Unit 5 At weekends（易错题专项训练·基础知识）英语译林版三起五年级上册（新教材）

Unit 5 At weekends 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 1.字母组合“tr”的发音规则 2.短语a lot的用法 3.动词try的用法 4.动词help的用法 5.动词spend的用法 6.短语go + doing的用法 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 高频易错点01 字母组合“tr”的发音（P62） At weekends, I travel by train, To see my grandparents again. I go past trees and fields of green, And no busy traffic can be seen. 字母组合“tr”在这里发音/tr/，如 travel /ˈtrævl/ train /treɪn/ traffic/ˈtræfɪk/ 易错点提示 /tr/ 是辅音连缀，清辅音。 口型：舌尖先抵住上齿龈做好发 /t/ 的准备，立刻滑向 /r/；双唇略收圆，快速连读，不要拆成两个独立音。 小练笔 读句子，写出每题单词划线部分与其他发音不同的单词。 1.At weekends, I try to draw a big house near the tree.            __________ 2. My brother often travels by train.                __________ 3. The traffic is heavy（拥堵的）, so we drive slowly past the big tree.     __________ 4. Frank likes to travel, and he always grows trees everywhere.      __________ 点拨 【答案】1.draw 2.brother 3.drive 4.grows 1.句意：在周末，我试着在这棵树旁边画一栋大房子。try划线部分的发音为/tr/，draw划线部分的发音为/dr/，tree划线部分的发音为/tr/。 2.句意：我的哥哥/弟弟经常坐火车出行。brother划线部分的发音为/br/，travels划线部分的发音为/tr/，train划线部分的发音为/tr/。 3.句意：交通很拥堵，所以我们缓慢开车经过这棵大树。traffic划线部分的发音为/tr/，drive划线部分的发音为/dr/，tree划线部分的发音为/tr/。 4.句意：弗兰克喜欢旅行，而且他总是在各处栽种树木。travel划线部分的发音为/tr/，grows划线部分的发音为/gr/，trees划线部分的发音为/tr/。 高频易错点02 He always eats a lot too.（P60） a lot 表示“非常、很”的意思，相当于“very much”。它是个副词，专门用来修饰动词 I like playing football a lot. 我非常喜欢踢足球。 易错点提示 a lot of = lots of 意为“很多”后面可以接： 可数名词复数（可以一个一个数的东西） There are a lot of / lots of stars in the sky. 天空中有很多星星。 不可数名词（无法一个一个数的东西） We need a lot of / lots of water. 我们需要很多水。 小练笔 单项选择。 ( ) 1. We have time to finish the homework. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lot of ( ) 2. She talks in class. The teacher is not happy. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots of ( ) 3. There are people in the park on Sunday. A. a lot B. a lots of C. lots of ( ) 4. My dog eats meat every day. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lot of ( ) 5. ---Do you like your new toy? ---Yes, I like it . A. a lot of B. a lot C. lots of 点拨 1. 答案：B。“time”是不可数名词，需要“a lot of”修饰。 2. 答案：A。“talks”是动词，要用副词“a lot”来修饰，表示“说很多话”。 3. 答案：C。“people”是可数名词复数，“lots of”可以修饰。 4. 答案：B。“meat”是不可数名词，用“a lot of”修饰。 5. 答案：B。“like”是动词，要用副词“a lot”修饰，表示“非常喜欢”。 高频易错点03 Billy tries to get out.（P61） try 作为动词，意为“尝试；努力” try to do sth. 尽力 / 努力去做某事（强调付出努力，设法完成，不一定成功） I try to draw a big house beside the tree. 我试着在树旁边画一栋大房子。 She tries to get up early every morning. 她每天早上尽力早起。 易错点提示 try one's best to do sth.表示“尽某人最大努力去做某事”，to 后面必须接动词原形 My sister tries her best to learn English well. 我姐姐尽最大努力学好英语。 同义替换: try one’s best=do one’s best He tries his best to run fast. = He does his best to run fast. 他尽最大努力跑得快。 try 作为名词，意为“试图，努力”， give it a try，含义：试一试；尝试一下 同样含义的还有 have a go=have a try 小练笔 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. I will try _______ (I) best to learn English well. 2. She tries her best _______ (help) her classmates. 3. They are trying _______ (they) best to win the game. 4. My father always tries his best _______ (make) our family happy. 单项选择。 ( )5. She tried her best _______ the exam, but she failed. A. pass B. passed C. to pass ( )6. This new toy is interesting. Let’s _______. A. give it try B. give it a try C. give try it 点拨 1. 答案：my解析：固定搭配 try one’s best，one’s 要用形容词性物主代词，I 的形容词性物主代词是 my。 2. 答案：to help解析：固定短语 try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事，to 后接动词原形。 3. 答案：their解析：try one’s best，主语是 They，对应的形容词性物主代词是 their。 4. 答案：to make解析：try one’s best to do sth. 固定结构，不定式 to + 动词原形。 5. 答案：C解析：try one’s best to do sth. 是固定搭配，必须用不定式 to do，因此选 to pass。 6. 答案：B解析：固定短语 give it a try 试一试，代词 it 放在中间，不能缺少冠词 a。A、C 结构均错误。 高频易错点04 I help them water the plants.（P63） help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 to 可以省略，后面接动词原形，小学阶段常省略to He helps me (to) clean the room. 他帮我打扫房间。 易错点提示 help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人（with后面接名词/代词，不能接动词） My mum helps me with my English. 妈妈在英语方面帮助我。 help oneself (to sth.) 随便吃/自取 Help yourself to some fruit. 随便吃点水果。 小练笔 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. My sister helps me ________ (wash) clothes at home. 2. Su Hai helps her friend with ________ (dance). 3. Tom helps his grandma with ________ (housework). 单项选择。 ( ) 4. My father often helps me ____ my Chinese. A. with B. do C. doing ( ) 5. I want ____ help my little brother. A. / B. to C. for ( ) 6. Yang Ling helps her friend ____ Maths. A. doing B. with C. do with 点拨 1. 答案：wash / to wash 解析：固定搭配 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事，to可以省略，后面跟动词原形。 2. 答案：dancing 解析：help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人，with是介词，后面接名词或者动名词（动词+ing）。dance的动名词是dancing。 3. 答案：housework 解析：help sb. with sth.，with后面接名词。housework（家务）本身就是不可数名词，不需要变形。 4. 答案：A. with 解析：help sb. with +学科名词，表示“在某学科方面帮助某人”。help me with my Chinese 在语文方面帮助我。 5. 答案：B. to 解析：固定短语 want to do sth. 想要做某事，want后面必须加to，再接动词原形。 6. 答案：B. with 解析：help sb. with +学科名词，在数学方面帮助某人。 高频易错点05 I also like spending time with my family.（P63） spend 花费（时间/金钱）; 主语必须是人（人做主语，不能用物作主语！） Sb. + spend + 时间 + with sb. 含义：和某人共度/度过……时间 I spend much time with my family. 我花很多时间和我的家人在一起。 She spends her weekend with her good friend. 她和她的好朋友共度周末。 易错点提示 两个核心句型： spend + 时间/钱 + on + 名词 “在某物上花费时间/金钱” I spend an hour on my homework. 我花一小时做我的家庭作业。 spend + 时间/钱 + (in) doing sth. “花费时间/金钱做某事” in 可以省略，后面动词用动名词 doing She spends 30 minutes (in) reading books. 她花30分钟看书。 小练笔 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. I spend two hours ________ (do) my homework every day. 2. She spends 20 yuan ________ (on / in) this pen. 3. My brother spends an hour ________ (play) basketball. 4. They spend much time ________ (on / in) their project. 5. Su Hai spends 15 minutes ________ (draw) pictures. 6. We spend 10 minutes ________ (walk) to school. 点拨 1. 答案：doing 解析：固定句型 `spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth.`，in可省略，后面动词要变为动名词形式。do的动名词是doing。 2. 答案：on 解析：`spend + 钱 + on + 名词`，表示“在某物上花钱”，on后面接物品名词this pen。 3. 答案：playing 解析：`spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth.`，play变动名词playing。 4. 答案：on 解析：`spend + 时间 + on + 名词`，on后面接名词their project。 5. 答案：drawing 解析：`spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth.`，draw变动名词drawing。 6. 答案：walking 解析：`spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth.`，walk变动名词walking。 高频易错点06 Sometimes I go climbing with my parents.（P63） go + 动词‑ing：表示去从事某项户外活动/休闲娱乐活动。 go swimming 去游泳 go fishing 去钓鱼 go boating 去划船 go skating 去滑冰 go running 去跑步 go shopping 去购物易错点提示 时态变化 1. 一般现在时：主语三单，go变为goes，后面依旧用doing He goes fishing at weekends. 他周末去钓鱼。 2. 一般过去时：go变为went，后面依旧用doing They went swimming yesterday. 他们昨天去游泳了。 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. I want to go ____ this afternoon. A. fish B. fishing C. fishes ( )2. He often ____ swimming in July. A. go B. goes C. going ( )3. Let’s go ____. A. boating B. boat C. to boat ( )4. They ____ shopping yesterday. A. go B. goes C. went ( )5. —Do you often go ____ at weekends? —Yes, I do. A. skate B. skating C. skates 点拨 1. 答案：B 解析：固定短语 `go fishing` 去钓鱼。`go + 动词-ing` 表示进行户外活动，go后面动词要加-ing。 句意：今天下午我想去钓鱼。 2. 答案：B 解析：often（经常）是一般现在时标志，主语He是第三人称单数，动词go要变为goes；`go swimming`去游泳。 句意：他经常在七月去游泳。 3. 答案：A 解析：固定短语 `go boating` 去划船。`go + doing`，boat变为boating。Let’s后接动词原形go。 句意：让我们去划船吧。 4. 答案：C 解析：yesterday（昨天）是一般过去时的标志，go的过去式是went；`go shopping`去购物。 句意：他们昨天去购物了。 5. 答案：B 解析：固定短语 `go skating` 去滑冰，`go + 动词-ing`，skate变skating。 句意：——你经常周末去滑冰吗？——是的。 综合训练 一、判断下列单词划线部分发音是否相同，相同写 S，不同写 D。 1. train tree ( ) 2. travel try ( ) 3. traffic dress ( ) 4. trip trouble ( ) 5. tree drink ( ) 二、根据首字母或中文提示填空 A. 根据首字母提示补全单词 1．She often chats with her friends on the I__________. 2．Yang Ling usually helps her grandparents w__________ the flowers. 3．Helen n__________ goes to the cinema on Monday. She goes on Sunday. 4．He likes s__________ and he often runs in the playground. 5．Billy always eats a lot and never goes o__________. B. 根据中文提示补全句子 6．She often ________________ (在网上和朋友聊天). 7．I usually ________________ (看望我的祖父母) at weekends. 8．We usually ________________ (去野餐) in the park. 9．Let’s ________________ (去爬山) this Sunday. 10．He sometimes ________________ (去看电影) with his friends. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．He often ________ (play) Chinese chess on Saturday. 2．Look! The children __________ (fly) kites in the park. 3．__________ (do) you like __________ (play) football? 4．She __________ (not go) to the cinema on Sundays. 5．She __________ (study) Chinese every evening. 6．They __________ ( chat ) with their e-friends on the Internet now. 7．They __________ (not have) lessons on Saturdays. 8．My sister __________ (not get) up late on Sundays. 9．We sometimes __________ (fly) kites in the park. 10.What __________ (do) your parents usually do on Sunday evening? 四、单项选择。 ( )1．Look! My sister ______ a beautiful flower in the garden now. A．plants B．is planting C．plant ( )2．Let ______ have a picnic in the park this sunny Saturday. A．we B．us C．our ( )3．My grandpa is good at ______ Chinese chess, and he always wins. A．play B．plays C．playing ( )4．My grandma often ______ flowers in the garden after dinner. A．plant B．plants C．planting ( )5．—What ______ your mother do at weekends? —She often goes shopping. A．do B．does C．is ( )6．My grandpa reads books every day. So he __________reads books. A．never B．sometimes C．always ( )7．It is summer. My friends often go __________. A．swim B．swims C．swimming ( )8．Sam and Bobby often __________ basketball in spring. A．play B．plays C．playing ( )9．In spring, my grandma ______ many beautiful flowers in the garden. A．plant B．plants C．planting ( )10．—What ______ Mike usually do at weekends? —He usually plays table tennis with his cousin. A．do B．does C．is 五、根据中文提示补全句子（每空一词） 1. 周末，我乘火车去看望我的祖父母。 ____ ____, I ____ ____ train to see my grandparents. 2. 我的祖父母住在一座小镇上。 My grandparents ____ in a small ____. 3. 我经常和他们一起吃晚饭。 I often ____ ____ with them. 4. 海伦在周末做什么？ ____ ____ Helen ____ at weekends? 5. 她有时去公园放风筝。 She ____ ____ a kite in the park. 6. 我总是和我的网友在网上聊天。 I ____ ____ with my e-friend on the Internet. 7. 蒂姆喜欢在周末踢足球。 Tim likes ____ football ____ weekends. 8. 他们通常在周末野餐。 They ____ have a ____ at weekends. 9. 我周末经常去看电影。 I often ____ a ____ at weekends. 10. 他有时和家人一起去游泳。 He ____ ____ swimming with his family. 六、选择合适的句子，补全对话。 Tom: Hi, Nancy. What do you do at weekends? Nancy: 1 I chat with them on the Internet too. Tom: That’s nice. 2 Nancy: Yes, I do. I often go there with my friends. 3 Tom: 4 Sometimes I have a picnic with my family. Nancy: 5 I like picnics too! A．What about you? B．I usually visit my grandparents. C．That sounds great! D．Do you often go to the cinema? E．I sometimes go climbing with my parents. 七、句型转换。 1．Mike always plays football with his friends at weekends. (对划线部分提问) _______________________________________________ 2．He often chats on the Internet after finishing homework. (改为否定句) _______________________________________________ 3．They sometimes go to the cinema. (改为否定句) They sometimes _________ _________ to the cinema. 4．My mother sometimes reads stories in the evening. (对划线部分提问) _____ _____ your mother _____ _____ in the evening? 参考答案 一、判断下列单词划线部分发音是否相同，相同写 S，不同写 D。 答案：S S D S D 1. train /treɪn/；tree /triː/ → S（都是/tr/） 2. travel /ˈtrævl/；try /traɪ/ → S（都是/tr/） 3. traffic /ˈtræfɪk/；dress /dres/ → D（tr:/tr/，dr:/dr/） 4. trip /trɪp/；trouble /ˈtrʌbl/ → S（都是/tr/） 5. tree /triː/；drink /drɪŋk/ → D（tr:/tr/，dr:/dr/） 二、根据首字母或中文提示填空 A. 根据首字母提示补全单词 1. Internet 解析：on the Internet 在网上（固定短语） 2. water 解析：help sb. water the flowers 帮某人浇花；help后面动词原形 3. never 解析：后句说她周日去，周一从不去电影院，never从不 4. sport(s) 解析：like sport 喜欢运动，后文run跑步对应运动 5. out 解析：go out出去；never goes out从不外出 B. 根据中文提示补全句子 6. chats with friends on the Internet 解析：主语she是三单，chat变chats 7. visit my grandparents 解析：主语I，动词原形visit 8. have a picnic 解析：主语we，动词原形；have a picnic野餐 9. go climbing 解析：Let’s +动词原形；go climbing去爬山 10. goes to the cinema 解析：he三单，go→goes；go to the cinema看电影 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. plays 解析：he是三单，often一般现在时，play→plays 2. are flying 解析：Look! 现在进行时，children复数 → are flying 3. Do; playing 解析：you用Do；like doing sth.喜欢做某事 4. doesn’t go 解析：she三单，一般现在时否定：doesn’t +动词原形 5. studies 解析：she三单，study变studies（辅音+y，变y为i+es） 6. are chatting 解析：now现在进行时，they复数 → are chatting 7. don’t have 解析：they复数，一般现在时否定don’t+动词原形 8. doesn’t get 解析：my sister三单，否定doesn’t +动词原形 9. fly 解析：we主语，sometimes一般现在时，动词原形 10. do 解析：your parents是复数，用do 四、单项选择。 1. B 解析：Look! now 现在进行时，sister单数，is planting 2. B 解析：let 宾格，we宾格us，let us 让我们 3. C 解析：be good at + doing，擅长做某事 4. B 解析：grandma三单，often一般现在时，plant→plants 5. B 解析：主语your mother三单，助动词does 6. C 解析：every day每天，always总是；never从不，sometimes有时，不符合 7. C 解析：go swimming 去游泳（固定搭配go+动名词） 8. A 解析：Sam and Bobby两个人复数，一般现在时动词原形play 9. B 解析：grandma三单，plant→plants 10. B 解析：Mike是三单，助动词does 五、根据中文提示补全句子（每空一词） 1. At weekends；travel by 解析：at weekends在周末；by train乘火车 2. live；town 解析：grandparents复数，live原形；town小镇 3. have dinner 解析：have dinner吃晚饭 4. What does；do 解析：Helen三单，What does sb. do？某人做什么？ 5. sometimes flies 解析：she三单，fly→flies；sometimes有时 6. always chat 解析：I作主语，动词原形chat；always总是 7. playing；at 解析：like playing football喜欢踢足球；at weekends在周末 8. usually；picnic 解析：usually通常；have a picnic野餐 9. watch/see；film 解析：watch/see a film看电影，I作主语原形 10. sometimes goes 解析：he三单，go→goes；sometimes有时 六、选择合适的句子，补全对话。 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. C 完整对话： Tom: Hi, Nancy. What do you do at weekends? Nancy: B. I usually visit my grandparents. I chat with them on the Internet too. Tom: That’s nice. D. Do you often go to the cinema? Nancy: Yes, I do. I often go there with my friends. A. What about you? Tom: E. I sometimes go climbing with my parents.Sometimes I have a picnic with my family. Nancy: C. That sounds great! I like picnics too! 七、句型转换。 1. What does Mike always do at weekends? 解析：划线plays football是动作，用what提问；Mike三单助动词does，plays变回do。 2. He doesn’t often chat on the Internet after finishing homework. 解析：he三单，一般现在时否定doesn’t，chats变回chat。 3. don’t go 解析：they复数，否定don’t，后面用动词原形go。 4. What does; do 解析：reads stories是动作，what提问；mother三单用does，reads变回do。 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $