Unit 6 Section A Grammar Focus 4a-4c（课时分层练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 练习以“Beyond Earth”为主题，采用A/B/C组+拓展分层设计，从基础词汇语法到语篇阅读再到中考衔接，梯度清晰，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|核心词汇与基础语法|单词拼写（外星的、火箭）、被动语态转换，巩固单元基础| |B组|词汇运用与语法综合|选词填空（solar system）、语法填空（时态语态），提升语言运用能力| |C组|语篇理解与思维推断|火星探测器阅读单选，培养信息提取与推理能力| |拓展|中考题型衔接|2026年龙东中考选词填空，实现日常教学与测评对接|

Unit 6 Beyond Earth Section A Grammar Focus 4a-4c A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. Scientists are doing research on 　　　　　　　　 (外星的) life in space. 2. Your pencil box is 　　　　　　　　 my pencil box, and they are both blue.（相似的） 3. Who will 　　　　　　　　 (发现) the secret? 4. The engineers are designing a new r　　　　　　　　 (火箭) to carry supplies to the space station. 5. 学科融合 太阳能 We can use s　　　　　　　　 (太阳的) energy to heat water and generate electricity. 6. The houses are 　　　　　　　　 (clean) by students on duty this weekend. 7. Many old traditions 　　　　　　　　 (pass) down from our ancestors. 二、完成句子 1. 因为天气不好，他们将取消去太空博物馆的行程。 Because of the bad weather, they will 　　　　　　　　 the trip to the space museum. 2. 这个项目将要求学生做关于太空探索的研究。 This project will 　　　　　　　　 students to do research on space exploration. 3. 莫言的很多小说已经被翻译成几十种语言。 Many of Mo Yan’s novels 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 dozens of languages. 4. 她对即将到来的音乐会感到兴奋。 She 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 the coming concert. 5. 长期以来，科学家们一直都知道宇宙中充满了恒星。 For a long time, scientists have known that the universe 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 stars. 6. 这个故事为我国几乎所有青少年所熟知。 This story 　　　　　　　　　　 almost all the teenagers in our country. 7. 它们的大小和温度相似，可能还有水存在。 They are 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　, and they might have water. 8. 这本杂志下个月将发表一篇关于未来太空旅行的文章。 The magazine will 　　　　　　　　 an article about future space travel next month. 9. The government will build a new airport near our city. (改为被动句) A new airport 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 by the government near our city. 三、单项选择 1. Many new factories ________ in our city in the past few years. A. set up B. have set up C. have been set up D. are setting up 2. A big museum about space ________ in our city soon. A. builds B. will be built C. was built 一、选词填空 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空 satellite   maybe   rocket   explore   solar 1. The 　　　　　　　　 system includes the sun and its planets. 2. Many 　　　　　　　　 have been sent into space to carry out different tasks. 3. China has sent several 　　　　　　　　 into space to study the moon. 4. Space 　　　　　　　　 is very important for humans to know more about the universe. 5. 　　　　　　　　 we will travel to other planets in the future. 二、语法填空 1. 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Space exploration 　　　　1　　　　 (be) one of mankind’s greatest dreams. Long ago, stars 　　　　2　　　　 (watch) only with our eyes. Now powerful tools 　　　　3　　　　 (use) to explore outer space. China’s Tiangong Space Station 　　　　4　　　　 (finish) two years ago. Many astronauts 　　　　5　　　　 (send) there to do experiments since then. A telescope 　　　　6　　　　 (call) Xuntian will fly near the station soon. It 　　　　7　　　　 (produce) clear pictures of faraway galaxies. Scientists wonder 　　　　8　　　　 there is life on other planets. More tasks 　　　　9　　　　 (plan) in the next ten years. We believe more secrets of the universe 　　　　10　　　　 (find) with hard work. 一、阅读单选 A篇 The Mars Exploration Robot Last month, China’s space scientists sent a new robot, named “Zhurong”, to Mars. Zhurong is a Mars rover. Its job is to explore the surface of Mars, take pictures, and study the soil and weather there. It uses solar panels to get power from the sun. Zhurong has already sent back a lot of important data and amazing photos. One of its biggest discoveries is finding signs that there might once have been water on Mars. This helps scientists understand if Mars could have supported life in the past. Zhurong’s successful mission shows China’s great progress in space technology. 1. What is the main job of the Zhurong rover? A. To take tourists to Mars. B. To communicate with aliens. C. To build a house on Mars. D. To explore Mars and study its surface. 2. How does Zhurong get its power? A. From batteries brought from Earth. B. From wind energy on Mars. C. From solar panels. D. From nuclear energy. 3. What important discovery did Zhurong make? A. It found signs that there might once have been water. B. It met astronauts from another country. C. It found new plants on Mars. D. It discovered gold under the soil. 4. What does Zhurong’s success show? A. Mars is very close to Earth. B. China has made great progress in space technology. C. Robots are better than scientists. D. Water is easy to find on Mars. 5. What is the best title for this passage? A. Life on Mars B. China’s Successful Mars Exploration C. How to Build a Robot D. The History of Space Travel B篇 On April 24, 2025, China made a great achievement in space! The Shenzhou-20 spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center smoothly with a loud roar (轰隆声). Millions of people watched the live broadcast (直播) on TV excitedly as three astronauts — Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie — started their exciting space journey. Chen Dong has been to space twice before, and this is his third trip to lead the team. Chen Zhongrui, an experienced astronaut, is on his second space mission. Wang Jie, the youngest astronaut in China, is on his first space mission and feels proud. This task is very important for China’s space program. The astronauts will live and work in China Space Station for six months. They will do interesting science activities: growing special space plants, testing new tools, studying how the human body changes without gravity, repairing some equipment on the space station and taking many clear photos of Earth and distant stars. Their work helps scientists learn more about space and prepares us for future trips to the moon and Mars. China hopes other countries will join in space exploration too. By sharing discoveries, Shenzhou-20 tells students that space is for everyone and encourages them to love science and chase their dreams. The astronauts studied hard for years. Their story teaches us: Keep trying and never give up — you can achieve great things! Maybe you will be an astronaut someday! 1. How does the writer start the passage? A. By asking a question. B. By giving a fact. C. By telling a story. D. By describing a dream. 2. Who was on the space mission for the first time? A. Wang Jie. B. Chen Dong. C. Yang Liwei. D. Chen Zhongrui. 3. Why do the astronauts do science activities in space? A. To make their trip fun. B. To show off new tools. C. To take photos for friends. D. To help future space exploration. 4. How does Shenzhou-20 influence students? A. It gives them space plants. B. It teaches them to fly rockets. C. It encourages them to love science. D. It invites them to visit the space station. 5. What would be the best structure of the passage? A.  B.  C.  D.  一、选词填空 （来源:2026年黑龙江省龙东地区中考英语试题）从方框中选择适当的词填空，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有一个词为多余项。 environment     But     growth     true     temperature     to     colder     build Some scientists think that Mars might be the next place for humans to live. This idea will come 　　　1　　　 someday. To live on Mars, humans need water, food, a place to live, and a warm 　　　2　　　 with enough oxygen (氧气). 　　　3　　　 Mars is not Earth. We have to change the environment on Mars so that it is similar 　　　4　　　 Earth’s. One of the main goals is to warm it up because the average 　　　5　　　 there is about -60℃. One idea to make Mars warm is to 　　　6　　　 factories that produce greenhouse gases there. This could lead to rain and the 　　　7　　　 of plants. And it could bring us one step closer to our dream of living on Mars. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth Section A Grammar Focus 4a-4c A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. Scientists are doing research on 　　　　　　　　 (外星的) life in space. 【答案】alien 【解析】句意：科学家们正在对太空中的外星生命进行研究。此处需用形容词作定语修饰名词life，“外星的”对应形容词alien，符合语境。 2. Your pencil box is 　　　　　　　　 my pencil box, and they are both blue.（相似的） 【答案】similar to 【解析】句意：你的铅笔盒和我的铅笔盒相似，它们都是蓝色的。“相似的”对应的英文形容词是“similar”，“be similar to”是固定短语，意为“与……相似”，符合语境。故填similar to。 3. Who will 　　　　　　　　 (发现) the secret? 【答案】discover 【解析】句意：谁会发现这个秘密？根据句意和汉语提示可知，discover“发现”，动词，“will”后接动词原形。故填discover。 4. The engineers are designing a new r　　　　　　　　 (火箭) to carry supplies to the space station. 【答案】rocket##ocket 【解析】句意：工程师们正在设计一枚新火箭，用来给空间站运送补给物资。根据中文提示和首字母r可知，应填名词rocket“火箭”，空格前有不定冠词a，填单数即可。 5. 学科融合 太阳能 We can use s　　　　　　　　 (太阳的) energy to heat water and generate electricity. 【答案】solar##olar 【解析】句意：我们可以利用太阳能来加热水和发电。根据汉语提示和首字母s可知，“太阳的”英文为solar，形容词；此处修饰名词energy，solar energy表示“太阳能”。 6. The houses are 　　　　　　　　 (clean) by students on duty this weekend. 【答案】going to be cleaned 【解析】 句意：这个周末，这些房子由值日学生来打扫。clean打扫，根据句意，可知本句时态为一般将来时，其结构为will/be going to do sth.，空处前面已有are，所以应用going to；The houses与clean之间是被动关系，所以要用其被动语态be cleaned，放于going to之后用动词原形be cleaned。 7. Many old traditions 　　　　　　　　 (pass) down from our ancestors. 【答案】have been passed 【解析】句意：许多古老的传统由我们的祖先传承下来。主语“Many old traditions”和动词“pass down”是被动关系，语境表示这些传统从祖先那里传承至今，是从过去开始持续到现在的动作，所以此处用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用have，故填have been passed。 二、完成句子 1. 因为天气不好，他们将取消去太空博物馆的行程。 Because of the bad weather, they will 　　　　　　　　 the trip to the space museum. 【答案】cancel 【解析】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“取消”的英文表达，cancel的含义为“取消”，符合题干中“因为天气不好要取消行程”的语境，空格前有助动词will，一般将来时的结构为“will+动词原形”，此处需要填入动词原形。 2. 这个项目将要求学生做关于太空探索的研究。 This project will 　　　　　　　　 students to do research on space exploration. 【答案】require 【解析】原句中“要求”是关键词，表示“要求”的单词是require。本句为一般将来时，will后接动词原形，应填require。 3. 莫言的很多小说已经被翻译成几十种语言。 Many of Mo Yan’s novels 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 dozens of languages. 【答案】① have    ② been    ③ translated    ④ into 【解析】原句中“被翻译成”是关键词，表示“被翻译成”的短语是be translated into。本句为现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have been+过去分词。故填have；been；translated；into。 4. 她对即将到来的音乐会感到兴奋。 She 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 the coming concert. 【答案】① is    ② excited    ③ about 【解析】原句中“对……感到兴奋”是关键词，表示“对……感到兴奋”的短语是be excited about。本句描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语She是第三人称单数，be动词用is。 5. 长期以来，科学家们一直都知道宇宙中充满了恒星。 For a long time, scientists have known that the universe 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 stars. 【答案】① is    ② filled    ③ with 【解析】原句中“充满”是关键词。“充满”对应固定短语be filled with；that引导的宾语从句中，从句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语the universe为单数，be动词使用is；is filled with在从句中作谓语。 6. 这个故事为我国几乎所有青少年所熟知。 This story 　　　　　　　　　　 almost all the teenagers in our country. 【答案】is known to 【解析】原句中“为……所熟知”是关键词。固定搭配be known to sb.意为“为某人所熟知”。句子主语是“This story”，是动作“知晓”的承受者，需使用被动语态；句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时。主语“This story”是单数，be动词选用is。故填is known to。 7. 它们的大小和温度相似，可能还有水存在。 They are 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　, and they might have water. 【答案】① of    ② a    ③ similar    ④ size    ⑤ and    ⑥ temperature 【解析】原句中“大小和温度相似”是关键词，表示“大小和温度相似”的短语是be of a similar size and temperature。本句为一般现在时，be动词are后接该固定搭配作表语。 8. 这本杂志下个月将发表一篇关于未来太空旅行的文章。 The magazine will 　　　　　　　　 an article about future space travel next month. 【答案】publish 【解析】原句中文“发表”是关键词。在英语中，杂志、出版社“发表”或“出版”文章，常用动词publish。句中“will”是情态动词，后接动词原形publish。 9. The government will build a new airport near our city. (改为被动句) A new airport 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 by the government near our city. 【答案】① will    ② be    ③ built 【解析】句意：政府将在我们城市附近修建一座新机场。原句为一般将来时主动语态，一般将来时被动语态结构为will be + 动词过去分词；主语A new airport与build是被动关系，build的过去分词为built，will be built符合题意。 三、单项选择 1. Many new factories ________ in our city in the past few years. A. set up B. have set up C. have been set up D. are setting up 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在过去几年里，我们城市建起了许多新工厂。 时间状语in the past few years（在过去几年），是现在完成时标志，结构为：have/has + 过去分词，排除A（一般过去时主动）、D（现在进行时主动）。 主语Many new factories（工厂）和set up（建立）是被动关系，工厂 “被建立”，要用被动语态。排除B，选C。 2. A big museum about space ________ in our city soon. A. builds B. will be built C. was built 【答案】B 【解析】句意：一座关于太空的大型博物馆很快将在我们的城市建成。 builds建造；will be built将被建造；was built被建造了。时间状语“soon”表示将来，主语“A big museum”与动词“build”之间为被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态“will be built”。 一、选词填空 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空 satellite   maybe   rocket   explore   solar 1. The 　　　　　　　　 system includes the sun and its planets. 2. Many 　　　　　　　　 have been sent into space to carry out different tasks. 3. China has sent several 　　　　　　　　 into space to study the moon. 4. Space 　　　　　　　　 is very important for humans to know more about the universe. 5. 　　　　　　　　 we will travel to other planets in the future. 【答案】1. solar     2. satellites     3. rockets     4. exploration     5. Maybe      【解析】(1)题： 句意：太阳系包括太阳及其行星。根据“the sun and its planets”可知，指太阳系，solar意为“太阳的”，solar system是固定短语，意为“太阳系”。 (2)题： 句意：许多卫星已被送入太空执行不同的任务。根据“carry out different tasks”及常识，在太空中执行任务的是卫星，satellite卫星，空前有Many之后应用复数形式satellites。 (3)题： 句意：中国已向太空发射了几枚火箭来研究月球。根据“... sent several ... into space to study the moon.”可知，此处指发射运载工具，rocket火箭，符合句意，空前有several之后应用复数形式rockets。 (4)题： 句意：太空探索对于人类了解更多宇宙知识非常重要。根据“... to know more about the universe”可知，此处表达“太空探索”，空格处在句中作主语，且“Space ...”构成名词短语，explore为动词“探索”，应变为名词exploration。 (5)题： 句意：也许我们在未来会去其他星球旅行。根据“will travel to other planets”可知，是可能去其他星球旅行，空格位于句首，表示推测，应用副词maybe，放于句首则其首字母大写Maybe。 二、语法填空 1. 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Space exploration 　　　　1　　　　 (be) one of mankind’s greatest dreams. Long ago, stars 　　　　2　　　　 (watch) only with our eyes. Now powerful tools 　　　　3　　　　 (use) to explore outer space. China’s Tiangong Space Station 　　　　4　　　　 (finish) two years ago. Many astronauts 　　　　5　　　　 (send) there to do experiments since then. A telescope 　　　　6　　　　 (call) Xuntian will fly near the station soon. It 　　　　7　　　　 (produce) clear pictures of faraway galaxies. Scientists wonder 　　　　8　　　　 there is life on other planets. More tasks 　　　　9　　　　 (plan) in the next ten years. We believe more secrets of the universe 　　　　10　　　　 (find) with hard work. 【答案】1. is     2. were watched     3. are used     4. was finished     5. have been sent     6. called     7. will produce     8. if##whether     9. will be planned     10. will be found      【解析】本文介绍了人类太空探索的发展历程，从肉眼观星到使用先进工具，并展望了中国天宫空间站及未来太空探索的前景。 (1)题： 句意：太空探索是人类最伟大的梦想之一。主语Space exploration是单数概念；本句介绍客观常识，用一般现在时，be动词单数形式用is。 (2)题： 句意：很久以前，星星只能用肉眼观看。Long ago是过去时间，用一般过去时；stars是“被人们观看”，主语和watch是被动关系，要用一般过去时被动语态，stars为复数，be动词用were，watch的过去分词为watched，即were watched。 (3)题： 句意：如今人们使用先进设备去探索外太空。 Now表当下常态，用一般现在时。tools与use是被动关系（工具被使用），用被动语态。主语tools为复数，be动词用are，use的过去分词为used，所以填are used。 (4)题： 句意：中国天宫空间站于两年前建造完成。space station与finish是被动关系（被建成），用被动语态。two years ago是过去时间，用一般过去时；主语Tiangong Space Station单数，be动词用was，所以填was finished。 (5)题： 句意：从那之后，多名航天员被送往空间站开展实验。since then是现在完成时标志性时间状语；astronauts与send是被动关系（被送去），用被动语态，主语为复数 ，所以填have been sent。 (6)题： 句意：一台名为巡天的望远镜不久后将在空间站附近运行。此处是过去分词作后置定语，called Xuntian等同于定语从句which is called Xuntian，用来修饰telescope，表示“被命名为……的”，无谓语时态变化，直接填called。 (7)题： 句意：它将拍摄出遥远星系的清晰影像。前一句will fly soon提示本句为将来会发生的动作，用一般将来时“will+动词原形”，故填will produce。 (8)题： 句意：科学家们想知道其他星球上是否存在生命。本句为宾语从句，主句谓语wonder，后面表达“是否”含义，固定用if或者whether。 (9)题： 句意：未来十年还会计划更多航天任务。tasks与plan是被动关系（被计划），用被动语态。in the next ten years是将来时间，用一般将来时被动，填will be planned。 (10)题： 句意：我们相信，通过不懈努力，宇宙更多奥秘终将被发现。此处表达将来的预期，用一般将来时；secrets是被人类发现，用被动语态，所以填will be found。 一、阅读单选 A篇 The Mars Exploration Robot Last month, China’s space scientists sent a new robot, named “Zhurong”, to Mars. Zhurong is a Mars rover. Its job is to explore the surface of Mars, take pictures, and study the soil and weather there. It uses solar panels to get power from the sun. Zhurong has already sent back a lot of important data and amazing photos. One of its biggest discoveries is finding signs that there might once have been water on Mars. This helps scientists understand if Mars could have supported life in the past. Zhurong’s successful mission shows China’s great progress in space technology. 1. What is the main job of the Zhurong rover? A. To take tourists to Mars. B. To communicate with aliens. C. To build a house on Mars. D. To explore Mars and study its surface. 2. How does Zhurong get its power? A. From batteries brought from Earth. B. From wind energy on Mars. C. From solar panels. D. From nuclear energy. 3. What important discovery did Zhurong make? A. It found signs that there might once have been water. B. It met astronauts from another country. C. It found new plants on Mars. D. It discovered gold under the soil. 4. What does Zhurong’s success show? A. Mars is very close to Earth. B. China has made great progress in space technology. C. Robots are better than scientists. D. Water is easy to find on Mars. 5. What is the best title for this passage? A. Life on Mars B. China’s Successful Mars Exploration C. How to Build a Robot D. The History of Space Travel 【答案】1. D     2. C     3. A     4. B     5. B      【解析】本文介绍了中国火星探测机器人“祝融号”的任务、动力来源、重要发现，以及其任务成功体现的中国航天技术进步。 (1)题： 细节理解题。根据“Its job is to explore the surface of Mars, take pictures, and study the soil and weather there”可知，祝融号的主要任务是探测火星并研究其表面。故选D。 (2)题： 细节理解题。根据“It uses solar panels to get power from the sun”可知，祝融号通过太阳能板获取能量。故选C。 (3)题： 细节理解题。根据“One of its biggest discoveries is finding signs that there might once have been water on Mars”可知，祝融号的重要发现是找到了火星曾存在水的迹象。故选A。 (4)题： 细节理解题。根据“Zhurong’s successful mission shows China’s great progress in space technology”可知，祝融号的成功体现了中国航天技术的巨大进步。故选B。 (5)题： 最佳标题题。文章围绕中国“祝融号”火星探测任务展开，介绍了其任务、成果及意义，“China’s Successful Mars Exploration（中国成功的火星探测）”最契合主题。故选B。 B篇 On April 24, 2025, China made a great achievement in space! The Shenzhou-20 spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center smoothly with a loud roar (轰隆声). Millions of people watched the live broadcast (直播) on TV excitedly as three astronauts — Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie — started their exciting space journey. Chen Dong has been to space twice before, and this is his third trip to lead the team. Chen Zhongrui, an experienced astronaut, is on his second space mission. Wang Jie, the youngest astronaut in China, is on his first space mission and feels proud. This task is very important for China’s space program. The astronauts will live and work in China Space Station for six months. They will do interesting science activities: growing special space plants, testing new tools, studying how the human body changes without gravity, repairing some equipment on the space station and taking many clear photos of Earth and distant stars. Their work helps scientists learn more about space and prepares us for future trips to the moon and Mars. China hopes other countries will join in space exploration too. By sharing discoveries, Shenzhou-20 tells students that space is for everyone and encourages them to love science and chase their dreams. The astronauts studied hard for years. Their story teaches us: Keep trying and never give up — you can achieve great things! Maybe you will be an astronaut someday! 1. How does the writer start the passage? A. By asking a question. B. By giving a fact. C. By telling a story. D. By describing a dream. 2. Who was on the space mission for the first time? A. Wang Jie. B. Chen Dong. C. Yang Liwei. D. Chen Zhongrui. 3. Why do the astronauts do science activities in space? A. To make their trip fun. B. To show off new tools. C. To take photos for friends. D. To help future space exploration. 4. How does Shenzhou-20 influence students? A. It gives them space plants. B. It teaches them to fly rockets. C. It encourages them to love science. D. It invites them to visit the space station. 5. What would be the best structure of the passage? A.  B.  C.  D.  【答案】1. B     2. A     3. D     4. C     5. B      【解析】本文介绍了神舟二十号发射升空，介绍航天员、太空任务，讲述此次任务的意义以及带给青少年的启示。 (1)题： 推理判断题。根据开头“On April 24, 2025, China made a great achievement in space! The Shenzhou-20 spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center smoothly with a loud roar”可知，作者以“神舟二十号成功发射”这一事实开篇。 (2)题： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Wang Jie, the youngest astronaut in China, is on his first space mission and feels proud”可知，王杰是首次执行太空任务。 (3)题： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Their work helps scientists learn more about space and prepares us for future trips to the moon and Mars”可知，宇航员进行太空科学活动是为助力未来的太空探索。 (4)题： 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Shenzhou-20 tells students that space is for everyone and encourages them to love science and chase their dreams”可知，神舟二十号对学生的影响是鼓励他们热爱科学。 (5)题： 篇章结构题。根据文章结构可知，①对应开头总述神舟二十号发射的太空成就；②③④分别分述宇航员情况、太空科学活动和任务意义；⑤对应结尾总结启示，所以本文是总—分—总结构。 一、选词填空 （来源:2026年黑龙江省龙东地区中考英语试题）从方框中选择适当的词填空，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有一个词为多余项。 environment     But     growth     true     temperature     to     colder     build Some scientists think that Mars might be the next place for humans to live. This idea will come 　　　1　　　 someday. To live on Mars, humans need water, food, a place to live, and a warm 　　　2　　　 with enough oxygen (氧气). 　　　3　　　 Mars is not Earth. We have to change the environment on Mars so that it is similar 　　　4　　　 Earth’s. One of the main goals is to warm it up because the average 　　　5　　　 there is about -60℃. One idea to make Mars warm is to 　　　6　　　 factories that produce greenhouse gases there. This could lead to rain and the 　　　7　　　 of plants. And it could bring us one step closer to our dream of living on Mars. 【答案】1. true     2. environment     3. But     4. to     5. temperature     6. build     7. growth      【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述科学家认为火星可能成为人类未来居住地，但需改变环境使其类似地球，比如升温、建工厂产生温室气体以促进植物生长。 (1)题： 句意：这个想法总有一天会实现。此处指想法会实现，come true表示“实现”，与梦想成真的语境吻合。 (2)题： 句意：人类需要水、食物、住所和一个温暖且有足够氧气的环境。前文提到生存所需的基本条件，此处指带有充足氧气的温暖环境，environment指“环境”，与“with enough oxygen”搭配，说明火星需要改造出适合生存的环境。 (3)题： 句意：但是火星不是地球。前句说需要温暖环境，后句说火星和地球不同，前后是转折关系，故用But。 (4)题： 句意：我们必须改变火星环境，使其类似于地球。similar to为固定搭配，表示“与……相似”，说明改造目标是接近地球状态。 (5)题： 句意：主要目标之一是升温，因为那里的平均温度约-60℃。后文给出具体数值，temperature指“温度”，与零下60度直接相关。 (6)题： 句意：让火星变暖的一个想法是在那里建造产生温室气体的工厂。build factories为固定搭配，不定式to后接原形，表示“建造”工厂来实现升温。 (7)题： 句意：这可能导致降雨和植物的生长。此处指植物的生长，growth指“生长”，与plants搭配，说明植物得以生长的结果。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $