Unit 3 Conservation 语法 限定性&非限定性定语从句导学案-2026-2027学年北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册

该高中英语导学案聚焦Unit3 Conservation中的限定性与非限定性定语从句，通过核心概念对比、关系词用法详解及高考特殊规则梳理，搭建从基础区分（如标点、that使用）到进阶应用（指代整句、as句型）的学习支架，衔接初中定语从句知识，助力学生系统掌握语法要点。 资料以环保主题为载体设计例句与练习，融合文化意识中的生态责任，通过填空、改写、汉译英及短文填空的梯度训练，提升语言能力（语法理解与表达）和思维品质（分析对比），解题口诀强化记忆，高考考点突出，有效培养学生的学习能力与应试技巧。

Unit3 Conservation语法讲解与练习 语法：限定性&非限定性定语从句详细讲解 （一）核心概念总述 1. 限定性定语从句 对先行词进行必要、不可缺少的限定修饰，用来区分范围、明确指代，去掉后主句意思不完整。无逗号，紧密依附先行词。 例句1：Animals that live in the wild are facing serious threats. （生活在野外的动物正面临严重威胁） 例句2：The measures we take now will protect future ecosystems. （我们现在采取的措施将保护未来的生态系统） 2. 非限定性定语从句 对先行词进行补充、附加说明，不限制范围，只增添信息，去掉后主句意思依然完整。必须加逗号，与主句关系松散。 例句1：Many rhinos are endangered, which requires immediate protection. （许多犀牛濒临灭绝，这需要立刻保护） 例句2：The wetland, which provides habitats for birds, is well preserved. （这片湿地为鸟类提供栖息地，保护得很好） （二）限定性定语从句 精讲（无逗号） 关系词：who/whom/which/that/whose/where/when/why 核心规则：that 可使用；关系词作宾语可省略 1. who 指代人（作主语/宾语） 例句1：People who care about nature will take action to protect wildlife. 例句2：Volunteers who join conservation work are very responsible. 2. which 指代物（作主语/宾语） 例句1：Plastic waste which pollutes oceans harms sea creatures. 例句2：The forest which we protect is home to many species. 3. that 指代人/物（万能替换，高频） 例句1：Everything that we do can influence the environment. 例句2：The animals that are endangered need strict protection. 4. whose 表所属（谁的/某物的） 例句1：We should save species whose habitats are destroyed. 例句2：He is a scientist whose research focuses on conservation. （三）非限定性定语从句 精讲（有逗号） 核心铁律（高考必考）：绝对不能用 that；关系词作宾语不可省略 1. which 用法（最高频） ① 指代前面单个名词 ② 指代整句话内容（高考压轴考点） 例句1：The river is heavily polluted, which affects local wildlife.（指代整句） 例句2：This reserve, which was built years ago, protects rare plants.（指代名词） 2. who/whom 指代人 例句1：Mr. Li,who works in this reserve, is an expert in conservation. 例句2：The volunteer, whom we met yesterday, has protected many animals. 3. whose 表所属 例句1：The panda, whose number is increasing, is no longer extremely endangered. 例句2：This organization, whose goal is wildlife protection, is well-known worldwide. 4. as 引导非限定性定语从句（固定高频句型） as we all know（众所周知）、as is known to all、as expected 例句1：As we all know, human activity threatens many species. 例句2：As is reported, more wetlands are being restored recently. （四）两大从句终极区别 对比维度 限定性定语从句 非限定性定语从句 标点 无逗号 必须有逗号 that 可以使用 绝对不能使用 省略关系词 宾语可省略 不可省略 语义作用 限定范围、必不可少 补充说明、可有可无 指代整句 不可以 which/as 可以 （五）高考必考特殊规则 1. 只能用that的情况（限定性专属） 先行词被 all/everything/nothing/few/little/最高级/序数词/the only 修饰 例句1：All that we do matters to environmental protection. 例句2：This is the only method that works well. 2. 非限定性 which 指代整句（写作高分句型） 例句1：People cut down too many trees, which leads to soil erosion. 例句2：We recycle waste materials, which helps reduce pollution. （六）解题秒杀口诀 有逗号非限定，that绝对不能用； 无逗号要限定，that万能可通用； 逗号which代整句，as众所周知行； 限定省略宾关系，非限一个不能省。 【配套专项练习】 大题一：单词/关系词正确形式填空 根据句意填入合适的关系词（who/which/that/whose/where/when/which/as） 1. The animals ________ live in this reserve are well protected. 2. Many species are dying out, ________ makes scientists worried. 3. This is the wetland ________ provides perfect habitats for birds. 4. People ________ work in conservation are making great contributions. 5. The factory pollutes the river, ________ has killed many fish. 6. All ________ we can do is to protect our natural environment. 7. The rhino, ________ horn is very valuable, is often hunted illegally. 8. This is the only measure ________ can reduce plastic pollution. 9. The volunteers, ________ we met last week, love nature deeply. 10. The forest ________ we visited last year is home to rare species. 11. ________ is known to all, environmental protection is everyone’s duty. 12. The problem ________ we are facing is serious ocean pollution. 13. The park, ________ was rebuilt last year, attracts many visitors. 14. Anyone ________ cares about the earth should take action. 15. Plastic products, ________ are hard to decompose, damage the ecosystem. 16. This is the best way ________ can restore the damaged wetland. 17. The expert, ________ research focuses on wildlife protection, gave us a speech. 18. The changes ________ human activities bring are destructive. 19. We protect wildlife, ________ helps keep the balance of nature. 20. There is nothing ________ can stop us from saving endangered animals. 21. The village, ________ lies near the forest, has a good ecological environment. 22. Students ________ learn conservation knowledge will protect nature better. 23. The law, ________ forbids illegal hunting, has been strictly carried out. 24. The decade ________ we live in witnesses severe environmental problems. 25. The coconut shell, ________ is usually wasted, can be reused in many ways. 大题二：句子改写 要求：将简单句合并为限定性/非限定性定语从句，每空一词 1. The bird is rare. The bird lives in this forest. The bird ________ lives in this forest is rare. 2. He protects wildlife. This makes him respected. He protects wildlife, ________ makes him respected. 3. This is a plan. The plan can reduce waste. This is a plan ________ can reduce waste. 4. The man is a conservationist. You met him just now. The man ________ you met just now is a conservationist. 5. Trees absorb carbon dioxide. This helps improve air quality. Trees absorb carbon dioxide, ________ helps improve air quality. 6. It is the only method. The method works effectively. It is the only method ________ works effectively. 7. The wetland is large. Its ecosystem is well balanced. The wetland, ________ ecosystem is well balanced, is large. 8. We know the fact. The fact is important for us. The fact ________ we know is important for us. 9. Many animals rely on the forest. The forest is being damaged. The forest ________ many animals rely on is being damaged. 10. People destroy habitats. This causes species to die out. People destroy habitats, ________ causes species to die out. 大题三：汉译英句子翻译 1. 保护环境的人值得我们尊敬。 ______________________________________________________ 2. 塑料垃圾是一种会严重破坏生态的污染物。 ______________________________________________________ 3. 众所周知，许多野生动物正处于灭绝的边缘。 ______________________________________________________ 4. 我们昨天参观的自然保护区非常美丽。 ______________________________________________________ 5. 人类过度开采资源，这导致了严重的环境问题。 ______________________________________________________ 6. 这是唯一能够拯救这些濒危物种的办法。 ______________________________________________________ 7. 那位研究海洋保护的科学家发表了一篇重要论文。 ______________________________________________________ 8. 能够循环利用的材料可以有效减少浪费。 ______________________________________________________ 9. 这片为鸟类提供栖息地的湿地需要被好好保护。 ______________________________________________________ 10. 越来越多的人开始保护环境，这让我们看到了希望。 ______________________________________________________ 大题四：短文填空 Nature is the home 1.________ all living creatures rely on. There are countless species 2.________ live on our planet. However, human activities have caused severe damage, 3.________ worries every environmentalist. The pollution 4.________ we are facing today is mainly caused by plastic waste and mining. Many wetlands, 5.________ provide habitats for wildlife, are disappearing. The rhinos 6.________ horns are valuable are hunted illegally, 7.________ makes their population drop sharply. 8.________ is mentioned above, conservation is an urgent task. The only way 9.________ can save our planet is to change our lifestyle. Everyone who devotes time to environmental protection is a hero 10.________ deserves praise. Keys （一）关系词填空 1. that/which 2. which 3. that/which 4. who/that 5. which 6. that 7. whose 8. that 9. who/whom 10. that/which 11. As 12. that/which 13. which 14. who/that 15. which 16. that 17. whose 18. that/which 19. which 20. that 21. which 22. who/that 23. which 24. that/which 25. which （二）句子改写 1. that/which 2. which 3. that/which 4. who/whom/that 5. which 6. that 7. whose 8. that/which 9. that/which 10. which （三）汉译英 1. People who protect the environment deserve our respect. 2. Plastic waste is a kind of pollutant that can seriously damage the ecosystem. 3. As we all know, many wild animals are on the edge of extinction. 4. The nature reserve that we visited yesterday is very beautiful. 5. Humans overexploit resources, which causes serious environmental problems. 6. This is the only way that can save these endangered species. 7. The scientist who studies ocean protection has published an important paper. 8. Materials that can be recycled can reduce waste effectively. 9. The wetland which provides habitats for birds needs to be well protected. 10. More and more people begin to protect the environment, which gives us hope. （四）短文填空 1. that/which 2. that/which 3. which 4. that/which 5. which 6. whose 7. which 8. As 9. that 10. who/that 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $