专题04 阅读理解（议论文）（期中真题汇编，云南专用）高二英语上学期

**基本信息** 聚焦高二英语议论文阅读理解，汇编云南多所中学期中试题，涵盖人与社会（社交媒体影响、慈善等）、人与自我（成功观、骄傲与傲慢）主题，素材兼具时代性与思辨性。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（选择题）|6篇24题|细节理解（如Susan Greenfield观点题）、词义猜测（如“vulnerable”释义）、推理判断（如Nobel科学家研究结论）、主旨大意（如文本核心话题）|以社会热点（TikTok现象、艺术参与困境）和成长议题（专注与多元、骄傲的两面性）为情境，问题设计梯度分明，契合期中检测对语言能力与思维品质的考查需求。|

可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题04阅读理解（议论文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.D2.B3.A4D 主题语境02人与自我-做人与做事 【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.A 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.A 主题语境02人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 【答案】1.C2.B3.C4.D 拓展培优) 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.A5.D 主题语境02人与自我-做人与做事 【答案】1.A2.B3.B4.D 1/1 专题04 阅读理解（议论文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·云南景东彝族自治县第一中学·期中）In today’s society, social networking sites like WeChat, Tik Tok are an important part of our lives, connecting us with friends, family, and new acquaintances (熟人). However, these platforms are not suitable for children, who are increasingly using them at younger ages due to easier technology availability. Studies show that children on social media often have behavioral problems, becoming more self-centered, anti-social, and aggressive (攻击性的). Their social skills suffer as they prefer texting to face-to-face interactions. Oxford expert Susan Greenfield notes that screen time keeps children from learning real-world communication skills, such as body language and tone of voice, stressing the need to enforce age limits. Privacy risks are another major concern. Children often share too much personal information, unaware of the dangers. A recent incident in Renfrewshire involved a man pretending to be a parent to a girl, likely targeting her through details she posted online. Young children are particularly vulnerable due to their simple- mindedness and inability to understand the outcomes of their actions, making them easy targets for those with bad intentions. The “touch generation” is introduced to technology early, with smartphones and tablets becoming common among young children. Cyberbullying (网络欺凌) is widespread, following children home unlike traditional bullying. The Cyberbullying Research Centre reports that about half of young people experience cyberbullying, with 10% — 20% regularly affected. This problem has left many young lives shadowed by lasting anxiety and deep emotional wounds that can follow them well into adulthood. While safe, monitored sites like Club Penguin exist, allowing children to explore social media in a protected environment, no site can ensure complete safety. Children should wait until they are old enough to deal with possible issues. In conclusion, social networking sites, though beneficial for adults, bring mental, emotional, and physical risks to children, who should be allowed to enjoy their childhood without the pressures and dangers of social media. 1.What is Susan Greenfield’s view on children who use social media? A. They have difculty in reasoning. B. They always think about themselves. C. They behave rudely towards others. D. They lack real-world communication skills. 2.What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Fully aware. B. Easily hurt. C. Rapidly developing. D. Regularly changing. 3.What can be learned from paragraph 4? A. Cyberbullying affects many young people. B. Early technology use leads to poor social skills. C. Smartphones have become a necessity for students. D. Children should be prevented from electronic devices. 4.What does the text focus on? A. The methods of surfing the Internet wisely. B. The popularity of using smartphones among students. C. The seriousness of cyberbullying on social networking sites. D. The disadvantages of children using social networking sites. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了社交媒体虽对成年人有益，但儿童使用这类平台会面临行为、隐私、网络欺凌等多方面风险，呼吁儿童应在足够成熟后再使用。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Oxford expert Susan Greenfield notes that screen time keeps children from learning real-world communication skills, such as body language and tone of voice, stressing the need to enforce age limits.(牛津大学专家苏珊·格林菲尔德指出，屏幕时间阻碍了儿童学习现实世界的沟通技能，如肢体语言和语调，并强调有必要实施年龄限制。)”可知，苏珊·格林菲尔德认为使用社交媒体的儿童缺乏现实世界的沟通技能。故选D项。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Young children are particularly vulnerable due to their simple- mindedness and inability to understand the outcomes of their actions, making them easy targets for those with bad intentions.(幼儿由于头脑简单，无法理解自己行为的后果，因此特别vulnerable ，这使他们成为心怀不轨者的易攻击目标。)”可知，划线单词后解释了幼儿的特点——头脑简单、不懂行为后果，导致他们容易成为被针对的目标，因此“vulnerable”意为“易受伤害的”，与“Easily hurt”语义一致。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The Cyberbullying Research Centre reports that about half of young people experience cyberbullying, with 10% — 20% regularly affected.(网络欺凌研究中心报告称，约一半的年轻人经历过网络欺凌，10%至20%的人经常受到影响。)”可知，网络欺凌影响了许多年轻人。故选A项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“However, these platforms are not suitable for children, who are increasingly using them at younger ages due to easier technology availability.(然而，这些平台并不适合儿童，由于技术的普及，越来越多的儿童在更小的年纪就开始使用它们。)”、第二段中的“Studies show that children on social media often have behavioral problems, becoming more self-centered, anti-social, and aggressive.(研究表明，使用社交媒体的儿童往往会出现行为问题，变得更加以自我为中心、反社会和具有攻击性。)”、第三段中的“Privacy risks are another major concern.(隐私风险是另一个主要担忧。)”、第四段中的“Cyberbullying (网络欺凌) is widespread, following children home unlike traditional bullying.(网络欺凌非常普遍，与传统欺凌不同，它会跟随孩子到家。)”及最后一段中的“In conclusion, social networking sites, though beneficial for adults, bring mental, emotional, and physical risks to children, who should be allowed to enjoy their childhood without the pressures and dangers of social media.(总之，社交媒体网站虽然对成年人有益，但会给儿童带来心理、情感和身体上的风险，应该让儿童享受他们的童年，而不受社交媒体的压力和危险。)”可知，文章从行为问题、隐私风险、网络欺凌等多个方面，全面阐述了儿童使用社交媒体的弊端，核心聚焦于“儿童使用社交媒体的不利之处”。故选D项。 主题语境02 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高二上·云南新纪元云贵发展中心·期中）A single-minded, tireless drive — that’s what it takes to be successful. Be “all in”. Burn the boats behind us. That message is rooted in our society, from self-help books to social media influencers all telling us that we need to commit more. The world continually sends the signal to narrowly define your goals. In my senior year, I became the fastest high-school miler in the country when I ran a 4:01 mile. When my progress as a runner reached a bottleneck, my sports psychologist told me a story about a world-class runner who had become stuck while struggling to make the transition from success in college to Olympic-level performance. “What helped her break through?” I asked. “Knitting (编织).” he replied. She had taken up knitting to relax and to take her mind off running. I was too young and stubborn to follow the advice. I pushed myself harder—but never ran faster than my high-school record or broke a 4-minute mile. In the years since, working as a coach with top-class performers, I kept noticing that their single-minded focus was getting in their way. Their focus on achieving specific goals had become a constant, disabling signal that they were not measuring up. This single-minded approach was backfiring. Research backs this up. Researchers at Michigan State University looked at over 100 years of Nobel Prize-winning scientists and found they were more likely than their less-accomplished peers to have creative interests outside of their research. The prize-winners were 22 times more likely to perform, sing or act as a hobby; 12 times more likely to pursue creative writing; and about 7 times more likely to participate in a craft like sculpting. To be sure: The more we care, and the more our job or pursuit feels like a part of who we are, the harder we’ll work. That’s helpful to a certain point. But such narrowing comes with a shortcoming. As we get rid of other parts of ourselves, and that one activity becomes an ever bigger presence, fear starts to take over. We don’t just want to succeed. We have to. When outcomes are all that matter, our immediate response isn’t to become a fighter. It’s to retreat (退缩). So, the secret is to go in a different direction. When the world screams to go narrow, top-class performers learn to go broad. 1.How did the author respond after hearing the story of the world-class runner? A. He trained with greater effort. B. He adjusted his training methods. C. He took some time off from running. D. He adopted knitting as a stress-reliever. 2.What do we know about Nobel Prize-winning scientists in the research? A. They spent more time on research than others. B. They avoided entertainments to maintain focus. C. Their diverse hobbies contributed to their achievements. D. Their research covers a wider range of fields than their peers. 3.What does the author think of the single-minded approach? A. It is unavoidable. B. It is unacceptable. C. It is recommendable. D. It is effective. 4.Which of the following might be a suitable title for the text? A. Why “All in” Is No Recipe for Success. B. Breaking Through Fear in Competitive Fields. C. Why Hobbies Outweigh Professional Training. D. Narrowing Down Your Focus to Achieve More. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述“全身心投入”并非成功的唯一秘诀，顶尖成功者往往拥有广泛兴趣，拓宽视野更有助突破。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I was too young and stubborn to follow the advice. I pushed myself harder—but never ran faster than my high-school record or broke a 4-minute mile.(我当时太年轻固执，没有听从这个建议。我更加努力地鞭策自己，但再也没有跑出过比高中时更好的成绩，也没能突破4分钟跑完1英里的记录)”可知，作者听到世界级跑步选手的故事后，没有采纳建议，而是更加努力地训练。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Researchers at Michigan State University looked at over 100 years of Nobel Prize-winning scientists and found they were more likely than their less-accomplished peers to have creative interests outside of their research.(密歇根州立大学的研究人员研究了100多年来的诺贝尔奖得主科学家，发现他们比成就较低的同行更有可能在研究之外拥有创造性兴趣)”可知，诺贝尔奖得主科学家拥有多样化的爱好，这一特点与他们的成就相关，可推断其多样爱好助力了成就。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In the years since, working as a coach with top-class performers, I kept noticing that their single-minded focus was getting in their way.(从那以后，作为一名顶尖选手的教练，我一直注意到他们一心一意的专注正在阻碍他们)”和“This single-minded approach was backfiring.(这种一心一意的方法正在产生适得其反的效果)”可知，作者发现专注单一目标会阻碍进步，甚至适得其反，因此认为这种方法不可取。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段中的“A single-minded, tireless drive — that’s what it takes to be successful. Be “all in”.(一心一意、孜孜不倦的奋斗——这就是成功所需的条件。要“全身心投入”)”和第四段中的“In the years since, working as a coach with top-class performers, I kept noticing that their single-minded focus was getting in their way.(从那以后，作为一名顶尖选手的教练，我一直注意到他们一心一意的专注正在阻碍他们)”、“This single-minded approach was backfiring.(这种一心一意的方法正在产生适得其反的效果)”可知，文章通过作者自身的经历和研究论证这种单一专注的方法存在弊端，顶尖成功者往往拥有广泛兴趣。由此可知，文章核心是反驳“全身心投入”是成功唯一秘诀的观点。因此A项“为什么“全身心投入”不是成功的秘诀。”可以作为最适合的标题。故选A项。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （高二上·云南昆明东川区高中学·期中）Do you make money by doing small jobs? If you do, you may have heard of the idea of spending only some of it, saving some of it and donating some to people who need it more. The head of Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg, and his wife announced they were giving away 99% of their money from Facebook during their lives to help others! That alone is amazing considering most people donate about 3% to 5% of the money they have. It is even more amazing when you realize they’re donating about 45, 000, 000, 000!!!! Don’t worry. They’ll still have about $455 million to live on! They made this decision partly because they had a baby girl, Max, and thought about what kind of world they’d like her to grow up in. It must be an amazing feeling to have that kind of money spent on people in need. Mark Zuckerberg is one of the richest persons in the world, so most of us will never know what that would be like. But we don’t have to be super wealthy to make meaningful change. Sometimes change can come from change! Ten-year-old Joey Roth from America started saving up change he found anywhere--around his house, on the street, on his way to school…And then he started putting it in a jar. He even asked the tooth fairy to donate some change in his letter to her after he lost a tooth! (The tooth fairy is an imaginary person.) His collection, Jar for Change, has grown into a community-wide effort and he has raised over $10, 000 all from people dropping coins into jars! The money he raises goes to help connect parents with their very sick babies. See what these people have done? You, too, can help others—no matter how old you are, where you live and how much you earn! 1.How much would most people donate if they had 20, 000 yuan? A. 60-100 yuan. B. 300-500 yuan. C. 600-1000 yuan. D. 30-50 yuan. 2.Mark Zuckerberg and his wife decided to make such a donation partly because of ________. A. Joey Roth B. their childhood C. their education D. their daughter 3.What does the underlined word “that” in the third paragraph refer to? A. Making money. B. Giving away $45 billion to help others. C. Being the richest person in the world. D. Spending money unwisely. 4.What does the author intend to tell us by mentioning Joey Roth’s story? A. Everyone can make a difference. B. Giving makes people happy. C. Pocket money can be helpful. D. Giving is better than receiving. 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍不是非要有很多钱才能帮助他人，我们可以从小处做起。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“That alone is amazing considering most people donate about 3% to 5% of the money they have.(考虑到大多数人捐出大约3%到5%的钱，这本身就很令人惊讶。)”可知，大多数人会把自己所拥有资金的3%-5%捐出去，所以，如果有20000元，大多数会捐出600-1000元。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They made this decision partly because they had a baby girl, Max, and thought about what kind of world they’d like her to grow up in.(他们做出这个决定的部分原因是，他们有了一个女儿Max，他们想象着她在一个什么样的世界里长大。)”可知，他们捐出这么一大笔钱是因为他们的女儿。故选D。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第二段“It is even more amazing when you realize they’re donating about $45 billion.(当你意识到他们捐赠了450亿美元时，你会更惊讶。)”和划线单词前一句“It must be an amazing feeling to have that kind of money spent on people in need.(把那么多钱花在有需要的人身上一定是一种很棒的感觉。)”以及划线单词所在句“Mark Zuckerberg is one of the richest persons in the world, so most of us will never know what that would be like. (马克·扎克伯格是世界上最富有的人之一，所以我们大多数人永远不会知道那会是什么样子。)”可知，此处说的是我们没有像他那么多的财富，所以我们大多数人都不知道把捐赠450亿美元用来帮助别人的感觉。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。文章第二段、第三段主要讲述了大富翁Mark Zuckerberg夫妇捐款助人的事迹；根据第四段“But we don’t have to be super wealthy to make meaningful change. (但我们不需要超级富有才能做出有意义的改变。)”可知，作者认为不是非要有很多钱才能帮助他人。接着讲述了Joey Roth这个普通小男孩攒钱助人的事迹。所以，作者提到这个小男孩是为了告诉我们每个人都可以帮助其他人、都可以给这个世界带来改变。故选A。 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高二上·云南玉溪第一中学·期中）If someone asked whether you like the arts, you’d probably say you do at least in theory. According to a survey, more than two-thirds of U.S. adults say the arts “lift me up beyond everyday experiences”. However, only 30 percent attended a concert of any type in 2017; 23 percent went to an art museum. Fewer than half actively created art of any kind. The mismatch can boil down to the fact that we are weighed down by our day-to-day responsibilities, leaving our schedule packed. Maybe you like to play a little background music while you work or do the chores, but even before the pandemic, most of us rarely, if ever, saw a live performance, let alone visited a gallery or watched a play. Too often, we let the dull reality of life get in the way of the arts. But this is a mistake. The arts are the opposite of an escape from reality; they might just be the most realistic glimpse we ever get into the nature and meaning of life. If you make time for consuming and producing the arts the same way you make time for work and exercise and family commitments, I assure you that you’ll find your life getting fuller and happier. Think of a time when you heard a piece of music and wanted to cry. Or maybe your dizziness struck as you came out from a narrow side street in an unfamiliar city. There you found yourself in a beautiful town square as if in a fantasy. They probably stimulated (刺激) a sudden awakening, much like the shock from a lungful of pure oxygen after breathing in smoggy air. If you are among the people who feel that the arts are pure pleasures to experience and participate in, you might see them as a luxury item, while a preferable attitude is to treat the arts less like a distracting pleasure, and more like exercise or sleep, a necessity. Then draw up a schedule of your art exposure journey, and gradually weave the arts into your everyday life. 1.What prevents people from enjoying the arts? A. Lack of interest. B. Avoidance of duty. C. Shortage of time. D. Art space inaccessibility. 2.What can we learn about the role of the arts according to paragraph 3? A. They explore mysteries of life. B. They spark emotional responses. C. They enhance physical well-being. D. They offer a getaway from daily life. 3.According to the passage, which of the following statements about “the arts” is true? A. Most people consider the arts as a form of escape from reality. B. The arts can directly provide practical solutions to daily life problems. C. The author suggests that the arts should be treated as a necessity of life. D. The main barrier to participating in the arts is the lack of accessible places. 4.What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph? A. Forms of distracting pleasures. B. Benefits of engaging with the arts. C. Barriers to combine the arts and life. D. Ways to integrate the arts into daily routine. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了多数人认同艺术的价值却很少参与，指出日常事务繁忙是主要阻碍，强调艺术是生活必需品，建议将其融入日常生活。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The mismatch can boil down to the fact that we are weighed down by our day-to-day responsibilities, leaving our schedule packed.(这种脱节可以归结为一个事实：我们被日常责任压得喘不过气，日程安排得满满当当)”可知，人们被日常责任占据，日程紧凑、缺乏时间，这阻碍了他们享受艺术。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They probably stimulated a sudden awakening, much like the shock from a lungful of pure oxygen after breathing in smoggy air.(它们可能会激发一种突然的觉醒，就像在雾霾中呼吸后吸入一口纯净氧气的冲击)”可知，艺术可能会刺激一种突然的觉醒，给人带来震惊。由此推知，艺术会给人带来情绪方面的刺激。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据尾段中的“If you are among the people who feel that the arts are pure pleasures to experience and participate in, you might see them as a luxury item, while a preferable attitude is to treat the arts less like a distracting pleasure, and more like exercise or sleep, a necessity.(如果你认为艺术是纯粹的体验和参与的乐趣，你可能会把它们视为奢侈品，而更可取的态度是不要把艺术当作一种分散注意力的乐趣，而应更像锻炼或睡眠一样，视为一种必需品)”可知，作者建议将艺术当作生活必需品。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Then draw up a schedule of your art exposure journey, and gradually weave the arts into your everyday life.(然后制定一个艺术接触之旅的时间表，逐渐将艺术融入你的日常生活)”可知，文章结尾建议制定计划、将艺术融入日常生活。由此推知，接下来很可能会具体介绍将艺术融入日常的方法。故选D项。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·云南市红塔区玉溪师范学院附属中学·期中）Social media is taking over our lives: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and now, TikTok (抖音). These social media platforms have transformed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic (机会主义) innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities. The median income (中位收入) recorded in the United States of America was about 50,000 to 30,000 a month - $360,000 a year. They are making more than the average person trying to feed their family and keep a roof over their heads, simply by posting a 15-second video. This is mad in more ways than one. Not only is it an overpaid “job”, it promotes unworthy admiration from viewers and a false sense of reality. Many of these famous TikTokers are still teens, and the effects of fame at such an early stage in life might cause issues later in life, such as mental illness. Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of TikTok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered traditionally attractive. While TikTok has become a great tool for marketing, it’s important to understand how this content affects young viewers. If we’re constantly consuming content that shows us all we need to do to be successful is be traditionally attractive and post a 15-second video featuring a new dance, it will challenge our knowledge of what really makes someone successful and will in turn affect our individual work ethics (伦理). What about the people who miss birthday and family holidays due to their jobs and aren’t getting paid nearly as much as these TikTokers? Richard Colyer, president and creator of Metaphor, Inc, had his own view on this issue. “It sounds great to make money for doing the latest dance moves in a 15-second video, but we should feed the minds of kids and not just their bank accounts. TikTok can be great if used properly. Money alone is not good, technology alone is not good and connectedness can be bad if it’s only online.” Again, as a fellow consumer of TikTok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’ m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous of a 15-second video teach young people? 1.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. Social networking. B. Making money on social media. C. A job offered by TikTok. D. Staying connected to the Internet. 2.What do the numbers given in Paragraph 2 show? A. TikTokers are earning money easily. B. All TikTokers are richer than average people. C. Most TikTokers can become millionaires overnight. D. TikTokers earn much more than ordinary workers. 3.Which is the possible influence of TikTok on its young users? A. They tend to live an adult life too soon. B. They are forced to pay for certain services. C. They may quit other social media. D. They are likely to develop false value. 4.What can we infer from Richard Colyer’s comments? A. TikTok can be a positive influence if teens employ it wisely. B. Young TikTokers should be banned from making money. C. It is better to involve education on investment in TikTok videos. D. Contents of videos need checking before their release online. 5.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Say No to Tik Tok B. Join Young TikTokers C. TikTok - A Mine of Money D. A Job Vs An Entertainment 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. D　4. A　5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。本文阐述了社交媒体从单纯的社交软件变为赚钱工具的现象，并呼吁青少年用户群体正确使用社交媒体和树立正确的价值观。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据指代关系和第一段的“These social media platforms have transformed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic (机会主义) innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities. (这些社交媒体平台已经从一种保持联系的方式转变为一个连孩子都可以从他们的帖子中赚钱的行业。虽然这看起来像是另一个机会主义的创新，但它实际上充满了隐藏的虚假现实。)”可知，this指代上文中“even kids can make money off their posts”这一现象，即“在社交媒体上赚钱”。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“TikTokers can make anywhere from 150,000 for a TikTok brand partnership, and TikTokers with over a million followers can make up to 360,000 a year. They are making more than the average person trying to feed their family and keep a roof over their heads, simply by posting a 15-second video. (TikTok品牌合作伙伴关系的TikTok用户可以赚取5万至15万美元的收入，拥有100多万粉丝的TikTok用户每月可以赚取3万美元，即每年36万美元。他们仅仅通过发布一段15秒的视频，就赚了比普通人更多的钱来养家糊口。)”可推知，TikToker很容易赚钱。故选A项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of TikTok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered traditionally attractive. (13至17岁的青少年占TikTok观众的27%，他们很容易受到所观看内容的影响。他们会把一种错误的自我价值感放在他们所崇拜的人和他们所代表的东西上：金钱、名誉、传统上被认为有吸引力。)”可知，孩子们很容易被观看的内容影响，他们可能会建立错误的自我价值观念，追求传统意义上更加吸引人的金钱和名誉，即年轻的用户可能会树立不正确的价值观。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段Richard Colyer的话“TikTok can be great if used properly. (如果使用恰当的话，TikTok可能会是很棒的。)”可推知，在Richard Colyer看来，如果使用恰当的话，TikTok可能会对青少年有好的影响。故选A项。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文并结合最后一段“Again, as a fellow consumer of TikTok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’ m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous of a 15-second video teach young people? (而且，作为它的消费者，当我有时间消磨，需要大笑的时候，我的确喜欢这个软件。我并不反对某人靠娱乐谋生，但是一个15秒的视频教会了年轻人什么呢？)”可知，本文是观点对峙类议论文。文章主要阐述了社交媒体从单纯的社交软件变为赚钱工具的现象，并且很多用户的收入远高于普通人。作者认为抖音应被当作娱乐方式，而不是人们赚钱的工具，因为短短的15秒视频并不能教给青少年太多有价值的东西。因此推断D项A Job Vs An Entertainment (工作还是娱乐) 可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D项。 主题语境02 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高二上·云南景东彝族自治县第一中学·期中）Pride is often considered a negative force in human existence — the opposite of humility and a source of social conflicts. But is it? According to psychologist Jessica Tracy, pride can have many boons. She argues that pride, like other human emotions, is part of our evolutionary heritage, helping us to survive and thrive in cooperative societies by inspiring us to be the best human we can be. Pride makes us feel good, and it’s an indication to ourselves that we are behaving in a way consistent with the values of our society. Tracy argues that those who regularly experience pride tend to be “outgoing, friendly, agreeable, calm and honest”, and “are generally communally oriented, meaning they place a high value on their relationships and friendships”. In this way, having pride makes people want to gain approval and respect from their communities. But that doesn’t mean that pride is all for the good. It has a dark side, too, when it leads to hubris. Hubris is pride that has been falsely assumed without merit in order to drive away an inner sense of insecurity. If individuals exaggerate their importance, take credit for others’ achievements, bully others, or act aggressively toward anyone who questions them, it’s a sign that pride has turned to hubris. Moreover, people having hubris are more likely to be prejudiced and less likely to show empathy. Can authentic pride lead to hubris? It depends, says Tracy. If you feel authentic pride and it inspires you to do good by your community’s standards, great. But if you start feeling the need to live up to others’ expectations and earn their admiration by cheating, chalices are you are leaning toward hubris. To avoid pride slipping toward hubris, Tracy warns people not to lose their heads over the positive regard they receive for their accomplishments. “When we start to receive the gains — be they increased status, fame, or fortune — it becomes exceedingly easy to forget that these outcomes are indirect consequences of striving to be a good person,” says Tracy. “We should always remind ourselves that these accomplishments are not our primary goals.” 1.What does the underlined word “boons” in paragraph 1 mean? A. benefits. B. limitations. C. forms. D. controversies. 2.Why can pride help people develop good moral characters? A. Pride can encourage people to work harder. B. Pride can make people value social recognition. C. Pride can give people a sense of responsibility. D. Pride can help people better control their emotions. 3.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A. To offer a solution to hubris. B. To describe specific behavior of hubris. C. To explain the motivation behind hubris. D. To stress the terrible consequences of hubris. 4.Which of the following can make authentic pride turn into hubris? A. Trying to win other people’s admiration. B. Lowering expectations for achievements. C. Failing to receive the well-deserved rewards. D. Regarding external rewards as the ultimate pursuit. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. B　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了自豪感的积极和消极影响，心理学家Jessica Tracy认为自豪感有其益处，但过度则会导致傲慢，并给出了避免自豪感滑向傲慢的建议。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“According to psychologist Jessica Tracy, pride can have many boons. She argues that pride, like other human emotions, is part of our evolutionary heritage, helping us to survive and thrive in cooperative societies by inspiring us to be the best human we can be. (心理学家Jessica Tracy认为，自豪感能带来许多boons。她认为，自豪感和其他人类情感一样，是我们进化遗产的一部分，它激励我们成为最好的人，从而帮助我们在合作社会中生存和发展。)”可知，自豪感激励我们成为最好的人，有助于我们在社会中生存和发展，由此可推知，自豪感能带来许多益处，故划线词boons意思为“益处”，与benefits同义。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段“Pride makes us feel good, and it’s an indication to ourselves that we are behaving in a way consistent with the values of our society. Tracy argues that those who regularly experience pride tend to be “outgoing, friendly, agreeable, calm and honest”, and “are generally communally oriented, meaning they place a high value on their relationships and friendships”. In this way, having pride makes people want to gain approval and respect from their communities. (自豪感让我们感觉良好，这是我们行为符合社会价值观的一种表现。Tracy认为，那些经常感到自豪的人往往“外向、友好、和蔼、冷静和诚实”，并且“通常以社区为导向，这意味着他们非常重视自己的关系和友谊”。这样，拥有自豪感会让人们想要获得社区的认可和尊重。)”可知，自豪感能让我们行为符合社会价值观，让我们重视关系和友谊，从而想要获得认可和尊重，即自豪感能让我们重视社会认可，从而有助于我们培养良好的道德品质。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Hubris is pride that has been falsely assumed without merit in order to drive away an inner sense of insecurity. If individuals exaggerate their importance, take credit for others’ achievements, bully others, or act aggressively toward anyone who questions them, it’s a sign that pride has turned to hubris. (傲慢是一种没有根据而被错误地假设的自豪感，目的是为了驱除内心的不安全感。如果个人夸大自己的重要性，把别人的成就归功于自己，欺负别人，或者对任何质疑他们的人采取攻击行为，这都是自豪感变成傲慢的迹象。)”可知，第三段主要描述了傲慢的具体行为表现，如夸大自己的重要性、把别人的成就归功于自己、欺负别人、对质疑者采取攻击行为等。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But if you start feeling the need to live up to others’ expectations and earn their admiration by cheating, chalices are you are leaning toward hubris. (但如果你开始觉得有必要达到别人的期望，并通过欺骗来赢得他们的赞赏，那么你很可能正在走向傲慢)”和最后一段“To avoid pride slipping toward hubris, Tracy warns people not to lose their heads over the positive regard they receive for their accomplishments. “When we start to receive the gains — be they increased status, fame, or fortune — it becomes exceedingly easy to forget that these outcomes are indirect consequences of striving to be a good person,” says Tracy. “We should always remind ourselves that these accomplishments are not our primary goals.” (为了避免自豪感滑向傲慢，Tracy警告人们不要因为对成就的积极评价而冲昏头脑。Tracy说：“当我们开始获得收益时——无论是地位的提高、名声还是财富——我们很容易忘记这些结果是努力成为一个好人的间接后果。我们应该时刻提醒自己，这些成就不是我们的主要目标”)”可知，把外部奖励当作最终追求，即为了获得别人的赞赏和外部奖励而努力，可能会导致自豪感变成傲慢。故选D项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（议论文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·云南景东彝族自治县第一中学·期中）In today’s society, social networking sites like WeChat, Tik Tok are an important part of our lives, connecting us with friends, family, and new acquaintances (熟人). However, these platforms are not suitable for children, who are increasingly using them at younger ages due to easier technology availability. Studies show that children on social media often have behavioral problems, becoming more self-centered, anti-social, and aggressive (攻击性的). Their social skills suffer as they prefer texting to face-to-face interactions. Oxford expert Susan Greenfield notes that screen time keeps children from learning real-world communication skills, such as body language and tone of voice, stressing the need to enforce age limits. Privacy risks are another major concern. Children often share too much personal information, unaware of the dangers. A recent incident in Renfrewshire involved a man pretending to be a parent to a girl, likely targeting her through details she posted online. Young children are particularly vulnerable due to their simple- mindedness and inability to understand the outcomes of their actions, making them easy targets for those with bad intentions. The “touch generation” is introduced to technology early, with smartphones and tablets becoming common among young children. Cyberbullying (网络欺凌) is widespread, following children home unlike traditional bullying. The Cyberbullying Research Centre reports that about half of young people experience cyberbullying, with 10% — 20% regularly affected. This problem has left many young lives shadowed by lasting anxiety and deep emotional wounds that can follow them well into adulthood. While safe, monitored sites like Club Penguin exist, allowing children to explore social media in a protected environment, no site can ensure complete safety. Children should wait until they are old enough to deal with possible issues. In conclusion, social networking sites, though beneficial for adults, bring mental, emotional, and physical risks to children, who should be allowed to enjoy their childhood without the pressures and dangers of social media. 1.What is Susan Greenfield’s view on children who use social media? A. They have difculty in reasoning. B. They always think about themselves. C. They behave rudely towards others. D. They lack real-world communication skills. 2.What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Fully aware. B. Easily hurt. C. Rapidly developing. D. Regularly changing. 3.What can be learned from paragraph 4? A. Cyberbullying affects many young people. B. Early technology use leads to poor social skills. C. Smartphones have become a necessity for students. D. Children should be prevented from electronic devices. 4.What does the text focus on? A. The methods of surfing the Internet wisely. B. The popularity of using smartphones among students. C. The seriousness of cyberbullying on social networking sites. D. The disadvantages of children using social networking sites. 主题语境02 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高二上·云南新纪元云贵发展中心·期中）A single-minded, tireless drive — that’s what it takes to be successful. Be “all in”. Burn the boats behind us. That message is rooted in our society, from self-help books to social media influencers all telling us that we need to commit more. The world continually sends the signal to narrowly define your goals. In my senior year, I became the fastest high-school miler in the country when I ran a 4:01 mile. When my progress as a runner reached a bottleneck, my sports psychologist told me a story about a world-class runner who had become stuck while struggling to make the transition from success in college to Olympic-level performance. “What helped her break through?” I asked. “Knitting (编织).” he replied. She had taken up knitting to relax and to take her mind off running. I was too young and stubborn to follow the advice. I pushed myself harder—but never ran faster than my high-school record or broke a 4-minute mile. In the years since, working as a coach with top-class performers, I kept noticing that their single-minded focus was getting in their way. Their focus on achieving specific goals had become a constant, disabling signal that they were not measuring up. This single-minded approach was backfiring. Research backs this up. Researchers at Michigan State University looked at over 100 years of Nobel Prize-winning scientists and found they were more likely than their less-accomplished peers to have creative interests outside of their research. The prize-winners were 22 times more likely to perform, sing or act as a hobby; 12 times more likely to pursue creative writing; and about 7 times more likely to participate in a craft like sculpting. To be sure: The more we care, and the more our job or pursuit feels like a part of who we are, the harder we’ll work. That’s helpful to a certain point. But such narrowing comes with a shortcoming. As we get rid of other parts of ourselves, and that one activity becomes an ever bigger presence, fear starts to take over. We don’t just want to succeed. We have to. When outcomes are all that matter, our immediate response isn’t to become a fighter. It’s to retreat (退缩). So, the secret is to go in a different direction. When the world screams to go narrow, top-class performers learn to go broad. 1.How did the author respond after hearing the story of the world-class runner? A. He trained with greater effort. B. He adjusted his training methods. C. He took some time off from running. D. He adopted knitting as a stress-reliever. 2.What do we know about Nobel Prize-winning scientists in the research? A. They spent more time on research than others. B. They avoided entertainments to maintain focus. C. Their diverse hobbies contributed to their achievements. D. Their research covers a wider range of fields than their peers. 3.What does the author think of the single-minded approach? A. It is unavoidable. B. It is unacceptable. C. It is recommendable. D. It is effective. 4.Which of the following might be a suitable title for the text? A. Why “All in” Is No Recipe for Success. B. Breaking Through Fear in Competitive Fields. C. Why Hobbies Outweigh Professional Training. D. Narrowing Down Your Focus to Achieve More. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （高二上·云南昆明东川区高中学·期中）Do you make money by doing small jobs? If you do, you may have heard of the idea of spending only some of it, saving some of it and donating some to people who need it more. The head of Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg, and his wife announced they were giving away 99% of their money from Facebook during their lives to help others! That alone is amazing considering most people donate about 3% to 5% of the money they have. It is even more amazing when you realize they’re donating about 45, 000, 000, 000!!!! Don’t worry. They’ll still have about $455 million to live on! They made this decision partly because they had a baby girl, Max, and thought about what kind of world they’d like her to grow up in. It must be an amazing feeling to have that kind of money spent on people in need. Mark Zuckerberg is one of the richest persons in the world, so most of us will never know what that would be like. But we don’t have to be super wealthy to make meaningful change. Sometimes change can come from change! Ten-year-old Joey Roth from America started saving up change he found anywhere--around his house, on the street, on his way to school…And then he started putting it in a jar. He even asked the tooth fairy to donate some change in his letter to her after he lost a tooth! (The tooth fairy is an imaginary person.) His collection, Jar for Change, has grown into a community-wide effort and he has raised over $10, 000 all from people dropping coins into jars! The money he raises goes to help connect parents with their very sick babies. See what these people have done? You, too, can help others—no matter how old you are, where you live and how much you earn! 1.How much would most people donate if they had 20, 000 yuan? A. 60-100 yuan. B. 300-500 yuan. C. 600-1000 yuan. D. 30-50 yuan. 2.Mark Zuckerberg and his wife decided to make such a donation partly because of ________. A. Joey Roth B. their childhood C. their education D. their daughter 3.What does the underlined word “that” in the third paragraph refer to? A. Making money. B. Giving away $45 billion to help others. C. Being the richest person in the world. D. Spending money unwisely. 4.What does the author intend to tell us by mentioning Joey Roth’s story? A. Everyone can make a difference. B. Giving makes people happy. C. Pocket money can be helpful. D. Giving is better than receiving. 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高二上·云南玉溪第一中学·期中）If someone asked whether you like the arts, you’d probably say you do at least in theory. According to a survey, more than two-thirds of U.S. adults say the arts “lift me up beyond everyday experiences”. However, only 30 percent attended a concert of any type in 2017; 23 percent went to an art museum. Fewer than half actively created art of any kind. The mismatch can boil down to the fact that we are weighed down by our day-to-day responsibilities, leaving our schedule packed. Maybe you like to play a little background music while you work or do the chores, but even before the pandemic, most of us rarely, if ever, saw a live performance, let alone visited a gallery or watched a play. Too often, we let the dull reality of life get in the way of the arts. But this is a mistake. The arts are the opposite of an escape from reality; they might just be the most realistic glimpse we ever get into the nature and meaning of life. If you make time for consuming and producing the arts the same way you make time for work and exercise and family commitments, I assure you that you’ll find your life getting fuller and happier. Think of a time when you heard a piece of music and wanted to cry. Or maybe your dizziness struck as you came out from a narrow side street in an unfamiliar city. There you found yourself in a beautiful town square as if in a fantasy. They probably stimulated (刺激) a sudden awakening, much like the shock from a lungful of pure oxygen after breathing in smoggy air. If you are among the people who feel that the arts are pure pleasures to experience and participate in, you might see them as a luxury item, while a preferable attitude is to treat the arts less like a distracting pleasure, and more like exercise or sleep, a necessity. Then draw up a schedule of your art exposure journey, and gradually weave the arts into your everyday life. 1.What prevents people from enjoying the arts? A. Lack of interest. B. Avoidance of duty. C. Shortage of time. D. Art space inaccessibility. 2.What can we learn about the role of the arts according to paragraph 3? A. They explore mysteries of life. B. They spark emotional responses. C. They enhance physical well-being. D. They offer a getaway from daily life. 3.According to the passage, which of the following statements about “the arts” is true? A. Most people consider the arts as a form of escape from reality. B. The arts can directly provide practical solutions to daily life problems. C. The author suggests that the arts should be treated as a necessity of life. D. The main barrier to participating in the arts is the lack of accessible places. 4.What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph? A. Forms of distracting pleasures. B. Benefits of engaging with the arts. C. Barriers to combine the arts and life. D. Ways to integrate the arts into daily routine. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·云南市红塔区玉溪师范学院附属中学·期中）Social media is taking over our lives: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and now, TikTok (抖音). These social media platforms have transformed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic (机会主义) innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities. The median income (中位收入) recorded in the United States of America was about 50,000 to 30,000 a month - $360,000 a year. They are making more than the average person trying to feed their family and keep a roof over their heads, simply by posting a 15-second video. This is mad in more ways than one. Not only is it an overpaid “job”, it promotes unworthy admiration from viewers and a false sense of reality. Many of these famous TikTokers are still teens, and the effects of fame at such an early stage in life might cause issues later in life, such as mental illness. Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of TikTok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered traditionally attractive. While TikTok has become a great tool for marketing, it’s important to understand how this content affects young viewers. If we’re constantly consuming content that shows us all we need to do to be successful is be traditionally attractive and post a 15-second video featuring a new dance, it will challenge our knowledge of what really makes someone successful and will in turn affect our individual work ethics (伦理). What about the people who miss birthday and family holidays due to their jobs and aren’t getting paid nearly as much as these TikTokers? Richard Colyer, president and creator of Metaphor, Inc, had his own view on this issue. “It sounds great to make money for doing the latest dance moves in a 15-second video, but we should feed the minds of kids and not just their bank accounts. TikTok can be great if used properly. Money alone is not good, technology alone is not good and connectedness can be bad if it’s only online.” Again, as a fellow consumer of TikTok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’ m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous of a 15-second video teach young people? 1.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. Social networking. B. Making money on social media. C. A job offered by TikTok. D. Staying connected to the Internet. 2.What do the numbers given in Paragraph 2 show? A. TikTokers are earning money easily. B. All TikTokers are richer than average people. C. Most TikTokers can become millionaires overnight. D. TikTokers earn much more than ordinary workers. 3.Which is the possible influence of TikTok on its young users? A. They tend to live an adult life too soon. B. They are forced to pay for certain services. C. They may quit other social media. D. They are likely to develop false value. 4.What can we infer from Richard Colyer’s comments? A. TikTok can be a positive influence if teens employ it wisely. B. Young TikTokers should be banned from making money. C. It is better to involve education on investment in TikTok videos. D. Contents of videos need checking before their release online. 5.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Say No to Tik Tok B. Join Young TikTokers C. TikTok - A Mine of Money D. A Job Vs An Entertainment 主题语境02 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高二上·云南景东彝族自治县第一中学·期中）Pride is often considered a negative force in human existence — the opposite of humility and a source of social conflicts. But is it? According to psychologist Jessica Tracy, pride can have many boons. She argues that pride, like other human emotions, is part of our evolutionary heritage, helping us to survive and thrive in cooperative societies by inspiring us to be the best human we can be. Pride makes us feel good, and it’s an indication to ourselves that we are behaving in a way consistent with the values of our society. Tracy argues that those who regularly experience pride tend to be “outgoing, friendly, agreeable, calm and honest”, and “are generally communally oriented, meaning they place a high value on their relationships and friendships”. In this way, having pride makes people want to gain approval and respect from their communities. But that doesn’t mean that pride is all for the good. It has a dark side, too, when it leads to hubris. Hubris is pride that has been falsely assumed without merit in order to drive away an inner sense of insecurity. If individuals exaggerate their importance, take credit for others’ achievements, bully others, or act aggressively toward anyone who questions them, it’s a sign that pride has turned to hubris. Moreover, people having hubris are more likely to be prejudiced and less likely to show empathy. Can authentic pride lead to hubris? It depends, says Tracy. If you feel authentic pride and it inspires you to do good by your community’s standards, great. But if you start feeling the need to live up to others’ expectations and earn their admiration by cheating, chalices are you are leaning toward hubris. To avoid pride slipping toward hubris, Tracy warns people not to lose their heads over the positive regard they receive for their accomplishments. “When we start to receive the gains — be they increased status, fame, or fortune — it becomes exceedingly easy to forget that these outcomes are indirect consequences of striving to be a good person,” says Tracy. “We should always remind ourselves that these accomplishments are not our primary goals.” 1.What does the underlined word “boons” in paragraph 1 mean? A. benefits. B. limitations. C. forms. D. controversies. 2.Why can pride help people develop good moral characters? A. Pride can encourage people to work harder. B. Pride can make people value social recognition. C. Pride can give people a sense of responsibility. D. Pride can help people better control their emotions. 3.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A. To offer a solution to hubris. B. To describe specific behavior of hubris. C. To explain the motivation behind hubris. D. To stress the terrible consequences of hubris. 4.Which of the following can make authentic pride turn into hubris? A. Trying to win other people’s admiration. B. Lowering expectations for achievements. C. Failing to receive the well-deserved rewards. D. Regarding external rewards as the ultimate pursuit. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $