Unit 1 Understanding ideas学情自测2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 初中英语外研版8下Unit 1同步练，分层设计清晰，从基础词汇语法到语篇综合应用，适配新授课知识巩固与核心素养培育。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础|核心词汇与基础语法|单项选择考查词义辨析（如benefits/leadership），词语运用A部分聚焦词性转换（如challenge→challenging）| |提升|语境词汇运用与语法综合|完形填空通过宠物美容师故事考查动词短语（give up），短文填空结合团队经历强化语法应用（leader/tasks）| |综合|语篇理解与表达|阅读理解呈现多元职业（宠物律师/冰雕师）培养文化意识，书面表达介绍网约车司机职业提升语言输出能力|

外研版8下Unit 1 Understanding ideas学情自测 （满分：100分） 一、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) ( ) 1.One of the of reading is opening our minds. A.hobbies B.messages C.benefits D.conditions ( ) 2.The work patience, and it brings you a sense of achievement. A.reaches B.requires C.spreads D.reduces ( ) 3.She helps many school activities. She learns many useful skills from these activities. A.organise B.search C.behave D.invent ( ) 4.The team needs good to finish the challenging task. A.honesty B.cash C.value D.leadership ( ) 5.Her is warm and wonderful. It reminds us of the joys of teamwork. A.plan B.difference C.speech D.machine ( ) 6.After hours of hard work and much , he got a sense of achievement. A.sweat B.water C.honour D.flood ( ) 7.If your hands are , don’t touch the electric switch. A.slim B.wet C.digital D.creative ( ) 8.Remember to take care of your teeth. You should your teeth twice a day. A.apply B.save C.brush D.shut ( ) 9.—Why does the school hold the activity of “Clean Plate”? —Because it ________ to help reduce food waste. A. designs B. designed C. is designed D. is designing ( ) 10.A report on space travel ________ next Sunday. A. gave B. was given C. will give D. will be given 二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) When I was ten, my family got a pet dog named Coco. She had long fur (毛) and it got messy 11 . I would sit on the floor and carefully brush her. Coco would shake her tail like she knew she looked beautiful. I thought, “I love making pets happy this way.” When I finished high school, I 12 to learn to be a pet groomer (宠物美容师). My parents were worried and doubted my idea, asking, “Is this a stable (稳定的) job?” But I didn’t 13 . I found a small grooming shop and asked the owner to 14 me. At first, it was challenging. Once, a nervous little dog tried to run away while I was trimming his nails (修剪指甲). I stayed 15 , talked softly to him, and slowly finished the job. The owner said, “You have patience (耐心) — important for this work.” For a year, I cleaned dog houses, watched how to bathe different kinds of dogs, and practised brushing. I sometimes made 16 : once I cut a dog’s fur too short. The owner helped me 17 it, and I learnt to be more careful. Now, I have my own small shop. Every day, I see pets come in messy and leave shiny, and their owners are 18 with my work. Last week, a girl brought her old dog. After being groomed, he looked very happy. The girl hugged me and said, “Thank you for making him happy.” That’s why I love my 19 . It’s not just about cutting fur — it’s about bringing 20 to pets and their owners. ( ) 11. A. easily B. surely C. suddenly D. finally ( ) 12. A. refused B. continued C. decided D. remembered ( ) 13. A. pick up B. give up C. wake up D. clean up ( ) 14. A. join B. trust C. replace D. teach ( ) 15. A. awake B. safe C. calm D. excited ( ) 16. A. plans B. changes C. mistakes D. connections ( ) 17. A. fix B. train C. catch D. protect ( ) 18. A. busy B. happy C. angry D. interested ( ) 19. A. pets B. job C. home D. customers ( ) 20. A. joy B. success C. honour D. reality 三、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Pet lawyer（宠物律师） Cui Can Chengdu, Sichuan Cui became a lawyer in 2020. He worked a lot and was often tired, but his cat always made him feel better. So in early 2024, Cui decided to be a pet lawyer to protect animals. Ice sculptor (冰雕师) Xu Haonan Harbin, Heilongjiang Xu now lives in Beihai, but every winter he returns to Harbin to work on ice sculptures for three months. Pacer (配速员) Pan Quan Meishan, Sichuan During marathon races, pacers help runners keep a steady speed so they can reach the finish line. Pan has been chosen as a pacer twice. Dog food taster (试味员) Zhang Kun’e Qingdao, Shandong Tasting dog food is considered a strange job, but Zhang loves it. She tests the quality of pet food through smell and taste. ( ) 21. How long has Cui been a pet lawyer? A. For about two years. B. For about three years. C. For about four years. D. For about five years. ( ) 22. Where does Xu work every winter? A. In Harbin. B. In Beihai. C. In Meishan. D. In Qingdao. ( ) 23. What is the text mainly about? A. Famous people. B. Touching stories. C. Different jobs. D. Interesting places. B Dennis Hong has a cool job — he creates smart robots. When Hong was 7, his parents took him to see the film Star Wars. He was drawn to the robot “droids” in the film and dreamed of building such a robot when he grew up. After years of hard work, he finally achieved his dream. Now Hong is an engineer, and he runs the Robotics & Mechanisms Laboratory (RoMeLa) at the University of California. The main work of his team is making humanoid robots. These robots can tackle different kinds of tasks, like playing sports, cooking meals or even offering help during disasters. “We create the smart machines to do the work people can’t or don’t want to do. This is our goal,” Hong said. It’s not easy to build humanoid robots. “The hardest part is perfecting their movements, like hand motions and walking,” Hong explained. “Objects, such as stairs and doors, are made for people. If robots are to move around and use things in our world, they need to do them like we do.” Developing a robot follows clear steps. First, the team comes up with and discusses ideas. Next, they use digital models (模型) to see how a design might work before they build it. Then they program the robot’s software (软件). After that, they start to make its metal (金属) parts. Once the robot is completed, the team tests it to see what needs improving. Hong loves all of his robots. “Our projects, big or small, make the world better,” he said. ( ) 24. What does the underlined word “tackle” most probably mean? A. Do. B. Avoid. C. Plan. D. Compare. ( ) 25. What is the main goal of Hong’s team? A. To create greater films with the help of robots. B. To teach more students how to build robots. C. To build robots for hard or boring work. D. To make their lab more famous. ( ) 26. What is the biggest challenge in designing humanoid robots? A. Creating digital models for them. B. Teaching them to think like humans. C. Finding the right steps for making them. D. Making them move and use things like humans. ( ) 27. Which of the following shows the correct order of making a robot? ① Test and improve it. ② Come up with ideas for it. ③ Program the robot’s software. ④ Build the robot’s metal parts. A. ②→③→①→④ B. ②→④→①→③ C. ②→③→④→① D. ②→④→③→① C A long time ago, the streets of Hong Kong were lit up by colourful neon signs (霓虹灯标牌) that made the city feel exciting. Today, however, there are very few neon signs left. One of the last neon masters in Hong Kong is Hu Zhikai. He has been making neon signs for almost 40 years. When he was 17, his father helped him find a summer job at a neon factory. At first, he knew nothing about making neon signs, but through practice, he learnt to shape glass into letters and words. Going from beginner to skilled craftsman gave Hu a sense of achievement. In the 1980s, the Hong Kong economy (经济) was growing and Hu created lots of outdoor neon signs as advertisements for shops, restaurants and banks. But things began to change in the 2000s. LED lights became popular, and the government made strict rules because old neon signs could fall and hurt people. Because of this, many neon signs were taken down or replaced with cheaper (更便宜的) LED lights, and the neon industry (行业) began to disappear. Although the market is much smaller now, Hu has not given up. Instead of making large outdoor signs, he now creates neon art for homes and works with young artists. Still, the future of neon in Hong Kong remains uncertain. Very few young people want to learn the craft, and it takes years of training to become an expert. Hu hopes that more people will appreciate the skill behind making neon lights, so that this art will continue to shine for years to come. ( ) 28. Why did Hu Zhikai start working in a neon factory? A. His interest in neon art began early. B. His father got him a summer job there. C. He wanted to make money to support his family. D. He respected neon masters and wanted to be like them. ( ) 29. What led to the fall of neon lights in Hong Kong? ①Neon signs were too difficult to make. ②LED lights are cheaper and more popular. ③The government made strict rules for safety. ④The Hong Kong economy began to slow down. A. ①③ B. ②④ C. ①④ D. ②③ ( ) 30. What does the word “appreciate” in the last paragraph mean in Chinese? A. 创造 B. 隐藏 C. 欣赏 D. 质疑 ( ) 31. What is the best title for the passage? A. The fall of neon lights in modern times B. The history of neon signs in Hong Kong C. A master keeping neon art alive in Hong Kong D. How LED lights replaced neon signs in Hong Kong D Gunnar Whealy comes from California, the US. When he was in high school, everything seemed to be going well. He got good grades, went to the gym every morning before school and had a part-time job. He dreamt of being a doctor one day. However, in the final year of high school, Whealy’s life unravelled. His dad lost his job and the bank took away their house. So his family had to move to Arizona for his dad’s new job. But Whealy wanted to finish high school in California. His parents found a host family (寄宿家庭) for him. But when the family started taking in more kids, there was no room for him. So Whealy became homeless. He slept in his truck (卡车), took showers at the gym, and ate food from his part-time job in the sandwich shop. He didn’t tell his parents all these. Every night, he called his mum to say he was fine. Whealy’s dream of being a doctor kept him going. He finished high school on time and went to college (大学). There, he faced more challenges, but he never gave up. Whealy’s life experiences affect (影响) how he sees things. Those hard times teach him to keep going. For Whealy, his dream of helping patients is still what drives him forward. He knows nothing can stop him from reaching that goal. ( ) 32. What does the underlined word “unravelled” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese? A. 稳定下来 B. 偶有波折 C. 一成不变 D. 走向崩溃 ( ) 33. Why did Whealy’s family move to Arizona? A. Because Whealy’s college was there. B. Because Whealy’s dad got a new job there. C. Because Whealy’s grandparents lived there. D. Because Whealy’s dad bought a house there. ( ) 34. What kept Whealy going through his hard times? A. His family’s support. B. His wish to live a better life. C. His dream of being a doctor. D. His good grades in high school. ( ) 35. What is the best title for the passage? A. Life in a host family B. A boy and his warm family C. From homeless to future doctor D. From good grades to big problems 四、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) My father is a hard-working person, and I’m really proud of him. He works as a chef in a big restaurant in Shenzhen. 36 Every morning, my father gets up early. Then he goes to the restaurant and starts his busy day. 37 He often comes up with new recipes. Once, he made a special dish with some fresh vegetables and seafood. It tasted so good that many customers came back happily just for that dish. 38 He often helps the new chefs learn cooking skills and encourages them to improve themselves. My father loves his job. 39 His dishes are enjoyed by many people. When he sees the happy faces of the customers enjoying his food, he feels really excited and satisfied. He often tells me that I should love and take my work seriously. 40 A.My father is very creative. B.His words will be kept in my memory. C.He is considered the best chef in the restaurant. D.He finds a deep sense of achievement in his job. E.My father is not only good at cooking but also very kind to his colleagues. 五、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)用所给词的适当形式填空。 41.The math problem is very (challenge) for me. 42.I like her warm and friendly (personal). 43.She takes part in a summer (train) course. 44.Social (skill) are useful in our daily life. 45.Mobile phones change our ways of (communicate). B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。 46.当我完成艰难的工作时，我获得一种成就感。 I get when I finish hard work. 47.看到这部电影，我回想起往日时光。 I my old days when I see the film. 48.未来一整年将会出现许多新的挑战。 Many new challenges will come . 49.她每天享受着做这份工作带来的乐趣。 She enjoys the every day. 50.周末公园里挤满了人。 The park people on weekends. 六、补全对话(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) A: Hey, Lily! Guess what? 51. B: Really? That’s cool! Which position are you trying for? A: I want to join the event planning team. I love coming up with fun activities for everyone. B: That’s perfect for you! You’re so creative. 52. A: Thanks! I’m writing a short speech about why I want to join. I also asked my cousin for advice — she was in the union last year. B: Smart! When is the interview? A: 53. Two teachers and a student leader will interview me. I’m feeling nervous now. B: Don’t worry. 54. Would you like me to help you practise? A: Yes, please! Could we practise together tomorrow at lunchtime? B: Of course! 55. A: Thanks so much! I hope I get in（被录取）— it’ll be such a cool experience. B: I’m sure you will! You’ll make it easily! A. Next Wednesday after school, in the meeting room. B. You’re great at talking to people! C.I’m going to apply to join the Students’ Union! D. They help students talk to teachers. E. What does the Students’ Union actually do? F. I’ll be your practice interviewer. G. How are you preparing (准备) the interview? 七、短文填空(共10空，每空1分，共10分) Today, I was asked about an unforgettable experience. That reminded me of a programme I took part in at a university. It was challenging 56. exciting. The university 57. (organize) two classes for us — Psychology and Cognitive Science. They improved my 58. (understand) of some topics. What’s 59. (much), taking part in the programme helped me develop some skills. Many of my classmates were university or high school students 60. around the world. Talking with them really improved my 61. (communicate) skills. In the Cognitive Science final project, I worked 62. five other students. They chose me as the team 63. (lead). I made plans and gave out 64. (task). The experience helped improve my leadership skills. I was even invited to give a speech. During that time, I lived away from my home. This required me to take full responsibility for 65. (I). As a result, I returned home more independent, more curious about the world, and more certain about the future path of my studies. 八、书面表达(10分) 本周五的英语口语课上有一个关于职业的分享环节，这次轮到你进行分享。假如你的叔叔是一名网约车司机 (a ride-hailing driver)，你准备向大家介绍他的职业。请你根据提示内容，用英语写一篇短文，为这次分享做准备。 Job description Benefits and challenges My uncle’s job My opinion 要求： (1) 语句通顺、意思连贯、语法正确； (2) 包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥； (3) 80—100 词（首句已给出，不计入总词数）。 My uncle is a ride-hailing driver.________________________________ 答案： 一、 1~5 CBADC 6~10 ABCCD 二、 11~15 ACBDC 16~20 CABBA 三、 21~23 AAC 24~27 ACDC 28~31 BDCC 32~35 DBCC 四、 36~45 CEADB 五、 A) 41.challenging 42.personality 43.training 44.skills 45.communication B) 46.a sense of achievement 47.am reminded of 48.throughout the year ahead 49.joys of doing the job 50.is filled with 六、 51~55 CGABF 七、 56.but 57.organized 58.understanding 59.more 60.from 61.communication 62.with 63.leader 64.tasks 65.myself 八、 My uncle is a ride-hailing driver. He works for a popular app called Didi. Every day, he receives orders through his phone, picks up passengers and drops them off at their places. He enjoys his job because he loves meeting different people daily and can choose his own working hours. However, the job can be challenging. He often has to sit for a long time and deal with heavy traffic. Still, he works hard to provide good service with his strong communication skills and friendly personality. I believe his job is very important, as it makes travelling around the city easier and more convenient for everyone. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $