most conflicts among classmates. 4. 这篇关于青少年人际交往的文章值得反复思考。 This article about teenagers’ interpersonal relationships ___________ worth ___________ again and again. 5. 他当众向朋友道歉，希望修复受损的友谊。 He ___________ ___________ his friend ___________ ___________, hoping to repair their broken friendship. 6. 无论你们争吵多么激烈，都不要轻易发脾气。 No matter how fierce your quarrel is, never ___________ ___________ temper easily. 7. 修复这段破碎的友谊花费了他数月的耐心。 It ___________ him months of patience ___________ ___________ this broken‑down friendship. 8. 我们应当和身边的人好好相处，珍惜真挚的情谊。 We should ___________ on ___________ people around us and value true friendship. 六、短文填空（每空2分，共20分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Getting along well with others is an important skill for teenagers. Many students meet problems 1________ friendship at school. Tom and Jack used to be close friends, but once they had a serious 2________ (argue) because of a team task. At first, both of them kept 3________ (keep) their feelings to themselves and refused to talk. Their friendship turned cold quickly. Later, Tom realized it required honesty and courage 4________ (break) the ice. He chose 5________ (talk) with Jack face-to-face instead of losing his temper. Jack was deeply 6________ (touch) by his sincere attitude. They pointed out each other’s mistakes 7________ (gentle) and sorted out their misunderstanding. Good communication is a great way 8________ (lead) us to better relationships. Only 9________ true respect and honest talks can we get on well with others. Mutual trust and understanding 10________ (help) us keep long-lasting friendship. 八年级英语上册 Unit2 Getting along语法·词汇专项巩固测试 解析版答案 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空（词性转换高频考点，每空1分，共10分） 1. harmonious 解析：句意：每个人都期待和家人、同学拥有和睦的关系。空格修饰名词relationships，需要形容词；harmony名词“和谐”→harmonious形容词“和睦的，和谐的”。 2. impolite 解析：句意：不做恰当解释就拒绝别人的好意是不礼貌的。根据句意，此处表示否定含义；polite礼貌的 → impolite不礼貌的。 3. touched 解析：句意：争吵过程中，他诚恳的态度让我们深受感动。be touched by…固定结构“被……所感动”，touched修饰人的感受。 4. communicating 解析：句意：保持坦诚沟通，大部分分歧都能够被解决。固定搭配 keep doing sth. 持续/坚持做某事，keep后接动名词。communicate → communicating。 5. explanation 解析：句意：他给出的解释帮助消除了这场糟糕的误会。the后面接名词；explain动词“解释”→explanation名词“解释”。 6. to repair 解析：句意：一场激烈争吵过后，修复破碎的友谊需要耐心。固定句型 It takes +名词 + to do sth.，it作形式主语，真正主语用动词不定式。 7. generosity 解析：句意：他心胸豁达，所以容易相处。形容词性物主代词his后接名词；generous形容词“慷慨的，宽宏大量的”→generosity名词“宽宏，豁达”。 8. gently 解析：句意：当你和同伴意见不一致时，应当温和地表达自己的想法。空格修饰动词express，修饰动词必须使用副词；gentle形容词“温和的”→gently副词。 9. calmly 解析：句意：昨天，她冷静地化解了两名组员之间的矛盾。修饰动词solved，用副词；calm形容词“冷静的”→calmly副词“冷静地”。 10. friendship 解析：句意：相互信任会在青少年之间催生深厚的友谊。deep形容词修饰名词；friend朋友 → friendship名词“友谊”。 二、根据首字母或汉语提示完成句子（共10空，每空1分，共10分） 1. communication 解析：句意：良好的沟通是和他人建立亲密友谊的关键。communication 不可数名词，意为“沟通，交流”；good communication 作句子主语。 2. interrupt 解析：句意：当别人正在表达观点时，打断他们是不礼貌的。interrupt 动词“打断（谈话）”；句型 It is +adj.+to do sth.，to后接动词原形。 3. respect 解析：句意：相互尊重让我们的关系更加温暖、持久。mutual respect“相互尊重”，respect此处为不可数名词。 4. disagreement 解析：句意：如果你和好朋友产生分歧，耐心把事情谈开。have a disagreement with sb. 固定搭配“与某人产生分歧”，前面有a，用单数名词。 5. mistakes 解析：句意：学会原谅别人的错误有助于我们和周围的人友好相处。others’ mistakes“别人的错误”，多人的错误，用复数。 6. handle 解析：句意：我们要学会处理日常交往中的冲突。learn to do sth.“学会做某事”，to后接动词原形；handle 动词“处理”。 7. anger 解析：句意：不要因为小小的误会就对朋友心怀怨恨。hold anger towards sb. 固定搭配，对某人心怀怨恨；anger为不可数名词。 8. communication 解析：句意：真正的友谊需要坦诚的交流，而不是无声的抱怨。honest是形容词，后面修饰名词；communication“交流”，不可数。 9. necessary 解析：句意：当你给出不同意见时，尊重别人的感受是很有必要的。固定句型 It is necessary to do sth. 做某事是有必要的。 10. apology 解析：句意：他真诚的道歉让朋友愿意再给他一次机会。sincere形容词修饰名词；apology“道歉”，此处用单数。 三、选用方框内短语并用适当形式填空（单元核心短语，每空2分，共20分） 方框短语：get on with, sort out, keep in touch, be responsible for, lose one’s temper, open up, be willing to, in public, point out, keep one’s feelings to oneself 1. point out；in public 解析：句意：你最好不要当众指出别人的缺点，这会伤害他们的自尊心。had better (not) do sth. 后接动词原形；point out“指出”；in public“公开地，当众”。 2. to sort out 解析：句意：这场冰冷的争吵过后，他们尽全力修复他们的友谊。try one’s best to do sth. 固定搭配“尽某人最大努力做某事”；sort out 化解，修复。 3. lose your temper 解析：句意：当同学和你持有不同观点时，不要轻易发脾气。don’t后面接动词原形；lose one’s temper“发脾气”，主语为you，one’s改为your。 4. is willing to 解析：句意：即使不完全认同，他也愿意听取别人的建议。be willing to do sth.“愿意做某事”；主语he，一般现在时be动词用is。 5. keep your feelings to yourself 解析：句意：如果你总是把心事闷在心里，没人会知道你真正的烦恼。always表示一般现在时，主语you；keep one’s feelings to oneself“把情绪藏在心里，不向外倾诉”，one’s/oneself对应改为your/yourself。 6. are responsible for 解析：句意：作为小组成员，在团队合作中我们要对自己的言行负责。be responsible for“对……负责”；主语we，be动词用are。 7. to get on with 解析：句意：和性格完全不同的人相处并不容易。固定句型 It is +adj.+to do sth.；get on with sb.“与某人相处”。 8. keep in touch 解析：句意：虽然现在不在同一个班，他们仍然保持联系。keep in touch“保持联系”；now提示一般现在时，主语they，动词用原形。 9. to sort out 解析：句意：在想出解决办法之前，你需要理清冲突的起因。need to do sth.“需要做某事”；sort out 理清，查明。 10. open up 解析：句意：青少年应当向父母敞开心扉，诉说内心烦恼。should情态动词后接动词原形；open up“敞开心扉，倾诉”。 四、词义辨析单项选择（词汇易混考点，每题2分，共20分） 1. B 解析：句意：在处理和同桌的争执时，他表现出极大的耐心。great形容词后面修饰名词。 patient adj.有耐心的；patience n.耐心；patiently adv.耐心地；patients n.病人。show great patience“展现极大的耐心”，选名词patience。 2. B 解析：句意：讨论的时候，她不断温和地陈述自己的观点，而不是大吼大叫。固定搭配 keep doing sth.持续做某事，后面接动名词，state的动名词是stating。 3. C 解析：句意：消除他们之间的误会花费了他们好几个小时。固定句型 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事，不定式作真正主语，选to clear up。 4. C 解析：句意：这篇关于与人相处的建议值得仔细思考。be worth doing sth. 固定搭配，主动形式表达被动含义，后面接动名词considering，意为“值得被思考”。 5. A 解析：句意：即便有人反对你的观点，你也要保持冷静。remain是系动词，后面接形容词作表语；remain calm“保持冷静”。calm形容词；calmly副词。 6. A 解析：句意：真诚的话语让我们在社交生活中更好地理解彼此。make sb. do sth. 使役动词make的固定用法，后面接不带to的动词原形。 7. C 解析：句意：他处理人际问题比班里大多数同学处理得更好。than是比较级标志词；well的比较级为better。 8. A 解析：句意：发生小小的冲突之后，他冷淡的态度让我们感到受伤。feel为系动词，后接形容词hurt（感到受伤的）；hurt过去分词/形容词；hurted为错误变形。 9. C 解析：句意：学会尊重是建立更令人满意的人际关系的好方法。a way to do sth. 不定式作后置定语，表示“做……的方法”。 10. C 解析：句意：你应当学会尊重不同的意见，否则你会陷入更多争吵。 besides此外；however然而；otherwise否则；therefore因此。根据逻辑选otherwise。 五、根据中文提示完成句子（句型+词汇综合运用，每空1分，共20分） 1. keep your 解析：句意：当发生分歧的时候，不要把情绪闷在心里。don’t后接动词原形；keep one’s feelings to oneself 把心事闷在心里，主语you对应your、yourself。 2. to point 解析：句意：他勇于指出我的不足，同时又顾及我的感受。dare to do sth.“敢于做某事”；point out 指出。 3. Through sincere communication 解析：句意：通过真诚沟通，我们能够化解大部分同学之间的矛盾。through介词“通过”，句首首字母大写；sincere communication 真诚的沟通。 4. is；considering 解析：句意：这篇关于青少年人际交往的文章值得反复思考。主语this article是单数，be动词用is；be worth doing 值得做，consider变为considering。 5. apologised to；in public 解析：句意：他当众向朋友道歉，希望修复受损的友谊。动作已经发生，用一般过去时；apologise to sb.“向某人道歉”；in public当众。 6. lose your 解析：句意：无论你们争吵多么激烈，都不要轻易发脾气。never后接动词原形；lose one’s temper发脾气，主语you，one’s改为your。 7. took；to repair 解析：句意：修复这段破碎的友谊花费了他数月的耐心。It takes sb. … to do sth.，事情发生在过去，take过去式took；to repair去修复。 8. get with 解析：句意：我们应当和身边的人好好相处，珍惜真挚的情谊。should情态动词后接动词原形；get on with sb. 与某人相处。 六、短文填空（每空2分，共20分） 1. in 解析：句意：许多学生在学校会遇到友谊方面的问题。problems in friendship 在友谊方面的问题，in表示“在……方面”。 2. argument 解析：句意：Tom和Jack曾经是亲密好友，但一次团队任务让他们爆发激烈争吵。不定冠词a后面接名词；argue动词争吵 → argument名词争吵。 3. keeping 解析：句意：一开始，他俩都把情绪闷在心里，拒绝交谈。固定搭配keep doing sth.；keep的动名词keeping。 4. to break 解析：句意：他知道打破僵局需要坦诚和勇气。固定句式 it requires sth. to do sth.，it形式主语，不定式作真正主语；break the ice“打破僵局”。 5. to talk 解析：句意：他选择面对面和Jack交谈，而不是发脾气。choose to do sth.“选择做某事”，固定不定式搭配。 6. touched 解析：句意：Jack被他真诚的态度深深打动。be touched by…“被……感动”，被动结构，touched修饰人的感受。 7. gently 解析：句意：他们温和地指出彼此的错误，消除误会。空格修饰动词pointed out，需要副词；gentle→gently。 8. to lead 解析：句意：良好沟通是带领我们走向更好人际关系的好方法。a way to do sth. 不定式作后置定语。 9. with 解析：句意：只有怀着真正的尊重和坦诚沟通，我们才能和别人好好相处。“only with +名词”置于句首，句子部分倒装；with 表示“带着，怀有”。 10. help 解析：句意：相互的信任和理解帮助我们维系长久的友谊。主语Mutual trust and understanding是两个并列事物，视作复数；全文一般现在时，谓语动词用原形help。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $