Unit 1 Look it up! 词汇专项训练 2026-2027学年沪教版英语八年级上册

2026-09-17
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**基本信息** 聚焦单元核心词汇,通过多题型梯度训练构建“词汇记忆-词形转换-语境应用”完整知识链,强化语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇记忆|中译英14词、短语10组|基础拼写,考查单词及短语中英文对应|从孤立词汇到固定搭配,夯实语言基础| |词形转换|14题|词性转换,覆盖名词、形容词等变形规则|基于词根词缀,构建语法变形逻辑链| |语境应用|单选7题、填空26题|综合运用,结合单句及语篇考查词汇运用|从单句填空到语篇理解,实现知识迁移|

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Unit1 Look it up! 词汇专项训练 一、中译英(根据中文写出英文单词) 英文 中文 英文 中文 n. 恐龙 adj. 有才智的;聪明的 adj. 有才能的 adj. 有艺术天赋的 adv. 可能;大概 n. 笔记本 n. 交通工具;车辆 adj. 史前的 adv. 完全地;彻底地 adj. 原始的;起初的 n. 出生 n. 苦难;痛苦 n. 艺术家;画家 n. 死亡 adj. 全部的;整个的 n.(作品)一首;一篇 n. 编辑 v. 组织;安排 n. 顺序 v. 记录;记载 v. 发明;创造 v. 消失;灭绝 n. 词典 n. 百科全书 v. 包含;包括 adj. 相似的 二、短语中译英(根据中文写出英文短语) 英文 中文 英文 中文 查阅;抬头看 灭绝 在…… 方面有天赋 从小;自幼 一种 与…… 有关;有亲缘关系 多于;超过 例如 根据 在某种程度上 浏览 起到重要作用 出生于 成百上千 搜索;查找 因…… 闻名 与…… 相似 查明;弄清楚 三、词形转换(写出对应形式) 1. intelligence → ____________(adj.) 有才智的;聪明的 2. talent → __________(adj.) 有才能的 3. art → __________(n.) 艺术家 /____________(adj.) 有艺术天赋的 4. complete → ____________(adv.) 完全地;彻底地 5. origin → ____________(adj.) 原始的;起初的 6. suffer → ____________(n.) 苦难;痛苦 7. die → ____________(n.) 死亡 /____________(adj.) 死的 /____________(adj.) 垂死的 8. invent → ____________(n.) 发明物 /____________(n.) 发明家 9. edit → ____________(n.) 编辑 10. organize → ____________(n.) 组织;机构 /____________(n.) 组织者 11. history → ____________(adj.) 历史的;有关历史的 12. create → ____________(n.) 创造;创作 13. include → ____________(三单形式) /____________(prep. 包括) /____________(过去分词) 14. similar → ____________(n. 相似点) /____________(adv. 类似地) 一、单项选择 1.—Where is Lucy? I can’t find her anywhere. —I’m not sure. She is ________ in the gym. A.almost B.instead C.perhaps D.hardly 2.When you don’t know a word, you can ________ in a dictionary. A.look up it B.look it up C.look up them D.look them up 3.The book ________ many interesting facts about old inventions. A.includes B.advises C.researches D.experiences 4.—Could you show me how I can use this new app to ________ voice notes? —Of course. Just click this button first. A.repeat B.record C.reduce D.remember 5.The old bus is a useful ________ for travelling around the village. A.symbol B.vehicle C.record D.education 6.Computers ________ an important role in modern education. A.take B.make C.play D.have 7.We can get lots of ________ from reading English passages. A.fact B.word C.knowledge D.story 二、单词拼写 8.Friendship is ________ (也许) the most precious gift from God. 9.Do you remember your place of ________ (出生)? Have you ever been there? 10.The boy wrote his favourite things in his ________ (笔记本). 11.Please look this word up in the ________ (字典) if you don’t know its meaning. 12.My breakfast mainly ________ (包括) fruit juice, bread and eggs. 三、完成句子 13.它们与鳄鱼、蛇以及蜥蜴有关。 They are ________ ________ crocodiles, snakes and lizards. 14.列奥纳多·达·芬奇出生于意大利乡村。 Leonardo da Vinci ___________ the countryside in Italy. 15.恐龙大约在6600万年前就灭绝了。 Dinosaurs ________ ________ about 66 million years ago. 16.蜜蜂在我们星球的生态系统中起着重要作用。 Bees ____________ in the ecosystem of our planet. 17.徐磊跟我很像。我们都很结实,并且我们都喜欢足球。 Xu Lei _______ _______ _______ me. We are both strong and we both like soccer. 18.他在多个不同领域展现出非凡的才能。 He ________ unusually _________ many different fields. 四、选词填空 Here is more information from the encyclopaedia. Complete the passage with the words and phrases below. Change the form if necessary. a type of  completely  die out  perhaps  prehistoric In the 1990s, researchers in China discovered something surprising about dinosaurs: some of these 19 animals had feathers. This discovery helped explain the connection between birds and dinosaurs. According to scientists, all the non-bird dinosaurs 20 but dinosaurs survived as birds. In fact, birds developed from 21 two-legged, meat-eating dinosaurs called theropods (兽脚类恐龙). 22 you’ve seen exciting movies about dinosaurs like T-Rex (霸王龙). Well, those huge dinosaurs come from the same family as birds. Today’s ducks and chickens aren’t scary, but they are actually related to T-Rex! In one way, the dinosaurs never disappeared 23 — they just became smaller. 五、短文填空 阅读短文,根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式,每空限填一词。 Pablo Picasso, born in Spain in 1881, was a creator of modern art. He was very i 24 . It’s said that he drew pictures before he could talk. From his early days, he could paint in different styles. As he grew older, however, he wanted to develop a c 25 new and different style, so he created Cubism (立体派) ! Picasso is an a 26 who changed art forever. He taught us that artists don’t have to look real to be beautiful. He proved that being creative is more important than following rules. Now, some students carefully o 27 his paintings to show how his art changed over time. We can see works from the birth of Cubism in 1907 to the paintings he made just before his d 28 in 1973. His paintings like Guernica and Dove of Peace move people with their bold shapes and hope. 六、完形填空 Reading is a good habit. We can learn a lot from books. When we meet a new word, we can 29 it up in a dictionary. It helps us know the 30 of the word. There are many books in the 31 . We can 32 books and read them. We must return them 33 time. Books 34 us knowledge and make us wise. Reading can 35 our vocabulary and improve our memory. We should keep reading every day. Don’t 36 up reading even if you are busy. Reading makes our life 37 and colourful. Let’s 38 reading as a lifelong hobby. 29.A.take B.look C.get D.turn 30.A.meaning B.way C.use D.write 31.A.school B.library C.home D.shop 32.A.buy B.borrow C.lend D.throw 33.A.in B.on C.at D.for 34.A.give B.make C.take D.let 35.A.increase B.work C.pull D.fall 36.A.give B.get C.turn D.wake 37.A.boring B.interesting C.tiring D.quiet 38.A.take B.make C.look D.turn 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit1 Look it up! 词汇专项训练 一、中译英(根据中文写出英文单词) 英文 中文 英文 中文 dinosaur n. 恐龙 intelligent adj. 有才智的;聪明的 talented adj. 有才能的 artistic adj. 有艺术天赋的 perhaps adv. 可能;大概 notebook n. 笔记本 vehicle n. 交通工具;车辆 prehistoric adj. 史前的 completely adv. 完全地;彻底地 original adj. 原始的;起初的 birth n. 出生 suffering n. 苦难;痛苦 artist n. 艺术家;画家 death n. 死亡 whole adj. 全部的;整个的 piece n.(作品)一首;一篇 editor n. 编辑 organize v. 组织;安排 order n. 顺序 record v. 记录;记载 invent v. 发明;创造 disappear v. 消失;灭绝 dictionary n. 词典 encyclopaedia n. 百科全书 include v. 包含;包括 similar adj. 相似的 二、短语中译英(根据中文写出英文短语) 英文 中文 英文 中文 look up 查阅;抬头看 die out 灭绝 be talented in 在…… 方面有天赋 from an early age 从小;自幼 a type of 一种 be related to 与…… 有关;有亲缘关系 more than 多于;超过 for example 例如 according to 根据 in one way 在某种程度上 look through 浏览 play an important role 起到重要作用 be born in 出生于 hundreds of 成百上千 search for 搜索;查找 be famous for 因…… 闻名 be similar to 与…… 相似 find out 查明;弄清楚 三、词形转换(写出对应形式) 1. intelligence → intelligent(adj.) 有才智的;聪明的 2. talent → talented(adj.) 有才能的 3. art → artist(n.) 艺术家 / artistic(adj.) 有艺术天赋的 4. complete → completely(adv.) 完全地;彻底地 5. origin → original(adj.) 原始的;起初的 6. suffer → suffering(n.) 苦难;痛苦 7. die → death(n.) 死亡 / dead(adj.) 死的 / dying(adj.) 垂死的 8. invent → invention(n.) 发明物 / inventor(n.) 发明家 9. edit → editor(n.) 编辑 10. organize → organization(n.) 组织;机构 / organizer(n.) 组织者 11. history → historical(adj.) 历史的;有关历史的 12. create → creation(n.) 创造;创作 13. include → includes(三单形式) / including(prep. 包括) / included(过去分词) 14. similar → similarity(n. 相似点) / similarly(adv. 类似地) 一、单项选择 1.—Where is Lucy? I can’t find her anywhere. —I’m not sure. She is ________ in the gym. A.almost B.instead C.perhaps D.hardly 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——露西在哪里?我到处都找不到她。——我不确定。她可能在体育馆。 almost几乎;instead代替,反而;perhaps也许,可能(表示推测);hardly几乎不。根据前句“I’m not sure”可知,说话者不确定,表示“也许”在体育馆,应填perhaps。 2.When you don’t know a word, you can ________ in a dictionary. A.look up it B.look it up C.look up them D.look them up 【答案】B 【详解】句意:当你不认识一个单词时,你可以在词典里查阅它。 look up意为“查阅”,是“动词+副词”结构,当宾语为代词时,需放在动词和副词之间,排除选项AC;根据前文“a word”可知是单数,应用代词it指代,排除选项D。 3.The book ________ many interesting facts about old inventions. A.includes B.advises C.researches D.experiences 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这本书包含了许多关于古老发明的有趣事实。 includes包含;advises建议;researches研究;experiences经历。根据主语“The book”及宾语“many interesting facts”可知,书与事实之间为包含关系,其他选项动作发出者通常为人,不符合语境。应填includes。 4.—Could you show me how I can use this new app to ________ voice notes? —Of course. Just click this button first. A.repeat B.record C.reduce D.remember 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你能给我展示一下我如何使用这个新的应用程序来录制语音笔记吗?——当然可以。首先点击这个按钮。 repeat重复;record记录、录音;reduce减少;remember记得。根据“voice notes”及答语“Just click this button first.”可知,此处指使用应用程序来录制语音笔记。应填record。 5.The old bus is a useful ________ for travelling around the village. A.symbol B.vehicle C.record D.education 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这辆旧巴士是游览村庄的有用交通工具。 symbol象征;vehicle交通工具;record记录;education教育。根据“travelling around the village”可知,巴士是交通工具,应填vehicle。 6.Computers ________ an important role in modern education. A.take B.make C.play D.have 【答案】C 【详解】句意:计算机在现代教育中起着重要作用。 take带走;make制作;play玩耍;have有。根据“an important role in”可知,此处是play a role in,意为“在……中起作用”,为固定搭配。take/make/have均不能与role构成此意。 7.We can get lots of ________ from reading English passages. A.fact B.word C.knowledge D.story 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我们可以通过阅读英语文章获得很多知识。 fact事实;word单词;knowledge知识;story故事。lots of后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,A、B、D 均为可数名词单数,语法不符;knowledge是不可数名词,且符合阅读获取知识的语境。 二、单词拼写 8.Friendship is ________ (也许) the most precious gift from God. 【答案】perhaps 【详解】句意:友谊也许是来自上天最珍贵的礼物。perhaps“也许,可能”,副词,修饰整个句子。 9.Do you remember your place of ________ (出生)? Have you ever been there? 【答案】birth 【详解】句意:你记得你的出生地吗?你去过那里吗?根据汉语提示“出生”,介词of后接名词,birth表示出生,固定搭配place of birth表示出生地,符合句子逻辑及语境。 10.The boy wrote his favourite things in his ________ (笔记本). 【答案】notebook 【详解】句意:男孩在笔记本上写下了他最喜欢的东西。空处需填名词作宾语。汉语提示“笔记本”对应的名词为notebook。 11.Please look this word up in the ________ (字典) if you don’t know its meaning. 【答案】dictionary 【详解】句意:如果你不知道这个单词的意思,请在字典里查一下。根据中文提示“字典”可知,此处应填名词dictionary,且前面有定冠词the,用单数形式。 12.My breakfast mainly ________ (包括) fruit juice, bread and eggs. 【答案】includes 【详解】句意:我的早餐主要包括果汁、面包和鸡蛋。根据汉语提示“包括”,主语My breakfast是单数,句子为一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数includes,符合句子逻辑及语境。 三、完成句子 13.它们与鳄鱼、蛇以及蜥蜴有关。 They are ________ ________ crocodiles, snakes and lizards. 【答案】 related to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“与……有关”,be related to是固定短语,意为“与……有亲缘关系;与……相关”。故填related;to。 14.列奥纳多·达·芬奇出生于意大利乡村。 Leonardo da Vinci ___________ the countryside in Italy. 【答案】was born in 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“出生于”。“出生于”在英文中常用“be born in”表达。出生是过去发生的一次性动作,所以用一般过去时;主语Leonardo da Vinci是第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填was born in。 15.恐龙大约在6600万年前就灭绝了。 Dinosaurs ________ ________ about 66 million years ago. 【答案】 died out 【详解】原句中“灭绝”是关键词,对应的固定短语是die out。时间状语“about 66 million years ago”表明时态是一般过去时,动词需用过去式died。 16.蜜蜂在我们星球的生态系统中起着重要作用。 Bees ____________ in the ecosystem of our planet. 【答案】play an important part/play an important role 【详解】原句中“起着重要作用”是关键词,表示“起着重要作用”的短语是play an important part/role。本句为一般现在时,主语Bees是复数,谓语动词用原形。故填play an important part/role。 17.徐磊跟我很像。我们都很结实,并且我们都喜欢足球。 Xu Lei _______ _______ _______ me. We are both strong and we both like soccer. 【答案】 is similar to 【详解】原句中“跟我很像”为关键词,be similar to是固定短语,意为“与……相似”;句子主语Xu Lei是第三人称单数,用一般现在时,be动词用is,故填is;similar;to。 18.他在多个不同领域展现出非凡的才能。 He ________ unusually _________ many different fields. 【答案】 was talented in 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,缺少“在……方面展现出非凡的才能”的表达。be talented in“在……方面展现非凡的才能”,固定短语,本句描述的是人物过往的能力表现,用一般过去时,主语“He”是第三人称单数,所以be动词用was。故填was;talented in。 四、选词填空 Here is more information from the encyclopaedia. Complete the passage with the words and phrases below. Change the form if necessary. a type of  completely  die out  perhaps  prehistoric In the 1990s, researchers in China discovered something surprising about dinosaurs: some of these 19 animals had feathers. This discovery helped explain the connection between birds and dinosaurs. According to scientists, all the non-bird dinosaurs 20 but dinosaurs survived as birds. In fact, birds developed from 21 two-legged, meat-eating dinosaurs called theropods (兽脚类恐龙). 22 you’ve seen exciting movies about dinosaurs like T-Rex (霸王龙). Well, those huge dinosaurs come from the same family as birds. Today’s ducks and chickens aren’t scary, but they are actually related to T-Rex! In one way, the dinosaurs never disappeared 23 — they just became smaller. 【答案】19.prehistoric 20.died out 21.a type of 22.Perhaps 23.completely 【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了恐龙与鸟类之间的联系,以及恐龙如何进化成现代鸟类。 【详解】19.句意:在20世纪90年代,中国的研究人员发现了关于恐龙的一些令人惊讶的事情:这些史前动物中有一些有羽毛。根据上下文,这里需要填入一个形容词来描述恐龙的特征。“prehistoric”意为“史前的”,符合语境。故填prehistoric。 20.句意:根据科学家的说法,所有非鸟类恐龙都灭绝了,但恐龙以鸟类的形式存活了下来。根据“all the non-bird dinosaurs…but dinosaurs survived as birds”可知,这里需要填入一个表示“灭绝”的短语。“die out”意为“灭绝”,且需要用过去式形式。故填died out。 21.句意:事实上,鸟类是从一种两足、食肉的兽脚类恐龙进化而来的。根据“birds developed from…two-legged, meat-eating dinosaurs”可知,这里需要填入一个表示“一种”的短语。a type of“一种”,符合语境。故填a type of。 22.句意:也许你看过关于像霸王龙这样的恐龙的激动人心的电影。根据“you’ve seen exciting movies about dinosaurs”可知,句子结构完整,这里需要填入一个表示“也许”的副词。perhaps“也许”,符合语境,句首首字母大写。故填Perhaps。 23.句意:从某种意义上说,恐龙从未完全消失——它们只是变得更小了。根据“the dinosaurs never disappeared…they just became smaller”可知,这里需要填入一个副词来修饰动词。completely“完全地”,符合语境。故填completely。 五、短文填空 阅读短文,根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式,每空限填一词。 Pablo Picasso, born in Spain in 1881, was a creator of modern art. He was very i 24 . It’s said that he drew pictures before he could talk. From his early days, he could paint in different styles. As he grew older, however, he wanted to develop a c 25 new and different style, so he created Cubism (立体派) ! Picasso is an a 26 who changed art forever. He taught us that artists don’t have to look real to be beautiful. He proved that being creative is more important than following rules. Now, some students carefully o 27 his paintings to show how his art changed over time. We can see works from the birth of Cubism in 1907 to the paintings he made just before his d 28 in 1973. His paintings like Guernica and Dove of Peace move people with their bold shapes and hope. 【答案】24.intelligent/ntelligent 25.completely/ompletely 26.artist/rtist 27.observe/bserve 28.death/eath 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记类短文。文章主要讲述了现代艺术创作者毕加索的生平、艺术成就及其对后世的深远影响。 【详解】24.句意:他非常聪明。分析句子结构可知,“was”是系动词,后接形容词作表语。根据后文“It’s said that he drew pictures before he could talk.”可知,这是在描述他天赋异禀、非常聪明。首字母i的形容词intelligent表示“聪明的”。 25.句意:然而,随着年龄的增长,他想发展一种完全新颖且不同的风格。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰形容词短语“new and different”,需用副词。根据语境,立体派是一种全新的艺术风格,首字母c的对应单词为completely意为“完全地”,常用于修饰new或different,强调程度。 26.句意:毕加索是一位永远改变了艺术的艺术家。分析句子结构可知,空处位于冠词“an”之后,需填名词单数。根据常识及上文提到的“creator of modern art”可知,毕加索是一位艺术家。首字母a对应单词为artist意为“艺术家”,符合语境。 27.句意:现在,一些学生仔细观察他的画作,以展示他的艺术是如何随时间变化的。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,主语“some students”是复数,且时间状语“Now”常用一般现在时,动词用原形。根据语境,学生为了研究艺术变化需要“观察”画作。首字母o对应单词observe意为“观察”。 28.句意:我们可以看到从1907年立体派诞生到他1973年去世前创作的画作。分析句子结构可知,空处位于形容词性物主代词“his”之后,需填名词。根据年份1973及常识可知,这是毕加索去世的年份。首字母d对应单词death意为“死亡”,符合语境。 六、完形填空 Reading is a good habit. We can learn a lot from books. When we meet a new word, we can 29 it up in a dictionary. It helps us know the 30 of the word. There are many books in the 31 . We can 32 books and read them. We must return them 33 time. Books 34 us knowledge and make us wise. Reading can 35 our vocabulary and improve our memory. We should keep reading every day. Don’t 36 up reading even if you are busy. Reading makes our life 37 and colourful. Let’s 38 reading as a lifelong hobby. 29.A.take B.look C.get D.turn 30.A.meaning B.way C.use D.write 31.A.school B.library C.home D.shop 32.A.buy B.borrow C.lend D.throw 33.A.in B.on C.at D.for 34.A.give B.make C.take D.let 35.A.increase B.work C.pull D.fall 36.A.give B.get C.turn D.wake 37.A.boring B.interesting C.tiring D.quiet 38.A.take B.make C.look D.turn 【答案】 29.B 30.A 31.B 32.B 33.B 34.A 35.A 36.A 37.B 38.A 【导语】本文介绍阅读的好处,如查字典、图书馆借书、增长知识等,鼓励大家坚持阅读,将其作为终身爱好。 【详解】29.句意:当我们遇到生词时,我们可以查字典。 遇到生词在字典里查阅是固定搭配look up,表示“查阅”,符合语境。 30.句意:它帮助我们知道单词的意思。 根据查字典的目的,可知是为了了解词义。meaning表示词义,契合查字典的目的。way“方式”,use“用途”,write“书写”,均不符合上下文。 31.句意:图书馆里有很多书。 后文提到借书、还书,对应地点为library“图书馆”。 32.句意:我们可以借书并阅读。 在图书馆是借书来读,borrow表示“借入(自己借过来)”,符合语境。buy“购买”,lend“借出”,throw“扔掉”,均不符合上下文。 33.句意:我们必须按时归还它们。 根据前文“We can borrow books and read them”可知,这里说的是从图书馆借书后的要求。借来的书需要在规定时间内归还,因此应使用固定短语on time,表示“按时、准时”。in time表示“及时”;at time表达错误;for time无此用法,因此不符合语境。 34.句意:书籍给予我们知识并使我们变得聪明。 根据空后“us knowledge and make us wise”可知,此处表示书籍把知识提供给我们。句型应为give sb. sth.“给某人某物”,结构完整且符合逻辑,即“书→给予→知识→人”。如果用make,后面通常接宾语补足语;take表示“拿走”;let表示“让”,均无法与knowledge构成合理表达。 35.句意:阅读能够增加我们的词汇量并提高记忆力。 根据空后“our vocabulary”可知,应表示增加词汇量。increase“增加”符合语境。work“工作”;pull“拉”;fall“下降”均不符合。 36.句意:即使你很忙,也不要放弃阅读。 根据前文“We should keep reading every day”可知,作者是在倡导坚持阅读,因此后句应表达“不要停止阅读”的意思。固定搭配give up doing sth.表示“放弃做某事”,give up reading符合上下文逻辑。get up表示“起床”;turn up表示“出现”;wake up表示“醒来”,均不能体现坚持阅读这一主题。 37.句意:阅读使我们的生活有趣且丰富多彩。 根据空后“and colourful”可知,此处表示积极意义。interesting“有趣的”符合语境。boring“无聊的”;tiring“令人疲惫的”;quiet“安静的”均不符合。 38.句意:让我们把阅读当作终身爱好。 根据前文一直强调阅读的价值以及“as a lifelong hobby”可知,此处表达“把阅读视为一种长期习惯”。固定搭配take...as...表示“把……当作……”。即take reading as a lifelong hobby。make、look、turn均不能构成这一表达,也无法准确体现“将阅读视为终身爱好”的含义。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 1 Look it up! 词汇专项训练 2026-2027学年沪教版英语八年级上册
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Unit 1 Look it up! 词汇专项训练 2026-2027学年沪教版英语八年级上册
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