第05讲（外研版选必三+选必四）单词、短语、重点易考单词变形+词义辨析（复习讲义）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦选择性必修第三、四册12个主题单元，围绕课标词汇语境运用核心考点，整合熟词生义、构词法、派生词及固定搭配，按“词汇输入-语境迁移-输出升级”逻辑架构知识体系。通过单词变形、语法填空、段落盲测等环节梳理考点，结合同义替换、微完型进行方法指导，配套2025-2026年真题训练，帮助学生突破词汇应用难点，体现复习系统性与针对性。 资料以“语境化词汇复习”为特色，创新设计段落盲测（如UNIT 1含熟词生义的长难句翻译）和句型进阶（基础句升级为高考写作表达），培养学生语言能力与思维品质。分层设置单词拼写、短语填空、微完型练习，配合即时反馈，确保高效突破考点，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支撑。

第 05 讲 选择性必修第三、四册 词汇短语复习 考点要求 复习统计 考情分析 教材词汇 课标词汇 选择性必修第三册复习重点 外貌与自我认知、工匠精神与创新、战争与和平、人工智能、仿生与自然、文学与自然等六个主题单元。重点落实原词、派生词、固定搭配和语境迁移。 新高考词汇考查更加重视语境运用。 1. 适度考查学生不常接触的高考词汇。 2. 强化熟词生义和一词多义。 3. 加大构词法与派生词考查。 4. 全面考查情境意识、同义转换与输出能力。 选择性必修第四册复习重点 人生选择、人生哲理、中国文化传播、经济与创业、未知探索、太空探索等六个主题单元。强化构词法、熟词生义和写作升级。 一轮复习任务 两册共 12 个单元：教材词表全覆盖；每单元设置单词变形、语法填空、拼写、同义替换、段落盲测、高频短语、微完型与句型进阶。 构词法复习 名词↔形容词、动词↔名词、形容词↔副词、高频派生词；在真实句子中判断词性与词形。 语境迁移 以段落盲测和微完型为载体，将词义识别、固定搭配、同义转换与长难句理解放在同一语境中训练。 输出升级 每单元安排句型进阶，用教材词块把基础句升级为更地道、更符合高考写作要求的表达。 复习目标：以新课标词汇为依据，以选择性必修第三、四册教材词表为蓝本，在一轮复习中夯实词汇基础；反复积累高频派生、固定搭配和熟词生义，并在语篇阅读与写作中迁移运用。 选择性必修第三册 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 1 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．self-critical adj.自我批评的→self-criticism n.自我批评 2．enlarge v.扩大→enlargement n.扩大；扩建 3．acknowledge v.承认→acknowledgement n.承认；确认 4．assume v.假定→assumption n.假定，假设 5．psychology n.心理学→psychological adj.心理的→psychologist n.心理学家 6．fright n.惊吓→frightful adj.可怕的→frightfully adv.可怕地 7．monster n.怪物→monstrous adj.丑陋的；骇人的 8．grace n.优雅→graceful adj.优美的→gracefully adv.优雅地 9．repulse v.使厌恶→repulsive adj.令人厌恶的 10．comprehend v.理解→comprehension n.理解（力） 2.语法填空 1. A healthy person can be __________ without losing confidence. (self-critical) 2. The photograph needs slight __________ before printing. (enlarge) 3. Public __________ of a mistake often takes courage. (acknowledge) 4. The argument is based on a false __________. (assume) 5. The film explores the __________ pressure created by stereotypes. (psychology) 6. The old house looked __________ in the storm. (fright) 7. The character was described as a __________ beast. (monster) 8. The actress moved __________ across the stage. (grace) 9. The villain’s behaviour was deliberately made __________. (repulse) 10. Reading fiction can improve emotional __________. (comprehend) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 自我批评的 adj.. __________ 2. 雀斑；斑点 n.. __________ 3. 下巴的形状 n.. __________ 4. 促进；推动 v.. __________ 5. 自我陶醉者 n.. __________ 6. 痴迷的；迷恋的 adj.. __________ 7. 假装；装作 v.. __________ 8. 判断错误 v.. __________ 9. 完全相同的 adj.. __________ 10. 室友 n.. __________ 11. 古怪的；奇异的 adj.. __________ 12. 忽视；忽略 v.. __________ 13. 模式化的思想 n.. __________ 14. 胆小的；胆怯的 adj.. __________ 15. 忠贞的；忠实的 adj.. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. She is often too critical of herself. (critical of herself)（可替换为__________） 2. The makeover made her feel more confident. (feel more confident)（可替换为__________） 3. He admitted that his first judgement was wrong. (admitted)（可替换为__________） 4. The two photographs look exactly the same. (exactly the same)（可替换为__________） 5. We should not ignore a person’s feelings. (ignore)（可替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. exclaim v. __________________ 2. heartfelt adj. __________________ 3. compassion n. __________________ 4. exquisite adj. __________________ 5. resemble v. __________________ 6. downtrodden adj. __________________ 7. profound adj. __________________ 8. tenderness n. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 People often form quick opinions from outward appearance. A shy student with freckles may be misjudged as timid, while a confident speaker may be labelled a narcissist. Such stereotypes can shape the way we treat others. What matters most is whether we are willing to ①acknowledge our assumptions and look beyond a person’s face. Psychology reminds us that appearance and character are not ②identical, and genuine ③compassion requires patience. In literature, an apparently ④repulsive figure may reveal unexpected loyalty or tenderness. A novelist can use a character’s predicament to challenge readers and deepen their ⑤comprehension of human nature. 词汇 文中意思 ① acknowledge ________________ ② identical ________________ ③ compassion ________________ ④ repulsive ________________ ⑤ comprehension ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. boost one’s confidence 增强某人的信心 2. from head to toe 从头到脚 3. makeover （以新衣服、新发型等进行的）打扮；装扮 4. take a pill 服药 5. make an assumption 作出假设 6. acknowledge a fact 承认事实 7. show compassion for 对……表示同情 8. resemble...in 在……方面与……相似 9. be obsessed with 痴迷于…… 10. judge...by appearance 以外貌判断…… 11. look beyond 越过……看本质 12. repay kindness 回报善意 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. A few encouraging words can __________ before an interview. 2. The actor was dressed in black __________. 3. We should not __________ people only __________. 4. Good readers learn to __________ a character’s outward image. 5. She promised to __________ with sincere help. 3.微完型 围绕“外貌、自我认知与文学人物”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 A new student was nervous about her appearance. Her roommate first tried to __________ by praising her smile. At the school festival she was dressed elegantly __________, but she soon realised that a __________ could not solve every worry. Instead, she learned not to __________ others __________ and to __________ the kindness of friends who accepted her as she was. 1. A. look beyond B. boost her confidence C. repay kindness D. take a pill 2. A. by trial and error B. on standby C. at a glance D. from head to toe 3. A. makeover B. stereotype C. assumption D. predicament 4. A. resemble; in B. associate; with C. judge; by appearance D. bank; on 5. A. overlook B. repay C. shun D. dominate 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 我们不应该只根据外貌判断一个人。（提示词：judge...by appearance） 基础版：We should not judge a person only by appearance. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 这次谈话增强了她的自信。（提示词：boost one’s confidence） 基础版：The talk made her more confident. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 他承认自己的第一印象是错误的。（提示词：acknowledge） 基础版：He admitted his first impression was wrong. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 真正的同情要求我们理解他人的处境。（提示词：compassion） 基础版：We should understand others when we feel sorry for them. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 2 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．fascinate v.使着迷→fascination n.着迷；迷恋 2．craft n.技能→craftsmanship n.手艺；工艺；技艺 3．restore v.修复→restoration n.修复；整修 4．prosper v.繁荣→prosperous adj.繁荣的 5．ambition n.志向→ambitious adj.有雄心的 6．associate v.联系→association n.联系→associated adj.联合的 7．analyse v.分析→analysis n.分析 8．preserve v.保护→preservation n.保护；保存 9．intricate adj.错综复杂的→intricately adv.精细复杂地 10．painstaking adj.费尽心思的→painstakingly adv.精心地 2.语法填空 1. Her __________ with traditional clocks began in childhood. (fascinate) 2. The timepiece shows extraordinary __________. (craft) 3. The __________ of the antique took several months. (restore) 4. The workshop once stood in a __________ trading town. (prosper) 5. The young artisan began an __________ project. (ambition) 6. Several costs are __________ with the restoration. (associate) 7. A careful __________ of the design revealed its secret. (analyse) 8. Museums play a key role in the __________ of crafts. (preserve) 9. The case was __________ decorated by hand. (intricate) 10. The clock was __________ repaired piece by piece. (painstaking) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 镜头 n.. __________ 2. 食品杂货店 n.. __________ 3. 着迷；迷恋 n.. __________ 4. 不复杂的；简单的 adj.. __________ 5. 名人；明星 n.. __________ 6. 人类学家 n.. __________ 7. 试验 n.. __________ 8. 原子能的；核能的 adj.. __________ 9. 喷气推进 n.. __________ 10. 表扬；赞赏 n.. __________ 11. 粗的；粗糙的 adj.. __________ 12. 古董；古玩 n.. __________ 13. 计时器；钟；表 n.. __________ 14. 工匠；手艺人 n.. __________ 15. 永恒的；恒久的 adj.. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The inventor tried many times before succeeding. (tried many times)（可替换为__________） 2. The engineer created a completely new approach. (created a completely new approach)（可替换为__________） 3. The device was at the most advanced stage of technology. (most advanced stage)（可替换为__________） 4. The artisan refused to give up his traditional method. (give up)（可替换为__________） 5. The design required very careful work. (very careful)（可替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. craftsmanship n. __________________ 2. envoy n. __________________ 3. workshop n. __________________ 4. metaphor n. __________________ 5. nonetheless adv. __________________ 6. artisan n. __________________ 7. sedately adv. __________________ 8. architecture n. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 A master craftsperson may spend a lifetime perfecting one skill. In an age of rapid change, this kind of patience can seem old-fashioned, yet it remains valuable. The finest ①craftsmanship is rarely produced overnight. An artisan often works ②painstakingly, learning by trial and error and refusing to back down when a problem appears. Innovation also matters. A designer may ③break new ground by combining a ④timeless technique with modern science. Such work can place a small workshop at the ⑤cutting edge of a whole industry. 词汇 文中意思 ① craftsmanship ________________ ② painstakingly ________________ ③ break new ground ________________ ④ timeless ________________ ⑤ cutting edge ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. by trial and error 反复试验 2. back down 退让；认输 3. the cutting edge of ……的尖端；最前沿 4. think outside the box 不拘一格地思考 5. break new ground 开辟新领域 6. win acclaim 赢得赞誉 7. shun the spotlight 避开聚光灯/媒体关注 8. preserve craftsmanship 保护传统技艺 9. restore an antique 修复古董 10. at a maximum 达到最大值 11. be associated with 与……有关 12. comprise... 包括；由……构成 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. Great inventors often learn __________. 2. When criticism came, the engineer refused to __________. 3. The laboratory is at __________ green technology. 4. Creative people are willing to __________. 5. The project helped the young team __________. 3.微完型 围绕“工匠精神、创新与终身事业”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 A young engineer joined an old workshop and learned __________ under a patient artisan. When early designs failed, neither of them would __________. They studied new materials at __________ modern technology and learned to __________ instead of copying existing products. Eventually their device helped the team __________ and won national attention. 1. A. at a glance B. in vain C. by trial and error D. on standby 2. A. back down B. fade away C. pass up D. shirk 3. A. the naked eye B. the expense of C. the horizon of D. the cutting edge of 4. A. make ends meet B. run for one’s life C. think outside the box D. cast a shadow 5. A. take a pill B. break new ground C. make a getaway D. go into debt 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 真正的工匠精神来自耐心和反复试验。（提示词：by trial and error） 基础版：Good work needs patience and repeated tests. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 这项发明开辟了一个新的领域。（提示词：break new ground） 基础版：The invention created a new field. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 这个实验室处于行业最前沿。（提示词：the cutting edge） 基础版：The laboratory is very advanced. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 优秀的设计师敢于跳出框架思考。（提示词：think outside the box） 基础版：Good designers think differently. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 3 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．violence n.暴力→violent adj.狂暴的；凶暴的 2．ally n.同盟国→allied adj.同盟国的 3．peacekeep v.维持和平→peacekeeping n.维持和平→peacekeeper n.维和人员 4．profession n.职业→professional adj.专业的→professionalism n.专业精神 5．intellect n.智力→intellectual adj.智力的；脑力的 6．aggression n.侵略→aggressive adj.侵略性的 7．dedicate v.奉献→dedication n.奉献 8．represent v.代表→representative n.代表 9．commemorate v.纪念→commemoration n.纪念活动 10．stability n.稳定→stable adj.稳定的 2.语法填空 1. The soldiers were caught in a __________ storm at sea. (violence) 2. The __________ troops landed before dawn. (ally) 3. The country sent troops on a __________ mission. (peacekeep) 4. The rescue team was admired for its __________. (profession) 5. The museum presents the war’s moral and __________ challenges. (intellect) 6. The policy was designed to prevent __________ action. (aggression) 7. The memorial honours the __________ of ordinary soldiers. (dedicate) 8. A veterans’ __________ spoke at the ceremony. (represent) 9. The town held a public __________ on the anniversary. (commemorate) 10. Peacekeeping aims to create a more __________ society. (stability) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 狂暴的；凶暴的 adj.. __________ 2. （军队的）登陆 n.. __________ 3. 部队；军队 n.. __________ 4. 起代号为 v.. __________ 5. 潮水 n.. __________ 6. 最高的 adj.. __________ 7. 指挥官；长官 n.. __________ 8. 降落伞 n.. __________ 9. 海岸线 n.. __________ 10. 炮火 n.. __________ 11. 坦克 n.. __________ 12. 解放 v.. __________ 13. 纪念的；追悼的 adj.. __________ 14. 维和人员 n.. __________ 15. 弹药 n.. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The troops were very tired after days of fighting. (very tired)（可替换为__________） 2. The operation was extremely difficult. (extremely difficult)（可替换为__________） 3. The town held an event to remember the fallen. (remember)（可替换为__________） 4. The speech praised the soldiers’ great devotion. (devotion)（可替换为__________） 5. The plan made the city stronger against attack. (made...stronger)（可替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. solemn adj. __________________ 2. condemn v. __________________ 3. peacekeeping n. __________________ 4. combatant n. __________________ 5. aggression n. __________________ 6. dire adj. __________________ 7. invader n. __________________ 8. blueprint n. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 War is often remembered through dates, commanders and major battles, but its deepest effects are felt by ordinary people. A single landing may alter the future of an entire coastline. What should never be forgotten is the human cost of ①violence. Soldiers become ②weary, families are displaced, and communities may spend decades trying to recover their ③stability. Memorials therefore do more than record victory. They ④commemorate sacrifice and invite each generation to reaffirm its ⑤dedication to peace. 词汇 文中意思 ① violence ________________ ② weary ________________ ③ stability ________________ ④ commemorate ________________ ⑤ dedication ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. on standby 待命 2. maintain stability 维持稳定 3. disarm combatants 解除战斗人员武装 4. condemn aggression 谴责侵略 5. fortify a position 加固阵地 6. emerge from war 从战争中走出 7. shirk responsibility 逃避责任 8. commemorate an anniversary 纪念周年纪念日 9. reaffirm a commitment 重申承诺 10. collective memory 集体记忆 11. blueprint for peace 和平蓝图 12. pay tribute to 向……致敬 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. The medical team remained __________ throughout the night. 2. The agreement was designed to __________ in the region. 3. The resolution clearly __________. 4. The ceremony will __________ of the liberation. 5. Leaders used the meeting to __________ to peace. 3.微完型 围绕“战争与和平、纪念与责任”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 Before the anniversary ceremony, emergency teams remained __________. Local leaders said that lasting peace requires societies to __________ and clearly __________ whenever violence is used. The ceremony itself would __________ of liberation and allow representatives to __________ to peace for the next generation. 1. A. from head to toe B. at ease with C. in a row D. on standby 2. A. make a getaway B. maintain stability C. go into debt D. take a pill 3. A. win acclaim B. shun the spotlight C. condemn aggression D. bank on 4. A. commemorate an anniversary B. restore an antique C. boost confidence D. check out 5. A. test the waters B. reap wheat C. rent out D. reaffirm a commitment 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 维和人员必须始终保持待命状态。（提示词：on standby） 基础版：Peacekeepers must always be ready. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 任何国家都不应逃避维护和平的责任。（提示词：shirk responsibility） 基础版：No country should avoid its responsibility for peace. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 纪念活动帮助我们铭记牺牲。（提示词：commemorate） 基础版：The ceremony helps us remember sacrifice. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 各方需要重申对和平的承诺。（提示词：reaffirm a commitment） 基础版：All sides need to promise peace again. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 4 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．human n.人→humanity n.人类 2．automate v.使自动化→automation n.自动化 3．potential adj.潜在的→potentially adv.潜在地 4．analyse v.分析→analysis n.分析 5．regulate v.管理→regulation n.管理；规定 6．imitate v.模仿→imitation n.仿制品；模仿 7．mechanic n.机械师→mechanical adj.机械的 8．despair n.绝望→desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的 9．consist v.一致→consistent adj.一贯的→consistency n.一致性 10．assess v.评估→assessment n.评估 2.语法填空 1. Artificial intelligence may change the future of __________. (humanity) 2. Factory __________ has transformed production. (automate) 3. The technology could __________ reduce medical errors. (potential) 4. A careful __________ of the data is necessary. (analyse) 5. AI development requires effective __________. (regulate) 6. The robot’s voice is an impressive __________ of human speech. (imitate) 7. The device uses a complex __________ arm. (mechanic) 8. The team made a __________ attempt to restore the system. (despair) 9. The results are __________ with earlier findings. (consist) 10. Every new system needs an ethical __________. (assess) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 人造的；人工的 adj.. __________ 2. 人工智能 n.. __________ 3. 助手；助理 n.. __________ 4. 易受影响的 adj.. __________ 5. 受害者 n.. __________ 6. 能力；才能 n.. __________ 7. 飞跃 n.. __________ 8. 非法的；违法的 adj.. __________ 9. 不道德的 adj.. __________ 10. 客户；客人；顾客 n.. __________ 11. 引用；引述 v.. __________ 12. 评价；评定 v.. __________ 13. 地平线 n.. __________ 14. （物体坠落、炸弹爆炸等造成的）坑 n.. __________ 15. 线索；提示 n.. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The new system is likely to change medical work. (likely)（可替换为__________） 2. We depend on technology for many tasks. (depend on)（可替换为__________） 3. The problem is likely to appear soon. (appear soon)（可替换为__________） 4. The engineer believed the sensor was broken. (broken)（可替换为__________） 5. The report considered the possible risks. (considered)（可替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. susceptible adj. __________________ 2. automation n. __________________ 3. positronic adj. __________________ 4. wavelength n. __________________ 5. mutt n. __________________ 6. reckon v. __________________ 7. faulty adj. __________________ 8. crater n. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Artificial intelligence can perform tasks that once seemed uniquely human. It can analyse data, imitate voices and control mechanical systems with remarkable speed. The key question, however, is not simply what machines can do, but what society should allow them to do. People who are ①susceptible to false information may become victims of ②immoral uses of automation. Good policy therefore needs careful ③assessment and clear rules. If regulation remains ④consistent, society can make use of AI’s ⑤potential while protecting human values. 词汇 文中意思 ① susceptible ________________ ② immoral ________________ ③ assessment ________________ ④ consistent ________________ ⑤ potential ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. bank on 依靠；指望 2. on the horizon 将要发生 3. be bound to 很有可能；肯定会 4. assess the risk 评估风险 5. regulate AI 监管人工智能 6. cite evidence 引用证据 7. analyse data 分析数据 8. meet demand 满足需求 9. mechanical imitation 机械模仿 10. follow a clue 追踪线索 11. protect a client 保护客户 12. remain consistent with 与……保持一致 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. We should not __________ one algorithm for every decision. 2. Major changes in education may be __________. 3. AI is __________ influence future workplaces. 4. Before using the system, experts must __________. 5. Governments need clear laws to __________. 3.微完型 围绕“人工智能、伦理与未来”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 New technology is moving quickly. Schools should not __________ one tool for every task, because more changes are already __________. Artificial intelligence is __________ transform many jobs, so experts must carefully __________ before systems are released. At the same time, governments need effective rules to __________ without blocking useful innovation. 1. A. bank on B. reap C. withdraw D. suspend 2. A. in vain B. from head to toe C. on the horizon D. on standby 3. A. at ease with B. bound to C. associated with D. native to 4. A. boost confidence B. make ends meet C. pay tribute D. assess the risk 5. A. regulate AI B. reap wheat C. rent out D. restore antiques 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 我们不能把所有决定都依赖于算法。（提示词：bank on） 基础版：We cannot depend on algorithms for every decision. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 人工智能很可能改变未来的工作方式。（提示词：be bound to） 基础版：AI will probably change future work. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 新风险已经初现端倪。（提示词：on the horizon） 基础版：New risks may appear soon. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 我们需要在创新与伦理之间保持一致。（提示词：consistent） 基础版：Innovation and ethics should not conflict. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 5 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．architect n.建筑师→architecture n.建筑设计 2．mimic v.模仿→mimicry n.模仿→biomimicry n.仿生学 3．convert v.使转变→conversion n.转换 4．fulfil v.实现→fulfilment n.满足（感） 5．evaluate v.评估→evaluation n.评估 6．pure adj.纯洁的→purity n.纯洁；洁净 7．botany n.植物学→botanical adj.植物（学）的 8．depress v.使沮丧→depressive adj.抑郁的 9．reluctance n.不情愿→reluctant adj.不情愿的 10．employ v.使用；雇用→employment n.使用；就业 2.语法填空 1. The building’s __________ was inspired by lotus leaves. (architect) 2. __________ seeks engineering ideas from nature. (mimic) 3. The device allows the __________ of sunlight into energy. (convert) 4. Creative work can bring a strong sense of __________. (fulfil) 5. The design needs further __________ before production. (evaluate) 6. The water’s __________ is essential to the experiment. (pure) 7. Researchers studied __________ structures in the desert. (botany) 8. The grey environment had a slightly __________ effect. (depress) 9. Some engineers were __________ to copy nature directly. (reluctance) 10. The project involves the clever __________ of natural principles. (employ) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 莲花；荷花 n.. __________ 2. 白蚁 n.. __________ 3. 土堆；土丘 n.. __________ 4. 藻类（植物） n.. __________ 5. 松果；松球 n.. __________ 6. 瓦片 n.. __________ 7. 滨水地区 n.. __________ 8. 滨海步行道 n.. __________ 9. 管道系统 n.. __________ 10. 极好的；出色的 adj.. __________ 11. 二氧化物 n.. __________ 12. （学科的）知识前沿 n.. __________ 13. 回声定位 n.. __________ 14. 雷达 n.. __________ 15. 蜻蜓 n.. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. Engineers learned ideas from bats. (learned ideas from)（可替换为__________） 2. Scientists tried to find answers to the cooling problem. (find answers to)（可替换为__________） 3. We often fail to value clean water because it is familiar. (fail to value)（可替换为__________） 4. The team used a natural structure in the new design. (used)（可替换为__________） 5. The prototype changed heat into electricity. (changed...into)（可替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. biomimicry n. __________________ 2. waterfront n. __________________ 3. promenade n. __________________ 4. plumbing n. __________________ 5. echo-location n. __________________ 6. dragonfly n. __________________ 7. physician n. __________________ 8. botanical adj. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Nature has solved engineering problems for millions of years. A lotus leaf stays clean, a termite mound controls temperature, and a bat locates objects in darkness. These examples show why designers increasingly use ①biomimicry. Instead of inventing everything from zero, they ②take inspiration from natural systems and ③employ their principles in new technology. Good biomimetic design does not simply copy a shape. Engineers must ④evaluate how a natural mechanism works and then ⑤convert that wisdom into a practical solution. 词汇 文中意思 ① biomimicry ________________ ② take inspiration from ________________ ③ employ ________________ ④ evaluate ________________ ⑤ convert ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. take...for granted 认为……理所当然 2. seek solutions to 寻求……的解决方法 3. take inspiration from 从……中获取灵感 4. employ a principle 运用原理 5. convert...into 把……转化为…… 6. at the frontier of 处于……前沿 7. learn from nature 向自然学习 8. mimic a structure 模仿结构 9. evaluate a design 评估设计 10. be at ease with 不拘束；放松 11. attain a goal 达到目标 12. gain fulfilment 获得满足感 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. We often __________ the services nature provides. 2. Engineers are trying to __________ urban cooling. 3. Many inventions __________ plants and animals. 4. The device can __________ heat __________ electricity. 5. The team works __________ sustainable design. 3.微完型 围绕“仿生学、自然智慧与创新”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 People sometimes __________ the quiet services provided by nature. When engineers __________ difficult problems, they can __________ plants and animals rather than start from nothing. A successful idea may __________ a natural process __________ useful technology and place a company __________ sustainable design. 1. A. pay tribute to B. pass up C. shun D. take for granted 2. A. run for one’s life B. put off C. seek solutions to D. go into debt 3. A. take inspiration from B. reject out of hand C. cast a shadow on D. make ends meet 4. A. judge; by B. convert; into C. link; to D. blame; on 5. A. from head to toe B. in vain C. at the frontier of D. on standby 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 我们不应把自然资源视为理所当然。（提示词：take...for granted） 基础版：We should value natural resources. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 工程师可以从自然中获取灵感。（提示词：take inspiration from） 基础版：Engineers can get ideas from nature. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 研究团队正在寻找污染问题的解决方法。（提示词：seek solutions to） 基础版：The team is trying to solve pollution. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 这项技术把废热转化为电能。（提示词：convert...into） 基础版：The technology changes waste heat to electricity. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 6 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．secret adj.秘密的→secrecy n.保密；秘密状态 2．flush v.使发红→flushed adj.脸红的 3．sparkle n./v.闪耀→sparkling adj.闪耀的 4．red adj.红色的→redden v.（使）变红 5．innocence n.天真→innocent adj.天真无邪的 6．enhance v.增强→enhancement n.增强 7．elegance n.优美→elegant adj.优美的 8．passion n.激情→passionate adj.有强烈信念的 9．precision n.精确→precise adj.精确的 10．repute n.名声→reputation n.名誉→reputable adj.声誉好的 2.语法填空 1. The writer worked in complete __________ for months. (secret) 2. Her cheeks were __________ by the cold wind. (flush) 3. The poem describes __________ dew on the grass. (sparkle) 4. The setting sun began to __________ the clouds. (red) 5. The child’s __________ question made everyone smile. (innocence) 6. Careful imagery can lead to the __________ of a poem’s mood. (enhance) 7. The poem is admired for its __________ simplicity. (elegance) 8. She gave a __________ reading of the poem. (passion) 9. The poet chose a __________ image for each season. (precision) 10. The writer gained an international __________. (reputation) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 检查员；巡视员 n.. __________ 2. 刮胡子 n.. __________ 3. 李子；梅子 n.. __________ 4. 闪耀；闪光 n.. __________ 5. 开阔的景观；景色 n.. __________ 6. 小薄片 n.. __________ 7. （公鸡形）风标 n.. __________ 8. 雪花石膏 n.. __________ 9. 鹅 n.. __________ 10. 羽毛 n.. __________ 11. 果园 n.. __________ 12. 一串；一丛；一簇 n.. __________ 13. 收割（庄稼） v.. __________ 14. 垂死的；奄奄一息的 adj.. __________ 15. 知更鸟 n.. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The flowers slowly disappeared as winter came. (disappeared)（可替换为__________） 2. A soft wind moved across the field. (soft wind)（可替换为__________） 3. The poem makes the beauty of spring stronger. (makes...stronger)（可替换为__________） 4. The branches shook in the cold. (shook)（可替换为__________） 5. The writer intentionally used a simple rural scene. (intentionally)（可替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. weathercock n. __________________ 2. alabaster n. __________________ 3. moribund adj. __________________ 4. catbird n. __________________ 5. marsh n. __________________ 6. fable n. __________________ 7. posthumous adj. __________________ 8. marine adj. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Nature writing often begins with small details: a feather on a lane, a cluster of wheat, the faint sound of a bird in an orchard. A careful writer notices how light ①reddens a church wall, how a cold branch ②trembles, or how a field seems to ③bloom after rain. These precise images can transform an ordinary ④prospect into something memorable. The best descriptions also carry emotion. Their quiet ⑤elegance helps readers feel both the beauty and the passing nature of rural life. 词汇 文中意思 ① reddens ________________ ② trembles ________________ ③ bloom ________________ ④ prospect ________________ ⑤ elegance ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. cast a shadow on 给……蒙上阴影 2. sweep across 吹过；掠过 3. fade away 逐渐消失 4. reap the wheat 收割小麦 5. a cluster of 一簇；一串 6. a gentle breeze 一阵轻柔的微风 7. redden the sky 映红天空 8. bloom in spring 在春天开花 9. alert...to 提醒……注意 10. with precision 精确地 11. gain a reputation 赢得名誉 12. be passionate about 热衷于…… 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. Dark clouds may __________ the landscape. 2. A cool wind began to __________ the orchard. 3. The last light slowly __________. 4. Farmers returned to __________. 5. The poem describes __________ white flowers. 3.微完型 围绕“自然文学、乡村景物与诗意表达”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 By late afternoon, dark clouds began to __________ the valley. A cool wind __________ the orchard, and the last sunlight slowly __________. Farmers hurried to __________ before the rain arrived, while a poet paused beside __________ white flowers and wrote down the scene. 1. A. bank on B. cast a shadow on C. break new ground D. make ends meet 2. A. sweep across B. go into debt C. pass up D. check out 3. A. backed down B. took action C. set out D. faded away 4. A. reap the wheat B. regulate AI C. shun the spotlight D. boost confidence 5. A. a far cry from B. at the expense of C. a cluster of D. the naked eye 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 乌云给整个山谷蒙上了阴影。（提示词：cast a shadow on） 基础版：Dark clouds made the valley dark. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 一阵轻柔的微风掠过果园。（提示词：sweep across） 基础版：A soft wind moved through the orchard. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 诗人精确地描写了春天的颜色。（提示词：with precision） 基础版：The poet described spring colours carefully. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 她对自然诗歌充满热情。（提示词：be passionate about） 基础版：She likes nature poetry very much. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 选择性必修第四册 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 1 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．ambition n.追求；理想→ambitious adj.有抱负的 2．participate v.参与→participation n.参与 3．complex adj.复杂的→complexity n.复杂性 4．commerce n.商业→commercial adj.商业的 5．thought n.思考→thoughtful adj.认真思考的 6．symbol n.象征→symbolize v.象征 7．qualify v.使合格→qualified adj.合格的 8．fluent adj.流利的→fluency n.流利 9．sincere adj.真诚的→sincerely adv.真诚地 10．admit v.允许进入→admission n.允许进入；录取 2.语法填空 1. She set herself an __________ career goal. (ambition) 2. Student __________ in career activities increased. (participate) 3. The decision has more __________ than it first appears. (complex) 4. He gained experience at a __________ radio station. (commerce) 5. A __________ decision takes both values and facts into account. (thought) 6. The crossroads may __________ a major life choice. (symbol) 7. Only __________ applicants will be interviewed. (qualify) 8. The job requires strong English __________. (fluent) 9. She __________ thanked the interviewer. (sincere) 10. University __________ can influence future plans. (admit) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 采取行动 phr.. __________ 2. （男性的）童年时期；少年时代 n.. __________ 3. 接受工作培训的人；实习生 n.. __________ 4. 通讯员；记者 n.. __________ 5. 私家侦探 n.. __________ 6. 最后；最终 adv.. __________ 7. 小圆点 n.. __________ 8. 往回；往前面 adv.. __________ 9. 岔开；分开 v.. __________ 10. 下木层；下层灌木丛 n.. __________ 11. 许多的；很多的 adj.. __________ 12. 困境；进退两难的境地 n.. __________ 13. 情况；情形 n.. __________ 14. 感情；钟爱 n.. __________ 15. 当班时间 n.. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. She finally decided what career to choose. (decided)（可替换为__________） 2. He did not want to miss a rare opportunity. (miss)（可替换为__________） 3. She began to doubt her earlier decision. (doubt her earlier decision)（可替换为__________） 4. They delayed the meeting until Friday. (delayed)（可替换为__________） 5. We should consider the advantages and disadvantages. (consider)（可替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. bullfighting n. __________________ 2. commercial n. __________________ 3. alternative n. __________________ 4. dilemma n. __________________ 5. circumstance n. __________________ 6. fluency n. __________________ 7. refreshments n. __________________ 8. correspondent n. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Young people often imagine that a major life decision should be simple. In reality, choices about university, work and relationships can diverge in unexpected ways. A sensible decision-maker does not reject an option out of hand. Instead, he or she ①weighs up alternatives, considers the ②circumstances and asks whether a choice fits long-term ③ambition. It is also normal to ④have second thoughts. The important thing is to think carefully, make up one’s mind and then take ⑤action when the time is right. 词汇 文中意思 ① weighs up ________________ ② circumstances ________________ ③ ambition ________________ ④ have second thoughts ________________ ⑤ action ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. make up one’s mind 做出决定 2. pass up 放过；错过（机会） 3. have second thoughts 产生怀疑 4. put off 推迟 5. reject...out of hand 坚决拒绝……；彻底否决…… 6. weigh up 仔细考虑；权衡 7. take action 采取行动 8. participate in 参加；参与 9. arise from 由……引起 10. under the circumstances 在这种情况下 11. be qualified for 有资格…… 12. work a shift 轮班工作 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. After long discussion, she finally __________. 2. He refused to __________ the chance to study abroad. 3. Many students __________ after receiving a second offer. 4. Do not __________ an important decision forever. 5. Before choosing, you should __________ all the alternatives. 3.微完型 围绕“人生选择、决定与职业规划”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 Li Ming received two offers and could not decide. After talking with his family, he finally __________. He did not want to __________ a rare opportunity, but he also began to __________ when he considered the costs. Rather than __________ the decision again, he chose to __________ the advantages and disadvantages carefully. 1. A. ran for his life B. went into debt C. made up his mind D. took a pill 2. A. cast a shadow on B. reap C. sweep across D. pass up 3. A. take inspiration from B. have second thoughts C. break new ground D. be on standby 4. A. commemorate B. regulate C. reaffirm D. put off 5. A. weigh up B. shun C. redden D. mimic 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 经过认真权衡，她终于做出了决定。（提示词：weigh up / make up one’s mind） 基础版：She thought carefully and decided. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 不要轻易错过真正适合你的机会。（提示词：pass up） 基础版：Do not miss a good opportunity. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 在这种情况下，推迟决定可能更明智。（提示词：under the circumstances / put off） 基础版：Maybe it is better to decide later. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 他有资格申请这份实习。（提示词：be qualified for） 基础版：He can apply for the training job. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 2 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．weak adj.虚弱的→weaken v.（使）虚弱 2．pessimism n.悲观→pessimistic adj.悲观的 3．anticipate v.预期→anticipation n.预期 4．possess v.拥有→possession n.财产；财物 5．recognise v.承认→recognition n.承认；认可 6．cooperate v.合作→cooperation n.合作 7．pure adj.纯净的→purity n.纯净 8．transparent adj.透明的→transparency n.透明 9．instinct n.本能→instinctively adv.本能地 10．luxury n.奢华→luxurious adj.奢华的 2.语法填空 1. Long illness can __________ both body and confidence. (weak) 2. A __________ attitude can make difficulties seem larger. (pessimism) 3. The children waited in eager __________. (anticipate) 4. After the storm, many families lost their __________. (possess) 5. The volunteer’s work gained public __________. (recognise) 6. Recovery depends on trust and __________. (cooperate) 7. The mountain spring remained remarkably __________. (pure) 8. The organization promised greater financial __________. (transparent) 9. She __________ reached out to help the child. (instinct) 10. They chose a simple life rather than a __________ one. (luxury) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. （使）重聚 phr.. __________ 2. 不正常的；反常的 adj.. __________ 3. 广泛流传的 adj.. __________ 4. 成语；习语；警句 n.. __________ 5. 工作酬金；服务费 n.. __________ 6. 大学学费 n.. __________ 7. 张开的；伸开的 adj.. __________ 8. 挤满 v.. __________ 9. 恼火的 adj.. __________ 10. 荒唐的；愚蠢的 adj.. __________ 11. 倚；靠 v.. __________ 12. 绝望 n.. __________ 13. 奢华；奢侈 n.. __________ 14. 抚摸 v.. __________ 15. 夫人；太太；女士 n.. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The long journey made him less strong. (less strong)（可替换为__________） 2. Everyone accepted the value of the idea. (accepted)（可替换为__________） 3. They worked together to solve the problem. (worked together)（可替换为__________） 4. Her first reaction came without thinking. (without thinking)（可替换为__________） 5. He lost hope completely. (lost hope)（可替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. outstretched adj. __________________ 2. vexed adj. __________________ 3. absurd adj. __________________ 4. stroke v. __________________ 5. despair n. __________________ 6. possession n. __________________ 7. recognition n. __________________ 8. luxury n. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Stories about hardship often remind us that a meaningful life is not measured by possessions alone. Wealth can disappear, health can weaken, and carefully made plans can fail. What keeps people moving forward is often their ability to avoid ①despair and maintain human connection. Friends may ②cooperate, strangers may offer an ③outstretched hand, and communities may help people rebuild. With time, suffering can produce a different kind of ④recognition: what once seemed a luxury may be less important than trust, dignity and the ⑤pure joy of being reunited with loved ones. 词汇 文中意思 ① despair ________________ ② cooperate ________________ ③ outstretched ________________ ④ recognition ________________ ⑤ pure ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. be reunited with 与……重聚 2. lean on 依靠 3. in despair 绝望地 4. gain recognition 获得认可 5. cooperate with 与……合作 6. pay a fee 支付费用 7. cram into 挤进 8. live in luxury 过奢华生活 9. reach out to 向……伸出援手 10. remain pure 保持纯洁 11. anticipate change 预期变化 12. show affection 表达喜爱 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. After years apart, the family was finally __________ one another. 2. In difficult times, people often __________ close friends. 3. The hero refused to give up even __________. 4. Her efforts gradually began to __________. 5. Local groups agreed to __________ each other. 3.微完型 围绕“人生哲理、苦难与成长”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 After a long separation, two brothers were finally __________ each other. During difficult years they had learned to __________ friends and family rather than face everything alone. Even __________, neither had completely given up. Their quiet courage slowly began to __________, and community organizations learned to __________ one another more effectively. 1. A. reunited with B. at ease with C. associated with D. native to 2. A. shun B. lean on C. ban D. reap 3. A. on standby B. from head to toe C. in despair D. at a glance 4. A. go into debt B. gain recognition C. take a pill D. make a getaway 5. A. judge by B. convert into C. blame on D. cooperate with 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 多年后，他们终于与家人重聚。（提示词：be reunited with） 基础版：They met their family again after many years. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 困难时我们可以依靠彼此。（提示词：lean on） 基础版：We can depend on each other in difficulties. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 即使绝望，他也没有放弃。（提示词：in despair） 基础版：He did not give up although he was hopeless. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 合作使社区更加强大。（提示词：cooperate） 基础版：Working together made the community stronger. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．glory n.辉煌→glorious adj.辉煌的 2．religion n.宗教→religious adj.宗教的 3．heaven n.天国→heavenly adj.天国的 4．strength n.力量→strengthen v.加强 5．history n.历史→historian n.历史学家→historical adj.历史的 6．romance n.传奇故事→romantic adj.浪漫的 7．testify v.证明→testimony n.证据；证明 8．cover v.覆盖→coverage n.覆盖范围 9．enormous adj.巨大的→enormously adv.极其 10．scholar n.学者→scholarship n.学术研究；奖学金 2.语法填空 1. Visitors were impressed by the city’s __________ past. (glory) 2. The murals contain many __________ images. (religion) 3. The dancers were described as __________ figures. (heaven) 4. Cultural exchange can __________ mutual understanding. (strength) 5. A local __________ explained the story of the site. (history) 6. The legend has a deeply __________ ending. (romance) 7. The murals provide valuable __________ to cultural exchange. (testify) 8. International media __________ increased after the expo. (cover) 9. The project contributed __________ to public interest. (enormous) 10. The institute is known for serious __________ on Chinese classics. (scholar) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 通向……的门户 n.. __________ 2. （沙漠中的）绿洲 n.. __________ 3. 自豪地拥有（好事物） v.. __________ 4. 小洞穴 n.. __________ 5. 壁画 n.. __________ 6. 飞天 n.. __________ 7. 高峰；顶点 n.. __________ 8. 道士 n.. __________ 9. 纸卷；卷轴 n.. __________ 10. 陶瓷制品 n.. __________ 11. 展览会；博览会 n.. __________ 12. 汉学家 n.. __________ 13. 寺庙；寺院 n.. __________ 14. 牧羊人 n.. __________ 15. 计谋；策略 n.. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The old route served as an entrance to different cultures. (entrance)（可替换为__________） 2. The city is proud to have many historic sites. (is proud to have)（可替换为__________） 3. The murals are evidence of ancient exchange. (evidence)（可替换为__________） 4. The festival made cultural links stronger. (made...stronger)（可替换为__________） 5. The exhibition received attention from many media. (attention from many media)（可替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. gateway n. __________________ 2. grotto n. __________________ 3. testimony n. __________________ 4. Apsaras n. __________________ 5. Sinologist n. __________________ 6. scroll n. __________________ 7. ceramics n. __________________ 8. stratagem n. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 For centuries, trade routes across Asia carried not only goods but also stories, beliefs and artistic ideas. Desert oases became gateways where travellers from different cultures met. The surviving ①murals and ②scrolls are powerful ③testimony to those encounters. They show how local artists learned from foreign styles while creating something distinctly Chinese. Today, museums, scholars and cultural ④expos continue to ⑤strengthen dialogue. By explaining the past clearly, they help the world understand how civilizations have influenced one another. 词汇 文中意思 ① murals ________________ ② scrolls ________________ ③ testimony ________________ ④ expos ________________ ⑤ strengthen ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. prior to 在……之前 2. serve as a gateway to 作为通向……的门户 3. boast a long history 拥有悠久历史 4. provide testimony to 为……提供证据 5. strengthen cultural ties 加强文化联系 6. gain wide coverage 获得广泛报道 7. reach a peak 达到顶峰 8. hold an expo 举办博览会 9. study the I Ching 研究《易经》 10. read The Analects 研读《论语》 11. promote mutual understanding 促进相互理解 12. tell a romantic legend 讲述传奇故事 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. The oasis once __________ the western regions. 2. The city __________ and many ancient temples. 3. The murals __________ early cultural exchange. 4. Exchange programmes can __________. 5. The exhibition quickly __________ in international media. 3.微完型 围绕“中国文化、文明互鉴与传播”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 The ancient city once __________ the western regions and today still __________. Its murals and ceramics __________ centuries of cultural exchange. Modern exhibitions aim to __________, and a recent international expo __________ in major media around the world. 1. A. made ends meet B. took a pill C. served as a gateway to D. went into debt 2. A. boasts a long history B. is on standby C. is at ease with D. is bound to 3. A. provide testimony to B. shun the spotlight C. run for one’s life D. sweep across 4. A. reap the wheat B. boost a jawline C. rent out D. strengthen cultural ties 5. A. had second thoughts B. gained wide coverage C. made a getaway D. cast a shadow 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 这座城市曾是通往西域的重要门户。（提示词：gateway） 基础版：The city was an important entrance to the western regions. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 这些壁画为文化交流提供了有力证据。（提示词：testimony） 基础版：These murals prove cultural exchange happened. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 文化交流能够加强相互理解。（提示词：strengthen） 基础版：Cultural exchange can improve understanding. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 展览获得了国际媒体的广泛报道。（提示词：coverage） 基础版：International media reported the exhibition widely. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 4 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．enterprise n.事业→enterprising adj.有创业精神的 2．entrepreneur n.创业者→entrepreneurial adj.创业的 3．manufacture v.制造→manufacturer n.制造商 4．finance n.财务→financial adj.财务的 5．accumulate v.积累→accumulation n.积累 6．supervise v.监督→supervision n.监督 7．frustrate v.使懊恼→frustration n.懊恼；沮丧 8．convention n.惯例→conventional adj.传统的；常规的 9．discriminate v.区别对待→discrimination n.歧视 10．rational adj.合理的→rationally adv.理性地 2.语法填空 1. The company is looking for __________ young people. (enterprise) 2. The course develops __________ skills. (entrepreneur) 3. A local __________ agreed to produce the design. (manufacture) 4. Students need basic __________ knowledge. (finance) 5. The slow __________ of debt can become dangerous. (accumulate) 6. Trainees work under professional __________. (supervise) 7. Repeated failure caused great __________. (frustrate) 8. The start-up rejected a __________ business model. (convention) 9. Law should protect workers from __________. (discriminate) 10. Consumers should think __________ before borrowing money. (rational) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 额；前额 n.. __________ 2. 头晕目眩的 adj.. __________ 3. 女主席；女会长 n.. __________ 4. 日出；黎明 n.. __________ 5. 投入（物） n.. __________ 6. 障碍；阻碍；妨碍 n.. __________ 7. 阶段；时期 n.. __________ 8. 化妆品；美容品 n.. __________ 9. 购买 v.. __________ 10. （商品的）分销；经销 n.. __________ 11. 奖金；红利 n.. __________ 12. 指导；引导 n.. __________ 13. 顾问 n.. __________ 14. 庄园 n.. __________ 15. （女式）钱包 n.. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The family had just enough money for basic needs. (had just enough money)（可替换为__________） 2. The business remained able to pay its debts. (able to pay its debts)（可替换为__________） 3. He borrowed too much money. (borrowed too much money)（可替换为__________） 4. Costs became larger than income. (became larger than)（可替换为__________） 5. Money problems made her upset. (made her upset)（可替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. enterprising adj. __________________ 2. distribution n. __________________ 3. consultant n. __________________ 4. conventional adj. __________________ 5. equator n. __________________ 6. freshman n. __________________ 7. afloat adj. __________________ 8. thereby adv. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Starting a business can be exciting, but enthusiasm alone is not enough. Young entrepreneurs need a product, a market and a realistic plan for costs and distribution. A responsible founder must think ①rationally about money. If expenses ②exceed income for too long, a company can quickly go into debt and struggle to stay ③afloat. Good ④guidance and careful financial supervision help a start-up survive its early ⑤phase. In this sense, entrepreneurship is as much about discipline as creativity. 词汇 文中意思 ① rationally ________________ ② exceed ________________ ③ afloat ________________ ④ guidance ________________ ⑤ phase ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. make ends meet 使收支仅能相抵 2. go into debt 陷入债务 3. stay afloat 维持财务运转 4. at the expense of 以损害……为代价 5. interfere with 妨碍；阻止 6. seek financial guidance 寻求财务指导 7. exceed a budget 超出预算 8. accumulate debt 积累债务 9. rent out 出租 10. hire staff 雇用员工 11. purchase equipment 购买设备 12. distribute products 分销产品 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. Many small firms struggle to __________ in their first year. 2. Borrowing without a plan can make a family __________. 3. A company needs enough cash to __________. 4. Growth should not come __________ workers’ well-being. 5. Poor planning may __________ normal production. 3.微完型 围绕“创业、经济与财务责任”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 A student started a small online shop. At first it was hard to __________, and she knew careless borrowing could make her __________. To __________, she kept detailed records and refused to grow __________ customer trust. She also redesigned her schedule so that study would not __________ normal business operations. 1. A. take action B. make ends meet C. reap wheat D. fade away 2. A. be reunited with B. be on standby C. think outside the box D. go into debt 3. A. run for one’s life B. boost confidence C. stay afloat D. hold an expo 4. A. at the expense of B. from head to toe C. in vain D. at a glance 5. A. resemble B. commemorate C. interfere with D. flush 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 创业初期很多小企业只能勉强维持收支平衡。（提示词：make ends meet） 基础版：Many small businesses have little money at first. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 不理性的借贷可能让人陷入债务。（提示词：go into debt） 基础版：Bad borrowing may create debt. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 企业不能以牺牲员工为代价追求利润。（提示词：at the expense of） 基础版：A company should not hurt workers for profit. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 理性的财务规划有助于企业维持运转。（提示词：stay afloat） 基础版：Good planning helps a company survive. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 5 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．civilisation n.文明→civilise v.使文明→civilised adj.文明的 2．intrigue v.激起兴趣→intriguing adj.有趣的 3．expand v.扩大→expansion n.扩大；增加 4．investigate v.调查→investigation n.调查 5．archaeology n.考古学→archaeological adj.考古学的 6．note v.注意→notable adj.显著的→notably adv.尤其 7．abandon v.离弃→abandonment n.遗弃 8．equivalence n.等值→equivalent adj.等同的 9．retreat v.后退→retreat n.退避 10．drill v.钻探→drilling n.钻探 2.语法填空 1. Archaeologists study how early __________ societies developed. (civilisation) 2. The ruins present an __________ mystery. (intrigue) 3. The city’s rapid __________ changed the landscape. (expand) 4. The discovery led to a new archaeological __________. (investigate) 5. The team found important __________ evidence. (archaeology) 6. The site is __________ well preserved. (notable) 7. The sudden __________ of the settlement remains unexplained. (abandon) 8. The ancient measure was roughly __________ to one metre. (equivalent) 9. The army’s unexpected __________ changed the course of events. (retreat) 10. Deep-sea __________ requires specialised vessels. (drill) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 金字塔 n.. __________ 2. 天文学 n.. __________ 3. 运河 n.. __________ 4. 气旋；旋风 n.. __________ 5. 超级干旱 n.. __________ 6. 衰败 n.. __________ 7. 残垣断壁；废墟 n.. __________ 8. 逃跑；逃走 n.. __________ 9. 退避；离开；退避 v.. __________ 10. 地图上没有标明的 adj.. __________ 11. 探究；探究 v.. __________ 12. 失事的船；沉船 n.. __________ 13. 珊瑚 n.. __________ 14. 管眼鱼 n.. __________ 15. 船；舰 n.. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The once-great city slowly became ruined. (became ruined)（可替换为__________） 2. The explorers began a long journey. (began a long journey)（可替换为__________） 3. The researcher studied the mystery deeply. (studied...deeply)（可替换为__________） 4. The police examined the strange disappearance. (examined)（可替换为__________） 5. The team avoided the dangerous area. (avoided)（可替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. megadrought n. __________________ 2. uncharted adj. __________________ 3. shipwreck n. __________________ 4. barreleye n. __________________ 5. trench n. __________________ 6. vessel n. __________________ 7. substance n. __________________ 8. notable adj. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Human curiosity often pushes people beyond familiar borders. Archaeologists enter ruins, sailors cross unknown seas and scientists send instruments into deep trenches. The unknown can be dangerous. A cyclone may force a team to ①retreat, a shipwreck may leave evidence buried for centuries, and a megadrought can cause a civilisation to ②fall into ruin. Yet exploration continues. Researchers ③set out, ④delve into difficult questions and use every new ⑤investigation to build a clearer picture of the past and the planet. 词汇 文中意思 ① retreat ________________ ② fall into ruin ________________ ③ set out ________________ ④ delve into ________________ ⑤ investigation ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. fall into ruin 衰落；败落 2. make a getaway 逃跑；逃走 3. run for one’s life 逃命 4. check out 调查；检查 5. test the waters 试水；试探 6. steer clear of 避开…… 7. set out 动身踏上旅途 8. delve into 深入探究 9. think twice 再三考虑；慎重考虑 10. look into 调查（问题） 11. throw oneself into 积极投入到……中去 12. shrink from 避免做；不愿做 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. Without protection, ancient buildings may __________. 2. The thief tried to __________ before the guards arrived. 3. During the cyclone, villagers had to __________. 4. Scientists went to __________ a strange signal. 5. Before a large expedition, the team decided to __________. 3.微完型 围绕“探索未知、考古与冒险精神”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 An old coastal fort had begun to __________ after decades of neglect. One night, treasure hunters tried to __________, but a sudden storm forced everyone to __________. The next morning, archaeologists arrived to __________ the damaged site. Before launching a full investigation, however, they decided to __________ with a small survey. 1. A. stay afloat B. gain recognition C. be reunited D. fall into ruin 2. A. take inspiration from B. make a getaway C. pay tribute to D. work a shift 3. A. run for their lives B. make ends meet C. reap wheat D. boost confidence 4. A. cast a shadow B. regulate AI C. check out D. restore an antique 5. A. go into debt B. test the waters C. break new ground D. be on standby 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 没有保护，这些古迹可能逐渐衰败。（提示词：fall into ruin） 基础版：Without protection, the sites may become ruined. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 探险队动身前往未知地区。（提示词：set out） 基础版：The team began to travel to an unknown area. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 科学家正在深入探究这个谜团。（提示词：delve into） 基础版：Scientists are studying the mystery deeply. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 面对危险，我们应先慎重考虑。（提示词：think twice） 基础版：We should think carefully before facing danger. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 6 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．hazard n.危险→hazardous adj.危险的 2．exception n.例外→unexceptional adj.平常的 3．simulate v.模仿→simulated adj.模拟的→simulator n.模拟装置 4．life n.生命→lifelike adj.生动的；逼真的 5．cosmos n.宇宙→cosmic adj.宇宙的 6．conceive v.想象→conceivably adv.可以相信地；可想象地 7．atom n.原子→subatomic adj.亚原子的 8．visible adj.可见的→invisible adj.看不见的 9．discipline n.纪律→self-discipline n.自我约束；自律 10．instant adj.瞬间的→instantaneously adv.瞬间地 2.语法填空 1. Astronauts train for __________ conditions. (hazard) 2. The early training day seemed completely __________. (exception) 3. The crew practised in a __________ spacecraft. (simulate) 4. The digital model looked surprisingly __________. (life) 5. The telescope collects information about __________ radiation. (cosmos) 6. The mission could __________ last for years. (conceive) 7. Scientists study __________ particles in space. (atom) 8. Some forms of radiation are __________ to the naked eye. (visible) 9. Long missions require extraordinary __________. (discipline) 10. Signals can be processed almost __________. (instant) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 习惯于（做）某事 phr.. __________ 2. 概念；观点；看法 n.. __________ 3. 航天飞机 n.. __________ 4. （有特定目的的）短途出行 n.. __________ 5. 重新激起；重新唤起 v.. __________ 6. 阴影；坏影响 n.. __________ 7. 尖声大叫 v.. __________ 8. 暂停；中止 v.. __________ 9. （飞机上的）全体机组人员 n.. __________ 10. 提交 v.. __________ 11. 望远镜 n.. __________ 12. 星系 n.. __________ 13. 粒子 n.. __________ 14. 去拿来 v.. __________ 15. 激光唱片；光盘 n.. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. Astronauts slowly got used to weightlessness. (got used to)（可替换为__________） 2. The accident negatively influenced future missions. (negatively influenced)（可替换为__________） 3. The team stopped the launch for a short time. (stopped)（可替换为__________） 4. The model looked almost real. (almost real)（可替换为__________） 5. The plan was easy to understand. (easy to understand)（可替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. hazardous adj. __________________ 2. simulator n. __________________ 3. lifelike adj. __________________ 4. galaxy n. __________________ 5. cosmic adj. __________________ 6. subatomic adj. __________________ 7. self-discipline n. __________________ 8. disc n. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Space exploration demands both advanced technology and ordinary human discipline. Astronauts must learn to work in confined spaces, follow procedures and remain calm when plans change. Training therefore uses ①simulated emergencies and powerful ②simulators. Crew members become accustomed to hazardous situations before they face them in reality. Beyond the spacecraft, telescopes reveal distant ③galaxies and invisible ④cosmic signals. Such discoveries can ⑤rekindle curiosity and remind us how much remains unknown. 词汇 文中意思 ① simulated ________________ ② simulators ________________ ③ galaxies ________________ ④ cosmic ________________ ⑤ rekindle ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. become accustomed to 习惯于（做）某事 2. cast a shadow on 给……蒙上阴影 3. the naked eye 肉眼 4. submit a report 提交报告 5. suspend a launch 暂停发射 6. rekindle interest 重新激起兴趣 7. train in a simulator 在模拟器中训练 8. carry out an excursion 进行短途出行 9. observe a galaxy 观测星系 10. with self-discipline 凭借自律 11. fetch equipment 取来设备 12. follow a straightforward procedure 遵循简单程序 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. New crew members soon __________ living in a small cabin. 2. The tragedy once __________ the programme. 3. Some cosmic objects cannot be seen with __________. 4. Every crew member must __________ after the exercise. 5. Bad weather may force the team to __________. 3.微完型 围绕“太空探索、科学精神与自律”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 At first, the crew found the cabin uncomfortable, but they soon __________ living and working in the small space. An earlier accident had __________ the programme, yet new missions continued. Astronomers explained that many objects cannot be seen with __________, so every team had to __________ after each observation. If conditions became hazardous, controllers could always __________ for safety. 1. A. became accustomed to B. fell into ruin C. went into debt D. shunned 2. A. boosted confidence B. gained recognition C. cast a shadow on D. reaped 3. A. the cutting edge B. a gentle breeze C. a far cry D. the naked eye 4. A. make a getaway B. submit a report C. reap wheat D. restore antiques 5. A. hold an expo B. work a shift C. take action D. suspend a launch 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 宇航员必须逐渐习惯失重状态。（提示词：become accustomed to） 基础版：Astronauts must get used to weightlessness. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 事故给后续任务蒙上了阴影。（提示词：cast a shadow on） 基础版：The accident badly affected later missions. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 许多宇宙现象肉眼无法看到。（提示词：the naked eye） 基础版：We cannot see many things in space with our eyes. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 长期太空任务需要极强的自律。（提示词：self-discipline） 基础版：Long space missions need people to control themselves. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 一、阅读理解 （2026·全国二卷·高考真题）The Barcelona subway pulls into the station, the doors slide open and passengers pour out to go about their daily business. Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car. Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe’s difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market. Sixteen stations of Barcelona’s subway system are part of its new MetroCharge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains’ brakes (刹车) is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while the remainder is sent snaking through cables (电缆) to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. Bernardo Espinoza, an engineer who takes the subway every day, owns an electric car. “I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. “And if it is from energy from the trains’ brakes, then even better.” Regenerative brakes have been in trains for decades and are also used in some cars. They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. That energy can be immediately used to accelerate (加速) the vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for electric car chargers. Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses — in his case powering electric cars parked nearby. That, he said, boosts efficiency. 1. Why does Barcelona launch the MetroCharge project? A. To fuel the city’s economy. B. To enhance passengers’ experience. C. To promote green transportation. D. To raise the quality of electric cars. 2. What is Espinoza’s concern? A. How to cut his travel expenses. B. Where to get a parking space. C. How to avoid rush-hour traffic. D. Where to find a charging point. 3. What aspect of regenerative brakes is discussed in paragraph 5? A. Their operating conditions. B. Their conventional standard. C. Their potential risks. D. Their working mechanism. 4. What did Luna say about the system? A. It uses reclaimed energy creatively. B. It improves workers’ efficiency. C. It prioritizes the safety of trains. D. It generates jobs for the locals. 二、阅读理解 （2026·全国二卷·高考真题）The peak of Mount Qomolangma, 8,849 meters above sea level. Chimborazo, 6,263 m; Mont Blanc, 4,806 m; Pradidali hut, at the foot of the Pala group in the Dolomites, 2,278 m. It is common practice to provide the elevation (高度) of a place. Simple readings are now readily available on our phones and wearables. But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. The idea of sea level as a reference point for elevations has by now been around for so long as to go essentially unnoticed—we mention it without even considering what it means. That the concept has a history is easily ignored. We tend to forget that sea level is a product of technically and culturally determined assumptions. In this book, I tell a story of these assumptions. Appropriately, the book took shape during a summer spent between sea and mountains. A month after visiting the French Riviera and enjoying the sandy beaches of Nice and Menton, I went hiking with friends in the Pala group. Resting on a pass near the Pradidali hut, we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters (测高仪). Why did they vary ever so slightly from one instrument to the next? This sense of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level. In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level. These stages mirror the development of human conceptions of the sea. Since I began thinking about this project in August 2011, the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent: between then and the end of 2022 the global sea rose by almost 5 centimeters, about half of the overall rise recorded by satellites since 1993. 1. What does the author point out at the beginning of the text? A. Some mountains are getting higher. B. Data on wearables are misleading. C. The concept of elevation is relative. D. The reference point is hard to locate. 2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. How the altimeter was invented. B. What initiated the author’s research. C. Why the digital readings varied. D. Where the author spent his holiday. 3. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the last paragraph? A. The book. B. The project. C. The issue. D. The development. 4. What can be the title of the book mentioned in the text? A. The Altimeter: A Must-Have B. Sea Level: A History C. Meaning of Zero: Nothing or Everything D. Mountains to Seas: Ups and Downs 三、七选五 （2025·全国一卷·高考真题）An Unsung Hero Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. __1__ Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. __2__ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. __3__ “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve. One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. __4__ “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. “I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. __5__ She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B. She has two children aged eight and four. C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. 四、六选四 （2020·上海·高考真题）Coming soon to a cinema near you? Ticket prices shaped by demand Chances are that if you see just one film this year, you probably saw it already. The period between Christmas and Australia Day is typically the busiest and most competitive in our film calendar. But even when you arrive at a ticket counter at a quieter time of year you will usually pay the same price to see a film irrespective of its popularity, quality or budget size. __1__ A new smart application means this will soon be a reality for some Australian consumers. Melbourne-based start up Choovie will launch a service offering demand-based ticket pricing to filmgoers at the end of March, with over 100 screens across metropolitan and regional venues in Victoria, NSW and ACT. __2__ Choovie’s app will allow consumers to decide, within parameters set by the cinemas, what price they pay to see a film. For example, if you don’t want to pay more than $10 to see a particular title and are prepared to compromise on where and when you see it, the app will locate a suitable session for you. The emergence of apps such as Choovie is likely to shake up the film industry by fundamentally changing our experience of going to the movies. Dynamic (or demand) ticket pricing aims to change this. So how does dynamic pricing work? __3__ This depends on a number of demand variables, such as movie life cycle, time of day, day of the week, film title, venue, size of screen, actual bookings and so on. The number of seats in each price category for every film is based on demand conditions at the time of purchase. It works by using “pricing bots”, which adjust prices in real time according to rules set by the exhibitor and on the basis of information gathered about consumer preferences. Uber’s “surge pricing” is one example of dynamic pricing. Airline tickets are another. The idea is that instead of offering customers a limited number of ticket categories, the cinema sells each seat based on the individual customer’s willingness to pay. Patrons can choose screenings by specifying things such as the amount they are prepared to spend (say, under $10), the location of the cinema (no more than 10 km from home), the time of day (any time after 2pm) and so on. Conversely, cinemagoers should also be prepared to pay higher prices for films that are close to selling out in popular sessions. __4__ It gives them the flexibility to respond to unexpected fluctuations in demand and encouraging their patrons to pre-purchase seats. And it benefits customers by simplifying the process of finding cheaper cinema tickets and guaranteeing them a reserved seat. A. The higher the price of film ticket is, the more popular it is among youngers. B. Imagine if you could instead pay less to see films that are not in high demand? C. One of the first cinema chains to take up this initiative is Dendy. More will follow. D. Dynamic ticket pricing relies on the quality and trend of the film, varying from one to another. E. Dynamic ticket pricing gives the consumer the ability to purchase film tickets at a wider range of prices. F. Dynamic pricing benefits cinemas by optimizing the price mix for every screening of every film. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第 05 讲 选择性必修第三、四册 词汇短语复习 考点要求 复习统计 考情分析 教材词汇 课标词汇 选择性必修第三册复习重点 外貌与自我认知、工匠精神与创新、战争与和平、人工智能、仿生与自然、文学与自然等六个主题单元。重点落实原词、派生词、固定搭配和语境迁移。 新高考词汇考查更加重视语境运用。 1. 适度考查学生不常接触的高考词汇。 2. 强化熟词生义和一词多义。 3. 加大构词法与派生词考查。 4. 全面考查情境意识、同义转换与输出能力。 选择性必修第四册复习重点 人生选择、人生哲理、中国文化传播、经济与创业、未知探索、太空探索等六个主题单元。强化构词法、熟词生义和写作升级。 一轮复习任务 两册共 12 个单元：教材词表全覆盖；每单元设置单词变形、语法填空、拼写、同义替换、段落盲测、高频短语、微完型与句型进阶。 构词法复习 名词↔形容词、动词↔名词、形容词↔副词、高频派生词；在真实句子中判断词性与词形。 语境迁移 以段落盲测和微完型为载体，将词义识别、固定搭配、同义转换与长难句理解放在同一语境中训练。 输出升级 每单元安排句型进阶，用教材词块把基础句升级为更地道、更符合高考写作要求的表达。 复习目标：以新课标词汇为依据，以选择性必修第三、四册教材词表为蓝本，在一轮复习中夯实词汇基础；反复积累高频派生、固定搭配和熟词生义，并在语篇阅读与写作中迁移运用。 选择性必修第三册 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 1 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．self-critical adj.自我批评的→self-criticism n.自我批评 2．enlarge v.扩大→enlargement n.扩大；扩建 3．acknowledge v.承认→acknowledgement n.承认；确认 4．assume v.假定→assumption n.假定，假设 5．psychology n.心理学→psychological adj.心理的→psychologist n.心理学家 6．fright n.惊吓→frightful adj.可怕的→frightfully adv.可怕地 7．monster n.怪物→monstrous adj.丑陋的；骇人的 8．grace n.优雅→graceful adj.优美的→gracefully adv.优雅地 9．repulse v.使厌恶→repulsive adj.令人厌恶的 10．comprehend v.理解→comprehension n.理解（力） 2.语法填空 1. A healthy person can be __________ without losing confidence. (self-critical) 2. The photograph needs slight __________ before printing. (enlarge) 3. Public __________ of a mistake often takes courage. (acknowledge) 4. The argument is based on a false __________. (assume) 5. The film explores the __________ pressure created by stereotypes. (psychology) 6. The old house looked __________ in the storm. (fright) 7. The character was described as a __________ beast. (monster) 8. The actress moved __________ across the stage. (grace) 9. The villain’s behaviour was deliberately made __________. (repulse) 10. Reading fiction can improve emotional __________. (comprehend) 【答案与解析】 1. 【答案】self-critical 【详解】系动词后用形容词 self-critical。 2. 【答案】enlargement 【详解】形容词 slight 后接名词 enlargement。 3. 【答案】acknowledgement 【详解】介词 of 前需要名词 acknowledgement。 4. 【答案】assumption 【详解】冠词 a 和形容词 false 后接名词 assumption。 5. 【答案】psychological 【详解】修饰名词 pressure 用形容词 psychological。 6. 【答案】frightful 【详解】looked 后用形容词 frightful。 7. 【答案】monstrous 【详解】修饰 beast 用形容词 monstrous。 8. 【答案】gracefully 【详解】修饰 moved 用副词 gracefully。 9. 【答案】repulsive 【详解】made 后用形容词作宾补。 10. 【答案】comprehension 【详解】形容词 emotional 后接名词 comprehension。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 自我批评的 adj.. __________ 2. 雀斑；斑点 n.. __________ 3. 下巴的形状 n.. __________ 4. 促进；推动 v.. __________ 5. 自我陶醉者 n.. __________ 6. 痴迷的；迷恋的 adj.. __________ 7. 假装；装作 v.. __________ 8. 判断错误 v.. __________ 9. 完全相同的 adj.. __________ 10. 室友 n.. __________ 11. 古怪的；奇异的 adj.. __________ 12. 忽视；忽略 v.. __________ 13. 模式化的思想 n.. __________ 14. 胆小的；胆怯的 adj.. __________ 15. 忠贞的；忠实的 adj.. __________ 【答案】1.self-critical 2.freckle 3.jawline 4.boost 5.narcissist 6.obsessive 7.pretend 8.misjudge 9.identical 10.roommate 11.bizarre 12.overlook 13.stereotype 14.timid 15.loyal 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. She is often too critical of herself. (critical of herself)（可替换为__________） 2. The makeover made her feel more confident. (feel more confident)（可替换为__________） 3. He admitted that his first judgement was wrong. (admitted)（可替换为__________） 4. The two photographs look exactly the same. (exactly the same)（可替换为__________） 5. We should not ignore a person’s feelings. (ignore)（可替换为__________） 1. 【答案】self-critical 【详解】self-critical 可概括“对自己过度批评”。 2. 【答案】boosted her confidence 【详解】boost one’s confidence 表示“增强信心”。 3. 【答案】acknowledged 【详解】acknowledge 可表示“承认”。 4. 【答案】identical 【详解】identical 表示“完全相同的”。 5. 【答案】overlook 【详解】overlook 可表示“忽视”。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. exclaim v. __________________ 2. heartfelt adj. __________________ 3. compassion n. __________________ 4. exquisite adj. __________________ 5. resemble v. __________________ 6. downtrodden adj. __________________ 7. profound adj. __________________ 8. tenderness n. __________________ 【答案】1.呼喊；惊叫 2.衷心的；诚挚的 3.怜悯；同情 4.精美的；精致的 5.像；与……类似 6.被践踏的；受压迫的 7.深刻的；强烈的 8.柔情 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 People often form quick opinions from outward appearance. A shy student with freckles may be misjudged as timid, while a confident speaker may be labelled a narcissist. Such stereotypes can shape the way we treat others. What matters most is whether we are willing to ①acknowledge our assumptions and look beyond a person’s face. Psychology reminds us that appearance and character are not ②identical, and genuine ③compassion requires patience. In literature, an apparently ④repulsive figure may reveal unexpected loyalty or tenderness. A novelist can use a character’s predicament to challenge readers and deepen their ⑤comprehension of human nature. 词汇 文中意思 ① acknowledge ________________ ② identical ________________ ③ compassion ________________ ④ repulsive ________________ ⑤ comprehension ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① acknowledge 承认 ② identical 完全相同的 ③ compassion 同情 ④ repulsive 令人厌恶的 ⑤ comprehension 理解 划线句翻译： 最重要的是，我们是否愿意承认自己的假设，并越过一个人的外表去认识他。 【详解】本句先抓主干，再处理从句、非谓语或修饰成分；翻译时注意逻辑层次与中文语序自然。 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. boost one’s confidence 增强某人的信心 2. from head to toe 从头到脚 3. makeover （以新衣服、新发型等进行的）打扮；装扮 4. take a pill 服药 5. make an assumption 作出假设 6. acknowledge a fact 承认事实 7. show compassion for 对……表示同情 8. resemble...in 在……方面与……相似 9. be obsessed with 痴迷于…… 10. judge...by appearance 以外貌判断…… 11. look beyond 越过……看本质 12. repay kindness 回报善意 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. A few encouraging words can __________ before an interview. 2. The actor was dressed in black __________. 3. We should not __________ people only __________. 4. Good readers learn to __________ a character’s outward image. 5. She promised to __________ with sincere help. 【短语填空答案】 1. 【答案】boost one’s confidence 【详解】句意对应“增强某人的信心”，故填 boost one’s confidence。 2. 【答案】from head to toe 【详解】句意对应“从头到脚”，故填 from head to toe。 3. 【答案】judge...by appearance 【详解】句意对应“以外貌判断……”，故填 judge...by appearance。 4. 【答案】look beyond 【详解】句意对应“越过……看本质”，故填 look beyond。 5. 【答案】repay kindness 【详解】句意对应“回报善意”，故填 repay kindness。 3.微完型 围绕“外貌、自我认知与文学人物”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 A new student was nervous about her appearance. Her roommate first tried to __________ by praising her smile. At the school festival she was dressed elegantly __________, but she soon realised that a __________ could not solve every worry. Instead, she learned not to __________ others __________ and to __________ the kindness of friends who accepted her as she was. 1. A. look beyond B. boost her confidence C. repay kindness D. take a pill 2. A. by trial and error B. on standby C. at a glance D. from head to toe 3. A. makeover B. stereotype C. assumption D. predicament 4. A. resemble; in B. associate; with C. judge; by appearance D. bank; on 5. A. overlook B. repay C. shun D. dominate 【答案】1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B 1. 【详解】boost her confidence 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 2. 【详解】from head to toe 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 3. 【详解】makeover 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 4. 【详解】judge; by appearance 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 5. 【详解】repay 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 我们不应该只根据外貌判断一个人。（提示词：judge...by appearance） 基础版：We should not judge a person only by appearance. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 这次谈话增强了她的自信。（提示词：boost one’s confidence） 基础版：The talk made her more confident. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 他承认自己的第一印象是错误的。（提示词：acknowledge） 基础版：He admitted his first impression was wrong. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 真正的同情要求我们理解他人的处境。（提示词：compassion） 基础版：We should understand others when we feel sorry for them. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 【答案】We should never judge a person merely by outward appearance. 【详解】merely 和 outward appearance 使表达更书面。 2. 【答案】The talk greatly boosted her confidence. 【详解】boost one’s confidence 是教材核心搭配。 3. 【答案】He acknowledged that his first impression had been mistaken. 【详解】acknowledge 比 admit 更正式。 4. 【答案】True compassion requires us to understand other people’s predicaments. 【详解】compassion/predicament 可提升表达。 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 2 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．fascinate v.使着迷→fascination n.着迷；迷恋 2．craft n.技能→craftsmanship n.手艺；工艺；技艺 3．restore v.修复→restoration n.修复；整修 4．prosper v.繁荣→prosperous adj.繁荣的 5．ambition n.志向→ambitious adj.有雄心的 6．associate v.联系→association n.联系→associated adj.联合的 7．analyse v.分析→analysis n.分析 8．preserve v.保护→preservation n.保护；保存 9．intricate adj.错综复杂的→intricately adv.精细复杂地 10．painstaking adj.费尽心思的→painstakingly adv.精心地 2.语法填空 1. Her __________ with traditional clocks began in childhood. (fascinate) 2. The timepiece shows extraordinary __________. (craft) 3. The __________ of the antique took several months. (restore) 4. The workshop once stood in a __________ trading town. (prosper) 5. The young artisan began an __________ project. (ambition) 6. Several costs are __________ with the restoration. (associate) 7. A careful __________ of the design revealed its secret. (analyse) 8. Museums play a key role in the __________ of crafts. (preserve) 9. The case was __________ decorated by hand. (intricate) 10. The clock was __________ repaired piece by piece. (painstaking) 【答案与解析】 1. 【答案】fascination 【详解】形容词性物主代词后接名词 fascination。 2. 【答案】craftsmanship 【详解】形容词 extraordinary 后接名词 craftsmanship。 3. 【答案】restoration 【详解】定冠词后用名词 restoration。 4. 【答案】prosperous 【详解】修饰 town 用形容词 prosperous。 5. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】修饰 project 用形容词 ambitious。 6. 【答案】associated 【详解】be associated with 为固定搭配。 7. 【答案】analysis 【详解】冠词 a 后接名词 analysis。 8. 【答案】preservation 【详解】介词 in 后接名词 preservation。 9. 【答案】intricately 【详解】修饰 decorated 用副词 intricately。 10. 【答案】painstakingly 【详解】修饰 repaired 用副词 painstakingly。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 镜头 n.. __________ 2. 食品杂货店 n.. __________ 3. 着迷；迷恋 n.. __________ 4. 不复杂的；简单的 adj.. __________ 5. 名人；明星 n.. __________ 6. 人类学家 n.. __________ 7. 试验 n.. __________ 8. 原子能的；核能的 adj.. __________ 9. 喷气推进 n.. __________ 10. 表扬；赞赏 n.. __________ 11. 粗的；粗糙的 adj.. __________ 12. 古董；古玩 n.. __________ 13. 计时器；钟；表 n.. __________ 14. 工匠；手艺人 n.. __________ 15. 永恒的；恒久的 adj.. __________ 【答案】1.lens 2.grocery 3.fascination 4.uncomplicated 5.celebrity 6.anthropologist 7.trial 8.atomic 9.jet propulsion 10.acclaim 11.coarse 12.antique 13.timepiece 14.artisan 15.timeless 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The inventor tried many times before succeeding. (tried many times)（可替换为__________） 2. The engineer created a completely new approach. (created a completely new approach)（可替换为__________） 3. The device was at the most advanced stage of technology. (most advanced stage)（可替换为__________） 4. The artisan refused to give up his traditional method. (give up)（可替换为__________） 5. The design required very careful work. (very careful)（可替换为__________） 1. 【答案】worked by trial and error 【详解】by trial and error 强调反复试验。 2. 【答案】broke new ground 【详解】break new ground 表示“开辟新领域”。 3. 【答案】at the cutting edge 【详解】at the cutting edge 表示“处于最前沿”。 4. 【答案】back down 【详解】back down 表示“退让；认输”。 5. 【答案】painstaking 【详解】painstaking 表示“小心的；费尽心思的”。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. craftsmanship n. __________________ 2. envoy n. __________________ 3. workshop n. __________________ 4. metaphor n. __________________ 5. nonetheless adv. __________________ 6. artisan n. __________________ 7. sedately adv. __________________ 8. architecture n. __________________ 【答案】1.手艺；工艺；技艺 2.使者；使节 3.车间；工场 4.隐喻；暗喻 5.然而；尽管如此 6.工匠；手艺人 7.安静地；慢悠悠地 8.建筑风格；建筑设计 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 A master craftsperson may spend a lifetime perfecting one skill. In an age of rapid change, this kind of patience can seem old-fashioned, yet it remains valuable. The finest ①craftsmanship is rarely produced overnight. An artisan often works ②painstakingly, learning by trial and error and refusing to back down when a problem appears. Innovation also matters. A designer may ③break new ground by combining a ④timeless technique with modern science. Such work can place a small workshop at the ⑤cutting edge of a whole industry. 词汇 文中意思 ① craftsmanship ________________ ② painstakingly ________________ ③ break new ground ________________ ④ timeless ________________ ⑤ cutting edge ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① craftsmanship 工艺；技艺 ② painstakingly 精心地 ③ break new ground 开辟新领域 ④ timeless 永恒的 ⑤ cutting edge 最前沿 划线句翻译： 最精湛的工艺很少是一夜之间形成的。 【详解】本句先抓主干，再处理从句、非谓语或修饰成分；翻译时注意逻辑层次与中文语序自然。 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. by trial and error 反复试验 2. back down 退让；认输 3. the cutting edge of ……的尖端；最前沿 4. think outside the box 不拘一格地思考 5. break new ground 开辟新领域 6. win acclaim 赢得赞誉 7. shun the spotlight 避开聚光灯/媒体关注 8. preserve craftsmanship 保护传统技艺 9. restore an antique 修复古董 10. at a maximum 达到最大值 11. be associated with 与……有关 12. comprise... 包括；由……构成 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. Great inventors often learn __________. 2. When criticism came, the engineer refused to __________. 3. The laboratory is at __________ green technology. 4. Creative people are willing to __________. 5. The project helped the young team __________. 【短语填空答案】 1. 【答案】by trial and error 【详解】句意对应“反复试验”，故填 by trial and error。 2. 【答案】back down 【详解】句意对应“退让；认输”，故填 back down。 3. 【答案】the cutting edge of 【详解】句意对应“……的尖端；最前沿”，故填 the cutting edge of。 4. 【答案】think outside the box 【详解】句意对应“不拘一格地思考”，故填 think outside the box。 5. 【答案】break new ground 【详解】句意对应“开辟新领域”，故填 break new ground。 3.微完型 围绕“工匠精神、创新与终身事业”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 A young engineer joined an old workshop and learned __________ under a patient artisan. When early designs failed, neither of them would __________. They studied new materials at __________ modern technology and learned to __________ instead of copying existing products. Eventually their device helped the team __________ and won national attention. 1. A. at a glance B. in vain C. by trial and error D. on standby 2. A. back down B. fade away C. pass up D. shirk 3. A. the naked eye B. the expense of C. the horizon of D. the cutting edge of 4. A. make ends meet B. run for one’s life C. think outside the box D. cast a shadow 5. A. take a pill B. break new ground C. make a getaway D. go into debt 【答案】1.C 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B 1. 【详解】by trial and error 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 2. 【详解】back down 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 3. 【详解】the cutting edge of 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 4. 【详解】think outside the box 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 5. 【详解】break new ground 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 真正的工匠精神来自耐心和反复试验。（提示词：by trial and error） 基础版：Good work needs patience and repeated tests. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 这项发明开辟了一个新的领域。（提示词：break new ground） 基础版：The invention created a new field. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 这个实验室处于行业最前沿。（提示词：the cutting edge） 基础版：The laboratory is very advanced. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 优秀的设计师敢于跳出框架思考。（提示词：think outside the box） 基础版：Good designers think differently. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 【答案】True craftsmanship grows through patience and learning by trial and error. 【详解】craftsmanship/by trial and error 更贴近教材。 2. 【答案】The invention broke new ground in clean-energy technology. 【详解】break new ground 是高频高级短语。 3. 【答案】The laboratory stands at the cutting edge of the industry. 【详解】stand at the cutting edge of 更地道。 4. 【答案】Outstanding designers dare to think outside the box. 【详解】dare to + think outside the box 强调创新。 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 3 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．violence n.暴力→violent adj.狂暴的；凶暴的 2．ally n.同盟国→allied adj.同盟国的 3．peacekeep v.维持和平→peacekeeping n.维持和平→peacekeeper n.维和人员 4．profession n.职业→professional adj.专业的→professionalism n.专业精神 5．intellect n.智力→intellectual adj.智力的；脑力的 6．aggression n.侵略→aggressive adj.侵略性的 7．dedicate v.奉献→dedication n.奉献 8．represent v.代表→representative n.代表 9．commemorate v.纪念→commemoration n.纪念活动 10．stability n.稳定→stable adj.稳定的 2.语法填空 1. The soldiers were caught in a __________ storm at sea. (violence) 2. The __________ troops landed before dawn. (ally) 3. The country sent troops on a __________ mission. (peacekeep) 4. The rescue team was admired for its __________. (profession) 5. The museum presents the war’s moral and __________ challenges. (intellect) 6. The policy was designed to prevent __________ action. (aggression) 7. The memorial honours the __________ of ordinary soldiers. (dedicate) 8. A veterans’ __________ spoke at the ceremony. (represent) 9. The town held a public __________ on the anniversary. (commemorate) 10. Peacekeeping aims to create a more __________ society. (stability) 【答案与解析】 1. 【答案】violent 【详解】修饰 storm 用形容词 violent。 2. 【答案】allied 【详解】修饰 troops 用 allied。 3. 【答案】peacekeeping 【详解】修饰 mission 用 peacekeeping。 4. 【答案】professionalism 【详解】形容词性物主代词后用名词 professionalism。 5. 【答案】intellectual 【详解】修饰 challenges 用 intellectual。 6. 【答案】aggressive 【详解】修饰 action 用 aggressive。 7. 【答案】dedication 【详解】介词 of 前用名词 dedication。 8. 【答案】representative 【详解】冠词 a 后用名词 representative。 9. 【答案】commemoration 【详解】冠词 a 后接名词 commemoration。 10. 【答案】stable 【详解】修饰 society 用形容词 stable。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 狂暴的；凶暴的 adj.. __________ 2. （军队的）登陆 n.. __________ 3. 部队；军队 n.. __________ 4. 起代号为 v.. __________ 5. 潮水 n.. __________ 6. 最高的 adj.. __________ 7. 指挥官；长官 n.. __________ 8. 降落伞 n.. __________ 9. 海岸线 n.. __________ 10. 炮火 n.. __________ 11. 坦克 n.. __________ 12. 解放 v.. __________ 13. 纪念的；追悼的 adj.. __________ 14. 维和人员 n.. __________ 15. 弹药 n.. __________ 【答案】1.violent 2.landing 3.troop 4.code-name 5.tide 6.supreme 7.commander 8.parachute 9.coastline 10.gunfire 11.tank 12.liberate 13.memorial 14.peacekeeper 15.ammunition 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The troops were very tired after days of fighting. (very tired)（可替换为__________） 2. The operation was extremely difficult. (extremely difficult)（可替换为__________） 3. The town held an event to remember the fallen. (remember)（可替换为__________） 4. The speech praised the soldiers’ great devotion. (devotion)（可替换为__________） 5. The plan made the city stronger against attack. (made...stronger)（可替换为__________） 1. 【答案】weary 【详解】weary 表示“非常疲倦的”。 2. 【答案】daunting 【详解】daunting 表示“令人气馁、吓人的”。 3. 【答案】commemorate 【详解】commemorate 表示“纪念”。 4. 【答案】dedication 【详解】dedication 可表示“奉献”。 5. 【答案】fortified 【详解】fortify 表示“加强；筑防”。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. solemn adj. __________________ 2. condemn v. __________________ 3. peacekeeping n. __________________ 4. combatant n. __________________ 5. aggression n. __________________ 6. dire adj. __________________ 7. invader n. __________________ 8. blueprint n. __________________ 【答案】1.严肃的；庄重的 2.迫使（某人）处于不幸境地；谴责 3.维持和平（的行动） 4.战斗人员 5.侵略 6.极其严重的 7.侵略者；侵略军 8.蓝图 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 War is often remembered through dates, commanders and major battles, but its deepest effects are felt by ordinary people. A single landing may alter the future of an entire coastline. What should never be forgotten is the human cost of ①violence. Soldiers become ②weary, families are displaced, and communities may spend decades trying to recover their ③stability. Memorials therefore do more than record victory. They ④commemorate sacrifice and invite each generation to reaffirm its ⑤dedication to peace. 词汇 文中意思 ① violence ________________ ② weary ________________ ③ stability ________________ ④ commemorate ________________ ⑤ dedication ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① violence 暴力 ② weary 非常疲倦的 ③ stability 稳定 ④ commemorate 纪念 ⑤ dedication 奉献 划线句翻译： 永远不应被遗忘的是战争暴力给人造成的代价。 【详解】本句先抓主干，再处理从句、非谓语或修饰成分；翻译时注意逻辑层次与中文语序自然。 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. on standby 待命 2. maintain stability 维持稳定 3. disarm combatants 解除战斗人员武装 4. condemn aggression 谴责侵略 5. fortify a position 加固阵地 6. emerge from war 从战争中走出 7. shirk responsibility 逃避责任 8. commemorate an anniversary 纪念周年纪念日 9. reaffirm a commitment 重申承诺 10. collective memory 集体记忆 11. blueprint for peace 和平蓝图 12. pay tribute to 向……致敬 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. The medical team remained __________ throughout the night. 2. The agreement was designed to __________ in the region. 3. The resolution clearly __________. 4. The ceremony will __________ of the liberation. 5. Leaders used the meeting to __________ to peace. 【短语填空答案】 1. 【答案】on standby 【详解】句意对应“待命”，故填 on standby。 2. 【答案】maintain stability 【详解】句意对应“维持稳定”，故填 maintain stability。 3. 【答案】condemned aggression 【详解】句意对应“condemned aggression”，故填 condemned aggression。 4. 【答案】commemorate an anniversary 【详解】句意对应“纪念周年纪念日”，故填 commemorate an anniversary。 5. 【答案】reaffirm a commitment 【详解】句意对应“重申承诺”，故填 reaffirm a commitment。 3.微完型 围绕“战争与和平、纪念与责任”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 Before the anniversary ceremony, emergency teams remained __________. Local leaders said that lasting peace requires societies to __________ and clearly __________ whenever violence is used. The ceremony itself would __________ of liberation and allow representatives to __________ to peace for the next generation. 1. A. from head to toe B. at ease with C. in a row D. on standby 2. A. make a getaway B. maintain stability C. go into debt D. take a pill 3. A. win acclaim B. shun the spotlight C. condemn aggression D. bank on 4. A. commemorate an anniversary B. restore an antique C. boost confidence D. check out 5. A. test the waters B. reap wheat C. rent out D. reaffirm a commitment 【答案】1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D 1. 【详解】on standby 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 2. 【详解】maintain stability 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 3. 【详解】condemn aggression 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 4. 【详解】commemorate an anniversary 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 5. 【详解】reaffirm a commitment 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 维和人员必须始终保持待命状态。（提示词：on standby） 基础版：Peacekeepers must always be ready. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 任何国家都不应逃避维护和平的责任。（提示词：shirk responsibility） 基础版：No country should avoid its responsibility for peace. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 纪念活动帮助我们铭记牺牲。（提示词：commemorate） 基础版：The ceremony helps us remember sacrifice. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 各方需要重申对和平的承诺。（提示词：reaffirm a commitment） 基础版：All sides need to promise peace again. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 【答案】Peacekeepers must remain on standby at all times. 【详解】remain on standby 是军事与应急场景高频搭配。 2. 【答案】No country should shirk its responsibility to maintain peace. 【详解】shirk responsibility 更正式。 3. 【答案】The ceremony helps us commemorate sacrifice and preserve collective memory. 【详解】commemorate/collective memory 提升表达。 4. 【答案】All sides need to reaffirm their commitment to peace. 【详解】reaffirm one’s commitment to 为正式表达。 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 4 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．human n.人→humanity n.人类 2．automate v.使自动化→automation n.自动化 3．potential adj.潜在的→potentially adv.潜在地 4．analyse v.分析→analysis n.分析 5．regulate v.管理→regulation n.管理；规定 6．imitate v.模仿→imitation n.仿制品；模仿 7．mechanic n.机械师→mechanical adj.机械的 8．despair n.绝望→desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的 9．consist v.一致→consistent adj.一贯的→consistency n.一致性 10．assess v.评估→assessment n.评估 2.语法填空 1. Artificial intelligence may change the future of __________. (humanity) 2. Factory __________ has transformed production. (automate) 3. The technology could __________ reduce medical errors. (potential) 4. A careful __________ of the data is necessary. (analyse) 5. AI development requires effective __________. (regulate) 6. The robot’s voice is an impressive __________ of human speech. (imitate) 7. The device uses a complex __________ arm. (mechanic) 8. The team made a __________ attempt to restore the system. (despair) 9. The results are __________ with earlier findings. (consist) 10. Every new system needs an ethical __________. (assess) 【答案与解析】 1. 【答案】humanity 【详解】介词 of 后用名词 humanity。 2. 【答案】automation 【详解】作主语用名词 automation。 3. 【答案】potentially 【详解】修饰动词 reduce 用副词 potentially。 4. 【答案】analysis 【详解】冠词 a 后接名词 analysis。 5. 【答案】regulation 【详解】形容词 effective 后接名词 regulation。 6. 【答案】imitation 【详解】冠词 an 后接名词 imitation。 7. 【答案】mechanical 【详解】修饰 arm 用 mechanical。 8. 【答案】desperate 【详解】修饰 attempt 用 desperate。 9. 【答案】consistent 【详解】be consistent with 为固定搭配。 10. 【答案】assessment 【详解】冠词 an 后接名词 assessment。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 人造的；人工的 adj.. __________ 2. 人工智能 n.. __________ 3. 助手；助理 n.. __________ 4. 易受影响的 adj.. __________ 5. 受害者 n.. __________ 6. 能力；才能 n.. __________ 7. 飞跃 n.. __________ 8. 非法的；违法的 adj.. __________ 9. 不道德的 adj.. __________ 10. 客户；客人；顾客 n.. __________ 11. 引用；引述 v.. __________ 12. 评价；评定 v.. __________ 13. 地平线 n.. __________ 14. （物体坠落、炸弹爆炸等造成的）坑 n.. __________ 15. 线索；提示 n.. __________ 【答案】1.artificial 2.artificial intelligence 3.assistant 4.susceptible 5.victim 6.capacity 7.leap 8.illegal 9.immoral 10.client 11.cite 12.assess 13.horizon 14.crater 15.clue 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The new system is likely to change medical work. (likely)（可替换为__________） 2. We depend on technology for many tasks. (depend on)（可替换为__________） 3. The problem is likely to appear soon. (appear soon)（可替换为__________） 4. The engineer believed the sensor was broken. (broken)（可替换为__________） 5. The report considered the possible risks. (considered)（可替换为__________） 1. 【答案】bound to 【详解】be bound to 表示“很有可能；肯定会”。 2. 【答案】bank on 【详解】bank on 表示“依靠；指望”。 3. 【答案】on the horizon 【详解】on the horizon 表示“将要发生”。 4. 【答案】faulty 【详解】faulty 表示“有故障的”。 5. 【答案】assessed 【详解】assess 表示“评估；评定”。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. susceptible adj. __________________ 2. automation n. __________________ 3. positronic adj. __________________ 4. wavelength n. __________________ 5. mutt n. __________________ 6. reckon v. __________________ 7. faulty adj. __________________ 8. crater n. __________________ 【答案】1.易受影响的 2.自动化 3.正电子的 4.波长 5.杂种狗 6.认为；以为 7.有故障的 8.坑 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Artificial intelligence can perform tasks that once seemed uniquely human. It can analyse data, imitate voices and control mechanical systems with remarkable speed. The key question, however, is not simply what machines can do, but what society should allow them to do. People who are ①susceptible to false information may become victims of ②immoral uses of automation. Good policy therefore needs careful ③assessment and clear rules. If regulation remains ④consistent, society can make use of AI’s ⑤potential while protecting human values. 词汇 文中意思 ① susceptible ________________ ② immoral ________________ ③ assessment ________________ ④ consistent ________________ ⑤ potential ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① susceptible 易受影响的 ② immoral 不道德的 ③ assessment 评估 ④ consistent 一致的 ⑤ potential 潜力；可能性 划线句翻译： 然而，关键问题并不只是机器能够做什么，而是社会应该允许机器做什么。 【详解】本句先抓主干，再处理从句、非谓语或修饰成分；翻译时注意逻辑层次与中文语序自然。 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. bank on 依靠；指望 2. on the horizon 将要发生 3. be bound to 很有可能；肯定会 4. assess the risk 评估风险 5. regulate AI 监管人工智能 6. cite evidence 引用证据 7. analyse data 分析数据 8. meet demand 满足需求 9. mechanical imitation 机械模仿 10. follow a clue 追踪线索 11. protect a client 保护客户 12. remain consistent with 与……保持一致 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. We should not __________ one algorithm for every decision. 2. Major changes in education may be __________. 3. AI is __________ influence future workplaces. 4. Before using the system, experts must __________. 5. Governments need clear laws to __________. 【短语填空答案】 1. 【答案】bank on 【详解】句意对应“依靠；指望”，故填 bank on。 2. 【答案】on the horizon 【详解】句意对应“将要发生”，故填 on the horizon。 3. 【答案】bound to 【详解】句意对应“bound to”，故填 bound to。 4. 【答案】assess the risk 【详解】句意对应“评估风险”，故填 assess the risk。 5. 【答案】regulate AI 【详解】句意对应“监管人工智能”，故填 regulate AI。 3.微完型 围绕“人工智能、伦理与未来”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 New technology is moving quickly. Schools should not __________ one tool for every task, because more changes are already __________. Artificial intelligence is __________ transform many jobs, so experts must carefully __________ before systems are released. At the same time, governments need effective rules to __________ without blocking useful innovation. 1. A. bank on B. reap C. withdraw D. suspend 2. A. in vain B. from head to toe C. on the horizon D. on standby 3. A. at ease with B. bound to C. associated with D. native to 4. A. boost confidence B. make ends meet C. pay tribute D. assess the risk 5. A. regulate AI B. reap wheat C. rent out D. restore antiques 【答案】1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.A 1. 【详解】bank on 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 2. 【详解】on the horizon 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 3. 【详解】bound to 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 4. 【详解】assess the risk 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 5. 【详解】regulate AI 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 我们不能把所有决定都依赖于算法。（提示词：bank on） 基础版：We cannot depend on algorithms for every decision. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 人工智能很可能改变未来的工作方式。（提示词：be bound to） 基础版：AI will probably change future work. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 新风险已经初现端倪。（提示词：on the horizon） 基础版：New risks may appear soon. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 我们需要在创新与伦理之间保持一致。（提示词：consistent） 基础版：Innovation and ethics should not conflict. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 【答案】We cannot bank on algorithms to make every decision for us. 【详解】bank on 更符合教材短语。 2. 【答案】Artificial intelligence is bound to reshape the way we work. 【详解】be bound to + reshape 更高级。 3. 【答案】New risks are already on the horizon. 【详解】on the horizon 表示“将要发生”。 4. 【答案】Technological innovation should remain consistent with basic ethical principles. 【详解】remain consistent with 适合议论文。 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 5 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．architect n.建筑师→architecture n.建筑设计 2．mimic v.模仿→mimicry n.模仿→biomimicry n.仿生学 3．convert v.使转变→conversion n.转换 4．fulfil v.实现→fulfilment n.满足（感） 5．evaluate v.评估→evaluation n.评估 6．pure adj.纯洁的→purity n.纯洁；洁净 7．botany n.植物学→botanical adj.植物（学）的 8．depress v.使沮丧→depressive adj.抑郁的 9．reluctance n.不情愿→reluctant adj.不情愿的 10．employ v.使用；雇用→employment n.使用；就业 2.语法填空 1. The building’s __________ was inspired by lotus leaves. (architect) 2. __________ seeks engineering ideas from nature. (mimic) 3. The device allows the __________ of sunlight into energy. (convert) 4. Creative work can bring a strong sense of __________. (fulfil) 5. The design needs further __________ before production. (evaluate) 6. The water’s __________ is essential to the experiment. (pure) 7. Researchers studied __________ structures in the desert. (botany) 8. The grey environment had a slightly __________ effect. (depress) 9. Some engineers were __________ to copy nature directly. (reluctance) 10. The project involves the clever __________ of natural principles. (employ) 【答案与解析】 1. 【答案】architecture 【详解】所有格后用名词 architecture。 2. 【答案】biomimicry 【详解】作主语用名词 biomimicry。 3. 【答案】conversion 【详解】介词 of 前用名词 conversion。 4. 【答案】fulfilment 【详解】介词 of 后用名词 fulfilment。 5. 【答案】evaluation 【详解】形容词 further 后接名词 evaluation。 6. 【答案】purity 【详解】所有格后用名词 purity。 7. 【答案】botanical 【详解】修饰 structures 用 botanical。 8. 【答案】depressive 【详解】修饰 effect 用 depressive。 9. 【答案】reluctant 【详解】be reluctant to 为固定搭配。 10. 【答案】employment 【详解】冠词 the 后接名词 employment。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 莲花；荷花 n.. __________ 2. 白蚁 n.. __________ 3. 土堆；土丘 n.. __________ 4. 藻类（植物） n.. __________ 5. 松果；松球 n.. __________ 6. 瓦片 n.. __________ 7. 滨水地区 n.. __________ 8. 滨海步行道 n.. __________ 9. 管道系统 n.. __________ 10. 极好的；出色的 adj.. __________ 11. 二氧化物 n.. __________ 12. （学科的）知识前沿 n.. __________ 13. 回声定位 n.. __________ 14. 雷达 n.. __________ 15. 蜻蜓 n.. __________ 【答案】1.lotus 2.termite 3.mound 4.algae 5.pine cone 6.tile 7.waterfront 8.promenade 9.plumbing 10.superb 11.dioxide 12.frontier 13.echo-location 14.radar 15.dragonfly 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. Engineers learned ideas from bats. (learned ideas from)（可替换为__________） 2. Scientists tried to find answers to the cooling problem. (find answers to)（可替换为__________） 3. We often fail to value clean water because it is familiar. (fail to value)（可替换为__________） 4. The team used a natural structure in the new design. (used)（可替换为__________） 5. The prototype changed heat into electricity. (changed...into)（可替换为__________） 1. 【答案】took inspiration from 【详解】take inspiration from 表示“从……中获取灵感”。 2. 【答案】seek solutions to 【详解】seek solutions to 更正式。 3. 【答案】take...for granted 【详解】take...for granted 表示“认为……理所当然”。 4. 【答案】employed 【详解】employ 可表示“使用；运用”。 5. 【答案】converted...into 【详解】convert...into 表示“把……转化为……”。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. biomimicry n. __________________ 2. waterfront n. __________________ 3. promenade n. __________________ 4. plumbing n. __________________ 5. echo-location n. __________________ 6. dragonfly n. __________________ 7. physician n. __________________ 8. botanical adj. __________________ 【答案】1.仿生学 2.滨水地区 3.滨海步行道 4.管道系统 5.回声定位 6.蜻蜓 7.医生 8.植物（学）的 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Nature has solved engineering problems for millions of years. A lotus leaf stays clean, a termite mound controls temperature, and a bat locates objects in darkness. These examples show why designers increasingly use ①biomimicry. Instead of inventing everything from zero, they ②take inspiration from natural systems and ③employ their principles in new technology. Good biomimetic design does not simply copy a shape. Engineers must ④evaluate how a natural mechanism works and then ⑤convert that wisdom into a practical solution. 词汇 文中意思 ① biomimicry ________________ ② take inspiration from ________________ ③ employ ________________ ④ evaluate ________________ ⑤ convert ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① biomimicry 仿生学 ② take inspiration from 从……中获取灵感 ③ employ 使用；运用 ④ evaluate 评估 ⑤ convert 使转变；转换 划线句翻译： 优秀的仿生设计并不是简单地复制某种形状。 【详解】本句先抓主干，再处理从句、非谓语或修饰成分；翻译时注意逻辑层次与中文语序自然。 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. take...for granted 认为……理所当然 2. seek solutions to 寻求……的解决方法 3. take inspiration from 从……中获取灵感 4. employ a principle 运用原理 5. convert...into 把……转化为…… 6. at the frontier of 处于……前沿 7. learn from nature 向自然学习 8. mimic a structure 模仿结构 9. evaluate a design 评估设计 10. be at ease with 不拘束；放松 11. attain a goal 达到目标 12. gain fulfilment 获得满足感 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. We often __________ the services nature provides. 2. Engineers are trying to __________ urban cooling. 3. Many inventions __________ plants and animals. 4. The device can __________ heat __________ electricity. 5. The team works __________ sustainable design. 【短语填空答案】 1. 【答案】take...for granted 【详解】句意对应“认为……理所当然”，故填 take...for granted。 2. 【答案】seek solutions to 【详解】句意对应“寻求……的解决方法”，故填 seek solutions to。 3. 【答案】take inspiration from 【详解】句意对应“从……中获取灵感”，故填 take inspiration from。 4. 【答案】convert...into 【详解】句意对应“把……转化为……”，故填 convert...into。 5. 【答案】at the frontier of 【详解】句意对应“处于……前沿”，故填 at the frontier of。 3.微完型 围绕“仿生学、自然智慧与创新”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 People sometimes __________ the quiet services provided by nature. When engineers __________ difficult problems, they can __________ plants and animals rather than start from nothing. A successful idea may __________ a natural process __________ useful technology and place a company __________ sustainable design. 1. A. pay tribute to B. pass up C. shun D. take for granted 2. A. run for one’s life B. put off C. seek solutions to D. go into debt 3. A. take inspiration from B. reject out of hand C. cast a shadow on D. make ends meet 4. A. judge; by B. convert; into C. link; to D. blame; on 5. A. from head to toe B. in vain C. at the frontier of D. on standby 【答案】1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 1. 【详解】take for granted 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 2. 【详解】seek solutions to 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 3. 【详解】take inspiration from 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 4. 【详解】convert; into 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 5. 【详解】at the frontier of 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 我们不应把自然资源视为理所当然。（提示词：take...for granted） 基础版：We should value natural resources. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 工程师可以从自然中获取灵感。（提示词：take inspiration from） 基础版：Engineers can get ideas from nature. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 研究团队正在寻找污染问题的解决方法。（提示词：seek solutions to） 基础版：The team is trying to solve pollution. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 这项技术把废热转化为电能。（提示词：convert...into） 基础版：The technology changes waste heat to electricity. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 【答案】We should never take natural resources for granted. 【详解】take...for granted 为教材核心短语。 2. 【答案】Engineers can take inspiration from nature when developing new technology. 【详解】take inspiration from 更地道。 3. 【答案】The research team is seeking solutions to the problem of pollution. 【详解】seek solutions to 适合科技语境。 4. 【答案】The technology converts waste heat into electrical energy. 【详解】convert...into 为正式科技表达。 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 6 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．secret adj.秘密的→secrecy n.保密；秘密状态 2．flush v.使发红→flushed adj.脸红的 3．sparkle n./v.闪耀→sparkling adj.闪耀的 4．red adj.红色的→redden v.（使）变红 5．innocence n.天真→innocent adj.天真无邪的 6．enhance v.增强→enhancement n.增强 7．elegance n.优美→elegant adj.优美的 8．passion n.激情→passionate adj.有强烈信念的 9．precision n.精确→precise adj.精确的 10．repute n.名声→reputation n.名誉→reputable adj.声誉好的 2.语法填空 1. The writer worked in complete __________ for months. (secret) 2. Her cheeks were __________ by the cold wind. (flush) 3. The poem describes __________ dew on the grass. (sparkle) 4. The setting sun began to __________ the clouds. (red) 5. The child’s __________ question made everyone smile. (innocence) 6. Careful imagery can lead to the __________ of a poem’s mood. (enhance) 7. The poem is admired for its __________ simplicity. (elegance) 8. She gave a __________ reading of the poem. (passion) 9. The poet chose a __________ image for each season. (precision) 10. The writer gained an international __________. (reputation) 【答案与解析】 1. 【答案】secrecy 【详解】介词 in 后接名词 secrecy。 2. 【答案】flushed 【详解】系动词 were 后用形容词 flushed。 3. 【答案】sparkling 【详解】修饰 dew 用形容词 sparkling。 4. 【答案】redden 【详解】began to 后接动词原形 redden。 5. 【答案】innocent 【详解】修饰 question 用 innocent。 6. 【答案】enhancement 【详解】the 后接名词 enhancement。 7. 【答案】elegant 【详解】修饰 simplicity 用 elegant。 8. 【答案】passionate 【详解】修饰 reading 用 passionate。 9. 【答案】precise 【详解】修饰 image 用 precise。 10. 【答案】reputation 【详解】冠词 an 后接名词 reputation。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 检查员；巡视员 n.. __________ 2. 刮胡子 n.. __________ 3. 李子；梅子 n.. __________ 4. 闪耀；闪光 n.. __________ 5. 开阔的景观；景色 n.. __________ 6. 小薄片 n.. __________ 7. （公鸡形）风标 n.. __________ 8. 雪花石膏 n.. __________ 9. 鹅 n.. __________ 10. 羽毛 n.. __________ 11. 果园 n.. __________ 12. 一串；一丛；一簇 n.. __________ 13. 收割（庄稼） v.. __________ 14. 垂死的；奄奄一息的 adj.. __________ 15. 知更鸟 n.. __________ 【答案】1.inspector 2.shaving 3.plum 4.sparkle 5.prospect 6.flake 7.weathercock 8.alabaster 9.goose 10.feather 11.orchard 12.cluster 13.reap 14.moribund 15.robin 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The flowers slowly disappeared as winter came. (disappeared)（可替换为__________） 2. A soft wind moved across the field. (soft wind)（可替换为__________） 3. The poem makes the beauty of spring stronger. (makes...stronger)（可替换为__________） 4. The branches shook in the cold. (shook)（可替换为__________） 5. The writer intentionally used a simple rural scene. (intentionally)（可替换为__________） 1. 【答案】faded 【详解】fade 表示“逐渐消失；褪色”。 2. 【答案】gentle breeze 【详解】gentle breeze 更有画面感。 3. 【答案】enhances 【详解】enhance 表示“增强”。 4. 【答案】trembled 【详解】tremble 表示“颤抖；发抖”。 5. 【答案】knowingly/deliberately 【详解】knowingly/deliberately 表示“故意地”。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. weathercock n. __________________ 2. alabaster n. __________________ 3. moribund adj. __________________ 4. catbird n. __________________ 5. marsh n. __________________ 6. fable n. __________________ 7. posthumous adj. __________________ 8. marine adj. __________________ 【答案】1.风标 2.雪花石膏 3.垂死的 4.猫鹊 5.沼泽；湿地 6.寓言 7.死后获得的 8.海洋的 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Nature writing often begins with small details: a feather on a lane, a cluster of wheat, the faint sound of a bird in an orchard. A careful writer notices how light ①reddens a church wall, how a cold branch ②trembles, or how a field seems to ③bloom after rain. These precise images can transform an ordinary ④prospect into something memorable. The best descriptions also carry emotion. Their quiet ⑤elegance helps readers feel both the beauty and the passing nature of rural life. 词汇 文中意思 ① reddens ________________ ② trembles ________________ ③ bloom ________________ ④ prospect ________________ ⑤ elegance ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① reddens 使变红 ② trembles 颤抖 ③ bloom 开花 ④ prospect 景色 ⑤ elegance 优美；简洁 划线句翻译： 最好的描写也承载着情感。 【详解】本句先抓主干，再处理从句、非谓语或修饰成分；翻译时注意逻辑层次与中文语序自然。 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. cast a shadow on 给……蒙上阴影 2. sweep across 吹过；掠过 3. fade away 逐渐消失 4. reap the wheat 收割小麦 5. a cluster of 一簇；一串 6. a gentle breeze 一阵轻柔的微风 7. redden the sky 映红天空 8. bloom in spring 在春天开花 9. alert...to 提醒……注意 10. with precision 精确地 11. gain a reputation 赢得名誉 12. be passionate about 热衷于…… 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. Dark clouds may __________ the landscape. 2. A cool wind began to __________ the orchard. 3. The last light slowly __________. 4. Farmers returned to __________. 5. The poem describes __________ white flowers. 【短语填空答案】 1. 【答案】cast a shadow on 【详解】句意对应“给……蒙上阴影”，故填 cast a shadow on。 2. 【答案】sweep across 【详解】句意对应“吹过；掠过”，故填 sweep across。 3. 【答案】faded away 【详解】句意对应“faded away”，故填 faded away。 4. 【答案】reap the wheat 【详解】句意对应“收割小麦”，故填 reap the wheat。 5. 【答案】a cluster of 【详解】句意对应“一簇；一串”，故填 a cluster of。 3.微完型 围绕“自然文学、乡村景物与诗意表达”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 By late afternoon, dark clouds began to __________ the valley. A cool wind __________ the orchard, and the last sunlight slowly __________. Farmers hurried to __________ before the rain arrived, while a poet paused beside __________ white flowers and wrote down the scene. 1. A. bank on B. cast a shadow on C. break new ground D. make ends meet 2. A. sweep across B. go into debt C. pass up D. check out 3. A. backed down B. took action C. set out D. faded away 4. A. reap the wheat B. regulate AI C. shun the spotlight D. boost confidence 5. A. a far cry from B. at the expense of C. a cluster of D. the naked eye 【答案】1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C 1. 【详解】cast a shadow on 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 2. 【详解】sweep across 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 3. 【详解】faded away 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 4. 【详解】reap the wheat 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 5. 【详解】a cluster of 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 乌云给整个山谷蒙上了阴影。（提示词：cast a shadow on） 基础版：Dark clouds made the valley dark. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 一阵轻柔的微风掠过果园。（提示词：sweep across） 基础版：A soft wind moved through the orchard. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 诗人精确地描写了春天的颜色。（提示词：with precision） 基础版：The poet described spring colours carefully. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 她对自然诗歌充满热情。（提示词：be passionate about） 基础版：She likes nature poetry very much. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 【答案】Dark clouds cast a shadow on the entire valley. 【详解】cast a shadow on 兼具字面和比喻意义。 2. 【答案】A gentle breeze swept across the orchard. 【详解】gentle breeze/sweep across 更有文学色彩。 3. 【答案】The poet described the colours of spring with remarkable precision. 【详解】with precision 提升书面表达。 4. 【答案】She is deeply passionate about poetry inspired by nature. 【详解】be passionate about 更地道。 选择性必修第四册 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 1 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．ambition n.追求；理想→ambitious adj.有抱负的 2．participate v.参与→participation n.参与 3．complex adj.复杂的→complexity n.复杂性 4．commerce n.商业→commercial adj.商业的 5．thought n.思考→thoughtful adj.认真思考的 6．symbol n.象征→symbolize v.象征 7．qualify v.使合格→qualified adj.合格的 8．fluent adj.流利的→fluency n.流利 9．sincere adj.真诚的→sincerely adv.真诚地 10．admit v.允许进入→admission n.允许进入；录取 2.语法填空 1. She set herself an __________ career goal. (ambition) 2. Student __________ in career activities increased. (participate) 3. The decision has more __________ than it first appears. (complex) 4. He gained experience at a __________ radio station. (commerce) 5. A __________ decision takes both values and facts into account. (thought) 6. The crossroads may __________ a major life choice. (symbol) 7. Only __________ applicants will be interviewed. (qualify) 8. The job requires strong English __________. (fluent) 9. She __________ thanked the interviewer. (sincere) 10. University __________ can influence future plans. (admit) 【答案与解析】 1. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】修饰 goal 用形容词 ambitious。 2. 【答案】participation 【详解】作主语用名词 participation。 3. 【答案】complexity 【详解】more 后接名词 complexity。 4. 【答案】commercial 【详解】修饰 radio station 用 commercial。 5. 【答案】thoughtful 【详解】修饰 decision 用 thoughtful。 6. 【答案】symbolize 【详解】情态动词 may 后用 symbolize。 7. 【答案】qualified 【详解】修饰 applicants 用 qualified。 8. 【答案】fluency 【详解】形容词 English 后接名词 fluency。 9. 【答案】sincerely 【详解】修饰 thanked 用副词 sincerely。 10. 【答案】admission 【详解】作主语用名词 admission。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 采取行动 phr.. __________ 2. （男性的）童年时期；少年时代 n.. __________ 3. 接受工作培训的人；实习生 n.. __________ 4. 通讯员；记者 n.. __________ 5. 私家侦探 n.. __________ 6. 最后；最终 adv.. __________ 7. 小圆点 n.. __________ 8. 往回；往前面 adv.. __________ 9. 岔开；分开 v.. __________ 10. 下木层；下层灌木丛 n.. __________ 11. 许多的；很多的 adj.. __________ 12. 困境；进退两难的境地 n.. __________ 13. 情况；情形 n.. __________ 14. 感情；钟爱 n.. __________ 15. 当班时间 n.. __________ 【答案】1.take action 2.boyhood 3.trainee 4.correspondent 5.detective 6.ultimately 7.dot 8.backwards 9.diverge 10.undergrowth 11.numerous 12.dilemma 13.circumstance 14.affection 15.shift 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. She finally decided what career to choose. (decided)（可替换为__________） 2. He did not want to miss a rare opportunity. (miss)（可替换为__________） 3. She began to doubt her earlier decision. (doubt her earlier decision)（可替换为__________） 4. They delayed the meeting until Friday. (delayed)（可替换为__________） 5. We should consider the advantages and disadvantages. (consider)（可替换为__________） 1. 【答案】made up her mind 【详解】make up one’s mind 表示“做出决定”。 2. 【答案】pass up 【详解】pass up 表示“放过；错过”。 3. 【答案】had second thoughts 【详解】have second thoughts 表示“产生怀疑”。 4. 【答案】put off 【详解】put off 表示“推迟”。 5. 【答案】weigh up 【详解】weigh up 表示“仔细考虑；权衡”。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. bullfighting n. __________________ 2. commercial n. __________________ 3. alternative n. __________________ 4. dilemma n. __________________ 5. circumstance n. __________________ 6. fluency n. __________________ 7. refreshments n. __________________ 8. correspondent n. __________________ 【答案】1.斗牛 2.商业广告 3.可供选择的事物 4.困境 5.情况；情形 6.熟练；流利 7.茶点；点心和饮料 8.通讯员；记者 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Young people often imagine that a major life decision should be simple. In reality, choices about university, work and relationships can diverge in unexpected ways. A sensible decision-maker does not reject an option out of hand. Instead, he or she ①weighs up alternatives, considers the ②circumstances and asks whether a choice fits long-term ③ambition. It is also normal to ④have second thoughts. The important thing is to think carefully, make up one’s mind and then take ⑤action when the time is right. 词汇 文中意思 ① weighs up ________________ ② circumstances ________________ ③ ambition ________________ ④ have second thoughts ________________ ⑤ action ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① weighs up 仔细考虑；权衡 ② circumstances 情况；情形 ③ ambition 追求；理想 ④ have second thoughts 产生怀疑 ⑤ action 行动 划线句翻译： 理性的决策者不会不加考虑地彻底否定一个选择。 【详解】本句先抓主干，再处理从句、非谓语或修饰成分；翻译时注意逻辑层次与中文语序自然。 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. make up one’s mind 做出决定 2. pass up 放过；错过（机会） 3. have second thoughts 产生怀疑 4. put off 推迟 5. reject...out of hand 坚决拒绝……；彻底否决…… 6. weigh up 仔细考虑；权衡 7. take action 采取行动 8. participate in 参加；参与 9. arise from 由……引起 10. under the circumstances 在这种情况下 11. be qualified for 有资格…… 12. work a shift 轮班工作 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. After long discussion, she finally __________. 2. He refused to __________ the chance to study abroad. 3. Many students __________ after receiving a second offer. 4. Do not __________ an important decision forever. 5. Before choosing, you should __________ all the alternatives. 【短语填空答案】 1. 【答案】made up her mind 【详解】句意对应“made up her mind”，故填 made up her mind。 2. 【答案】pass up 【详解】句意对应“放过；错过（机会）”，故填 pass up。 3. 【答案】have second thoughts 【详解】句意对应“产生怀疑”，故填 have second thoughts。 4. 【答案】put off 【详解】句意对应“推迟”，故填 put off。 5. 【答案】weigh up 【详解】句意对应“仔细考虑；权衡”，故填 weigh up。 3.微完型 围绕“人生选择、决定与职业规划”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 Li Ming received two offers and could not decide. After talking with his family, he finally __________. He did not want to __________ a rare opportunity, but he also began to __________ when he considered the costs. Rather than __________ the decision again, he chose to __________ the advantages and disadvantages carefully. 1. A. ran for his life B. went into debt C. made up his mind D. took a pill 2. A. cast a shadow on B. reap C. sweep across D. pass up 3. A. take inspiration from B. have second thoughts C. break new ground D. be on standby 4. A. commemorate B. regulate C. reaffirm D. put off 5. A. weigh up B. shun C. redden D. mimic 【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.A 1. 【详解】made up his mind 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 2. 【详解】pass up 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 3. 【详解】have second thoughts 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 4. 【详解】put off 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 5. 【详解】weigh up 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 经过认真权衡，她终于做出了决定。（提示词：weigh up / make up one’s mind） 基础版：She thought carefully and decided. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 不要轻易错过真正适合你的机会。（提示词：pass up） 基础版：Do not miss a good opportunity. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 在这种情况下，推迟决定可能更明智。（提示词：under the circumstances / put off） 基础版：Maybe it is better to decide later. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 他有资格申请这份实习。（提示词：be qualified for） 基础版：He can apply for the training job. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 【答案】After carefully weighing up the alternatives, she finally made up her mind. 【详解】两处教材短语自然衔接。 2. 【答案】Do not pass up an opportunity that genuinely suits you. 【详解】pass up 更地道。 3. 【答案】Under the circumstances, it may be wiser to put off the decision. 【详解】under the circumstances 适合议论文。 4. 【答案】He is fully qualified for the trainee position. 【详解】be qualified for 是求职核心表达。 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 2 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．weak adj.虚弱的→weaken v.（使）虚弱 2．pessimism n.悲观→pessimistic adj.悲观的 3．anticipate v.预期→anticipation n.预期 4．possess v.拥有→possession n.财产；财物 5．recognise v.承认→recognition n.承认；认可 6．cooperate v.合作→cooperation n.合作 7．pure adj.纯净的→purity n.纯净 8．transparent adj.透明的→transparency n.透明 9．instinct n.本能→instinctively adv.本能地 10．luxury n.奢华→luxurious adj.奢华的 2.语法填空 1. Long illness can __________ both body and confidence. (weak) 2. A __________ attitude can make difficulties seem larger. (pessimism) 3. The children waited in eager __________. (anticipate) 4. After the storm, many families lost their __________. (possess) 5. The volunteer’s work gained public __________. (recognise) 6. Recovery depends on trust and __________. (cooperate) 7. The mountain spring remained remarkably __________. (pure) 8. The organization promised greater financial __________. (transparent) 9. She __________ reached out to help the child. (instinct) 10. They chose a simple life rather than a __________ one. (luxury) 【答案与解析】 1. 【答案】weaken 【详解】情态动词 can 后接动词原形 weaken。 2. 【答案】pessimistic 【详解】修饰 attitude 用形容词 pessimistic。 3. 【答案】anticipation 【详解】介词 in 后接名词 anticipation。 4. 【答案】possessions 【详解】their 后用名词复数 possessions。 5. 【答案】recognition 【详解】形容词 public 后接名词 recognition。 6. 【答案】cooperation 【详解】and 连接并列名词 cooperation。 7. 【答案】pure 【详解】remain 后用形容词 pure。 8. 【答案】transparency 【详解】形容词 financial 后接名词 transparency。 9. 【答案】instinctively 【详解】修饰 reached 用副词 instinctively。 10. 【答案】luxurious 【详解】修饰 one 用形容词 luxurious。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. （使）重聚 phr.. __________ 2. 不正常的；反常的 adj.. __________ 3. 广泛流传的 adj.. __________ 4. 成语；习语；警句 n.. __________ 5. 工作酬金；服务费 n.. __________ 6. 大学学费 n.. __________ 7. 张开的；伸开的 adj.. __________ 8. 挤满 v.. __________ 9. 恼火的 adj.. __________ 10. 荒唐的；愚蠢的 adj.. __________ 11. 倚；靠 v.. __________ 12. 绝望 n.. __________ 13. 奢华；奢侈 n.. __________ 14. 抚摸 v.. __________ 15. 夫人；太太；女士 n.. __________ 【答案】1.be reunited with 2.abnormal 3.widespread 4.phrase 5.fee 6.university fees 7.outstretched 8.cram 9.vexed 10.absurd 11.lean 12.despair 13.luxury 14.stroke 15.Madame 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The long journey made him less strong. (less strong)（可替换为__________） 2. Everyone accepted the value of the idea. (accepted)（可替换为__________） 3. They worked together to solve the problem. (worked together)（可替换为__________） 4. Her first reaction came without thinking. (without thinking)（可替换为__________） 5. He lost hope completely. (lost hope)（可替换为__________） 1. 【答案】weakened 【详解】weaken 表示“使虚弱”。 2. 【答案】recognised 【详解】recognise 可表示“认可”。 3. 【答案】cooperated 【详解】cooperate 表示“合作”。 4. 【答案】instinctively 【详解】instinctively 表示“本能地”。 5. 【答案】fell into despair 【详解】despair 表示“绝望”。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. outstretched adj. __________________ 2. vexed adj. __________________ 3. absurd adj. __________________ 4. stroke v. __________________ 5. despair n. __________________ 6. possession n. __________________ 7. recognition n. __________________ 8. luxury n. __________________ 【答案】1.张开的；伸开的 2.恼火的 3.荒唐的；愚蠢的 4.轻抚；抚摸 5.绝望 6.财产；财物 7.承认；认可 8.奢华；奢侈 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Stories about hardship often remind us that a meaningful life is not measured by possessions alone. Wealth can disappear, health can weaken, and carefully made plans can fail. What keeps people moving forward is often their ability to avoid ①despair and maintain human connection. Friends may ②cooperate, strangers may offer an ③outstretched hand, and communities may help people rebuild. With time, suffering can produce a different kind of ④recognition: what once seemed a luxury may be less important than trust, dignity and the ⑤pure joy of being reunited with loved ones. 词汇 文中意思 ① despair ________________ ② cooperate ________________ ③ outstretched ________________ ④ recognition ________________ ⑤ pure ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① despair 绝望 ② cooperate 合作 ③ outstretched 伸开的 ④ recognition 认识；认可 ⑤ pure 纯粹的 划线句翻译： 让人们继续前行的，往往是他们避免绝望并保持人与人联系的能力。 【详解】本句先抓主干，再处理从句、非谓语或修饰成分；翻译时注意逻辑层次与中文语序自然。 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. be reunited with 与……重聚 2. lean on 依靠 3. in despair 绝望地 4. gain recognition 获得认可 5. cooperate with 与……合作 6. pay a fee 支付费用 7. cram into 挤进 8. live in luxury 过奢华生活 9. reach out to 向……伸出援手 10. remain pure 保持纯洁 11. anticipate change 预期变化 12. show affection 表达喜爱 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. After years apart, the family was finally __________ one another. 2. In difficult times, people often __________ close friends. 3. The hero refused to give up even __________. 4. Her efforts gradually began to __________. 5. Local groups agreed to __________ each other. 【短语填空答案】 1. 【答案】reunited with 【详解】句意对应“reunited with”，故填 reunited with。 2. 【答案】lean on 【详解】句意对应“依靠”，故填 lean on。 3. 【答案】in despair 【详解】句意对应“绝望地”，故填 in despair。 4. 【答案】gain recognition 【详解】句意对应“获得认可”，故填 gain recognition。 5. 【答案】cooperate with 【详解】句意对应“与……合作”，故填 cooperate with。 3.微完型 围绕“人生哲理、苦难与成长”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 After a long separation, two brothers were finally __________ each other. During difficult years they had learned to __________ friends and family rather than face everything alone. Even __________, neither had completely given up. Their quiet courage slowly began to __________, and community organizations learned to __________ one another more effectively. 1. A. reunited with B. at ease with C. associated with D. native to 2. A. shun B. lean on C. ban D. reap 3. A. on standby B. from head to toe C. in despair D. at a glance 4. A. go into debt B. gain recognition C. take a pill D. make a getaway 5. A. judge by B. convert into C. blame on D. cooperate with 【答案】1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.D 1. 【详解】reunited with 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 2. 【详解】lean on 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 3. 【详解】in despair 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 4. 【详解】gain recognition 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 5. 【详解】cooperate with 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 多年后，他们终于与家人重聚。（提示词：be reunited with） 基础版：They met their family again after many years. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 困难时我们可以依靠彼此。（提示词：lean on） 基础版：We can depend on each other in difficulties. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 即使绝望，他也没有放弃。（提示词：in despair） 基础版：He did not give up although he was hopeless. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 合作使社区更加强大。（提示词：cooperate） 基础版：Working together made the community stronger. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 【答案】After many years, they were finally reunited with their family. 【详解】be reunited with 更正式。 2. 【答案】In difficult times, we can lean on one another for support. 【详解】lean on 语气自然。 3. 【答案】Even in despair, he refused to give up. 【详解】in despair 简洁地表达状态。 4. 【答案】By learning to cooperate, the community became stronger and more resilient. 【详解】cooperate/resilient 提升表达。 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．glory n.辉煌→glorious adj.辉煌的 2．religion n.宗教→religious adj.宗教的 3．heaven n.天国→heavenly adj.天国的 4．strength n.力量→strengthen v.加强 5．history n.历史→historian n.历史学家→historical adj.历史的 6．romance n.传奇故事→romantic adj.浪漫的 7．testify v.证明→testimony n.证据；证明 8．cover v.覆盖→coverage n.覆盖范围 9．enormous adj.巨大的→enormously adv.极其 10．scholar n.学者→scholarship n.学术研究；奖学金 2.语法填空 1. Visitors were impressed by the city’s __________ past. (glory) 2. The murals contain many __________ images. (religion) 3. The dancers were described as __________ figures. (heaven) 4. Cultural exchange can __________ mutual understanding. (strength) 5. A local __________ explained the story of the site. (history) 6. The legend has a deeply __________ ending. (romance) 7. The murals provide valuable __________ to cultural exchange. (testify) 8. International media __________ increased after the expo. (cover) 9. The project contributed __________ to public interest. (enormous) 10. The institute is known for serious __________ on Chinese classics. (scholar) 【答案与解析】 1. 【答案】glorious 【详解】修饰 past 用 glorious。 2. 【答案】religious 【详解】修饰 images 用 religious。 3. 【答案】heavenly 【详解】修饰 figures 用 heavenly。 4. 【答案】strengthen 【详解】情态动词 can 后接 strengthen。 5. 【答案】historian 【详解】冠词 a 后接 historian。 6. 【答案】romantic 【详解】修饰 ending 用 romantic。 7. 【答案】testimony 【详解】形容词 valuable 后接 testimony。 8. 【答案】coverage 【详解】修饰 increased 的主语用名词 coverage。 9. 【答案】enormously 【详解】修饰 contributed 用副词 enormously。 10. 【答案】scholarship 【详解】介词 for 后用名词 scholarship。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 通向……的门户 n.. __________ 2. （沙漠中的）绿洲 n.. __________ 3. 自豪地拥有（好事物） v.. __________ 4. 小洞穴 n.. __________ 5. 壁画 n.. __________ 6. 飞天 n.. __________ 7. 高峰；顶点 n.. __________ 8. 道士 n.. __________ 9. 纸卷；卷轴 n.. __________ 10. 陶瓷制品 n.. __________ 11. 展览会；博览会 n.. __________ 12. 汉学家 n.. __________ 13. 寺庙；寺院 n.. __________ 14. 牧羊人 n.. __________ 15. 计谋；策略 n.. __________ 【答案】1.gateway 2.oasis 3.boast 4.grotto 5.mural 6.Apsaras 7.peak 8.Taoist priest 9.scroll 10.ceramics 11.expo 12.Sinologist 13.temple 14.shepherd 15.stratagem 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The old route served as an entrance to different cultures. (entrance)（可替换为__________） 2. The city is proud to have many historic sites. (is proud to have)（可替换为__________） 3. The murals are evidence of ancient exchange. (evidence)（可替换为__________） 4. The festival made cultural links stronger. (made...stronger)（可替换为__________） 5. The exhibition received attention from many media. (attention from many media)（可替换为__________） 1. 【答案】gateway 【详解】gateway 可表示“通向……的门户”。 2. 【答案】boasts 【详解】boast 可表示“自豪地拥有”。 3. 【答案】testimony 【详解】testimony 表示“证据；证明”。 4. 【答案】strengthened 【详解】strengthen 表示“加强”。 5. 【答案】wide coverage 【详解】coverage 表示“媒体覆盖”。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. gateway n. __________________ 2. grotto n. __________________ 3. testimony n. __________________ 4. Apsaras n. __________________ 5. Sinologist n. __________________ 6. scroll n. __________________ 7. ceramics n. __________________ 8. stratagem n. __________________ 【答案】1.通向……的门户 2.小洞穴 3.证据；证明 4.飞天 5.汉学家 6.纸卷；卷轴 7.陶瓷制品 8.计谋；策略 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 For centuries, trade routes across Asia carried not only goods but also stories, beliefs and artistic ideas. Desert oases became gateways where travellers from different cultures met. The surviving ①murals and ②scrolls are powerful ③testimony to those encounters. They show how local artists learned from foreign styles while creating something distinctly Chinese. Today, museums, scholars and cultural ④expos continue to ⑤strengthen dialogue. By explaining the past clearly, they help the world understand how civilizations have influenced one another. 词汇 文中意思 ① murals ________________ ② scrolls ________________ ③ testimony ________________ ④ expos ________________ ⑤ strengthen ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① murals 壁画 ② scrolls 卷轴 ③ testimony 证据；证明 ④ expos 博览会 ⑤ strengthen 加强 划线句翻译： 它们展示了当地艺术家如何在学习外来风格的同时，创造出具有鲜明中国特色的艺术。 【详解】本句先抓主干，再处理从句、非谓语或修饰成分；翻译时注意逻辑层次与中文语序自然。 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. prior to 在……之前 2. serve as a gateway to 作为通向……的门户 3. boast a long history 拥有悠久历史 4. provide testimony to 为……提供证据 5. strengthen cultural ties 加强文化联系 6. gain wide coverage 获得广泛报道 7. reach a peak 达到顶峰 8. hold an expo 举办博览会 9. study the I Ching 研究《易经》 10. read The Analects 研读《论语》 11. promote mutual understanding 促进相互理解 12. tell a romantic legend 讲述传奇故事 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. The oasis once __________ the western regions. 2. The city __________ and many ancient temples. 3. The murals __________ early cultural exchange. 4. Exchange programmes can __________. 5. The exhibition quickly __________ in international media. 【短语填空答案】 1. 【答案】served as a gateway to 【详解】句意对应“served as a gateway to”，故填 served as a gateway to。 2. 【答案】boasts a long history 【详解】句意对应“boasts a long history”，故填 boasts a long history。 3. 【答案】provide testimony to 【详解】句意对应“为……提供证据”，故填 provide testimony to。 4. 【答案】strengthen cultural ties 【详解】句意对应“加强文化联系”，故填 strengthen cultural ties。 5. 【答案】gained wide coverage 【详解】句意对应“gained wide coverage”，故填 gained wide coverage。 3.微完型 围绕“中国文化、文明互鉴与传播”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 The ancient city once __________ the western regions and today still __________. Its murals and ceramics __________ centuries of cultural exchange. Modern exhibitions aim to __________, and a recent international expo __________ in major media around the world. 1. A. made ends meet B. took a pill C. served as a gateway to D. went into debt 2. A. boasts a long history B. is on standby C. is at ease with D. is bound to 3. A. provide testimony to B. shun the spotlight C. run for one’s life D. sweep across 4. A. reap the wheat B. boost a jawline C. rent out D. strengthen cultural ties 5. A. had second thoughts B. gained wide coverage C. made a getaway D. cast a shadow 【答案】1.C 2.A 3.A 4.D 5.B 1. 【详解】served as a gateway to 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 2. 【详解】boasts a long history 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 3. 【详解】provide testimony to 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 4. 【详解】strengthen cultural ties 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 5. 【详解】gained wide coverage 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 这座城市曾是通往西域的重要门户。（提示词：gateway） 基础版：The city was an important entrance to the western regions. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 这些壁画为文化交流提供了有力证据。（提示词：testimony） 基础版：These murals prove cultural exchange happened. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 文化交流能够加强相互理解。（提示词：strengthen） 基础版：Cultural exchange can improve understanding. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 展览获得了国际媒体的广泛报道。（提示词：coverage） 基础版：International media reported the exhibition widely. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 【答案】The city once served as an important gateway to the western regions. 【详解】serve as a gateway to 更准确。 2. 【答案】These murals provide powerful testimony to centuries of cultural exchange. 【详解】testimony 使表达更正式。 3. 【答案】Cultural exchange can strengthen mutual understanding between peoples. 【详解】strengthen mutual understanding 是高频表达。 4. 【答案】The exhibition gained wide coverage in the international media. 【详解】gain wide coverage 更地道。 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 4 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．enterprise n.事业→enterprising adj.有创业精神的 2．entrepreneur n.创业者→entrepreneurial adj.创业的 3．manufacture v.制造→manufacturer n.制造商 4．finance n.财务→financial adj.财务的 5．accumulate v.积累→accumulation n.积累 6．supervise v.监督→supervision n.监督 7．frustrate v.使懊恼→frustration n.懊恼；沮丧 8．convention n.惯例→conventional adj.传统的；常规的 9．discriminate v.区别对待→discrimination n.歧视 10．rational adj.合理的→rationally adv.理性地 2.语法填空 1. The company is looking for __________ young people. (enterprise) 2. The course develops __________ skills. (entrepreneur) 3. A local __________ agreed to produce the design. (manufacture) 4. Students need basic __________ knowledge. (finance) 5. The slow __________ of debt can become dangerous. (accumulate) 6. Trainees work under professional __________. (supervise) 7. Repeated failure caused great __________. (frustrate) 8. The start-up rejected a __________ business model. (convention) 9. Law should protect workers from __________. (discriminate) 10. Consumers should think __________ before borrowing money. (rational) 【答案与解析】 1. 【答案】enterprising 【详解】修饰 people 用 enterprising。 2. 【答案】entrepreneurial 【详解】修饰 skills 用 entrepreneurial。 3. 【答案】manufacturer 【详解】冠词 a 后用 manufacturer。 4. 【答案】financial 【详解】修饰 knowledge 用 financial。 5. 【答案】accumulation 【详解】冠词 the 后用 accumulation。 6. 【答案】supervision 【详解】介词 under 后接名词 supervision。 7. 【答案】frustration 【详解】形容词 great 后接名词 frustration。 8. 【答案】conventional 【详解】修饰 model 用 conventional。 9. 【答案】discrimination 【详解】介词 from 后接名词 discrimination。 10. 【答案】rationally 【详解】修饰 think 用副词 rationally。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 额；前额 n.. __________ 2. 头晕目眩的 adj.. __________ 3. 女主席；女会长 n.. __________ 4. 日出；黎明 n.. __________ 5. 投入（物） n.. __________ 6. 障碍；阻碍；妨碍 n.. __________ 7. 阶段；时期 n.. __________ 8. 化妆品；美容品 n.. __________ 9. 购买 v.. __________ 10. （商品的）分销；经销 n.. __________ 11. 奖金；红利 n.. __________ 12. 指导；引导 n.. __________ 13. 顾问 n.. __________ 14. 庄园 n.. __________ 15. （女式）钱包 n.. __________ 【答案】1.forehead 2.dizzy 3.chairwoman 4.sunrise 5.input 6.obstacle 7.phase 8.cosmetics 9.purchase 10.distribution 11.bonus 12.guidance 13.consultant 14.estate 15.purse 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The family had just enough money for basic needs. (had just enough money)（可替换为__________） 2. The business remained able to pay its debts. (able to pay its debts)（可替换为__________） 3. He borrowed too much money. (borrowed too much money)（可替换为__________） 4. Costs became larger than income. (became larger than)（可替换为__________） 5. Money problems made her upset. (made her upset)（可替换为__________） 1. 【答案】made ends meet 【详解】make ends meet 表示“使收支仅能相抵”。 2. 【答案】afloat 【详解】afloat 可表示“经济上周转得开的”。 3. 【答案】went into debt 【详解】go into debt 表示“陷入债务”。 4. 【答案】exceeded 【详解】exceed 表示“超过”。 5. 【答案】caused frustration 【详解】frustration 表示“懊恼；沮丧”。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. enterprising adj. __________________ 2. distribution n. __________________ 3. consultant n. __________________ 4. conventional adj. __________________ 5. equator n. __________________ 6. freshman n. __________________ 7. afloat adj. __________________ 8. thereby adv. __________________ 【答案】1.有创业精神的 2.分销；经销 3.顾问 4.传统的；常规的 5.赤道 6.一年级学生 7.经济上周转得开的 8.因此；由此 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Starting a business can be exciting, but enthusiasm alone is not enough. Young entrepreneurs need a product, a market and a realistic plan for costs and distribution. A responsible founder must think ①rationally about money. If expenses ②exceed income for too long, a company can quickly go into debt and struggle to stay ③afloat. Good ④guidance and careful financial supervision help a start-up survive its early ⑤phase. In this sense, entrepreneurship is as much about discipline as creativity. 词汇 文中意思 ① rationally ________________ ② exceed ________________ ③ afloat ________________ ④ guidance ________________ ⑤ phase ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① rationally 理性地 ② exceed 超过 ③ afloat 经济上周转得开的 ④ guidance 指导 ⑤ phase 阶段 划线句翻译： 一个负责任的创业者必须理性地考虑资金问题。 【详解】本句先抓主干，再处理从句、非谓语或修饰成分；翻译时注意逻辑层次与中文语序自然。 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. make ends meet 使收支仅能相抵 2. go into debt 陷入债务 3. stay afloat 维持财务运转 4. at the expense of 以损害……为代价 5. interfere with 妨碍；阻止 6. seek financial guidance 寻求财务指导 7. exceed a budget 超出预算 8. accumulate debt 积累债务 9. rent out 出租 10. hire staff 雇用员工 11. purchase equipment 购买设备 12. distribute products 分销产品 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. Many small firms struggle to __________ in their first year. 2. Borrowing without a plan can make a family __________. 3. A company needs enough cash to __________. 4. Growth should not come __________ workers’ well-being. 5. Poor planning may __________ normal production. 【短语填空答案】 1. 【答案】make ends meet 【详解】句意对应“使收支仅能相抵”，故填 make ends meet。 2. 【答案】go into debt 【详解】句意对应“陷入债务”，故填 go into debt。 3. 【答案】stay afloat 【详解】句意对应“维持财务运转”，故填 stay afloat。 4. 【答案】at the expense of 【详解】句意对应“以损害……为代价”，故填 at the expense of。 5. 【答案】interfere with 【详解】句意对应“妨碍；阻止”，故填 interfere with。 3.微完型 围绕“创业、经济与财务责任”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 A student started a small online shop. At first it was hard to __________, and she knew careless borrowing could make her __________. To __________, she kept detailed records and refused to grow __________ customer trust. She also redesigned her schedule so that study would not __________ normal business operations. 1. A. take action B. make ends meet C. reap wheat D. fade away 2. A. be reunited with B. be on standby C. think outside the box D. go into debt 3. A. run for one’s life B. boost confidence C. stay afloat D. hold an expo 4. A. at the expense of B. from head to toe C. in vain D. at a glance 5. A. resemble B. commemorate C. interfere with D. flush 【答案】1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.C 1. 【详解】make ends meet 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 2. 【详解】go into debt 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 3. 【详解】stay afloat 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 4. 【详解】at the expense of 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 5. 【详解】interfere with 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 创业初期很多小企业只能勉强维持收支平衡。（提示词：make ends meet） 基础版：Many small businesses have little money at first. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 不理性的借贷可能让人陷入债务。（提示词：go into debt） 基础版：Bad borrowing may create debt. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 企业不能以牺牲员工为代价追求利润。（提示词：at the expense of） 基础版：A company should not hurt workers for profit. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 理性的财务规划有助于企业维持运转。（提示词：stay afloat） 基础版：Good planning helps a company survive. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 【答案】Many small businesses struggle to make ends meet during the early phase of a start-up. 【详解】make ends meet/phase 均为教材表达。 2. 【答案】Irrational borrowing can easily cause people to go into debt. 【详解】go into debt 更地道。 3. 【答案】A company should never pursue profit at the expense of its employees. 【详解】at the expense of 是议论文高频短语。 4. 【答案】Rational financial planning helps a business stay afloat. 【详解】stay afloat 具有经济语境意义。 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 5 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．civilisation n.文明→civilise v.使文明→civilised adj.文明的 2．intrigue v.激起兴趣→intriguing adj.有趣的 3．expand v.扩大→expansion n.扩大；增加 4．investigate v.调查→investigation n.调查 5．archaeology n.考古学→archaeological adj.考古学的 6．note v.注意→notable adj.显著的→notably adv.尤其 7．abandon v.离弃→abandonment n.遗弃 8．equivalence n.等值→equivalent adj.等同的 9．retreat v.后退→retreat n.退避 10．drill v.钻探→drilling n.钻探 2.语法填空 1. Archaeologists study how early __________ societies developed. (civilisation) 2. The ruins present an __________ mystery. (intrigue) 3. The city’s rapid __________ changed the landscape. (expand) 4. The discovery led to a new archaeological __________. (investigate) 5. The team found important __________ evidence. (archaeology) 6. The site is __________ well preserved. (notable) 7. The sudden __________ of the settlement remains unexplained. (abandon) 8. The ancient measure was roughly __________ to one metre. (equivalent) 9. The army’s unexpected __________ changed the course of events. (retreat) 10. Deep-sea __________ requires specialised vessels. (drill) 【答案与解析】 1. 【答案】civilised 【详解】修饰 societies 用 civilised。 2. 【答案】intriguing 【详解】修饰 mystery 用 intriguing。 3. 【答案】expansion 【详解】形容词 rapid 后接名词 expansion。 4. 【答案】investigation 【详解】冠词 a 后接名词 investigation。 5. 【答案】archaeological 【详解】修饰 evidence 用 archaeological。 6. 【答案】notably 【详解】修饰 well preserved 用副词 notably。 7. 【答案】abandonment 【详解】形容词 sudden 后接 abandonment。 8. 【答案】equivalent 【详解】be equivalent to 为固定搭配。 9. 【答案】retreat 【详解】所有格后接名词 retreat。 10. 【答案】drilling 【详解】作主语用 drilling。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 金字塔 n.. __________ 2. 天文学 n.. __________ 3. 运河 n.. __________ 4. 气旋；旋风 n.. __________ 5. 超级干旱 n.. __________ 6. 衰败 n.. __________ 7. 残垣断壁；废墟 n.. __________ 8. 逃跑；逃走 n.. __________ 9. 退避；离开；退避 v.. __________ 10. 地图上没有标明的 adj.. __________ 11. 探究；探究 v.. __________ 12. 失事的船；沉船 n.. __________ 13. 珊瑚 n.. __________ 14. 管眼鱼 n.. __________ 15. 船；舰 n.. __________ 【答案】1.pyramid 2.astronomy 3.canal 4.cyclone 5.megadrought 6.downfall 7.ruin 8.getaway 9.retreat 10.uncharted 11.delve 12.shipwreck 13.coral 14.barreleye 15.vessel 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. The once-great city slowly became ruined. (became ruined)（可替换为__________） 2. The explorers began a long journey. (began a long journey)（可替换为__________） 3. The researcher studied the mystery deeply. (studied...deeply)（可替换为__________） 4. The police examined the strange disappearance. (examined)（可替换为__________） 5. The team avoided the dangerous area. (avoided)（可替换为__________） 1. 【答案】fell into ruin 【详解】fall into ruin 表示“因无人照料而衰落”。 2. 【答案】set out 【详解】set out 表示“动身踏上旅途”。 3. 【答案】delved into 【详解】delve into 表示“深入探究”。 4. 【答案】looked into 【详解】look into 表示“调查（问题）”。 5. 【答案】steered clear of 【详解】steer clear of 表示“避开”。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. megadrought n. __________________ 2. uncharted adj. __________________ 3. shipwreck n. __________________ 4. barreleye n. __________________ 5. trench n. __________________ 6. vessel n. __________________ 7. substance n. __________________ 8. notable adj. __________________ 【答案】1.超级干旱 2.地图上没有标明的 3.失事的船；沉船 4.管眼鱼 5.海沟 6.船；舰 7.物质 8.显著的；值得注意的 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Human curiosity often pushes people beyond familiar borders. Archaeologists enter ruins, sailors cross unknown seas and scientists send instruments into deep trenches. The unknown can be dangerous. A cyclone may force a team to ①retreat, a shipwreck may leave evidence buried for centuries, and a megadrought can cause a civilisation to ②fall into ruin. Yet exploration continues. Researchers ③set out, ④delve into difficult questions and use every new ⑤investigation to build a clearer picture of the past and the planet. 词汇 文中意思 ① retreat ________________ ② fall into ruin ________________ ③ set out ________________ ④ delve into ________________ ⑤ investigation ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① retreat 后退；退避 ② fall into ruin 衰落；败落 ③ set out 动身踏上旅途 ④ delve into 深入探究 ⑤ investigation 调查 划线句翻译： 未知世界可能充满危险。 【详解】本句先抓主干，再处理从句、非谓语或修饰成分；翻译时注意逻辑层次与中文语序自然。 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. fall into ruin 衰落；败落 2. make a getaway 逃跑；逃走 3. run for one’s life 逃命 4. check out 调查；检查 5. test the waters 试水；试探 6. steer clear of 避开…… 7. set out 动身踏上旅途 8. delve into 深入探究 9. think twice 再三考虑；慎重考虑 10. look into 调查（问题） 11. throw oneself into 积极投入到……中去 12. shrink from 避免做；不愿做 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. Without protection, ancient buildings may __________. 2. The thief tried to __________ before the guards arrived. 3. During the cyclone, villagers had to __________. 4. Scientists went to __________ a strange signal. 5. Before a large expedition, the team decided to __________. 【短语填空答案】 1. 【答案】fall into ruin 【详解】句意对应“衰落；败落”，故填 fall into ruin。 2. 【答案】make a getaway 【详解】句意对应“逃跑；逃走”，故填 make a getaway。 3. 【答案】run for their lives 【详解】句意对应“run for their lives”，故填 run for their lives。 4. 【答案】check out 【详解】句意对应“调查；检查”，故填 check out。 5. 【答案】test the waters 【详解】句意对应“试水；试探”，故填 test the waters。 3.微完型 围绕“探索未知、考古与冒险精神”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 An old coastal fort had begun to __________ after decades of neglect. One night, treasure hunters tried to __________, but a sudden storm forced everyone to __________. The next morning, archaeologists arrived to __________ the damaged site. Before launching a full investigation, however, they decided to __________ with a small survey. 1. A. stay afloat B. gain recognition C. be reunited D. fall into ruin 2. A. take inspiration from B. make a getaway C. pay tribute to D. work a shift 3. A. run for their lives B. make ends meet C. reap wheat D. boost confidence 4. A. cast a shadow B. regulate AI C. check out D. restore an antique 5. A. go into debt B. test the waters C. break new ground D. be on standby 【答案】1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 1. 【详解】fall into ruin 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 2. 【详解】make a getaway 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 3. 【详解】run for their lives 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 4. 【详解】check out 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 5. 【详解】test the waters 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 没有保护，这些古迹可能逐渐衰败。（提示词：fall into ruin） 基础版：Without protection, the sites may become ruined. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 探险队动身前往未知地区。（提示词：set out） 基础版：The team began to travel to an unknown area. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 科学家正在深入探究这个谜团。（提示词：delve into） 基础版：Scientists are studying the mystery deeply. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 面对危险，我们应先慎重考虑。（提示词：think twice） 基础版：We should think carefully before facing danger. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 【答案】Without proper protection, these historic sites may gradually fall into ruin. 【详解】fall into ruin 是教材短语。 2. 【答案】The expedition set out for an uncharted region. 【详解】set out/uncharted 更贴近探索语境。 3. 【答案】Scientists are delving into the mystery with new evidence. 【详解】delve into 更正式。 4. 【答案】We should think twice before throwing ourselves into unnecessary danger. 【详解】think twice/throw oneself into 均来自教材。 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 6 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．hazard n.危险→hazardous adj.危险的 2．exception n.例外→unexceptional adj.平常的 3．simulate v.模仿→simulated adj.模拟的→simulator n.模拟装置 4．life n.生命→lifelike adj.生动的；逼真的 5．cosmos n.宇宙→cosmic adj.宇宙的 6．conceive v.想象→conceivably adv.可以相信地；可想象地 7．atom n.原子→subatomic adj.亚原子的 8．visible adj.可见的→invisible adj.看不见的 9．discipline n.纪律→self-discipline n.自我约束；自律 10．instant adj.瞬间的→instantaneously adv.瞬间地 2.语法填空 1. Astronauts train for __________ conditions. (hazard) 2. The early training day seemed completely __________. (exception) 3. The crew practised in a __________ spacecraft. (simulate) 4. The digital model looked surprisingly __________. (life) 5. The telescope collects information about __________ radiation. (cosmos) 6. The mission could __________ last for years. (conceive) 7. Scientists study __________ particles in space. (atom) 8. Some forms of radiation are __________ to the naked eye. (visible) 9. Long missions require extraordinary __________. (discipline) 10. Signals can be processed almost __________. (instant) 【答案与解析】 1. 【答案】hazardous 【详解】修饰 conditions 用 hazardous。 2. 【答案】unexceptional 【详解】系动词 seemed 后用 unexceptional。 3. 【答案】simulated 【详解】修饰 spacecraft 用 simulated。 4. 【答案】lifelike 【详解】looked 后用 lifelike。 5. 【答案】cosmic 【详解】修饰 radiation 用 cosmic。 6. 【答案】conceivably 【详解】修饰 last 用副词 conceivably。 7. 【答案】subatomic 【详解】修饰 particles 用 subatomic。 8. 【答案】invisible 【详解】系动词 are 后用 invisible。 9. 【答案】self-discipline 【详解】形容词 extraordinary 后接 self-discipline。 10. 【答案】instantaneously 【详解】修饰 processed 用副词 instantaneously。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 习惯于（做）某事 phr.. __________ 2. 概念；观点；看法 n.. __________ 3. 航天飞机 n.. __________ 4. （有特定目的的）短途出行 n.. __________ 5. 重新激起；重新唤起 v.. __________ 6. 阴影；坏影响 n.. __________ 7. 尖声大叫 v.. __________ 8. 暂停；中止 v.. __________ 9. （飞机上的）全体机组人员 n.. __________ 10. 提交 v.. __________ 11. 望远镜 n.. __________ 12. 星系 n.. __________ 13. 粒子 n.. __________ 14. 去拿来 v.. __________ 15. 激光唱片；光盘 n.. __________ 【答案】1.become accustomed to 2.notion 3.shuttle 4.excursion 5.rekindle 6.shadow 7.scream 8.suspend 9.crew 10.submit 11.telescope 12.galaxy 13.particle 14.fetch 15.disc 2.同义替换（将划线表达用本单元更高级的词汇或语块替换） 1. Astronauts slowly got used to weightlessness. (got used to)（可替换为__________） 2. The accident negatively influenced future missions. (negatively influenced)（可替换为__________） 3. The team stopped the launch for a short time. (stopped)（可替换为__________） 4. The model looked almost real. (almost real)（可替换为__________） 5. The plan was easy to understand. (easy to understand)（可替换为__________） 1. 【答案】became accustomed to 【详解】become accustomed to 表示“习惯于”。 2. 【答案】cast a shadow on 【详解】cast a shadow on 可表示“给……蒙上阴影”。 3. 【答案】suspended 【详解】suspend 表示“暂停；中止”。 4. 【答案】lifelike 【详解】lifelike 表示“生动的；逼真的”。 5. 【答案】straightforward 【详解】straightforward 表示“简单的；直接的”。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. hazardous adj. __________________ 2. simulator n. __________________ 3. lifelike adj. __________________ 4. galaxy n. __________________ 5. cosmic adj. __________________ 6. subatomic adj. __________________ 7. self-discipline n. __________________ 8. disc n. __________________ 【答案】1.危险的；不安全的 2.模拟装置；模拟器 3.生动的；逼真的 4.星系 5.宇宙的 6.亚原子的 7.自我约束；自律 8.激光唱片；光盘 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Space exploration demands both advanced technology and ordinary human discipline. Astronauts must learn to work in confined spaces, follow procedures and remain calm when plans change. Training therefore uses ①simulated emergencies and powerful ②simulators. Crew members become accustomed to hazardous situations before they face them in reality. Beyond the spacecraft, telescopes reveal distant ③galaxies and invisible ④cosmic signals. Such discoveries can ⑤rekindle curiosity and remind us how much remains unknown. 词汇 文中意思 ① simulated ________________ ② simulators ________________ ③ galaxies ________________ ④ cosmic ________________ ⑤ rekindle ________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① simulated 模拟的 ② simulators 模拟器 ③ galaxies 星系 ④ cosmic 宇宙的 ⑤ rekindle 重新激起 划线句翻译： 机组人员在真正面对危险情况之前，会先逐渐习惯这些危险情境。 【详解】本句先抓主干，再处理从句、非谓语或修饰成分；翻译时注意逻辑层次与中文语序自然。 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. become accustomed to 习惯于（做）某事 2. cast a shadow on 给……蒙上阴影 3. the naked eye 肉眼 4. submit a report 提交报告 5. suspend a launch 暂停发射 6. rekindle interest 重新激起兴趣 7. train in a simulator 在模拟器中训练 8. carry out an excursion 进行短途出行 9. observe a galaxy 观测星系 10. with self-discipline 凭借自律 11. fetch equipment 取来设备 12. follow a straightforward procedure 遵循简单程序 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. New crew members soon __________ living in a small cabin. 2. The tragedy once __________ the programme. 3. Some cosmic objects cannot be seen with __________. 4. Every crew member must __________ after the exercise. 5. Bad weather may force the team to __________. 【短语填空答案】 1. 【答案】became accustomed to 【详解】句意对应“became accustomed to”，故填 became accustomed to。 2. 【答案】cast a shadow on 【详解】句意对应“给……蒙上阴影”，故填 cast a shadow on。 3. 【答案】the naked eye 【详解】句意对应“肉眼”，故填 the naked eye。 4. 【答案】submit a report 【详解】句意对应“提交报告”，故填 submit a report。 5. 【答案】suspend a launch 【详解】句意对应“暂停发射”，故填 suspend a launch。 3.微完型 围绕“太空探索、科学精神与自律”这一主题，选择最恰当的短语完成下面语篇。 At first, the crew found the cabin uncomfortable, but they soon __________ living and working in the small space. An earlier accident had __________ the programme, yet new missions continued. Astronomers explained that many objects cannot be seen with __________, so every team had to __________ after each observation. If conditions became hazardous, controllers could always __________ for safety. 1. A. became accustomed to B. fell into ruin C. went into debt D. shunned 2. A. boosted confidence B. gained recognition C. cast a shadow on D. reaped 3. A. the cutting edge B. a gentle breeze C. a far cry D. the naked eye 4. A. make a getaway B. submit a report C. reap wheat D. restore antiques 5. A. hold an expo B. work a shift C. take action D. suspend a launch 【答案】1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.D 1. 【详解】became accustomed to 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 A。 2. 【详解】cast a shadow on 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 C。 3. 【详解】the naked eye 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 4. 【详解】submit a report 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 B。 5. 【详解】suspend a launch 与该语境在语义和搭配上最匹配。故选 D。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 宇航员必须逐渐习惯失重状态。（提示词：become accustomed to） 基础版：Astronauts must get used to weightlessness. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 事故给后续任务蒙上了阴影。（提示词：cast a shadow on） 基础版：The accident badly affected later missions. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 许多宇宙现象肉眼无法看到。（提示词：the naked eye） 基础版：We cannot see many things in space with our eyes. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 长期太空任务需要极强的自律。（提示词：self-discipline） 基础版：Long space missions need people to control themselves. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1. 【答案】Astronauts must gradually become accustomed to weightlessness. 【详解】become accustomed to 更正式。 2. 【答案】The accident cast a shadow on the missions that followed. 【详解】cast a shadow on 可表达负面影响。 3. 【答案】Many cosmic phenomena are invisible to the naked eye. 【详解】cosmic/invisible/the naked eye 均为教材词块。 4. 【答案】Long-duration space missions require exceptional self-discipline. 【详解】self-discipline 是核心名词。 一、阅读理解 （2026·全国二卷·高考真题）The Barcelona subway pulls into the station, the doors slide open and passengers pour out to go about their daily business. Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car. Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe’s difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market. Sixteen stations of Barcelona’s subway system are part of its new MetroCharge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains’ brakes (刹车) is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while the remainder is sent snaking through cables (电缆) to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. Bernardo Espinoza, an engineer who takes the subway every day, owns an electric car. “I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. “And if it is from energy from the trains’ brakes, then even better.” Regenerative brakes have been in trains for decades and are also used in some cars. They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. That energy can be immediately used to accelerate (加速) the vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for electric car chargers. Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses — in his case powering electric cars parked nearby. That, he said, boosts efficiency. 1. Why does Barcelona launch the MetroCharge project? A. To fuel the city’s economy. B. To enhance passengers’ experience. C. To promote green transportation. D. To raise the quality of electric cars. 2. What is Espinoza’s concern? A. How to cut his travel expenses. B. Where to get a parking space. C. How to avoid rush-hour traffic. D. Where to find a charging point. 3. What aspect of regenerative brakes is discussed in paragraph 5? A. Their operating conditions. B. Their conventional standard. C. Their potential risks. D. Their working mechanism. 4. What did Luna say about the system? A. It uses reclaimed energy creatively. B. It improves workers’ efficiency. C. It prioritizes the safety of trains. D. It generates jobs for the locals. 【解析】 【小题1】细节理解题。第二段指出，Barcelona “has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener”，说明 MetroCharge 项目的直接目的在于推动公共交通和城市出行更加绿色。故选 C。 【小题2】细节理解题。Espinoza 说自己 “am always looking for where to plug it in”，这里的 it 指他的 electric car，可知他一直关心到哪里给电动汽车充电，即哪里能找到充电点。故选 D。 【小题3】段落主旨题。第五段具体解释 regenerative brakes 由电动机收集制动过程中原本会以热量形式损失的能量，并说明这些能量如何再次被利用，重点介绍的是其工作原理。故选 D。 【小题4】细节理解题。Luna 认为该系统的创新之处在于把 recycled energy 重新导向具体的本地用途，例如为附近电动汽车供电，从而提升效率。A 项“创造性地利用回收能量”概括准确。故选 A。 二、阅读理解 （2026·全国二卷·高考真题）The peak of Mount Qomolangma, 8,849 meters above sea level. Chimborazo, 6,263 m; Mont Blanc, 4,806 m; Pradidali hut, at the foot of the Pala group in the Dolomites, 2,278 m. It is common practice to provide the elevation (高度) of a place. Simple readings are now readily available on our phones and wearables. But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. The idea of sea level as a reference point for elevations has by now been around for so long as to go essentially unnoticed—we mention it without even considering what it means. That the concept has a history is easily ignored. We tend to forget that sea level is a product of technically and culturally determined assumptions. In this book, I tell a story of these assumptions. Appropriately, the book took shape during a summer spent between sea and mountains. A month after visiting the French Riviera and enjoying the sandy beaches of Nice and Menton, I went hiking with friends in the Pala group. Resting on a pass near the Pradidali hut, we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters (测高仪). Why did they vary ever so slightly from one instrument to the next? This sense of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level. In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level. These stages mirror the development of human conceptions of the sea. Since I began thinking about this project in August 2011, the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent: between then and the end of 2022 the global sea rose by almost 5 centimeters, about half of the overall rise recorded by satellites since 1993. 1. What does the author point out at the beginning of the text? A. Some mountains are getting higher. B. Data on wearables are misleading. C. The concept of elevation is relative. D. The reference point is hard to locate. 2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. How the altimeter was invented. B. What initiated the author’s research. C. Why the digital readings varied. D. Where the author spent his holiday. 3. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the last paragraph? A. The book. B. The project. C. The issue. D. The development. 4. What can be the title of the book mentioned in the text? A. The Altimeter: A Must-Have B. Sea Level: A History C. Meaning of Zero: Nothing or Everything D. Mountains to Seas: Ups and Downs 【解析】 【小题1】细节理解题。首段列举不同地点的海拔后明确指出 “elevation is necessarily relative”，并解释只有选定 reference point 才能用数字表示高度，因此作者开篇强调的是海拔概念具有相对性。故选 C。 【小题2】段落主旨题。第三段叙述作者在山中比较不同测高仪读数，由细微差异产生对“zero”含义的思考，最后说 “This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level.”，重点说明是什么触发了作者的研究。故选 B。 【小题3】代词指代题。末段中 “the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically” 的 it 紧接在 the issue of sea-level rise 之后，指需要把“海平面上升这一问题”放到历史背景中理解。故选 C。 【小题4】标题判断题。全文围绕 sea level 作为高度基准的历史形成、作者研究缘起以及书中对 mean sea level 历史阶段的考察展开，因此最贴切的书名是 Sea Level: A History。故选 B。 三、七选五 （2025·全国一卷·高考真题）An Unsung Hero Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. __1__ Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. __2__ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. __3__ “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve. One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. __4__ “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. “I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. __5__ She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B. She has two children aged eight and four. C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. 【解析】 【小题1】上下文衔接题。空前说 The College Cafe “has just that, and more”，后文重点描写 Murphy 的微笑和热情服务。E 项不仅承接“咖啡饮品”，还引出“smiles”，概括下文主题。故选 E。 【小题2】顺序衔接题。前文写 Murphy 在机器之间来回制作饮品，后文是顾客从她手中接过饮品，因此空处应是完成订单后把顾客叫来取饮品。D 项符合服务流程。故选 D。 【小题3】指代衔接题。空后 Murphy 说 “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students.”，do so 必须指向前面她主动做的一件事。C 项“有时她早到为学生服务”与该解释直接对应。故选 C。 【小题4】人物观点题。前句介绍 Joanna Wright 几乎每天去咖啡馆，后句是她评价 Catherine 的笑容让自己心情愉快。F 项说明去咖啡馆让她一天有良好开端，与后面的 cheerful mood 紧密衔接。故选 F。 【小题5】逻辑衔接题。空前 Murphy 表示喜欢这份工作，空后说她打算继续留下来做自己热爱的事。G 项说明她已在这里工作17年且无法想象去别处工作，前后形成完整逻辑。故选 G。 四、六选四 （2020·上海·高考真题）Coming soon to a cinema near you? Ticket prices shaped by demand Chances are that if you see just one film this year, you probably saw it already. The period between Christmas and Australia Day is typically the busiest and most competitive in our film calendar. But even when you arrive at a ticket counter at a quieter time of year you will usually pay the same price to see a film irrespective of its popularity, quality or budget size. __1__ A new smart application means this will soon be a reality for some Australian consumers. Melbourne-based start up Choovie will launch a service offering demand-based ticket pricing to filmgoers at the end of March, with over 100 screens across metropolitan and regional venues in Victoria, NSW and ACT. __2__ Choovie’s app will allow consumers to decide, within parameters set by the cinemas, what price they pay to see a film. For example, if you don’t want to pay more than $10 to see a particular title and are prepared to compromise on where and when you see it, the app will locate a suitable session for you. The emergence of apps such as Choovie is likely to shake up the film industry by fundamentally changing our experience of going to the movies. Dynamic (or demand) ticket pricing aims to change this. So how does dynamic pricing work? __3__ This depends on a number of demand variables, such as movie life cycle, time of day, day of the week, film title, venue, size of screen, actual bookings and so on. The number of seats in each price category for every film is based on demand conditions at the time of purchase. It works by using “pricing bots”, which adjust prices in real time according to rules set by the exhibitor and on the basis of information gathered about consumer preferences. Uber’s “surge pricing” is one example of dynamic pricing. Airline tickets are another. The idea is that instead of offering customers a limited number of ticket categories, the cinema sells each seat$