上海市实验学校2026-2027学年高三上学期开学考英语试卷

2027届高三英语暑期阶段练习 考生注意： 1.考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分. 2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分.所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题 纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置 I.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A(10分) Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. David Samson,an associate professor at the University of Toronto,has scaled trees to study chimpanzee()beds and visited remote tribes to understand how the story of human sleep unfolded.His book "The Sleepless Ape:The Story of Sleep in Human Evolution"was 1_(publish)on May 19. Samson's findings reveal how human sleep patterns became shorter,deeper and more flexible than2 of our more ape-like ancestors,freeing time to spend on toolmaking,social interactions and migration around the world. His book details how our ancestral species left the safety of3(sleep)in trees for the dangerous ground as a result of shelter,fire and social sleeping.How did that shift benefit us? According to Samson,4 we created was a completely new innovative space for sleep, and the analogy()he has been using here is a shell. We do know that early humans like Homo erectus()were sleeping in groups.We can 5tell that right around this time there was likely the controlled use of fire.And because of the fact that you have a much larger group with demographic()variability,you likely had a situation6someone was awake 24/7.He must be awake there to sound the alarm7 77 there was danger.It's very clear that a hunter-gatherer camp would have been adapted to have larks and owls(早起型人与夜猫子型人)relatively_8_(distribute),such that the shell is a little bit safer during a 24-hour period. Meanwhile,humans have more REM(rapid eye movement)sleep than other primates( 9 less sleep in total.When you're in phasic REM,you're as dead to the world 10 you'll ever be.For our ancient ancestors,it was extremely costly to be in this state,but if you've built the shell,all of a sudden you have a new opportunity to get this really valuable sleep at higher proportions than other animals. Section B(10分) Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.attend B.colors C.pull D.favor E.holding F.land G.managing H.opposite I.point J.qualify K.ignore We Won,They Lost Pay attention to how anybody talks after a match.When the team wins,it is "we won,we were amazing."When they lose,it becomes "they lost,they were awful." Social psychologists have a name for the first response:basking in reflected glory.In a set of now-classic field studies,Cialdini and colleagues(1976)found that university students were far more likely to wear their school's 11 on the Monday after their football team had won than after it had lost. The 12 has a name too:cutting off reflected failure.This is what happens the moment losses13 and we need a little distance between ourselves and the team.It's interesting how quickly we can shift from "us"to "them". What we are doing is14 our own self-esteem through a team we have no control over. Their success feels like ours even though all we did was sit down and watch,and their failure is something we would rather not be too closely associated with. It may seem a little ridiculous,but we do the same thing in other group settings,e.g.the schools we15.We borrow a sense of who we are from the groups that still have us.The World Cup only makes it impossible to 16this. I have watched this entire tournament from the UAE(阿联酋)，which did not_l7_this time.And so did almost everyone around me.This is a place made up of people from everywhere, cheering for wherever they came from.On a single evening you can walk past several cafes and hear several different anthems().It is a whole country18onto home,together,in a place that has become home for us too. People who have lived in the UAE know exactly what I mean.We build a life somewhere that is not where we started.Yet,we feel the19 of somewhere else the moment a match kicks off at 3 am.I think the inconvenience is part of the 20;we are willing to give up sleep and other things for a match as it's one of the ways to prove to ourselves what actually matters. II.Reading Comprehension SectionA(15分) Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In a move that seeks to engineer confrontation among nations on the technology front,the United States is reportedly ready to demand that dozens of countries pick sides in the artificial intelligence race with China-warning that they will be 21from a US-led AI coalition if they also sign up for China's "competing framework". The draft letter,prepared by the US State Department,is said to be 22 to the 35 signatories of a US "AI Opportunity Statement"signed in June.Washington obviously hopes to 2 form a technology bloc to deny China 23 to the resources vital for building state-of-the-art AI. Such a strategy will undoubtedly do damage to the development of AI as it will 24 the global supply chains and erode multilateral cooperation.It will also disrupt the positive feedback loop between technological innovation,market development and real-world 25,ultimately hindering the growth and sustainability of the AI ecosystem itself.This reflects Washington's 26game mindset-if the US cannot lead,it seeks to block others from making headway. The Chinese embassy in the US expressed firm opposition to the US 27 trade and technology issues."Such actions will only slow global AI advances and serve no one's interests," an embassy spokesperson said. By drawing red lines for cooperation through exclusionary clauses and forcing other countries to pick sides,the US is weaponizing technological competition,while seeking to preserve its dominant position in the field of AI through 28-based barriers.The US' hegemonic(approach not only harms others but will ultimately undermine its own long-term development as well.29 AI is becoming a key technology driving the new round of scientific and technological revolution,it is all the more important for nations to accelerate open exchanges in this field for the common good of all. For those in the US seeking to 30walls,they should understand that holding innovation hostage to geopolitics goes against the principles of science and technology as well as the trend of the times.They should respect normal international technological cooperation and the right of countries to 31choose their cooperation partners.The US will only alienate itself from other countries if it denies nations the right to engage with their partners based on their own development needs,forcing them into making an either-or choice. China promotes global AI governance by 32 an open,inclusive,and multilateral approach to make AI a global public good.It advocates "humanity-centered"and "AI-for-good" development,supporting the United Nations'central role in establishing international governance mechanisms.Through 33 such as open-source models,capacity-building training for developing nations and the creation of the World Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Organization, the country actively works to 34 the global digital divide and ensure that AI benefits all of humanity. Bloc confrontation cannot solve technological challenges,nor can exclusionary alliances advance human scientific progress.If the US continues to build technological barriers,it will lose the innovative 35 that is inseparable from global technology cooperation and find itself in the predicament of closed-door development. 21.A.sheltered B.divorced C.drawn D.excluded 22.A.proposed B.addressed C.exposed D.restricted 23.A.attachment B.exception C.access D.relationship 24.A.discourage B.dispose C.fragment D.streamline 3 25.A.application B.resolution C.dedication D.participation 26.A.zero-sum B.positive-sum C.winner-take-all D.pass-fail 27.A.differentiating B.signaling C.generalizing D.politicizing 28.A.economy B.alliance C.technology D.education 29.A.Even though B.As long as C.Now that D.The moment 30.A.tear down B.lean against C.break down D.put up 31.A.independently B.intelligently C.variably D.deliberately 32.A.sticking B.reinventing C.championing D.monitoring 33.A.schedules B.initiatives C.terminals D.mechanisms 34.A.deepen B.eliminate C.bridge D.introduce 35.A.vitality B.approach C.diversity D.originality Section B(22分) Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best fits according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) A new shipping route between the Chinese port of Ningbo-Zhoushan and Felixstowe in the United Kingdom launches this week,with claims it could cut the 40-day journey in half. The weekly route between the export hub in Ningbo-the world's busiest port by cargo tonnage-and Felixstowe,which is the UK's largest container port,will be operated by the Chinese container shipping company Sea Legend,with ships passing through the Arctic via a course known as the Northern Sea Route along Russia's northern coast.Sea Legend,which is known for connecting China with markets in Turkiye and North Africa,described the route as the "Ice Silk Road",in a nod to the trading route that famously connected China with Europe in antiquity. The Northern Sea Route saw 15 such voyages in 2024 and 23 last year and is being seen as an increasingly feasible option because of rising global seawater temperatures and reduced ice volumes,The Financial Times newspaper reported.University of Southampton researchers said recently they recorded the largest drop in Arctic sea ice volumes on record during the peak winter period between 2024 and 2025,with the levels down by 5.8 percent. Rahul Khanna,global head of marine risk consulting at insurance provider Allianz,told the paper:"There's been a definite increase in traffic through the Arctic and Northern Sea Route. Vessels and ship owners now see it as more of an opportunity,first to save a lot of time and costs,"but also to get around some geopolitical choke points and conflict zones. Those choke points include the Bab al-Mandab Strait that feeds into the Red Sea,where Houthi militants have disrupted shipping,and the Strait of Hormuz that connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman,where military activity has also interrupted shipping. The Northern Sea Route is administered by the Russian state-owned company Rosatom, which issues permits to companies wanting to use it. The Ningbo-Felixstowe service is not the first container voyage via the Northern Sea Route, following a 2018 trial voyage by Danish shipping giant Maersk between Vladivostok in Russia's Far East and St.Petersburg. But while the new route promises major savings in time,costs and fuel,it also adds to the challenges facing the Arctic.Steven Guilbeault,a former environment minister in Canada's government,told The Financial Times it must be carefully managed if environmental damage is to be avoided."The impact of global warming in the Arctic is quite staggering,"he told the paper. "Climate change will enhance security risks in the Arctic,particularly if there are more and more vessels in the Arctic." 36.Which of the following statements about the new shipping route is TRUE? A.It is guaranteed to shorten the original 40-day voyage by half,saving both time and fuel. B.It is jointly operated by the Chinese company Sea Legend and the Danish giant Maersk. C.It sails through the Arctic along the Russian northern coastline on a weekly basis. D.Its operator has already conducted 38 voyages on this exact route over the past two years. 37.The phrase "choke points"in paragraph 4 most probably refers to A.narrow sea passages that are highly vulnerable to military or militant interference B.major international ports where cargo volumes frequently exceed handling capacities C.icy sections of the Arctic Ocean that remain impassable for most container ships D.territorial waters that have been permanently closed to foreign commercial vessels 38.What is Steven Guilbeault's attitude towards the new shipping route? A.Fully supportive of its economic gains B.Neutral,weighing both sides equally C.Cautiously concerned about ecological risks D.Dismissive of environmental warnings 39.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A.The Northern Sea Route:A Historic Revival of the Ancient Silk Road B.New Arctic Shipping Lane:Promises and Potential Risks C.Sea Legend Pioneers a Faster European Route Amid Global Warming D.Melting Ice Fuels Arctic Navigation but Raises Geopolitical Tensions (B) Welcome to the best new movies!We're adding the latest Certified Fresh films as they're released in theaters and across streamers,so check back every weeek! 5 MAN ON THE RUN(2025) Critics:Chronicling()Paul McCartney's time spent in the creative wilderness through when he regrew his wings,Man on the Run is a lovely testament to the musical genius and his romantic RUN partnership with Linda McCartney. Summary:In April 1970,Paul released his first solo album, McCartney,alongside a shocking press release that announced the beloved band had split.When asked what he'd do next,he said his only plan...was to grow up.Man on the Run captures Paul's transformative decade in the wake of The Beatles'break-up.Through stunning footage,exceptional photographs,and interviews with Mick Jagger,Chrissie Hynde,Sean Ono Lennon,Mary and Stella McCartney,all the living Wings members,and of course Paul himself,the film examines this time through a uniquely vulnerable lens. 哭多 EVERYBODY TO KENMURE STREET(2026) EVYD咖Y Critics:A spirited and uplifting documentary,Everybody to K在NMRE Kenmure Street captures a community's witty,determined stand S证T装 against injustice through the power of collective action. Summary:Anti-establishment struggles and activism_run in the veins of Glasgow inhabitants.So when in May 2021,a U.K.Home Office raid is launched,it triggers one of the most spontaneous( acts of civil resistance in recent memory.In Scotland's most diverse neighbourhood,hundreds of residents rush to Kenmure Street to stop the deportation of their neighbours. 6 REMAKE (2025) Critics:Remake is both McElwee's attempt to hold onto his son,and to let him go. Summary:Filmmaker Ross McElwee has spent forty years recording himself and his family,creating documentaries that chronicle the shifting American society through the lens of personal history.His son Adrian grew up inside those films,and eventually began experimenting with the camera himself.When a Hollywood producer acquires the rights to adapt McElwee's 1986 breakthrough SHERMAN'S MARCH into a work of fiction,twenty-year-old Adrian sees a chance for his father to finally reach a wider audience. As the adaptation stalls,Adrian gets swept into a drug addiction and dies from an overdose,leaving behind hours of personal video footage.Retracing Adrian's final years,McElwee reflects on the lifetime behind the camera,then remixes and remakes the movie that Adrian never got to finish. 40.What can be inferred about Paul McCartney's creative wilderness time? A.He completely stopped making music. B.He struggled before achieving new success. C.He focused on interpersonal relationships. D.He frequently collaborated with Mick Jagger. 41.The underlined phrase"run in the veins"is closest in meaning to A.are ignored by B.are deeply rooted in C.are opposed to D.are controlled by 42.What do the three films have in common? A.They are all non-fictional works. B.They all feature celebrities as their core subjects. C.They all explore personal stories against public struggles. D.They were all originally scheduled for public release in 2025. (C) For office innovators,the unrealized dream of the "paperless"office is a classic example of high-tech hubris ()But after decades of advertising,American offices may finally be losing their paper obsession.Paper sales have seen a marked slowdown over the past two or three years -despite the strong overall economy. Analysts attribute the decline to such factors as advances in digital databases and communication systems.Escaping our reliance on paper,however,will be anything but an easy affair. "Old habits are hard to break,"says Merilyn Dunn,a communications supplies director."There are some functions that paper serves where a screen display doesn't work.Those functions are both its strength and its weakness." In the early to mid-90s,the convenience of desktop printing allowed office workers to indulge in printing anything and everything at very little effort or cost.But now,the growth rate of paper sales in the United States is flattening.A primary reason for the change,says Dunn,is that for the first time ever,some 47 percent of the workforce entered the job market after computers had already been introduced to offices. "We're finally seeing a reduction in the amount of paper being used per worker in the workplace,"says John Maine,vice president of a pulp and paper economic consulting firm."More information is being transmitted electronically,and more and more people are comfortable with the information kept only in electronic form without printing multiple backups." In addition,Mr.Maine points to the weak employment market for white-collar workers-the primary driver of office paper consumption-for the shift in paper usage.The real shift may be in the way paper is used.Since the advent of advanced and reliable office-network systems,data storage has moved away from paper archives. And the changing attitudes toward paper have finally caught the attention of paper companies, says Richard Harper,a researcher at Microsoft."All of a sudden,the paper industry has started thinking,'We need to learn more about the behavioral aspects of paper use,""he says."They had never asked,they'd just assumed that 70 million sheets would be bought per year as a literal function of economic growth." To reduce paper use,some companies are working to combine digital and paper capabilities. For example,Xerox Corp.is developing electronic paper;thin digital displays that respond to a stylus((触控笔)，like a pen on paper..Marks can be erased or saved digitally.Another idea,, intelligent paper,comes from Anoto Group.It would allow marks made with a stylus on a page printed with a special magnetic ink to simultaneously appear on a computer screen. Even with such technological advances,the improved capabilities of digital storage continue to act against "paperlessness",but we hardly notice at all.In the same way that digital innovations have increased paper consumption,so has video conferencing-with its promise of fewer in-person meetings-boosted business travel. That's one of the great ironies of the information age.It's just common sense that the more you talk to someone by phone or computer,the more likely it leads to a face-to-face meeting.The best thing for the aviation industry was the Internet. 8 43.Which of the following is NOT a reason for the slowdown in paper sales? A.Workforce with better computer skills. B.Slow growth of the U.S.economy. C.Changing patterns in paper use. D.Changing employment trends. 44.What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in paragraph 7? A.Richard Harper had accurately predicted the exact annual sales volume. B.The paper industry was well aware of the changing behavioral aspects of paper use. C.The paper industry used to see economic growth as the driver of paper sales. D.Digital innovation would eventually reduce paper consumption. 45.The two innovations by Xerox Corp.and Anoto Group feature A.integrated use of paper and digital form B.a shift from paper to digital form C.the use of computer screen D.a new style of writing 46.What does the author mean by "irony of the information age"? A.The dream of the "paperless"office will be realized. B.People usually prefer to have face-to-face meetings C.More digital data use leads to greater paper use. D.Some people are opposed to video-conferencing. Section C(8分) Directions:Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.You'll get less pushback from machines than men. B.The editor serves as a go-between for writers and readers. C.They like cliched metaphors:there are lots of "Achilles'heels". D.Your writing fails to work if it cannot strike a chord with its intended audience. E.In the meantime,though,their baggy prose makes editing skills all the more vital. F.Fortunately,editors can also complete their routine tasks with far greater efficiency. Al is getting better at writing.Humans must get better at editing Writing is hard.For Franz Kafka,putting words on the page was a process of "unending torments".Now AI has come to the rescue.Large language models(LLMs)have even tripled the number of new e-books published on Amazon every month,to 300,000,a recent study found,and they have drafted more than a third of new websites by one count. If LLMs keep improving,in a few years they could be as good as professional wordsmiths. 47.After all,even the best writers need a good editor to keep them sharp,so here are tips for re-writing AI prose. 9 First,commission well.George R.R.Martin once said the job of editors is to "clip the wings" of writers,and "tell them in which direction to fly".When it comes to LLMs,that means giving clear instructions about exactly what you want,and asking them to refine their output as many times as necessary.48.Mr.Martin said editors were "the writer's natural enemy";AI would probably say“great observation!”' Second,pay attention to detail.AI writers will make mistakes and offer phrases that sound good but mean nothing.They like to lavish their prose with Latinate words,talking about the “bi-directional flow”and how to“expedite grid enhancements'”._49_ Finally,know your audience.50.LLMs tend to flatter people excessively and their smarmy tone is often off-key.If you are writing an email to break some bad news to your boss, tell your bot to skip the exclamation marks lest your boss misunderstand the intention of your report. "Write drunk,edit sober,"goes the old writers'maxim.If that's right,when the AI-human team gets down to work,the AIs will have all the fun. III.Summary Writing (10) Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible. 51.Buy Now,Pay Later'Lenders Pitch Loans for Needs Like Electricity and Rent "Buy now,pay later"loans took off during the pandemic as a way for online shoppers to spend money without using a credit card.Now,lenders are offering the loans as a means for people to finance basic household needs.The lending apps Flex and Zip allow customers to take out loans to pay for their broadband,electricity,health insurance,mobile phone service,mortgage and water bills. The rise in pay-later financing comes as many households are leaning more on-debt to keep up with their daily expenses.For many borrowers,the loans have become their only option:Half of those using them said they could not make ends meet otherwise,according to the latest survey. Meanwhile,some shoppers with access to other credit deliberately choose pay-later loans.They prefer the loans'short repayment terms and see their fees as more transparent than those on credit cards,where interest rates change and a single late payment can trigger penalties. But the pay-later loans can also become debt traps,especially when borrowers pile them up. One mistimed withdrawal can set off a series of overdraft()fees and other missed payments, because pay-later loans often pull their payments directly from customers'bank accounts or debit cards. Another concern about the explosion of pay-later lending is the way it largely exists outside the mainstream credit ecosystem,creating hundreds of billions of dollars in consumer debt that isn't captured in traditional economic analyses and snapshots.That creates a blind spot sometimes called "phantom debt,"much of it held not by banks but by private credit firms that operate in the less regulated“shadow banking”system. 10 V.Translation(15分) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets. 52.台风来临前，建议居民非必要不出门，以防意外.(case) 53.这部低成本恐怖片大爆，源于导演精准刻画了隐藏在“老实人”外表下的贪婪和懦弱. (owe) 54.随着人们越来越重视健康，户外运动用品的消费日益增长，许多人愿意投资专业装备， 来更好地享受户外活动.(invest) 55.今年的上海书展与时俱进，将人工智能技术融人传统的图书展览，不仅为读者提供了个 性化的选书推荐，也使他们能够更加便捷地了解书籍内容.(not only) V.Guided Writing(25) Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学高三学生李华。你收到朋友王梓的来信（如下所示）.请写一封回信，给予他 建议，帮助他解决当前的困惑。 To:LiHua@mq.edu.cn From:WangZi@mdschool.edu.cn Subject:A Tough Choice-Need Your Advice Dear Li Hua, Senior year is coming,and the schoolwork has become a burden for me.So,my parents are pushing me to drop my weekend badminton time with my friends and sign up for an extra tutoring class to pull up my grades instead.I am caught in a dilemma.Should I keep my weekly badminton sessions with my friends or go for that extra tutoring?I really need your advice.Please tell me which one I should choose,and why? Yours, Wang Zi 11