Unit 4 The Earth 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

**基本信息** 围绕“地球”主题，构建“词汇-语法-语篇”三级训练体系，融合语言能力与环保意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |小题夯基|单词拼写(10)、语法填空(10)等|基础题型，聚焦单元核心词汇与语法|从词汇拼写（如pollute）到语法应用（如非谓语动词stop polluting），层层递进| |综合攻坚|完型(10)、阅读(10)、补全短文(5)|语篇题型，考查综合语言运用|以环保主题为线索，整合词汇语法知识，提升语篇理解与表达能力|

Unit 4 The Earth 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 参考答案 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、单词拼写。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1．action2．surface3．pollute4．continents5．recycle 6．save7．protect8．energy9．forests10．harmful 二、单句语法填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 11．southern12．less13．polluting14．divided15．is covered 16．drinking17．to keep18．importance19．pollution20．to protect 三、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 A A B C A B C B C A 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 C A B C C 四、完成句子。（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 36． Do cut 37． for us 38． How do 39． isn’t any 40． Yes I have 五、翻译下列句子。（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 41．We should try our best to save every drop of water. 42．Plastic pollution has already caused great harm to sea creatures. 43．Recycling paper is a good way to protect trees. 44．Natural resources on Earth are not endless. 45．The government is making rules to reduce air pollution. 46．Cutting down too many trees can lead to soil loss. 47．We should recycle plastic bottles to reduce pollution. 48．Many wild animals are in great danger now. 49．Saving water is an easy way to protect the earth. 50．We must take action to stop air pollution. 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、完型填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 二、阅读理解。（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 11．A 12．B 13．B 14．D 15．C 16．B 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．A 三、补全短文。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 21．B 22．C 23．F 24．A 25．D 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 The Earth 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 1、 单词拼写。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1．We must take ________ (行动) to stop people from cutting down too many trees. 2．About 70 percent of the Earth’s ________ (表面) is covered with water. 3．Don’t ________ (污染) the lake, or the living things in it will be in danger. 4．Among the seven ________ (大洲), Africa is the second largest. 5．It’s wise to ________ (回收) glass bottles to make new ones. 6．—Let’s ________ (节约) water by turning off the tap when we brush our teeth. —That’s a good idea. 7．We should try our best to ________ (保护) the Earth from pollution. 8．Coal and oil are non-renewable ________ (能源). We can’t use them up carelessly. 9．Cutting down too many ________ (森林) will make the Earth get warmer. 10．It’s ________ (有害的) to throw plastic bags into the river. 二、单句语法填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 11．The ________ (south) part of China is usually warmer in winter. 12．If we don’t save water, there will be ________ (little) fresh water for us to drink. 13．People should stop ________ (pollute) the rivers with chemical waste. 14．Last week, our teacher ________ (divide) our class into four groups for the project. 15．After the rain, the whole mountain __________ (cover) with green trees and colourful flowers. 16．In some poor areas, people still don’t have enough safe ________ (drink) water. 17．It’s our duty ________ (keep) the Earth clean and beautiful for future generations. 18．Everyone should realize the ________ (important) of saving natural resources. 19．The ________ (pollute) from factories makes the air dirty and unhealthy. 20．We are trying our best ________ (protect) the endangered animals on Earth. 三、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 21．We should ________ the Earth because it’s our only home. A．protect B．pollute C．waste D．destroy 22．Most of the Earth’s surface is ________ by water. A．covered B．taken C．filled D．placed 23．________ is a serious problem that makes the air, water or land dirty. A．Resource B．Pollution C．Forest D．Ocean 24．People used to cut down too many trees, but now they try to ________ more forests. A．reduce B．destroy C．plant D．waste 25．We can ________ plastic bottles to make new things instead of throwing them away. A．recycle B．waste C．pollute D．damage 26．There are not enough natural ________ left if we keep wasting them. A．sources B．resources C．materials D．products 27．The Earth is one of the ________ in the solar system. A．stars B．moons C．planets D．suns 28．________ of the Earth’s fresh water is in glaciers and ice caps. A．Much B．Most C．Few D．Little 29．Many animals lose their homes because people ________ their living areas. A．protect B．build C．destroy D．save 30．My grandma told me that there ________ more clean rivers in our hometown when she was young. A．used to be B．used to have C．was used to be D．was used to having 31．We have to stop ________ too much water every day. A．waste B．to waste C．wasting D．wasted 32．If we don’t take action, more and more species will ________ out in the future. A．die B．go C．take D．put 33．The government has made laws to ________ people from cutting down trees illegally. A．allow B．prevent C．make D．let 34．________ is important for us to learn how to live in harmony with nature. A．This B．That C．It D．What 35．Look! The river is so dirty because some factories ________ waste water into it. A．poured B．pour C．are pouring D．have poured 四、完成句子。（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 36．People cut down thousands of trees every year. (改为一般疑问句) ________ people ________ down thousands of trees every year? 37．The earth provides us with enough resources. (改为同义句) The earth provides enough resources ________ ________. 38．We save water by fixing broken taps. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ we save water? 39．There is some rubbish on the beach. (改为否定句) There ___________ __________ rubbish on the beach. 40．Have you ever planted a tree on Earth Day? (作肯定回答) ________, ________ ________. 五、翻译下列句子。（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 41．我们应该尽力节约每一滴水。 _______________________________________________________________ 42．塑料污染已经对海洋生物造成了巨大伤害。 _______________________________________________________________ 43．回收纸张是保护树木的好方法。 _______________________________________________________________ 44．地球上的自然资源并不是无穷无尽的。 _______________________________________________________________ 45．政府正在制定规则来减少空气污染。 _______________________________________________________________ 46．砍伐太多树木会导致土壤流失。 ______________________________________________________________________ 47．我们应该回收塑料瓶来减少污染。 ______________________________________________________________________ 48．很多野生动物现在处于极大的危险中。 ______________________________________________________________________ 49．节约用水是保护地球的一种简单方式。 ______________________________________________________________________ 50．我们必须采取行动阻止空气污染。 ______________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、完型填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读短文，掌握大意，从 A、B、C、D 中选择最佳选项。 Our Earth is a beautiful and amazing planet. It is home to 1 of plants and animals. There are high mountains, deep oceans, green forests and large deserts. The Earth 2 us with everything we need: food, water, air and energy. However, the Earth is in 3 now. There is more and more plastic pollution in the sea. Many trees are 4 down. The air in some cities is 5 because of too many cars and factories. What’s 6 , global warming makes the weather strange. We must do something to 7 our Earth. First, we should stop 8 rubbish into rivers and oceans. Second, we can plant more trees and save energy at home. 9 , we can ask more people to join us. Let’s work together to make the Earth a 10 place to live. 1．A．million B．millions C．hundred D．thousand 2．A．gives B．shows C．provides D．offers 3．A．danger B．safe C．joy D．peace 4．A．cut B．cutting C．to cut D．cuts 5．A．clean B．fresh C．harmful D．nice 6．A．many B．more C．most D．much 7．A．love B．visit C．protect D．watch 8．A．throw B．throwing C．to throw D．threw 9．A．Finally B．First C．Second D．Usually 10．A．worse B．bigger C．better D．smaller 2、 阅读理解。（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） A Here at Nature Loving Kids, we know how much you want to make a positive difference to our world! So click on the link to find out how to protect the Earth. Save energy and water! ▲On a fine and clear day, hang things outside to dry. This saves energy that would have been used on the dryer (烘干机). ▲If you can, try cycling, walking, or using public transport to set out instead of using the car. ▲Turn the taps off while brushing your teeth, and take short showers of ten minutes or less! Be friendly to wildlife! ▲Make your garden wildlife friendly. You could build a bee hotel, or even create a pool. ▲If you own a cat that goes outdoors, put a bell around its neck so that vulnerable (易受攻击的) wildlife can hear it coming and make their escape (逃脱)! Be an advocate (倡导者)! Share your knowledge with others, and help them become eco-heroes too. It takes lots of people working together to make changes happen. So share, share and share! Reduce, reuse, recycle! Before you throw something away, stop and think about what else it could be used for. 11．To save energy or water, you’d better ________. A．dry things in the sun B．drive a car to work C．take long showers D．brush teeth with water running 12．To call on more people to work together, you should ________. A．save energy and water B．be an advocate C．reduce, reuse and recycle D．be friendly to wildlife 13．How many pieces of advice are mentioned to protect the Earth? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 14．The purpose of the passage is to ________. A．help kids learn English B．help people learn more about kids C．teach kids how to keep animals D．tell kids how to protect the Earth 15．This passage probably comes from a ________. A．notebook B．science book C．website D．magazine B The Earth gives us many valuable things, but we are using them up too quickly. Natural resources are materials from the Earth that we need to live, like water, oil, and forests. Water is one of the most important resources. About 97% of the Earth’s water is salt water in oceans, which we can’t drink directly. Only 3% is fresh water, and most of that is locked in glaciers and ice. So we must save every drop of clean water. Forests are also important. They give us wood, clean air, and homes for animals. But people cut down millions of trees every year for paper and buildings. This causes soil erosion and makes the air less clean. Oil is another valuable resource. We use it for cars, planes, and making plastic. But oil is a non-renewable resource, which means it can’t be replaced once it’s used up. Scientists are trying to find new energy sources, like solar and wind power, to replace oil. We must learn to use resources wisely. Recycling, planting trees, and saving water are small ways we can help protect the Earth. 16．How much of the Earth’s water is fresh water? A．97%. B．3%. C．71%. D．29%. 17．What is NOT a natural resource mentioned in the passage? A．Water. B．Oil. C．Plastic. D．Forests. 18．What does “non-renewable” mean in the passage? A．Can be made again quickly. B．Can’t be replaced once used up. C．Is easy to find. D．Is very cheap. 19．What can we do to protect the Earth according to the passage? A．Cut down more trees. B．Waste more water. C．Recycle things. D．Use more oil. 20．What is the main idea of the passage? A．We should protect and use natural resources wisely. B．Oil is the most important natural resource. C．Most of the Earth’s water is salt water. D．Forests provide homes for animals. 三、补全短文。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 The Earth is our precious home. We live, study and grow on it. 21 However, our Earth is getting sick now. People pollute the air and water. 22 Many wild animals lose their homes. We must do something to save our Earth. 23 We can save water and electricity in daily life. 24 We can also plant more trees to green our planet. Small actions can change the world. 25 Let’s protect our Earth together. A．We can use reusable things instead of plastics. B．It provides us with all we need for life. C．People also cut down too many trees. D．Protecting the Earth is our common duty. E．The Earth is becoming more and more beautiful. F．Everyone can do simple things to help. 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 The Earth 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 1、 单词拼写。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1．We must take ________ (行动) to stop people from cutting down too many trees. 2．About 70 percent of the Earth’s ________ (表面) is covered with water. 3．Don’t ________ (污染) the lake, or the living things in it will be in danger. 4．Among the seven ________ (大洲), Africa is the second largest. 5．It’s wise to ________ (回收) glass bottles to make new ones. 6．—Let’s ________ (节约) water by turning off the tap when we brush our teeth. —That’s a good idea. 7．We should try our best to ________ (保护) the Earth from pollution. 8．Coal and oil are non-renewable ________ (能源). We can’t use them up carelessly. 9．Cutting down too many ________ (森林) will make the Earth get warmer. 10．It’s ________ (有害的) to throw plastic bags into the river. 二、单句语法填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 11．The ________ (south) part of China is usually warmer in winter. 12．If we don’t save water, there will be ________ (little) fresh water for us to drink. 13．People should stop ________ (pollute) the rivers with chemical waste. 14．Last week, our teacher ________ (divide) our class into four groups for the project. 15．After the rain, the whole mountain __________ (cover) with green trees and colourful flowers. 16．In some poor areas, people still don’t have enough safe ________ (drink) water. 17．It’s our duty ________ (keep) the Earth clean and beautiful for future generations. 18．Everyone should realize the ________ (important) of saving natural resources. 19．The ________ (pollute) from factories makes the air dirty and unhealthy. 20．We are trying our best ________ (protect) the endangered animals on Earth. 三、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 21．We should ________ the Earth because it’s our only home. A．protect B．pollute C．waste D．destroy 22．Most of the Earth’s surface is ________ by water. A．covered B．taken C．filled D．placed 23．________ is a serious problem that makes the air, water or land dirty. A．Resource B．Pollution C．Forest D．Ocean 24．People used to cut down too many trees, but now they try to ________ more forests. A．reduce B．destroy C．plant D．waste 25．We can ________ plastic bottles to make new things instead of throwing them away. A．recycle B．waste C．pollute D．damage 26．There are not enough natural ________ left if we keep wasting them. A．sources B．resources C．materials D．products 27．The Earth is one of the ________ in the solar system. A．stars B．moons C．planets D．suns 28．________ of the Earth’s fresh water is in glaciers and ice caps. A．Much B．Most C．Few D．Little 29．Many animals lose their homes because people ________ their living areas. A．protect B．build C．destroy D．save 30．My grandma told me that there ________ more clean rivers in our hometown when she was young. A．used to be B．used to have C．was used to be D．was used to having 31．We have to stop ________ too much water every day. A．waste B．to waste C．wasting D．wasted 32．If we don’t take action, more and more species will ________ out in the future. A．die B．go C．take D．put 33．The government has made laws to ________ people from cutting down trees illegally. A．allow B．prevent C．make D．let 34．________ is important for us to learn how to live in harmony with nature. A．This B．That C．It D．What 35．Look! The river is so dirty because some factories ________ waste water into it. A．poured B．pour C．are pouring D．have poured 四、完成句子。（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 36．People cut down thousands of trees every year. (改为一般疑问句) ________ people ________ down thousands of trees every year? 37．The earth provides us with enough resources. (改为同义句) The earth provides enough resources ________ ________. 38．We save water by fixing broken taps. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ we save water? 39．There is some rubbish on the beach. (改为否定句) There ___________ __________ rubbish on the beach. 40．Have you ever planted a tree on Earth Day? (作肯定回答) ________, ________ ________. 五、翻译下列句子。（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 41．我们应该尽力节约每一滴水。 _______________________________________________________________ 42．塑料污染已经对海洋生物造成了巨大伤害。 _______________________________________________________________ 43．回收纸张是保护树木的好方法。 _______________________________________________________________ 44．地球上的自然资源并不是无穷无尽的。 _______________________________________________________________ 45．政府正在制定规则来减少空气污染。 _______________________________________________________________ 46．砍伐太多树木会导致土壤流失。 ______________________________________________________________________ 47．我们应该回收塑料瓶来减少污染。 ______________________________________________________________________ 48．很多野生动物现在处于极大的危险中。 ______________________________________________________________________ 49．节约用水是保护地球的一种简单方式。 ______________________________________________________________________ 50．我们必须采取行动阻止空气污染。 ______________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、完型填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读短文，掌握大意，从 A、B、C、D 中选择最佳选项。 Our Earth is a beautiful and amazing planet. It is home to 1 of plants and animals. There are high mountains, deep oceans, green forests and large deserts. The Earth 2 us with everything we need: food, water, air and energy. However, the Earth is in 3 now. There is more and more plastic pollution in the sea. Many trees are 4 down. The air in some cities is 5 because of too many cars and factories. What’s 6 , global warming makes the weather strange. We must do something to 7 our Earth. First, we should stop 8 rubbish into rivers and oceans. Second, we can plant more trees and save energy at home. 9 , we can ask more people to join us. Let’s work together to make the Earth a 10 place to live. 1．A．million B．millions C．hundred D．thousand 2．A．gives B．shows C．provides D．offers 3．A．danger B．safe C．joy D．peace 4．A．cut B．cutting C．to cut D．cuts 5．A．clean B．fresh C．harmful D．nice 6．A．many B．more C．most D．much 7．A．love B．visit C．protect D．watch 8．A．throw B．throwing C．to throw D．threw 9．A．Finally B．First C．Second D．Usually 10．A．worse B．bigger C．better D．smaller 2、 阅读理解。（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） A Here at Nature Loving Kids, we know how much you want to make a positive difference to our world! So click on the link to find out how to protect the Earth. Save energy and water! ▲On a fine and clear day, hang things outside to dry. This saves energy that would have been used on the dryer (烘干机). ▲If you can, try cycling, walking, or using public transport to set out instead of using the car. ▲Turn the taps off while brushing your teeth, and take short showers of ten minutes or less! Be friendly to wildlife! ▲Make your garden wildlife friendly. You could build a bee hotel, or even create a pool. ▲If you own a cat that goes outdoors, put a bell around its neck so that vulnerable (易受攻击的) wildlife can hear it coming and make their escape (逃脱)! Be an advocate (倡导者)! Share your knowledge with others, and help them become eco-heroes too. It takes lots of people working together to make changes happen. So share, share and share! Reduce, reuse, recycle! Before you throw something away, stop and think about what else it could be used for. 11．To save energy or water, you’d better ________. A．dry things in the sun B．drive a car to work C．take long showers D．brush teeth with water running 12．To call on more people to work together, you should ________. A．save energy and water B．be an advocate C．reduce, reuse and recycle D．be friendly to wildlife 13．How many pieces of advice are mentioned to protect the Earth? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 14．The purpose of the passage is to ________. A．help kids learn English B．help people learn more about kids C．teach kids how to keep animals D．tell kids how to protect the Earth 15．This passage probably comes from a ________. A．notebook B．science book C．website D．magazine B The Earth gives us many valuable things, but we are using them up too quickly. Natural resources are materials from the Earth that we need to live, like water, oil, and forests. Water is one of the most important resources. About 97% of the Earth’s water is salt water in oceans, which we can’t drink directly. Only 3% is fresh water, and most of that is locked in glaciers and ice. So we must save every drop of clean water. Forests are also important. They give us wood, clean air, and homes for animals. But people cut down millions of trees every year for paper and buildings. This causes soil erosion and makes the air less clean. Oil is another valuable resource. We use it for cars, planes, and making plastic. But oil is a non-renewable resource, which means it can’t be replaced once it’s used up. Scientists are trying to find new energy sources, like solar and wind power, to replace oil. We must learn to use resources wisely. Recycling, planting trees, and saving water are small ways we can help protect the Earth. 16．How much of the Earth’s water is fresh water? A．97%. B．3%. C．71%. D．29%. 17．What is NOT a natural resource mentioned in the passage? A．Water. B．Oil. C．Plastic. D．Forests. 18．What does “non-renewable” mean in the passage? A．Can be made again quickly. B．Can’t be replaced once used up. C．Is easy to find. D．Is very cheap. 19．What can we do to protect the Earth according to the passage? A．Cut down more trees. B．Waste more water. C．Recycle things. D．Use more oil. 20．What is the main idea of the passage? A．We should protect and use natural resources wisely. B．Oil is the most important natural resource. C．Most of the Earth’s water is salt water. D．Forests provide homes for animals. 三、补全短文。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 The Earth is our precious home. We live, study and grow on it. 21 However, our Earth is getting sick now. People pollute the air and water. 22 Many wild animals lose their homes. We must do something to save our Earth. 23 We can save water and electricity in daily life. 24 We can also plant more trees to green our planet. Small actions can change the world. 25 Let’s protect our Earth together. A．We can use reusable things instead of plastics. B．It provides us with all we need for life. C．People also cut down too many trees. D．Protecting the Earth is our common duty. E．The Earth is becoming more and more beautiful. F．Everyone can do simple things to help. 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 小题夯基·精准突破 参考答案： 1．action 【详解】句意：我们必须采取行动阻止人们砍伐过多树木。中文“行动”对应的英文是action，take action to do sth“采取行动做某事”，是固定短语。 2．surface 【详解】句意：地球表面大约70%被水覆盖。根据汉语提示可知，surface“表面”，名词。此处特指地球的表面，用单数形式。 3．pollute 【详解】句意：不要污染这个湖，否则里面的生物会有危险的。本空缺少谓语动词，pollute意为“污染”，祈使句Don’t后面要接动词原形。 4．continents 【详解】句意：在七大洲中，非洲是第二大洲。continent“大洲”，是可数名词，由前面的seven可知，此处应用复数形式。 5．recycle 【详解】句意：回收玻璃瓶来制造新瓶子是明智的。根据括号内提示的中文含义“回收”，且空格前为固定句型“It’s wise to do sth.”（做某事是明智的），此处需要填入动词原形，对应的表示“回收（玻璃、塑料等可循环资源）”的英文动词为recycle。 6．save 【详解】句意：——让我们通过刷牙时关掉水龙头来节约用水吧。——好主意。save“节约”，动词，根据固定搭配let’s do sth.“让我们做某事吧”可知，此处save用原形。 7．protect 【详解】句意：我们应该尽最大努力保护地球不受污染。“保护”对应的动词是protect，此处为固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，to后面需要接动词原形，所以直接填protect即可。 8．energy 【详解】句意：煤和石油是不可再生能源。我们不能随意耗尽它们。“能源”对应的名词是energy，它是不可数名词，non‑renewable energy意为“不可再生能源”。 9．forests 【详解】句意：砍伐过多森林会让地球变暖。“森林”对应的名词为forest，空格前的too many意为“太多”，后面需要接可数名词的复数形式，forest的复数是forests。 10．harmful 【详解】句意：把塑料袋扔进河里是有害的。harmful“有害的”，形容词，固定搭配be harmful to意为“对……有害”。 11．southern 【详解】句意：中国南部地区冬天通常更温暖。空格后面是名词part，需要用形容词来修饰名词。south是名词，意为“南方“，它的形容词形式为southern，表示“南部的”。 12．less 【详解】句意：如果我们不节约用水，可供我们饮用的淡水将会更少。根据“If we don’t save water, there will be…fresh water”可知，此处暗含与现在比较之意，应用little的比较级less。 13．polluting 【详解】句意：人们应该停止用化学废料污染河流。固定搭配stop doing sth.，表示停止正在做的事情，pollute的动名词形式为polluting，故填polluting。 14．divided 【详解】句意：上周，我们的老师为这个项目把我们班分成了四个小组。时间状语Last week表示过去的时间，句子要用一般过去时，divide的过去式为divided。 15．is covered 【详解】句意：雨后，整座山都被绿树和五颜六色的鲜花覆盖了。句子主语the whole mountain（整座山）是动作cover（覆盖）的承受者，二者是被动关系，即“山被覆盖”，因此需要使用被动语态，被动语态的基本结构为be+过去分词，cover的过去分词形式为covered。语境描述的是“雨后”山呈现出的客观状态，可以用一般现在时体现这一雨后的常态景象，对应be动词选用is，应填is covered。 16．drinking 【详解】句意：在一些贫困地区，人们仍然没有足够的安全饮用水。空格修饰后面的名词“water”，要用动名词作定语drink的动名词形式drinking，drinking water意为“饮用水”，因此填drinking。 17．to keep 【详解】句意：为子孙后代保持地球的清洁和美丽是我们的责任。“It’s one’s duty to do sth.”是固定句型，意思是“做某事是某人的责任”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式结构，应填不定式to keep。 18．importance 【详解】句意：每个人都应该认识到节约自然资源的重要性。根据“the”及“of saving”提示，需填名词作宾语。important的名词形式是importance“重要性”，为不可数名词。 19．pollution 【详解】句意：来自工厂的污染使空气又脏又不健康。定冠词The后面需要接名词作句子主语，pollute是动词，意为“污染”，它的名词形式为pollution，表示“污染”。 20．to protect 【详解】句意：我们正在尽最大努力保护地球上的濒危动物。try one’s best to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，此处应填不定式to protect。 21．A 【详解】句意：我们应该保护地球，因为它是我们唯一的家园。 protect保护；pollute污染；waste浪费；destroy破坏。根据“because it’s our only home”可知，地球是人类唯一的家园，我们应该保护它，protect符合语境。 22．A 【详解】句意：地球表面的大部分被水覆盖。 covered覆盖；taken拿走；filled装满；placed放置。根据句意及地理常识可知，地球表面是被水覆盖的，此处考查固定搭配be covered by，意为“被……覆盖”。 23．B 【详解】句意：污染是一个严重的问题，它使空气、水或土地变得肮脏。 Resource资源；Pollution污染；Forest森林；Ocean海洋。根据“makes the air, water or land dirty”可知，使空气、水或土地变脏的是污染，应填Pollution。 24．C 【详解】句意：人们过去砍伐了太多的树木，但现在他们尝试营造更多的森林。 reduce减少；destroy破坏；plant种植；waste浪费。根据前半句“used to cut down too many trees”及转折词“but”可知，现在的行为应与过去相反，过去是砍树，现在应该是植树，应填plant。 25．A 【详解】句意：我们可以回收利用塑料瓶来制作新东西，而不是把它们扔掉。 recycle回收利用；waste浪费；pollute污染；damage损坏。根据“to make new things instead of throwing them away”可知，为了制作新东西而不扔掉，应该是回收利用塑料瓶，应填recycle。 26．B 【详解】句意：如果我们继续浪费它们，就没有足够的自然资源剩下了。 sources来源；resources资源；materials材料；products产品。根据“natural”及语境可知，此处指“自然资源”，固定搭配为natural resources。 27．C 【详解】句意：地球是太阳系中的行星之一。 stars恒星；moons卫星；planets行星；suns太阳。根据科学常识可知地球是太阳系中的一颗行星。应填planets。 28．B 【详解】句意：地球上的大部分淡水都存在于冰川和冰盖中。 Much许多；Most大多数；Few很少；Little很少。fresh water是不可数名词，且根据常识及语境，“大部分”淡水存在于冰川和冰盖中，Most of意为“……中的大多数”，符合句意。 29．C 【详解】句意：许多动物失去了家园，因为人们破坏了它们的生存区域。 protect保护；build建造；destroy破坏；save拯救。根据“Many animals lose their homes”可知动物失去了家园，推测出是人们破坏了生存区域导致的，应填destroy。 30．A 【详解】句意：我奶奶告诉我，当她年轻的时候，我们家乡曾经有更多的干净河流。 used to后接动词原形，表示“过去曾经”；be used to后接动名词，表示“习惯于”。本句是there be句型，表示“某地存在某物”，此处指过去曾经存在，应用there used to be结构。 31．C 【详解】句意：我们必须停止每天浪费太多的水。 stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做某事”。此句表达要停止浪费水这一行为，应用wasting。 32．A 【详解】句意：如果我们不采取行动，越来越多的物种将在未来灭绝。 die out灭绝；go out外出；take out取出；put out扑灭。根据“If we don’t take action”及“species”可知，如果不采取行动，物种将会灭绝，应填die。 33．B 【详解】句意：政府已经制定了法律来阻止人们非法砍伐树木。 allow允许；prevent阻止；make使/让；let让。根据“made laws”和“illegally”可知，制定法律是为了禁止非法行为。prevent sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。 34．C 【详解】句意：学会如何与自然和谐相处对我们来说很重要。 This这；That那；It它；What什么。根据“...is important for us to learn...”可知，此处是“It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”句型，It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。 35．C 【详解】句意：看！这条河如此脏，因为一些工厂正在往里面排放废水。 poured倾倒，动词过去式；pour倾倒，动词原形；are pouring正在倾倒，现在进行时；have poured已经倾倒，现在完成时。根据句首“Look!”可知，提示动作此时此刻正在发生，应用现在进行时，应填are pouring。 36． Do cut 【详解】句意：人们每年砍伐成千上万棵树。本句为一般现在时，主语people是复数，变一般疑问句需要借助助动词Do，后面谓语动词用原形cut。 37． for us 【详解】句意：地球为我们提供充足的资源。“provide sb. with sth.”与“provide sth. for sb.”含义相同，都表示“为某人提供某物”。应填for；us。 38． How do 【详解】句意：我们通过修理坏掉的水龙头来节约用水。划线部分“by fixing broken taps”是方式，要用疑问词How提问；本句为一般现在时，主语we是复数，变问句要用助动词do。 39． isn’t any 【详解】句意：海滩上有一些垃圾。此句是there be句型，肯定句变否定只需在be后加not。some和any意为“一些”时，some用于肯定句，any用于否定和疑问句中，改为否定句，要把原句中some改为any。故填isn’t；any。 40． Yes I have 【详解】句意：你曾经在地球日种过树吗？本句是现在完成时的一般疑问句，以Have you开头，肯定回答用Yes, I have。 41．We should try our best to save every drop of water. 【详解】“我们应该尽力节约每一滴水。”可译为“We should try our best to save every drop of water.”。“我们”表达为we，作句子主语，位于句首，首字母大写，“应该”情态动词，表达为should；“尽力”固定短语，表达为try one’s best，因主语为We，one’s变为our，try our best后接动词不定式to do；“节约”动词，表达为save；“每一滴水”名词短语，表达为every drop of water。 42．Plastic pollution has already caused great harm to sea creatures. 【详解】“塑料污染已经对海洋生物造成了巨大伤害”译为Plastic pollution has already caused great harm to sea creatures。“塑料污染”译为plastic pollution，“已经……造成了”译为has already caused，分析句子时态为现在完成时，“巨大伤害”译为great harm，“对海洋生物”译为to sea creatures，固定搭配cause harm to。 43．Recycling paper is a good way to protect trees. 【详解】“回收纸张是保护树木的好方法。”译为“Recycling paper is a good way to protect trees.”，本句陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时。“回收纸张”译为Recycling paper，在句中作主语，需用动名词短语；主语视为单数，系动词“是”表达为is；“做某事的好方法”用固定搭配a good way to do sth，不定式to do作后置定语修饰way，“保护树木”译为protect trees，所以“保护树木的好方法”表达为a good way to protect trees。 44．Natural resources on Earth are not endless. 【详解】“地球上的自然资源并不是无穷无尽的。”译为Natural resources on Earth are not endless。“地球”译为“Earth”；“自然资源”译为“natural resources”；“并不是”译为“not”；“无穷无尽的”译为“endless”。本句陈述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语resources为复数，be动词用are。 45．The government is making rules to reduce air pollution. 【详解】“政府正在制定规则来减少空气污染。”可译为“The government is making rules to reduce air pollution.”。结合中文句意可知，本句时态为现在进行时，结构为am/is/are+动词的现在分词，“政府”表达为government；此处表特指，故用the government，作句子主语，位于句首，首字母大写，“制定”表达为make，主语为单数，“正在制定”表达为is making，“规则”表达为rules，用复数形式表泛指；“来减少”表达为to reduce，动词不定式表目的；“空气污染”表达为air pollution。 46．Cutting down too many trees can lead to soil loss. 【详解】“砍伐太多树木会导致土壤流失。”译为“Cutting down too many trees can lead to soil loss.”。本句中“砍伐（树木）”译为cut down，动名词短语Cutting down too many trees在句中作主语；“太多”译为too many，修饰可数名词复数trees；“会”译为can，是情态动词，后接动词原形；“导致”译为lead to，作谓语；“土壤流失”译为soil loss，作lead to的宾语。 47．We should recycle plastic bottles to reduce pollution. 【详解】“我们应该回收塑料瓶来减少污染。”译为We should recycle plastic bottles to reduce pollution. “我们”译为We，在句中充当主语；“应该”用情态动词should表达，后面接动词原形；“回收”译为recycle；“塑料瓶”译为plastic bottles，作recycle的宾语；“来减少污染”用to reduce pollution表达，动词不定式在句中作目的状语；“减少”译为reduce；“污染”译为pollution，不可数名词，作reduce的宾语。 48．Many wild animals are in great danger now. 【详解】“很多野生动物现在处于极大的危险中。”译为“Many wild animals are in great danger now.”。本句为主系表结构，“很多”译为Many，修饰可数名词复数；“野生动物”译为wild animals，在句中充当主语，为复数形式，be动词用are；题干指定短语“处于危险中”用in danger表达；“极大的”译为great，形容词修饰名词danger；“现在”译为now，在句中作时间状语。 49．Saving water is an easy way to protect the earth. 【详解】“节约用水是保护地球的一种简单方式。”译为Saving water is an easy way to protect the earth.本句描述客观事实，用一般现在时；“节约用水”译为save water，此处需用动名词形式Saving water作主语；动名词短语作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，be动词用is；“一种简单方式”译为an easy way，作表语；“保护地球”用to protect the earth，动词不定式作后置定语，修饰way，表示“做某事的方式”。 50．We must take action to stop air pollution. 【详解】“我们必须采取行动阻止空气污染。”译为We must take action to stop air pollution. “我们”译为We，在句中充当主语；“必须”用情态动词must表达，后面接动词原形；“采取行动”用take action表达，作谓语；“阻止”用to stop表达，动词不定式作目的状语；“空气污染”译为air pollution，不可数名词短语，作stop的宾语。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了地球的美丽与资源，指出地球正面临污染和破坏的危险，呼吁人们采取行动保护地球，共建美好家园。 【详解】1．句意：它是数百万动植物的家园。 根据“of plants and animals”可知，此处表示概数，需用复数形式加of，millions of意为“数百万的”，符合地球生物多样性语境；million“百万”、hundred“百”、thousand“千”均不符合。 2．句意：地球为我们提供我们所需要的一切：食物、水、空气和能源。 根据“us with everything”可知，固定搭配“provide sb. with sth.”意为“为某人提供某物”，符合语境；gives“给”、shows“展示”、offers“主动提供”均不符合。 3．句意：然而，地球现在处于危险中。 根据下文污染和砍伐树木可知，地球处境糟糕，in danger“处于危险中”符合语境；safe“安全的”、joy“快乐”、peace“和平”均不符合。 4．句意：许多树被砍倒了。 根据“are... down”可知，此处是被动语态，需用过去分词，cut的过去分词仍是cut。 5．句意：由于太多汽车和工厂，一些城市里的空气是有害的。 根据“because of too many cars and factories”可知，汽车和工厂导致空气污染，空气变得有害，harmful“有害的”符合污染语境；clean“干净的”、fresh“新鲜的”，nice“美好的”均不符合。 6．句意：此外，全球变暖使天气变得奇怪。 “What’s more”是固定短语，意为“此外/更重要的是”，用于递进说明另一个问题，符合语境；many“许多”、most“大多数”、much“许多”均不符合。 7．句意：我们必须做些事来保护我们的地球。 根据全文主旨及下文具体措施可知，目的是保护地球，protect“保护”，符合文本保护环境主旨；love“热爱”、visit“参观”，watch“观看”均不符合。 8．句意：首先，我们应该停止向河流和海洋扔垃圾。 “stop doing sth.”意为“停止做某事”，此处指停止扔垃圾这一行为，throwing符合语境；stop to do sth指“停下来去做另一件事”，本句要停止扔垃圾，使用动名词throwing；throw动词原形，to throw动词不定式，threw动词过去式，均不符合。 9．句意：最后，我们可以邀请更多人加入。 根据前文First和Second可知，此处列举最后一条建议，Finally“最后”，符合顺序逻辑；First“首先”，Second“第二”、Usually“通常”均不符合。 10．句意：让我们共同努力，让地球成为一个更适宜居住的更好的地方。 根据“work together”及保护地球的目的可知，目的是让地球变得更好，better“更好的”符合语境；worse“更差的”、bigger“更大的”、smaller“更小的”均不符合。 11．A 12．B 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是一个网站提供的关于如何保护地球的方法。 【详解】11．细节理解题。根据“Save energy and water!”中的“On a fine and clear day, hang things outside to dry. This saves energy that would have been used on the dryer.”可知，在阳光下晾晒东西可以节约能源或水。故选A。 12．细节理解题。根据“Be an advocate!”中的“Share your knowledge with others, and help them become eco-heroes too. It takes lots of people working together to make changes happen.”可知，为了号召更多的人一起工作，你应该成为一名倡导者。故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据“Save energy and water!”，“Be friendly to wildlife!”，“Be an advocate!”和“Reduce, reuse, recycle!”可知，本文一共给出了四条建议。故选B。 14．主旨大意题。根据“Here at Nature Loving Kids, we know how much you want to make a positive difference to our world! So click on the link to find out how to protect the Earth.””可知，这篇文章的目的是告诉孩子们如何保护地球。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据“So click on the link to find out how to protect the Earth.”可知，点击链接即可阅读，因此本文可能是网上的一篇文章。故选C。 16．B 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地球上的各类宝贵自然资源，点明当前人类过度消耗资源的现状，呼吁人们明智利用资源、保护地球。 【详解】16．根据第二段“Only 3% is fresh water, and most of that is locked in glaciers and ice.”可知，地球上的淡水只占3%。 17．根据第一段“Natural resources are materials from the Earth that we need to live, like water, oil, and forests.”可知，水、油、森林是自然资源，而塑料是用油制成的产品，并非文中提到的自然资源。 18．根据第四段“But oil is a non-renewable resource, which means it can’t be replaced once it’s used up.”可知，“non-renewable”的含义是一旦耗尽就无法被替代。 19．根据最后一段“Recycling, planting trees, and saving water are small ways we can help protect the Earth.”可知，回收利用是保护地球的措施之一。 20．全文围绕地球的各类自然资源展开，最终点明核心主旨是人类应当保护自然资源、以明智的方式利用资源。 21．B 22．C 23．F 24．A 25．D 【导语】本文主要讲述地球遭人类破坏，呼吁大家从小事行动共同保护地球。 【详解】21．前句点明地球是我们珍贵的家园，我们在上面生活、学习、成长。此处需要承接介绍地球对我们的作用，B项“It provides us with all we need for life.”说明地球供给我们生存所需的一切，前后语义连贯自然。 22．前文讲述地球生病，人类污染空气和水源，后句说明很多野生动物失去家园。此处需要补充人类破坏环境的另一行为，C项“People also cut down too many trees.”中also承接前文污染行为，砍伐树木正是动物失去栖息地的原因，逻辑通顺。 23．前句提出我们必须行动拯救地球，后句列举日常生活节水节电的具体做法。此处起到总起下文各类小事的过渡作用，F项“Everyone can do simple things to help.”引出普通人能做的简单环保举措，完美衔接后文举例。 24．前文给出节水节电的环保做法，后文用also引出种树的办法。此处需要补充另一项日常环保行动，A项“We can use reusable things instead of plastics.”是和节水、种树并列的环保小事，句式一致、衔接顺畅。 25．前句说明微小行动能改变世界，后句呼吁我们一起保护地球。此处需要升华主旨、点明责任，D项“Protecting the Earth is our common duty.”点明保护地球是所有人共同的责任，承接前文行动、引出文末号召。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $