专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，内蒙古专用）八年级英语上学期

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文阅读，融合人际交往、科普技术、文化艺术等多主题语境，精选内蒙古多校期中真题，适配八年级期中检测需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（选择题）|每语篇3-4题|细节理解（如树叶颜色变化原因）、词义猜测（如“procedures”）、结构分析（如文章分段）、主旨大意（如最佳标题）|结合AI技术（DeepSeek）、文化传承（宣纸）等时代素材，设计基础到能力提升的层次化问题，如通过“家务调查”培养数据解读能力|

专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-人际交往 （25-26八上·内蒙古呼和浩特部分学校·期中）①Getting along with others is an important skill in life. It can help us make friends and live happily. Here are some ways on how to get along with others. ②First, be friendly. Smile at others and greet them when you meet. A friendly attitude (态度) can make people feel comfortable and want to be your friend. ③Second, listen carefully. When someone is talking to you, just listen to them. Ask questions if you do not understand. This shows that you respect them. ④Third, be helpful. Offer to help others when they are in need. For example, you can help your classmates with their homework or help your teacher carry books. Being helpful can make you popular. ⑤Fourth, communicate effectively (有效地). If you have a problem with someone, talk to them about it. Do not keep it to yourself. Use kind words and try to find a way together. ⑥Getting along with others takes time and effort. But if you follow these tips, you will be able to make more friends and get along well with everyone. 1.Why is getting along with others important? A. Because it can help us find a good job. B. Because it can help us get good grades. C. Because it can help us make friends and live happily. 2.What should you do when someone is talking to you? A. Keep asking questions. B. Listen carefully. C. Walk away. 3.What should you do if you have a problem with someone? A. Keep it to yourself. B. Talk to them about it. C. Tell your teacher. 4.What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A. ①/②③④⑤/⑥ B. ①/②③④/⑤⑥ C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥ 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了与他人相处的四种方法及其重要性。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第①段“Getting along with others is an important skill in life. It can help us make friends and live happily.”可知，与他人相处能帮助我们交朋友并快乐生活。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第③段“When someone is talking to you, just listen to them.”可知，当别人对你说话时，应该认真倾听。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第⑤段“If you have a problem with someone, talk to them about it.”可知，与他人有矛盾时应主动沟通。故选B。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。文章结构为：第①段总述与他人相处的重要性，第②③④⑤段分述如何与他人相处的四种方法，第⑥段总结。故选A。 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·内蒙古包头第三十五中学·期中）Why do the leaves on trees have different colours? What makes them change their colours? Leaves use sunlight, water and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis (光合作用). Photosynthesis is important to animals as well as plants. Some animals eat plants. Other animals eat these animals. Summer is playtime. For the leaves of many trees, however, it’s work, work, work! The sun is shining. The leaves are making food for the trees. The trees keep more than enough food deep inside. Leaves are green in summer because they are making food. Leaves also have orange, yellow, or brown colours inside them. During summer, those colours are covered by the green colour. Many places get colder in autumn with shorter days and longer nights. Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical (化学物质). The orange, yellow, and brown colours grow when that happens. Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe. If the leaves are icy while still on the trees, the trees can be hurt. Trees that drop their leaves are bare (光秃秃的) in winter. They use the food they save in summer to get through the cold days and nights. Spring comes before long. Ice and snow disappear and the rains come. The sun shines, and tiny leaves grow from branches. Once again, the leaves use sunlight, water and air to make food. The cycle begins again. 1.What is photosynthesis according to the passage? A. It is a way of growing leaves. B. It is a way of changing colours. C. It is a way to make food for plants. 2.What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. The trees. B. The leaves. C. The colours. 3.What would be the best structure of the passage? A. ①②③④⑤\⑥ B. ①\②\③④⑤⑥ C. ①\②③④⑤\⑥ 4.What is the best title for the passage? A. The importance of the sunlight. B. The trees in different places. C. The changes of the tree leaves. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. C　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了树叶颜色变化的原因及其与光合作用的关系，以及树木在不同季节的适应策略。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“This way of making food is called photosynthesis.”可知，光合作用是制造食物的方式。故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe.”可知，一旦夜间变得足够寒冷且出现结冰现象，树木就会落叶，它们这样做是为了保护自身的安全。因此，They指代“树木”。故选A。 (3)题解析： 篇章结构题。根据全文可知，文章第一段通过设问句引出树叶颜色变化的核心话题；第二至五段阐述了光合作用的基本原理及其生态意义并按季节顺序（夏→秋→冬）具体分析光合作用变化如何导致树叶颜色改变及落叶现象；第六段以春季新叶生长、光合作用循环重启收尾。因此，文章的结构应为①\②③④⑤\⑥。故选C。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。根据全文可知，文章主要围绕树叶的变化展开，因此文章标题应为“树叶的变化”。故选C。 主题语境03 人与社会-艺术 （25-26八上·内蒙古呼和浩特玉泉·期中）Among all types of paper, Xuan paper has earned a special place in Chinese culture. The history of Xuan paper dates back to the Tang Dynasty. At that time, paper was produced in Xuancheng, Jingxian, Ningguo and Taiping. They were small towns. Among them, the paper made in Jingxian was the best for its excellent qualities. Because most paper came from Xuancheng, the paper was then known as Xuan paper. Xuan paper is made from the bark (树皮) of a special tree and rice straw (稻草). How to make it is not easy. It includes many procedures like washing, boiling, and drying. Each needs a lot of time and care. The final product is soft, thin, but strong. It doesn’t tear (扯破) easily and can take in a lot of ink. Because of these qualities, Xuan paper has been loved by painters and calligraphers. It helps them fully express their excellent ideas and feelings. Xuan paper is not only a material for art but also a cultural symbol. It stands for the rich heritage (遗产) of the arts in Chinese history. Even in today’s modern world, Xuan paper continues to hold an important position in Chinese art and cultural traditions. It serves as a bridge connecting the past with the present. The special treasures of Xuan paper ensure that the beauty of Chinese calligraphy and painting can remain and can be passed down through generations (代). 1.Where was the best Xuan paper made, according to the passage? A. Jingxian. B. Taiping. C. Ningguo. 2.What does the underlined word “procedures” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Materials. B. Steps. C. Ways. 3.Why has Xuan paper been loved by painters and calligraphers? A. Because of the price. B. Because of the size. C. Because of the qualities. 4.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The types of Xuan paper. B. The value of Xuan paper. C. The weight of Xuan paper. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了宣纸的历史、制作工艺、特点及其在中国文化艺术中的重要地位。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“Among them, the paper made in Jingxian was the best for its excellent qualities.”可知，最好的宣纸产自泾县。故选A。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第二段“How to make it is not easy. It includes many procedures like washing, boiling, and drying.”可知，制作宣纸包括许多步骤，如洗涤、煮沸和干燥。因此“procedures”意为“步骤”。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“Because of these qualities, Xuan paper has been loved by painters and calligraphers.”可知，宣纸因其品质而受到画家和书法家的喜爱。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。第三段主要讲述了宣纸不仅是艺术材料，也是文化象征，代表了中国艺术的丰富遗产，并在现代仍保持重要地位。因此本段主要讨论宣纸的价值。故选B。 主题语境04 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·内蒙古通辽科尔沁左翼中旗·期中）Every one of us, rich or poor, should at least have one or two good friends. Your friends will listen to you, take care of you, and be together with you on your journey through life. Everyone needs friends. Friendship can make us happier. How can we find a good friend? Here is some advice. ★Make friends with a person who is easy to get along with. ★Make friends with a person who has something in common with you. ★Give your friend a hand when he or she is in trouble. Friends should always be ready to help each other. ★Believe in each other. This is the most important thing in a friendship. ★Even the best friends may have a quarrel sometimes. And you may say something to hurt each other. If this happens, don’t let your quarrel last too long. Friendship is a kind of treasure in our life. It is like a bottle of wine. The longer it is kept, the better it will be. 1.What is a friendship like? A. A bottle of wine. B. A glass of water. C. A cup of tea. D. A bowl of soup. 2.The underlined word “quarrel” means “________” in Chinese. A. 分别 B. 争吵 C. 辩论 D. 见面 3.What do we know from the passage? A. We shouldn’t make friends with a person who has something in common with us. B. Friendship can make us sad. C. We should have lots of good friends. D. We can make friends with a person who is easy to get along with. 4.What’s the best title for the passage? A. Good friendship. B. All kinds of friends. C. How to find a good friend. D. Our friendship. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. D　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要强调友谊对每个人的重要性，并围绕“如何找到一个好朋友”提供具体实用的建议，最终凸显友谊在人生中的珍贵价值。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Friendship is a kind of treasure in our life. It is like a bottle of wine.”可知，友谊像一瓶红酒。故选A。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Even the best friends may have a quarrel sometimes. And you may say something to hurt each other.”可知，即使最好的朋友有时候也会有争吵，并且你可能会说出一些伤害彼此的东西，此处quarrel表示争吵。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Make friends with a person who is easy to get along with.”可知，我们应该与容易相处的人交朋友。故选D。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕“如何找到一个好朋友”开展。故选C。 主题语境05 人与自我-日常活动 （25-26八上·内蒙古通辽科尔沁左翼中旗东片联盟·期中）A class in No.2 Middle School does a survey about “Students and Chores”. They ask 100 students: “What chores do you do?” and “How often?” Here are the results: Chores Number of Students How Often Take out the rubbish 85 Every day: 60; Once a week: 25 Make the bed 70 Every day: 50; Sometimes: 20 Do the dishes 40 Every day: 15; Twice a week: 25 Fold the clothes 30 Once a week: 20; Rarely: 10 The students also answer: “What do you think about doing chores?” 75% say: “It’s good to help parents.” 15% say: “It’s tiring but necessary.” 10% say: “I have no time—too much homework.” 1.How many students take out the rubbish every day? A. 85. B. 60. C. 25. 2.Which chore do the fewest students do? A. Fold the clothes. B. Do the dishes. C. Make the bed. 3.Which is TRUE according to the passage? A. 70 students make the bed every day. B. 40 students do the dishes twice a week. C. 75% of students think helping parents is good. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇调查报告，主要讲述了某中学一个班级关于“学生与家务”的调查结果，包括学生做哪些家务、频率以及他们对做家务的看法。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Take out the rubbish”以及“Every day: 60”可知，每天倒垃圾的学生有60人。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Fold the clothes”和“30”可知，叠衣服的人数只有30人，是最少的。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“75% say: ‘It’s good to help parents.’”可知，75%的学生认为帮助父母是好事。故选C。 主题语境06 人与自然-动物与植物 （25-26八上·内蒙古乌兰察布集宁亿利东方学校·期中）It is very cold in winter in some places. Snow and ice cover the ground. It is hard for animals to find food during these cold days. They get through the hard time in many ways. Some birds fly to other places. Many of them leave before winter comes. They travel to warm places and come back in spring. We call it migration (迁徙). It’s a good way for them to get away from the cold weather. Another good way to get through winter is sleeping. Some animals, such as snakes and bears, hide (隐藏) themselves in safe places and sleep through the whole winter. We call it hibernation (冬眠). Some animals, like squirrels (松鼠), ______ lots of food in their homes before winter. When it gets cold, they stay indoors and hardly go out. Other animals have to live in the cold winter. Some animals have thick fur (皮毛) to keep warm in winter while some change the colour of the fur. Arctic foxes are brown in summer but their fur turns white in winter. 1.Which of the following animals travel to other places before winter? A. Foxes. B. Squirrels. C. Bears. D. Birds. 2.How do snakes live in winter? A. By changing their colours. B. By sleeping through winter. C. By traveling to warm places. D. By keeping food before winter. 3.Which of the following words can be put in ______? A. store B. find C. eat D. share 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. A 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了冬季寒冷地区的动物们通过迁徙、冬眠、储存食物、靠厚皮毛或变色等不同方式度过寒冬的情况。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Some birds fly to other places. Many of them leave before winter comes...We call it migration.”可知，鸟类会在冬天前前往其他地方。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Some animals, such as snakes and bears, hide themselves in safe places and sleep through the whole winter.”可知，蛇通过睡觉过冬。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“When it gets cold, they stay indoors and hardly go out.”可推知，松鼠需要在冬天前储存食物以供室内食用，store“储存”符合语境。故选A。 主题语境01 人与社会-世界 （25-26八上·内蒙古通辽科尔沁左翼中旗东片联盟·期中）France is famous for its beautiful scenery (风景), fine art and delicious food. France is the largest country in Western Europe. It has a population of about 67 million. The country is home to many famous places of interest, like the River Seine as well as the Eiffel Tower. Many visitors also come for the country’s art. If you visit France today, it is not a surprise to meet street artists in the city or see a singer in the subway. No visit to Paris is perfect without a trip to the Louvre, one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. Inside, there are 35,000 works of art, such as the painting Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci and the statue (雕塑) David by Michelangelo. It would take nine months to enjoy all the art pieces. ▲ Bread is very important in France. The best known French bread is called baguette (法式长棍面包). They are long, delicious and taste salty. Snails (蜗牛) are also a must-have here. French people eat 40,000 tons of snails every year! But France is not always good. Paris, the city of light, may also show its dark side to visitors. Chinese visitors feel sorry about the crowded subway in Paris. 1.About________ people live in France. A. 75,000,000 B. 67,000,000 C. 35,000 2.If Tom wants to enjoy art, he can visit________ . A. the River Seine B. the Eiffel Tower C. the Louvre 3.Which of the following is TRUE? A. France is the largest country in Western Europe. B. There aren’t any street artists performing in the city. C. It would take nine months to enjoy the painting Mona Lisa. 4.Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ ? A. The food in France is not delicious at all. B. French food is not as good as that in China. C. The food in France is also famous. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，从面积、人口、风景、艺术、美食等方面介绍了法国，突出了其作为旅游胜地的文化魅力，同时也客观提及了其存在的问题。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“It has a population of about 67 million.”可知，法国约有6700万人口，故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“No visit to Paris is perfect without a trip to the Louvre, one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. Inside, there are 35,000 works of art...”可知，想欣赏艺术可参观卢浮宫，故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“France is the largest country in Western Europe.”可知，法国是西欧最大的国家，表述正确，故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。空格后段落介绍了法式长棍面包、蜗牛等法国美食，因此空格处应引出“法国美食”话题，故选C。 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 （25-26八上·内蒙古包头·期中）These days, DeepSeek has got a lot of attention on the Internet. So what is DeepSeek? It’s a Chinese AI company (公司) started by a man called Liang Wenfeng on July 17, 2023. The team members have studied in the top universities in China and have no overseas educational experience, and most of them are under 34 years old. They are also very good at math, physics and programming. The team members work on AI, especially big models. They are building a super smart brain that can think and solve problems like humans. On January 20, 2025, DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. It can help people find information and summarize (总结) it, solve math problems, write code, and answer questions. It made the whole world completely surprised because it costs much less to build. It only took the team $5.58 million (1/70 of OpenAI’s cost) and 2,048 computer chips (芯片), and two months to make it. This shows that good ideas are more important than big money. On its first day online, over 19,000 programmers around the world started projects to study it. Even Meta (a famous U.S. AI company) top scientist said, “This kind of free AI could change the world.” As a DeepSeek worker said, “We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use.” With R1, China tells the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money. 1.What is DeepSeek? A. A Chinese AI company. B. An American AI company. C. An overseas AI company. 2.When was DeepSeek-R1 introduced? A. On July 17, 2023. B. On February 20, 2025. C. On January 20, 2025. 3.What does the writer think is the most important for success? A. Being Creative and hard-working. B. Having enough time and money. C. Using the latest computer chips. 4.What is the main purpose of the article? A. To explain how the computer chips work now. B. To introduce a low-cost AI model from China. C. To compare Chinese and American AI technology. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国人工智能公司DeepSeek及其推出的低成本AI模型DeepSeek-R1，阐述了该模型的特点、研发成本等情况，还提及了相关人员对它的看法以及公司理念等。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“So what is DeepSeek? It’s a Chinese AI company (公司) started by a man called Liang Wenfeng on July 17, 2023.”可知，DeepSeek是一家中国的人工智能公司。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“On January 20, 2025, DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1.”可知，DeepSeek-R1是在2025年1月20日推出的。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“This shows that good ideas are more important than big money.”以及第三段“With R1, China tells the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money.”可知，作者认为对于成功来说，创造力和努力工作是最重要的。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章主要围绕中国人工智能公司DeepSeek推出的低成本AI模型DeepSeek-R1展开，介绍了它的推出时间、功能、研发成本以及相关评价等，所以文章的主要目的是介绍一款来自中国的低成本AI模型。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·内蒙古鄂尔多斯康巴什·期中）AI makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see the amazing AI. Cool driverless bus A bus door opens and you get on. Wait! Where is the driver? Here is a new kind of driverless bus called Apolong. It has 14 seats and doesn’t need a driver. The bus follows the traffic rules. It stops as soon as it sees a stop light. Your close friend Hi, everyone. I’m Xiaobing, a chatbot (聊天机器人). I speak like humans and you can talk with me. I’m talented in singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend! World’s first AI anchor (主播) Hey, look! The famous Chinese anchor Mr. Qiu is reporting the news for us. But, is “he” really Mr. Qiu? The answer is “no”. This is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes. You might see it on TV. 1.What can Xiaobing do? ① Sing. ② Tell stories. ③ Talk with people. ④ Drive a car alone. A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ D. ①③④ 2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. AI makes our lives harder and worse. B. Xiaobing and Mr. Qiu are real people. C. This new kind of driverless bus needs a driver to control it. D. The AI anchor can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes. 3.We can probably read the passage in ________. A. a storybook B. a notice C. a newspaper D. a novel 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. C 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了三种人工智能产品：无人驾驶公交车、聊天机器人小冰和AI主播，展示了AI给生活带来的便利。 (1)题解析： “Your close friend”部分介绍小冰功能：“I’m talented in singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend!”，说明它可以唱歌① 、讲故事②、与人聊天③。 (2)题解析： “World’s first AI anchor”部分指出AI主播的特点：“It can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes.”，与D项表述一致。 (3)题解析： 本文介绍了几种人工智能产品，属于科技类报道，最可能出现在报纸上。 Passage 3 （25-26八上·内蒙古呼和浩特回民·期中） If you had to describe yourself to someone else, what would you say? Realising who you are can help you understand feelings and make friends closer. Self-awareness (自我认知) means knowing your thoughts, feelings and behavior (行为), and understanding how you fit into the world. If you are self-aware, you may know that you love playing basketball because you are good at it, and music makes you happy. Knowing what you like and dislike, what you are expert in and what you find difficult allows you to make better decisions about friendships, schoolwork and even which films to watch. Being self-aware doesn't mean only thinking of yourself. By understanding your own feelings, you have more understanding for other people, too. A good way to learn about something is to ask questions. Ask yourself questions that start with “What” instead of “Why”. So if you don't understand why you keep arguing with a friend, ask yourself what you disagree on instead of why you are arguing. Learning to be more self-aware is a skill. So try out new things, like playing a new sport or listening to different music. Don’t be afraid to dislike something—it may be a key part of learning more about yourself. 1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. What self-awareness is. B. Why self-awareness is important. C. When self-awareness works. D. How to develop self-awareness. 2.Which question follows the writer’s advice to understand your problems better according to Paragraph 4? A. What mistakes did I always make? B. How will I avoid making mistakes? C. When did I make such mistakes last time? D. Why do I always make such mistakes? 3.Which of the following can replace (替代) the underlined words in the passage? A. good at B. bored with C. good with D. well in 4.What’s the message of the text? A. We should think of ourselves more. B. We should fit into the world. C. We should get to know ourselves. D. We should always ask ourselves questions. 【答案】1. A　2. A　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文围绕“自我认知”展开，介绍了自我认知的定义、作用以及培养自我认知的实用方法，告诉读者了解自我认知有助于处理人际关系、做出更好选择。 (1)题解析： 根据第二段首句直接给出定义“Self-awareness means knowing your thoughts, feelings and behavior...”，因此本段主要定义了自我认知的含义，随后通过举例进一步说明。而不是讨论它的重要性或培养方法。 (2)题解析： 根据第四段第一、二两句“A good way to learn about something is to ask questions. Ask yourself questions that start with ‘What’ instead of ‘Why’.”可知，作者认为了解某事的一个好方法是提问，问自己以“What”开头的问题而不是“Why”。选项中只有“What mistakes did I always make?”（我总是犯什么错误？）是以“What”开头，且符合探究错误内容的语境。 (3)题解析： 第三段第一句“Knowing what you like and dislike, what you are expert in and what you find difficult…”，句中and连接两组相反内容“what you are expert in”和“what you find difficult”构成对比逻辑，difficult表示“困难的、不擅长的”，所以expert in语义为“擅长、精通”。故good at“擅长”可以替代expert in。 (4)题解析： 通读全文可知，文章围绕“自我认知”展开，介绍了其定义、益处及培养方法，核心目的是倡导我们要了解自己，故“We should get to know ourselves.”贴合本文主旨。 主题语境03 人与自我-方法与哲理 Passage 1 （25-26八上·内蒙古赤峰松山·期中）You don’t have much time for your diary, but you really want to remember your best or worst times in life. Nine Square Diary (九宫格日记) is coming to help. This new kind of diary has nine squares. They show nine different areas in life, such as plans, feelings and health. Writing this diary is very easy and you can finish it in only a few minutes. That is why it is so popular now. Here is a page of Nine Square Diary from Sun Ning, a middle school student. Happy things Went to my friend’s birthday party. Enjoyed myself. Helping others Helped my cousin get ready for the singing competition. Plan To draw a picture for the school art festival of next term. Improvement Went to the market with Mom and learned to pick tomatoes. July 31, 2020, Friday Feeling Mom and Dad told me about their jobs. Glad they don’t see me as a little kid any longer. News China finished building BDS (北斗卫星导航系统). Health Felt a little tired because of too much summer vacation homework. Dream To have a meeting with our head teacher to discuss if we should rule our school by ourselves. 1.Why is Nine Square Diary so popular? A. Because it is a new kind of diary. B. Because it shows nine areas in life. C. Because it can save us a lot of time. 2.Sun Ning felt ________ the talk with her parents. A. happy about B. tired of C. angry with 3.What did Sun Ning do on July 31? A. Helped her cousin with a competition. B. Ate a delicious tomato dish at home C. Had a talk with the head teacher. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. A 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了一种新型的日记形式——九宫格日记，它通过九个方格记录生活的不同方面，因其快速便捷而广受欢迎，并以中学生孙宁的一页日记为例进行了说明。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Writing this diary is very easy and you can finish it in only a few minutes. That is why it is so popular now.”可知，九宫格日记的流行原因是它能节省大量时间。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Feeling”部分中“Mom and Dad told me about their jobs. Glad they don’t see me as a little kid any longer.”可知，孙宁对于这次谈话感到高兴。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Helping others”部分中“Helped my cousin get ready for the singing competition.”可知，孙宁在7月31日帮助了她的表亲准备比赛。故选A。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·内蒙古呼伦贝尔第七中学等·期中）Most students do not enjoy doing housework. Some of them think that cleaning the bathroom or cooking dinner for the family is boring. However, if you try the following ways, you will find that housework is not as boring as you think. Learn to do small things You should learn to do small things. For example, you can do the dishes, sweep the floor or make the bed. Part of growing up is to be able to take care of yourself. Doing some things around the house shows that you are becoming responsible. Divide (分担) housework among the family In fact, it’s too tiring for one person to do all the housework alone. It’s good to divide housework into different parts. All the family members will do the housework together. Dividing housework among all the family members will make everyone’s job much easier. Make it fun Cooking is one part of housework. Cooking can be very fun if you put your heart into it. If you learn how to cook your favourite food, you will also get a feeling of satisfaction (满足). 1.You can start by learning to do some small things EXCEPT (除了) _________. A. doing the dishes B. sweeping the floor C. making the bed D. repairing the house 2.The underlined word “responsible” probably means ________ in Chinese. A. 懒惰的 B. 令人兴奋的 C. 特别的 D. 负责任的 3.Which of the following is NOT true? A. It’s no use doing small things if you want to learn how to do housework well. B. Starting to learn how to take care of yourself is important. C. It’s good to divide housework into different parts for each family member. D. You will feel satisfied if you can cook your favourite food. 4.What’s the main idea of the passage? A. It’s about some boring chores we have to do. B. It’s about how to make the boring housework more interesting. C. It’s about how to divide housework into parts. D. It’s about how to find the joy of our life. 【答案】1. D　2. D　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了如何通过一些方法让家务变得不那么无聊，包括从小事做起、分担家务以及让家务变得有趣等。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“For example, you can do the dishes, sweep the floor or make the bed.”可知，你可以从学习做一些小事情开始，例如，你可以洗碗、扫地或整理床铺。修理房子并未提及。故选D。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Part of growing up is to be able to take care of yourself.”和“Doing some things around the house”可知，成长的一部分是能照顾自己，变得负责。由此可知，做一些家务表明你正在变得负责。“responsible”应指“负责任的”。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“You should learn to do small things…Part of growing up is to be able to take care of yourself.”可知，原文强调可以从小事做起。选项A与此不符，不正确。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文并根据“However, if you try the following ways, you will find that housework is not as boring as you think.”可知，全文围绕“如何让家务变得有趣”展开，提出具体方法。B选项“如何让无聊的家务变得更有趣”最贴合主旨。故选B。 主题语境04 人与自我-日常活动 （25-26八上·内蒙古包头第三十五中学·期中）Should children do chores at home? For some children, doing chores is boring. For many parents, getting their children to help with housework is also a big problem. However, a Malaysian mother Kate found a good way. Kate thought of a reward system (奖励制度) for her two sons at home and posted it online. She made a list of chores and gave her sons money if they finished the tasks (任务). She also opened a small shop at home for her sons. The boys could buy snacks at her small shop. Because of this system, Kate’s children are now more willing (愿意) to do their chores. Her post got over 15,000 likes online. Many parents began to imitate her. In other words, they use the same way to teach their children. ▲ Firstly, chores teach children living skills, like cooking and cleaning. Secondly, doing chores is a good way to help children keep healthy. Thirdly, doing chores makes parents and children get closer (更亲近). Finally, a child can learn to take care of himself by helping with housework. 1.How did Kate encourage her children to do chores? A. By giving them money. B. By giving them likes. C. By sharing her way online. 2.What does the underlined word “imitate” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Notice. B. Like. C. Follow. 3.Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ? A. In fact, doing chores is very important for children. B. Children should be careful when they do chores. C. However, not all children like the reward system. 4.In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage? A. SPORTS. B. FAMILY. C. FOOD. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了一位马来西亚母亲Kate通过奖励制度鼓励孩子做家务的方法，并阐述了做家务对孩子的重要性。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“She made a list of chores and gave her sons money if they finished the tasks”可知，Kate通过给钱的方式鼓励孩子做家务。故选A。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Her post got over 15,000 likes online. Many parents began to imitate her. In other words, they use the same way to teach their children.”可知，许多父母开始模仿她的做法，即“采用同样的方式教育孩子”，所以imitate意为“模仿、效仿”，与follow意思相近。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，该段从四个方面阐述了做家务对孩子的重要性，因此段首句应总领全段，点明“做家务对孩子很重要”。故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。本文主要围绕孩子做家务以及家庭教育方式展开，与家庭生活相关，因此最可能在报纸的“家庭”版块读到这篇文章。故选B。 主题语境05 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·内蒙古包头九原·期中） Amanda: My favorite animals are chameleons. I like them because they can change colours. Lots of people think that chameleons change colours to match (相配) where they are. But that’s not right! Chameleons change colours when they’re scared or unhappy, or when they’re too cold or too hot. Chameleons have very long tongues (舌头). They can use their tongues to get their food easily. I think they’re interesting animals! Anna: I really love elephants because they are strong and clever. I love their large ears and long trunks. Elephants can pick up food and put it in their mouths with their trunks. I like watching elephants on TV and I love baby elephants best. They’re so lovely. But elephants are in great danger now. We must find out some ways to save them. Isabella: Dolphins are my favorite animals. I like them because they’re so clever and friendly. Some dolphins live in zoos and they can bring exciting shows to us, like jumping or playing with balls. 1.When do chameleons change colours? A. When they feel happy and warm. B. When they feel too cold or too hot. C. When they want to find some food. 2.How does Anna like elephants? A. Strong and clever. B. Clever but awful. C. Clever and friendly 3.What can Isabella’s favorite animals do? A. They can change colours. B. They can bring exciting shows to us. C. They can pick up food with their trunks. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是三段人物独白，Amanda、Anna、Isabella分别介绍自己最喜欢的动物，讲述它们的特点、习性以及相关情况。 (1)题解析： 根据第一段“Chameleons change colours when they’re scared or unhappy, or when they’re too cold or too hot.”可知，变色龙太冷或太热的时候会变色。 (2)题解析： 根据第二段“I really love elephants because they are strong and clever.”可知，Anna认为大象强壮又聪明。 (3)题解析： 根据第三段“Some dolphins live in zoos and they can bring exciting shows to us, like jumping or playing with balls.”可知，Isabella最喜欢的海豚可以给我们带来精彩的表演。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·内蒙古通辽科尔沁左翼中旗东片联盟·期中）You may not know their name, but you’ve probably seen photos of them swimming in hot springs online. They’re called capybaras (水豚), a kind of cute animal with some amazing facts. They are big. As the world’s largest rodents (啮齿动物), adult capybaras can weigh up to 50 kg. They are as heavy as some humans! They can be up to 130 cm tall. Although they are fat, they can swim fast at a speed of up to 35 km/h. They love water. Capybaras spend a lot of time in water. Their special feet help them move quickly through water, and they can also stay underwater for up to five minutes at a time. Capybaras like to sleep in water to avoid (避免) getting sunburnt. They have an unusual diet. Capybaras love to eat hard grasses, which need to be chewed (咀嚼) many times. To finish the long chewing, capybaras’ teeth never stop growing. Capybaras also eat their own waste. They do this because the grasses they eat are too hard to digest (消化). By eating its waste, a capybara can get useful bacteria (细菌) into its stomach to help it digest food. It’s clear that capybaras are valuable to humans. Whether they’re online or at your local zoo, these cute friends are sure to make you smile at them. 1.What can we know about capybaras according to Paragraph 2? A. They are good swimmers. B. They are light in weight. C. They are as tall as an adult. 2.How do capybaras stay away from the hot sun? A. By swimming fast. B. By sleeping in water. C. By staying under the rocks. 3.Why do capybaras eat their own waste? A. Because it is better for their teeth. B. Because it takes less time to chew. C. Because it can help them to digest. 4.Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, …) A. B. C. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. C　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了水豚的体型、爱水习性、特殊饮食等特点，展现了其可爱又神奇的一面，说明了这种可爱动物对人类的价值与吸引力。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Although they are fat, they can swim fast at a speed of up to 35 km/h.”可知，水豚是游泳好手，故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Capybaras like to sleep in water to avoid getting sunburnt.”可知，水豚通过在水中睡觉躲避烈日，故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“By eating its waste, a capybara can get useful bacteria into its stomach to help it digest food.”可知，水豚吃粪便为帮助消化，故选C。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。结合全文可知，文章结构为：①引出说明对象（水豚）；②-④分别介绍水豚的体型、爱水习性、特殊饮食；⑤总结水豚对人类的价值，即①/②③④/⑤，故选C。 主题语境06 人与自然-自然 （25-26八上·内蒙古乌兰察布联盟校·期中） Lots of trees make up a forest. Do you know the following kinds of forests on the earth? Tropical (热带的) rainforests are hot and wet. These forests are home to the most kinds of plants and animals. The largest tropical rainforest is the Amazon Rainforest. It is in South America and it’s home to 10% of the world’s plants and animals. Temperate (温带的) forests are all over the earth. These forests have four seasons. They change at different times of the year. Many kinds of trees grow in temperate forests. Their leaves change colours with the seasons. Leaves fall off the trees when the weather gets cool. As the weather warms up, they grow out again. Boreal (寒带的) forests are in the northern parts of the earth, like North America, Asia, and Europe. Of the three kinds of forests, boreal forests have a very short growing season, about 130 days. The weather is cold, so it is hard for life. The largest boreal forest is in Russia. Trees can help make the air clean. Planting more trees will be good for the earth. 1.What can we know about tropical rainforests? A. They are hot and wet. B. Few animals can live in them. C. They are only in China. 2.What kind of forests are all over the earth? A. Tropical rainforests. B. Boreal forests. C. Temperate forests. 3.When do the tree leaves in temperate forests start to fall off? A. When it’s cold. B. When it’s warm. C. When it’s cool. 4.Where is the largest boreal forest? A. In China. B. In Russia. C. In America. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了地球上热带雨林、温带森林和寒带森林三种森林的气候特点、分布范围及相关生物与生长情况等信息。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Tropical rainforests are hot and wet.”可知，热带雨林炎热潮湿。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Temperate forests are all over the earth.”可知，温带森林遍布全球。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Leaves fall off the trees when the weather gets cool.”可知，当天气变凉爽时，温带森林的树叶开始掉落。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The largest boreal forest is in Russia.”可知，最大的寒带森林在俄罗斯。故选B。 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 （25-26八上·内蒙古锡林郭勒盟三县联考·期中）Debates over rebuilding The rebuilding of the Notre Dame Cathedral faces challenges 巴黎圣母院：修旧如旧还是修旧如新？ In case you forgot, it’s been five years since the fire at the Notre Dame Cathedral in 2019. After five years of rebuilding, how is it doing now? This Catholic cathedral (天主教大教堂) is one of France’s landmarks (地标). It was first built in the 12th century. During the fire in 2019, its spire (塔尖) was destroyed (毁坏). In 2020, French President Emmanuel Macron said the country would finish the rebuilding work within five years. However, the rebuilding plan has brought heated talks. At first, French President Macron suggested a modern spire. He believed it could make Notre Dame “even more beautiful”, reported The Guardian. Architects (建筑师) worldwide put forward their plans, including a “green” roof (房顶) with a greenhouse, a glass spire, and even one made of beams (束) of light. However, for some like Philippe Villeneuve, the old look of this important cathedral should be kept. Villeneuve has led the cathedral’s rebuilding work since 2013. He finally announced in 2020 that the spire would be rebuilt “as it was”. This decision has led to challenges. The old spire used lots of huge oak trees (橡树). According to AP, it wasn’t until March 2021 that the first eight of the 1,000 historic French oak trees needed for the rebuild were chosen. In February 2024, scaffolding (脚手架) on the top of Notre Dame began to be taken down. This milestone (里程碑) let the public see the new spire for the first time—it has a golden rooster (公鸡) and cross on the top. Despite years of concern, Notre Dame is set to formally reopen on Dec 8. Young voices on rebuilding Like Notre Dame de Paris, many ancient buildings have been damaged by natural disasters. How would you repair them? Would you make them look modern or restore them as they were? I think it’s a good idea to add modern designs when restoring damaged historic buildings. This way, we can not only help people feel the beauty of ancient buildings, but also give the architects a chance to show their creative ideas. Also, this can make the buildings safer and more comfortable for tourists. In the end, it can help keep culture alive. Zhu Lizhi, 19, Zhongnan University of Economic and Laws, Hubei I don’t think we need to repair the damaged ancient buildings. Old buildings are always showing the civilization that built them. These buildings, whether destroyed by accidents or war, are also symbols of the downfall of the civilization. Modern technology can never fill the spiritual decay (衰败) inside. Incomplete historical buildings are a strong reminder of the destructive result of war or backwardness. Liu Xinrui, 15, Wuhan Britain-China School, Hubei Choose the answer: 1.Why are people rebuilding the Notre Dame Cathedral? A. It caught fire too easily. B. People don’t need a cathedral now. C. It is too old to be a landmark. D. A fire burned down its spire. 2.What is the rebuilding plan? A. To build a modern roof with new skills. B. To keep the old way of the building. C. To follow the French president’s suggestion. D. To build a green roof with a greenhouse. 3.What are the difficulties of the rebuilding? a. Many people disagreed on cutting down oak trees. b. It is hard to decide on the plan. c. The rooster and cross are hard to build on the top. d. The materials are hard to find. A. ab B. ac C. bc D. bd 4.What is the passage mainly about? A. Tries and challenges in rebuilding Notre Dame’s spire. B. The plan to rebuild old dangerous landmarks in Paris. C. Environmental problems of rebuilding Notre Dame’s spire. D. Different opinions on Catholic beliefs. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. D　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文围绕巴黎圣母院重建展开。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“During the fire in 2019, its spire (塔尖) was destroyed”可知，是因为火灾烧毁了塔尖才进行重建。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“However, for some like Philippe Villeneuve, the old look of this important cathedral should be kept. Villeneuve has led the cathedral's rebuilding work since 2013. He finally announced in 2020 that the spire would be rebuilt ‘as it was’”可知，最终决定按原样重建，即保留建筑的旧貌。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“However, the rebuilding plan has brought heated talks.”和“The old spire used lots of huge oak trees. According to AP, it wasn’t until March 2021 that the first eight of the 1,000 historic French oak trees needed for the rebuild were chosen.”可知，重建计划的确定上存在分歧，难以抉择，并且重建所需的橡树材料寻找过程艰难，耗费时间长。给选D。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读原文可知，文章主要讲述巴黎圣母院塔尖重建过程中的尝试和面临的挑战，包括计划争议、选材困难等。故选A。 主题语境02 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·内蒙古乌兰察布集宁亿利东方学校·期中）Most children are not interested in doing chores. They think it’s boring. How to motivate (激发) your children to do chores? Here is some advice for you. Set good examples in the family. Children always watch their parents and learn how to act from them, so parents must set a good example and take chores seriously (严肃地). This motivates children to do chores, too. Tell children about the importance of doing chores. Discuss the importance of doing chores with children. Knowing the importance of chores helps to motivate children to do them. Make a list of chores for children. When children finish the chores on the list, parents can reward them by giving them a prize (奖品). A chore list also gives children a sense of pride (自豪感) when they finish all their chores. Give children some money to do more chores. But it is not the best way. It’s best to make children feel that doing chores is the work that they should do. Remember: never use chores as a punishment (惩罚). 1.Who is the text mainly written for? A. Parents. B. Teachers. C. Children. D. Students. 2.Which of the following best describes the first suggestion? A. Doing is better than saying. B. It’s never too old to learn. C. Time is money. D. Where there is a will, there is a way. 3.What does the underlined word “reward” mean? A. 批评 B. 奖励 C. 教育 D. 评价 4.What’s the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. A　2. A　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文围绕如何激发孩子做家务的兴趣，给出了树立家庭榜样、告知孩子做家务的重要性、列家务清单、给孩子钱鼓励多做家务等建议。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“How to motivate your children to do chores?”以及文章多次提及父母应如何做来激发孩子做家务的兴趣，因此本文主要写给父母。故选A。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。第一条建议“Set good examples in the family”强调父母以身作则，与“行胜于言”的含义相符。故选A。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“by giving them a prize”可知，“reward”意为“奖励”。故选B。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。第一段总述如何激发孩子做家务的兴趣，第二至五段分别阐述具体建议，属于总分结构，对应选项A的结构。故选A。 主题语境03 人与自我-日常活动 Passage 1 （25-26八上·内蒙古乌兰察布·期中）According to a study published in the Journal of Family Psychology, scientific research explains the importance of doing chores. It found that doing chores helps kids build better self-control (自我控制) and also helps them develop a stronger sense of responsibility earlier in life. Another research from the University of Minnesota also had a finding. It showed that they learn to deal with different housework situations when kids take part in housework from a young age. This experience improves kids’ problem-solving abilities. To learn about middle school students’ chore-doing habits, 200 students from different middle schools across the country joined a survey. Let’s take a look at the results of the survey. How often do you do chores? Then, as for why students do chores, the top reason is to share housework with parents, accounting for 36.5%. 22% say they do chores to practice life skills, which is quite important for their growth. 18.5% do chores because their parents ask them to. 12% feel that doing chores makes them responsible, and 7% find doing chores interesting. The remaining 4% have other reasons. The survey results and scientific studies both show that doing chores is more than just finishing housework—it’s an important part of growing up. For middle school students, doing small chores like tidying rooms or washing dishes can help parents a lot. It also helps us learn useful skills and good qualities that will help us in the future. After all, doing chores regularly can make us more ready for our future life. 1.What can we learn from the study in the Journal of Family Psychology? A. Doing chores makes kids more interested in family life. B. Kids who do chores often have better self-control skills. C. Chores help kids get better grades at school. 2.According to the passage, ________ students do chores to practice life skills. A. 23 B. 37 C. 44 3.What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A. Most students do chores every day. B. Doing chores is only good for parents. C. Chores can help students prepare for future life. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学研究表明做家务能帮助孩子培养自我调节能力、责任感和问题解决能力，一项针对全国200名中学生的调查显示，他们做家务的主要原因是帮父母分担，其次是练习生活技能等。调查结果和科学研究均证实，做家务不仅是完成家务事，更是中学生成长的重要部分，能为未来生活做好准备。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“According to a study published in the Journal of Family Psychology, scientific research explains the importance of doing chores. It found that doing chores helps kids build better self-control (自我控制) and also helps them develop a stronger sense of responsibility earlier in life.”可知，《家庭心理学杂志》的研究指出家务能帮助孩子培养更好的自控力，故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“200 students from different middle schools across the country joined a survey.”和“22% say they do chores to practice life skills,”可知，文中提到共有200名学生进行调查，其中22% 是为了“练习生活技能”而做家务，22%×200=44，故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“For middle school students, doing small chores like tidying rooms or washing dishes can help parents a lot. It also helps us learn useful skills and good qualities that will help us in the future. After all, doing chores regularly can make us more ready for our future life.”可知，文章末段点明做家务不仅能帮助父母，也能培养学生今后生活所需的技能与责任感，故可推断做家务能帮助学生为未来生活做好准备，故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·内蒙古通辽科尔沁左翼中旗·期中）①Housework is a great disciplinary (执行纪律的) tool to use for raising children. However, not all chores are suitable for every age. The following is advice on activities to develop the children’s good habits. ②Two-year-olds can learn how to take out the rubbish. They can also help their parents carry light things and hang up clothes. At this age children should learn how to put their toys away before going to bed. ③At the age of three, children can learn how to water plants and feed pets carefully. They should learn how to make their beds and put their dishes away. Children at this age can pick up the daily newspapers, and begin to learn how to wash clothes. ④Four-year-olds should be old enough to do what the two- and three-year-olds can do and more. They can make their beds, set the table, and clean up after dinner. They should also learn how to fold their clothes and put them in the correct cabinet (柜子), as well as how to choose their clothes for the following day. ⑤Children aged five should help clean the table and change their bed sheets. They can also prepare their schoolbags, as well as something else related to (与……有关) the next school day. At this age they should learn to clean their toys and tidy up their rooms. ⑥Children grow through personal experiences. The more things they do, the faster they will develop. Others help them only when it is necessary. It is important that they learn how to be independent and try to finish the tasks by themselves. 1.What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Two-year-old children. B. Three-year-old children. C. Four-year-old children. D. Five-year-old children. 2.What makes children grow according to the passage? A. Personal experiences. B. Help from parents. C. Relationships between friends. D. Love from family. 3.What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To ask parents to do more chores at home. B. To let children do proper chores. C. To explain the importance of raising children. D. To let children do more homework at home. 4.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了家务是培养孩子的好工具，并非所有家务都适合每个年龄段的孩子，还给出了不同年龄段孩子可通过哪些家务培养好习惯，以及孩子需通过亲身实践独立完成任务来成长。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第四段开头“Four-year-olds should be old enough to do what the two- and three-year-olds can do and more.”可知，该段后文的“They”指代的是前文提到的四岁孩子。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“Children grow through personal experiences.”可知，是个人经历让孩子成长。故选A。 (3)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段“not all chores are suitable for every age. The following is advice on activities to develop the children’s good habits.”可知，本文的目的是让孩子做合适的家务。故选B。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。文章第一段总述家务对抚养孩子的作用，指出不同年龄段适合不同家务并引出下文建议；第二至五段分别介绍两岁、三岁、四岁、五岁孩子适合做的家务；第六段总结孩子通过亲身实践成长，强调独立完成任务的重要性，整体为“总—分—总”结构。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-人际交往 （25-26八上·内蒙古呼和浩特部分学校·期中）①Getting along with others is an important skill in life. It can help us make friends and live happily. Here are some ways on how to get along with others. ②First, be friendly. Smile at others and greet them when you meet. A friendly attitude (态度) can make people feel comfortable and want to be your friend. ③Second, listen carefully. When someone is talking to you, just listen to them. Ask questions if you do not understand. This shows that you respect them. ④Third, be helpful. Offer to help others when they are in need. For example, you can help your classmates with their homework or help your teacher carry books. Being helpful can make you popular. ⑤Fourth, communicate effectively (有效地). If you have a problem with someone, talk to them about it. Do not keep it to yourself. Use kind words and try to find a way together. ⑥Getting along with others takes time and effort. But if you follow these tips, you will be able to make more friends and get along well with everyone. 1.Why is getting along with others important? A. Because it can help us find a good job. B. Because it can help us get good grades. C. Because it can help us make friends and live happily. 2.What should you do when someone is talking to you? A. Keep asking questions. B. Listen carefully. C. Walk away. 3.What should you do if you have a problem with someone? A. Keep it to yourself. B. Talk to them about it. C. Tell your teacher. 4.What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A. ①/②③④⑤/⑥ B. ①/②③④/⑤⑥ C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥ 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·内蒙古包头第三十五中学·期中）Why do the leaves on trees have different colours? What makes them change their colours? Leaves use sunlight, water and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis (光合作用). Photosynthesis is important to animals as well as plants. Some animals eat plants. Other animals eat these animals. Summer is playtime. For the leaves of many trees, however, it’s work, work, work! The sun is shining. The leaves are making food for the trees. The trees keep more than enough food deep inside. Leaves are green in summer because they are making food. Leaves also have orange, yellow, or brown colours inside them. During summer, those colours are covered by the green colour. Many places get colder in autumn with shorter days and longer nights. Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical (化学物质). The orange, yellow, and brown colours grow when that happens. Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe. If the leaves are icy while still on the trees, the trees can be hurt. Trees that drop their leaves are bare (光秃秃的) in winter. They use the food they save in summer to get through the cold days and nights. Spring comes before long. Ice and snow disappear and the rains come. The sun shines, and tiny leaves grow from branches. Once again, the leaves use sunlight, water and air to make food. The cycle begins again. 1.What is photosynthesis according to the passage? A. It is a way of growing leaves. B. It is a way of changing colours. C. It is a way to make food for plants. 2.What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. The trees. B. The leaves. C. The colours. 3.What would be the best structure of the passage? A. ①②③④⑤\⑥ B. ①\②\③④⑤⑥ C. ①\②③④⑤\⑥ 4.What is the best title for the passage? A. The importance of the sunlight. B. The trees in different places. C. The changes of the tree leaves. 主题语境03 人与社会-艺术 （25-26八上·内蒙古呼和浩特玉泉·期中）Among all types of paper, Xuan paper has earned a special place in Chinese culture. The history of Xuan paper dates back to the Tang Dynasty. At that time, paper was produced in Xuancheng, Jingxian, Ningguo and Taiping. They were small towns. Among them, the paper made in Jingxian was the best for its excellent qualities. Because most paper came from Xuancheng, the paper was then known as Xuan paper. Xuan paper is made from the bark (树皮) of a special tree and rice straw (稻草). How to make it is not easy. It includes many procedures like washing, boiling, and drying. Each needs a lot of time and care. The final product is soft, thin, but strong. It doesn’t tear (扯破) easily and can take in a lot of ink. Because of these qualities, Xuan paper has been loved by painters and calligraphers. It helps them fully express their excellent ideas and feelings. Xuan paper is not only a material for art but also a cultural symbol. It stands for the rich heritage (遗产) of the arts in Chinese history. Even in today’s modern world, Xuan paper continues to hold an important position in Chinese art and cultural traditions. It serves as a bridge connecting the past with the present. The special treasures of Xuan paper ensure that the beauty of Chinese calligraphy and painting can remain and can be passed down through generations (代). 1.Where was the best Xuan paper made, according to the passage? A. Jingxian. B. Taiping. C. Ningguo. 2.What does the underlined word “procedures” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Materials. B. Steps. C. Ways. 3.Why has Xuan paper been loved by painters and calligraphers? A. Because of the price. B. Because of the size. C. Because of the qualities. 4.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The types of Xuan paper. B. The value of Xuan paper. C. The weight of Xuan paper. 主题语境04 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·内蒙古通辽科尔沁左翼中旗·期中）Every one of us, rich or poor, should at least have one or two good friends. Your friends will listen to you, take care of you, and be together with you on your journey through life. Everyone needs friends. Friendship can make us happier. How can we find a good friend? Here is some advice. ★Make friends with a person who is easy to get along with. ★Make friends with a person who has something in common with you. ★Give your friend a hand when he or she is in trouble. Friends should always be ready to help each other. ★Believe in each other. This is the most important thing in a friendship. ★Even the best friends may have a quarrel sometimes. And you may say something to hurt each other. If this happens, don’t let your quarrel last too long. Friendship is a kind of treasure in our life. It is like a bottle of wine. The longer it is kept, the better it will be. 1.What is a friendship like? A. A bottle of wine. B. A glass of water. C. A cup of tea. D. A bowl of soup. 2.The underlined word “quarrel” means “________” in Chinese. A. 分别 B. 争吵 C. 辩论 D. 见面 3.What do we know from the passage? A. We shouldn’t make friends with a person who has something in common with us. B. Friendship can make us sad. C. We should have lots of good friends. D. We can make friends with a person who is easy to get along with. 4.What’s the best title for the passage? A. Good friendship. B. All kinds of friends. C. How to find a good friend. D. Our friendship. 主题语境05 人与自我-日常活动 （25-26八上·内蒙古通辽科尔沁左翼中旗东片联盟·期中）A class in No.2 Middle School does a survey about “Students and Chores”. They ask 100 students: “What chores do you do?” and “How often?” Here are the results: Chores Number of Students How Often Take out the rubbish 85 Every day: 60; Once a week: 25 Make the bed 70 Every day: 50; Sometimes: 20 Do the dishes 40 Every day: 15; Twice a week: 25 Fold the clothes 30 Once a week: 20; Rarely: 10 The students also answer: “What do you think about doing chores?” 75% say: “It’s good to help parents.” 15% say: “It’s tiring but necessary.” 10% say: “I have no time—too much homework.” 1.How many students take out the rubbish every day? A. 85. B. 60. C. 25. 2.Which chore do the fewest students do? A. Fold the clothes. B. Do the dishes. C. Make the bed. 3.Which is TRUE according to the passage? A. 70 students make the bed every day. B. 40 students do the dishes twice a week. C. 75% of students think helping parents is good. 主题语境06 人与自然-动物与植物 （25-26八上·内蒙古乌兰察布集宁亿利东方学校·期中）It is very cold in winter in some places. Snow and ice cover the ground. It is hard for animals to find food during these cold days. They get through the hard time in many ways. Some birds fly to other places. Many of them leave before winter comes. They travel to warm places and come back in spring. We call it migration (迁徙). It’s a good way for them to get away from the cold weather. Another good way to get through winter is sleeping. Some animals, such as snakes and bears, hide (隐藏) themselves in safe places and sleep through the whole winter. We call it hibernation (冬眠). Some animals, like squirrels (松鼠), ______ lots of food in their homes before winter. When it gets cold, they stay indoors and hardly go out. Other animals have to live in the cold winter. Some animals have thick fur (皮毛) to keep warm in winter while some change the colour of the fur. Arctic foxes are brown in summer but their fur turns white in winter. 1.Which of the following animals travel to other places before winter? A. Foxes. B. Squirrels. C. Bears. D. Birds. 2.How do snakes live in winter? A. By changing their colours. B. By sleeping through winter. C. By traveling to warm places. D. By keeping food before winter. 3.Which of the following words can be put in ______? A. store B. find C. eat D. share 主题语境01 人与社会-世界 （25-26八上·内蒙古通辽科尔沁左翼中旗东片联盟·期中）France is famous for its beautiful scenery (风景), fine art and delicious food. France is the largest country in Western Europe. It has a population of about 67 million. The country is home to many famous places of interest, like the River Seine as well as the Eiffel Tower. Many visitors also come for the country’s art. If you visit France today, it is not a surprise to meet street artists in the city or see a singer in the subway. No visit to Paris is perfect without a trip to the Louvre, one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. Inside, there are 35,000 works of art, such as the painting Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci and the statue (雕塑) David by Michelangelo. It would take nine months to enjoy all the art pieces. ▲ Bread is very important in France. The best known French bread is called baguette (法式长棍面包). They are long, delicious and taste salty. Snails (蜗牛) are also a must-have here. French people eat 40,000 tons of snails every year! But France is not always good. Paris, the city of light, may also show its dark side to visitors. Chinese visitors feel sorry about the crowded subway in Paris. 1.About________ people live in France. A. 75,000,000 B. 67,000,000 C. 35,000 2.If Tom wants to enjoy art, he can visit________ . A. the River Seine B. the Eiffel Tower C. the Louvre 3.Which of the following is TRUE? A. France is the largest country in Western Europe. B. There aren’t any street artists performing in the city. C. It would take nine months to enjoy the painting Mona Lisa. 4.Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ ? A. The food in France is not delicious at all. B. French food is not as good as that in China. C. The food in France is also famous. 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 （25-26八上·内蒙古包头·期中）These days, DeepSeek has got a lot of attention on the Internet. So what is DeepSeek? It’s a Chinese AI company (公司) started by a man called Liang Wenfeng on July 17, 2023. The team members have studied in the top universities in China and have no overseas educational experience, and most of them are under 34 years old. They are also very good at math, physics and programming. The team members work on AI, especially big models. They are building a super smart brain that can think and solve problems like humans. On January 20, 2025, DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. It can help people find information and summarize (总结) it, solve math problems, write code, and answer questions. It made the whole world completely surprised because it costs much less to build. It only took the team $5.58 million (1/70 of OpenAI’s cost) and 2,048 computer chips (芯片), and two months to make it. This shows that good ideas are more important than big money. On its first day online, over 19,000 programmers around the world started projects to study it. Even Meta (a famous U.S. AI company) top scientist said, “This kind of free AI could change the world.” As a DeepSeek worker said, “We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use.” With R1, China tells the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money. 1.What is DeepSeek? A. A Chinese AI company. B. An American AI company. C. An overseas AI company. 2.When was DeepSeek-R1 introduced? A. On July 17, 2023. B. On February 20, 2025. C. On January 20, 2025. 3.What does the writer think is the most important for success? A. Being Creative and hard-working. B. Having enough time and money. C. Using the latest computer chips. 4.What is the main purpose of the article? A. To explain how the computer chips work now. B. To introduce a low-cost AI model from China. C. To compare Chinese and American AI technology. Passage 2 （25-26八上·内蒙古鄂尔多斯康巴什·期中）AI makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see the amazing AI. Cool driverless bus A bus door opens and you get on. Wait! Where is the driver? Here is a new kind of driverless bus called Apolong. It has 14 seats and doesn’t need a driver. The bus follows the traffic rules. It stops as soon as it sees a stop light. Your close friend Hi, everyone. I’m Xiaobing, a chatbot (聊天机器人). I speak like humans and you can talk with me. I’m talented in singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend! World’s first AI anchor (主播) Hey, look! The famous Chinese anchor Mr. Qiu is reporting the news for us. But, is “he” really Mr. Qiu? The answer is “no”. This is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes. You might see it on TV. 1.What can Xiaobing do? ① Sing. ② Tell stories. ③ Talk with people. ④ Drive a car alone. A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ D. ①③④ 2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. AI makes our lives harder and worse. B. Xiaobing and Mr. Qiu are real people. C. This new kind of driverless bus needs a driver to control it. D. The AI anchor can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes. 3.We can probably read the passage in ________. A. a storybook B. a notice C. a newspaper D. a novel Passage 3 （25-26八上·内蒙古呼和浩特回民·期中） If you had to describe yourself to someone else, what would you say? Realising who you are can help you understand feelings and make friends closer. Self-awareness (自我认知) means knowing your thoughts, feelings and behavior (行为), and understanding how you fit into the world. If you are self-aware, you may know that you love playing basketball because you are good at it, and music makes you happy. Knowing what you like and dislike, what you are expert in and what you find difficult allows you to make better decisions about friendships, schoolwork and even which films to watch. Being self-aware doesn't mean only thinking of yourself. By understanding your own feelings, you have more understanding for other people, too. A good way to learn about something is to ask questions. Ask yourself questions that start with “What” instead of “Why”. So if you don't understand why you keep arguing with a friend, ask yourself what you disagree on instead of why you are arguing. Learning to be more self-aware is a skill. So try out new things, like playing a new sport or listening to different music. Don’t be afraid to dislike something—it may be a key part of learning more about yourself. 1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. What self-awareness is. B. Why self-awareness is important. C. When self-awareness works. D. How to develop self-awareness. 2.Which question follows the writer’s advice to understand your problems better according to Paragraph 4? A. What mistakes did I always make? B. How will I avoid making mistakes? C. When did I make such mistakes last time? D. Why do I always make such mistakes? 3.Which of the following can replace (替代) the underlined words in the passage? A. good at B. bored with C. good with D. well in 4.What’s the message of the text? A. We should think of ourselves more. B. We should fit into the world. C. We should get to know ourselves. D. We should always ask ourselves questions. 主题语境03 人与自我-方法与哲理 Passage 1 （25-26八上·内蒙古赤峰松山·期中）You don’t have much time for your diary, but you really want to remember your best or worst times in life. Nine Square Diary (九宫格日记) is coming to help. This new kind of diary has nine squares. They show nine different areas in life, such as plans, feelings and health. Writing this diary is very easy and you can finish it in only a few minutes. That is why it is so popular now. Here is a page of Nine Square Diary from Sun Ning, a middle school student. Happy things Went to my friend’s birthday party. Enjoyed myself. Helping others Helped my cousin get ready for the singing competition. Plan To draw a picture for the school art festival of next term. Improvement Went to the market with Mom and learned to pick tomatoes. July 31, 2020, Friday Feeling Mom and Dad told me about their jobs. Glad they don’t see me as a little kid any longer. News China finished building BDS (北斗卫星导航系统). Health Felt a little tired because of too much summer vacation homework. Dream To have a meeting with our head teacher to discuss if we should rule our school by ourselves. 1.Why is Nine Square Diary so popular? A. Because it is a new kind of diary. B. Because it shows nine areas in life. C. Because it can save us a lot of time. 2.Sun Ning felt ________ the talk with her parents. A. happy about B. tired of C. angry with 3.What did Sun Ning do on July 31? A. Helped her cousin with a competition. B. Ate a delicious tomato dish at home C. Had a talk with the head teacher. Passage 2 （25-26八上·内蒙古呼伦贝尔第七中学等·期中）Most students do not enjoy doing housework. Some of them think that cleaning the bathroom or cooking dinner for the family is boring. However, if you try the following ways, you will find that housework is not as boring as you think. Learn to do small things You should learn to do small things. For example, you can do the dishes, sweep the floor or make the bed. Part of growing up is to be able to take care of yourself. Doing some things around the house shows that you are becoming responsible. Divide (分担) housework among the family In fact, it’s too tiring for one person to do all the housework alone. It’s good to divide housework into different parts. All the family members will do the housework together. Dividing housework among all the family members will make everyone’s job much easier. Make it fun Cooking is one part of housework. Cooking can be very fun if you put your heart into it. If you learn how to cook your favourite food, you will also get a feeling of satisfaction (满足). 1.You can start by learning to do some small things EXCEPT (除了) _________. A. doing the dishes B. sweeping the floor C. making the bed D. repairing the house 2.The underlined word “responsible” probably means ________ in Chinese. A. 懒惰的 B. 令人兴奋的 C. 特别的 D. 负责任的 3.Which of the following is NOT true? A. It’s no use doing small things if you want to learn how to do housework well. B. Starting to learn how to take care of yourself is important. C. It’s good to divide housework into different parts for each family member. D. You will feel satisfied if you can cook your favourite food. 4.What’s the main idea of the passage? A. It’s about some boring chores we have to do. B. It’s about how to make the boring housework more interesting. C. It’s about how to divide housework into parts. D. It’s about how to find the joy of our life. 主题语境04 人与自我-日常活动 （25-26八上·内蒙古包头第三十五中学·期中）Should children do chores at home? For some children, doing chores is boring. For many parents, getting their children to help with housework is also a big problem. However, a Malaysian mother Kate found a good way. Kate thought of a reward system (奖励制度) for her two sons at home and posted it online. She made a list of chores and gave her sons money if they finished the tasks (任务). She also opened a small shop at home for her sons. The boys could buy snacks at her small shop. Because of this system, Kate’s children are now more willing (愿意) to do their chores. Her post got over 15,000 likes online. Many parents began to imitate her. In other words, they use the same way to teach their children. ▲ Firstly, chores teach children living skills, like cooking and cleaning. Secondly, doing chores is a good way to help children keep healthy. Thirdly, doing chores makes parents and children get closer (更亲近). Finally, a child can learn to take care of himself by helping with housework. 1.How did Kate encourage her children to do chores? A. By giving them money. B. By giving them likes. C. By sharing her way online. 2.What does the underlined word “imitate” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Notice. B. Like. C. Follow. 3.Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ? A. In fact, doing chores is very important for children. B. Children should be careful when they do chores. C. However, not all children like the reward system. 4.In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage? A. SPORTS. B. FAMILY. C. FOOD. 主题语境05 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·内蒙古包头九原·期中） Amanda: My favorite animals are chameleons. I like them because they can change colours. Lots of people think that chameleons change colours to match (相配) where they are. But that’s not right! Chameleons change colours when they’re scared or unhappy, or when they’re too cold or too hot. Chameleons have very long tongues (舌头). They can use their tongues to get their food easily. I think they’re interesting animals! Anna: I really love elephants because they are strong and clever. I love their large ears and long trunks. Elephants can pick up food and put it in their mouths with their trunks. I like watching elephants on TV and I love baby elephants best. They’re so lovely. But elephants are in great danger now. We must find out some ways to save them. Isabella: Dolphins are my favorite animals. I like them because they’re so clever and friendly. Some dolphins live in zoos and they can bring exciting shows to us, like jumping or playing with balls. 1.When do chameleons change colours? A. When they feel happy and warm. B. When they feel too cold or too hot. C. When they want to find some food. 2.How does Anna like elephants? A. Strong and clever. B. Clever but awful. C. Clever and friendly 3.What can Isabella’s favorite animals do? A. They can change colours. B. They can bring exciting shows to us. C. They can pick up food with their trunks. Passage 2 （25-26八上·内蒙古通辽科尔沁左翼中旗东片联盟·期中）You may not know their name, but you’ve probably seen photos of them swimming in hot springs online. They’re called capybaras (水豚), a kind of cute animal with some amazing facts. They are big. As the world’s largest rodents (啮齿动物), adult capybaras can weigh up to 50 kg. They are as heavy as some humans! They can be up to 130 cm tall. Although they are fat, they can swim fast at a speed of up to 35 km/h. They love water. Capybaras spend a lot of time in water. Their special feet help them move quickly through water, and they can also stay underwater for up to five minutes at a time. Capybaras like to sleep in water to avoid (避免) getting sunburnt. They have an unusual diet. Capybaras love to eat hard grasses, which need to be chewed (咀嚼) many times. To finish the long chewing, capybaras’ teeth never stop growing. Capybaras also eat their own waste. They do this because the grasses they eat are too hard to digest (消化). By eating its waste, a capybara can get useful bacteria (细菌) into its stomach to help it digest food. It’s clear that capybaras are valuable to humans. Whether they’re online or at your local zoo, these cute friends are sure to make you smile at them. 1.What can we know about capybaras according to Paragraph 2? A. They are good swimmers. B. They are light in weight. C. They are as tall as an adult. 2.How do capybaras stay away from the hot sun? A. By swimming fast. B. By sleeping in water. C. By staying under the rocks. 3.Why do capybaras eat their own waste? A. Because it is better for their teeth. B. Because it takes less time to chew. C. Because it can help them to digest. 4.Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, …) A. B. C. 主题语境06 人与自然-自然 （25-26八上·内蒙古乌兰察布联盟校·期中） Lots of trees make up a forest. Do you know the following kinds of forests on the earth? Tropical (热带的) rainforests are hot and wet. These forests are home to the most kinds of plants and animals. The largest tropical rainforest is the Amazon Rainforest. It is in South America and it’s home to 10% of the world’s plants and animals. Temperate (温带的) forests are all over the earth. These forests have four seasons. They change at different times of the year. Many kinds of trees grow in temperate forests. Their leaves change colours with the seasons. Leaves fall off the trees when the weather gets cool. As the weather warms up, they grow out again. Boreal (寒带的) forests are in the northern parts of the earth, like North America, Asia, and Europe. Of the three kinds of forests, boreal forests have a very short growing season, about 130 days. The weather is cold, so it is hard for life. The largest boreal forest is in Russia. Trees can help make the air clean. Planting more trees will be good for the earth. 1.What can we know about tropical rainforests? A. They are hot and wet. B. Few animals can live in them. C. They are only in China. 2.What kind of forests are all over the earth? A. Tropical rainforests. B. Boreal forests. C. Temperate forests. 3.When do the tree leaves in temperate forests start to fall off? A. When it’s cold. B. When it’s warm. C. When it’s cool. 4.Where is the largest boreal forest? A. In China. B. In Russia. C. In America. 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 （25-26八上·内蒙古锡林郭勒盟三县联考·期中）Debates over rebuilding The rebuilding of the Notre Dame Cathedral faces challenges 巴黎圣母院：修旧如旧还是修旧如新？ In case you forgot, it’s been five years since the fire at the Notre Dame Cathedral in 2019. After five years of rebuilding, how is it doing now? This Catholic cathedral (天主教大教堂) is one of France’s landmarks (地标). It was first built in the 12th century. During the fire in 2019, its spire (塔尖) was destroyed (毁坏). In 2020, French President Emmanuel Macron said the country would finish the rebuilding work within five years. However, the rebuilding plan has brought heated talks. At first, French President Macron suggested a modern spire. He believed it could make Notre Dame “even more beautiful”, reported The Guardian. Architects (建筑师) worldwide put forward their plans, including a “green” roof (房顶) with a greenhouse, a glass spire, and even one made of beams (束) of light. However, for some like Philippe Villeneuve, the old look of this important cathedral should be kept. Villeneuve has led the cathedral’s rebuilding work since 2013. He finally announced in 2020 that the spire would be rebuilt “as it was”. This decision has led to challenges. The old spire used lots of huge oak trees (橡树). According to AP, it wasn’t until March 2021 that the first eight of the 1,000 historic French oak trees needed for the rebuild were chosen. In February 2024, scaffolding (脚手架) on the top of Notre Dame began to be taken down. This milestone (里程碑) let the public see the new spire for the first time—it has a golden rooster (公鸡) and cross on the top. Despite years of concern, Notre Dame is set to formally reopen on Dec 8. Young voices on rebuilding Like Notre Dame de Paris, many ancient buildings have been damaged by natural disasters. How would you repair them? Would you make them look modern or restore them as they were? I think it’s a good idea to add modern designs when restoring damaged historic buildings. This way, we can not only help people feel the beauty of ancient buildings, but also give the architects a chance to show their creative ideas. Also, this can make the buildings safer and more comfortable for tourists. In the end, it can help keep culture alive. Zhu Lizhi, 19, Zhongnan University of Economic and Laws, Hubei I don’t think we need to repair the damaged ancient buildings. Old buildings are always showing the civilization that built them. These buildings, whether destroyed by accidents or war, are also symbols of the downfall of the civilization. Modern technology can never fill the spiritual decay (衰败) inside. Incomplete historical buildings are a strong reminder of the destructive result of war or backwardness. Liu Xinrui, 15, Wuhan Britain-China School, Hubei Choose the answer: 1.Why are people rebuilding the Notre Dame Cathedral? A. It caught fire too easily. B. People don’t need a cathedral now. C. It is too old to be a landmark. D. A fire burned down its spire. 2.What is the rebuilding plan? A. To build a modern roof with new skills. B. To keep the old way of the building. C. To follow the French president’s suggestion. D. To build a green roof with a greenhouse. 3.What are the difficulties of the rebuilding? a. Many people disagreed on cutting down oak trees. b. It is hard to decide on the plan. c. The rooster and cross are hard to build on the top. d. The materials are hard to find. A. ab B. ac C. bc D. bd 4.What is the passage mainly about? A. Tries and challenges in rebuilding Notre Dame’s spire. B. The plan to rebuild old dangerous landmarks in Paris. C. Environmental problems of rebuilding Notre Dame’s spire. D. Different opinions on Catholic beliefs. 主题语境02 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·内蒙古乌兰察布集宁亿利东方学校·期中）Most children are not interested in doing chores. They think it’s boring. How to motivate (激发) your children to do chores? Here is some advice for you. Set good examples in the family. Children always watch their parents and learn how to act from them, so parents must set a good example and take chores seriously (严肃地). This motivates children to do chores, too. Tell children about the importance of doing chores. Discuss the importance of doing chores with children. Knowing the importance of chores helps to motivate children to do them. Make a list of chores for children. When children finish the chores on the list, parents can reward them by giving them a prize (奖品). A chore list also gives children a sense of pride (自豪感) when they finish all their chores. Give children some money to do more chores. But it is not the best way. It’s best to make children feel that doing chores is the work that they should do. Remember: never use chores as a punishment (惩罚). 1.Who is the text mainly written for? A. Parents. B. Teachers. C. Children. D. Students. 2.Which of the following best describes the first suggestion? A. Doing is better than saying. B. It’s never too old to learn. C. Time is money. D. Where there is a will, there is a way. 3.What does the underlined word “reward” mean? A. 批评 B. 奖励 C. 教育 D. 评价 4.What’s the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 主题语境03 人与自我-日常活动 Passage 1 （25-26八上·内蒙古乌兰察布·期中）According to a study published in the Journal of Family Psychology, scientific research explains the importance of doing chores. It found that doing chores helps kids build better self-control (自我控制) and also helps them develop a stronger sense of responsibility earlier in life. Another research from the University of Minnesota also had a finding. It showed that they learn to deal with different housework situations when kids take part in housework from a young age. This experience improves kids’ problem-solving abilities. To learn about middle school students’ chore-doing habits, 200 students from different middle schools across the country joined a survey. Let’s take a look at the results of the survey. How often do you do chores? Then, as for why students do chores, the top reason is to share housework with parents, accounting for 36.5%. 22% say they do chores to practice life skills, which is quite important for their growth. 18.5% do chores because their parents ask them to. 12% feel that doing chores makes them responsible, and 7% find doing chores interesting. The remaining 4% have other reasons. The survey results and scientific studies both show that doing chores is more than just finishing housework—it’s an important part of growing up. For middle school students, doing small chores like tidying rooms or washing dishes can help parents a lot. It also helps us learn useful skills and good qualities that will help us in the future. After all, doing chores regularly can make us more ready for our future life. 1.What can we learn from the study in the Journal of Family Psychology? A. Doing chores makes kids more interested in family life. B. Kids who do chores often have better self-control skills. C. Chores help kids get better grades at school. 2.According to the passage, ________ students do chores to practice life skills. A. 23 B. 37 C. 44 3.What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A. Most students do chores every day. B. Doing chores is only good for parents. C. Chores can help students prepare for future life. Passage 2 （25-26八上·内蒙古通辽科尔沁左翼中旗·期中）①Housework is a great disciplinary (执行纪律的) tool to use for raising children. However, not all chores are suitable for every age. The following is advice on activities to develop the children’s good habits. ②Two-year-olds can learn how to take out the rubbish. They can also help their parents carry light things and hang up clothes. At this age children should learn how to put their toys away before going to bed. ③At the age of three, children can learn how to water plants and feed pets carefully. They should learn how to make their beds and put their dishes away. Children at this age can pick up the daily newspapers, and begin to learn how to wash clothes. ④Four-year-olds should be old enough to do what the two- and three-year-olds can do and more. They can make their beds, set the table, and clean up after dinner. They should also learn how to fold their clothes and put them in the correct cabinet (柜子), as well as how to choose their clothes for the following day. ⑤Children aged five should help clean the table and change their bed sheets. They can also prepare their schoolbags, as well as something else related to (与……有关) the next school day. At this age they should learn to clean their toys and tidy up their rooms. ⑥Children grow through personal experiences. The more things they do, the faster they will develop. Others help them only when it is necessary. It is important that they learn how to be independent and try to finish the tasks by themselves. 1.What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Two-year-old children. B. Three-year-old children. C. Four-year-old children. D. Five-year-old children. 2.What makes children grow according to the passage? A. Personal experiences. B. Help from parents. C. Relationships between friends. D. Love from family. 3.What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To ask parents to do more chores at home. B. To let children do proper chores. C. To explain the importance of raising children. D. To let children do more homework at home. 4.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题04阅读理解（说明文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-人际交往 【答案】1.C2.B3.B4.A 主题语境02人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 【答案】1.C2.A3.C4.C 主题语境03人与社会-艺术 【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.B 主题语境04人与自我-方法与哲理 【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.C 主题语境05人与自我-日常活动 【答案】1.B2.A3.C 主题语境06人与自然-动物与植物 【答案】1.D2.B3.A 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-世界 【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.C 1/3 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境02人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.C3.A4.B Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.D3.C Passage 3 【答案】1.A2.A3.A4C 主题语境03人与自我-方法与哲理 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.A3.A Passage 2 【答案】1.D2.D3.A4.B 主题语境04人与自我-日常活动 【答案】1.A2.C3.A4.B 主题语境05人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.A3.B Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.C 主题语境06人与自然-自然 【答案】1.A2.C3.C4B 拓展培优 213 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境01人与社会-旅游 【答案】1.D2.B3.D4.A 主题语境02人与自我-方法与哲理 【答案】1.A2.A3.B4.A 主题语境03人与自我-日常活动 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.C3.C Passage 2 【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.A 3/3