Unit 6 Section B Vocabulary in Use（课时分层练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 本同步练习以"A组巩固过关-B组能力进阶-C组思维拔高-拓展链接中考"分层，通过词汇基础→句型应用→语篇理解→中考实战的递进路径，系统巩固Unit 6词汇与话题，适配新授课差异化教学，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|核心词汇（spaceship, survey等）、基础句型|单词拼写（含scare→scared等词性转换）、完成句子、单项选择，聚焦基础知识点直接应用| |B组能力进阶|词汇灵活运用（crowd→crowded）、语篇语法|选词填空（词形变化）、完形填空（卫星功能主题语篇），实现单句到语篇过渡| |C组思维拔高|话题语篇理解（宇航员训练、神舟飞船）|两篇阅读单选，考查细节查找与推理判断，提升思维品质| |拓展链接中考|中考题型与考点（词义猜测、主旨归纳）|2026年青岛中考真题阅读，衔接升学测评，强化应试能力|

Unit 6 Beyond Earth Section B Vocabulary in Use A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. Our teacher asked us to complete a short 　　　　　　　　 (调查) about our favourite after-school activities. 2. The sci-fi movie was about a 　　　　　　　　 (宇宙飞船) traveling to a distant planet. 3. She is good at making paper 　　　　　　　　 (工艺) in art class. 4. You’d better wear a mask in 　　　　　　　　 (crowd) places to protect yourself. 5. She feels 　　　　　　　　 (scare) when she stays at home alone. 6. The view from the top of the mountain was 　　　　　　　　 (fantasy). 7. It took him a long time to fall 　　　　　　　　 (sleep) on the spaceship. 二、完成句子 1. 你希望有一天能乘坐宇宙飞船去其他行星吗?    Do you hope to travel by 　　　　　　　　 to other planets one day? 2. 彼得度过了一个美妙的假期。    Peter had a 　　　　　　　　 holiday. 3. 如果你没有得到足够的休息，你可能会在课堂上睡着。 If you don’t get enough rest, you might 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 in class. 4. 幸运的是，我们及时赶到了车站。 Luckily, we got to the station 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　. 三、单项选择 1. According to the ________, most people spend 90% of their free time surfing the Internet. A. purpose B. survey C. instruction D. suggestion 2. He was ________ of heights and never climbed mountains. A. scared B. happy C. excited D. interested 3. A spaceship is also called a space ________. A. craft B. walk C. suit D. station 4. The room is ________, so we can’t stay here. A. crowd B. crowds C. crowded D. crowding 5. The train arrived at the station   ________, so all the passengers were able to catch their connecting flights. A. in time B. on time C. at times D. from time to time 6. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early ________ I can have time for a cup of tea. A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that 一、选词填空 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空 operate   crowd   survey   spaceship   craft 1. The shopping mall was very 　　　　　　　　 on weekends. 2. Two 　　　　　　　　 will be sent to Mars next year. 3. He is good at making paper 　　　　　　　　. 4. They 　　　　　　　　 the spacecraft successfully last year. 5. We’ll do a 　　　　　　　　 about students’ after-school activities. 二、完形填空 Man has invented many kinds of satellites (卫星). The first kind of satellite studies the 　　　　1　　　　 of the earth. They are used to make maps. They also help countries to see where they may find oil and gold. The second kind of satellite is used to 　　　　2　　　　 ships and planes. A ship or a plane can 　　　　3　　　　 a message to the satellite when it gets lost. The satellite can 　　　　4　　　　 where the ship or the plane is and give the right direction. The third kind studies the weather. These satellites 　　　　5　　　　 clouds and strong winds moving across the earth. They warn countries to make preparations when very 　　　　6　　　　 weather is coming. The fourth kind is used for 　　　　7　　　　. Telephone calls between countries can be sent by these satellites. Some can 　　　　8　　　　 carry hundreds of calls at the same time. When you call your American friend from China, the call is sent to the satellite, and then the satellite sends it to a station in America and his 　　　　9　　　　 is ringing. These satellites also carry pictures. They can 　　　　10　　　　 and send about eight programs at a time, which we can watch on TV. 1. A. biology B. history C. physics D. geography 2. A. build B. guide C. include D. create 3. A. write B. send C. take D. bring 4. A. find out B. look out C. set out D. put out 5. A. sound B. watch C. hear D. make 6. A. sunny B. cool C. fine D. bad 7. A. communication B. situation C. introduction D. expression 8. A. finally B. hardly C. even D. never 9. A. television B. radio C. telephone D. tool 10. A. learn B. receive C. develop D. invent 一、阅读单选 A篇 What was your childhood dream? For Katie Mulry, it was becoming an astronaut. This 24-year-old American student is making her dream come true through an amazing program called Asclepios. Deep inside a Swiss mountain, Katie and eight other students spend 16 days living like astronauts on the moon. The position is hidden in the cold, dark tunnels (隧道) of the Alps. The program starts with a simulated rocket launch (模拟火箭发射). After “traveling” to the moon for one day in a tiny room with camp beds, the students enter their lunar base (月球基地). They live in a small living area with only one bathroom for the whole group, eating astronaut food and taking part in real science experiments. During their task, the students wear spacesuits and only go outside at night. This tests how continuous darkness affects (影响) their sleep, feelings, and health. Researchers from Spain, Australia, and Switzerland monitor their circadian rhythms (昼夜节律) and body temperature changes. The most exciting part is the simulated moon walks. Students explore the mountain tunnels wearing full spacesuits, experiencing what real lunar exploration might be like. The program is completely free for students and depends on donations. It gives young people from around the world a chance to experience astronaut training and possibly join the space industry. 1. What was Katie Mulry’s childhood dream? A. To be a scientist. B. To live in Switzerland. C. To study in the Alps. D. To become an astronaut. 2. Why do the students only go outside at night? A. To save energy in the daytime. B. To practice walking in spacesuits. C. To test how darkness affects them. D. To avoid being seen by others. 3. What does the underlined word “monitor” probably mean? A. Control. B. Record. C. Change. D. Stop. 4. What is the purpose of the Asclepios program? A. To sell astronaut food to students. B. To help students become real astronauts. C. To give young people a space training experience. D. To build a real lunar base in the Alps. B篇 On April 24, 2025, the Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship was launched (发射) successfully from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. Riding on the Long March-2F rocket, three astronauts, Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie, began their journey to China’s space station. The crew will stay in space for six months, working on tasks like space experiments, extravehicular activities, and cargo (货物) tests. They are scheduled to return to Earth in late October. The launch day of Shenzhou-20 was also China’s 10th Space Day, which is celebrated every year on April 24 to remember the launch of the first satellite, Dongfanghong-1s, in 1970. The Long March-2F rocket, first used in 1999, has received 32 technical improvements. One major change is its data transmission system. It can send information much faster than before. In the past, important flight data was stored in a “black box” and checked after landing. But now, the system sends data in real time, like 100 pages of A4 documents per second, helping scientists watch the rocket’s flight closely from the ground. As the space station starts normal work, the rocket will fly into space twice a year, using more digital tools to make launches work better. The Shenzhou-20 spacecraft has a better cargo space letting it carry 20% more things to the station. During the mission, over 20 new experiments will be done. For example, scientists will study how weightlessness affects the human digestive system (消化系统), micro-ecology, and brain function. They will also use zebrafish, planarians (涡虫), and bacteria to learn about how living things regrow body parts and cell changes in space. Planarians are special because they can regrow body parts, like muscles and even brains, when cut. This experiment, the first of its kind in China, may help understand how to fight aging and diseases on Earth. Additionally, 59 tests in space life-sciences and new technologies are planned. Shenzhou-20 shows the country’s progress in space exploration. 1. Why is April 24 important in China’s space history? A. It marks the first rocket launch. B. It’s when the space station was completed. C. It’s the day Shenzhou-20 returned to Earth. D. It’s the celebration of Dongfanghong-1s launch. 2. What can we learn about the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft? A. It has a larger cargo space. B. It will fly to the space station twice a year. C. It carries three times more cargo than before. D. Its data system sends 100 pages of data per minute. 3. Why did scientists choose planarians for space experiments? A. They live long in space. B. They reproduce quickly in space. C. They can regrow lost body parts. D. They are easy to feed in weightlessness. 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. It’s easy to choose excellent astronauts, B. The Long March-2F rocket has few changes. C. China’s space program focuses on rockets only. D. Space experiments can help people’s life on Earth. 一、阅读单选 （来源:2026年山东省青岛市中考英语试题）Space Traveller’s Training Book As you know, a straight line is the shortest distance (距离) between two points, and you should always watch where you are going. However, once a spacecraft leaves Earth, many rules about travelling may stop working.Now forget all that. Let’s begin our training!1. To Go Faster, Go FartherTo get from point a to b, a spacecraft doesn’t always travel straight in space. That—1— is because of the strong force of huge objects around it. The force pulls it into a curved orbit (弯曲的轨道). In theory, a spacecraft could fly straight all the time, but this would require too much fuel (燃料) to offset (抵消) the force. Luckily, there is a better way. By following a long curved orbit, a spacecraft can use the force to reach the destination.Although the trip is longer, the spacecraft uses less fuel and arrives sooner.2. To Go Forward, Look BackwardThis sounds really strange On Earth, we—2— usually travel by watching the road ahead. We change our speed or direction according to how close we are to the final position. But in space, it is just the opposite. Most spacecraft never “see” where they’re going or where they will arrive. For example, a spacecraft doesn’t see the Moon or other planets getting close. How does it know whether to go forward or not? A spacecraft can tell its position by knowing the distance it has travelled from—3— where it started. The starting point is usually Earth.3.        ▲       We can use a signal (信号) travelling at light-speed to check the speed. A spacecraft sends a signal to Earth. By timing how long the signal takes to travel from the spacecraft to Earth and then go back to the spacecraft, we can work out the speed.Your training is complete. Good luck!—4— 1. What can we know about a spacecraft from Part 1 “To Go Faster, Go Farther”? A. It goes a shorter way to arrive sooner. B. The force from Earth decides its orbit. C. Flying in curved orbit is a better way. D. It uses less fuel to fly straight in space. 2. What does the underlined word “destination” mean? A. Something that provides more fuel. B. A place where someone is going. C. Something that people hope to achieve. D. A road that people take to reach a place. 3. Why does a spacecraft look backward when travelling in space? A. To know how far it has travelled. B. To remember the way it has flown. C. To find out where other planets are. D. To take a look at our beautiful Earth. 4. Which can be put in      ▲     ? A. To Return to Earth, Send a Signal B. To Check Speed, Time a Signal C. To Know Speed, Go Back to Earth D. To Go Faster, Move at Light-speed 5. What’s the purpose of the training book? A. To show different parts in a spacecraft. B. To remind people of the danger in space. C. To introduce basic facts about space travel. D. To describe key steps in designing a spacecraft. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth Section B Vocabulary in Use A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. Our teacher asked us to complete a short 　　　　　　　　 (调查) about our favourite after-school activities. 【答案】survey 【解析】句意：我们老师让我们完成一份关于最喜欢的课外活动的简短调查。表示“调查”的单词为survey，空前有不定冠词a，此处直接填写名词单数即可。 2. The sci-fi movie was about a 　　　　　　　　 (宇宙飞船) traveling to a distant planet. 【答案】spaceship 【解析】句意：这部科幻电影讲述了一艘宇宙飞船前往遥远星球的故事。根据汉语提示可知，“宇宙飞船”为spaceship，可数名词；空格前有不定冠词a，后需跟可数名词单数。 3. She is good at making paper 　　　　　　　　 (工艺) in art class. 【答案】crafts 【解析】句意：她擅长在美术课上制作纸工艺品。根据中文提示 “工艺” 可知，对应的英文单词是craft，此处表示各类纸工艺制品，需用复数形式crafts。 4. You’d better wear a mask in 　　　　　　　　 (crowd) places to protect yourself. 【答案】crowded 【解析】句意：你最好在拥挤的地方佩戴口罩来保护自己。crowd“人群、拥挤”，句中“places”为名词，前面需要用形容词修饰，crowd的形容词形式是crowded，意为“拥挤的”。 5. She feels 　　　　　　　　 (scare) when she stays at home alone. 【答案】scared 【解析】句意：她独自在家时感到害怕。本句为一般现在时，感官动词feels后需要接形容词作表语；scare是动词，修饰人表示“感到害怕的”要变为形容词scared，故填scared。 6. The view from the top of the mountain was 　　　　　　　　 (fantasy). 【答案】fantastic 【解析】句意：山顶的景色极好。系动词was后需接形容词作表语，用于描述主语The view的特征。fantasy是名词，意为“幻想；奇幻小说”，其形容词形式是fantastic，意为“极好的；了不起的”。 7. It took him a long time to fall 　　　　　　　　 (sleep) on the spaceship. 【答案】asleep 【解析】句意：他在宇宙飞船上花了很长时间才睡着。“fall asleep”为固定短语，意为“入睡”，此处需填asleep。 二、完成句子 1. 你希望有一天能乘坐宇宙飞船去其他行星吗?    Do you hope to travel by 　　　　　　　　 to other planets one day? 【答案】spaceship 【解析】原句中“宇宙飞船”是关键词，表示“宇宙飞船”的名词是spaceship，by spaceship意为“乘坐宇宙飞船”。 2. 彼得度过了一个美妙的假期。    Peter had a 　　　　　　　　 holiday. 【答案】fantastic 【解析】原句中“美妙的”是关键词，表示“美妙的”英文是fantastic，形容词，作定语，修饰后面的名词holiday。 3. 如果你没有得到足够的休息，你可能会在课堂上睡着。 If you don’t get enough rest, you might 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 in class. 【答案】① fall    ② asleep 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“睡着”，对应的英文短语是“fall asleep”，情态动词might后接动词原形。故填fall；asleep。 4. 幸运的是，我们及时赶到了车站。 Luckily, we got to the station 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　. 【答案】① in    ② time 【解析】原句中“及时”是关键词，表示“及时”的短语是in time，介词短语作状语。 三、单项选择 1. According to the ________, most people spend 90% of their free time surfing the Internet. A. purpose B. survey C. instruction D. suggestion 【答案】B 【解析】句意：根据这项调查，大多数人花费 90% 的空闲时间上网。 purpose目的；survey调查；instruction指示；suggestion建议。根据后半句“大多数人花费 90% 的空闲时间上网”可知，这是关于人们行为习惯的统计数据，通常来源于“调查”。“survey”表示“调查”，符合此句的语境。 2. He was ________ of heights and never climbed mountains. A. scared B. happy C. excited D. interested 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他恐高，从不爬山。 考查形容词辨析。scared害怕的；happy快乐的；excited兴奋的；interested感兴趣的。根据后句“...of heights and never climbed mountains”可知，他从不爬山的原因是“害怕”高度。短语“be scared of”意为“害怕……”。故选A。 3. A spaceship is also called a space ________. A. craft B. walk C. suit D. station 【答案】A 【解析】句意：宇宙飞船也被称为航天器。 craft飞船；walk行走；suit套装；station站。根据“A spaceship is also called...”可知，spaceship意为“宇宙飞船”，与 spacecraft（航天器）同义，因此填craft。 4. The room is ________, so we can’t stay here. A. crowd B. crowds C. crowded D. crowding 【答案】C 【解析】句意：房间很拥挤，所以我们不能待在这里。 crowd人群；crowds人群（复数）；crowded拥挤的；crowding拥挤（现在分词）。根据“The room is...”可知系动词is后接形容词作表语，形容房间状态，且后半句说不能待在这里，说明房间拥挤。故填crowded。 5. The train arrived at the station   ________, so all the passengers were able to catch their connecting flights. A. in time B. on time C. at times D. from time to time 【答案】A 【解析】句意：火车及时抵达车站，所以所有乘客都赶上了后续衔接的航班。 in time及时；on time准时；at times有时；from time to time偶尔。结合语句“The train arrived at the station …, so all the passengers were able to catch their connecting flights”可知，乘客成功赶上航班，说明火车及时到达，in time符合语境。 6. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early ________ I can have time for a cup of tea. A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我想早到20分钟，这样我就有时间喝杯茶了。 考查连词。as soon as一……就； as a result结果；in case以防，后面接的是假象的情况，防止的情况，不希望的；so that以便，后面接的是希望得到的结果；分析句子可知，“arrive 20 minutes early”的目的是“have time for a cup of tea”，是希望得到的结果，所以此处是目的状语从句，so that是目的状语从句的连词，表示“为了”，故选D。 一、选词填空 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空 operate   crowd   survey   spaceship   craft 1. The shopping mall was very 　　　　　　　　 on weekends. 2. Two 　　　　　　　　 will be sent to Mars next year. 3. He is good at making paper 　　　　　　　　. 4. They 　　　　　　　　 the spacecraft successfully last year. 5. We’ll do a 　　　　　　　　 about students’ after-school activities. 【答案】1. crowded     2. spaceships     3. crafts     4. operated     5. survey      【解析】(1)题： 句意：这个购物中心在周末非常拥挤。系动词was和程度副词very之后需填形容词作表语；根据“The shopping mall was very ... on weekends.”可知，购物中心在周末非常拥挤，crowd“人群”，此处需表示“拥挤的”，crowd的形容词形式为crowded“拥挤的”。 (2)题： 句意：明年将有两艘宇宙飞船被送往火星。数词Two之后需填可数名词复数作主语；根据“Two ... will be sent to Mars next year.”可知，两艘宇宙飞船被送往火星，spaceship“宇宙飞船”符合语境，此处表示“两艘宇宙飞船”，spaceship的复数形式为spaceships。 (3)题： 句意：他擅长制作纸工艺品。动词make之后需填名词作宾语；根据“making paper ...”可知，擅长制作纸工艺品，craft“工艺品”名词，此处表示“纸工艺品”，且泛指多件工艺品需用复数形式，craft的复数形式为crafts。 (4)题： 句意：他们去年成功地操作了这艘宇宙飞船。主语They之后的词作句子的谓语；根据“They ... the spacecraft successfully”可知，成功地操作了这艘宇宙飞船，operate“操作”动词，时间状语last year，句子时态为一般过去时，此处表示“操作了”，operate的过去式为operated。 (5)题： 句意：我们将做一项关于学生课后活动的调查。不定冠词a之后需填单数名词作宾语；根据“do a ... about students’ after-school activities”可知，做一项关于学生课后活动的调查，survey“调查”名词，此处考查固定搭配do a survey“做一项调查”，survey为可数名词单数。 二、完形填空 Man has invented many kinds of satellites (卫星). The first kind of satellite studies the 　　　　1　　　　 of the earth. They are used to make maps. They also help countries to see where they may find oil and gold. The second kind of satellite is used to 　　　　2　　　　 ships and planes. A ship or a plane can 　　　　3　　　　 a message to the satellite when it gets lost. The satellite can 　　　　4　　　　 where the ship or the plane is and give the right direction. The third kind studies the weather. These satellites 　　　　5　　　　 clouds and strong winds moving across the earth. They warn countries to make preparations when very 　　　　6　　　　 weather is coming. The fourth kind is used for 　　　　7　　　　. Telephone calls between countries can be sent by these satellites. Some can 　　　　8　　　　 carry hundreds of calls at the same time. When you call your American friend from China, the call is sent to the satellite, and then the satellite sends it to a station in America and his 　　　　9　　　　 is ringing. These satellites also carry pictures. They can 　　　　10　　　　 and send about eight programs at a time, which we can watch on TV. 1. A. biology B. history C. physics D. geography 2. A. build B. guide C. include D. create 3. A. write B. send C. take D. bring 4. A. find out B. look out C. set out D. put out 5. A. sound B. watch C. hear D. make 6. A. sunny B. cool C. fine D. bad 7. A. communication B. situation C. introduction D. expression 8. A. finally B. hardly C. even D. never 9. A. television B. radio C. telephone D. tool 10. A. learn B. receive C. develop D. invent 【答案】1. D     2. B     3. B     4. A     5. B     6. D     7. A     8. C     9. C     10. B      【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍人类发明的四种不同用途的卫星，分别用于研究地球地理、为船只飞机导航、监测天气以及通信联络。 (1)题： 句意：第一种卫星研究地球的地理情况。 biology生物；history历史；physics物理；geography地理。根据后文“They are used to make maps. They also help countries to see where they may find oil and gold”可知，这类卫星用来绘制地图、勘探资源，属于地理研究。 (2)题： 句意：第二种卫星被用来为船只和飞机导航。 build建造；guide指引，导航；include包括；create创造。根据下文“give the right direction”可知，卫星可以给飞机、船只指引方向。 (3)题： 句意：当轮船或者飞机迷路时，可以向卫星发送信息。 write写；send发送；take带走；bring带来。根据后文“a message to the satellite”可知，交通工具向卫星发送消息。 (4)题： 句意：卫星能够查明轮船或者飞机所在的位置，并给出正确方向。 find out查明，弄清；look out小心；set out出发；put out扑灭。根据后文“where the ship or the plane is”可知卫星可以查找到交通工具的位置。 (5)题： 句意：这些卫星观测云层和强风在地球上移动。 sound听起来；watch观测，注视；hear听见；make制作。根据前文“The third kind studies the weather”可知气象卫星用来观测气象情况。 (6)题： 句意：当恶劣天气即将来临时，它们提醒各个国家做好准备。 sunny晴朗的；cool凉爽的；fine晴朗的；bad坏的，恶劣的。根据上文“They warn countries to make preparations”可知，要为恶劣天气做防备。 (7)题： 句意：第四种被用于通信。 communication通信；situation情况；introduction介绍；expression表达。根据后文“Telephone calls between countries can be sent by these satellites”可知这类卫星用于电话通讯。 (8)题： 句意：有些卫星甚至可以同时承载数百通电话。 finally最终；hardly几乎不；even甚至；never从不。根据上下文，此处是递进，进一步说明卫星强大的通信能力。 (9)题： 句意：当你在中国给你的美国朋友打电话时，通话信号发送到卫星，卫星再转发到美国的站点，之后他的电话就响了。 television电视；radio收音机；telephone电话；tool工具。根据前文“When you call your American friend”可知，是朋友的电话响起。 (10)题： 句意：它们可以接收并同时发送大约八套电视节目，使我们可以在电视上观看。 learn学习；receive接收；develop发展；invent发明。根据后文“and send about eight programs at a time”可知卫星接收再传送电视节目。 一、阅读单选 A篇 What was your childhood dream? For Katie Mulry, it was becoming an astronaut. This 24-year-old American student is making her dream come true through an amazing program called Asclepios. Deep inside a Swiss mountain, Katie and eight other students spend 16 days living like astronauts on the moon. The position is hidden in the cold, dark tunnels (隧道) of the Alps. The program starts with a simulated rocket launch (模拟火箭发射). After “traveling” to the moon for one day in a tiny room with camp beds, the students enter their lunar base (月球基地). They live in a small living area with only one bathroom for the whole group, eating astronaut food and taking part in real science experiments. During their task, the students wear spacesuits and only go outside at night. This tests how continuous darkness affects (影响) their sleep, feelings, and health. Researchers from Spain, Australia, and Switzerland monitor their circadian rhythms (昼夜节律) and body temperature changes. The most exciting part is the simulated moon walks. Students explore the mountain tunnels wearing full spacesuits, experiencing what real lunar exploration might be like. The program is completely free for students and depends on donations. It gives young people from around the world a chance to experience astronaut training and possibly join the space industry. 1. What was Katie Mulry’s childhood dream? A. To be a scientist. B. To live in Switzerland. C. To study in the Alps. D. To become an astronaut. 2. Why do the students only go outside at night? A. To save energy in the daytime. B. To practice walking in spacesuits. C. To test how darkness affects them. D. To avoid being seen by others. 3. What does the underlined word “monitor” probably mean? A. Control. B. Record. C. Change. D. Stop. 4. What is the purpose of the Asclepios program? A. To sell astronaut food to students. B. To help students become real astronauts. C. To give young people a space training experience. D. To build a real lunar base in the Alps. 【答案】1. D     2. C     3. B     4. C      【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了美国学生Katie Mulry参加Asclepios项目，在瑞士阿尔卑斯山隧道里体验模拟月球宇航员生活的故事，介绍该项目的训练内容与设立目的。 (1)题： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For Katie Mulry, it was becoming an astronaut”可知，Katie的童年梦想是成为一名宇航员。 (2)题： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This tests how continuous darkness affects their sleep, feelings, and health”可知，学生们只在晚上外出是为了测试黑暗对他们的影响。 (3)题： 词句猜测题。根据前文中的“This tests how continuous darkness… health”和画线词后面的“… their circadian rhythms and body temperature changes”可知，学生们只在晚上外出，以便于研究人员监测他们的昼夜节律和体温变化，了解持续黑暗对他们的影响。monitor在这里意为“记录；监测”，与record意思相近。 (4)题： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“It gives young people from around the world a chance to experience astronaut training and possibly join the space industry”可知，该项目的目的是给年轻人提供太空训练体验。 B篇 On April 24, 2025, the Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship was launched (发射) successfully from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. Riding on the Long March-2F rocket, three astronauts, Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie, began their journey to China’s space station. The crew will stay in space for six months, working on tasks like space experiments, extravehicular activities, and cargo (货物) tests. They are scheduled to return to Earth in late October. The launch day of Shenzhou-20 was also China’s 10th Space Day, which is celebrated every year on April 24 to remember the launch of the first satellite, Dongfanghong-1s, in 1970. The Long March-2F rocket, first used in 1999, has received 32 technical improvements. One major change is its data transmission system. It can send information much faster than before. In the past, important flight data was stored in a “black box” and checked after landing. But now, the system sends data in real time, like 100 pages of A4 documents per second, helping scientists watch the rocket’s flight closely from the ground. As the space station starts normal work, the rocket will fly into space twice a year, using more digital tools to make launches work better. The Shenzhou-20 spacecraft has a better cargo space letting it carry 20% more things to the station. During the mission, over 20 new experiments will be done. For example, scientists will study how weightlessness affects the human digestive system (消化系统), micro-ecology, and brain function. They will also use zebrafish, planarians (涡虫), and bacteria to learn about how living things regrow body parts and cell changes in space. Planarians are special because they can regrow body parts, like muscles and even brains, when cut. This experiment, the first of its kind in China, may help understand how to fight aging and diseases on Earth. Additionally, 59 tests in space life-sciences and new technologies are planned. Shenzhou-20 shows the country’s progress in space exploration. 1. Why is April 24 important in China’s space history? A. It marks the first rocket launch. B. It’s when the space station was completed. C. It’s the day Shenzhou-20 returned to Earth. D. It’s the celebration of Dongfanghong-1s launch. 2. What can we learn about the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft? A. It has a larger cargo space. B. It will fly to the space station twice a year. C. It carries three times more cargo than before. D. Its data system sends 100 pages of data per minute. 3. Why did scientists choose planarians for space experiments? A. They live long in space. B. They reproduce quickly in space. C. They can regrow lost body parts. D. They are easy to feed in weightlessness. 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. It’s easy to choose excellent astronauts, B. The Long March-2F rocket has few changes. C. China’s space program focuses on rockets only. D. Space experiments can help people’s life on Earth. 【答案】1. D     2. A     3. C     4. D      【解析】本文介绍神舟二十号载人飞船的发射任务、长征二号 F 火箭的技术升级、在轨开展的多项太空科学实验，展现中国航天事业的发展成就。 (1)题： 根据第一段最后一句“The launch day of Shenzhou-20 was also China’s 10th Space Day, which is celebrated every year on April 24 to remember the launch of the first satellite, Dongfanghong-1, in 1970.”可知，4月24日是航天日，纪念东方红一号发射。选项D“这一天是为纪念东方红一号发射而设立的纪念日。”符合语境，其余选项均无原文依据。 (2)题： 根据第二段最后一句“The Shenzhou-20 spacecraft has a better cargo space letting it carry 20% more things to the station.”可知，神舟二十号飞船载货舱经过优化，载货量提升 20%。选项A“它拥有更大的载货空间。”符合语境。 (3)题： 根据第四段第一句“Planarians are special because they can regrow body parts, like muscles and even brains, when cut.”可知，涡虫很特别，因为它们被切割后能够再生身体组织，比如肌肉，甚至大脑。选项C“它们能够重新长出失去的身体组织”符合语境。 (4)题： 根据第四段第二句“This experiment, the first of its kind in China, may help understand how to fight aging and diseases on Earth”可知，太空涡虫实验有助于解决地球人类的衰老、疾病问题，选项D“太空实验能够造福地球上人类的生活”，符合语境。 一、阅读单选 （来源:2026年山东省青岛市中考英语试题）Space Traveller’s Training Book As you know, a straight line is the shortest distance (距离) between two points, and you should always watch where you are going. However, once a spacecraft leaves Earth, many rules about travelling may stop working.Now forget all that. Let’s begin our training!1. To Go Faster, Go FartherTo get from point a to b, a spacecraft doesn’t always travel straight in space. That—1— is because of the strong force of huge objects around it. The force pulls it into a curved orbit (弯曲的轨道). In theory, a spacecraft could fly straight all the time, but this would require too much fuel (燃料) to offset (抵消) the force. Luckily, there is a better way. By following a long curved orbit, a spacecraft can use the force to reach the destination.Although the trip is longer, the spacecraft uses less fuel and arrives sooner.2. To Go Forward, Look BackwardThis sounds really strange On Earth, we—2— usually travel by watching the road ahead. We change our speed or direction according to how close we are to the final position. But in space, it is just the opposite. Most spacecraft never “see” where they’re going or where they will arrive. For example, a spacecraft doesn’t see the Moon or other planets getting close. How does it know whether to go forward or not? A spacecraft can tell its position by knowing the distance it has travelled from—3— where it started. The starting point is usually Earth.3.        ▲       We can use a signal (信号) travelling at light-speed to check the speed. A spacecraft sends a signal to Earth. By timing how long the signal takes to travel from the spacecraft to Earth and then go back to the spacecraft, we can work out the speed.Your training is complete. Good luck!—4— 1. What can we know about a spacecraft from Part 1 “To Go Faster, Go Farther”? A. It goes a shorter way to arrive sooner. B. The force from Earth decides its orbit. C. Flying in curved orbit is a better way. D. It uses less fuel to fly straight in space. 2. What does the underlined word “destination” mean? A. Something that provides more fuel. B. A place where someone is going. C. Something that people hope to achieve. D. A road that people take to reach a place. 3. Why does a spacecraft look backward when travelling in space? A. To know how far it has travelled. B. To remember the way it has flown. C. To find out where other planets are. D. To take a look at our beautiful Earth. 4. Which can be put in      ▲     ? A. To Return to Earth, Send a Signal B. To Check Speed, Time a Signal C. To Know Speed, Go Back to Earth D. To Go Faster, Move at Light-speed 5. What’s the purpose of the training book? A. To show different parts in a spacecraft. B. To remind people of the danger in space. C. To introduce basic facts about space travel. D. To describe key steps in designing a spacecraft. 【答案】1. C     2. B     3. A     4. B     5. C      【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了航天器在太空航行时的几条基础航行知识与训练内容。 (1)题： 根据第1部分中“By following a long curved orbit, a spacecraft can use the force to reach the destination. Although the trip is longer, the spacecraft uses less fuel and arrives sooner.”可知，虽然沿弯曲轨道飞行的路程更长，但是航天器消耗更少的燃料，还可以更快抵达目标，所以沿着弯曲轨道飞行是一种更好的航行方式。 (2)题： 根据第1部分中“In theory, a spacecraft could fly straight all the time, but this would require too much fuel to offset the force. Luckily, there is a better way. By following a long curved orbit, a spacecraft can use the force to reach the destination.”可知，航天器选择弯曲轨道的最终目的就是飞到自己计划去往的位置，由此可以判断destination代表某人将要前往的地点。 (3)题： 根据第2部分中“A spacecraft can tell its position by knowing the distance it has travelled from where it started.”可知，航天器在太空中无法看见前方道路，它只能依靠自己距离起点的路程，来判断自身所处的位置以及已经飞行了多远，所以它要回顾自己走过的路程。 (4)题： 根据第3部分中“We can use a signal travelling at light‑speed to check the speed. A spacecraft sends a signal to Earth. By timing how long the signal takes to travel from the spacecraft to Earth and then go back to the spacecraft, we can work out the speed.”可知，本段完整介绍了航天器向地球发射信号，通过测算信号往返花费的时长，进而计算出航天器飞行速度的方法，因此小标题选“To Check Speed, Time a Signal”最为合适。 (5)题： 通读全文可知，整篇文章分别从提速远航、向前航行向后观测、借助信号测速三个板块讲解太空航行的原理，属于太空旅行相关的科普知识，由此可知这份训练手册的写作目的就是介绍有关太空旅行的基础事实与常识。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $