高三语法专练3 (谓语非谓语+定语从句——北师大必修1unit5-unit6)

**基本信息** 聚焦北师大必修1重点词汇，通过谓语&非谓语、定语从句专项训练夯实语言能力，构建语法知识逻辑体系，培养思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |谓语&非谓语|20题|结合时间状语、语境提示考查时态、语态及非谓语形式（不定式/分词）|从基础时态语态到非谓语作主语/定语/状语，形成"动词形式-语境逻辑-句法功能"推导链条| |定语从句|10题|通过不同先行词（人/物/事）及从句成分考查关系代词（which/who/that等）选择|从关系代词基本用法到特殊情况（only修饰先行词用that），构建"先行词特征-从句成分-关系词匹配"逻辑|

高三语法专练3参考答案 谓语非谓语练习——北师大必修一unit5-unit6词汇为依托 一、谓语&非谓语 1. faced 句意：这位探险家以及他的队友们上个月穿越冰封大陆时，面临着巨大危险。 解析：as well as 就远原则，谓语动词的单复数和前面的主语the explorer保持一致；时间状语last month为一般过去时，填faced。 ✅拓展：就远原则常见词组：as well as, together with, along with, besides, except, rather than。谓语由前面真正的主语决定。 对比：Tom, together with his friends, likes outdoor activities. > 补充【就近原则】 > ✅就近原则：谓语动词单复数由靠近它的主语决定 > 常用连词：or；either…or；neither…nor；not only…but also > 例句：Neither the students nor the teacher knows the truth. 2. Observing 句意：安静地观察野生动物需要极强的耐心与自控力。 解析：句子已有谓语requires，此处作主语；动名词doing作主语，表示一件泛指的事情，句首首字母大写Observing。 ✅拓展：不定式to do也可作主语，但多表具体/将来动作；动名词doing多指抽象、习惯性行为。 例：To protect wildlife is our task.（具体任务）；Protecting wildlife is important.（抽象道理） 3. is sharing 句意：这名志愿者此刻正在报告厅分享他的极地探险故事。 解析：时间标志right now（此刻），现在进行时；主语the volunteer单数，is sharing。 4. breathed 句意：被困的幸存者吸入灰尘，感到虚弱眩晕。 解析：with复合结构 `with +宾语+宾补`；dust和breathe是被动关系，灰尘被吸入，用过去分词breathed。 ✅拓展：with复合结构三种形式： with sth doing（主动，正在）；with sth done（被动，完成）；with sth to do（有待去做） 5. will be held 句意：这场关于野生动物保护的讲座将于明天在大厅举办，要求全体学生参加。 解析：tomorrow将来时间；lecture与hold被动，讲座“被举办”，一般将来被动will be held。 6. records 句意：这位年轻研究员每年夏天都在丛林记录野生动物的行为。 解析：every summer习惯性动作，一般现在时；researcher单数，谓语records。 7. advocating 句意：这名倡导平等权利的年轻人因抗议种族歧视被捕。 解析：句子谓语was arrested；the young man和advocate主动，现在分词作后置定语advocating。 8. hasn’t been measured 句意：迄今为止，飓风造成的损失还没有被完整测算出来。 解析：so far现在完成时标志；damage和measure被动，否定形式hasn’t been measured。 9. finished 句意：任务完成后，探险家收起帐篷，开启返回极地基地的漫长旅途。 解析：独立主格，逗号无连词，不能构成完整句子；task与finish被动，用过去分词finished。 ✅拓展：独立主格结构 = 名词/代词 + 非谓语；和主句主语不一致，自带逻辑主语，常作状语。 10. be sent 句意：一旦天气好转，救援队必须立刻派往山体滑坡受灾区域。 解析：情态动词must后接动词原形；team和send被动，must be sent。 11. was collecting 句意：我们到达的时候，向导正在为生态项目采集植物样本。 解析：when arrived表示过去某一时刻正在进行，过去进行时；主语guide单数，was collecting。 12. wasting 句意：数百人等待救援时，我们不能忍受浪费宝贵物资。 解析：固定搭配can’t stand doing sth 无法忍受做某事，填wasting。 13. has been used 句意：在过去几天里，所有可行办法都被用来减轻灾后受害者的苦难。 解析：in the last few days现在完成时；means单复数同形，every means视作单数；办法被使用，被动has been used。 ✅拓展：means单复数同形；every means（每一种方法）单数；all means（所有方法）复数。 14. being injured 句意：为避免在洪水中受伤，居民被告知转移至高地。 解析：avoid doing；residents和injure被动，避免“被伤害”，avoid being done，填being injured。 15. will be found 句意：这位科学家相信，在不久的将来人们会发现新草药来治愈更多疾病。 解析：in the near future一般将来；new herbs和find被动，will be found。 16. To gain 句意：为获得广泛认可，这位女科学家耗费数十年研究药用草本植物。 解析：不定式作目的状语，“为了获得”，句首大写To gain。 17. has been conducting / is conducting 句意：当地政府这些年一直在开展气候变化相关调查。 解析：for these years，强调从过去持续到现在，可用现在完成进行has been conducting；也可用现在进行is conducting。 18. to abandon 句意：即使物资短缺，这位探险家也拒绝抛弃队友。 解析：固定搭配refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事，不定式作宾语to abandon。 19. fixed 句意：女孩安静坐在河边，目光凝视远处的鹿群。 解析：独立主格；eyes与fix是被动（目光被锁定在……），过去分词fixed。 20. solved 句意：许多难题解决之后，救援行动终于结束。 解析：with复合结构with sth done；problems和solve被动，solved。 二、定语从句 1. which / that 句意：困在淤泥中的救援车辆现已被工作人员拖出。 解析：先行词the rescue vehicle（物），关系代词在从句作主语，可用which/that。 2. who / whom / that 句意：我们最敬重的这位探险家，曾在遥远大陆上熬过一场可怕的风暴。 解析：先行词explorer（人），关系代词在从句作respect的宾语；who/whom/that均可。 3. that 句意：这是能够减少火山喷发造成损失的唯一措施。 解析：先行词被the only修饰，限制性定语从句，只能用that。 4. whose 句意：这位毕生致力于为正义而抗争的英雄，激励了一代又一代年轻人。 解析：whose表所属，the hero’s life，“英雄的一生”，whose后面紧跟名词life。 5. that 句意：我们谈起了在干旱中遭受重创的幸存者与野生动物。 解析：先行词同时包含人（survivors）+物（wildlife），只能用that。 6. who 句意：这位科学家将会开展讲座，他去年获得了生态保护奖项。 解析：逗号分隔，非限制性定语从句，先行词是人，从句缺主语，不能用that，只能who。 7. which 句意：这份有关气候变化的报告，就是我们昨天讨论的那一份，它警示我们自然灾害频发。 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词report（物），在从句作discussed宾语，只用which。 8. who / that 句意：他是众多志愿者中的一员，这些志愿者帮忙运送物资到灾区。 解析：one of +复数名词，先行词是复数volunteers，从句缺主语，指人，who/that。 ✅拓展： ① one of +复数名词 + 定语从句 →先行词为复数名词，从句谓语复数 He is one of the volunteers who help… ② the only one of +复数名词 +定语从句 →先行词为the only one，从句谓语单数 He is the only one of the volunteers who helps… 9. that 句意：灾难发生时，我们要准备的第一件东西就是安全避难所。 解析：先行词被序数词the first修饰，限制性定语从句只能用that。 10. which 句意：山脚下的这片野生动物保护区，保护着许多珍稀动物，每年吸引大量探险家前来。 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词reserve（物），从句缺主语，只能which。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三语法专练三 （北师大必修1Unit5-Unit6重点词汇） 一.谓语&非谓语 1.The explorer as well as his teammates ________ (face) great danger when they crossed the frozen continent last month. 2.________ (observe) wild animals quietly requires great patience and self-control. 3.The volunteer ________ (share) his polar exploration stories in the lecture room right now. 4.With the dust ________ (breathe) in, the trapped survivors felt weak and dizzy. 5.The lecture about wildlife protection ________ (hold) in the hall tomorrow, and all students are expected to attend. 6.The young researcher ________ (record) wildlife behaviors in the jungle every summer. 7.The young man ________ (advocate) equal rights was arrested for protesting against racial discrimination. 8.So far, the damage caused by the hurricane ________ (not measure) completely. 9.His task ________ (finish), the explorer packed his tent and began the long journey back to the polar base. 10.The rescue team must ________ (send) to the landslide-hit area immediately once the weather improves. 11.When we arrived, the guide ________ (collect) plant samples for the ecological project. 12.We can’t stand ________ (waste) precious supplies when hundreds of people are waiting for rescue. 13.In the last few days, every possible means ________ (use) to reduce the suffering of victims after the disaster. 14.To avoid ________ (injure) in the flood, residents were told to move to higher ground. 15.The scientist believes that new herbs ________ (find) to cure more diseases in the near future. 16.________ (gain) widespread recognition, the female scientist devoted decades to researching medicinal herbs. 17.The local government ________ (conduct) a survey on climate change for these years. 18.The explorer refused ________ (abandon) his teammates even when supplies ran low. 19.The girl sat quietly by the river, her eyes ________ (fix) on the group of deer in the distance. 20.With many problems ________ (solve), the rescue operation finally came to an end. 二.定语从句 1. The rescue vehicle ________ was trapped in deep mud has now been pulled out by workers. 2. The explorer ________ we respect most once survived a terrible storm on the distant continent. 3. This is the only measure ________ can reduce the loss caused by volcanic eruptions. 4. The hero ________ life was devoted to fighting for justice inspired generations of young people. 5. We talked about the survivors and wildlife ________ were badly affected by the drought. 6. A lecture will be given by the scientist, ________ won the award for ecological protection last year. 7. The report on climate change, ________ we discussed yesterday, warns us of frequent natural disasters. 8. He is one of the volunteers ________ help carry supplies to disaster areas. 9. The first thing ________ we should prepare in a disaster is a safe shelter. 10. The wildlife reserve at the foot of the mountain, ________ protects many rare animals, attracts explorers every year. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $