专题02 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，云南专用）高一英语上学期

**基本信息** 聚焦高一上期中说明文阅读，精选云南多校期中真题，涵盖科技（ChatGPT）、社会（手机禁令）、文化（MBTI）等时代性主题，设题梯度分明，考查语言理解与思维能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（说明文）|每篇4题|词义猜测（如“conflicted”）、主旨大意、细节理解（研究结果）、推理判断（作者态度）|素材贴近生活（如加权毯助眠），融入跨文化元素（动物习语），问题设计从基础到高阶，符合期中能力检测需求|

专题02 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南景东彝族自治县第一中学·期中）Last week, the Los Angeles Unified School District became the largest in US to pass a districtwide cellphone ban (禁止). For teachers, this is great news. For many kids, it’s less welcome. Parents, meanwhile, are conflicted, caught between wanting their children to learn with concentration and worried about losing the easy communication to which they’ve grown used. Smartphones undoubtedly hold back students’ attention to exploring the unknown or close reading a Shakespearean poem. A 2023 study by Common Sense Media showed that teens check their phones more than 100 times a day on average. On top of the hundreds of messages lighting up screens and breaking in class lectures, teens now spend 4.8 hours on social media each day. The study also makes it obviously clear that students have difficulty in controlling their smartphone use, which seriously influences their focus and mental (心理上的) health. Yet many parents remain careful of banning phones during the school day. They are afraid that doing so would cut communication between them and their children-not only when they want to organize pickups or drop-offs but also in case of a sudden serious situation. Schools have managed to operate well without smartphones for centuries. For worried parents, providing their children with non-smartphones might be the best choice; schools might consider whether selective (选择性的) phone bans that allow such devices could work. Or parents could get even more old-fashioned and simply call their school’s office when necessary. The next question for schools is how to ban cellphones. A popular choice is requiring the use of magnetic bags that lock in the morning and unlock when the final bell rings, or in case of dangerous situations. When smartphone bans are done right, they can be helpful to both schools and students. At Bethlehem Central High School near Albany, N. Y., for example, students’ grades have improved since applying a ban last fall. Students are more focused on studies. Parents have even said they’re surprised at the success of the newly phone-free school. 1.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “conflicted” in paragraph 1? A. Supported by both. B. Concerned about the future. C. Not knowing what to do. D. Not good at everything. 2.What does the author mainly want to express in paragraph 2? A. Parents should help their teens control screen time. B. Heavy usage of smartphones badly influences students. C. Texting is a main method of communication for teens. D. It’s important for students to learn Shakespeare’s poems. 3.What can schools do for worried parents according to paragraph 4? A. Allow students to carry non-smartphones. B. Provide old-fashioned phones for them. C. Encourage them to visit the school’s office. D. Set up public phone stations at school for teens. 4.Why is Bethlehem Central High School mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To present the school’s teaching achievements. B. To stress the key to improving students’ studies. C. To explain why parents accept smartphone bans. D. To show smartphone bans can make a difference. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍洛杉矶联合学区通过手机禁令引发的各方反应，分析手机对学生的影响、家长的担忧及学校的应对措施，说明合理禁令的积极作用。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Parents, meanwhile, are conflicted, caught between wanting their children to learn with concentration and worried about losing the easy communication to which they’ve grown used.(与此同时，家长们陷入conflicted，一方面希望孩子能专心学习，另一方面又担心失去他们已经习惯的便捷沟通方式。)”可知，家长们处于两种对立需求之间，不知道该如何选择，因此“conflicted”意为“不知道该做什么”。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Smartphones undoubtedly hold back students’ attention to exploring the unknown or close reading a Shakespearean poem.(智能手机无疑阻碍了学生探索未知或仔细阅读莎士比亚诗歌的注意力。)”以及“The study also makes it obviously clear that students have difficulty in controlling their smartphone use, which seriously influences their focus and mental (心理上的) health.(该研究还明确表明，学生难以控制自己使用智能手机的行为，这严重影响了他们的注意力和心理健康。)”可知，第二段主要想表达过度使用智能手机对学生产生了不良影响。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For worried parents, providing their children with non-smartphones might be the best choice; schools might consider whether selective (选择性的) phone bans that allow such devices could work.(对于担忧的家长来说，给孩子配备非智能手机可能是最佳选择；学校或许可以考虑允许携带此类设备的选择性手机禁令是否可行。)”可知，学校可以允许学生携带非智能手机来缓解家长的担忧。故选A项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When smartphone bans are done right, they can be helpful to both schools and students. At Bethlehem Central High School near Albany, N. Y., for example, students’ grades have improved since applying a ban last fall.(当手机禁令实施得当时，对学校和学生都有帮助。例如，在纽约州奥尔巴尼附近的伯利恒中央高中，自去年秋天实施禁令以来，学生的成绩有所提高。)”可知，提及伯利恒中央高中是为了举例说明手机禁令能够产生积极效果。故选D项。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南会泽县实验高中学校·期中）Nowadays, handwriting seems to become less necessary, for young children learn to tap and touch screens before they have even learned to pick up a pencil or tie their shoelaces. Most of our written communication is done through texting on mobile phones or typing on a keyboard. And voice recognition softwares are becoming more and more advanced — making even keyboards unnecessary! So, are handwriting skills important to your child? Actually, handwriting is an exercise in eye-hand coordination (协调), an important part of visual-motor (视觉运动) skills, which are connected with achievements in study. Scientists found that developing fine visual-motor skills in early childhood can lead to not only writing success, but better performance in reading and math in elementary school. It was also found that kids who fail to write neatly and efficiently are often accused of being lazy, and this may affect their behavior and self-worth. Moreover, a study showed that when a group of children were asked to come up with ideas for an article, the ones with better handwriting were more active and had quicker minds. In some ways, handwriting helps their brains’ development. The first attempts at writing can be challenging for pre-school children — whose fine motor skills are not yet fully developed. But some skills to prepare for handwriting are simple to build at home and in preschool. Parents should provide lots of opportunities for kids to copy and draw shapes and simple pictures in early childhood before letters are introduced. Let your child copy your shapes in sand, or with chalks on a board before trying to draw the shapes on their own. Encourage your child to spend less time on electronic devices and more time on activities to improve eye-hand coordination. Let’s face it — technology is certain to continue developing and more research is needed to find the best ways to teach handwriting to young children. But, there’s plenty of evidence that the handwriting practice can provide young children with a good start in developing skills needed for a healthy and successful journey in school. 1.According to Paragraph 1, handwriting is . A. easy to learn on a touch screen B. used less frequently now C. more difficult than typewriting D. totally replaced by softwares 2.How does the author explain the benefits of handwriting? A. By presenting some research findings. B. By mentioning examples of the kids around him. C. By giving some news reports on hand-writing. D. By providing data about pupils with good grades. 3.What does the author suggest parents do? A. Keep young children away from electronic devices. B. Teach pre-school children to write letters with chalks. C. Help children get ready for handwriting before school. D. Encourage children to face writing challenges bravely. 4.What can be the best title for the text? A. Does poor handwriting really mean being lazy? B. Should handwriting be taken seriously in children’s growth? C. How can handwriting affect children’s self-confidence? D. Should homework be done through handwriting or typewriting? 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现在书写不被重视的状况以及书写在孩子成长过程中是否应该被重视的问题以及针对家长的建议等。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一、二句话“Nowadays, handwriting seems to become less necessary, for young children learn to tap and touch screens before they have even learned to pick up a pencil or tie their shoelaces. Most of our written communication is done through texting on mobile phones or typing on a keyboard. (如今，手写似乎变得不那么必要了，因为年幼的孩子甚至在学会拿起铅笔或系鞋带之前就已经学会了敲击和触摸屏幕。我们的大部分书面交流都是通过手机短信或键盘打字完成的。) ”可推知，随着高科技的发展，书写在交流中被使用得越来越少。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段第三、四、五句话“Scientists found that developing fine visual-motor skills in early childhood can lead to not only writing success, but better performance in reading and math in elementary school. It was also found that kids who fail to write neatly and efficiently are often accused of being lazy, and this may affect their behavior and self-worth. Moreover, a study showed that when a group of children were asked to come up with ideas for an article, the ones with better handwriting were more active and had quicker minds. (科学家们发现，在幼儿期发展良好的视觉运动技能不仅可以导致写作成功，还可以在小学提高阅读和数学成绩。研究还发现，书写不整洁、效率不高的孩子经常被指责懒惰，这可能会影响他们的行为和自我价值。此外，一项研究表明，当一组孩子被要求为一篇文章想出点子时，那些书写更好的孩子更活跃，思维也更快。)”可推知，作者用很多研究的结果表明书写的好处。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句话“But some skills to prepare for handwriting are simple to build at home and in preschool. (但是，在家里和幼儿园里，准备书写的一些技能很容易培养。)”可知，作者建议父母应该帮助孩子们在上学前就形成准备写字的一些技能。故选C。 (4)题解析： 标题判断题。根据文章第一段第一、二句话“Nowadays, handwriting seems to become less necessary, for young children learn to tap and touch screens before they have even learned to pick up a pencil or tie their shoelaces. Most of our written communication is done through texting on mobile phones or typing on a keyboard. (如今，手写似乎变得不那么必要了，因为年幼的孩子甚至在学会拿起铅笔或系鞋带之前就已经学会了敲击和触摸屏幕。我们的大部分书面交流都是通过手机短信或键盘打字完成的。) ”作者先是提出了书写被用的越来越少的这一现象；根据第二段第三、四、五句话“Scientists found that developing fine visual-motor skills in early childhood can lead to not only writing success, but better performance in reading and math in elementary school. It was also found that kids who fail to write neatly and efficiently are often accused of being lazy, and this may affect their behavior and self-worth. Moreover, a study showed that when a group of children were asked to come up with ideas for an article, the ones with better handwriting were more active and had quicker minds. (科学家们发现，在幼儿期发展良好的视觉运动技能不仅可以导致写作成功，还可以在小学提高阅读和数学成绩。研究还发现，书写不整洁、效率不高的孩子经常被指责懒惰，这可能会影响他们的行为和自我价值。此外，一项研究表明，当一组孩子被要求为一篇文章想出点子时，那些书写更好的孩子更活跃，思维也更快。)”可知作者用科学研究的结果表明书写的收益多多；根据第三段 “Parents should provide lots of opportunities for kids to copy and draw shapes and simple pictures in early childhood before letters are introduced. Let your child copy your shapes in sand, or with chalks on a board before trying to draw the shapes on their own. Encourage your child to spend less time on electronic devices and more time on activities to improve eye-hand coordination. (家长应在孩子幼年时期、接触字母之前，提供大量机会让他们模仿和绘制图形及简单图画。可以先让孩子在沙地上或用粉笔在黑板上模仿你画的图形，之后再尝试自己绘制这些图形。鼓励孩子少花时间在电子设备上，多参与能提升眼手协调能力的活动。) ”可知作者对家长们提出建议，鼓励孩子们多书写；再结合最后一段“But, there’s plenty of evidence that the handwriting practice can provide young children with a good start in developing skills needed for a healthy and successful journey in school. (但是，有充分的证据表明，手写练习可以为幼儿提供一个良好的开端，帮助他们发展在学校健康和成功旅程中所需的技能。)”可知，文章主要讨论了在孩子成长过程中是否应该重视手写技能的问题，所以B“Should handwriting be taken seriously in children’s growth? (在孩子的成长过程中，应该认真对待书写吗？) ”符合本文大意，适合做标题。故选B。 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高一上·云南昆明官渡区第一中学·期中）ChatGPT has quickly become popular around the world because of its advanced conversational abilities. It can answer questions, do translations, give the main idea of articles and even write codes (代码) for a computer program. It is as good as a human inside a computer. ChatGPT is making life very convenient. A time might come when people hand it some articles and it makes a well-made report. That could, however, mean job losses. After all, if a computer program can write codes, then it would make a programmer lose his job. That may be a worry, but it is still too early to worry about that. ChatGPT has more advanced learning features, but it still follows the same technological way. Its biggest advantage lies in the ability to turn words into a language from an ocean of data, but it's still not that creative. AI can quickly draw a picture, but that picture will be based on pictures that it has seen. It can also write books about the future, but the books will be based on articles about the future that it has read. In comparison, a human brain imagines the future and then tries hard to realize it. AI can imagine a future with faster spaceships, but it can't imagine a world of space as humans can. So there is no need to worry too much. By being creative there will be plenty of chances for humans to win over AI. 1.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. The world. B. ChatGPT. C. A computer. D. A program. 2.How is the fourth paragraph developed? A. By telling stories. B. By giving examples. C. By listing numbers. D. By making comparisons. 3.Which is the biggest advantage of ChatGPT according to the passage? A. It has its own creativity. B. It has conversational abilities. C. It has more advanced learning features. D. It has the ability to turn words into a language. 4.In which part can you find the passage in a newspaper? A. Sports. B. Science. C. Education. D. Business. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过对人工智能和人类创造力的对比，介绍了人类无需过于担心AI威胁的原因。 (1)题解析： 词义猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“ChatGPT has quickly become popular around the world because of its advanced conversational abilities.(由于其先进的会话能力，ChatGPT迅速在世界范围内流行起来。)”以及划线单词后的“can answer questions, do translations, give the main idea of articles and even write codes(代码) for a computer program.(可以回答问题，做翻译，给出文章的主旨，甚至为计算机程序编写代码。)”可推测，划线单词“it”指的是上文提到的ChatGPT。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In comparison, a human brain imagines the future and then tries hard to realize it. AI can imagine a future with faster spaceships, but it can't imagine a world of space as humans can.(相比之下，人类的大脑想象未来，然后努力实现它。人工智能可以想象一个拥有更快的宇宙飞船的未来，但它无法像人类那样想象一个太空世界。)”可知，在第四段中，作者通过比较人类的大脑想象和人工智能的想象展开第四段内容。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Its biggest advantage lies in the ability to turn words into a language from an ocean of data, but it's still not that creative.(它最大的优势在于能够将海量数据转化为一种语言，但它仍然不够有创造力。)”可知，ChatGPT最大的优点是能够将海量数据转化为一种语言。故选D。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“ChatGPT has quickly become popular around the world because of its advanced conversational abilities. It can answer questions, do translations, give the main idea of articles and even write codes(代码) for a computer program. It is as good as a human inside a computer(由于其先进的会话能力，ChatGPT迅速在世界范围内流行起来。它可以回答问题，做翻译，给出文章的主旨，甚至为计算机程序编写代码。它就像电脑里的人一样好。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍的是人工智能和人类创造力之间的比较，因此这篇文章可能出现在科学栏目。故选B。 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南景东彝族自治县第一中学·期中）When you have trouble sleeping, you might try different things to help. One unique but effective option that’s gaining popularity is using weighted blankets (毯子). This can help you relax. It’s a simple way to reduce anxiety and sleep better, and many people are finding it. About 32% of Americans don’t get the recommended amount of sleep, which is at least 7 hours a night, according to experts. Sleep troubles affect as many as 35% of adults occasionally, with 10% facing chronic (长期的) challenges in falling and staying asleep. Weighted blankets function similarly to swaddling (包裹) a baby, providing a comforting feeling. Using a weighted blanket helps your heart, your breath and your body give off feel-good hormones (激素). This, in turn, reduces anxiety and contributes to a more peaceful sleep. The weight of these blankets ranges from 5 to 30 pounds, which sounds like a lot but is spread out over the entire bed, making it manageable and comfortable. In 2020, eight studies found that weighted blankets had a calming effect on individuals. That same year, a study in Sweden surveyed 120 people who were struggling with sleeplessness and sadness. Those who used weighted blankets reported better sleep quality and less daytime tiredness, anxiety and sadness. Sleep experts suggest using these blankets to achieve better sleep. Alanna McGinn, a lead sleep expert, highlights their effectiveness in addressing sleep-related issues. However, those with specific medical conditions, particularly blood disorders, should seek guidance from a healthcare provider before using a weighted blanket. “And if you’re someone who gets a little claustrophobic (患幽闭恐怖症的), it’s probably not the best thing for you,” adds Alanna McGinn. These blankets may not be suitable for you as the added weight can increase discomfort. In a word, try a weighted blanket — science says its gentle hug can unlock deeper sleep and brighter days. 1.What is the benefit of using a weighted blanket according to the text? A. It helps you lose weight. B. It makes your bed warmer. C. It helps people with blood disorders. D. It reduces anxiety and improves sleep. 2.How heavy can weighted blankets be? A. 1 to 5 pounds. B. 5 to 30 pounds. C. 30 to 50 pounds. D. Over 30 pounds. 3.What did the study in Sweden show about people using weighted blankets? A. They felt more awake at night. B. They had more dreams. C. They reported better sleep. D. They stopped using other sleep aids. 4.Who should be careful or avoid using weighted blankets? A. People who sleep alone. B. People who sleep too much. C. People who like light blankets. D. People with certain medical conditions. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍重压毯可缓解焦虑、改善睡眠的功效，及相关研究与使用注意事项。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It’s a simple way to reduce anxiety and sleep better, and many people are finding it. (这是一种缓解焦虑、改善睡眠的简单方法，很多人都发现了它的效果)”以及第三段中的“Using a weighted blanket helps your heart, your breath and your body give off feel-good hormones (激素). This, in turn, reduces anxiety and contributes to a more peaceful sleep.(使用重压毯有助于你的心脏、呼吸和身体释放让人感觉愉悦的激素。这反过来又能缓解焦虑，有助于获得更安稳的睡眠)”可知，使用重压毯的好处是缓解焦虑、改善睡眠。故选D项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The weight of these blankets ranges from 5 to 30 pounds, which sounds like a lot but is spread out over the entire bed, making it manageable and comfortable.(这些毯子的重量从5磅到30磅不等，听起来很多，但分布在整个床上，使得它易于承受且舒适)”可知，重压毯的重量范围是5到30磅。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“That same year, a study in Sweden surveyed 120 people who were struggling with sleeplessness and sadness. Those who used weighted blankets reported better sleep quality and less daytime tiredness, anxiety and sadness.(同年，瑞典的一项研究调查了120名饱受失眠和悲伤困扰的人。那些使用重压毯的人报告说睡眠质量更好，白天疲倦感、焦虑和悲伤情绪也有所减轻)”可知，瑞典的这项研究显示使用重压毯的人睡眠质量更好。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“However, those with specific medical conditions, particularly blood disorders, should seek guidance from a healthcare provider before using a weighted blanket. “And if you’re someone who gets a little claustrophobic (患幽闭恐怖症的), it’s probably not the best thing for you,” adds Alanna McGinn.(然而，那些有特定疾病的人，尤其是血液疾病患者，在使用重压毯前应咨询医疗服务提供者。阿兰娜・麦金补充道：“如果你有点幽闭恐惧症，这可能不适合你。”)”可知，有特定疾病的人应谨慎或避免使用重压毯。故选D项。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南石屏县第一中学·期中）Good morning, everyone! Take a moment to look around. I know that sometimes, the learning journey can feel stressed. Today, I want to share a simple blueprint to help you not just live, but live truly well. First, let’s talk about attitude — and the power of one small word, “yet.” Your mindset (心态) shapes everything. Ever say, “I’m not good at math,” or “I can’t understand English.” I challenge you to add one word, “yet.” “I’m not good at math yet.” That word “yet” turns a dead end into a path of growth. It means your abilities aren’t fixed — they can grow with effort and strategy. See challenges as opportunities to grow stronger. Second, your method matters: be active, not passive. Your brain needs to understand information to keep it. Instead of just rereading, try this: after a chapter, close the book and write down what you remember. This is called “retrieval practice,” and it’s far more effective. Also, connect new knowledge to what you already know — build a web of understanding, not just a list of facts. Finally, a key skill: how to improve your listening. Many of you find listening challenging, especially in English. Here’s a practical three-step method: A1. Start with the gist: Don’t try to catch every word. First, listen for the main idea. What’s the topic? What’s the overall message? A2. Focus on keywords: Listen again, this time picking out keywords — names, dates, verbs. These are the key points of meaning. A3. Listen actively with the transcript: If you have a transcript, listen a third time while reading. Notice how the words form full sentences. This bridges sound and structure. Remember, improvement is a journey, not a destination. Cultivate a growth mindset, use active learning strategies, and practice again and again. You have the power to shape your own intelligence (才智). Now, time to go showing the world what you’re made of. Thank you for your attention! 1.What does the underlined word “blueprint” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. A final plan that cannot be changed. B. A drawing of a building’s structure. C. A list of materials needed for a task. D. A detailed guide or set of instructions. 2.What is the main purpose of adding the word “yet” to a statement, according to the speech? A. To signal that you will give up a difficult task. B. To indicate that a skill is not important to learn. C. To transform a fixed mindset into a growth mindset. D. To sound more polite when admitting a weakness. 3.What is the recommended (被推荐的) FIRST step when trying to improve listening skills? A. Listen for the general main idea. B. Read the transcript while listening. C. Try to understand every single word. D. Listen for specific keywords and verbs. 4.Which of the following best describes the overall tone (总体语气) of this speech? A. Strict and Critical. B. Encouraging and practical. C. Formal and objective. D. Humorous and amazing. 【答案】1. D　2. C　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。演讲分享了活出精彩的三大指南：用“yet”培养成长型心态，通过主动检索和知识联结学习，按“听主旨——抓关键词——结合文本”提升英语听力。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“to help you not just live, but live truly well(帮助你们不仅能够生存，而且能够真正地过得很好)”可知，演讲者提到“blueprint”是为了帮助大家 “真正活得好”，后续又分点给出心态、学习方法、听力提升的具体建议。故划线词指的是“一份详细的指南或一系列说明”。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“That word “yet” turns a dead end into a path of growth. It means your abilities aren’t fixed — they can grow with effort and strategy.(“yet”这个词能将一条死胡同转变为一条通往成长的道路。它意味着你的能力并非一成不变，而是可以通过努力和策略得以提升的)”可知，根据这位演讲者的观点，在一个陈述中加入“yet”这个词的主要目的是将固定思维模式转变为成长思维模式。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第五段“A1. Start with the gist: Don’t try to catch every word. First, listen for the main idea.(A1.先抓住要点：不要试图记住每一个字。首先，要听清主要意思)”可知，当试图提高听力技能时，首先应该采取的推荐步骤是听取主要的大意。故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Cultivate a growth mindset, use active learning strategies, and practice again and again. You have the power to shape your own intelligence (才智).(培养一种成长型思维模式，采用积极的学习策略，并不断反复练习。你有能力塑造自己的才智)”以及演讲中多次鼓励听众，同时提供具体可操作的方法（如检索练习、听力三步法），可知，这段演讲的整体语气是令人鼓舞且实用。故选B。 Passage 3 （25-26高一上·云南宣威第三中学·期中）English is full of funny expressions that don’t always make sense. Idioms are phrases and sentences that do not mean exactly what they say. Even if you know the meaning of each word, you may not understand the idiom because you don’t understand the culture behind it. Here are some English idioms based on animals. When children jump around and act silly, their parents may tell them to stop “monkeying around”.To “monkey around” means to do things that are not useful or serious, or to simply waste time. Many American families have and love pet dogs. But for some unknown reason, Americans use “dog” in a phrase that means to feel unwell. If you are “as sick as a dog”, you’re really, really sick. Sometimes you may also hear cats mentioned in conversations, “I told you to keep that secret, but you have just ‘let the cat out of the bag’!” You probably guessed it — that idiom means to reveal a secret or tell facts that were previously unknown. Dogs and cats don’t always get along, but they appear side by side in a commonly used idiom. When it rains heavily, people might say it’s “raining cats and dogs”． Heavy rain often ruins people’s plans for outdoor activities. But on a lovely day, you can have a picnic. If a swarm (一群) of tiny bugs love your food and start to hover (盘旋) around you, it would be really annoying. That experience perfectly explains why people often tell someone who keeps bothering them to “stop bugging me”． Idioms are very common in both spoken and written English. If you want to have a better understanding of English, you have to learn idioms. 1.According to Paragraph 1, which is right about idioms? A. Expressions which are based on animals. B. Expressions with rich cultural background. C. Expressions that always make sense. D. Expressions which are easy to understand. 2.What can “monkeying around” be used to describe? A. Children jump around and waste time. B. Children do something useful and serious. C. Children play with monkeys with their parents. D. Children spend time playing with their family pets. 3.What can be learned from the text? A. Dogs and cats always get along nicely. B. Bugs can be used to show your annoyance. C. Americans believe cats can give away secrets. D. Americans use the idiom “as sick as a dog” to describe a healthy man. 4.How does the text mainly develop? A. By sharing experiences. B. By making comparisons. C. By giving examples. D. By listing figures. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了英语习语的特点并列举了一些与动物相关的习语。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Even if you know the meaning of each word, you may not understand the idiom because you don’t understand the culture behind it. (即使你知道每个单词的意思，你也可能不理解这个习语，因为你不了解它背后的文化。)”可知，习语有它背后的文化。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“When children jump around and act silly, their parents may tell them to stop “monkeying around”.To “monkey around” means to do things that are not useful or serious, or to simply waste time. (当孩子们跳来跳去做傻事时，他们的父母可能会告诉他们不要“胡闹”。“胡闹”的意思是做一些没用或不严肃的事情，或者只是浪费时间。)”可知，“monkeying around”用来描述跳来跳去，浪费时间的孩子。故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第六段最后两句“If a swarm (一群) of tiny bugs love your food and start to hover (盘旋) around you, it would be really annoying. That experience perfectly explains why people often tell someone who keeps bothering them to “stop bugging me”. (如果一群小虫子喜欢你的食物，开始在你周围盘旋，那真的很烦人。这种经历很好地解释了为什么人们经常告诉那些一直打扰他们的人“别烦我了”。)”可知，人们经常对一直打扰他们的人说“stop bugging me”。由此可推知，我们可以用与虫子(bug)有关的习语来表达恼怒。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段说明了英语习语的特点，第二至六段列举了五个与动物相关的英语习语并进行了语意的探究，由此推知，本文是以举例子的方式展开的。故选C。 Passage 4 （25-26高一上·云南石屏县第一中学·期中）Many teachers believe doing quizzes (小测验) often helps students better understand classroom material. Crede, an associate professor of psychology, was doubtful that something as simple as a quiz could positively influence students’ learning performance. He decided to look deeper into the existing research to see if this idea was true. What he discovered truly surprised him. Crede researched data from the studies before that examined 52 classes with almost 8,000 students, primarily college-level courses, to see if frequent (频繁的) quizzes improved the students’ study performance. Laboratory settings were kept out of the study because Crede wanted to observe whether similar studies from labs would apply to general classrooms. Crede discovered that when students were quizzed over class materials at least once a week, they were likely to perform better on midterm and final exams compared to students who did not take quizzes. He also found that students who took frequent quizzes were less likely to fail the class, especially if they had difficulty in the course. Students who are having the hardest time in a class seem to benefit (受益) the greatest from frequent quizzes. The other surprising thing was how much quizzes helped reduce failure in classes. The chances of passing a class went through the roof where teachers used this. In addition to quiz frequency, another thing that seemed to positively influence students’ performance was immediate response from teachers. Also, quizzes that required students to answer with written words were more beneficial to their understanding of class materials compared to questions with several choices. Asking teachers to grade written quizzes daily or weekly may prevent some from carrying them out in their classes. Instead, it is recommended that teachers give online quizzes that can be graded by a course management system. Quizzes proved not big or valuable enough to be considered important in the study, including whether the tests were pop quizzes or planned, or if they were online or on paper. 1.Why did Crede start his research on quizzes? A. He wanted to prove teachers’ idea about quizzes was right. B. He doubted whether quizzes could help students learn better. C. He was asked to study the influence of quizzes on teaching. D. He found existing research on quizzes was not detailed. 2.What did Crede find about frequent quizzes? A. They benefited only hard-working students. B. They helped all students get higher scores. C. They taught students to find suitable class material. D. They helped students perform better on major exams. 3.What suggestion is made for teachers using quizzes? A. Avoid written-answer questions. B. Use online systems for quiz grading. C. Give pop quizzes instead of planned ones. D. Let students grade their own written quizzes. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Quizzes: The Secret to Better Grades B. Final Exams: A Game Changer for Learning C. Learning: Choose a Good Class Material D. Grading Tools: A New Helper for Teachers 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Crede教授针对小测验对学生学习表现的影响展开研究，及研究得出的相关结论与建议。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Crede, an associate professor of psychology, was doubtful that something as simple as a quiz could positively influence students’ learning performance. He decided to look deeper into the existing research to see if this idea was true.(心理学副教授Crede怀疑，像小测验这样简单的事情是否能对学生的学习表现产生积极影响。他决定深入研究已有的研究，看看这个想法是否正确)”可知，Crede开展小测验研究是因为他怀疑小测验能否帮助学生更好地学习。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Crede discovered that when students were quizzed over class materials at least once a week, they were likely to perform better on midterm and final exams compared to students who did not take quizzes.(Crede发现，当学生每周至少接受一次课堂内容小测验时，与不参加小测验的学生相比，他们在期中及期末考试中表现可能更好)”可知，频繁的小测验能帮助学生在主要考试中表现更出色。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Asking teachers to grade written quizzes daily or weekly may prevent some from carrying them out in their classes. Instead, it is recommended that teachers give online quizzes that can be graded by a course management system.(要求教师每天或每周批改书面小测验可能会阻止一些教师在课堂上实施。相反，建议教师采用可通过课程管理系统自动批改的在线小测验)”可知，针对使用小测验的教师，建议利用在线系统批改小测验。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章核心围绕小测验对学生学习的积极影响展开——频繁小测验能提升主要考试成绩、降低挂科率，尤其帮助学习困难的学生，还给出了相关使用建议。由此可知，A项“小测验：取得更好成绩的秘诀”为最佳标题。故选A项。 Passage 5 （25-26高一上·云南会泽县实验高中学校·期中）We’re all familiar with the feeling — it usually starts with a little itch (痒) deep inside the nose. Next comes the awareness that it’s going to happen. Then, achoo! Air erupts out of our nose at an astonishing 100 miles per hour, bursting out whatever was causing the itch. The high-pressure from a sneeze (喷嚏) has led some people to think that if we didn’t close our eyes, they could pop out. For decades, countless people have tested the theory. Upon finding it almost impossible to keep their eyes open while sneezing, many have concluded that the theory must be true. If you try it yourself, the chances are that your eyes are still where they belong. That’s because they are held firmly by the muscles (肌肉) in the eyes. Furthermore, increased pressure from sneezing actually builds up in the blood vessels (血管) in your nose, which may cause vessels to break but is less likely to cause the eyeballs to pop out. Why did this theory start, anyway? Some say that it all began in 1882, when the New York Times reported an incident of a woman who burst one of her eyeballs during a sudden sneeze. Others point at the fact that different high-pressure experiences, such as a childbirth, can cause blood vessels in the eyes to pop. Still others say that closing our eyes when we sneeze shows the theory is true. Scientists, on the other hand, explain that we close our eyes for the same reason we sneeze — to prevent unwanted things from entering our bodies. Either way, as far as we know, there are no actual recorded cases of anyone losing an eyeball because of a sneeze, so don’t lose any sleep over it! 1.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 1? A. The cause of a sneeze. B. The danger of sneezing. C. The importance of a sneeze. D. The experience of sneezing. 2.Why won’t eyeballs pop out while people are sneezing? A. Because they are fixed firmly in the eyes. B. Because high pressure builds up in the eyes. C. Because increased pressure prevents them from popping out. D. Because they are held strongly by blood vessels. 3.What can we infer from the text? A. Sneezes usually cause an itchy nose. B. People sneeze to burst out unwanted things. C. The high pressure caused by a sneeze will be released through breathing. D. People close their eyes when sneezing to stop their eyeballs from popping out. 4.Where is the text most likely from? A. A book review. B. A travel brochure. C. A magazine. D. A research report. 【答案】1. D　2. A　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章以熟悉的“打喷嚏”开头，围绕“打喷嚏时不闭眼眼球会掉出”的传言展开，结合生理原理和科学依据进行澄清。 (1)题解析： 主旨大意题。通过阅读第一段内容，结合关键句“… it usually starts with a little itch deep inside the nose. Next comes the awareness that it’s going to happen. Then, achoo! Air erupts out of our nose at an astonishing 100 miles per hour, bursting out whatever was causing the itch.(……通常先是鼻子里深处有一点痒。接着意识到要打喷嚏了。然后，“阿嚏！”空气以惊人的每小时100英里的速度从鼻子里喷出，把引起痒的东西喷了出来。)”可知，第一段以“We’re all familiar with the feeling(我们都对这种感觉非常熟悉)”开头，依次描述了打喷嚏的三个阶段：鼻子深处发痒 → 意识到要打喷嚏 → 喷嚏打出、气流高速冲出鼻腔。由此可知，该段主要描述打喷嚏的直观体验。故选D项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“That’s because they are held firmly by the muscles in the eyes. (这是因为它们是由眼周肌肉紧紧固定住的。)”可知，眼睛被眼周肌肉仅仅固定住，因此，打喷嚏时眼球不会掉出来的原因在于它们被眼周肌肉紧紧固定在眼睛里。故选A项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。文章第一段内容“Then, achoo! Air erupts out of our nose at an astonishing 100 miles per hour, bursting out whatever was causing the itch.(然后，啊嚏！一股气流以惊人的每小时100英里的速度从我们的鼻子里喷出，将引发瘙痒的源头一并冲了出去。)”提出“打喷嚏排出引发瘙痒的东西”；结合文章末尾段内容“Scientists, on the other hand, explain that we close our eyes for the same reason we sneeze — to prevent unwanted things from entering our bodies.(而科学家们则解释说，我们闭上眼睛的原因与我们打喷嚏的原因相同——都是为了防止不想要的东西进入我们的身体。)”提出科学家们的解释“打喷嚏是为了防止异物进入身体”。由此推断，人们打喷嚏是为了排出体内的异物。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。通过阅读文章可知，文章以“We’re all familiar with the feeling(我们都对这种感觉非常熟悉)”开头，使用“Then, achoo!( 然后，啊嚏！)”以及最后一段“Either way, as far as we know, there are no actual recorded cases of anyone losing an eyeball because of a sneeze, so don’t lose any sleep over it!(不管怎样，据我们所知，目前还没有任何实际的记录表明有人因打喷嚏而眼球脱落的情况发生，所以大家就别为此忧心忡忡了！)”等通俗易懂的语言表达，由此推知，文章以“喷嚏体验”这一熟悉的生活现象引入，探讨科学迷思“眼球是否会弹出”，语言生动易懂，符合科普杂志的特点。故选C项。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南·期中）Are you an “I person” or an “E person”? These two personality labels in particular are widely discussed online. They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. All of the results have four letters, and there are 16 results in total. “I” and “E” refer to “introverted” and “extroverted” respectively. Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I” person can still be outgoing at times. For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person. According to psychologists, this idea of temporarily switching personalities is called “masking”. That is hiding your true personality in specific situations. “Human beings want to feel they belong, and they might become people - pleasers to do so,” wrote the MasterClass website. Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day - to - day travel plan when I remembered from an article that “P people” don’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’.” “Why?” She asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do?” It was then that I realized I’d taken the result too seriously. The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is — for fun. Knowing someone’s MBTI result doesn’t mean you really know this person. And those four letters of yours don’t define who you are. 1.In which of the following situations an “I” person may perform more sociably? A. Having a conversation with an “E” person. B. Wanting to feel someone’s sense of belonging. C. Taking the personality test and accepting its result. D. Staying with some friends with similar personalities. 2.What does the underlined word “masking” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Pleasing. B. Escaping. C. Pretending. D. Controlling. 3.What does the author want to tell us by the example in paragraph 4? A. The MBTI result is of great help to identify a person. B. A “P” person is unwilling to make or stick to plans. C. People need to follow the advice of the MBTI test. D. Don’t take the MBTI result too seriously all the time. 4.What does the author think of the MBTI personality test? A. It’s a good choice for a conversation starter. B. It’s a must to quickly get to know a new friend. C. It’s a perfect way to show your true personality. D. It’s an effective means of predicting people’s behavior. 【答案】1. D　2. C　3. D　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了Myers-Briggs Type Indicator（MBTI）人格测试中的“I”（内向）和“E”（外向）两种类型。文章指出，尽管人们通常被归为某一类型，但在特定情况下可能会暂时表现出不同的性格特点，这被称为“掩饰”。作者反思自己可能也是这种会在不同场合表现出不同性格的人。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I” person can still be outgoing at times. For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person.(许多在线讨论表明，即使某人是典型的沉默寡言，一个“I”型的人有时仍然可以外向。例如，当一个内向的人和一群内向的朋友在一起时，他们可能会变得更像一个“E”型的人。)”可知，和性格相似的朋友住在一起“I”型人格的人可能表现得更善于交际。故选D项。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据划线词masking后文的内容“That is hiding your true personality in specific situations.(这是在特定情况下隐藏你的真实个性。)”可知，这是在特定情况下隐藏你的真实个性，即伪装，故可推知划线词masking与C项“Pretending(假装，伪装)”意思相近，应是被称作“伪装”。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段“Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day - to - day travel plan when I remembered from an article that “P people” don’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’.” “Why?” She asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do?” It was then that I realized I’d taken the result too seriously.(用MBTI测试的结果来识别和描述一个人的性格似乎很有趣。然而，有一次我走得太远了。我妹妹正在兴奋地制定每天的旅行计划，这时我想起了一篇文章，“P型人”不喜欢制定或坚持计划，所以我对她说：“你看起来不像一个‘P型人’。”“为什么?”她反问道。“从什么时候开始我需要按照我的性格测试告诉我怎么去做”。那时我才意识到我把结果看得太认真了。)”可知，作者想通过本段的例子告诉我们不要总是把MBTI的结果看得太认真。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends.(MBTI人格测试可能会显示出你对自己不了解的一些东西，甚至可以成为你结识新朋友时一个有趣的破冰问题。)”可知，作者认为MBTI人格测试可以成为结识新朋友时的有趣的破冰话题，是一个开启对话的好的选择，故选A项。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）The idea of teenagers traveling alone has sparked a heated debate in recent years. Some people argue it’s an excellent way for teens to develop independence, while other people express significant concerns about their safety. Let’s explore both sides of this argument. Supporters of teen solo travel argue that it builds important life skills. When teens plan a trip, book tickets, and explore new places on their own, they learn to solve problems and make decisions. For example, a 17-year-old named Alex traveled alone to Japan last summer and stayed with a local host family arranged by his school. “I had to figure out how to use the subway, order food in a language I didn’t know, and even help the host family (寄宿家庭) prepare traditional miso soup,” he said, “it was challenging, but I grew so much from the experience — like learning to ask for help when I was lost.” Traveling alone also helps teens gain confidence and learn about different cultures in person. On the other hand, critics raise valid concerns about safety. Teens are easier to get hurt by risks like getting lost, being cheated, or facing emergencies without an adult’s help. A recent report by the National Travel Safety Organization indicated that teenagers traveling alone report encountering issues such as missed transportation or minor health concerns at a significantly higher rate than adults. “While independence is important, teens still need guidance and support,” says travel expert Ms. Johnson. “A balanced approach, combining independent exploration with appropriate adult help, is often more advisable.” Another point to consider is the impact on family relationships. Some parents feel anxious when their teens travel alone, which can lead to arguments. However, supporters argue that open communication can solve this. “My parents were worried at first, but we talked about safety plans, like sharing my daily schedule and calling them every night, and checked in daily,” Alex explained. “They ended up being proud of me when I came back and shared stories of my trip.” In conclusion, teen solo travel has both benefits and drawbacks. It can develop independence and cultural understanding, but it also comes with safety risks. The key is to find a middle ground — teens can start with short, well-planned trips and gradually take on more responsibility as they prove they can deal with challenges. Finally, with proper preparation and support, solo travel can be a valuable experience that helps teens grow into confident, capable adults. 1.What does the underlined word “concerns” mean in Paragraph 1? A. worries. B. interests C. advances D. attractions 2.What does Alex’s experience in Paragraph 2 show? A. Japan is perfect for teens’ solo travel. B. Japanese is easy to learn for travelers. C. Solo travel helps develop practical skills. D. Host families solve all the travel problems. 3.What do critics worry about most in Paragraph 3? A. Safety risks. B. High travel costs. C. Poor academic performance. D. Cultural adaptation problems. 4.What advice does the author give in the last paragraph? A. Let teens travel only with adults. B. Start with short, well-planned trips. C. Ban teens’ solo travel completely. D. Let teens travel only to familiar cities. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨青少年独自旅行的益处与潜在风险，提出平衡安全与独立的建议。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Some people argue it’s an excellent way for teens to develop independence, while other people express significant concerns about their safety.(一些人认为这是青少年培养独立性的绝佳方式，而另一些人则对他们的安全表达了强烈的concerns)”可知，while表转折，前后两种观点对立，前半句说独自旅行的好处，后半句应是表达对安全的担忧，因此concerns的含义与worries一致，意为“担忧”。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Supporters of teen solo travel argue that it builds important life skills. When teens plan a trip, book tickets, and explore new places on their own, they learn to solve problems and make decisions. For example, a 17-year-old named Alex traveled alone to Japan last summer and stayed with a local host family arranged by his school. “I had to figure out how to use the subway, order food in a language I didn’t know, and even help the host family prepare traditional miso soup,” he said, “it was challenging, but I grew so much from the experience — like learning to ask for help when I was lost.”(青少年独自旅行的支持者认为，这种方式能培养重要的生活技能。当青少年自己规划旅行、预订车票、探索新地方时，他们学会了解决问题和做决定。例如，一个名叫亚历克斯的17岁少年去年夏天独自去了日本，住在学校安排的当地寄宿家庭里。“我必须弄清楚如何乘坐地铁，用一门我不懂的语言点餐，甚至帮助寄宿家庭准备传统的味噌汤，”他说，“这很有挑战性，但我从这段经历中成长了很多 —— 比如在迷路时学会了求助。”)”可知，作者先提出独自旅行能培养生活技能的观点，再用亚历克斯的经历举例佐证，由此说明独自旅行有助于提升实用技能。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“On the other hand, critics raise valid concerns about safety. Teens are easier to get hurt by risks like getting lost, being cheated, or facing emergencies without an adult’s help.(另一方面，批评者对安全问题提出了合理的担忧。青少年更容易受到风险伤害，比如迷路、被骗，或者在没有成年人帮助的情况下面对紧急情况)”可知，批评者最担心的是青少年独自旅行的安全风险。故选A项。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The key is to find a middle ground — teens can start with short, well-planned trips and gradually take on more responsibility as they prove they can deal with challenges.(关键是要找到一个平衡点 —— 青少年可以从短途、计划周密的旅行开始，当他们证明自己能够应对挑战时，再逐渐承担更多责任)”可知，作者给出的建议是让青少年从短途、规划好的旅行起步。故选B项。 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）The 187-foot-tall Tower of Pisa is famous all over the world mainly because it leans (倾斜). For many years, people believed that the tower’s designer designed it to lean. However, the tower’s lean is an accident caused by poor planning. It was built on a riverbed of sand and soil that was not strong enough to support a building so tall and heavy. Building started in 1173. Because of several wars, it wasn’t finished until 1350. Only a few years after it was started, people could see that the first three floors were already leaning. When the next three floors were added, builders tried to correct the lean by making one side higher than the other on purpose. But this made the tower lean in the opposite (相反的) direction. Luckily, the long delays (耽搁) in building gave the tower time to sink and the ground to become compacted (结实的). This made the ground base stronger, which is the main reason the tower never fell down. For hundreds of years, the tower was slowly leaning more—about one more inch every 20 years. In the end, in 1990, it was closed to the public. People were worried that too many visitors at the top might make it fall. From 1990 to 2001, engineers from around the world helped balance the tower. They found a good way. They slowly removed some soil from under the higher side of the base, and the tower was straightened by nearly 16 inches. If there is no big disaster, engineers believe the tower is safe for another 300 years. 1.What was the real reason for the tower’s lean? A. Wars damaged the building. B. The ground was too weak for its weight. C. The designer planned it to be so. D. The building materials were of poor quality. 2.How did the builders first try to solve the lean? A. They rebuilt the first three floors. B. They stopped the building for many years. C. They used lighter materials for the top floors. D. They made the new floors with one side higher. 3.What helped stop the tower from falling down? A. The long breaks during its building. B. The special shape of its base. C. It was closed to the public in time. D. The skill of the later engineers. 4.Which is the best title for the text? A. The Design of the Leaning Tower of Pisa B. How Engineers Saved the Leaning Tower of Pisa C. Why the Leaning Tower of Pisa is a Popular Tourist Attraction D. The Leaning Tower of Pisa: A Famous Accident and Its Repair 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍比萨斜塔因倾斜闻名世界，倾斜的原因、建造者的纠正尝试、未倒塌的关键及工程师的修复措施。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, the tower’s lean is an accident caused by poor planning. It was built on a riverbed of sand and soil that was not strong enough to support a building so tall and heavy.(然而，这座塔的倾斜是由于规划不当造成的意外。它建在沙土的河床上，河床的强度不足以支撑这么高这么重的建筑。)”可知，比萨斜塔倾斜的真正原因是它建在沙和黏土构成的河床上，地基不够坚固，无法支撑如此高大沉重的建筑。故选 B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“When the next three floors were added，builders tried to correct the lean by making one side higher than the other on purpose.(当接下来的三层楼被增加时，建筑商试图通过故意使一侧比另一侧高来纠正倾斜。)”可知，建造者首次尝试解决倾斜问题的方法是在添加接下来的三层时，故意让一侧比另一侧更高。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Luckily, the long delays in building gave the tower time to sink and the ground to become compacted. This made the ground base stronger，which is the main reason the tower never fell down.(幸运的是，建筑的长时间延误给了塔下沉和地面变得紧实的时间。这使得地基更坚固，这是塔从未倒塌的主要原因。)”可知，建造过程中的长时间耽搁让塔有时间下沉，地面变得结实，地基随之加固，这是塔从未倒塌的主要原因。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章核心围绕两部分展开： 一是说明比萨斜塔的倾斜是一场意外(由地基薄弱导致，且建造者曾尝试纠正但失败);二是介绍工程师如何对其进行修复(移除地基较高一侧的土壤以校正倾斜)。选项 D“The Leaning Tower of Pisa: A Famous Accident and Its Repair (比萨斜塔：一次著名的意外及其修复)”既涵盖了“著名的意外”，又包含了“修复过程”，最能概括全文主旨用作标题。故选D。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）A recent study looked at how playing sports affects teenagers' mental health (心理健康). Researchers did the study for two years. They worked with 2,000 students aged 13-18 from different schools. The study wanted to find out how regular exercise helps teens feel better emotionally. The study found that teens who played team sports (like basketball, volleyball or soccer) felt less worried than those who didn’t exercise at all. Dr. Lisa Chen, who led the study, said, “Team sports need you to work together and talk with teammates. This helps you make friends and feel like you belong to a group. These things are very important to make you less worried.” Similarly, individual sports (like swimming, running or tennis) also helped. Teens who did these sports felt more confident. “When you set small goals in these sports and reach them, you feel proud of yourself,” Dr. Chen added, “this makes you more confident.” But the study also warned against training too much. Teens who practiced sports for more than five hours a week after school and didn’t rest enough felt more stressed. “You need a balance,” Dr. Chen said. “Sports are good for you, but too much training makes you tired and stressed.” There was another interesting finding about boys and girls. Girls who played sports often felt better about their bodies than those who didn’t. For boys, playing sports was linked to better grades at school. This might be because regular exercise helps them focus more in class. 1.What can we infer about team sports from paragraph two? A. Team sports are not good for making friends. B. Teens who play team sports always feel stressed. C. Team sports can only help teens get better grades. D. Teens who don't play team sports often feel more worried. 2.What did the study find about teens who overtrained without enough rest? A. They got better grades. B. They felt more stressed. C. They made more friends. D. They felt more confident. 3.Why does the writer mention “gender differences” in the last paragraph? A. To show that sports are not suitable for all teens. B. To explain why boys are better at sports than girls. C. To add information about how sports help teens in different ways. D. To prove that girls care more about their own body image than boys do. 4.What is Dr. Chen’s attitude towards teens playing sports? A. She thinks teens should not play any sports. B. She believes only team sports are helpful for teens. C. She says teens must play sports for more than five hours a week. D. She supports teens playing sports but warns against overtraining. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍一项关于“运动对青少年心理健康影响”的研究及关键发现。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段“The study found that teens who played team sports (like basketball, volleyball or soccer) felt less worried than those who didn’t exercise at all. (研究发现，参加团体运动（如篮球、排球或足球）的青少年比那些根本不运动的青少年更少焦虑)”可知，参加团队运动的青少年比完全不运动的青少年更少感到焦虑，由此可推断不参加团队运动的青少年往往更焦虑。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“Teens who practiced sports for more than five hours a week after school and didn’t rest enough felt more stressed. (那些每周放学后运动超过五小时且休息不足的青少年感到压力更大)”可知，过度训练且休息不足的青少年会感到更有压力。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“There was another interesting finding about boys and girls. Girls who played sports often felt better about their bodies than those who didn’t. For boys, playing sports was linked to better grades at school. (关于男孩和女孩还有一个有趣的发现。经常运动的女孩比不运动的女孩对自己的身体感觉更好。对于男孩来说，运动与在学校取得更好的成绩有关)”可知，作者提及性别差异是为了补充说明运动以不同方式帮助青少年的信息。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段“The study found that teens who played team sports (like basketball, volleyball or soccer) felt less worried than those who didn’t exercise at all. (研究发现，参加团体运动（如篮球、排球或足球）的青少年比那些根本不运动的青少年更少焦虑)”，第三段“Similarly, individual sports (like swimming, running or tennis) also helped. Teens who did these sports felt more confident. (同样地，个人项目（如游泳、跑步或网球）也有帮助。参与这些运动的青少年会变得更自信)”及第四段“Teens who practiced sports for more than five hours a week after school and didn’t rest enough felt more stressed. (那些每周放学后运动超过五小时且休息不足的青少年感到压力更大)可知，陈博士既支持青少年运动，又警告避免过度训练。故选D。 Passage 3 （25-26高一上·云南昆明官渡区第一中学·期中）Enthusiastic travelers may have already heard of “regenerative tourism” along with the idea of sustainability(持续性). Whenever we travel—no matter where or how—we are leaving an impact on the environment and the world surrounding us. While sustainable tourism takes positive steps toward limiting that footprint in order for us to protect environments for future generations, regenerative tourism takes this idea one step further. Regenerative tourism means “the idea that tourists should leave a place in better condition than it was before”. For example, when visiting a garden, each person plants a tree to further build the environment instead of leaving no trace(痕迹). In a way, regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability. Another great example of this is any act of clean-up. This is especially popular on major beaches and in parks where there’s always rubbish to pick up and waste to remove. While travelers certainly don’t need to join in a community clean-up while on vacation (unless they want to), the idea of being involved is very much the same. Joining in regenerative tourism has personal and environmental benefits. Jeffrey Skibins, an associate professor in entertainment and park management, says, “Many tourists report feelings of deep personal satisfaction and a stronger connection to nature. Additionally, conservation (保护) behaviors enable tourists to develop life-long learning around these issues and continue these behaviors at home.” Regenerative means “to renew and revive”, which is exactly what many travelers are doing to help environments recover. Depending on where one plans to travel, there might be more ways to help than originally realized. By further encouraging damaged environments to be renewed through travel rather than being negatively impacted, we can slowly help to rebuild the world’s most beautiful landscapes. 1.What is the aim of regenerative tourism? A. To further improve the environment. B. To limit the footprint of human beings. C. To keep a place in its original condition. D. To dramatically promote global economy. 2.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Designing a bright future for our life. B. Taking part in a community clean-up. C. Renewing our ideas about environments. D. Getting active in the acts of sustainability. 3.What does Jeffrey Skibins think of regenerative tourism? A. It makes travelers closely connected. B. It gives personal satisfaction to travelers. C. It leaves a short-term effect on tourists. D. It helps tourists improve their learning ability. 4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Regenerative tourism invites travelers to do their part B. Travelling patterns make a difference to the environment C. Conservation behavior enjoys its popularity among households D. The idea of sustainability takes root in all enthusiastic travelers 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的旅游形式——再生旅游。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While sustainable tourism takes positive steps toward limiting that footprint in order for us to protect environments for future generations, regenerative tourism takes this idea one step further.(虽然可持续旅游采取了积极措施来限制这种足迹，以便我们为子孙后代保护环境，但再生旅游将这一想法更进一步)”可知，再生旅游的目的是为了进一步改善环境。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In a way, regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability. Another great example of this is any act of clean-up. This is especially popular on major beaches and in parks where there’s always rubbish to pick up and waste to remove.(在某种程度上，再生旅游要求旅行者积极参与他们的可持续发展行为。另一个很好的例子是任何清理行为。这在主要的海滩和公园里尤其受欢迎，因为那里总是有垃圾要捡，有垃圾要清除)”可知，文章第三段表明应积极参与可持续发展的行动。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Jeffrey Skibins所说“Many tourists report feelings of deep personal satisfaction and a stronger connection to nature. Additionally, conservation behaviors enable tourists to develop life-long learning around these issues and continue these behaviors at home.(许多游客表示，他们感到深深的个人满足感，与大自然的联系更紧密了。此外，保护行为使游客能够围绕这些问题进行终身学习，并在家中继续这些行为)”可知，Jeffrey Skibins认为再生旅游给旅行者带来了个人的满足。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据文章全文内容尤其是第三段“In a way, regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability.(在某种程度上，再生旅游要求旅行者积极参与他们的可持续发展行为)”及第五段“Regenerative means “to renew and revive”, which is exactly what many travelers are doing to help environments recover.(再生的意思是“更新和恢复”，这正是许多旅行者为帮助环境恢复所做的事情)”可知，本文介绍了什么是“再生旅游”及“再生旅游”中，游客应该如何去做，A选项“Regenerative tourism invites travelers to do their part(再生旅游邀请游客尽自己的一份力量)”适合作为本文标题。故选A项。 Passage 4 （25-26高一上·云南玉溪师范学院附属中学-11月·期中）Change can be unsettling. Good or bad, exciting or unexpected, there’s an undeniable anxiety that accompanies seeing our lives shift. Thankfully, nature reminds us that entering a new season in our lives is nothing to fear but something to enjoy. What’s now known as “leaf-peeping” has become a highly profitable form of tourism in the United States. A research shows that across states in the eastern half of the country, fall foliage (叶子) tourism contributes more than $30 billion to local economies. And even though climate change has made int more difficult to predict when exactly foliage will peak, it hasn’t stopped people from trying to figure it out. Tourism leaders from the Smoky Mountains recently released their annual fall foliage prediction map which helps travelers plan out when they have the best chance to catch those beautiful autumn views. Perhaps part of what makes the foliage so special is the belief that it’s temporary. Eventually, branches will become bare, and we’ll stop taking photos for social media. And as the seasons change and we feel that familiar longing for what was, trees will once again embrace (欣然接受) their evolution. Even when they aren’t decorated with flashy fall colors and their internal systems slow down, trees are still supporting the ecosystem. Their fallen leaves are broken down by bacteria and fungi and provide the soil with nutrients the tree needs to grow. Insects take up shelter in their bark, eventually becoming food for other wildlife seeking a place to nest. Their strong roots stabilize the soil, preventing erosion (侵蚀) from winter snowmelt. Right now, trees around the country are already beginning to welcome their next chapter. During this time of the year, it feels like forests are just offering endless joy for free. And fall foliage is an everlasting reminder that the growth with changes is beautiful. 1.What does “leaf-peeping” refer to? A. A form of tourism where people go to see fall foliage. B. A measure taken by tourism leaders to protect trees. C. A research about the effects of climate change on trees. D. A method for predicting when fall foliage will peak. 2.Why do people find fall foliage so special? A. It brings change to daily life. B. It contributes to local economy. C. It helps preserve ecosystems. D. It lasts only for a short time. 3.What can we learn about trees in fall from paragraph 4? A. They are easily damaged by bacteria. B. They stop rooting due to cold weather. C. They continue providing shelter for wildlife. D. They play a role in reducing snowfall. 4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Trees Supporting the Ecosystem B. Lesson from Trees: Embracing Change C. Fall Foliage Tourism in the US D. Climate Changes in the Season of Fall 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在美国，观赏秋叶成为了一种盈利性的旅游方式，秋天的树木给我们带来无尽的欢乐，也是成长与变化之美的永恒象征。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段的“What’s now known as “leaf-peeping” has become a highly profitable form of tourism in the United States. A research shows that across states in the eastern half of the country, fall foliage tourism contributes more than $30 billion to local economies. (在美国，现在所谓的“赏叶”已经成为一种高利润的旅游形式。一项研究表明，在美国东半部的各州，赏叶旅游为当地经济贡献了300多亿美元。)”可知，leaf-peeping指的是人们去看落叶的一种旅游方式。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Perhaps part of what makes the foliage so special is the belief that it’s temporary. (也许树叶如此特别的部分原因是人们相信它是暂时的。) ”可知，人们觉得秋天的树叶如此特别是因为它只持续很短的时间。故选D。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段的“Insects take up shelter in their bark, eventually becoming food for other wildlife seeking a place to nest. (昆虫躲在树皮里，最终成为其他寻找巢穴的野生动物的食物。)”可知，秋天的树虽然叶子落下了，但仍为野生动物提供食物和庇护。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段的“Change can be unsettling. Good or bad, exciting or unexpected, there’s an undeniable anxiety that accompanies seeing our lives shift. Thankfully, nature reminds us that entering a new season in our lives is nothing to fear but something to enjoy. (变化可能令人不安。无论是好是坏，令人兴奋还是出乎意料，看到我们的生活发生变化，总有一种不可否认的焦虑。值得庆幸的是，大自然提醒我们，进入生命的新季节没有什么可怕的，而是值得享受的。)”可知，文章介绍秋天的到来有着好的一面也有坏的一面，但不管怎样生命的新陈代谢提醒人们要用心去拥抱和接受一切，因此B项(树木带来的启示：拥抱变化)能够概括文章内容，适合作为标题，故选B。 主题语境03 人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南宣威第三中学·期中）Previous studies have suggested children who spend their days looking out of the window instead of paying attention may be among the cleverest pupils. The latest study, however, suggests in the long run constantly daydreaming will leave children struggling to keep up with their peers. Dr Agnieszka Graham, a lecturer in applied developmental psychology at Queen’s University Belfast, said, “In school, often children can get in trouble for mind wandering. It is sometimes viewed as a sign of disrespect or misbehavior if they are not paying attention.” The study, conducted by Queen’s University Belfast, is the first to deal with the impact of so-called “mind wandering” on learning in young children. The researchers played a story about a fictional pharaoh (法老) in ancient Egypt to 97 children aged 6-11 and asked them a question every two minutes to check if they were paying attention. The study found that mind wandering had a significant impact on learning, as children who daydreamed the most remembered less about the story. The researchers discovered the children’s minds wandered a quarter of the time, and they could not help it. According to the study, daydreaming during a classroom-style listening activity is not only common but also harmful to memory in children. And because the impact of daydreaming is so clear, teachers should consider how they teach young children to reduce mind wandering. However, the research has found children, like adults, are unable to fully concentrate all the time; it’s likely that their minds will wander several times in a typical school day. The findings show that further exploring the causes and consequences of mind wandering in these early years at school could provide a solid foundation for developing interventions (干预), which will help children find out when their attention drifts away from the present task and refocus their attention. 1.Why did Queen’s University Belfast conduct the study? A. To improve children’s memory. B. To learn a story about ancient Egypt. C. To check children’s attention in class. D. To research the influence of mind wandering. 2.What might the researchers advise teachers to do? A. Help with further research. B. Help children concentrate. C. Reduce their own mind wandering. D. Work harder while teaching young. 3.What does the underlined word drifts in the last paragraph mean? A. Breaks. B. Remains. C. Moves. D. Sticks. 4.What’s the author’s attitude to children’s mind wandering? A. Concerned. B. Supportive. C. Uninterested. D. Unclear. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究表明，走神会影响学生在校的学习表现。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study, conducted by Queen’s University Belfast, is the first to deal with the impact of so-called “mind wandering” on learning in young children.(这项由贝尔法斯特女王大学进行的研究首次探讨了所谓的“走神”对幼儿学习的影响。)”可知，贝尔法斯特女王大学进行这项研究是为了探索走神对幼儿学习的影响。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And because the impact of daydreaming is so clear, teachers should consider how they teach young children to reduce mind wandering.(由于幻想的影响是如此明显，教师应该考虑如何教幼儿减少走神。)”可知，教师应该考虑如何让幼儿学习减少走神，即帮助幼儿学习集中注意力。故选B。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“The findings show that further exploring the causes and consequences of mind wandering in these early years at school could provide a solid foundation for developing interventions(干预), which will help children find out when their attention drifts away from the present task and refocus their attention.(研究结果表明，进一步探索在学校早期走神的原因和后果，可以为制定干预措施奠定坚实的基础，这将有助于儿童发现他们的注意力何时drifts离了当前的任务，并重新集中注意力。)”可知，“their attention drifts away from the present task”和“refocus their attention”表达相反的意思，后者指重新集中注意力，前者应是说注意力从当前任务移开。drift意为“缓缓移动”，与move意思一致。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The latest study, however, suggests in the long run constantly daydreaming will leave children struggling to keep up with their peers.(然而，最新的研究表明，从长远来看，不断做白日梦会让孩子们难以跟上同龄人的步伐。)”和“In school, often children can get in trouble for mind wandering. It is sometimes viewed as a sign of disrespect or misbehavior if they are not paying attention.(在学校里，孩子们经常会因为走神而遇到麻烦。如果他们不注意，有时会被视为不尊重或不当行为的表现。)”以及第三段中的“According to the study, daydreaming during a classroom-style listening activity is not only common but also harmful to memory in children.(根据这项研究，在课堂式听力活动中做白日梦不仅很常见，而且对儿童的记忆力也有害。)”可知，作者提出了最新研究的观点，其认为走神会影响孩子的学习表现，并讲述了孩子走神时会遭遇的麻烦以及后果，由此可推测出，作者对走神这一问题持关心的态度。故选A。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南·期中）Each year, people buy millions of aquarium (水族箱) fish. Most of the fish species have a natural life span of at least several years. Some of them can live up to a decade or more in the wild. But somehow most of the fish died within weeks or even within hours after you had bought there. For sure, fish are weak creatures compared to us. It does not mean they died for no reason at all. Since fish have no body heat, they are sensitive to sudden changes in water temperature. Water pH and water hardness can also affect them if there is a sudden change. Most of the quick deaths of fish are due to shock. Tap water is not a perfect choice for aquarium fish because of the chlorine (氯) in the tap water, which can kill the fish. So the best way is to just put the tap water in the sun for a few days. Fish need oxygen in the water. They will die if the oxygen in the aquarium runs out. Several things can cause it to happen. The aquarium is too small, that is, less water means less oxygen. The aquarium is too crowded, for the more fish you have, the more oxygen they need. The temperature is too high, because the higher the water temperature, the less dissolved oxygen. Overfeeding the fish can cause a digestive (消化的) problem and kill the fish directly. More food than it is needed can also cause water pollution and create more harmful waste which will kill the fish too. Feed the fish only once a day, with no more food than they can eat in less than a minute. In this case, less is better. 1.What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To make the article interesting. B. To bring forward the topic. C. To state some facts about aquarium fish D. To provide some advice for the readers. 2.Why are fish sensitive to the sudden changes of water temperature? A. Because they are warm- blooded. B. Because they are very weak. C. Because they live in the water. D. Because they have no body heat. 3.What’s the purpose of putting tap water in the sun? A. To warm the water. B. To let out the chlorine. C. To kill the viruses. D. To make the water clear. 4.What can be inferred about aquarium fish? A. They prefer high water temperature. B. They live longer in the small aquarium. C. They can cause serious water pollution. D. They should be fed according to their need. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. B　4. D 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章分析了买回家的观赏鱼会死亡的原因。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“Each year, people buy millions of aquarium (水族箱) fish. Most of the fish species have a natural life span of at least several years. Some of them can live up to a decade or more in the wild. But somehow most of the fish died within weeks or even within hours after you had bought there. For sure, fish are weak creatures compared to us. It does not mean they died for no reason at all.(每年，人们购买数以百万计的水族馆鱼类，大多数鱼类的自然寿命至少有几年。它们中的一些能在野外生存十年甚至更久。但不知怎么的，大多数鱼在你买到之后几周甚至几小时内就死了。可以肯定的是，鱼类和我们相比是弱小的生物。这并不意味着他们毫无理由的死去)”可知，第一段主要介绍了观赏鱼买回家后会迅速死亡，结合下文可知，下文分析了其迅速死亡的原因，由此可推知，第一段的目的是为了提出本文论述的话题。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“Since fish have no body heat, they are sensitive to sudden changes in water temperature.(由于鱼没有体温，它们对水温的突然变化很敏感)”可知，鱼对水温的突然变化很敏感是因为它们没有体温。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Tap water is not a perfect choice for aquarium fish because of the chlorine (氯) in the tap water, which can kill the fish. So the best way is to just put the tap water in the sun for a few days.(自来水对水族箱里的鱼来说并不是完美的选择，因为自来水中的氯会杀死鱼。所以最好的办法就是把自来水放在阳光下晒几天)”可知，把自来水放在阳光下的目的是为了去除水中的氯。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“More food than it is needed can also cause water pollution and create more harmful waste which will kill the fish too. Feed the fish only once a day, with no more food than they can eat in less than a minute. In this case, less is better.(超过所需的食物也会造成水污染，并产生更多有害废物，从而杀死鱼类。每天只喂鱼一次，食物量不要超过它们一分钟内能吃完的量。在这种情况下，少喂一些更好)”可推知，观赏鱼应该根据它们的需求来喂食，少喂一些更好。故选D。 Passage 3 （25-26高一上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）There is new hope for predicting earthquakes with the help of artificial intelligence (AI). For a long time, many people believed it was impossible to predict earthquakes. But now, AI is challenging this idea. In a test in China, researchers from the University of Texas, Austin created an AI method that successfully predicted 70% of earthquakes one week before they happened. The AI was able to detect tiny changes in underground movement, which were imperceptible to human scientists. These changes often signal that an earthquake is coming. The researchers trained the AI system using a five-year database of earthquake recordings and earthquake physics. After learning, the AI was able to detect earthquakes by listening and analyzing signs of coming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. This is an important step in earthquake prediction research. One lead researcher, Alexandros Savvaidis, said, “Earthquakes happen without warning. Even with 70% accuracy, this method is a major achievement. It could help people get ready and reduce losses.” It is still uncertain if the method will work as well in other parts of the world. The researchers plan to test it next in Texas, which has a network of over 300 earthquake stations and more than six years of continuous recording history, making it an ideal testing ground. Looking ahead, the team hopes to combine the AI system with traditional physics-based models, which could be especially useful in areas with little data. As the bureau’s director Scott Tinker said, “There’s still a long way to go, but this kind of progress helps move science forward.” 1.What does the underlined word “imperceptible” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Very dangerous. B. Extremely large. C. Easy to measure. D. Difficult to notice. 2.How does the AI method predict earthquakes? A. By studying the weather database. B. By asking people to report small shakes. C. By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. D. By using a network to take pictures of the ground. 3.What is the researchers’ next plan? A. Test the AI method in Texas. B. Combine AI with traditional models. C. Move people away from earthquake areas. D. Build 300 new earthquake stations in Texas. 4.What’s the attitude of Scott Tinker towards the AI system? A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Indifferent. 【答案】1. D　2. C　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人工智能正让地震预测成为可能。一项新技术通过分析地底的“隆隆声”，能提前一周预测七成地震，为防灾减灾带来新希望。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第二段“The AI was able to detect tiny changes in underground movement(人工智能能够探测到地下运动的微小变化)”可知，这些变化非常微小，人类科学家难以察觉，因此imperceptible意为“难以注意到的”，和Difficult to notice意思相近。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“After learning, the AI was able to detect earthquakes by listening and analyzing signs of coming earthquakes within the background rumblings in the Earth.(人工智能通过学习，在地球的背景隆隆声中，通过倾听和分析即将发生地震的迹象，能够探测到地震。)”可知，AI通过分析地球背景隆隆声中的迹象来预测地震。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“The researchers plan to test it next in Texas, which has a network of over 300 earthquake stations and more than six years of continuous recording history, making it an ideal testing ground.(研究人员计划下一步在德克萨斯州进行测试，那里有300多个地震观测站，连续记录历史超过六年，使其成为理想的试验场。)”可知，研究人员的下一个计划是在德克萨斯州测试AI方法。故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段Scott Tinker的话“There’s still a long way to go, but this kind of progress helps move science forward.(虽然仍任重道远，但此类进展有助于推动科学向前发展。)”可知，他认为尽管有挑战，但进步有助于推动科学，因此态度是积极的。故选B。 主题语境04 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南楚雄·期中）A diet designed for brain health may help slow or prevent age-related memory loss and diseases, according to a study led by Dr. Russell Sawyer, a researcher at the University of Cincinnati. Sawyer said that the MIND diet is a great way to support brain health. “What I like about the MIND diet is that it is more about what you should be eating and less about what you should not be eating,” he explained. The MIND diet prioritizes(注重) whole grains, leafy green vegetables, berries, beans and nuts; encourages the consumption of other, non-leafy green vegetables, fish, seafood, poultry and olive oil; allows for limited consumption of red meat and wine; and limits the consumption of fast food, fried food, butter, and sweet foods such as candy. The diet has 10 healthy food groups and 5 unhealthy ones. During the study, Sawyer and his team surveyed 14,145 people, with an average age of 64. Participants(参与者) needed to complete diet questionnaires and were scored based on their eating habits. The low group scored 5 out of 12, the middle 7, and the high 9. Over 10 years, they found that those who followed the MIND diet closely were less likely to develop memory problems. Women participants showed the most benefits. After adjusting for factors like age and health, the researchers found that the high-scoring group had a 4% lower risk of memory issues over 10 years. Among women, the risk dropped by 6%, while less significant change was found in men. “No diet approach is perfect for everyone,” Sawyer said. “Many factors go into this, including personal taste, access to certain types of foods and time available for food preparation. The MIND diet is not about high-quality ingredients(配料) that are not available but those that can be found in all grocery stores. Picking proper foods is the first step to a healthier diet for the mind.” 1.What is a feature of the MIND diet? A. It stresses what to avoid. B. It limits green vegetables. C. It encourages eating less. D. It focuses on what to eat. 2.What were all the participants asked to do? A. Sign up for an exam. B. Answer some questions. C. Do workouts every day. D. Study at a medical school. 3.What did Sawyer recommend for brain health? A. Eating more fresh produce. B. Picking our favourite foods. C. Making better food choices. D. Buying high-quality ingredients. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. A healthy diet. B. A well-received dish. C. A restaurant. D. A survey of daily meals. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由辛辛那提大学的研究人员Russell Sawyer博士领导的一项研究，该研究表明，旨在促进大脑健康的MIND饮食可能有助于减缓或预防与年龄相关的记忆丧失和疾病。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中Sawyer的解释“What I like about the MIND diet is that it is more about what you should be eating and less about what you should not be eating(我喜欢MIND饮食的一点是，它更侧重于你应该吃什么，而不是你不应该吃什么)”可知，MIND饮食的一个特点是它更侧重于应该吃什么。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中“During the study, Sawyer and his team surveyed 14,145 people, with an average age of 64. Participants needed to complete diet questionnaires and were scored based on their eating habits.(在这项研究中，Sawyer和他的团队调查了14145人，平均年龄为64岁。参与者需要完成饮食调查问卷，并根据他们的饮食习惯进行评分)”可知，所有参与者被要求完成饮食问卷，即，回答一些问题。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Sawyer的话“The MIND diet is not about high-quality ingredients that are not available but those that can be found in all grocery stores. Picking proper foods is the first step to a healthier diet for the mind. (MIND饮食不在于那些难以获得的高品质配料，而在于那些在所有杂货店都能找到的配料。选择合适的食物是为大脑选择更健康饮食的第一步)”可推知，Sawyer推荐的是做出更好的食物选择，即，从日常可得的食物中挑选合适的。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A diet designed for brain health may help slow or prevent age-related memory loss and diseases, according to a study led by Dr. Russell Sawyer, a researcher at the University of Cincinnati.(据辛辛那提大学的鲁斯·索耶博士领导的一项研究显示，一种旨在促进大脑健康的饮食可能有助于减缓或预防与年龄相关的记忆丧失和疾病)”以及全文围绕MIND饮食的介绍、研究和建议可知，文章主要是关于一种健康饮食。故选A。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南区昆明第八中学-11月·期中）Guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) and most governments recommend (推荐) that adults do at least 150 minutes per week of moderate (适度的) physical activity or 75 minutes per week of vigorous (剧烈的) physical activity. Plenty of people want to meet this level of exercise but find it difficult to do so because of the busy lives many of us lead. However, a team of researchers has discovered that even if you only have time to exercise once or twice a week, you can still get the same benefits as those who exercise more frequently. The study found that people named “weekend warriors”— in other words, those who shorten their exercise to just Saturday or Sunday — can lose the same amount of weight as those who exercise every day as long as they meet the recommendations set out by the WHO. Researchers collected results from more than 9,600 volunteers, aged between 20 and 59 years old, who took part in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2011 and 2018.The team examined the volunteers’ general body fat using a special technique and through other measurements such as BMI. Next, they explored the connection between these and physical activity levels, using data from three groups: inactive, “weekend warriors” and frequently active. Results showed that the “weekend warriors” and the frequently active volunteers had lower body fat and lower BMIs. The research team believes their findings will be especially welcomed by people whose jobs mean they sit for most of the day. “The weekend warrior method is worth recommending to people who cannot meet the recommended frequency in the guidelines,” said lead author Lihua Zhang, a healthcare scientist at Fuwai Hospital and professor at Peking Union Medical College in Beijing, China. “Our study could offer them another choice to keep fit.” “The key message is that people should be active in any way that suits their lifestyle,” said Dr. Beverly Tchang, assistant professor at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York. “All kinds of exercise are welcome, whether that be running, hiking, cycling, climbing, or other choices.” 1.What does the underlined word “benefits” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Feelings. B. Problems. C. Services. D. Advantages. 2.Of the following people, who would most welcome the study findings? A. Tour guides. B. Taxi drivers. C. School teachers. D. Traffic policemen. 3.What is Lihua Zhang’s attitude towards the weekend warrior method? A. Carefree. B. Doubtful. C. Supportive. D. Uncertain. 4.What is the main focus of Dr. Beverly Tchang words? A. Daily exercise matters. B. Running is the best choice. C. Any activity is better than none. D. Small lifestyle changes will work. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. C　4. C 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章指出WHO建议成人每周达到一定运动量，而研究发现“周末集中运动”者与常运动者减脂、控 BMI 效果相当，该方法受久坐人群欢迎，专家建议以适合自身的方式运动。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) and most governments recommend (推荐) that adults do at least 150 minutes per week of moderate (适度的) physical activity or 75 minutes per week of vigorous (剧烈的) physical activity. Plenty of people want to meet this level of exercise but find it difficult to do so because of the busy lives many of us lead.(世界卫生组织（WHO）和大多数政府的指导方针建议成年人每周至少进行150分钟的适度体育活动或每周75分钟的剧烈体育活动。很多人都想达到这种水平的锻炼，但却发现很难做到，因为我们很多人都过着忙碌的生活)”提到WHO 建议成人每周达到一定运动量，很多人因忙碌难以实现。以及划线单词句中“…even if you only have time to exercise once or twice a week, you can still get the same benefits as those who exercise more frequently.( 即使你每周只有时间锻炼一到两次，你仍然可以得到和那些经常锻炼的人一样的benefits)”指出“每周运动 1-2 次”与“更频繁运动”能获得相同“benefits”，结合后文“减重、体脂和BMI更低”的具体结果，可推断“benefits”指“好处、优势”，和D选项“Advantages(优势)”意思相近。故选D项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段“The research team believes their findings will be especially welcomed by people whose jobs mean they sit for most of the day.(研究小组认为，他们的研究结果会特别受到那些工作意味着一天中大部分时间都要坐着的人的欢迎)”可推知，研究结果特别受“工作中大部分时间久坐的人”欢迎。出租车司机（Taxi drivers）工作时需长时间坐在驾驶座，符合“久坐”特征。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第六段““The weekend warrior method is worth recommending to people who cannot meet the recommended frequency in the guidelines,” said lead author Lihua Zhang, a healthcare scientist at Fuwai Hospital and professor at Peking Union Medical College in Beijing, China. “Our study could offer them another choice to keep fit.”(“周末战士法值得推荐给那些不能达到指南推荐频率的人，”该研究的第一作者、中国北京阜外医院的医疗科学家、北京协和医学院教授张丽华说。“我们的研究可以为他们提供另一种保持健康的选择。”)”可推知，她认为周末战士运动方式值得推广，这也是一种保持健康的选择，即她对该方式持支持态度。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段““The key message is that people should be active in any way that suits their lifestyle,” said Dr. Beverly Tchang, assistant professor at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York. “All kinds of exercise are welcome, whether that be running, hiking, cycling, climbing, or other choices.”(“关键的信息是，人们应该以任何适合自己生活方式的方式进行运动，”纽约威尔康奈尔医学院（Weill Cornell Medicine）的助理教授Beverly Tchang博士说。“各种运动都是受欢迎的，无论是跑步、徒步旅行、骑自行车、登山还是其他选择。”)”可推知，Beverly Tchang博士的主要关注点是她认为任何运动都比不动好。故选C项。 主题语境05 人与自然-灾害防范 （25-26高一上·云南楚雄·期中）Recent winter storms have brought heavy rain and snow to California. This increase in snowpack has delayed the start of the wildfire season. Experts believe the fire season may be milder than usual, but conditions could change by July. For now, fire activity in Southern California is expected to be below normal in May and June, while Northern California is likely to have an average fire season. Statewide, the wet season has been longer than usual, and more rain and snow may continue into April or early May. Lower elevations (海拔) are green and wet, while higher elevations are covered in snow. The deeper the snowpack, the longer it takes to melt (融化). This slows down the drying of vegetation and delays warm weather. In years with above-average snowpack, Northern California has seen fewer acres burned. However, climate change is affecting fire patterns (模式). Fires are now reaching higher elevations where snow once prevented them. Some areas have fewer trees to protect snow from the sun, causing faster melting and shifting the risk from floods to droughts. Rising temperatures are also pushing the snow line higher, making forests more likely to burn in summer. Some desert regions, which received extra rain, have grown more grass. Once these dry out by late spring, they could fuel wildfires, like the York Fire — the state’s largest fire in 2023. Additionally, winds play a key role in spreading wildfires. Forecasters expect fewer strong offshore winds, partly due to El Niño. However, sudden weather changes could still lead to major fires. Dry lightning, unexpected heat or rapid shifts in rainfall can turn a mild fire season into a severe one. Within this long-term change, research suggests that burned areas in California could grow by 50% from 2031 to 2050 due to climate change. While some years may see fewer fires, overall, rising temperatures and drier conditions are making wildfires more common. 1.What does the underlined word “delayed” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Referred to. B. Sped up. C. Put off. D. Longed for. 2.What can we know from paragraph 2? A. Forest fires always hit California in early May. B. The wet season is likely to last for a short time. C. It has been years since California saw heavy rain. D. California expects a late start to the wildfire season. 3.Why does the author mention the York Fire in 2023? A. To remind us to stop human error. B. To show the danger of the dry grass. C. To explain it hardly rains in the desert. D. To sound the alarm about global warming. 4.What does research suggest about California wildfires? A. Their likelihood will largely increase. B. They will probably drop by 50% in 2031. C. It takes time to put them under control. D. They are mainly caused by human activities. 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍加州冬季暴雨暴雪延缓山火季，同时分析气候变暖、植被等因素对山火风险的影响。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Recent winter storms have brought heavy rain and snow to California. This increase in snowpack has delayed the start of the wildfire season.(最近的冬季风暴给加州带来了暴雨和暴雪。积雪量的增加delayed山火季的开始)”及常识可知，积雪会让山火季推迟，故delayed意为“推迟”。C选项“Put off(推迟)”符合题意。故选 C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“For now, fire activity in Southern California is expected to be below normal in May and June, while Northern California is likely to have an average fire season. Statewide, the wet season has been longer than usual, and more rain and snow may continue into April or early May. Lower elevations (海拔) are green and wet, while higher elevations are covered in snow.(目前，南加州5月和6月的山火活动预计将低于正常水平，而北加州可能会经历一个平均强度的山火季。全州范围内，雨季比往常更长，更多的降雨和降雪可能会持续到4月或5月初。低海拔地区草木葱郁、湿度充足，而高海拔地区则被积雪覆盖。)”可知，从第二段我们可以知道加州预计野火季开始较晚。故选D。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Some desert regions, which received extra rain, have grown more grass. Once these dry out by late spring, they could fuel wildfires, like the York Fire — the state’s largest fire in 2023.(一些沙漠地区降雨量增加，长出了更多的草。一旦这些草在晚春干旱，就可能引发山火，比如 2023 年该州最大的山火 —— 约克山火)”可知，作者提到约克山火是为了说明干旱的草会引发山火，体现干草的危险性。故选 B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Within this long-term change, research suggests that burned areas in California could grow by 50% from 2031 to 2050 due to climate change. While some years may see fewer fires, overall, rising temperatures and drier conditions are making wildfires more common.(在这种长期变化中，研究表明，由于气候变化，2031年至2050年，加州的山火燃烧面积可能会增加50%。虽然有些年份山火可能会减少，但总体而言，气温上升和干旱条件正使山火变得更加普遍)”可知，研究表明加州山火发生的可能性将大幅增加。故选 A。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高一上·云南昆明实验中学·期中）“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” But now scientists have given us another warning: too much play with smartphones or computers makes you dull too. “Many focus on the benefits of digital devices (设备) in education but ignore the costs,” said Patricia Greenfield from the University of California, “losing the ability to understand the emotions of other people is one of the costs.” Greenfield and her research team did an experiment. They worked with 105 children who spend about 4.5 hours in front of screens on a school day. The students were asked to describe the emotions towards the pictures of people who were happy, sad, angry or scared. Then, half of them attended a five-day nature and science camp. There they had no smartphones, TV, or computers. The other half stayed in school and spent the five days as usual. Five days later, all the children took the test again. Students who had been to the camp got about 5 percent more answers correct than they had done before the camp. But the other group of students didn’t show much improvement. The study is not perfect in some ways, said the researchers. But scientists say that the study is still a warning for us. “Emotional skills develop in practice and the brain develops through real interaction,” said Professor Taylor, a professor at the University of San Francisco. Researchers talked to 2,000 parents of children aged 2 — 16 in the UK about what activities their children could do confidently. The results were surprising: their children could use a tablet (平板电脑) (59%) and work a mobile phone (57%) more confidently than they could tie their shoe laces (鞋带) (53%)! So, spend more time away from mobile phones and computers if you want to be an understanding friend, and not a member of what the Daily Mail called “Generation Helpless”. 1.According to Professor Greenfield, what’s the possible result of using digital media in education? A. Being on bad terms with family members. B. Making more mistakes when taking exams. C. Falling far behind others in all schoolwork. D. Failing to relate to other people’s emotions. 2.What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The background of the experiment B. The process of the experiment C. The results of the experiment D. The purpose of the experiment 3.What do scientists think of the results of Greenfield’s experiment? A. They are alarming for people. B. They are far from perfect. C. They are quite surprising. D. They don’t need to be improved. 4.What’s the purpose of writing the text? A. To warn us to stay away from the Internet. B. To explain how people become the Internet addicts. C. To advise children to spend less time on screens. D. To show digital devices are essential for modern education. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家对于人们长期接触电子产品造成的影响的测试。通过对不同组学生参与不同的活动以后的情感测试，得出结果：长期接触电子产品会让人缺失一些情感因素以及降低对他人的理解能力。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Many focus on the benefits of digital devices (设备) in education but ignore the costs,” said Patricia Greenfield from the University of California, “losing the ability to understand the emotions of other people is one of the costs.”(加利福尼亚大学的Patricia Greenfield说：“许多人都把注意力集中在数字设备在教育中的好处上，却忽视了它的代价。失去理解他人情绪的能力就是代价之一。”)”可知，根据Greenfield教授的说法，在教育中使用数字设备会导致无法理解他人的情感。故选D。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第二段“They worked with 105children who spend about 4.5hours in front of screens on a school day. The students were asked to describe the emotions towards the pictures of people who were happy, sad, angry or scared. Then, half of them attended a five-day nature and science camp. There they had no smartphones, TV, or computers. The other half stayed in school and spent the five days as usual. Five days later, all the children took the test again.(他们对105个孩子进行了研究，这些孩子每天在屏幕前呆4.5个小时。学生们被要求描述看到快乐、悲伤、愤怒或害怕的人的照片时的情绪。然后，他们中的一半人参加了为期五天的自然科学营。在那里，他们没有智能手机、电视或电脑。另一半留在学校，像往常一样度过这五天。五天后，所有的孩子又参加了一次测试。)”可知，第二段主要讲了实验的过程。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The study is not perfect in some ways, said the researchers. But scientists say that the study is still a warning for us.(研究人员说，这项研究在某些方面并不完美。但科学家们表示，这项研究仍然是对我们的一个警告。)”可知，科学家们认为Greenfield教授的实验结果给人警告。故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“But now scientists have given us another warning: too much play with smartphones or computers makes you dull too.(但现在科学家们给了我们另一个警告:过度玩智能手机或电脑也会让你变得无聊。)”并结合文章主要介绍了科学家对于人们长期接触电子产品造成的影响的测试，通过对不同组学生参加不同的活动以后的情感测试，结果显示：长期接触电子产品会让人缺失一些情感因素以及降低对他人的理解能力可知，本文的目的是建议孩子减少和电子屏幕接触的时间。故选C。 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高一上·云南玉溪第一中学·期中）It may seem hard to believe, but snacking several times a day can improve your health and fitness — exercise snacking, that is. “Exercise snacks” are short bursts of activity — 30 seconds to 5 or 10 minutes max — that include almost any type of movement. Think climbing stairs, walking, cycling, or dancing. Today, many studies prove these mini workouts can make a difference. Doing 15-to 30-second exercise snacks three times daily was shown to improve cardiorespiratory (心和肺的) fitness levels and exercise abilities in inactive adults, according to a small January 2022 study published in the journal Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. Adults who reported they didn’t do exercise saw a 17% to 18% drop of cancer cases after they began doing just 3.4 to 3.6 minutes of intense (激烈的) physical activity daily, a July 2023 study of 22,398 people found. Their daily physical activity was done in bursts lasting less than one or two minutes. Hitting 4.5 minutes (in total) of intense physical activity each day was connected with a 31% to 32% lower risk of cancer, according to the study published in JAMA Oncology. The advantages of movement also include brain health. Doing even a small amount of easy to hard physical activity every day lowers your risk of dementia (痴呆), according to a March study in JAMDA: The Journal of the Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medical Association. Exercise snacks are a favorite tool used by Dr. Supatra Tovar, owner of Dr. Supatra Tovar & Associates. “I’m a big proponent of behavior change that starts tiny,” Tovar said. “So I like to create behaviors with my customers that are easy, achievable and doable every day of the week.” “Your body is kind of lazy,” said Michael Betts, a personal trainer and director at Train Fitness who’s based in London. “Doing these little exercise snacks reminds your body that it does need to work to keep and improve its overall health.” 1.What can be called an exercise snack according to the text? A. Singing songs with your classmates. B. Turning off the lights before leaving school. C. Jogging without stopping for 20 minutes. D. Rushing to the dining hall for lunch after class. 2.What is one good thing that exercise snacks bring according to the text? A. Lowering cancer risk. B. Improving muscle strength. C. Keeping people away from dementia. D. Improving the heart rate of inactive adults. 3.What does the underlined word “proponent” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Researcher. B. Judge. C. Supporter. D. Explorer. 4.Which of the following may Michael Betts agree? A. Exercise snacks are necessary. B. More daily exercise is needed. C. The body dislikes being active. D. Long workouts are better. 【答案】1. D　2. A　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“运动零食”的概念，通过多项研究证实其对健康的益处，并引用专家观点说明这种运动方式简单可行，能帮助人们轻松养成运动习惯。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中““Exercise snacks” are short bursts of activity — 30 seconds to 5 or 10 minutes max — that include almost any type of movement. Think climbing stairs, walking, cycling, or dancing. (“运动零食”是短时间的活动 —— 最多30秒到5或10分钟—— 几乎包括任何类型的动作。比如爬楼梯、散步、骑自行车或跳舞。)”可知，“运动零食”是短时间的身体活动（最长 5-10 分钟）。D选项“下课后冲向食堂吃午饭”属于短时间的身体活动，可以算是一种“运动零食”，因为它涉及到了快速行走这一运动。故选D项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Adults who reported they didn’t do exercise saw a 17% to 18% drop of cancer cases after they began doing just 3.4 to 3.6 minutes of intense (激烈的) physical activity daily, a July 2023 study of 22,398 people found. Their daily physical activity was done in bursts lasting less than one or two minutes. Hitting 4.5 minutes (in total) of intense physical activity each day was connected with a 31% to 32% lower risk of cancer, according to the study published in JAMA Oncology. 2023年7月一项针对22,398人的研究发现，那些称自己不锻炼的成年人，在开始每天仅进行3.4到3.6分钟的高强度体育活动后，癌症病例减少了17%到18%。他们的日常体育活动是以每次持续不到一两分钟的爆发形式进行的。发表在《美国医学会肿瘤学杂志》上的这项研究显示，每天进行总计4.5分钟的高强度体育活动，可使患癌风险降低31%到32%。)”可知，运动零食可以降低癌症风险。故选A项。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句“I’m a big proponent of behavior change that starts tiny (我非常支持从小处着手的行为改变)”以及“So I like to create behaviors with my customers that are easy, achievable and doable every day of the week. (所以我喜欢和我的客户一起创造一些简单、可行且每周每天都能做到的行为。)”可知，Tovar医生非常支持从小处着手的行为改变，喜欢和客户一起创造简单、可行且每天都能做到的行为。由此推知，画线词意思是“支持者”。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Michael Betts所说的“Doing these little exercise snacks reminds your body that it does need to work to keep and improve its overall health. (做这些小小的“运动零食”会提醒你的身体，它确实需要通过活动来维持并改善整体健康状况。)”可知，他认为“运动零食”能提醒身体维持和改善整体健康。因此，他应是认可“运动零食是必要的”这一观点。故选 A 项。 主题语境03 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 （25-26高一上·云南玉溪师范学院附属中学-11月·期中）Growing up with movies such as “High School Musical” and “Grease”, which presented the ideal(理想的)high school friendships, we sometimes expect a perfect relationship. Indeed, some high school friendships can be real and simple; while still some high school students will meet a friend who causes trouble. With failed friendships come lessons and experiences learned for the future. You will know the influence after you leave high school. “I was always worried about what my friends thought about me. Sometimes my friends would make fun of what I wore or what I would do. I always tried to get along well with them, but I realized how happy I was once I stopped contacting them after high school,” said Elisha, Class of 2020. Most teens have not realized the big question when dealing with high school problems. In five years, will this still matter? It is hard looking at the big picture when the problems are in front of you, which is understandable. However, most teens need a moment to reflect (反思) and question if the problem matters in a long time. Briana, a high school teacher, said, “Now, I am in contact with two high school friends. I think the friendship experiences I had in high school shaped who I am because I learned to be open minded and befriend all kinds of people. I learned to see people for who they are, not what they wear or who they play with. I learned most of all how to be a good friend.” High school is a small part of your life, but it has a huge influence on who you will become and where you will go. Friendships and relationships help shape who you are, whether they are good or bad. Lessons are brought, and lessons are learned. 1.Why did the author mention the two movies in the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic of the passage. B. To explain what a high school friendship is. C. To recommend these two movies to readers. D. To attract readers’ attention to these two movies. 2.What did Elisha think of her “friends”? A. They made her unhappy. B. They cared about her behavior. C. They got along well with her. D. They were always worried about her. 3.Why did Briana think her friendship experiences shape her? A. She learned to play with her friends. B. She learned to make different friends. C. She learned to shape her friends’ minds. D. She learned to wear just like her friends. 4.What’s the passage mainly about? A. Failed friendships made teens worried. B. Good friendships greatly influenced teens. C. High school friendships help to shape teens. D. Friendships are difficult for teens to deal with, 【答案】1. A　2. A　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了高中的友谊会塑造青少年。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Indeed, some high school friendships can be real and simple; while still some high school students will meet a friend who causes trouble. With failed friendships come lessons and experiences learned for the future. You will know the influence after you leave high school.(事实上，一些高中友谊是真实而简单的；尽管如此，一些高中生还是会遇到一个惹麻烦的朋友。失败的友谊会给未来带来教训和经验。高中毕业后你会知道影响)”以及下文对高中友谊的论述推知，第一段提到这两部电影是为了引出本文的主题——高中的友谊塑造了青少年。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段Elisha所说的话“I was always worried about what my friends thought about me. Sometimes my friends would make fun of what I wore or what I would do. I always tried to get along well with them, but I realized how happy I was once I stopped contacting them after high school(我总是担心我的朋友们对我的看法。有时我的朋友会取笑我的穿着或我会做什么。我总是努力与他们相处融洽，但我意识到，一旦我高中毕业后不再与他们联系，我是多么高兴)”可知，Elisha认为她的“朋友”让她不开心。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Briana所说的话“I think the friendship experiences I had in high school shaped who I am because I learned to be open minded and befriend all kinds of people(我认为高中时的友谊经历塑造了我的身份，因为我学会了开放的心态，与各种各样的人交朋友)”可知，Briana认为她的友谊塑造了她是因为她学会了与各种各样的人交朋友。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“Indeed, some high school friendships can be real and simple; while still some high school students will meet a friend who causes trouble. With failed friendships come lessons and experiences learned for the future. You will know the influence after you leave high school.(事实上，一些高中友谊是真实而简单的；尽管如此，一些高中生还是会遇到一个惹麻烦的朋友。失败的友谊会给未来带来教训和经验。高中毕业后你会知道影响)”和最后一段“High school is a small part of your life, but it has a huge influence on who you will become and where you will go. Friendships and relationships help shape who you are, whether they are good or bad. Lessons are brought, and lessons are learned.(高中是你生活的一小部分，但它对你将成为谁和你将去哪里有着巨大的影响。朋友和关系有助于塑造你是谁，无论他们是好的还是坏的。带来教训，吸取教训)”可知，本文主要论述了高中的友谊能够帮助塑造青少年，无论好坏。故选C。 主题语境04 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高一上·云南昆明实验中学·期中）Do you know the names of the people who live next door? Chances are you live next to someone, but do you actually know them? Sadly, the only time we do seem to hear about people’s neighbors is when things go wrong — hearing people say things like they have the bad neighbors! So, what does go wrong? When talking about famous feuds (宿仇) with people who live close, you only need to think of the Montagues and Capulets in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. Thankfully, most real-life quarrels don’t go that far. These days, especially in cities, many people live in buildings. Our neighbors are all around us — so what problems can come from that? The first obvious cause of argument is noise pollution. Loud noise through the walls construction (施工), or people arguing next door can disturb the silence of your living space. Asking someone directly to turn the music down can cause you to feel anxious. However, if you get someone like a building manager to speak to your neighbors, it can make things more awkward because you didn’t speak to your neighbors directly. And then what about smells? If your neighbors like eating food with pungent (刺激的) smells, and the smells flow through your window, what can you do? There are some other common problems, such as water running through the wall, pets making noise, and Jittering from the window above you. These can bring anger over time. It’s not easy living next do$ 专题02 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南景东彝族自治县第一中学·期中）Last week, the Los Angeles Unified School District became the largest in US to pass a districtwide cellphone ban (禁止). For teachers, this is great news. For many kids, it’s less welcome. Parents, meanwhile, are conflicted, caught between wanting their children to learn with concentration and worried about losing the easy communication to which they’ve grown used. Smartphones undoubtedly hold back students’ attention to exploring the unknown or close reading a Shakespearean poem. A 2023 study by Common Sense Media showed that teens check their phones more than 100 times a day on average. On top of the hundreds of messages lighting up screens and breaking in class lectures, teens now spend 4.8 hours on social media each day. The study also makes it obviously clear that students have difficulty in controlling their smartphone use, which seriously influences their focus and mental (心理上的) health. Yet many parents remain careful of banning phones during the school day. They are afraid that doing so would cut communication between them and their children-not only when they want to organize pickups or drop-offs but also in case of a sudden serious situation. Schools have managed to operate well without smartphones for centuries. For worried parents, providing their children with non-smartphones might be the best choice; schools might consider whether selective (选择性的) phone bans that allow such devices could work. Or parents could get even more old-fashioned and simply call their school’s office when necessary. The next question for schools is how to ban cellphones. A popular choice is requiring the use of magnetic bags that lock in the morning and unlock when the final bell rings, or in case of dangerous situations. When smartphone bans are done right, they can be helpful to both schools and students. At Bethlehem Central High School near Albany, N. Y., for example, students’ grades have improved since applying a ban last fall. Students are more focused on studies. Parents have even said they’re surprised at the success of the newly phone-free school. 1.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “conflicted” in paragraph 1? A. Supported by both. B. Concerned about the future. C. Not knowing what to do. D. Not good at everything. 2.What does the author mainly want to express in paragraph 2? A. Parents should help their teens control screen time. B. Heavy usage of smartphones badly influences students. C. Texting is a main method of communication for teens. D. It’s important for students to learn Shakespeare’s poems. 3.What can schools do for worried parents according to paragraph 4? A. Allow students to carry non-smartphones. B. Provide old-fashioned phones for them. C. Encourage them to visit the school’s office. D. Set up public phone stations at school for teens. 4.Why is Bethlehem Central High School mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To present the school’s teaching achievements. B. To stress the key to improving students’ studies. C. To explain why parents accept smartphone bans. D. To show smartphone bans can make a difference. Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南会泽县实验高中学校·期中）Nowadays, handwriting seems to become less necessary, for young children learn to tap and touch screens before they have even learned to pick up a pencil or tie their shoelaces. Most of our written communication is done through texting on mobile phones or typing on a keyboard. And voice recognition softwares are becoming more and more advanced — making even keyboards unnecessary! So, are handwriting skills important to your child? Actually, handwriting is an exercise in eye-hand coordination (协调), an important part of visual-motor (视觉运动) skills, which are connected with achievements in study. Scientists found that developing fine visual-motor skills in early childhood can lead to not only writing success, but better performance in reading and math in elementary school. It was also found that kids who fail to write neatly and efficiently are often accused of being lazy, and this may affect their behavior and self-worth. Moreover, a study showed that when a group of children were asked to come up with ideas for an article, the ones with better handwriting were more active and had quicker minds. In some ways, handwriting helps their brains’ development. The first attempts at writing can be challenging for pre-school children — whose fine motor skills are not yet fully developed. But some skills to prepare for handwriting are simple to build at home and in preschool. Parents should provide lots of opportunities for kids to copy and draw shapes and simple pictures in early childhood before letters are introduced. Let your child copy your shapes in sand, or with chalks on a board before trying to draw the shapes on their own. Encourage your child to spend less time on electronic devices and more time on activities to improve eye-hand coordination. Let’s face it — technology is certain to continue developing and more research is needed to find the best ways to teach handwriting to young children. But, there’s plenty of evidence that the handwriting practice can provide young children with a good start in developing skills needed for a healthy and successful journey in school. 1.According to Paragraph 1, handwriting is . A. easy to learn on a touch screen B. used less frequently now C. more difficult than typewriting D. totally replaced by softwares 2.How does the author explain the benefits of handwriting? A. By presenting some research findings. B. By mentioning examples of the kids around him. C. By giving some news reports on hand-writing. D. By providing data about pupils with good grades. 3.What does the author suggest parents do? A. Keep young children away from electronic devices. B. Teach pre-school children to write letters with chalks. C. Help children get ready for handwriting before school. D. Encourage children to face writing challenges bravely. 4.What can be the best title for the text? A. Does poor handwriting really mean being lazy? B. Should handwriting be taken seriously in children’s growth? C. How can handwriting affect children’s self-confidence? D. Should homework be done through handwriting or typewriting? 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高一上·云南昆明官渡区第一中学·期中）ChatGPT has quickly become popular around the world because of its advanced conversational abilities. It can answer questions, do translations, give the main idea of articles and even write codes (代码) for a computer program. It is as good as a human inside a computer. ChatGPT is making life very convenient. A time might come when people hand it some articles and it makes a well-made report. That could, however, mean job losses. After all, if a computer program can write codes, then it would make a programmer lose his job. That may be a worry, but it is still too early to worry about that. ChatGPT has more advanced learning features, but it still follows the same technological way. Its biggest advantage lies in the ability to turn words into a language from an ocean of data, but it's still not that creative. AI can quickly draw a picture, but that picture will be based on pictures that it has seen. It can also write books about the future, but the books will be based on articles about the future that it has read. In comparison, a human brain imagines the future and then tries hard to realize it. AI can imagine a future with faster spaceships, but it can't imagine a world of space as humans can. So there is no need to worry too much. By being creative there will be plenty of chances for humans to win over AI. 1.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. The world. B. ChatGPT. C. A computer. D. A program. 2.How is the fourth paragraph developed? A. By telling stories. B. By giving examples. C. By listing numbers. D. By making comparisons. 3.Which is the biggest advantage of ChatGPT according to the passage? A. It has its own creativity. B. It has conversational abilities. C. It has more advanced learning features. D. It has the ability to turn words into a language. 4.In which part can you find the passage in a newspaper? A. Sports. B. Science. C. Education. D. Business. 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南景东彝族自治县第一中学·期中）When you have trouble sleeping, you might try different things to help. One unique but effective option that’s gaining popularity is using weighted blankets (毯子). This can help you relax. It’s a simple way to reduce anxiety and sleep better, and many people are finding it. About 32% of Americans don’t get the recommended amount of sleep, which is at least 7 hours a night, according to experts. Sleep troubles affect as many as 35% of adults occasionally, with 10% facing chronic (长期的) challenges in falling and staying asleep. Weighted blankets function similarly to swaddling (包裹) a baby, providing a comforting feeling. Using a weighted blanket helps your heart, your breath and your body give off feel-good hormones (激素). This, in turn, reduces anxiety and contributes to a more peaceful sleep. The weight of these blankets ranges from 5 to 30 pounds, which sounds like a lot but is spread out over the entire bed, making it manageable and comfortable. In 2020, eight studies found that weighted blankets had a calming effect on individuals. That same year, a study in Sweden surveyed 120 people who were struggling with sleeplessness and sadness. Those who used weighted blankets reported better sleep quality and less daytime tiredness, anxiety and sadness. Sleep experts suggest using these blankets to achieve better sleep. Alanna McGinn, a lead sleep expert, highlights their effectiveness in addressing sleep-related issues. However, those with specific medical conditions, particularly blood disorders, should seek guidance from a healthcare provider before using a weighted blanket. “And if you’re someone who gets a little claustrophobic (患幽闭恐怖症的), it’s probably not the best thing for you,” adds Alanna McGinn. These blankets may not be suitable for you as the added weight can increase discomfort. In a word, try a weighted blanket — science says its gentle hug can unlock deeper sleep and brighter days. 1.What is the benefit of using a weighted blanket according to the text? A. It helps you lose weight. B. It makes your bed warmer. C. It helps people with blood disorders. D. It reduces anxiety and improves sleep. 2.How heavy can weighted blankets be? A. 1 to 5 pounds. B. 5 to 30 pounds. C. 30 to 50 pounds. D. Over 30 pounds. 3.What did the study in Sweden show about people using weighted blankets? A. They felt more awake at night. B. They had more dreams. C. They reported better sleep. D. They stopped using other sleep aids. 4.Who should be careful or avoid using weighted blankets? A. People who sleep alone. B. People who sleep too much. C. People who like light blankets. D. People with certain medical conditions. Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南石屏县第一中学·期中）Good morning, everyone! Take a moment to look around. I know that sometimes, the learning journey can feel stressed. Today, I want to share a simple blueprint to help you not just live, but live truly well. First, let’s talk about attitude — and the power of one small word, “yet.” Your mindset (心态) shapes everything. Ever say, “I’m not good at math,” or “I can’t understand English.” I challenge you to add one word, “yet.” “I’m not good at math yet.” That word “yet” turns a dead end into a path of growth. It means your abilities aren’t fixed — they can grow with effort and strategy. See challenges as opportunities to grow stronger. Second, your method matters: be active, not passive. Your brain needs to understand information to keep it. Instead of just rereading, try this: after a chapter, close the book and write down what you remember. This is called “retrieval practice,” and it’s far more effective. Also, connect new knowledge to what you already know — build a web of understanding, not just a list of facts. Finally, a key skill: how to improve your listening. Many of you find listening challenging, especially in English. Here’s a practical three-step method: A1. Start with the gist: Don’t try to catch every word. First, listen for the main idea. What’s the topic? What’s the overall message? A2. Focus on keywords: Listen again, this time picking out keywords — names, dates, verbs. These are the key points of meaning. A3. Listen actively with the transcript: If you have a transcript, listen a third time while reading. Notice how the words form full sentences. This bridges sound and structure. Remember, improvement is a journey, not a destination. Cultivate a growth mindset, use active learning strategies, and practice again and again. You have the power to shape your own intelligence (才智). Now, time to go showing the world what you’re made of. Thank you for your attention! 1.What does the underlined word “blueprint” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. A final plan that cannot be changed. B. A drawing of a building’s structure. C. A list of materials needed for a task. D. A detailed guide or set of instructions. 2.What is the main purpose of adding the word “yet” to a statement, according to the speech? A. To signal that you will give up a difficult task. B. To indicate that a skill is not important to learn. C. To transform a fixed mindset into a growth mindset. D. To sound more polite when admitting a weakness. 3.What is the recommended (被推荐的) FIRST step when trying to improve listening skills? A. Listen for the general main idea. B. Read the transcript while listening. C. Try to understand every single word. D. Listen for specific keywords and verbs. 4.Which of the following best describes the overall tone (总体语气) of this speech? A. Strict and Critical. B. Encouraging and practical. C. Formal and objective. D. Humorous and amazing. Passage 3 （25-26高一上·云南宣威第三中学·期中）English is full of funny expressions that don’t always make sense. Idioms are phrases and sentences that do not mean exactly what they say. Even if you know the meaning of each word, you may not understand the idiom because you don’t understand the culture behind it. Here are some English idioms based on animals. When children jump around and act silly, their parents may tell them to stop “monkeying around”.To “monkey around” means to do things that are not useful or serious, or to simply waste time. Many American families have and love pet dogs. But for some unknown reason, Americans use “dog” in a phrase that means to feel unwell. If you are “as sick as a dog”, you’re really, really sick. Sometimes you may also hear cats mentioned in conversations, “I told you to keep that secret, but you have just ‘let the cat out of the bag’!” You probably guessed it — that idiom means to reveal a secret or tell facts that were previously unknown. Dogs and cats don’t always get along, but they appear side by side in a commonly used idiom. When it rains heavily, people might say it’s “raining cats and dogs”． Heavy rain often ruins people’s plans for outdoor activities. But on a lovely day, you can have a picnic. If a swarm (一群) of tiny bugs love your food and start to hover (盘旋) around you, it would be really annoying. That experience perfectly explains why people often tell someone who keeps bothering them to “stop bugging me”． Idioms are very common in both spoken and written English. If you want to have a better understanding of English, you have to learn idioms. 1.According to Paragraph 1, which is right about idioms? A. Expressions which are based on animals. B. Expressions with rich cultural background. C. Expressions that always make sense. D. Expressions which are easy to understand. 2.What can “monkeying around” be used to describe? A. Children jump around and waste time. B. Children do something useful and serious. C. Children play with monkeys with their parents. D. Children spend time playing with their family pets. 3.What can be learned from the text? A. Dogs and cats always get along nicely. B. Bugs can be used to show your annoyance. C. Americans believe cats can give away secrets. D. Americans use the idiom “as sick as a dog” to describe a healthy man. 4.How does the text mainly develop? A. By sharing experiences. B. By making comparisons. C. By giving examples. D. By listing figures. Passage 4 （25-26高一上·云南石屏县第一中学·期中）Many teachers believe doing quizzes (小测验) often helps students better understand classroom material. Crede, an associate professor of psychology, was doubtful that something as simple as a quiz could positively influence students’ learning performance. He decided to look deeper into the existing research to see if this idea was true. What he discovered truly surprised him. Crede researched data from the studies before that examined 52 classes with almost 8,000 students, primarily college-level courses, to see if frequent (频繁的) quizzes improved the students’ study performance. Laboratory settings were kept out of the study because Crede wanted to observe whether similar studies from labs would apply to general classrooms. Crede discovered that when students were quizzed over class materials at least once a week, they were likely to perform better on midterm and final exams compared to students who did not take quizzes. He also found that students who took frequent quizzes were less likely to fail the class, especially if they had difficulty in the course. Students who are having the hardest time in a class seem to benefit (受益) the greatest from frequent quizzes. The other surprising thing was how much quizzes helped reduce failure in classes. The chances of passing a class went through the roof where teachers used this. In addition to quiz frequency, another thing that seemed to positively influence students’ performance was immediate response from teachers. Also, quizzes that required students to answer with written words were more beneficial to their understanding of class materials compared to questions with several choices. Asking teachers to grade written quizzes daily or weekly may prevent some from carrying them out in their classes. Instead, it is recommended that teachers give online quizzes that can be graded by a course management system. Quizzes proved not big or valuable enough to be considered important in the study, including whether the tests were pop quizzes or planned, or if they were online or on paper. 1.Why did Crede start his research on quizzes? A. He wanted to prove teachers’ idea about quizzes was right. B. He doubted whether quizzes could help students learn better. C. He was asked to study the influence of quizzes on teaching. D. He found existing research on quizzes was not detailed. 2.What did Crede find about frequent quizzes? A. They benefited only hard-working students. B. They helped all students get higher scores. C. They taught students to find suitable class material. D. They helped students perform better on major exams. 3.What suggestion is made for teachers using quizzes? A. Avoid written-answer questions. B. Use online systems for quiz grading. C. Give pop quizzes instead of planned ones. D. Let students grade their own written quizzes. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Quizzes: The Secret to Better Grades B. Final Exams: A Game Changer for Learning C. Learning: Choose a Good Class Material D. Grading Tools: A New Helper for Teachers Passage 5 （25-26高一上·云南会泽县实验高中学校·期中）We’re all familiar with the feeling — it usually starts with a little itch (痒) deep inside the nose. Next comes the awareness that it’s going to happen. Then, achoo! Air erupts out of our nose at an astonishing 100 miles per hour, bursting out whatever was causing the itch. The high-pressure from a sneeze (喷嚏) has led some people to think that if we didn’t close our eyes, they could pop out. For decades, countless people have tested the theory. Upon finding it almost impossible to keep their eyes open while sneezing, many have concluded that the theory must be true. If you try it yourself, the chances are that your eyes are still where they belong. That’s because they are held firmly by the muscles (肌肉) in the eyes. Furthermore, increased pressure from sneezing actually builds up in the blood vessels (血管) in your nose, which may cause vessels to break but is less likely to cause the eyeballs to pop out. Why did this theory start, anyway? Some say that it all began in 1882, when the New York Times reported an incident of a woman who burst one of her eyeballs during a sudden sneeze. Others point at the fact that different high-pressure experiences, such as a childbirth, can cause blood vessels in the eyes to pop. Still others say that closing our eyes when we sneeze shows the theory is true. Scientists, on the other hand, explain that we close our eyes for the same reason we sneeze — to prevent unwanted things from entering our bodies. Either way, as far as we know, there are no actual recorded cases of anyone losing an eyeball because of a sneeze, so don’t lose any sleep over it! 1.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 1? A. The cause of a sneeze. B. The danger of sneezing. C. The importance of a sneeze. D. The experience of sneezing. 2.Why won’t eyeballs pop out while people are sneezing? A. Because they are fixed firmly in the eyes. B. Because high pressure builds up in the eyes. C. Because increased pressure prevents them from popping out. D. Because they are held strongly by blood vessels. 3.What can we infer from the text? A. Sneezes usually cause an itchy nose. B. People sneeze to burst out unwanted things. C. The high pressure caused by a sneeze will be released through breathing. D. People close their eyes when sneezing to stop their eyeballs from popping out. 4.Where is the text most likely from? A. A book review. B. A travel brochure. C. A magazine. D. A research report. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南·期中）Are you an “I person” or an “E person”? These two personality labels in particular are widely discussed online. They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. All of the results have four letters, and there are 16 results in total. “I” and “E” refer to “introverted” and “extroverted” respectively. Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I” person can still be outgoing at times. For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person. According to psychologists, this idea of temporarily switching personalities is called “masking”. That is hiding your true personality in specific situations. “Human beings want to feel they belong, and they might become people - pleasers to do so,” wrote the MasterClass website. Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day - to - day travel plan when I remembered from an article that “P people” don’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’.” “Why?” She asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do?” It was then that I realized I’d taken the result too seriously. The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is — for fun. Knowing someone’s MBTI result doesn’t mean you really know this person. And those four letters of yours don’t define who you are. 1.In which of the following situations an “I” person may perform more sociably? A. Having a conversation with an “E” person. B. Wanting to feel someone’s sense of belonging. C. Taking the personality test and accepting its result. D. Staying with some friends with similar personalities. 2.What does the underlined word “masking” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Pleasing. B. Escaping. C. Pretending. D. Controlling. 3.What does the author want to tell us by the example in paragraph 4? A. The MBTI result is of great help to identify a person. B. A “P” person is unwilling to make or stick to plans. C. People need to follow the advice of the MBTI test. D. Don’t take the MBTI result too seriously all the time. 4.What does the author think of the MBTI personality test? A. It’s a good choice for a conversation starter. B. It’s a must to quickly get to know a new friend. C. It’s a perfect way to show your true personality. D. It’s an effective means of predicting people’s behavior. Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）The idea of teenagers traveling alone has sparked a heated debate in recent years. Some people argue it’s an excellent way for teens to develop independence, while other people express significant concerns about their safety. Let’s explore both sides of this argument. Supporters of teen solo travel argue that it builds important life skills. When teens plan a trip, book tickets, and explore new places on their own, they learn to solve problems and make decisions. For example, a 17-year-old named Alex traveled alone to Japan last summer and stayed with a local host family arranged by his school. “I had to figure out how to use the subway, order food in a language I didn’t know, and even help the host family (寄宿家庭) prepare traditional miso soup,” he said, “it was challenging, but I grew so much from the experience — like learning to ask for help when I was lost.” Traveling alone also helps teens gain confidence and learn about different cultures in person. On the other hand, critics raise valid concerns about safety. Teens are easier to get hurt by risks like getting lost, being cheated, or facing emergencies without an adult’s help. A recent report by the National Travel Safety Organization indicated that teenagers traveling alone report encountering issues such as missed transportation or minor health concerns at a significantly higher rate than adults. “While independence is important, teens still need guidance and support,” says travel expert Ms. Johnson. “A balanced approach, combining independent exploration with appropriate adult help, is often more advisable.” Another point to consider is the impact on family relationships. Some parents feel anxious when their teens travel alone, which can lead to arguments. However, supporters argue that open communication can solve this. “My parents were worried at first, but we talked about safety plans, like sharing my daily schedule and calling them every night, and checked in daily,” Alex explained. “They ended up being proud of me when I came back and shared stories of my trip.” In conclusion, teen solo travel has both benefits and drawbacks. It can develop independence and cultural understanding, but it also comes with safety risks. The key is to find a middle ground — teens can start with short, well-planned trips and gradually take on more responsibility as they prove they can deal with challenges. Finally, with proper preparation and support, solo travel can be a valuable experience that helps teens grow into confident, capable adults. 1.What does the underlined word “concerns” mean in Paragraph 1? A. worries. B. interests C. advances D. attractions 2.What does Alex’s experience in Paragraph 2 show? A. Japan is perfect for teens’ solo travel. B. Japanese is easy to learn for travelers. C. Solo travel helps develop practical skills. D. Host families solve all the travel problems. 3.What do critics worry about most in Paragraph 3? A. Safety risks. B. High travel costs. C. Poor academic performance. D. Cultural adaptation problems. 4.What advice does the author give in the last paragraph? A. Let teens travel only with adults. B. Start with short, well-planned trips. C. Ban teens’ solo travel completely. D. Let teens travel only to familiar cities. 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）The 187-foot-tall Tower of Pisa is famous all over the world mainly because it leans (倾斜). For many years, people believed that the tower’s designer designed it to lean. However, the tower’s lean is an accident caused by poor planning. It was built on a riverbed of sand and soil that was not strong enough to support a building so tall and heavy. Building started in 1173. Because of several wars, it wasn’t finished until 1350. Only a few years after it was started, people could see that the first three floors were already leaning. When the next three floors were added, builders tried to correct the lean by making one side higher than the other on purpose. But this made the tower lean in the opposite (相反的) direction. Luckily, the long delays (耽搁) in building gave the tower time to sink and the ground to become compacted (结实的). This made the ground base stronger, which is the main reason the tower never fell down. For hundreds of years, the tower was slowly leaning more—about one more inch every 20 years. In the end, in 1990, it was closed to the public. People were worried that too many visitors at the top might make it fall. From 1990 to 2001, engineers from around the world helped balance the tower. They found a good way. They slowly removed some soil from under the higher side of the base, and the tower was straightened by nearly 16 inches. If there is no big disaster, engineers believe the tower is safe for another 300 years. 1.What was the real reason for the tower’s lean? A. Wars damaged the building. B. The ground was too weak for its weight. C. The designer planned it to be so. D. The building materials were of poor quality. 2.How did the builders first try to solve the lean? A. They rebuilt the first three floors. B. They stopped the building for many years. C. They used lighter materials for the top floors. D. They made the new floors with one side higher. 3.What helped stop the tower from falling down? A. The long breaks during its building. B. The special shape of its base. C. It was closed to the public in time. D. The skill of the later engineers. 4.Which is the best title for the text? A. The Design of the Leaning Tower of Pisa B. How Engineers Saved the Leaning Tower of Pisa C. Why the Leaning Tower of Pisa is a Popular Tourist Attraction D. The Leaning Tower of Pisa: A Famous Accident and Its Repair Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）A recent study looked at how playing sports affects teenagers' mental health (心理健康). Researchers did the study for two years. They worked with 2,000 students aged 13-18 from different schools. The study wanted to find out how regular exercise helps teens feel better emotionally. The study found that teens who played team sports (like basketball, volleyball or soccer) felt less worried than those who didn’t exercise at all. Dr. Lisa Chen, who led the study, said, “Team sports need you to work together and talk with teammates. This helps you make friends and feel like you belong to a group. These things are very important to make you less worried.” Similarly, individual sports (like swimming, running or tennis) also helped. Teens who did these sports felt more confident. “When you set small goals in these sports and reach them, you feel proud of yourself,” Dr. Chen added, “this makes you more confident.” But the study also warned against training too much. Teens who practiced sports for more than five hours a week after school and didn’t rest enough felt more stressed. “You need a balance,” Dr. Chen said. “Sports are good for you, but too much training makes you tired and stressed.” There was another interesting finding about boys and girls. Girls who played sports often felt better about their bodies than those who didn’t. For boys, playing sports was linked to better grades at school. This might be because regular exercise helps them focus more in class. 1.What can we infer about team sports from paragraph two? A. Team sports are not good for making friends. B. Teens who play team sports always feel stressed. C. Team sports can only help teens get better grades. D. Teens who don't play team sports often feel more worried. 2.What did the study find about teens who overtrained without enough rest? A. They got better grades. B. They felt more stressed. C. They made more friends. D. They felt more confident. 3.Why does the writer mention “gender differences” in the last paragraph? A. To show that sports are not suitable for all teens. B. To explain why boys are better at sports than girls. C. To add information about how sports help teens in different ways. D. To prove that girls care more about their own body image than boys do. 4.What is Dr. Chen’s attitude towards teens playing sports? A. She thinks teens should not play any sports. B. She believes only team sports are helpful for teens. C. She says teens must play sports for more than five hours a week. D. She supports teens playing sports but warns against overtraining. Passage 3 （25-26高一上·云南昆明官渡区第一中学·期中）Enthusiastic travelers may have already heard of “regenerative tourism” along with the idea of sustainability(持续性). Whenever we travel—no matter where or how—we are leaving an impact on the environment and the world surrounding us. While sustainable tourism takes positive steps toward limiting that footprint in order for us to protect environments for future generations, regenerative tourism takes this idea one step further. Regenerative tourism means “the idea that tourists should leave a place in better condition than it was before”. For example, when visiting a garden, each person plants a tree to further build the environment instead of leaving no trace(痕迹). In a way, regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability. Another great example of this is any act of clean-up. This is especially popular on major beaches and in parks where there’s always rubbish to pick up and waste to remove. While travelers certainly don’t need to join in a community clean-up while on vacation (unless they want to), the idea of being involved is very much the same. Joining in regenerative tourism has personal and environmental benefits. Jeffrey Skibins, an associate professor in entertainment and park management, says, “Many tourists report feelings of deep personal satisfaction and a stronger connection to nature. Additionally, conservation (保护) behaviors enable tourists to develop life-long learning around these issues and continue these behaviors at home.” Regenerative means “to renew and revive”, which is exactly what many travelers are doing to help environments recover. Depending on where one plans to travel, there might be more ways to help than originally realized. By further encouraging damaged environments to be renewed through travel rather than being negatively impacted, we can slowly help to rebuild the world’s most beautiful landscapes. 1.What is the aim of regenerative tourism? A. To further improve the environment. B. To limit the footprint of human beings. C. To keep a place in its original condition. D. To dramatically promote global economy. 2.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Designing a bright future for our life. B. Taking part in a community clean-up. C. Renewing our ideas about environments. D. Getting active in the acts of sustainability. 3.What does Jeffrey Skibins think of regenerative tourism? A. It makes travelers closely connected. B. It gives personal satisfaction to travelers. C. It leaves a short-term effect on tourists. D. It helps tourists improve their learning ability. 4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Regenerative tourism invites travelers to do their part B. Travelling patterns make a difference to the environment C. Conservation behavior enjoys its popularity among households D. The idea of sustainability takes root in all enthusiastic travelers Passage 4 （25-26高一上·云南玉溪师范学院附属中学-11月·期中）Change can be unsettling. Good or bad, exciting or unexpected, there’s an undeniable anxiety that accompanies seeing our lives shift. Thankfully, nature reminds us that entering a new season in our lives is nothing to fear but something to enjoy. What’s now known as “leaf-peeping” has become a highly profitable form of tourism in the United States. A research shows that across states in the eastern half of the country, fall foliage (叶子) tourism contributes more than $30 billion to local economies. And even though climate change has made int more difficult to predict when exactly foliage will peak, it hasn’t stopped people from trying to figure it out. Tourism leaders from the Smoky Mountains recently released their annual fall foliage prediction map which helps travelers plan out when they have the best chance to catch those beautiful autumn views. Perhaps part of what makes the foliage so special is the belief that it’s temporary. Eventually, branches will become bare, and we’ll stop taking photos for social media. And as the seasons change and we feel that familiar longing for what was, trees will once again embrace (欣然接受) their evolution. Even when they aren’t decorated with flashy fall colors and their internal systems slow down, trees are still supporting the ecosystem. Their fallen leaves are broken down by bacteria and fungi and provide the soil with nutrients the tree needs to grow. Insects take up shelter in their bark, eventually becoming food for other wildlife seeking a place to nest. Their strong roots stabilize the soil, preventing erosion (侵蚀) from winter snowmelt. Right now, trees around the country are already beginning to welcome their next chapter. During this time of the year, it feels like forests are just offering endless joy for free. And fall foliage is an everlasting reminder that the growth with changes is beautiful. 1.What does “leaf-peeping” refer to? A. A form of tourism where people go to see fall foliage. B. A measure taken by tourism leaders to protect trees. C. A research about the effects of climate change on trees. D. A method for predicting when fall foliage will peak. 2.Why do people find fall foliage so special? A. It brings change to daily life. B. It contributes to local economy. C. It helps preserve ecosystems. D. It lasts only for a short time. 3.What can we learn about trees in fall from paragraph 4? A. They are easily damaged by bacteria. B. They stop rooting due to cold weather. C. They continue providing shelter for wildlife. D. They play a role in reducing snowfall. 4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Trees Supporting the Ecosystem B. Lesson from Trees: Embracing Change C. Fall Foliage Tourism in the US D. Climate Changes in the Season of Fall 主题语境03 人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南宣威第三中学·期中）Previous studies have suggested children who spend their days looking out of the window instead of paying attention may be among the cleverest pupils. The latest study, however, suggests in the long run constantly daydreaming will leave children struggling to keep up with their peers. Dr Agnieszka Graham, a lecturer in applied developmental psychology at Queen’s University Belfast, said, “In school, often children can get in trouble for mind wandering. It is sometimes viewed as a sign of disrespect or misbehavior if they are not paying attention.” The study, conducted by Queen’s University Belfast, is the first to deal with the impact of so-called “mind wandering” on learning in young children. The researchers played a story about a fictional pharaoh (法老) in ancient Egypt to 97 children aged 6-11 and asked them a question every two minutes to check if they were paying attention. The study found that mind wandering had a significant impact on learning, as children who daydreamed the most remembered less about the story. The researchers discovered the children’s minds wandered a quarter of the time, and they could not help it. According to the study, daydreaming during a classroom-style listening activity is not only common but also harmful to memory in children. And because the impact of daydreaming is so clear, teachers should consider how they teach young children to reduce mind wandering. However, the research has found children, like adults, are unable to fully concentrate all the time; it’s likely that their minds will wander several times in a typical school day. The findings show that further exploring the causes and consequences of mind wandering in these early years at school could provide a solid foundation for developing interventions (干预), which will help children find out when their attention drifts away from the present task and refocus their attention. 1.Why did Queen’s University Belfast conduct the study? A. To improve children’s memory. B. To learn a story about ancient Egypt. C. To check children’s attention in class. D. To research the influence of mind wandering. 2.What might the researchers advise teachers to do? A. Help with further research. B. Help children concentrate. C. Reduce their own mind wandering. D. Work harder while teaching young. 3.What does the underlined word drifts in the last paragraph mean? A. Breaks. B. Remains. C. Moves. D. Sticks. 4.What’s the author’s attitude to children’s mind wandering? A. Concerned. B. Supportive. C. Uninterested. D. Unclear. Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南·期中）Each year, people buy millions of aquarium (水族箱) fish. Most of the fish species have a natural life span of at least several years. Some of them can live up to a decade or more in the wild. But somehow most of the fish died within weeks or even within hours after you had bought there. For sure, fish are weak creatures compared to us. It does not mean they died for no reason at all. Since fish have no body heat, they are sensitive to sudden changes in water temperature. Water pH and water hardness can also affect them if there is a sudden change. Most of the quick deaths of fish are due to shock. Tap water is not a perfect choice for aquarium fish because of the chlorine (氯) in the tap water, which can kill the fish. So the best way is to just put the tap water in the sun for a few days. Fish need oxygen in the water. They will die if the oxygen in the aquarium runs out. Several things can cause it to happen. The aquarium is too small, that is, less water means less oxygen. The aquarium is too crowded, for the more fish you have, the more oxygen they need. The temperature is too high, because the higher the water temperature, the less dissolved oxygen. Overfeeding the fish can cause a digestive (消化的) problem and kill the fish directly. More food than it is needed can also cause water pollution and create more harmful waste which will kill the fish too. Feed the fish only once a day, with no more food than they can eat in less than a minute. In this case, less is better. 1.What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To make the article interesting. B. To bring forward the topic. C. To state some facts about aquarium fish D. To provide some advice for the readers. 2.Why are fish sensitive to the sudden changes of water temperature? A. Because they are warm- blooded. B. Because they are very weak. C. Because they live in the water. D. Because they have no body heat. 3.What’s the purpose of putting tap water in the sun? A. To warm the water. B. To let out the chlorine. C. To kill the viruses. D. To make the water clear. 4.What can be inferred about aquarium fish? A. They prefer high water temperature. B. They live longer in the small aquarium. C. They can cause serious water pollution. D. They should be fed according to their need. Passage 3 （25-26高一上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）There is new hope for predicting earthquakes with the help of artificial intelligence (AI). For a long time, many people believed it was impossible to predict earthquakes. But now, AI is challenging this idea. In a test in China, researchers from the University of Texas, Austin created an AI method that successfully predicted 70% of earthquakes one week before they happened. The AI was able to detect tiny changes in underground movement, which were imperceptible to human scientists. These changes often signal that an earthquake is coming. The researchers trained the AI system using a five-year database of earthquake recordings and earthquake physics. After learning, the AI was able to detect earthquakes by listening and analyzing signs of coming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. This is an important step in earthquake prediction research. One lead researcher, Alexandros Savvaidis, said, “Earthquakes happen without warning. Even with 70% accuracy, this method is a major achievement. It could help people get ready and reduce losses.” It is still uncertain if the method will work as well in other parts of the world. The researchers plan to test it next in Texas, which has a network of over 300 earthquake stations and more than six years of continuous recording history, making it an ideal testing ground. Looking ahead, the team hopes to combine the AI system with traditional physics-based models, which could be especially useful in areas with little data. As the bureau’s director Scott Tinker said, “There’s still a long way to go, but this kind of progress helps move science forward.” 1.What does the underlined word “imperceptible” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Very dangerous. B. Extremely large. C. Easy to measure. D. Difficult to notice. 2.How does the AI method predict earthquakes? A. By studying the weather database. B. By asking people to report small shakes. C. By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. D. By using a network to take pictures of the ground. 3.What is the researchers’ next plan? A. Test the AI method in Texas. B. Combine AI with traditional models. C. Move people away from earthquake areas. D. Build 300 new earthquake stations in Texas. 4.What’s the attitude of Scott Tinker towards the AI system? A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Indifferent. 主题语境04 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南楚雄·期中）A diet designed for brain health may help slow or prevent age-related memory loss and diseases, according to a study led by Dr. Russell Sawyer, a researcher at the University of Cincinnati. Sawyer said that the MIND diet is a great way to support brain health. “What I like about the MIND diet is that it is more about what you should be eating and less about what you should not be eating,” he explained. The MIND diet prioritizes(注重) whole grains, leafy green vegetables, berries, beans and nuts; encourages the consumption of other, non-leafy green vegetables, fish, seafood, poultry and olive oil; allows for limited consumption of red meat and wine; and limits the consumption of fast food, fried food, butter, and sweet foods such as candy. The diet has 10 healthy food groups and 5 unhealthy ones. During the study, Sawyer and his team surveyed 14,145 people, with an average age of 64. Participants(参与者) needed to complete diet questionnaires and were scored based on their eating habits. The low group scored 5 out of 12, the middle 7, and the high 9. Over 10 years, they found that those who followed the MIND diet closely were less likely to develop memory problems. Women participants showed the most benefits. After adjusting for factors like age and health, the researchers found that the high-scoring group had a 4% lower risk of memory issues over 10 years. Among women, the risk dropped by 6%, while less significant change was found in men. “No diet approach is perfect for everyone,” Sawyer said. “Many factors go into this, including personal taste, access to certain types of foods and time available for food preparation. The MIND diet is not about high-quality ingredients(配料) that are not available but those that can be found in all grocery stores. Picking proper foods is the first step to a healthier diet for the mind.” 1.What is a feature of the MIND diet? A. It stresses what to avoid. B. It limits green vegetables. C. It encourages eating less. D. It focuses on what to eat. 2.What were all the participants asked to do? A. Sign up for an exam. B. Answer some questions. C. Do workouts every day. D. Study at a medical school. 3.What did Sawyer recommend for brain health? A. Eating more fresh produce. B. Picking our favourite foods. C. Making better food choices. D. Buying high-quality ingredients. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. A healthy diet. B. A well-received dish. C. A restaurant. D. A survey of daily meals. Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南区昆明第八中学-11月·期中）Guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) and most governments recommend (推荐) that adults do at least 150 minutes per week of moderate (适度的) physical activity or 75 minutes per week of vigorous (剧烈的) physical activity. Plenty of people want to meet this level of exercise but find it difficult to do so because of the busy lives many of us lead. However, a team of researchers has discovered that even if you only have time to exercise once or twice a week, you can still get the same benefits as those who exercise more frequently. The study found that people named “weekend warriors”— in other words, those who shorten their exercise to just Saturday or Sunday — can lose the same amount of weight as those who exercise every day as long as they meet the recommendations set out by the WHO. Researchers collected results from more than 9,600 volunteers, aged between 20 and 59 years old, who took part in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2011 and 2018.The team examined the volunteers’ general body fat using a special technique and through other measurements such as BMI. Next, they explored the connection between these and physical activity levels, using data from three groups: inactive, “weekend warriors” and frequently active. Results showed that the “weekend warriors” and the frequently active volunteers had lower body fat and lower BMIs. The research team believes their findings will be especially welcomed by people whose jobs mean they sit for most of the day. “The weekend warrior method is worth recommending to people who cannot meet the recommended frequency in the guidelines,” said lead author Lihua Zhang, a healthcare scientist at Fuwai Hospital and professor at Peking Union Medical College in Beijing, China. “Our study could offer them another choice to keep fit.” “The key message is that people should be active in any way that suits their lifestyle,” said Dr. Beverly Tchang, assistant professor at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York. “All kinds of exercise are welcome, whether that be running, hiking, cycling, climbing, or other choices.” 1.What does the underlined word “benefits” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Feelings. B. Problems. C. Services. D. Advantages. 2.Of the following people, who would most welcome the study findings? A. Tour guides. B. Taxi drivers. C. School teachers. D. Traffic policemen. 3.What is Lihua Zhang’s attitude towards the weekend warrior method? A. Carefree. B. Doubtful. C. Supportive. D. Uncertain. 4.What is the main focus of Dr. Beverly Tchang words? A. Daily exercise matters. B. Running is the best choice. C. Any activity is better than none. D. Small lifestyle changes will work. 主题语境05 人与自然-灾害防范 （25-26高一上·云南楚雄·期中）Recent winter storms have brought heavy rain and snow to California. This increase in snowpack has delayed the start of the wildfire season. Experts believe the fire season may be milder than usual, but conditions could change by July. For now, fire activity in Southern California is expected to be below normal in May and June, while Northern California is likely to have an average fire season. Statewide, the wet season has been longer than usual, and more rain and snow may continue into April or early May. Lower elevations (海拔) are green and wet, while higher elevations are covered in snow. The deeper the snowpack, the longer it takes to melt (融化). This slows down the drying of vegetation and delays warm weather. In years with above-average snowpack, Northern California has seen fewer acres burned. However, climate change is affecting fire patterns (模式). Fires are now reaching higher elevations where snow once prevented them. Some areas have fewer trees to protect snow from the sun, causing faster melting and shifting the risk from floods to droughts. Rising temperatures are also pushing the snow line higher, making forests more likely to burn in summer. Some desert regions, which received extra rain, have grown more grass. Once these dry out by late spring, they could fuel wildfires, like the York Fire — the state’s largest fire in 2023. Additionally, winds play a key role in spreading wildfires. Forecasters expect fewer strong offshore winds, partly due to El Niño. However, sudden weather changes could still lead to major fires. Dry lightning, unexpected heat or rapid shifts in rainfall can turn a mild fire season into a severe one. Within this long-term change, research suggests that burned areas in California could grow by 50% from 2031 to 2050 due to climate change. While some years may see fewer fires, overall, rising temperatures and drier conditions are making wildfires more common. 1.What does the underlined word “delayed” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Referred to. B. Sped up. C. Put off. D. Longed for. 2.What can we know from paragraph 2? A. Forest fires always hit California in early May. B. The wet season is likely to last for a short time. C. It has been years since California saw heavy rain. D. California expects a late start to the wildfire season. 3.Why does the author mention the York Fire in 2023? A. To remind us to stop human error. B. To show the danger of the dry grass. C. To explain it hardly rains in the desert. D. To sound the alarm about global warming. 4.What does research suggest about California wildfires? A. Their likelihood will largely increase. B. They will probably drop by 50% in 2031. C. It takes time to put them under control. D. They are mainly caused by human activities. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高一上·云南昆明实验中学·期中）“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” But now scientists have given us another warning: too much play with smartphones or computers makes you dull too. “Many focus on the benefits of digital devices (设备) in education but ignore the costs,” said Patricia Greenfield from the University of California, “losing the ability to understand the emotions of other people is one of the costs.” Greenfield and her research team did an experiment. They worked with 105 children who spend about 4.5 hours in front of screens on a school day. The students were asked to describe the emotions towards the pictures of people who were happy, sad, angry or scared. Then, half of them attended a five-day nature and science camp. There they had no smartphones, TV, or computers. The other half stayed in school and spent the five days as usual. Five days later, all the children took the test again. Students who had been to the camp got about 5 percent more answers correct than they had done before the camp. But the other group of students didn’t show much improvement. The study is not perfect in some ways, said the researchers. But scientists say that the study is still a warning for us. “Emotional skills develop in practice and the brain develops through real interaction,” said Professor Taylor, a professor at the University of San Francisco. Researchers talked to 2,000 parents of children aged 2 — 16 in the UK about what activities their children could do confidently. The results were surprising: their children could use a tablet (平板电脑) (59%) and work a mobile phone (57%) more confidently than they could tie their shoe laces (鞋带) (53%)! So, spend more time away from mobile phones and computers if you want to be an understanding friend, and not a member of what the Daily Mail called “Generation Helpless”. 1.According to Professor Greenfield, what’s the possible result of using digital media in education? A. Being on bad terms with family members. B. Making more mistakes when taking exams. C. Falling far behind others in all schoolwork. D. Failing to relate to other people’s emotions. 2.What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The background of the experiment B. The process of the experiment C. The results of the experiment D. The purpose of the experiment 3.What do scientists think of the results of Greenfield’s experiment? A. They are alarming for people. B. They are far from perfect. C. They are quite surprising. D. They don’t need to be improved. 4.What’s the purpose of writing the text? A. To warn us to stay away from the Internet. B. To explain how people become the Internet addicts. C. To advise children to spend less time on screens. D. To show digital devices are essential for modern education. 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高一上·云南玉溪第一中学·期中）It may seem hard to believe, but snacking several times a day can improve your health and fitness — exercise snacking, that is. “Exercise snacks” are short bursts of activity — 30 seconds to 5 or 10 minutes max — that include almost any type of movement. Think climbing stairs, walking, cycling, or dancing. Today, many studies prove these mini workouts can make a difference. Doing 15-to 30-second exercise snacks three times daily was shown to improve cardiorespiratory (心和肺的) fitness levels and exercise abilities in inactive adults, according to a small January 2022 study published in the journal Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. Adults who reported they didn’t do exercise saw a 17% to 18% drop of cancer cases after they began doing just 3.4 to 3.6 minutes of intense (激烈的) physical activity daily, a July 2023 study of 22,398 people found. Their daily physical activity was done in bursts lasting less than one or two minutes. Hitting 4.5 minutes (in total) of intense physical activity each day was connected with a 31% to 32% lower risk of cancer, according to the study published in JAMA Oncology. The advantages of movement also include brain health. Doing even a small amount of easy to hard physical activity every day lowers your risk of dementia (痴呆), according to a March study in JAMDA: The Journal of the Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medical Association. Exercise snacks are a favorite tool used by Dr. Supatra Tovar, owner of Dr. Supatra Tovar & Associates. “I’m a big proponent of behavior change that starts tiny,” Tovar said. “So I like to create behaviors with my customers that are easy, achievable and doable every day of the week.” “Your body is kind of lazy,” said Michael Betts, a personal trainer and director at Train Fitness who’s based in London. “Doing these little exercise snacks reminds your body that it does need to work to keep and improve its overall health.” 1.What can be called an exercise snack according to the text? A. Singing songs with your classmates. B. Turning off the lights before leaving school. C. Jogging without stopping for 20 minutes. D. Rushing to the dining hall for lunch after class. 2.What is one good thing that exercise snacks bring according to the text? A. Lowering cancer risk. B. Improving muscle strength. C. Keeping people away from dementia. D. Improving the heart rate of inactive adults. 3.What does the underlined word “proponent” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Researcher. B. Judge. C. Supporter. D. Explorer. 4.Which of the following may Michael Betts agree? A. Exercise snacks are necessary. B. More daily exercise is needed. C. The body dislikes being active. D. Long workouts are better. 主题语境03 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 （25-26高一上·云南玉溪师范学院附属中学-11月·期中）Growing up with movies such as “High School Musical” and “Grease”, which presented the ideal(理想的)high school friendships, we sometimes expect a perfect relationship. Indeed, some high school friendships can be real and simple; while still some high school students will meet a friend who causes trouble. With failed friendships come lessons and experiences learned for the future. You will know the influence after you leave high school. “I was always worried about what my friends thought about me. Sometimes my friends would make fun of what I wore or what I would do. I always tried to get along well with them, but I realized how happy I was once I stopped contacting them after high school,” said Elisha, Class of 2020. Most teens have not realized the big question when dealing with high school problems. In five years, will this still matter? It is hard looking at the big picture when the problems are in front of you, which is understandable. However, most teens need a moment to reflect (反思) and question if the problem matters in a long time. Briana, a high school teacher, said, “Now, I am in contact with two high school friends. I think the friendship experiences I had in high school shaped who I am because I learned to be open minded and befriend all kinds of people. I learned to see people for who they are, not what they wear or who they play with. I learned most of all how to be a good friend.” High school is a small part of your life, but it has a huge influence on who you will become and where you will go. Friendships and relationships help shape who you are, whether they are good or bad. Lessons are brought, and lessons are learned. 1.Why did the author mention the two movies in the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic of the passage. B. To explain what a high school friendship is. C. To recommend these two movies to readers. D. To attract readers’ attention to these two movies. 2.What did Elisha think of her “friends”? A. They made her unhappy. B. They cared about her behavior. C. They got along well with her. D. They were always worried about her. 3.Why did Briana think her friendship experiences shape her? A. She learned to play with her friends. B. She learned to make different friends. C. She learned to shape her friends’ minds. D. She learned to wear just like her friends. 4.What’s the passage mainly about? A. Failed friendships made teens worried. B. Good friendships greatly influenced teens. C. High school friendships help to shape teens. D. Friendships are difficult for teens to deal with, 主题语境04 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高一上·云南昆明实验中学·期中）Do you know the names of the people who live next door? Chances are you live next to someone, but do you actually know them? Sadly, the only time we do seem to hear about people’s neighbors is when things go wrong — hearing people say things like they have the bad neighbors! So, what does go wrong? When talking about famous feuds (宿仇) with people who live close, you only need to think of the Montagues and Capulets in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. Thankfully, most real-life quarrels don’t go that far. These days, especially in cities, many people live in buildings. Our neighbors are all around us — so what problems can come from that? The first obvious cause of argument is noise pollution. Loud noise through the walls construction (施工), or people arguing next door can disturb the silence of your living space. Asking someone directly to turn the music down can cause you to feel anxious. However, if you get someone like a building manager to speak to your neighbors, it can make things more awkward because you didn’t speak to your neighbors directly. And then what about smells? If your neighbors like eating food with pungent (刺激的) smells, and the smells flow through your window, what can you do? There are some other common problems, such as water running through the wall, pets making noise, and Jittering from the window above you. These can bring anger over time. It’s not easy living next door to someone, especially if they’re noisy. But having a clear and honest conversation might help. Also, try thinking what you are doing could make your neighbors angry. If it’s something that would make you feel bad, maybe think again. 1.Why does the author mention Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in paragraph 2? A. To present a fact. B. To provide an example. C. To explain a topic. D. To make a comparison. 2.What are you advised to do if a neighbor makes too much noise? A. Turn to the police. B. Talk to the neighbor directly. C. Quarrel with the neighbor. D. Ask the building manager for help. 3.What can we infer about a neighbor’s pungent food smells? A. They provide you pleasure. B. They open your imagination. C. They’re your neighbor’s favorites. D. They make you uncomfortable. 4.What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. How to make a neighbor happy. B. How to deal with a noisy neighbor. C. How to communicate with a neighbor. D. How to get along well with a neighbor. 主题语境05 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·云南玉溪第一中学·期中）Maths anxiety is older than you might think. A hundred years ago, German physicist Felix Auerbach, worried about the situation and hoping to find ways to deal with it, wrote a little book called The Fear of Mathematics and How to Overcome It. For a mathematician like myself, the pleasure of reading his book is followed by a sigh of regret that the topic is as important today as it was a century ago. Why do we fear mathematics? At heart, says Auerbach, it comes down to a basic misunderstanding of what maths is. The fear of messing up a calculation (计算) may be real, but the fact that there are many excellent mathematicians who are terrible at calculation proves that maths skills and mathematics aren’t the same thing. What, then, is mathematics? Auerbach says it is three things: a science, a language and an art. For me, part of the problem is that we are often stuck in the “science” box. If we can be shown the beauty of mathematics, we might stop fearing the calculations supporting it. As a language, what sets maths apart is the common truth — you can become fluent wherever you are from. As an art, the beauty of maths lies in finding its beautiful patterns (模式) that help us to understand the endless, explore art and nature, and delight in the perfection of ideas. Focusing completely on calculation skills misses the joy and excitement that can come from discovering and understanding the patterns, from seeing the artistic beauty of mathematics. Some experts like to point out that we experience anxiety the same way we experience excitement. In the same way, fear can be negative or positive. Our goal should be to move people from a narrow view of mathematics as only calculations to admire its deeper meanings — as a science, a language and an art. 1.What does the author think of Auerbach’s book in Paragraph 1? A. It is not important today. B. It overstates the fear of maths. C. It talks about a common problem. D. It is only popular with mathematicians. 2.Why do people fear mathematics? A. They can’t do calculations well. B. The math language is too difficult. C. They don’t get support from teachers. D. They don’t understand what maths really is. 3.How can we see mathematics as an art? A. By focusing on calculation skills. B. By exploring its beautiful patterns. C. By using it in scientific inventions. D. By learning it as a unique language. 4.What does the passage suggest we do when learning maths? A. Express our fear. B. Ask experts for help. C. Change our opinions about it. D. Learn a new language. Passage 2 （25-26高一上·云南昆明实验中学·期中）Online events are virtual and highly interactive, where people come together to learn and have a good time on the web. Find an online event to enjoy. No matter what you’ re looking for, there’s one that’s just right for you. ·Chocolate Donuts- Free Workshop Organizer: BAKE IT UP! & Lorena Price: Free Time: 3:00 pm — 4:30 pm, March 10 Join me and learn how to make this super easy dessert. These chocolate donuts baked with a cake y texture (口感) are soft and of course delicious. Dipped (蘸) in some chocolate, these donuts will be just the perfect gift for your friends or family! The workshop will be live on Facebook & Instagram. ·Sweet Dreams PJ Party Organizer: Secret Dance Addiction Price: Free Time: 9:00 pm — 12:00 pm, March 9 Feel healthier, more energetic and more alive as you rediscover what it means to DREAM with an expert- led session on the power of rest. Recharge your batteries and then dance yourself into a dream state with an exciting dance party. Wear your pajamas (睡衣). This is a PJ party, after all! ·Chamber Music Concert Organizer: Sands Films Music Room Price: Free Time: 4:00 pm — 6:00 pm, March 8 As spring brings hope of warmer days, Sands Films celebrates International Woman’s Day with a program of music from women composers (作曲家) inspired by the spirit of the Belle Epoque. 1.What can you do if you join the Chocolate Donuts event? A. Get a chocolate donut for free. B. Learn how to make chocolate donuts. C. Share your experience of making donuts. D. Make friends with people who love chocolate donuts. 2.What is the main purpose of the “Sweet Dreams PJ Party”? A. To teach baking skills. B. To host a dance competition. C. To contribute to healthy sleep habits. D. To celebrate International Women’s Day. 3.What is the common feature of the three events? A. They are all free of charge. B. They all involve physical activities. C. They all take place during the daytime. D. They are all related to food and drinks. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题02阅读理解（说明文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.D Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.A3.C4B 主题语境02人与社会-科学与技术 【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.B 主题语境03人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.D Passage 2 【答案】1.D2.C3.A4.B Passage 3 【答案】1.B2.A3.B4.C Passage 4 【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.A Passage 5 【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.C 进阶提升 113 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【答案】1.D2.C3.D4.A Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.C3.A4.B 主题语境02人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.D Passage 2 【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.D Passage 3 【答案】1.A2.D3.B4.A Passage 4 【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.B 主题语境03人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.A Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.D Passage 3 【答案】1.D2.C3.A4.B 主题语境04人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.A Passage 2 213 可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.C 主题语境05人与自然-灾害防范 【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.A 拓展培优) 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.D2.B3.A4C 主题语境02人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.A 主题语境03人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 【答案】1.A2.A3.B4.C 主题语境04人与自我-做人与做事 【答案】1.B2.B3.D4.D 主题语境05人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.C Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.C3.A 3/3