Unit 5 Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c （课时分层练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 分层清晰，从基础词汇句型到语篇应用，衔接中考，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组 巩固过关|核心词汇（如challenge、layer）、基础句型（被动语态转换）|单词拼写、单项选择等基础题型，直接对应Grammar focus语法点，夯实语言基础| |B组 能力进阶|语法综合应用（时态、被动语态）|语境化语法填空（如短文"Ideas That Changed the World"），提升语言运用能力| |C组 思维拔高|语篇理解（说明文阅读）|阅读单选（如机器人博览会、青藏铁路），考查细节与推理，培养思维品质| |拓展 链接中考|中考考点（词汇运用）|真题情境（2026年内蒙古中考题），衔接测评，提升应试能力|

Unit 5 Power of Ideas Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. She will face a new (挑战) 　　　　　　　　 in the coming exam. 2. There is a thick 　　　　　　　　 (层) of ice on the lake. 3. —Why do people develop this industry? —It helps improve local 　　　　　　　　 (经济) conditions. 4. In many countries, it is often not polite to ask very direct questions when you meet someone 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (第一次) 5. Do you s　　　　　　　　 (认为；料想) we can finish the task before noon? 6. She rolled the heavy box on a w　　　　　　　　 (轮子) to save energy. 7. We can g　　　　　　　　 much knowledge from old books. (获得；取得) 8. The workers use a metal p　　　　　　　　 (管子) to repair the water systems. 9. With the development of t　　　　　　　　 (旅游业), there are many visitors in Anhui. 10. —What’s your t　　　　　　　　　 number? —It’s (010) 8635-0908. 11. R　　　　　　　　 is an important i　　　　　　　　 in modern society. 12. The sun rises in the 　　　　　　　　 (east) sky every morning. 13. You're not supposed   　　　　　　　　　　(speak) loudly at the table in the USA． 14. He is a 　　　　　　　　 (create) writer. He wrote a lot of good novels. 15. If you travel a short 　　　　　　　　 (distant), you shouldn’t take a bus or a taxi, but walk or ride a bike. 16. Look at the 　　　　　　　　 (freeze) river. I don’t think we can row a boat today. 17. Nothing is 　　　　　　　　 (possible) if you work hard and believe in yourself. 18. The ice will 　　　　　　　　 (melt) when spring comes. 二、完成句子 1. 新建高铁有助于带动旅游、促进经济发展。 The new high-speed railway helps 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 and 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　   　　　　　　　　. 2. 然而，几百年后，随着轮子的发明，一切都改变了。 However, a few hundred years later, 　　　　　　　　. 3. 那些电话机是什么颜色的？ What color 　　　　　　　　 the 　　　　　　　　? 4. 有一天，一位智者老者来到皇宫，国王便向他发起挑战。 One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king 　　　　　　　　 him to a game. 5. 他敲裂了水管子，弄得房间里到处充满了水。 He hit a 　　　　　　　 and 　　　　　　　the room with water. 6. 1876年，亚历山大•贝尔发明了电话。 The telephone 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 by Alexander Bell in 1876. 7. We must finish the work before Friday. (改为被动语态) The work 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 before Friday. 8. People use mobile phones to communicate. （将下列句子改为被动语态） → Mobile phones 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to communicate. 9. I suppose he will stick to his dream.   (改为否定句) I 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 he will stick to his dream. 三、单项选择 1. —The ancient buildings in Jiujiang ________ well! —You are right. They are the symbols of our history and culture. A. are protecting B. protected C. must protect D. must be protected 2. — What’s the ________ from your home to our school? — It’s about 2 kilometers, so I usually walk to school. A. distance B. length C. space D. time 3. The first plane ________ by the Wright brothers in 1903. A. invent B. invented C. was invented D. is invented 4. Jenny is the ________ student in our class because she always has great ideas. A. most careful B. most creative C. most patient D. most generous 5. If you practice speaking English every day, you’ll ________ more confidence little by little. A. waste B. promise C. gain D. refuse 6. It is ________ for us to finish the task without any help. A. possible B. impossible C. excellent D. risky 7. — The ice will ________ quickly when the sun comes out. — Yes, we’d better take the ice cream inside now. A. freeze B. melt C. boil D. burn 8. Beijing is in ________ China and China is a(n) ________ country. A. North; Western B. northern; Eastern C. South; Eastern D. East; West 9. The temperature ________ again in North-east China. The rivers and lakes were ________. A. dropped; freeze B. rose; freeze C. dropped; frozen D. rose; frozen 10. —Hello! Is that Miss Green speaking? —Sorry, you have the wrong ______. A. number B. name C. address D. telephone 11. —Why does the earth look blue in space? —Because most of the earth’s surface ________ by water. A. covers B. is covered C. was covered 一、选词填空 选用方框中动词的正确形式填空（每个限用一次） invent   connect   introduce   press   find 1. The telephone 　　　　　　　　　 by Alexander Bell in 1876. 2. People all over the world 　　　　　　　　　 to each other through the internet. 3. The word “robot” 　　　　　　　　　　 for the first time in a play in 1920. 4. A loud noise was made when the button 　　　　　　　　　 to start the machine. 5. The world’s oldest wheel 　　　　　　　　　　 in Eastern Europe. 二、语法填空 1. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Ideas That Changed the World Throughout history, there 　　　　1　　　　 (be) many inventions that changed the way we live. Some of them 　　　　2　　　　 (create) by accident. Others came from years of hard work. One such invention is the telephone. It 　　　　3　　　　 (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. Before the telephone 　　　　4　　　　 (invent), people had to write letters or travel long distances to talk 　　　　5　　　　 each other. The first telephone call 　　　　6　　　　 (make) by Bell to his assistant. He said, “Mr. Watson, come here. I want to see you.” These simple words 　　　　7　　　　 (become) a historic moment. Nowadays, mobile phones 　　　　8　　　　 (use) by billions of people. They are much 　　　　9　　　　 (smart) than the first telephone. However, all modern phones are built 　　　　10　　　　 Bell’s original idea. 一、阅读单选 A篇 China Media Group (CMG), China’s main TV and radio group, held its “nanny robot expo” (保姆机器人博览会) in Beijing on July 29th, 2025. The expo shows how robots change daily life in four areas: smart healthcare, smart homes, family education and community care. These nanny robots make people’s life more convenient. There is an interesting interactive (交互式的) activity at the expo. Visitors can try it by themselves and see how nanny robots help with housework and family tasks. CMG also shows its new micro-documentary series (微纪录片系列) called “Hi! Robot”.    ▲    It looks at the latest home-service robots and talks about how these robots may come into Chinese families. Over 30 people take part in the experience, such as futurists science experts from China and other countries, and users from different countries. CMG gives a report on the nanny robot industry’s development. It says more and more old people need care and new technologies let robots decide what to do and improve by themselves. In the coming years, CMG will hold more expos about robots to improve robotics technology. 1. When did CMG hold the “nanny robot expo” in Beijing? A. On July 30th, 2025. B. On July 29th, 2025. C. On August 29th, 2025. D. On July 29th, 2024. 2. What does the underlined word “convenient” mean in Paragraph 1? A. Difficult. B. Challenging. C. Safe. D. Easy. 3. Which of the following can be put in    ▲    in Paragraph 3? A. The series has five short films about robot stories. B. The expo also got many foreign visitors. C. Some robots can help old people live alone safely. D. Many students visited the expo with their teachers. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Visitors can’t take part in interactive activities. B. Nanny robots will not enter Chinese families. C. CMG wants to help develop robotics technology. D. No foreign experts are interested in the expo. 5. Which is the best title for the passage? A. The History of Nanny Robots B. CMG’s Nanny Robot Expo in Beijing C. How to Make a Nanny Robot D. Different Kinds of Robots in the World B篇 Creative Ideas Solve Difficult Problems The Qinghai—Xizang Railway is a great example of how creative ideas can solve difficult problems. It was completed in 2006 and is the highest railway in the world, reaching over 5,000 metres above sea level. One of the biggest challenges was the frozen ground. In summer, the top layer of frozen ground would melt and become soft. This made it impossible to build the railway directly on the ground. To solve this problem, engineers used pipes to keep the ground hard. The pipes were placed under the ground and helped maintain a low temperature. In some areas, the frozen ground was too soft even with the pipes. So engineers decided to build tunnels through the mountains instead of building on the ground. In other places, they built bridges over the soft ground. These bridges were designed to be animal-friendly so that wild animals could pass under them safely. Today, the railway is not only a transportation route but also a symbol of human creativity and determination. It has brought economic development and tourism to the region, and it continues to inspire people around the world. 1. When was the Qinghai—Xizang Railway completed? A. In 1901. B. In 1920. C. In 2006. D. In 2010. 2. What was one of the biggest challenges in building the railway? A. The high cost. B. The frozen ground. C. The lack of workers. D. The long distance. 3. How did engineers solve the problem of the frozen ground? A. They built the railway higher. B. They used pipes to keep the ground cold. C. They used stronger materials. D. They changed the route. 4. Why were the bridges built? A. To make the railway faster. B. To allow animals to pass under. C. To reduce the cost. D. To connect two cities. 5. What does the writer think of the Qinghai—Xizang Railway? A. It is a waste of money. B. It is a symbol of creativity and determination. C. It is too expensive to build. D. It is not useful for local people. 一、选词填空 （来源:2026年内蒙古自治区中考英语试题）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或词组并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。(每词或词组限用一次。) small       be       make       although       such as Do you know that scientists can put time into a small chip (芯片)? Recently, Chinese scientists have made the world’s smallest atomic (原子能的) clock. It 　　　　1　　　　 so small that it looks just as big as a coin. 　　　　2　　　　 the clock is small, it can tell time clearly and correctly. Over more than 30,000 years, its error is still less than one second! Earlier, similar clocks from other countries were 17 cm³. But the new clock from Wuhan University is only 2.3 cm³, much 　　　　3　　　　. It looks tiny, but it is very useful. It can be helpful in modern science and technology, 　　　　4　　　　 man-made satellites in space, drone groups in the sky and underwater machines in the sea. China has made great progress in ultra-precise (超高精度的) timing technology. Now scientists can 　　　　5　　　　 this kind of clock in large numbers. It will also be used in other high-tech fields in the future. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Power of Ideas Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. She will face a new (挑战) 　　　　　　　　 in the coming exam. 【答案】challenge 【解析】句意：在即将到来的考试中，她将面临新的挑战。根据中文提示，challenge“挑战”符合题意，a接可数名词单数。 2. There is a thick 　　　　　　　　 (层) of ice on the lake. 【答案】layer 【解析】句意：湖面上有一层厚厚的冰。layer“层”，不定冠词“a”后接单数名词。 3. —Why do people develop this industry? —It helps improve local 　　　　　　　　 (经济) conditions. 【答案】economic 【解析】句意：——人们为什么发展这个行业？——因为它有助于改善当地的经济状况。根据汉语提示及名词“conditions”，可知此处需要形容词作定语；economic表示“经济的”，是形容词。 4. In many countries, it is often not polite to ask very direct questions when you meet someone 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (第一次) 【答案】for the first time 【解析】句意：在很多国家，当你第一次见到别人的时候问一些直接的问题是不礼貌的。“第一次”短语for the first time。故填for the first time。 5. Do you s　　　　　　　　 (认为；料想) we can finish the task before noon? 【答案】suppose##uppose 【解析】句意：你认为正午之前我们可以完成这个任务吗？根据所给单词首字母，结合汉语意思可知，“认为”英文为suppose，放于助动词Do之后用动词原形suppose。 6. She rolled the heavy box on a w　　　　　　　　 (轮子) to save energy. 【答案】wheel##heel 【解析】句意：她为了节省体力，在一个轮子上滚动了那个重箱子。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，wheel“轮子”，名词，此处作介词on的宾语，空前有a，因此用单数形式。 7. We can g　　　　　　　　 much knowledge from old books. (获得；取得) 【答案】gain 【解析】句意：我们可以从旧书中获取很多知识。根据中文及单词首字母，此处是指gain，情态动词can后面必须接动词原形，应填gain。 8. The workers use a metal p　　　　　　　　 (管子) to repair the water systems. 【答案】pipe##ipe 【解析】句意：工人们使用一根金属管子来维修供水系统。根据汉语提示及首字母可知，“管子”的英文表达为pipe，名词；前面有不定冠词a，故使用名词单数形式。 9. With the development of t　　　　　　　　 (旅游业), there are many visitors in Anhui. 【答案】tourism##ourism 【解析】句意：随着旅游业的发展，安徽有很多游客。根据首字母以及括号内提示词可推断这里表示“旅游业”，tourism意为“旅游业”，不可数名词，在此处作介词of的宾语。故填tourism。 10. —What’s your t　　　　　　　　　 number? —It’s (010) 8635-0908. 【答案】(t)elephone 【解析】【分析】 句意：——你的电话号码是多少？—— (010) 8635-0908。根据回答“It’s (010) 8635-0908.”可知这是一个电话号码，用telephone number表示。故填(t)elephone。 11. R　　　　　　　　 is an important i　　　　　　　　 in modern society. 【答案】① Robot##obot    ② invention##nvention 【解析】句意：机器人是现代社会一项重要的发明。第一空处在句子主语的位置，谓语动词为is，说明主语是单数名词。结合给出的首字母R，再联系后半句“现代社会”这一背景，Robot（机器人）符合句意，单词位于句首，首字母需要大写。 第二空前面有不定冠词an以及形容词important，由此可以判断空格处必须填写单数可数名词。结合首字母i，再对应主语机器人这一新生造物，invention意为“发明物”，贴合整句话的语境。故填Robot；invention。 12. The sun rises in the 　　　　　　　　 (east) sky every morning. 【答案】eastern 【解析】句意：太阳每天早上从东方的天空升起。根据空格后“sky”是名词，结合所给词可知，east“东方”，名词，此处应填入其形容词eastern，形容词，作定语，修饰名词sky，意为“东方的”，指的是东方的天空。故填eastern。 13. You're not supposed   　　　　　　　　　　(speak) loudly at the table in the USA． 【答案】to speak 【解析】句意：在美国，你不应该在餐桌上大声说话。此处用于“be supposed to do sth”短语中，意为“应该做某事”，所以用其动词不定式形式，故填to speak。 14. He is a 　　　　　　　　 (create) writer. He wrote a lot of good novels. 【答案】creative 【解析】句意：他是一位有创造力的作家。他写了很多好小说。create“创造”，是动词，根据句子结构可知，此处应用形容词creative“有创造力的”，作定语修饰名词writer。故填creative。 15. If you travel a short 　　　　　　　　 (distant), you shouldn’t take a bus or a taxi, but walk or ride a bike. 【答案】distance 【解析】句意：如果你短途出行，你不应该乘公交车或出租车，而应该步行或骑自行车。空格前有不定冠词“a”和形容词“short”，需要填名词作宾语。所给词“distant”为形容词，其名词形式为“distance”，意为“距离”。 16. Look at the 　　　　　　　　 (freeze) river. I don’t think we can row a boat today. 【答案】frozen 【解析】句意：看那条结冰的河。我想我们今天不能划船了。句中空格位于定冠词“the”和名词“river”之间，此处需要填入一个形容词来修饰名词“river”。动词“freeze”（结冰/冻结）的过去分词形式frozen可作形容词使用，意为“冰冻的；冻结的”，符合语境，故填frozen。 17. Nothing is 　　　　　　　　 (possible) if you work hard and believe in yourself. 【答案】impossible 【解析】句意：只要你努力奋斗、相信自己，没有什么是不可能的。possible意为“可能的”，形容词。根据“Nothing is ... if you work hard and believe in yourself.”可知，此处指努力奋斗、相信自己，没有什么是不可能的。此处应用possible的反义形容词形式impossible，意为“不可能的”。 18. The ice will 　　　　　　　　 (melt) when spring comes. 【答案】melt 【解析】句意：当春天来临时，冰会融化。句中“will”是一般将来时的助动词，后面需要接动词原形，melt本身就是动词原形。 二、完成句子 1. 新建高铁有助于带动旅游、促进经济发展。 The new high-speed railway helps 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 and 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　   　　　　　　　　. 【答案】① boost    ② tourism    ③ promote    ④ economic    ⑤ development 【解析】原句中的“带动旅游”和“促进经济发展”是关键词，help (to) do sth.表示“有助于做某”，boost tourism表示“带动旅游”，promote economic development表示“促进经济发展”。 2. 然而，几百年后，随着轮子的发明，一切都改变了。 However, a few hundred years later, 　　　　　　　　. 【答案】everything changed with the invention of the wheel 【解析】原文中“一切都改变了”和“随着轮子的发明”是关键词，时态为一般过去时，表示“一切都改变了”译为everything changed，其中主语为everything，changed为谓语；“随着轮子的发明”译为with the invention of the wheel，作状语。故填everything changed with the invention of the wheel。 3. 那些电话机是什么颜色的？ What color 　　　　　　　　 the 　　　　　　　　? 【答案】① are    ② telephones##phones    【解析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少“是”和“那些电话”。特殊疑问句的结构为“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”，telephone/phone电话，变为复数直接在后面加s，即telephones和phones，be动词用are，，故填are；telephones/phones。 4. 有一天，一位智者老者来到皇宫，国王便向他发起挑战。 One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king 　　　　　　　　 him to a game. 【答案】challenged 【解析】句子中“one day”表示过去的时间，且“and”连接并列的谓语动词，前面的“came”是过去式，因此此处动词也需用过去式。challenge意为“向……发起挑战”，过去式是challenged。故填challenged。 5. 他敲裂了水管子，弄得房间里到处充满了水。 He hit a 　　　　　　　 and 　　　　　　　the room with water. 【答案】① pipe    ② filled 【解析】根据中文意思可知本题考查单词pipe“水管子”和fill“充满”，pipe为可数名词，而由“a”可知此处应填其原形；fill为动词，而根据情境可知句子时态为一般过去时，所以此处应填其过去式，故填pipe；filled。 6. 1876年，亚历山大•贝尔发明了电话。 The telephone 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 by Alexander Bell in 1876. 【答案】① was    ② invented 【解析】原句中“发明”是关键词，电话是被贝尔发明，本句为一般过去时的被动语态，结构为：was/were+动词过去分词；主语the telephone是单数，be动词用was，invent的过去分词是invented。 7. We must finish the work before Friday. (改为被动语态) The work 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 before Friday. 【答案】① must    ② be    ③ finished 【解析】句意：我们必须在星期五之前完成这项工作。含有情态动词must的句子变为被动语态时，结构为“情态动词+be+动词过去分词”，finish的过去分词为finished，由此变换得到被动形式must be finished。 8. People use mobile phones to communicate. （将下列句子改为被动语态） → Mobile phones 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to communicate. 【答案】are used 【解析】句意：人们使用手机进行交流。原句是一般现在时，改为被动语态时仍需保持一般现在时。被动语态的基本结构为“be动词+动词过去分词”。新主语“Mobile phones”是复数形式，因此be动词选用are。动词use的过去分词是used。 9. I suppose he will stick to his dream.   (改为否定句) I 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 he will stick to his dream. 【答案】① don’t    ② suppose 【解析】句意：我认为他会坚持自己的梦想。该句考查宾语从句中的否定转移。当主句主语是第一人称（I/we），且谓语动词是“think, believe, suppose, expect”等，变否定句时，否定词通常要从从句转移到主句谓语动词上。原句谓语suppose是实义动词的一般现在时，主语为I，变否定需借助助动词do，加not，动词suppose用原形，“do not” 缩写为“don’t”。 三、单项选择 1. —The ancient buildings in Jiujiang ________ well! —You are right. They are the symbols of our history and culture. A. are protecting B. protected C. must protect D. must be protected 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——九江的古建筑必须得到很好的保护！——你说得对。它们是我们历史和文化的象征。 考查被动语态。are protecting正在保护，主动语态现在进行时；protected保护，过去式或过去分词；must protect必须保护，主动语态；must be protected必须被保护，含情态动词的被动语态。根据句意，古建筑是“被保护”的对象，且“必须”表示必要性，应用含情态动词的被动语态（must be + 过去分词）。故选D。 2. — What’s the ________ from your home to our school? — It’s about 2 kilometers, so I usually walk to school. A. distance B. length C. space D. time 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——从你家到我们学校有多远？——大约两公里，所以我通常步行去学校。 考查名词辨析。distance距离；length长度；space空间；time时间。根据“It’s about 2 kilometers”可知，此处询问的是距离。故选A。 3. The first plane ________ by the Wright brothers in 1903. A. invent B. invented C. was invented D. is invented 【答案】C 【解析】句意：第一架飞机于1903年由莱特兄弟发明。 主语the first plane（第一架飞机） 是被发明，不能自己发出invent（发明）这个动作； 且句中有标志词by+动作执行者（the Wright brothers），是被动语态典型特征。 被动语态结构：be+动词过去分词。时间状语in 1903（1903 年）是明确的过去时间，用一般过去时。 主语plane为单数，be动词过去式用was，invent的过去分词是invented。应填was invented。 4. Jenny is the ________ student in our class because she always has great ideas. A. most careful B. most creative C. most patient D. most generous 【答案】B 【解析】句意：Jenny是我们班最有创造力的学生，因为她总是有好主意。 most careful最细心的；most creative最有创造力的；most patient最有耐心的；most generous最大方的。根据“because she always has great ideas”可知，她总是有好主意，说明她富有创造力。 5. If you practice speaking English every day, you’ll ________ more confidence little by little. A. waste B. promise C. gain D. refuse 【答案】C 【解析】句意：如果你每天练习说英语，你会一点一点地获得更多自信。 waste浪费，promise承诺，gain获得，refuse拒绝。根据“If you practice speaking English every day ...”可知，坚持练习会带来积极的结果，此处表示获得自信，gain符合语境。 6. It is ________ for us to finish the task without any help. A. possible B. impossible C. excellent D. risky 【答案】B 【解析】句意：对于我们来说，在没有任何帮助的情况下完成这项任务是不可能的。 possible可能的；impossible不可能的；excellent卓越的；risky有风险的。根据“without any help”可知，此处强调缺乏协助的条件，通常暗示任务难以独立完成，应用“impossible”体现这一难度。 7. — The ice will ________ quickly when the sun comes out. — Yes, we’d better take the ice cream inside now. A. freeze B. melt C. boil D. burn 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 当太阳出来时，冰会很快融化。—— 是的，我们最好现在把冰淇淋拿进屋里。 freeze结冰，melt融化，boil煮沸，burn燃烧。根据“... when the sun comes out”可知，太阳出来气温升高，冰会融化，且答语建议把冰淇淋拿进屋，melt符合语境。 8. Beijing is in ________ China and China is a(n) ________ country. A. North; Western B. northern; Eastern C. South; Eastern D. East; West 【答案】B 【解析】句意：北京在中国的北部，中国是一个东方的国家。 考查名词和形容词词义辨析。根据常识可知北京在中国的北部，排除C、D；且中国是一个东方的国家，排除A。故选B。 9. The temperature ________ again in North-east China. The rivers and lakes were ________. A. dropped; freeze B. rose; freeze C. dropped; frozen D. rose; frozen 【答案】C 【解析】句意：中国东北地区的气温又下降了。河流和湖泊都结冰了。 dropped下降，rose上升。根据后句“河流和湖泊都结冰了”可知气温是下降的，排除B、D；第二空were后接frozen表示状态，freeze形式不符，排除A。 10. —Hello! Is that Miss Green speaking? —Sorry, you have the wrong ______. A. number B. name C. address D. telephone 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你好！是格林先生在讲话吗？——对不起，你打错电话号码了。 考查名词辨析。number号码；name名字；address地址；telephone电话。根据Is that Miss Green speaking?可知是打电话；根据Sorry，可知是拨了错误的号码。故选A。 11. —Why does the earth look blue in space? —Because most of the earth’s surface ________ by water. A. covers B. is covered C. was covered 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——为什么地球在太空中看起来是蓝色的？——因为地球的大部分表面被水覆盖着。 主语“most of the earth’s surface”与动词“cover”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态（be + 过去分词）；描述客观事实需用一般现在时。应填is covered。 一、选词填空 选用方框中动词的正确形式填空（每个限用一次） invent   connect   introduce   press   find 1. The telephone 　　　　　　　　　 by Alexander Bell in 1876. 2. People all over the world 　　　　　　　　　 to each other through the internet. 3. The word “robot” 　　　　　　　　　　 for the first time in a play in 1920. 4. A loud noise was made when the button 　　　　　　　　　 to start the machine. 5. The world’s oldest wheel 　　　　　　　　　　 in Eastern Europe. 【答案】1. was invented     2. are connected     3. was introduced     4. was pressed     5. was found      【解析】(1)题： 句意：电话1876年被Alexander Bell发明。根据时间状语“in 1876”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语The telephone是单数，与动词invent“发明”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，be动词用was，invent的过去分词形式为invented。 (2)题： 句意：世界各地的人们通过互联网相互联系。此处陈述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语People为复数，与动词connect“联系”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，be动词用are，connect的过去分词形式为connected。 (3)题： 句意：1920年，“机器人”一词首次出现在一部戏剧中。根据时间状语“in 1920”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语The word “robot”是单数，与动词introduce“介绍、引进”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，be动词用was，introduce的过去分词形式为introduced。 (4)题： 句意：按下按钮启动机器时发出很大的噪音。本句时态为一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事，主语the button是单数，与动词press“按、压”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，be动词用was，press的过去分词形式为pressed。 (5)题： 句意：世界上最古老的轮子在东欧被发现。本句时态为一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事，主语The world’s oldest wheel是单数，与动词find“发现”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，be动词用was，find的过去分词形式为found。 二、语法填空 1. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Ideas That Changed the World Throughout history, there 　　　　1　　　　 (be) many inventions that changed the way we live. Some of them 　　　　2　　　　 (create) by accident. Others came from years of hard work. One such invention is the telephone. It 　　　　3　　　　 (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. Before the telephone 　　　　4　　　　 (invent), people had to write letters or travel long distances to talk 　　　　5　　　　 each other. The first telephone call 　　　　6　　　　 (make) by Bell to his assistant. He said, “Mr. Watson, come here. I want to see you.” These simple words 　　　　7　　　　 (become) a historic moment. Nowadays, mobile phones 　　　　8　　　　 (use) by billions of people. They are much 　　　　9　　　　 (smart) than the first telephone. However, all modern phones are built 　　　　10　　　　 Bell’s original idea. 【答案】1. have been     2. were created     3. was invented     4. was invented     5. to##with     6. was made     7. became     8. are used     9. smarter     10. on      【解析】本文主要介绍了电话的发明历史以及现代手机和贝尔最初构想的联系。 (1)题： 句意：纵观历史，已经有很多发明改变了我们的生活方式。“Throughout history”表示从过去延续到现在，用现在完成时，主语many inventions为复数，助动词用have，be的过去分词为been。 (2)题： 句意：它们中有些是偶然被创造出来的。主语Some of them指代inventions，和create是被动关系。讲述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，被动语态结构为“were/was+过去分词”。主语为复数，be动词用were，create的过去分词为created。 (3)题： 句意：它在1876年由亚历山大・格雷厄姆・贝尔发明。主语It指代the telephone，和invent是被动关系。in 1876为过去时间，主语为单数，一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was+过去分词”，invent的过去分词为invented。 (4)题： 句意：在电话被发明之前，人们不得不写信或者长途跋涉去互相交谈。主语the telephone和invent是被动关系，事情发生在过去，主语为单数，一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was+过去分词”，invent的过去分词为invented。 (5)题： 句意：在电话被发明之前，人们不得不写信或者长途跋涉去互相交谈。talk with/to sb.表示“和某人交谈”，固定搭配。 (6)题： 句意：第一通电话是贝尔打给他的助手的。主语The first telephone call和make是被动关系，事情发生在过去，主语为单数，一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was+过去分词”，make的过去分词为made。 (7)题： 句意：这些简单的话语成为了一个具有历史意义的时刻。叙述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，become的过去式为became。 (8)题： 句意：如今，数十亿人使用手机。主语mobile phones和use是被动关系，Nowadays是现在时的标志，主语为复数，一般现在时的被动语态结构为“are+过去分词”，use的过去分词为used。 (9)题： 句意：它们比第一部电话智能得多。than为比较级标志词，smart的比较级为smarter。 (10)题： 句意：然而，所有现代手机都是基于贝尔最初的构想而建造的。be built on意为“基于……；以……为基础”，固定搭配。 一、阅读单选 A篇 China Media Group (CMG), China’s main TV and radio group, held its “nanny robot expo” (保姆机器人博览会) in Beijing on July 29th, 2025. The expo shows how robots change daily life in four areas: smart healthcare, smart homes, family education and community care. These nanny robots make people’s life more convenient. There is an interesting interactive (交互式的) activity at the expo. Visitors can try it by themselves and see how nanny robots help with housework and family tasks. CMG also shows its new micro-documentary series (微纪录片系列) called “Hi! Robot”.    ▲    It looks at the latest home-service robots and talks about how these robots may come into Chinese families. Over 30 people take part in the experience, such as futurists science experts from China and other countries, and users from different countries. CMG gives a report on the nanny robot industry’s development. It says more and more old people need care and new technologies let robots decide what to do and improve by themselves. In the coming years, CMG will hold more expos about robots to improve robotics technology. 1. When did CMG hold the “nanny robot expo” in Beijing? A. On July 30th, 2025. B. On July 29th, 2025. C. On August 29th, 2025. D. On July 29th, 2024. 2. What does the underlined word “convenient” mean in Paragraph 1? A. Difficult. B. Challenging. C. Safe. D. Easy. 3. Which of the following can be put in    ▲    in Paragraph 3? A. The series has five short films about robot stories. B. The expo also got many foreign visitors. C. Some robots can help old people live alone safely. D. Many students visited the expo with their teachers. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Visitors can’t take part in interactive activities. B. Nanny robots will not enter Chinese families. C. CMG wants to help develop robotics technology. D. No foreign experts are interested in the expo. 5. Which is the best title for the passage? A. The History of Nanny Robots B. CMG’s Nanny Robot Expo in Beijing C. How to Make a Nanny Robot D. Different Kinds of Robots in the World 【答案】1. B     2. D     3. A     4. C     5. B      【解析】本文主要讲述了中国传媒集团于2025年7月29日在北京举办的“保姆机器人博览会”，展示了机器人在智能医疗、家居、教育、护理方面的应用，并介绍了相关纪录片和行业报告。 (1)题： 细节理解题。根据“China’s main TV and radio group, held its ‘nanny robot expo’ (保姆机器人博览会) in Beijing on July 29th, 2025.”可知，中国传媒集团于2025年7月29日在北京举办了“保姆机器人博览会”。故选B。 (2)题： 词句猜测题。根据“These nanny robots make people’s life more...”以及常识可知，机器人会让人们的生活更轻松、更便利，因此划线词“convenient”意为“便利的”，与选项D近义。故选D。 (3)题： 推理判断题。根据“CMG also shows its new micro-documentary series (微纪录片系列) called ‘Hi! Robot.’”可知，第三段开头提到微纪录片系列《Hi! Robot》，A选项是对这个系列内容的补充说明，与上下文衔接最自然。故选A。 (4)题： 推理判断题。根据“In the coming years, CMG will hold more expos about robots to improve robotics technology.”可知，中国传媒集团希望帮助发展机器人技术。故选C。 (5)题： 最佳标题题。全文围绕中国传媒集团在北京举办的“保姆机器人博览会”展开，具体介绍了博览会的举办时间、展示内容、交互活动、相关纪录片以及行业报告和未来计划。因此，文章的核心事件是这场博览会。选项B准确概括了文章核心事件。故选B。 B篇 Creative Ideas Solve Difficult Problems The Qinghai—Xizang Railway is a great example of how creative ideas can solve difficult problems. It was completed in 2006 and is the highest railway in the world, reaching over 5,000 metres above sea level. One of the biggest challenges was the frozen ground. In summer, the top layer of frozen ground would melt and become soft. This made it impossible to build the railway directly on the ground. To solve this problem, engineers used pipes to keep the ground hard. The pipes were placed under the ground and helped maintain a low temperature. In some areas, the frozen ground was too soft even with the pipes. So engineers decided to build tunnels through the mountains instead of building on the ground. In other places, they built bridges over the soft ground. These bridges were designed to be animal-friendly so that wild animals could pass under them safely. Today, the railway is not only a transportation route but also a symbol of human creativity and determination. It has brought economic development and tourism to the region, and it continues to inspire people around the world. 1. When was the Qinghai—Xizang Railway completed? A. In 1901. B. In 1920. C. In 2006. D. In 2010. 2. What was one of the biggest challenges in building the railway? A. The high cost. B. The frozen ground. C. The lack of workers. D. The long distance. 3. How did engineers solve the problem of the frozen ground? A. They built the railway higher. B. They used pipes to keep the ground cold. C. They used stronger materials. D. They changed the route. 4. Why were the bridges built? A. To make the railway faster. B. To allow animals to pass under. C. To reduce the cost. D. To connect two cities. 5. What does the writer think of the Qinghai—Xizang Railway? A. It is a waste of money. B. It is a symbol of creativity and determination. C. It is too expensive to build. D. It is not useful for local people. 【答案】1. C     2. B     3. B     4. B     5. B      【解析】本文主要介绍了青藏铁路的建设过程中遇到的冻土问题以及工程师们采用的创造性解决方案。 (1)题： 文章第一段第二句“It was completed in 2006”指出，青藏铁路于2006年竣工。 (2)题： 文章第二段第一句“One of the biggest challenges was the frozen ground.”指出，最大的挑战之一是冻土问题。 (3)题： 文章第二段第三、四句“To solve this problem, engineers used pipes to keep the ground hard. The pipes were placed under the ground and helped maintain a low temperature.”指出，工程师们使用管道来保持地面低温。 (4)题： 文章第三段最后一句“These bridges were designed to be animal-friendly so that wild animals could pass under them safely.”指出，修建桥梁是为了让野生动物安全地从下方通过。 (5)题： 文章最后一段第一句“Today, the railway is not only a transportation route but also a symbol of human creativity and determination.”指出，作者认为青藏铁路是人类创造力和决心的象征。 一、选词填空 （来源:2026年内蒙古自治区中考英语试题）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或词组并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。(每词或词组限用一次。) small       be       make       although       such as Do you know that scientists can put time into a small chip (芯片)? Recently, Chinese scientists have made the world’s smallest atomic (原子能的) clock. It 　　　　1　　　　 so small that it looks just as big as a coin. 　　　　2　　　　 the clock is small, it can tell time clearly and correctly. Over more than 30,000 years, its error is still less than one second! Earlier, similar clocks from other countries were 17 cm³. But the new clock from Wuhan University is only 2.3 cm³, much 　　　　3　　　　. It looks tiny, but it is very useful. It can be helpful in modern science and technology, 　　　　4　　　　 man-made satellites in space, drone groups in the sky and underwater machines in the sea. China has made great progress in ultra-precise (超高精度的) timing technology. Now scientists can 　　　　5　　　　 this kind of clock in large numbers. It will also be used in other high-tech fields in the future. 【答案】1. is     2. Although     3. smaller     4. such as     5. make      【解析】本文是科技说明文，介绍我国科研人员研制出全球最小原子钟，对比它和国外同类产品的体积差距，介绍其超高精准度与卫星、无人机等多领域用途，展现中国超高精度计时技术取得的重大突破，未来还会广泛应用于各类高科技领域。 (1)题： 句意：它特别小，只有一枚硬币那么大。主语“It”指代原子钟，为第三人称单数，根据“it looks just as big as a coin.”可知，时态为一般现在时，需用be动词，连接主语与表语，be动词需用is。 (2)题： 句意：虽然钟很小，但能清晰准确地报时。前后为表示让步关系。although“尽管”符合语境，且位于句首，首字母需大写。 (3)题： 句意：但武汉大学这款新原子钟只有2.3立方厘米，小得多。空前有“much”修饰，且上文将新钟与旧钟进行对比，新钟更小，需用small的比较级smaller。 (4)题： 句意：它在现代科技领域用处很大，例如太空人造卫星、空中无人机群以及海底水下设备。后文列举了卫星、无人机等例子，表示“例如”，such as“例如”符合语境。 (5)题： 句意：如今科学家能够大批量制造这种原子钟。情态动词“can”后接动词原形，此处指制造原子钟，需用make“制造”符合语境。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $