专题05 阅读理解（七选五）（期中真题汇编，湖南专用）高二英语上学期

**基本信息** 聚焦高二英语七选五阅读，汇编湖南多校期中真题，主题涵盖心理健康、学习策略与生活技能，贴近学生实际需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |七选五阅读理解|多篇（每篇5题）|心理健康（如冒名顶替综合征应对）、学习策略（如自由诗写作步骤）、生活技能（如有效沟通方法）|情境真实，注重语篇逻辑与衔接，适配期中复习，体现对思维品质与学习能力的考查|

函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题05阅读理解（七选五） 基础必练 Passage 1 【答案】1.F 2.A3.G 4.E5.D Passage 2 【答案】1.D 2.A3.B4.C 5.F Passage 3 【答案】1.E 2.G3.F 4.B5.D Passage 4 【答案】1.C2.G 3.A 4.F 5.E 进阶提升 Passage 1 【答案】1.F 2.B3.G4.C 5.A Passage 2 【答案】1.C 2.B3.F4.G 5.D Passage 3 【答案】1.B 2.E3.D4.G 5.F Passage 4 【答案】1.G 2.E3.C4.A 5.F Passage 5 【答案】1.c 2.E3.B 4.A 5.D Passage 6 【答案】1.E2.G3.F4.C 5.A Passage 7 112 可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 【答案】1.G 2.D3.C 4.B 5.F 拓展培优 Passage 1 【答案】1.G 2.E 3.F 4.D 5.B Passage 2 【答案】1.E 2.A 3.F 4.G5.D Passage 3 【答案】1.B 2.A3.D4.C5.G 212 专题05 阅读理解（七选五） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·湖南湘潭县第一中学·期中）How to Fight Imposter Syndrome (冒名顶替综合征) for Teens A big 100 is circled in red on your test, but you can’t help but think, “I don’t deserve this. I’m not smart.” If you can relate, you may have imposter syndrome like millions of teens around the world. Imposter syndrome, or IS, is feelings of self-doubt and unworthiness that cause a fear of failure. 1 Here is a guide to do so: Ⅰ. Educate yourself further on what IS is and its signs. Be aware when you are judgmental of yourself. Ⅱ. 2 Find what works for you, such as going for a morning walk, spending time with friends, or getting more sleep. Ⅲ. Reflect on your accomplishments. 3 Ⅳ. Talk to people you feel comfortable with, like a friend, teacher, or sibling. 4 . If you are experiencing more severe signs, consider seeking professional help or getting tested for linked mental disorders, if possible. Ⅴ. Explore yourself by trying new things, like picking up a new sport or learning a new language. Do it purely for fun. Remember, failure is part of the growth process. Imposter syndrome causes those with it to weaken their accomplishments and deter (阻止) themselves from growth. By knowing the signs and following the guide above, teens can reach their full potential and fight the normalization of IS. 5 — where a 100 is no longer a reason for self-doubt, but a chance to celebrate our capabilities. A. Make self-care an essential part of your daily routine B. Keep a regular schedule to manage your study and free time C. This achievement builds a foundation for genuine self-worth D. Once achieved, this fosters a healthy environment for growth E. You can also find IS support groups or online forums for teens F. Learning how to face IS can allow you to find peace and enjoyment G. Allow yourself to feel pride about all the amazing things you have done 【答案】1. F 2. A 3. G 4. E 5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青少年冒名顶替综合征的定义，还给出了五条应对该症状的具体方法，助力青少年发挥潜力、摆脱自我怀疑。 (1)题解析： 由上文“Imposter syndrome, or IS, is feelings of self-doubt and unworthiness that cause a fear of failure. (冒名顶替综合征，简称IS，是一种自我怀疑和自我无价值感，会导致对失败的恐惧)”及下文“Here is a guide to do so: (以下是这样做的一个指南：)”可知，上文介绍了冒名顶替综合征的定义，下文是应对它的指南，F选项“Learning how to face IS can allow you to find peace and enjoyment (学会如何面对冒名顶替综合征可以让你找到平静和享受)”说明学会面对冒名顶替综合征的好处，承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 (2)题解析： 由下文“Find what works for you, such as going for a morning walk, spending time with friends, or getting more sleep. (找到适合你的方式，比如早上散步、和朋友在一起或者多睡一会儿)”可知，本段主要讲要找到适合自己的自我照顾方式，A选项“Make self-care an essential part of your daily routine (让自我照顾成为你日常生活的重要组成部分)”中self-care是关键词，将自我照顾作为日常生活的一部分，引出下文内容，符合语境。故选A。 (3)题解析： 由上文“Reflect on your accomplishments. (反思你的成就)”可知，本段建议反思自己的成就，G选项“Allow yourself to feel pride about all the amazing things you have done (允许自己为所有你做过的令人惊叹的事情感到自豪)”直接给出了“反思成就”应采取的行动，是对反思成就的具体阐述，符合语境。故选G。 (4)题解析： 由上文“Talk to people you feel comfortable with, like a friend, teacher, or sibling. (和你觉得舒服的人交谈，比如朋友、老师或兄弟姐妹)”可知，本段建议和他人交流，空处应进一步说明交流的方式或对象。E选项“You can also find IS support groups or online forums for teens (你也可以找到冒名顶替综合征支持小组或青少年在线论坛)”是对交流方式的补充，承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 (5)题解析： 由上文“By knowing the signs and following the guide above, teens can reach their full potential and fight the normalization of IS. (通过了解这些迹象并遵循上述指南，青少年可以充分发挥自己的潜力，对抗冒名顶替综合征的常态化)”及下文“where a 100 is no longer a reason for self-doubt, but a chance to celebrate our capabilities. (在那里，100分不再是自我怀疑的理由，而是庆祝我们能力的机会)”可知，上文说明按照指南做可以对抗冒名顶替综合征的常态化，下文说明这种状态下100分的意义，D选项“Once achieved, this fosters a healthy environment for growth (一旦实现，这将为成长营造一个健康的环境)”承上启下，说明这种状态下对成长的影响，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·湖南长沙部分学校·期中）Self-esteem means you mostly feel good about yourself. It gives you the courage to try new things or make new friends. With self-esteem, you believe in yourself. You know that good things can happen when you try. Self-esteem helps you when things don’t go your way. It helps you accept mistakes. 1 Make a list of the stuff you’re good at. Can you draw or sing? Are you a good reader? Are you good at a sport? 2 If you’re having trouble with your list, ask a parent or a friend to help you with it. 3 Think of ways you can do some of the things you’re good at every day. You can draw pictures, sing songs, play basketball, etc., which make you have a sense of achievement. Turn “I can’t” into “I can”. Does the little voice in your head tell you “I’m not good at this”, “I can’t do it” or “It’s too hard for me”? That’s because you are thinking badly of yourself. 4 Tell yourself “I can give it a try”, “I can handle this”, “I’ll give it my best”, or “I’ll ask someone to help me do this”. Do something meaningful. Do nice things for parents. Help with meals, clean up, or feed the pet. 5 You get to see that what you do means a lot. Spend time with people who love you. Do things you enjoy with your parent or family. It helps you know yourself better. And that builds self-esteem. A. Do you tell a good joke? B. Practice the things you do well. C. Why not decide to change your mind? D. Here are some steps beneficial for you. E. When it happens, you will lack self-esteem. F. Doing worthwhile things, you feel good about yourself. G. There are other ways of helping develop your self-esteem. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. F 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。本文先阐释自尊的意义与作用，再从罗列优势、练习专长、转变心态、做有意义事、陪伴亲友五方面给出提升自尊的实用方法。 (1)题解析： 根据上文“Self-esteem means you mostly feel good about yourself. It gives you the courage to try new things or make new friends. With self-esteem, you believe in yourself. You know that good things can happen when you try. Self-esteem helps you when things don’t go your way. It helps you accept mistakes.(自尊意味着你通常对自己有良好的感觉。它能给你尝试新事物或结交新朋友的勇气。有了自尊，你会相信自己。你知道当你尝试时，好事是有可能发生的。自尊在事情不如你所愿时也能帮助你。它还能帮助你接受错误)”可知，前文先定义了自尊的含义和作用，后文开始分点介绍提升自尊的方法，D选项“这里有一些对你有益的方法”起到了承上启下的过渡作用，能自然引出下文的具体建议。故选D。 (2)题解析： 根据上文“Make a list of the stuff you’re good at. Can you draw or sing? Are you a good reader? Are you good at a sport?(列出你擅长的事项。你能画画或者唱歌吗？你是个优秀的读者吗？你擅长某项运动吗？)”以及后文“If you’re having trouble with your list, ask a parent or a friend to help you with it.(如果你在整理清单时遇到困难，可以请家长或朋友来帮你完成)”可知，该段的核心是列出自己擅长的事，空前用多个问句列举了绘画、唱歌、阅读、运动等技能，A选项“你会讲有趣的笑话吗？”是延续这种列举擅长之事的问句形式，符合段落逻辑。故选A。 (3)题解析： 根据后文“Think of ways you can do some of the things you’re good at every day. You can draw pictures, sing songs, play basketball, etc., which make you have a sense of achievement.(想一想自己每天能做些什么来发挥自己的长处。你可以画画、唱歌、打篮球等等，这些都能让你有成就感)”可知，空后提到要想办法每天做一些自己擅长的事，从而获得成就感，B选项“练习你擅长的事”是对该段内容的主旨概括，能统领全段的具体做法。故选B。 (4)题解析： 根据上文“Turn “I can’t” into “I can”. Does the little voice in your head tell you “I’m not good at this”, “I can’t do it” or “It’s too hard for me”? That’s because you are thinking badly of yourself.(将“我不能”改为“我能”。你内心的那个小小声音是不是在告诉你“我不擅长这个”、“我做不到”或者“这对我来说太难了”？这是因为你对自己有不好的看法)”以及后文“Tell yourself “I can give it a try”, “I can handle this”, “I’ll give it my best”, or “I’ll ask someone to help me do this”.(告诉自己：“我可以试一试”、“我能应付得了”、“我会全力以赴”或者“我会请人来帮我做这件事”)”可知，空前指出脑海里会出现自我否定的声音，空后则给出了积极的自我暗示话术，C选项“为什么不决定改变想法呢？”衔接了前后文，从“自我否定”过渡到“转变心态、积极暗示”。故选C。 (5)题解析： 根据上文“Do something meaningful. Do nice things for parents. Help with meals, clean up, or feed the pet.(做一些有意义的事情吧。为父母做一些贴心的事。帮忙做饭、打扫卫生或者给宠物喂食)”以及后文“You get to see that what you do means a lot.(你会明白，你的所作所为确实意义重大)”可知，该段主题是做有意义的事，空前列举了帮父母做家务、喂宠物等具体行为，F选项“做有价值的事，你会自我感觉良好”是对这些行为带来的积极影响的总结，契合段落主旨。故选F。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·湖南衡阳·期中）Research has found that music, serving as more than an art form, can be a powerful tool to promote mental well-being. Here are some associated benefits. Make you happy 1 . For example, you’ve probably felt a sense of relaxation while listening to comforting instruments before bed, the burst energy while singing in the shower, or the almost spiritual experience of hearing your favorite singer live. Researchers have drawn a connection between music and emotional control. 2 . Protect the immune system (免疫系统) Playing and listening to music helps reduce the production of cortisol (皮质醇) in the human body. Cortisol is known to weaken the immune system and cause a decrease in bone density in human beings. 3 . Additionally, for recovering patients, it is recommended by researchers that they listen to uplifting music as it helps increase the antibodies present in their immune system to fight diseases. 4 Music serves as a medium for social interactions. Group activities such as singing in a choir or playing in drumming circles can provide a sense of belonging. Having an outlet for social connection is crucial for mental health, as feelings of loneliness can worsen mental health issues. Performing as a group can also increase each player’s sense of cooperation and community. Maintain our cognitive (认知的) functions The complex process of playing music challenges a wide variety of brain activities that can improve a musician’s motor skills and the ability to compose. When children start gaining musical training from an early age, it can make a significant impact on furthering their cognitive development, including improvements in abilities connected learning languages, academic performance, and social skills. 5 . A. Help in stress relief B. Strengthen social connection C. Music used for treatment is not limited to just one practice D. Similarly, music can help older populations keep their minds sharp E. Chances are that you have noticed the influence of music on your mood F. By limiting it, music therefore helps the body protect itself from the harm G. They find that our brain will give off a feel-good chemical when we listen to music 【答案】1. E 2. G 3. F 4. B 5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了音乐作为促进心理健康的重要工具，具有多种益处，包括改善情绪、增强免疫力、增进社交联系和维持认知功能。音乐能缓解压力、加强社交互动，并对不同年龄段人群有积极影响。 (1)题解析： 下文“For example, you’ve probably felt a sense of relaxation while listening to comforting instruments before bed, the burst energy while singing in the shower, or the almost spiritual experience of hearing your favorite singer live.(例如，你可能在睡前听舒缓的乐器时感到放松，在淋浴时唱歌时充满活力，或者听到你最喜欢的歌手现场演唱时有一种近乎精神上的体验。)”列举了音乐在不同场景下对情绪产生影响的例子。E选项“Chances are that you have noticed the influence of music on your mood(很有可能你已经注意到音乐对你情绪的影响)”引出下文关于音乐对情绪影响的描述，符合语境。所以选E。 (2)题解析： 上文“Researchers have drawn a connection between music and emotional control.(研究人员已经发现了音乐和情绪控制之间的联系。)”表明音乐和情绪控制有关联。G选项“They find that our brain will give off a feel - good chemical when we listen to music(他们发现当我们听音乐时，我们的大脑会释放一种让人感觉良好的化学物质)”进一步解释了音乐和情绪控制之间联系的原理，即听音乐时大脑会释放化学物质让人感觉良好，符合题意。所以选G。 (3)题解析： 上文“Playing and listening to music helps reduce the production of cortisol (皮质醇) in the human body. Cortisol is known to weaken the immune system and cause a decrease in bone density in human beings.(演奏和听音乐有助于减少人体内皮质醇的产生。众所周知，皮质醇会削弱免疫系统并导致人体骨密度下降。)”说明了皮质醇对免疫系统的危害以及音乐能减少皮质醇的产生。F选项“By limiting it, music therefore helps the body protect itself from the harm(通过限制它(皮质醇)，音乐因此帮助身体免受伤害)”总结了音乐通过减少皮质醇来保护身体免受伤害，符合语境。所以选F。 (4)题解析： 下文“Music serves as a medium for social interactions. Group activities such as singing in a choir or playing in drumming circles can provide a sense of belonging. Having an outlet for social connection is crucial for mental health, as feelings of loneliness can worsen mental health issues. Performing as a group can also increase each player’s sense of cooperation and community.(音乐是社交互动的媒介。集体活动，如在唱诗班唱歌或在鼓圈演奏，可以提供一种归属感。拥有社交联系的途径对心理健康至关重要，因为孤独感会加重心理健康问题。集体表演还可以增强每个参与者的合作意识和社区意识。)”主要讲述了音乐在社交方面的作用。B选项“Strengthen social connection(加强社交联系)”概括了本段的主旨，符合题意。所以选B。 (5)题解析： 上文“When children start gaining musical training from an early age, it can make a significant impact on furthering their cognitive development, including improvements in abilities connected learning languages, academic performance, and social skills.(当孩子们从小开始接受音乐训练时，这对促进他们的认知发展会产生重大影响，包括提高与学习语言、学业成绩和社交技能相关的能力。)”说明了音乐训练对儿童认知发展的好处。D选项“Similarly, music can help older populations keep their minds sharp(同样，音乐可以帮助老年人保持思维敏捷)”与上文形成类比，说明音乐对老年人认知功能也有好处，符合语境。所以选D。 Passage 4 （25-26高二上·湖南湘一名校·期中）Self-doubt is a common mental experience that can prevent us from realizing our full potential. It often arises during periods of change or when we face new challenges. 1 The practical strategies listed below can help you manage it effectively and recover your confidence. To begin with, be kind to yourself. Many of us tend to be our own strictest critics, especially when things don’t go as planned. It’s not a wise choice. 2 Adding encouraging self-talk to your morning routine can noticeably improve your overall mood and increase your confidence throughout the day. 3 Constantly measuring your achievements against others’ often creates unnecessary pressure and messes with your self-image. It’s important to remember that each person’s life journey is unique, with different starting points and paces. Your primary focus should remain on your own progress and personal goals. Regularly reflecting on your past success provides another powerful tool against self-doubt. 4 This simple practice serves as solid evidence (证据) of your capabilities. Maintaining an achievement journal where you record these successful moments creates a personal source of encouragement when doubt slides in. To protect your mental well-being and personal growth, make an effort to surround yourself with supportive people. Negative individuals can increase self-doubt and influence your mental health. In contrast, supportive friends will encourage you to improve and lead you through challenges. 5 They can also help you recover from stress, truly showing the wisdom that “you are known by the company you keep.” In conclusion, while self-doubt is a universal experience, it doesn’t have to decide who you are. Through regular practice of these strategies and maintaining a growth mindset, you can overcome self-doubt and move forward with greater confidence and self-assurance. A. Avoid comparing yourself with others. B. It brings both great chances and suffering. C. However, this doesn’t mean we’re powerless against it. D. Therefore, it is important to face your weaknesses bravely E. They can help you see your strengths when you feel uncertain. F. For example, think back to a time when you succeeded in a difficult task. G. Instead, try to accept your mistakes as valuable opportunities to learn and grow. 【答案】1. C 2. G 3. A 4. F 5. E 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自我怀疑的常见性及产生场景，提供了一些应对策略，帮助人们克服自我怀疑、重拾信心。 (1)题解析： 由上文“Self-doubt is a common mental experience that can prevent us from realizing our full potential... when we face new challenges.(自我怀疑是一种常见的心理体验，会阻碍我们发挥全部潜力，常在改变时期或面对新挑战时产生)”及后文“The practical strategies listed below can help you manage it effectively and recover your confidence.(以下实用策略能帮助你有效应对并重拾信心)”可知，本空需承上启下，体现“自我怀疑可应对”的转折关系。C选项“However, this doesn’t mean we’re powerless against it.(然而，这并不意味着我们对它无能为力)”中“However”表转折，“it”指代前文“self-doubt”，衔接上下文逻辑，符合题意。故选C。 (2)题解析： 由上文“Many of us tend to be our own strictest critics, especially when things don’t go as planned. It’s not a wise choice.(我们很多人往往对自己最苛刻，尤其是事情不如计划时，这不是明智之举)”及后文“Adding encouraging self-talk to your morning routine can noticeably improve your overall mood and increase your confidence throughout the day.(在你的晨间日常中加入鼓励的自我对话可以显著改善你的整体情绪，增加你一整天的信心)”可知，本空需提出“善待自己”的具体做法，替代“苛刻对待自己”。G选项“Instead, try to accept your mistakes as valuable opportunities to learn and grow.(相反，试着接受你的错误，将其视为宝贵的学习和成长机会)”中“Instead”承接前文“不是明智之举”，给出替代方案，符合逻辑。故选G。 (3)题解析： 由后文“Constantly measuring your achievements against others’ often creates unnecessary pressure and messes with your self-image.(不断将自己的成就与他人比较，往往会产生不必要的压力，影响自我形象)”可知，本空需概括该段核心观点“避免与人比较”。A选项“Avoid comparing yourself with others.(避免拿自己和别人比较)”直接点明主题，总领全段，符合题意。故选A。 (4)题解析： 由上文“Regularly reflecting on your past success provides another powerful tool against self-doubt.(经常反思你过去的成功是另一个对抗自我怀疑的有力工具)”和后文“This simple practice serves as solid evidence of your capabilities. (这个简单的实践可以作为你的能力的可靠证据)”可知，本空需说明“这个简单的实践”的具体方式。F选项“For example, think back to a time when you succeeded in a difficult task.(例如，回想一次你成功完成困难任务的经历)”中“For example”衔接给出具体实例，“succeeded in a difficult task”对应“past success”，符合逻辑。故选F。 (5)题解析： 由上文“In contrast, supportive friends will encourage you to improve and lead you through challenges.(相反，支持你的朋友会鼓励你进步，带领你度过挑战)”及后文“They can also help you recover from stress.(他们还能帮助你从压力中恢复)”可知，本空需进一步说明支持性朋友的作用，且“also”提示前后为并列补充关系。E选项“They can help you see your strengths when you feel uncertain.(当你感到不确定时，他们能帮助你看到自己的优点)”中“They”指代前文“supportive friends”，与后文“also”衔接，补充朋友的另一项积极作用，符合题意。故选E。 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·湖南常德汉寿县第一中学-11月·期中）How to Write a Free Verse Poem Let’s say you are working on homework or an assignment about writing a free verse poem and you’re all set to start. 1 Fortunately, the following steps can solve your problem. Choose a subject. Maybe you can write a poem about a person or your favorite pet. 2 If you have trouble choosing a subject, try closing your eyes and visualizing what is meaningful to you. Then select one that you have an emotional connection to. Think about how to approach the subject. 3 Are you focusing on the specific scene or are you going to write more generally about a certain theme? Are you considering how you can choose certain words to describe the subject? It can be helpful to decide ahead of time what you want to say about the topic. 4 Not being too worried about rhyming, you can feel free to explore your topic. Write down as many details as you can think of. For example, if you are describing your last birthday party, you may start by describing who was at the party, the gifts you received, and how you felt during the party. Create a draft and improve it. Use the list of keywords to help you draft a poem. 5 These will help you to create a stronger free verse poem. Then, read your draft loudly and take note of any lines or sections that have a certain rhythm, as well as any lines where a word or phrase sounds off or flat. A. Focus on using devices like metaphor, simile, etc. B. You can also focus on a theme like love or sorrow. C. Write down the key words that relate to your subject. D. Look at the place where you could improve on a description. E. Are you planning to write a perfect draft or write your poem directly? F. However, there’s one problem: you don’t know how to write a free verse poem! G. Are you going to write from a certain point of view, like the first person or the third person? 【答案】1. F 2. B 3. G 4. C 5. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了怎样写自由诗。 (1)题解析： 上文“Let’s say you are working on homework or an assignment about writing a free verse poem and you’re all set to start. (假设你正在写一首自由诗的家庭作业或作业，你就可以开始了。)”提出写一首自由诗的作业，选项F“然而，有一个问题：你不知道如何写一首自由诗！”承接上文，转折语义，说明你却不会写，引出下文“Fortunately, the following steps can solve your problem.(幸运的是，以下步骤可以解决你的问题。)”点明文章主题：介绍怎样写自由诗。故选F项。 (2)题解析： 上文“Choose a subject. Maybe you can write a poem about a person or your favorite pet. (选择一个主题。也许你可以写一首关于一个人或你最喜欢的宠物的诗。)”建议选择一个主题并开始举例说明，选项B“你也可以专注于一个主题，比如爱或悲伤。”承接上文，举出另外的可供选择的诗歌主题。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 上文“Think about how to approach the subject. (想想如何着手处理这个主题。)”和下文“Are you focusing on the specific scene or are you going to write more generally about a certain theme? Are you considering how you can choose certain words to describe the subject? (你是专注于特定的场景，还是更笼统地写一个特定的主题？你是否在考虑如何选择特定的词语来描述主题？)”说明本段主题是考虑如何着手处理所选主题，并连续用问句的方式给出思考的方式。选项G“你是要从某种角度来写作，比如第一人称还是第三人称？”承接上文，和下文并列，建议思考从某个角度入手。故选G项。 (4)题解析： 下文“Not being too worried about rhyming, you can feel free to explore your topic. Write down as many details as you can think of. (不要太担心押韵，你可以自由地探索你的主题。尽可能多地写下你能想到的细节。)”建议写下所能想到的和主题相关的细节，选项C“写下与主题相关的关键词。”是本段主题句，建议写下相关关键词。故选C项。 (5)题解析： 下文“These will help you to create a stronger free verse poem. (这些将帮助你创作一首更强的自由诗。)”说明这些是一些有助诗歌创作的手法，选项A“注意使用隐喻、明喻等手法。”引领下文，隐喻、明喻等是诗歌创作的手法。故选A项。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·湖南衡阳一中·期中）Effective communication is the key factor in preventing and solving misunderstandings. Misunderstandings should be addressed early on to prevent them from getting worse. Whether it’s at work, in a relationship, with family members, or with strangers, you can always use the following set of tools to manage them. 1 Make sure you fully understand the other person’s perspective (观点) before responding. Listening carefully to them will help you identify any areas of confusion or misinterpretation. Try not to interrupt (打断) them before they have finished speaking. Afterwards, ask questions or restate the information to confirm that you’ve understood it correctly. Trust and communicate openly. Be honest in your communication. If you realize you have made a mistake or contributed to a misunderstanding, admit it and take responsibility for your actions. 2 . Chances are the other person is feeling the same as you. Give them trust and the opportunity to hear you. Be respectful and open-minded. Being willing to consider other perspectives and being open to new information will help you find common ground and reach a solution. When entering any conversation, always acknowledge that we all have different opinions. 3 Take a break and come back to the conversation later. 4 This will help you to recognize where to draw your boundaries and that sometimes it is preferable to be patient and solve a conflict with a calm mind. Agree to disagree. There isn’t always a common ground or a solution when people disagree. We don’t have to agree on everything. Diversity is a gift because each of us can bring value to the table thanks to those different perspectives and opinions. 5 A. Look for suggestions. B. However, try not to take it personally. C. Listen actively and confirm understanding. D. Accepting those differences reduces hurt from the experience. E. You’d better know these common causes and the possible results. F. Even when disagreeing, respect the other person’s feelings and don’t be unkind. G. If emotions run too high, step away and return to the conversation once emotions settle. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. F 4. G 5. D 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文，文章就如何借助有效沟通来预防误解和解决意见分歧给出了几个建议。 (1)题解析： 本段为第一个解决误解的方法，下文“Make sure you fully understand the other person’s perspective before responding. Listening carefully to them will help you identify any areas of confusion or misinterpretation... Afterwards, ask questions or restate the information to confirm that you’ve understood it correctly. (在回应之前，确保你完全理解对方的观点。认真倾听有助于你找出困惑或误解的地方……之后，通过提问或重述信息来确认你理解正确。)”围绕“倾听”和“确认理解”展开具体说明。需要一句点明该段核心方法的总起句。选项C“积极倾听并确认理解。”概括了下文“认真倾听和确认理解”的核心内容，作为段落主题句，完美统领全段内容。故选C。 (2)题解析： 本段主题为“Trust and communicate openly. (信任并坦诚沟通。)”，上文“Be honest in your communication. If you realize you have made a mistake or contributed to a misunderstanding, admit it and take responsibility for your actions. (沟通时要诚实。如果你意识到自己犯了错或导致了误解，要承认错误并为自己的行为负责。)”强调坦诚认错的重要性；下文“Chances are the other person is feeling the same as you. Give them trust and the opportunity to hear you. (对方很可能和你有同样的感受。给予他们信任，也给他们倾听你的机会。)”建议信任对方并给予表达空间。需要一句衔接“自身坦诚”与“信任对方”，且缓解沟通顾虑的句子。选项B“不过，尽量不要把事情个人化。”承接上文“主动认错”可能带来的心理负担，提醒不要过度纠结个人对错，进而自然引出下文“相信对方也有同感并给予表达机会”的建议，让坦诚沟通的逻辑更顺畅。故选B。 (3)题解析： 本段主题为“Be respectful and open-minded. (尊重他人，保持开放心态。)”，上文“Being willing to consider other perspectives and being open to new information will help you find common ground and reach a solution. When entering any conversation, always acknowledge that we all have different opinions. (愿意考虑他人观点、接纳新信息，将帮助你找到共同点并达成解决方案。在开始任何对话时，都要承认我们每个人都有不同的观点。)”强调要认可观点差异并保持开放。需要一句承接“认可差异”，且体现“尊重差异”具体做法的句子。选项F“即使存在分歧，也要尊重对方的感受，不要出言不逊。”直接呼应段落主题“尊重”，针对上文提到的“不同观点”，明确了“分歧时尊重对方感受”的具体行为准则，让“开放包容”的建议更具操作性。故选F。 (4)题解析： 本段主题为“Take a break and come back to the conversation later. (暂停对话，之后再回来沟通。)”，下文“This will help you to recognize where to draw your boundaries and that sometimes it is preferable to be patient and solve a conflict with a calm mind. (这将帮助你明确自己的底线，也让你意识到，有时耐心一点、以冷静的心态解决冲突会更好。)”说明暂停对话的好处。需要一句点明“何时暂停”及“暂停做法”的句子。选项G“如果情绪过于激动，就先离开，等情绪平复后再回来沟通。”直接解释了“暂停对话”的前提条件（情绪激动）和具体做法（离开待平复后返回），“This”恰好指代选项中的做法，与下文暂停的好处形成完美呼应。故选G。 (5)题解析： 本段主题为“Agree to disagree. (接受分歧。)”，上文“There isn’t always a common ground or a solution when people disagree. We don’t have to agree on everything. Diversity is a gift because each of us can bring value to the table thanks to those different perspectives and opinions. (当人们存在分歧时，并不总能找到共同点或解决方案。我们不必在所有事情上都达成一致。多样性是一份礼物，因为正是这些不同的观点和看法，让我们每个人都能贡献自己的价值。)”强调分歧的常态性和多样性的价值。需要一句承接“认可多样性”，且说明接受差异带来的积极影响的句子。选项D“接受这些差异可以减少这段经历带来的伤害。”呼应上文“多样性是礼物”的观点，点明了“接受分歧”的具体益处，作为段落结尾，让“接受分歧”的建议更具说服力。故选D。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·湖南省长沙市天心区长沙市明德中学·期中）Have you ever wondered why it feels so satisfying to sing in the shower? You are alone. You are warm. The air is moist, making your throat feel wet. 1 You’re at once relaxed and pleasantly energized by the water. Little can take you away from the simple tasks at hand. You control the speed and pitch. And the bathroom provides wonderful resonance (共鸣). Now imagine singing while driving. You are sitting, stuck by a tight seat belt that limits airflow. Without any warm-up, you probably start right in with the first song you hear. The air is drier. And to stay awake, you may be drinking coffee, which can make you thirsty. 2 While singing along to the radio, your voice may get lost in the noise of the song and the car. From my personal experience, I realize the importance of not only focusing but also setting the right conditions during practice. 3 This is why some argue against baseball players practising hitting before a game. Nervousness in unfamiliar environments may worsen a player’s mechanics and lead to a lower batting average during the game itself. 4 To warm up, I practise deep breathing exercises and relax my tongue with “blah blah blahs”. Brightening my face, helps make my sound more energetic. My voice becomes richer and stronger when I practise opening up my mouth by yawning, imagining the back of my mouth expanding like a frog’ s. I also adjust the way I stand. 5 A. Practice makes perfect. B. You are standing up straight. C. You are loudly clearing your throat. D. Incorrect training may lead to negative outcomes. E. The stress of driving and staying safe keeps you tense. F. After all, an upright guitar wouldn’t sound right if it were bent. G. To ensure effective practice, I recreate my singing in the shower. 【答案】1. B 2. E 3. D 4. G 5. F 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章对比淋浴时和开车时唱歌的不同感受，说明练习需专注和合适条件，还介绍了作者为有效练习重现淋浴唱歌状态的方法。 (1)题解析： 根据上文“Have you ever wondered why it feels so satisfying to sing in the shower? You are alone. You are warm. The air is moist, making your throat feel wet.(你是否曾好奇过，为什么在淋浴时唱歌会让人感觉如此惬意？此时你独自一人，身体温暖，空气潮湿，这使得你的喉咙也感觉湿润)”以及后文“You’re at once relaxed and pleasantly energized by the water. Little can take you away from the simple tasks at hand. You control the speed and pitch. And the bathroom provides wonderful resonance (共鸣).(水给你带来的不仅是放松的感觉，还让您感到愉悦且充满活力。任何事物都无法让您分心，让你专注于手头的简单事务。你可以控制水流的速度和角度。而且这个浴室有着极佳的共鸣效果)”可知，前文描述淋浴时唱歌的舒适环境：独处、温暖、空气湿润，后文提到放松且被水赋予活力。本句描述淋浴时的常见姿势，与后文驾驶时的坐姿形成对比。故B选项“你站得笔直”符合语境，故选B。 (2)题解析： 根据上文“Now imagine singing while driving. You are sitting, stuck by a tight seat belt that limits airflow. Without any warm-up, you probably start right in with the first song you hear. The air is drier. And to stay awake, you may be drinking coffee, which can make you thirsty.(现在想象一下边开车边唱歌的情景。你坐在车里，被紧绷的安全带紧紧束缚着，限制了空气流通。在没有任何热身的情况下，你可能会直接开始唱你听到的第一首歌。空气会变得更干燥。为了保持清醒，你可能会喝咖啡，但这可能会让你感到口渴)”可知，本段对比驾驶时唱歌的不适：安全带限制呼吸、空气干燥、喝咖啡口渴。本句进一步说明驾驶时的紧张状态，与淋浴时的放松形成反差，故E选项“驾驶时的紧张情绪让你一直处于紧张状态”符合语境，故选E。 (3)题解析： 根据上文“From my personal experience, I realize the importance of not only focusing but also setting the right conditions during practice.(从我个人的经历来看，我深知在练习过程中不仅要集中注意力，还要营造恰当的练习环境的重要性)”以及后文“This is why some argue against baseball players practising hitting before a game. Nervousness in unfamiliar environments may worsen a player’s mechanics and lead to a lower batting average during the game itself.(这就是为什么有些人反对让棒球运动员在比赛前进行击球练习。在陌生的环境中感到紧张可能会使运动员的动作变得不流畅，并导致他们在实际比赛中击球成功率降低)”可知，前文提到练习时“专注和设置合适条件”的重要性，后文举例棒球运动员赛前练习可能因环境陌生导致表现不佳。本句解释不合适的练习条件的弊端。故D选项“不正确的训练可能会导致不良后果”符合语境，故选D。 (4)题解析： 根据后文“To warm up, I practise deep breathing exercises and relax my tongue with “blah blah blahs”. Brightening my face, helps make my sound more energetic. My voice becomes richer and stronger when I practise opening up my mouth by yawning, imagining the back of my mouth expanding like a frog’ s. I also adjust the way I stand.(为了热身，我会做深呼吸练习，并通过“啦啦啦”这样的声音来放松舌头。让脸部焕发光彩，有助于让我的声音更有活力。当我通过打哈欠来张开嘴巴，想象着自己的口腔像青蛙的嘴巴那样扩张开来时，我的声音就会变得更加丰富和有力。我还调整了自己的站立姿势)”可知，本段讲述作者的练习方法，G选项“重现淋浴时的唱歌状态”呼应首段淋浴唱歌的舒适体验，引出后文具体的热身和练习方式，故G选项“为了确保有效的练习，我会在淋浴时重现我的歌唱场景”符合语境，故选G。 (5)题解析： 根据上文“I also adjust the way I stand.(我还调整了自己的站立姿势)”可知，前文提到调整站姿，F选项“毕竟，如果一把竖着的吉他被弯曲了，它的声音就不会正常了” 用类比说明站姿对发声的重要性，强化“调整站姿”的合理性，衔接紧密。故选F。 Passage 4 （25-26高二上·湖南多校联盟·期中）Turning the page: Steps to create a new chapter in your life Life is filled with numerous victories and downfalls. What matters is how you deal with each situation. 1 Here's how you can create a new chapter in your life. Draw a line mentally Life is going to throw a lot of problems your way. What you can do in this kind of situation is draw a mental line. 2 In order to be better than before you need to leave that guilt and shame in the past and emerge as someone new. Learn from others When dealing with a problem or situation, you must be willing to bring others into the conversations. When we talk about others, I refer to the people that you are close with. 3 Humans are social beings and we have to interact with each other, in one way or the other. Make sure that the interaction is actually beneficial in some way. It should uplift your spirit and not bring you down. 4 How can you move on from a struggle until and unless you have tried everything in your hands? Sometimes we have tried out so much, such as pills, counseling and books, but nothing worked. In this kind of situation, what can we do? I would advise you to try solutions that you never ever dreamed of, and who knows, they might actually make things better for you. Let go of your past In order to move on from every struggle and heartbreak, you must let go of the past, guilt, and anger. No matter what, negative feelings are always going to be counter- productive. 5 Picture your goals in your mind and make sensible steps towards them with each passing day. Let nothing stand in your way. A. Try everything in your hands. B. Stick to familiar solutions. C. These could be your family and close friends. D. Your attitude matters a lot when you are in trouble. E. This line will help you mark your future decisions. F. We must forgive ourselves so that we can easily begin the next chapter. G. May it be your love life or a serious life struggle, we must learn to move on. 【答案】1. G 2. E 3. C 4. A 5. F 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的励志类生活指南文章。文章旨在说明人生起伏中开启新篇的重要性，并提出划心理界线、求助亲友、尝试一切、放下过去等建议。 (1)题解析： 前文“Life is filled with numerous victories and downfalls. What matters is how you deal with each situation.(生活充满了无数的胜利和失败。重要的是你如何处理每一种情况。)”提到人生充满胜败起伏，关键在于如何应对，此处需要承接“如何面对每一种情况”。G选项“May it be your love life or a serious life struggle, we must learn to move on.(无论是爱情生活还是严重的人生困境，我们都必须学会前进。)”既与前文的“情况”对应，又与“开启下一章”的主题紧密衔接，承上启下，符合语篇主旨。故选G。 (2)题解析： 前文“What you can do in this kind of situation is draw a mental line.(在这种情况下，你能做的就是在心里划清界限。)”提到“mental line (心理界线)”，此处应解释这条“界线”的意义。E选项“This line will help you mark your future decisions.(这条线将帮助你标注未来的决定。)”正是对mental line的功能补足说明，语义连贯自然。故选E。 (3)题解析： 本段小标题“Learn from others(向他人学习)”和上文“When we talk about others, I refer to the people that you are close with.(当我们谈论别人时，我指的是你亲近的人。)”提到当处理问题时要与亲近的人交流，C选项“These could be your family and close friends.(这些人可能是你的家人和亲密朋友。)”具体说明了亲近的人是谁。故选C。 (4)题解析： 根据下文“How can you move on from a struggle until and unless you have tried everything in your hands? (除非你已经尝试了所有的方法，否则你怎么能从挣扎中走出来呢？)”以及后文建议尝试从未想过的解决方案可知，此段主旨是尝试你力所能及的一切。A选项“Try everything in your hands.(尽你所能尝试一切办法。)”是对本段内容的概括。故选 A。 (5)题解析： 前文“In order to move on from every struggle and heartbreak, you must let go of the past, guilt, and anger. No matter what, negative feelings are always going to be counter-productive.(为了从每一次挣扎和心碎中走出来，你必须放下过去、内疚和愤怒。无论如何，消极的情绪总是适得其反。)”讲“放下过去、罪恶感、愤怒”，此处需要对“放下”的内在心理机制进行总结性补充。F选项“We must forgive ourselves so that we can easily begin the next chapter.(我们必须原谅自己，这样才能轻松开启下一章节。)”既深化“放下过去”这一建议，又呼应了主题，语意收尾自然。故选F。 Passage 5 （25-26高二上·湖南名校联考联合体·期中）Of all the study tips out there, the one I use the most to remember things is association. 1 That connection can help you later when you think of the associated item, which will inspire the second one to pop in your brain. Here are some of the easiest ways to use it when you’re trying to improve your memory. Make up a mnemonic (助记的) phrase. In primary school, we all learned mnemonic phrases, like “My Very Educated Mother Just Sat Upon Nine Pizzas”. That one was designed to help us remember the names and orders of the planets by starting each word in the sentence with the first letter of its corresponding (相应的) planet: Mercury, Venus, Earth, etc. Loads of research shows mnemonic devices truly help remember. 2 But if the absurdity (荒诞) of mothers sitting upon pizzas works better for you, run with it. 3 Start by organizing what you need to study and look for anything that might rhyme — but make sure it all stays in order if it needs to. Use a tune you know or make up a rhyme on the spot, but repeat it to yourself over and over until it sticks. As an example, let’s look at the first four basic steps to take before conducting research: Identifying and developing your topic, searching for existing research, locating materials, and evaluating your sources. 4 It’s something like, “Identify what you want to know/ but check who’s done it before you go/ now you find the tools to help/ and judge the work of someone else.” Paint a mental picture. This is what I do most often. I create little scenes for groups of words and paint a mental picture that helps me remember them. For instance, the other night I was helping my boyfriend study accounting and discovered that “book value”, “carrying value”, and “net realizable value” all refer to the same thing. To help him remember that, I suggested imagining a little guy carrying a book and a net. The book could be in the net or the little guy could be carrying them both separately. 5 A. A rhyme here for the four steps could be available, B. Making up little rhymes or songs is also beneficial. C. It’s any connection you can form between two items. D. But once you imagine the scene, it’s hard to forget it. E. I prefer to make up a sentence that somehow applies to my real life. F. So it makes no sense or has nothing to do with the real topic at hand. G. Association is essential to learning theory and behaviorism. 【答案】1. C 2. E 3. B 4. A 5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过联想记忆法来提高记忆力的几种方法，包括编助记短语、编押韵小诗或歌曲以及在脑海中描绘画面。 (1)题解析： 由上文“Of all the study tips out there, the one I use the most to remember things is association. (在所有的学习技巧中，我最常用的是联想记忆法。)”及下文“That connection can help you later when you think of the associated item, which will inspire the second one to pop in your brain. (当你想到相关的事物时，这种联系会在以后帮助你，它会激发第二个事物出现在你的脑海里。)”可知，本空应解释什么是“联想记忆法”。C选项“It’s any connection you can form between two items. (它是你在两个事物之间可以建立的任何联系。)”符合题意，对“联想记忆法”进行了定义，且下文的“That connection”指代的就是C选项中的“connection”。故选C。 (2)题解析： 由上文“Make up a mnemonic (助记的) phrase. In primary school, we all learned mnemonic phrases, like “My Very Educated Mother Just Sat Upon Nine Pizzas”. That one was designed to help us remember the names and orders of the planets by starting each word in the sentence with the first letter of its corresponding (相应的) planet: Mercury, Venus, Earth,etc. Loads of research shows mnemonic devices truly help remember. (编一个助记短语。在小学时，我们都学过助记短语，比如“My Very Educated Mother Just Sat Upon Nine Pizzas(我那位受过良好教育的母亲刚刚坐在九张披萨上)”。这个短语的设计目的是通过让句子中的每个单词以其对应行星（水星、金星、地球等）英文名称的首字母开头，来帮助我们记住行星的名称和顺序。大量研究表明，助记工具确实有助于记忆。)”及下文“But if the absurdity (荒诞) of mothers sitting upon pizzas works better for you, run with it. (但是，如果母亲坐在披萨上的荒诞对你更有效，那就用它吧。)”可知，本空应提出一种与“荒诞短语”不同的助记句创作方式。E选项“I prefer to make up a sentence that somehow applies to my real life. (我更喜欢编一个与我的现实生活有某种联系的句子。)”符合题意，且与下文形成转折关系，下文指出如果荒诞的句子更有效也可以用，说明作者推荐的方法不是唯一的。故选E。 (3)题解析： 由下文“Start by organizing what you need to study and look for anything that might rhyme — but make sure it all stays in order if it needs to. Use a tune you know or make up a rhyme on the spot, but repeat it to yourself over and over until it sticks. (首先整理你需要学习的内容，寻找任何可能押韵的东西——但如果有必要，确保所有内容都保持有序。使用你知道的曲调或当场编一首押韵的诗，但一遍又一遍地重复给自己听，直到记住为止。)”可知，本空应提出使用押韵或歌曲来帮助记忆的方法。B选项“Making up little rhymes or songs is also beneficial. (编一些押韵的小诗或歌曲也是有益的。)”符合题意，且下文是对B选项的具体解释。故选B。 (4)题解析： 由上文“As an example, let’s look at the first four basic steps to take before conducting research: Identifying and developing your topic, searching for existing research, locating materials, and evaluating your sources. (举个例子，让我们看看在进行研究之前要采取的前四个基本步骤：确定并发展你的主题，搜索现有的研究，定位材料，评估你的来源。)”及下文“It’s something like, “Identify what you want to know/ but check who’s done it before you go/ now you find the tools to help/ and judge the work of someone else.” (就像这样，“确定你想知道什么/但在你去之前先看看谁做过/现在你找到了帮助的工具/并判断别人的工作。”)”可知，本空应提出为这四个步骤编押韵诗的建议。A选项“A rhyme here for the four steps could be available, (这里可以为这四个步骤编一首押韵诗，)”符合题意，且下文是对A选项的具体示例。故选A。 (5)题解析： 由上文“For instance, the other night I was helping my boyfriend study accounting and discovered that “book value”, “carrying value”, and “net realizable value” all refer to the same thing. To help him remember that, I suggested imagining a little guy carrying a book and a net. The book could be in the net or the little guy could be carrying them both separately. (例如，前几天晚上我在帮男朋友学习会计，发现“账面价值”、“账面净值”和“可变现净值”都指的是同一件事。为了帮助他记住这一点，我建议想象一个小家伙拿着一本书和一张网。书可以在网里，或者小家伙可以分别拿着它们。)”可知，本空应总结这种想象场景对记忆的帮助。D选项“But once you imagine the scene, it’s hard to forget it. (但是一旦你想象出这个场景，就很难忘记它。)”符合题意，与上文形成因果关系。故选D。 Passage 6 （25-26高二上·湖南平高教育集团·期中）Perfectionism is often characterized by the persistent pursuit of excellence and the setting of exceptionally high standards. It is a positive quality, especially for many professions, say a pilot or a brain surgeon. 1 . Many medical and mental health challenges are rooted in perfectionism. Here are tips to ease up on yourself. See yourself beyond your achievements 2 . However, it’s natural to feel bad or disappointed when falling short of your goals. Our value is not defined only by our excellent performance. We are our relationships, our interests and our enjoyment of life. Make self-compassion (自我同情) easier Self-compassion is often described as talking to yourself like a good friend. Self-compassion can be one word or a phrase: “Easy”, “Gentle”, “You’re OK”. Self-compassion can be actions: three deep breaths, asking for help or taking a break. It can also be permission not to do all the things you expect of yourself. 3 . Tone down (使······柔和) your inner critic Those of us who aim high take our commitments and our responsibilities seriously. The same attitude can extend to our own thoughts. When we think “I’m not good enough”, or “I’m falling short”, we treat them as fact. But actually, they’re just thoughts. 4 . But that doesn’t mean we have to take every thought seriously and literally. 5 Self-improvement feels good, but resist the urge to turn your leisure time into another project. You don’t have to build a skill, learn something new, or do something good for you all the time. Improvement and personal development are important, but so are pleasure and enjoyment. A. Dare to be unproductive B. Allow yourself to reflect C. Some people naturally tend to be self-critical D. You don’t have to lower your standards or be less driven E. It can tip over into unhealthy behavior if left unchecked, though F. This could mean skipping the gym for sleep when you are worn out G. We’re proud of good grades, an excellent job review or hitting our workout goals 【答案】1. E 2. G 3. F 4. C 5. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。本文指出完美主义虽有积极面，但失控会引发健康问题，还给出四个缓解建议：正视自身价值、学会自我同情、缓和自我批评、敢于适度 “无所事事”。 (1)题解析： 根据上文“Perfectionism is often characterized by the persistent pursuit of excellence and the setting of exceptionally high standards. It is a positive quality, especially for many professions, say a pilot or a brain surgeon.(完美主义通常表现为对卓越的不懈追求以及设定极高的标准。这是一种积极的品质，尤其对于许多职业而言，比如飞行员或脑外科医生等)”以及后文“Many medical and mental health challenges are rooted in perfectionism. Here are tips to ease up on yourself.(许多身体和心理方面的健康问题都源于过度追求完美。以下是一些帮助你放松自己的建议)”可知，前文说完美主义是积极品质，空后转折提到它会引发健康问题，E项“但如果不加约束，它可能会陷入不健康的行为”承上启下，衔接自然。故选E。 (2)题解析： 根据后文“However, it’s natural to feel bad or disappointed when falling short of your goals. Our value is not defined only by our excellent performance. We are our relationships, our interests and our enjoyment of life.(然而，当未能达成目标时，感到沮丧或失望是很正常的。我们的价值并不仅仅由出色的表现来定义。我们的价值在于我们的关系、我们的兴趣以及我们对生活的享受)”可知，空后讲“未达目标时难过很正常”，G项“我们为好成绩、优秀工作评价或达成健身目标而自豪”呼应“成就”，与后文形成转折逻辑。故选G。 (3)题解析： 根据上文“Self-compassion is often described as talking to yourself like a good friend. Self-compassion can be one word or a phrase: “Easy”, “Gentle”, “You’re OK”. Self-compassion can be actions: three deep breaths, asking for help or taking a break. It can also be permission not to do all the things you expect of yourself.(自我同情通常被描述为像对待好朋友那样与自己交流。自我同情可以是一个词或一个短语：比如“简单”“温和”“你没问题”。自我同情也可以是行动：做三次深呼吸、寻求帮助或者休息一下。它还可以是允许自己不必去做那些你期望自己完成的事情)”可知，前文举例自我同情的具体做法，F项“这可能意味着疲惫时放弃健身去睡觉”是对“允许自己不做所有期待之事”的具体举例，衔接紧密。故选F。 (4)题解析： 根据后文“But that doesn’t mean we have to take every thought seriously and literally.(但这并不意味着我们必须对每一个想法都认真地、字面地去对待)”可知，空后围绕“内心批评者”展开，C项“有些人天生倾向于自我批评”引出话题，且与后文“认为‘自己不够好’是想法而非事实”呼应。故选C。 (5)题解析： 根据后文“Self-improvement feels good, but resist the urge to turn your leisure time into another project. You don’t have to build a skill, learn something new, or do something good for you all the time. Improvement and personal development are important, but so are pleasure and enjoyment.(自我提升的感觉很棒，但要克制住将休闲时间也用于其他事务的冲动。你不必一直去培养一项技能、学习新知识或者做对自己有益的事情。提升自我和进行个人发展固然重要，但快乐和享受也同样重要)”可知，空后强调“不必把闲暇时间变成任务，享受快乐也很重要”，A项“敢于‘无所事事’” 概括该段核心，作为段落主旨句最合适。故选A。 Passage 7 （25-26高二上·湖南长沙雅礼中学-11月·期中）When it comes to health tips, all too often we tend to merely search for good habits that stick. 1 . Making small changes can bring big improvements in your health and wellbeing. Here are some useful tips on how to kick bad habits. ◆ Being over-ambitious about exercise We put a lot of pressure on ourselves to keep active. 2 ? Sometimes it’s enough just to make time for a ten-minute power walk. Scientists at the universities of Cambridge and Leicester recently showed that short, intense bursts of activity are more beneficial to the heart than leisurely exercise lasting more than twice as long. ◆ Scrolling while eating Being on your phone when you eat means you’re not paying attention to your food or allowing yourself a break from that non-stop cyber chatter. Sit down to have your meal. 3 , focusing on enjoying what you’re eating. ◆ 4 Socializing helps you feel better about life. It might even sharpen your memory and help you live longer, according to some research. So make a few dates with friends and family instead of being alone all the while. ◆ Being hard on yourself 5 , it’s time to be kind to yourself. Remember, Rome wasn’t built in a day. When feeling exhausted, stop and take microbreaks—stick your head out of the window, have a coffee, read an article. You’ll resume what you’re doing feeling refreshed. Make an active effort to stay positive and congratulate yourself every day on one good thing you’ve achieved, however small. A. Being sociable B. Avoiding people C. Put your mobile out of reach and eat mindfully D. But do you need to go to the gym five days a week E. Once you have managed to achieve a long-term goal F. If you’re struggling to meet exercise goals, or to get everything done G. However, breaking bad health habits is as important as developing good ones 【答案】1. G 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. F 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何戒掉一些坏习惯给出了建议。 (1)题解析： 空格前的句子“When it comes to health tips, all too often we tend to merely search for good habits that stick.(说到健康秘诀，我们往往倾向于寻找坚持下来的好习惯)”指出我们往往倾向于寻找坚持下来的好习惯，而空格后的句子“Making small changes can bring big improvements in your health and wellbeing.（一些小的改变可以给你的健康和幸福带来巨大的改善)”指出做出改变的好处，所以空格处的句子肯定提到戒掉坏习惯的好处，这样前后才能衔接起来。G项“However, breaking bad health habits is as important as developing good ones(然而，改掉坏的健康习惯和养成好习惯一样重要)”可以衔接上下文，符合题意。故选G项。 (2)题解析： 根据该部分提到的坏习惯“Being over-ambitious about exercise(对锻炼过于雄心勃勃)”和空格后的问号可知，空格处的句子应该是一个问句，且和“对锻炼过于雄心勃勃”这一习惯有关。D项“But do you need to go to the gym five days a week(但是你需要一周五天去健身房吗 )”在形式上和内容上都符合题意。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 空格前的句子“Being on your phone when you eat means you’re not paying attention to your food or allowing yourself a break from that non-stop cyber chatter.(吃饭时玩手机意味着你没有注意到你的食物，也没有让自己从不停的网络聊天中休息一下)”指出吃饭时玩手机的弊端，而空格后的部分“focusing on enjoying what you’re eating(专注于享受你所吃的东西)”是让你专注于享受你所吃的东西，所以空格处的句子肯定是建议放下手机。C项“Put your mobile out of reach and eat mindfully(把手机放在够不着的地方，用心吃东西)”符合题意。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 从空格所处的位置可知，空格处的句子应该是列举的坏习惯之一，而下文的内容“Socializing helps you feel better about life. It might even sharpen your memory and help you live longer, according to some research. So make a few dates with friends and family instead of being alone all the while.(社交让你对生活感觉更好。根据一些研究，它甚至可能提高你的记忆力，帮助你活得更久。所以，多和朋友和家人约会，而不是一直一个人呆着)”指出参加社交的好处，所以空格处的句子一定和不愿参加社交有关。B项“Avoiding people(不愿见人)”符合题意。故选B项。 (5)题解析： 根据空格后的逗号和句子可知，空格处只能填入一个非谓语形式或从句；根据该部分的主题“Being hard on yourself(对自己苛刻)”和空格后的主句“it’s time to be kind to yourself(是时候善待自己了)”可知，只有F项“If you’re struggling to meet exercise goals, or to get everything done(如果你正在努力达到锻炼目标，或者完成所有事情)”在内容上和形式上符合题意。故选F项。 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·湖南多校联考·期中）Reimagining history is a fascinating phenomenon in contemporary art. More and more, I realize that artists are trying to retell historical events and past figures, to reflect on the past and to offer new perspectives on our current context. Artists have taken historical figures and given them new meanings that I find inspiring. Wiley, for instance, is known for his portraits of Black men and women in poses traditionally associated with the upper class. 1 That invites me to reflect on the power in the history of art. On the other hand, Christian Boltanski reimagines history by focusing on the traces of ordinary people. His artwork, The Heart Archives, is a collection of recorded heartbeats from thousands of people around the world, stored on a remote island in Japan. Instead of focusing on grand historical events, Boltanski builds a bridge to the past through the most universal human experience. 2 3 Projects like “The Legacy of the 1960s” at the Museum of Modern Art in New York gather works from multiple artists that analyze the impact of social movements from that decade. This cooperative approach allows me to hear various voices, offering me a richer and more complex view of history. Reimagining history can also be an act of protest. Artists like Doris Salcedo address painful historical events, such as the violence in Colombia, to give voice to the forgotten victims. Through this emotional art piece, Salcedo invites audience to reflect on the pain of the past and its relevance in the present, reminding us that the past is never truly separate from the present. 4 5 Some argue that reimagining history can belittle serious events or twist historical truth. It is essential that artists, including myself, approach this process with responsibility and a critical sense. A. His work aims to portray the Black in a realistic way. B. However, I am aware reimagining is not without its criticisms. C. Reimagining successfully lead people to view history critically. D. This type of work not only honors memory but also calls for action. E. Through such poetic gestures, I feel a deep sense of shared humanity. F. Besides individual artists, collective exhibitions are key in reimagining. G. In doing so, he challenges historical accounts that ignore people of color. 【答案】1. G 2. E 3. F 4. D 5. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了当代艺术中重新构想历史的现象，包括艺术家如何赋予历史人物新意义、集体展览的作用、艺术作为抗议的形式，以及对此现象的批评。 (1)题解析： 由上文“Wiley, for instance, is known for his portraits of Black men and women in poses traditionally associated with the upper class. (例如，Wiley以其描绘黑人和女性的肖像而闻名，这些肖像的姿势传统上与上层阶级有关。)”及下文“That invites me to reflect on the power in the history of art.(这让我反思艺术历史中的力量。)”可知，空格处应说明Wiley的创作目的或意义，G选项“In doing so, he challenges historical accounts that ignore people of color. (通过这样做，他挑战了那些忽视有色人种的历史记载。)”符合语境，能够承接上文，说明Wiley的创作挑战了忽视有色人种的历史叙述，并引出下文对艺术历史力量的反思。故选G。 (2)题解析： 由上文“Instead of focusing on grand historical events, Boltanski builds a bridge to the past through the most universal human experience. (Boltanski没有关注重大的历史事件，而是通过最普遍的人类体验搭建了一座通往过去的桥梁。)”可知，空格处应进一步说明这种做法带来的感受或影响，E选项“Through such poetic gestures, I feel a deep sense of shared humanity. (通过这样的诗意姿态，我感受到一种深刻的人类共同情感。)”符合语境，能够承接上文，说明Boltanski的作品通过普遍的人类体验让作者感受到人类共同的情感。故选E。 (3)题解析： 由下文“Projects like “The Legacy of the 1960s” at the Museum of Modern Art in New York gather works from multiple artists that analyze the impact of social movements from that decade. This cooperative approach allows me to hear various voices, offering me a richer and more complex view of history. (纽约现代艺术博物馆的“20世纪60年代的遗产”等项目汇集了多位艺术家的作品，分析了那个十年社会运动的影响。这种合作的方式让我听到了不同的声音，让我对历史有了更丰富、更复杂的看法。)”可知，集体展览在重新构想历史中扮演着关键角色，空格处应引出集体展览这一话题，F选项“Besides individual artists, collective exhibitions are key in reimagining. (除了个体艺术家，集体展览在重新构想历史中也起着关键作用。)”符合语境，能够引出下文对集体展览的讨论。故选F。 (4)题解析： 由上文“Through this emotional art piece, Salcedo invites audience to reflect on the pain of the past and its relevance in the present, reminding us that the past is never truly separate from the present. (通过这件充满情感的艺术作品，Salcedo邀请观众反思过去的痛苦及其在当下的意义，提醒我们过去从未真正与现在分离。)”可知，空格处应进一步说明这种艺术作品的作用或意义，D选项“This type of work not only honors memory but also calls for action. (这种类型的作品不仅纪念过去，也呼吁行动。)”符合语境，能够承接上文，说明萨尔塞多的作品不仅纪念过去，还呼吁人们采取行动。故选D。 (5)题解析： 由下文“Some argue that reimagining history can belittle serious events or twist historical truth. (一些人认为，重新构想历史可能会贬低严肃的事件或扭曲历史真相。)”可知，空格处应引出对重新构想历史的批评这一话题，B选项“However, I am aware reimagining is not without its criticisms. (然而，我意识到重新构想历史并非没有批评。)”符合语境，能够引出下文对重新构想历史的批评的讨论。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·湖南长沙长郡中学-11月·期中）Everyone knows that it takes 21 days to develop a new habit. We probably owe this particular example of pop-psychology wisdom to Maxwell Maltz, the plastic surgeon who claimed to have observed that individuals who had had an arm or leg cut off took an average of only 21 days to adjust to the loss of a limb (肢体). 1 . And therefore it must take 21 days to change a habit, maybe, perhaps! 2 , as a new study by psychologist Phillippa Lally and her colleagues helps confirm. On average, her subjects, who were trying to learn new habits such as eating fruit daily or going jogging, took a depressing 66 days before reporting that the behaviour had become unchangingly automatic. 3 . It couldn’t be just as easy to start eating a few more apples as to start finding five hours a week to study Chinese. Self- help culture sticks to the fiction of the 21-day rule, probably because it makes habit change sound basically easy. 4 . Our brains are designed to take short cuts, making as many behaviours as possible automatic. “Really,” asks the psychologist Ian Newby-Clark,“ what would be the point of having a habit that didn’t free up your mind to focus on more pressing matters?” Habits are meant to be difficult to change. Another problem is that we tend to think about habit change wrongly. We want to, say, stop watching so much TV, but on the other hand, demonstrably, we also want to watch lots of TV — after all, we keep doing it. We’re stuck deep in what the Greeks called “akrasia”: deciding on the best course of action, then doing something else. 5 . Simply stop watching TV is like dealing with a leaky bathroom tap by repainting the kitchen. What’s required is an alternative way to feel relaxed and happy. Maybe by looking at the problem differently we can slip out of them. A. This is, of course, nonsense B. The 21- day rule does have some scientific basis C. We believe that habits are purely a matter of willpower D. The way round this is to see that habits are responses to needs E. Therefore, he reasoned the same must be true of all big changes F. And some habits, unsurprisingly , were harder than others to make stick G. One problem with this is discouragingly simple: changing habits is hard 【答案】1. E 2. A 3. F 4. G 5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文探讨了关于习惯改变的一些常见误解，特别是“21天养成一个新习惯”的说法。 (1)题解析： 根据前文“We probably owe this particular example of pop- psychology wisdom to Maxwell Maltz, the plastic surgeon who claimed to have observed that individuals who had had an arm or leg cut off took an average of only 21 days to adjust to the loss of a limb (肢体). (我们可能要把这个流行心理学智慧的特别例子归功于整形外科医生Maxwell Maltz，他声称自己观察到，失去一条胳膊或一条腿的人平均只需要21天就能适应一条肢体的失去。)”可知，此处陈述了Maxwell Maltz的观点。E选项“Therefore, he reasoned the same must be true of all big changes(因此，他推断所有大的变化都是如此)”承接前文，选项中的he指代前文的Maxwell Maltz，符合语境。故选E。 (2)题解析： 根据前文“And therefore it must take 21 days to change a habit, maybe, perhaps!( 因此，改变一个习惯必须花21天，也许，也许！)”以及后文“as a new study by psychologist Phillippa Lally and her colleagues helps confirm. On average, her subjects, who were trying to learn new habits such as eating fruit daily or going jogging, took a depressing 66 days before reporting that the behaviour had become unchangingly automatic. (如同心理学家Phillippa Lally和她的同事的一项新研究帮助证实的。她的研究对象试图养成新习惯，比如每天吃水果或慢跑，他们平均花了令人沮丧的66天时间才报告说，这些行为已经变成了习惯性的行为。)”可知，Maxwell Maltz认为改变一个习惯必须花21天时间，但是Phillippa Lally和她的同事的一项新研究证实了Maxwell Maltz所提出的观点是错误的。A选项“This is, of course, nonsense(当然，这是无稽之谈)”直接反驳了第一段的观点，this指代前文的观点的内容即改变一个习惯必须花21天，该选项符合语境。故选A。 (3)题解析： 根据后文“It couldn’t be just as easy to start eating a few more apples as to start finding five hours a week to study Chinese.( 开始多吃几个苹果不可能像开始每周抽出五个小时学习中文那么容易。)”可知，此处强调多吃几个苹果不可能像每周抽出五个小时学习中文那么容易。F选项“And some habits, unsurprisingly , were harder than others to make stick(不出所料，有些习惯比其他习惯更难坚持)”直接指出了不同习惯养成的难易程度不同，照应后文中将吃苹果和学韩语相对比的例子。故选F。 (4)题解析： 根据前文“Self- help culture sticks to the fiction of the 21- day rule, probably because it makes habit change sound basically easy.(自助文化坚持21天规则的虚构，可能是因为它使习惯改变听起来基本上很容易。)”强调自我帮助文化坚持“21天规则”的虚构，可能是因为它想让习惯改变听起来很容易。G选项“One problem with this is discouragingly simple: changing habits is hard(一个简单得令人沮丧的问题是：改变习惯很难)”可知，该选项指出了坚持21天规则的一个主要问题，即改变习惯很难，对上述观点进行了反驳，指出了改变习惯的真正难度。故选G。 (5)题解析： 根据前文“Another problem is that we tend to think about habit change wrongly. We want to, say, stop watching so much TV, but on the other hand, demonstrably, we also want to watch lots of TV —— after all, we keep doing it. We’re stuck deep in what the Greeks called “akrasia”: deciding on the best course of action, then doing something else. (另一个问题是，我们倾向于错误地思考习惯的改变。比如说，我们想停止看那么多电视，但另一方面，很明显，我们也想看很多电视——毕竟，我们一直在看电视。我们深陷希腊人所说的“akrasia”：决定最好的行动方针，然后做其他事情。)”可知，前面提到的是我们在习惯改变上的错误思维方式，即想要做某事（如少看电视），但实际上却继续做其它的事。D选项“The way round this is to see that habits are responses to needs(解决这个问题的方法是认识到习惯是对需求的反应)”针对前文的问题提出了解决方案即要理解并满足我们的真正需求，而不是简单地错误地改变某个习惯。故选D。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·湖南湘潭湘钢一中·期中）I’ve been practising the art of detachment (超脱) for at least a year now. The aim is to be actively involved in life but less attached. Life is a series of experiences: a combination of states we go through. Where people fail is that they get attached to a state of transition and define their lives by it. They get attached to how things should be. If life doesn’t match their expectations, they get frustrated angry, depressed and even lost. 1 Detachment doesn’t mean withdrawing from life. It’s showing up with your whole self without needing to control the outcome. Psychologists talk about “secure attachment” versus “anxious attachment.” The first one allows you to connect while maintaining independence. 2 Anxious attachment creates suffering because it ties your happiness to something external. Detachment frees you to find peace within. Holding on to people, outcomes, ideas, mental states, beliefs, or an emotional state feels safe. 3 Because when you hold onto people or things, you attach your mood, expectations and fears to them. But everything is in transition. Adapt when things change. 4 It’s a tricky balance. But it works in your favour. That’s another truth I’ve learned. Life happens for its own reasons, not always for yours. People leave. Plans fall apart. Pain comes. None of these occurrences are centered on you. Life doesn’t happen to punish or reward you. It just happens. What you do with it is what matters. 5 The more you let go, the more you can actually enjoy life. Life isn’t happening to you. It’s happening through you. Let it. A. This independence is what prevents unnecessary suffering. B. That’s the pain of attachment. C. Take life seriously, but don’t take it personally. D. But it can also be your undoing or your suffering. E. Engage fully in the moment, but learn to detach from the outcome. F. It means maintaining a strong sense of self even in relationships. G. Holding onto nothing is how you transition through the realities unfolding. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. G 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了超脱的艺术，强调在生活中积极投入但不执着于结果的重要性，分析了执着带来的痛苦和超脱带来的内心平静。 (1)题解析： 上文“Where people fail is that they get attached to a state of transition and define their lives by it. They get attached to how things should be. If life doesn’t match their expectations, they get frustrated angry, depressed and even lost. (世人常陷于这样的困境：将过渡状态误作永恒，以此定义整个人生。他们执着于“事物应当如何”的预设蓝图，当现实与预期产生偏差，便生出挫败、愤怒、抑郁，乃至在迷途中徘徊不前)”指出人们对于人生的错误认知导致当生活不符合期望时便会产生负面情绪，B选项“That’s the pain of attachment.(这便是执念之痛)”是对上述不幸的总结，指出这些负面情绪是执着带来的痛苦，句中“attachment”与上文“get attached to how things should be”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 上文“Psychologists talk about “secure attachment” versus “anxious attachment.” The first one allows you to connect while maintaining independence.(心理学家将依恋模式分为“安全型”与“焦虑型”。前者让你在建立联结时仍能保持独立人格)”提到安全型依恋模式能让你在建立联结时仍能保持独立人格，A选项“This independence is what prevents unnecessary suffering.(这种独立可以防止不必要的痛苦)”承接上文，进一步解释这种独立的作用，即防止不必要的痛苦，同时与下文“Anxious attachment creates suffering because it ties your happiness to something external.(焦虑型依恋之所以带来痛苦，是因它将你的幸福系于外物)”形成对比。故选A项。 (3)题解析： 上文“Holding on to people, outcomes, ideas, mental states, beliefs, or an emotional state feels safe.(紧握人事、执念结果、固守观念、沉溺心境、恪守信仰或缠绵情绪，总能予人虚幻的安全感)”提到执着于某些人或事物会让人感到安全，D选项“But it can also be your undoing or your suffering.(但这执念亦可能成为你的劫难，或是苦痛的根源)”与上文构成转折关系，提出执着也可能带来毁灭或痛苦，下文“Because when you hold onto people or things, you attach your mood, expectations and fears to them.(因为当你紧握人或物时，便是将心境、期待与恐惧都系于其上)”解释了执着带来痛苦的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 下文“It’s a tricky balance. But it works in your favour. That’s another truth I’ve learned. Life happens for its own reasons, not always for yours. People leave. Plans fall apart. Pain comes. None of these occurrences are centered on you. Life doesn’t happen to punish or reward you. It just happens.(这需要微妙的平衡，但最终对你有益——这是我领悟的另一个道理。生活自有其轨迹，不总是按你的意愿展开。有人会离开，计划会落空，痛苦会来临。这些变化都不是针对你个人。生活不是为了惩罚或奖赏你而存在，它只是自然发生)”提到要找到一个微妙的平衡，同时，根据指代关系可推知，设空句会出现“it”所指代的对象。C选项“Take life seriously, but don’t take it personally.(认真对待生活，但别把什么事都往心里去)”提出了一种平衡的方式，即认真对待生活，但不要执着于结果，与下文内容一致，同时也与“it”构成指代关系。故选C项。 (5)题解析： 上文“Life doesn’t happen to punish or reward you. It just happens. What you do with it is what matters.(生活本身不是为了惩罚或奖赏你，它只是自然发生。而你如何应对，才是关键所在)”强调如何应对生活才是关键所在，G选项“Holding onto nothing is how you transition through the realities unfolding.(不执着于任何事物，才能从容面对不断变化的现实)”承接上文，直接给出应对生活的正确方法，即不执着于任何事物，下文“The more you let go, the more you can actually enjoy life.(你越放手，你就越能真正享受生活)”进一步解释了“不执着”，即放手的好处，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（七选五） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·湖南湘潭县第一中学·期中）How to Fight Imposter Syndrome (冒名顶替综合征) for Teens A big 100 is circled in red on your test, but you can’t help but think, “I don’t deserve this. I’m not smart.” If you can relate, you may have imposter syndrome like millions of teens around the world. Imposter syndrome, or IS, is feelings of self-doubt and unworthiness that cause a fear of failure. 1 Here is a guide to do so: Ⅰ. Educate yourself further on what IS is and its signs. Be aware when you are judgmental of yourself. Ⅱ. 2 Find what works for you, such as going for a morning walk, spending time with friends, or getting more sleep. Ⅲ. Reflect on your accomplishments. 3 Ⅳ. Talk to people you feel comfortable with, like a friend, teacher, or sibling. 4 . If you are experiencing more severe signs, consider seeking professional help or getting tested for linked mental disorders, if possible. Ⅴ. Explore yourself by trying new things, like picking up a new sport or learning a new language. Do it purely for fun. Remember, failure is part of the growth process. Imposter syndrome causes those with it to weaken their accomplishments and deter (阻止) themselves from growth. By knowing the signs and following the guide above, teens can reach their full potential and fight the normalization of IS. 5 — where a 100 is no longer a reason for self-doubt, but a chance to celebrate our capabilities. A. Make self-care an essential part of your daily routine B. Keep a regular schedule to manage your study and free time C. This achievement builds a foundation for genuine self-worth D. Once achieved, this fosters a healthy environment for growth E. You can also find IS support groups or online forums for teens F. Learning how to face IS can allow you to find peace and enjoyment G. Allow yourself to feel pride about all the amazing things you have done Passage 2 （25-26高二上·湖南长沙部分学校·期中）Self-esteem means you mostly feel good about yourself. It gives you the courage to try new things or make new friends. With self-esteem, you believe in yourself. You know that good things can happen when you try. Self-esteem helps you when things don’t go your way. It helps you accept mistakes. 1 Make a list of the stuff you’re good at. Can you draw or sing? Are you a good reader? Are you good at a sport? 2 If you’re having trouble with your list, ask a parent or a friend to help you with it. 3 Think of ways you can do some of the things you’re good at every day. You can draw pictures, sing songs, play basketball, etc., which make you have a sense of achievement. Turn “I can’t” into “I can”. Does the little voice in your head tell you “I’m not good at this”, “I can’t do it” or “It’s too hard for me”? That’s because you are thinking badly of yourself. 4 Tell yourself “I can give it a try”, “I can handle this”, “I’ll give it my best”, or “I’ll ask someone to help me do this”. Do something meaningful. Do nice things for parents. Help with meals, clean up, or feed the pet. 5 You get to see that what you do means a lot. Spend time with people who love you. Do things you enjoy with your parent or family. It helps you know yourself better. And that builds self-esteem. A. Do you tell a good joke? B. Practice the things you do well. C. Why not decide to change your mind? D. Here are some steps beneficial for you. E. When it happens, you will lack self-esteem. F. Doing worthwhile things, you feel good about yourself. G. There are other ways of helping develop your self-esteem. Passage 3 （25-26高二上·湖南衡阳·期中）Research has found that music, serving as more than an art form, can be a powerful tool to promote mental well-being. Here are some associated benefits. Make you happy 1 . For example, you’ve probably felt a sense of relaxation while listening to comforting instruments before bed, the burst energy while singing in the shower, or the almost spiritual experience of hearing your favorite singer live. Researchers have drawn a connection between music and emotional control. 2 . Protect the immune system (免疫系统) Playing and listening to music helps reduce the production of cortisol (皮质醇) in the human body. Cortisol is known to weaken the immune system and cause a decrease in bone density in human beings. 3 . Additionally, for recovering patients, it is recommended by researchers that they listen to uplifting music as it helps increase the antibodies present in their immune system to fight diseases. 4 Music serves as a medium for social interactions. Group activities such as singing in a choir or playing in drumming circles can provide a sense of belonging. Having an outlet for social connection is crucial for mental health, as feelings of loneliness can worsen mental health issues. Performing as a group can also increase each player’s sense of cooperation and community. Maintain our cognitive (认知的) functions The complex process of playing music challenges a wide variety of brain activities that can improve a musician’s motor skills and the ability to compose. When children start gaining musical training from an early age, it can make a significant impact on furthering their cognitive development, including improvements in abilities connected learning languages, academic performance, and social skills. 5 . A. Help in stress relief B. Strengthen social connection C. Music used for treatment is not limited to just one practice D. Similarly, music can help older populations keep their minds sharp E. Chances are that you have noticed the influence of music on your mood F. By limiting it, music therefore helps the body protect itself from the harm G. They find that our brain will give off a feel-good chemical when we listen to music Passage 4 （25-26高二上·湖南湘一名校·期中）Self-doubt is a common mental experience that can prevent us from realizing our full potential. It often arises during periods of change or when we face new challenges. 1 The practical strategies listed below can help you manage it effectively and recover your confidence. To begin with, be kind to yourself. Many of us tend to be our own strictest critics, especially when things don’t go as planned. It’s not a wise choice. 2 Adding encouraging self-talk to your morning routine can noticeably improve your overall mood and increase your confidence throughout the day. 3 Constantly measuring your achievements against others’ often creates unnecessary pressure and messes with your self-image. It’s important to remember that each person’s life journey is unique, with different starting points and paces. Your primary focus should remain on your own progress and personal goals. Regularly reflecting on your past success provides another powerful tool against self-doubt. 4 This simple practice serves as solid evidence (证据) of your capabilities. Maintaining an achievement journal where you record these successful moments creates a personal source of encouragement when doubt slides in. To protect your mental well-being and personal growth, make an effort to surround yourself with supportive people. Negative individuals can increase self-doubt and influence your mental health. In contrast, supportive friends will encourage you to improve and lead you through challenges. 5 They can also help you recover from stress, truly showing the wisdom that “you are known by the company you keep.” In conclusion, while self-doubt is a universal experience, it doesn’t have to decide who you are. Through regular practice of these strategies and maintaining a growth mindset, you can overcome self-doubt and move forward with greater confidence and self-assurance. A. Avoid comparing yourself with others. B. It brings both great chances and suffering. C. However, this doesn’t mean we’re powerless against it. D. Therefore, it is important to face your weaknesses bravely E. They can help you see your strengths when you feel uncertain. F. For example, think back to a time when you succeeded in a difficult task. G. Instead, try to accept your mistakes as valuable opportunities to learn and grow. Passage 1 （25-26高二上·湖南常德汉寿县第一中学-11月·期中）How to Write a Free Verse Poem Let’s say you are working on homework or an assignment about writing a free verse poem and you’re all set to start. 1 Fortunately, the following steps can solve your problem. Choose a subject. Maybe you can write a poem about a person or your favorite pet. 2 If you have trouble choosing a subject, try closing your eyes and visualizing what is meaningful to you. Then select one that you have an emotional connection to. Think about how to approach the subject. 3 Are you focusing on the specific scene or are you going to write more generally about a certain theme? Are you considering how you can choose certain words to describe the subject? It can be helpful to decide ahead of time what you want to say about the topic. 4 Not being too worried about rhyming, you can feel free to explore your topic. Write down as many details as you can think of. For example, if you are describing your last birthday party, you may start by describing who was at the party, the gifts you received, and how you felt during the party. Create a draft and improve it. Use the list of keywords to help you draft a poem. 5 These will help you to create a stronger free verse poem. Then, read your draft loudly and take note of any lines or sections that have a certain rhythm, as well as any lines where a word or phrase sounds off or flat. A. Focus on using devices like metaphor, simile, etc. B. You can also focus on a theme like love or sorrow. C. Write down the key words that relate to your subject. D. Look at the place where you could improve on a description. E. Are you planning to write a perfect draft or write your poem directly? F. However, there’s one problem: you don’t know how to write a free verse poem! G. Are you going to write from a certain point of view, like the first person or the third person? Passage 2 （25-26高二上·湖南衡阳一中·期中）Effective communication is the key factor in preventing and solving misunderstandings. Misunderstandings should be addressed early on to prevent them from getting worse. Whether it’s at work, in a relationship, with family members, or with strangers, you can always use the following set of tools to manage them. 1 Make sure you fully understand the other person’s perspective (观点) before responding. Listening carefully to them will help you identify any areas of confusion or misinterpretation. Try not to interrupt (打断) them before they have finished speaking. Afterwards, ask questions or restate the information to confirm that you’ve understood it correctly. Trust and communicate openly. Be honest in your communication. If you realize you have made a mistake or contributed to a misunderstanding, admit it and take responsibility for your actions. 2 . Chances are the other person is feeling the same as you. Give them trust and the opportunity to hear you. Be respectful and open-minded. Being willing to consider other perspectives and being open to new information will help you find common ground and reach a solution. When entering any conversation, always acknowledge that we all have different opinions. 3 Take a break and come back to the conversation later. 4 This will help you to recognize where to draw your boundaries and that sometimes it is preferable to be patient and solve a conflict with a calm mind. Agree to disagree. There isn’t always a common ground or a solution when people disagree. We don’t have to agree on everything. Diversity is a gift because each of us can bring value to the table thanks to those different perspectives and opinions. 5 A. Look for suggestions. B. However, try not to take it personally. C. Listen actively and confirm understanding. D. Accepting those differences reduces hurt from the experience. E. You’d better know these common causes and the possible results. F. Even when disagreeing, respect the other person’s feelings and don’t be unkind. G. If emotions run too high, step away and return to the conversation once emotions settle. Passage 3 （25-26高二上·湖南省长沙市天心区长沙市明德中学·期中）Have you ever wondered why it feels so satisfying to sing in the shower? You are alone. You are warm. The air is moist, making your throat feel wet. 1 You’re at once relaxed and pleasantly energized by the water. Little can take you away from the simple tasks at hand. You control the speed and pitch. And the bathroom provides wonderful resonance (共鸣). Now imagine singing while driving. You are sitting, stuck by a tight seat belt that limits airflow. Without any warm-up, you probably start right in with the first song you hear. The air is drier. And to stay awake, you may be drinking coffee, which can make you thirsty. 2 While singing along to the radio, your voice may get lost in the noise of the song and the car. From my personal experience, I realize the importance of not only focusing but also setting the right conditions during practice. 3 This is why some argue against baseball players practising hitting before a game. Nervousness in unfamiliar environments may worsen a player’s mechanics and lead to a lower batting average during the game itself. 4 To warm up, I practise deep breathing exercises and relax my tongue with “blah blah blahs”. Brightening my face, helps make my sound more energetic. My voice becomes richer and stronger when I practise opening up my mouth by yawning, imagining the back of my mouth expanding like a frog’ s. I also adjust the way I stand. 5 A. Practice makes perfect. B. You are standing up straight. C. You are loudly clearing your throat. D. Incorrect training may lead to negative outcomes. E. The stress of driving and staying safe keeps you tense. F. After all, an upright guitar wouldn’t sound right if it were bent. G. To ensure effective practice, I recreate my singing in the shower. Passage 4 （25-26高二上·湖南多校联盟·期中）Turning the page: Steps to create a new chapter in your life Life is filled with numerous victories and downfalls. What matters is how you deal with each situation. 1 Here's how you can create a new chapter in your life. Draw a line mentally Life is going to throw a lot of problems your way. What you can do in this kind of situation is draw a mental line. 2 In order to be better than before you need to leave that guilt and shame in the past and emerge as someone new. Learn from others When dealing with a problem or situation, you must be willing to bring others into the conversations. When we talk about others, I refer to the people that you are close with. 3 Humans are social beings and we have to interact with each other, in one way or the other. Make sure that the interaction is actually beneficial in some way. It should uplift your spirit and not bring you down. 4 How can you move on from a struggle until and unless you have tried everything in your hands? Sometimes we have tried out so much, such as pills, counseling and books, but nothing worked. In this kind of situation, what can we do? I would advise you to try solutions that you never ever dreamed of, and who knows, they might actually make things better for you. Let go of your past In order to move on from every struggle and heartbreak, you must let go of the past, guilt, and anger. No matter what, negative feelings are always going to be counter- productive. 5 Picture your goals in your mind and make sensible steps towards them with each passing day. Let nothing stand in your way. A. Try everything in your hands. B. Stick to familiar solutions. C. These could be your family and close friends. D. Your attitude matters a lot when you are in trouble. E. This line will help you mark your future decisions. F. We must forgive ourselves so that we can easily begin the next chapter. G. May it be your love life or a serious life struggle, we must learn to move on. Passage 5 （25-26高二上·湖南名校联考联合体·期中）Of all the study tips out there, the one I use the most to remember things is association. 1 That connection can help you later when you think of the associated item, which will inspire the second one to pop in your brain. Here are some of the easiest ways to use it when you’re trying to improve your memory. Make up a mnemonic (助记的) phrase. In primary school, we all learned mnemonic phrases, like “My Very Educated Mother Just Sat Upon Nine Pizzas”. That one was designed to help us remember the names and orders of the planets by starting each word in the sentence with the first letter of its corresponding (相应的) planet: Mercury, Venus, Earth, etc. Loads of research shows mnemonic devices truly help remember. 2 But if the absurdity (荒诞) of mothers sitting upon pizzas works better for you, run with it. 3 Start by organizing what you need to study and look for anything that might rhyme — but make sure it all stays in order if it needs to. Use a tune you know or make up a rhyme on the spot, but repeat it to yourself over and over until it sticks. As an example, let’s look at the first four basic steps to take before conducting research: Identifying and developing your topic, searching for existing research, locating materials, and evaluating your sources. 4 It’s something like, “Identify what you want to know/ but check who’s done it before you go/ now you find the tools to help/ and judge the work of someone else.” Paint a mental picture. This is what I do most often. I create little scenes for groups of words and paint a mental picture that helps me remember them. For instance, the other night I was helping my boyfriend study accounting and discovered that “book value”, “carrying value”, and “net realizable value” all refer to the same thing. To help him remember that, I suggested imagining a little guy carrying a book and a net. The book could be in the net or the little guy could be carrying them both separately. 5 A. A rhyme here for the four steps could be available, B. Making up little rhymes or songs is also beneficial. C. It’s any connection you can form between two items. D. But once you imagine the scene, it’s hard to forget it. E. I prefer to make up a sentence that somehow applies to my real life. F. So it makes no sense or has nothing to do with the real topic at hand. G. Association is essential to learning theory and behaviorism. Passage 6 （25-26高二上·湖南平高教育集团·期中）Perfectionism is often characterized by the persistent pursuit of excellence and the setting of exceptionally high standards. It is a positive quality, especially for many professions, say a pilot or a brain surgeon. 1 . Many medical and mental health challenges are rooted in perfectionism. Here are tips to ease up on yourself. See yourself beyond your achievements 2 . However, it’s natural to feel bad or disappointed when falling short of your goals. Our value is not defined only by our excellent performance. We are our relationships, our interests and our enjoyment of life. Make self-compassion (自我同情) easier Self-compassion is often described as talking to yourself like a good friend. Self-compassion can be one word or a phrase: “Easy”, “Gentle”, “You’re OK”. Self-compassion can be actions: three deep breaths, asking for help or taking a break. It can also be permission not to do all the things you expect of yourself. 3 . Tone down (使······柔和) your inner critic Those of us who aim high take our commitments and our responsibilities seriously. The same attitude can extend to our own thoughts. When we think “I’m not good enough”, or “I’m falling short”, we treat them as fact. But actually, they’re just thoughts. 4 . But that doesn’t mean we have to take every thought seriously and literally. 5 Self-improvement feels good, but resist the urge to turn your leisure time into another project. You don’t have to build a skill, learn something new, or do something good for you all the time. Improvement and personal development are important, but so are pleasure and enjoyment. A. Dare to be unproductive B. Allow yourself to reflect C. Some people naturally tend to be self-critical D. You don’t have to lower your standards or be less driven E. It can tip over into unhealthy behavior if left unchecked, though F. This could mean skipping the gym for sleep when you are worn out G. We’re proud of good grades, an excellent job review or hitting our workout goals Passage 7 （25-26高二上·湖南长沙雅礼中学-11月·期中）When it comes to health tips, all too often we tend to merely search for good habits that stick. 1 . Making small changes can bring big improvements in your health and wellbeing. Here are some useful tips on how to kick bad habits. ◆ Being over-ambitious about exercise We put a lot of pressure on ourselves to keep active. 2 ? Sometimes it’s enough just to make time for a ten-minute power walk. Scientists at the universities of Cambridge and Leicester recently showed that short, intense bursts of activity are more beneficial to the heart than leisurely exercise lasting more than twice as long. ◆ Scrolling while eating Being on your phone when you eat means you’re not paying attention to your food or allowing yourself a break from that non-stop cyber chatter. Sit down to have your meal. 3 , focusing on enjoying what you’re eating. ◆ 4 Socializing helps you feel better about life. It might even sharpen your memory and help you live longer, according to some research. So make a few dates with friends and family instead of being alone all the while. ◆ Being hard on yourself 5 , it’s time to be kind to yourself. Remember, Rome wasn’t built in a day. When feeling exhausted, stop and take microbreaks—stick your head out of the window, have a coffee, read an article. You’ll resume what you’re doing feeling refreshed. Make an active effort to stay positive and congratulate yourself every day on one good thing you’ve achieved, however small. A. Being sociable B. Avoiding people C. Put your mobile out of reach and eat mindfully D. But do you need to go to the gym five days a week E. Once you have managed to achieve a long-term goal F. If you’re struggling to meet exercise goals, or to get everything done G. However, breaking bad health habits is as important as developing good ones Passage 1 （25-26高二上·湖南多校联考·期中）Reimagining history is a fascinating phenomenon in contemporary art. More and more, I realize that artists are trying to retell historical events and past figures, to reflect on the past and to offer new perspectives on our current context. Artists have taken historical figures and given them new meanings that I find inspiring. Wiley, for instance, is known for his portraits of Black men and women in poses traditionally associated with the upper class. 1 That invites me to reflect on the power in the history of art. On the other hand, Christian Boltanski reimagines history by focusing on the traces of ordinary people. His artwork, The Heart Archives, is a collection of recorded heartbeats from thousands of people around the world, stored on a remote island in Japan. Instead of focusing on grand historical events, Boltanski builds a bridge to the past through the most universal human experience. 2 3 Projects like “The Legacy of the 1960s” at the Museum of Modern Art in New York gather works from multiple artists that analyze the impact of social movements from that decade. This cooperative approach allows me to hear various voices, offering me a richer and more complex view of history. Reimagining history can also be an act of protest. Artists like Doris Salcedo address painful historical events, such as the violence in Colombia, to give voice to the forgotten victims. Through this emotional art piece, Salcedo invites audience to reflect on the pain of the past and its relevance in the present, reminding us that the past is never truly separate from the present. 4 5 Some argue that reimagining history can belittle serious events or twist historical truth. It is essential that artists, including myself, approach this process with responsibility and a critical sense. A. His work aims to portray the Black in a realistic way. B. However, I am aware reimagining is not without its criticisms. C. Reimagining successfully lead people to view history critically. D. This type of work not only honors memory but also calls for action. E. Through such poetic gestures, I feel a deep sense of shared humanity. F. Besides individual artists, collective exhibitions are key in reimagining. G. In doing so, he challenges historical accounts that ignore people of color. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·湖南长沙长郡中学-11月·期中）Everyone knows that it takes 21 days to develop a new habit. We probably owe this particular example of pop-psychology wisdom to Maxwell Maltz, the plastic surgeon who claimed to have observed that individuals who had had an arm or leg cut off took an average of only 21 days to adjust to the loss of a limb (肢体). 1 . And therefore it must take 21 days to change a habit, maybe, perhaps! 2 , as a new study by psychologist Phillippa Lally and her colleagues helps confirm. On average, her subjects, who were trying to learn new habits such as eating fruit daily or going jogging, took a depressing 66 days before reporting that the behaviour had become unchangingly automatic. 3 . It couldn’t be just as easy to start eating a few more apples as to start finding five hours a week to study Chinese. Self- help culture sticks to the fiction of the 21-day rule, probably because it makes habit change sound basically easy. 4 . Our brains are designed to take short cuts, making as many behaviours as possible automatic. “Really,” asks the psychologist Ian Newby-Clark,“ what would be the point of having a habit that didn’t free up your mind to focus on more pressing matters?” Habits are meant to be difficult to change. Another problem is that we tend to think about habit change wrongly. We want to, say, stop watching so much TV, but on the other hand, demonstrably, we also want to watch lots of TV — after all, we keep doing it. We’re stuck deep in what the Greeks called “akrasia”: deciding on the best course of action, then doing something else. 5 . Simply stop watching TV is like dealing with a leaky bathroom tap by repainting the kitchen. What’s required is an alternative way to feel relaxed and happy. Maybe by looking at the problem differently we can slip out of them. A. This is, of course, nonsense B. The 21- day rule does have some scientific basis C. We believe that habits are purely a matter of willpower D. The way round this is to see that habits are responses to needs E. Therefore, he reasoned the same must be true of all big changes F. And some habits, unsurprisingly , were harder than others to make stick G. One problem with this is discouragingly simple: changing habits is hard Passage 3 （25-26高二上·湖南湘潭湘钢一中·期中）I’ve been practising the art of detachment (超脱) for at least a year now. The aim is to be actively involved in life but less attached. Life is a series of experiences: a combination of states we go through. Where people fail is that they get attached to a state of transition and define their lives by it. They get attached to how things should be. If life doesn’t match their expectations, they get frustrated angry, depressed and even lost. 1 Detachment doesn’t mean withdrawing from life. It’s showing up with your whole self without needing to control the outcome. Psychologists talk about “secure attachment” versus “anxious attachment.” The first one allows you to connect while maintaining independence. 2 Anxious attachment creates suffering because it ties your happiness to something external. Detachment frees you to find peace within. Holding on to people, outcomes, ideas, mental states, beliefs, or an emotional state feels safe. 3 Because when you hold onto people or things, you attach your mood, expectations and fears to them. But everything is in transition. Adapt when things change. 4 It’s a tricky balance. But it works in your favour. That’s another truth I’ve learned. Life happens for its own reasons, not always for yours. People leave. Plans fall apart. Pain comes. None of these occurrences are centered on you. Life doesn’t happen to punish or reward you. It just happens. What you do with it is what matters. 5 The more you let go, the more you can actually enjoy life. Life isn’t happening to you. It’s happening through you. Let it. A. This independence is what prevents unnecessary suffering. B. That’s the pain of attachment. C. Take life seriously, but don’t take it personally. D. But it can also be your undoing or your suffering. E. Engage fully in the moment, but learn to detach from the outcome. F. It means maintaining a strong sense of self even in relationships. G. Holding onto nothing is how you transition through the realities unfolding. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $