精品解析：广州市番禺区富丽中学2025-2026学年八年级上册期中考试英语试卷

2025学年第一学期八年级英语期中检测问卷 本试卷满分90分，考试时间100分钟 一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Have you ever been to Egypt (埃及)? If you visit the country, you will find many big attractions like Pyramids (金字塔). They are one of ____1____ buildings in the world. Today, people look at them and ask, “Who built ____2____? Why? When? What is inside?” ____3____ years ago, some kings of Egypt wanted something to make people remember them, so they ordered their men ____4____ the pyramids. The idea worked and pyramids ____5____. Some pyramids are old. ____6____ are large. For example, the Pyramid of Khufu is over 146 metres high and is made ____7____ 2,300,000 stones. Most of the stones are much ____8____ than a person. Over 10,000 workers spent about 20 years ____9____ the pyramid. As one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Pyramid of Khufu has become ____10____ famous place of interest. Every year, visitors from all over the world ____11____ to visit it and they ____12____ look at the view from its bottom. How did ancient people build the pyramids? How did they carry and lift up the large stones? The stones fit (吻合) one another so well, ____13____ the people at that time didn’t have modern machines at all! Now scientists ____14____ hard to study the pyramids. However, ____15____ knows how ancient people built them. 1. A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest 2. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 3. A. Thousands B. Thousand C. Thousands of D. Thousand of 4. A. built B. to build C. building D. build 5. A. appear B. appears C. appeared D. will appear 6. A. Another B. Other C. The other D. Others 7. A. on B. by C. of D. in 8. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 9. A. complete B. completed C. to complete D. completing 10. A. a B. an C. the D. / 11. A. came B. come C. comes D. are coming 12. A. can B. need C. should D. must 13. A. so B. if C. but D. because 14. A. are working B. works C. worked D. have worked 15. A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody 二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 William grew up in a poor family in Africa. His family lived on a farm and there was no ____16____. At night, they had to use oil lamps to see. Unluckily, oil was too expensive for his parents to buy. William wanted to ____17____ the life there, but he had no idea how to realize it. One day, he read a book on how to turn wind into electricity with a windmill (风车). “That is ____18____ !” Though he didn’t know what a windmill was, he decided to give it a try. First he had to ____19____ all the materials (材料). He dug through the rubbish with his cousin on the farms nearby and ____20____ doing so until he got what he wanted. Then he started to make the windmill. Once he finished his farm work in the fields, he began to study the materials carefully, keeping ____21____ until midnight. Finally, he realized his dream after he tried many times. He fixed (固定) the windmill on the top of a wood tower to catch wind. The farmers came to look. A long wire was used to connect a ____22____ to the windmill. The wind blew and the windmill ____23____ around. To their amazement, the bulb lit up. The farmers were all happy. William threw his hands in the air and jumped ____24____. To produce more energy, he built another windmill for his farm. Growing up in a poor family, William didn’t give up in the face of difficulties. He kept reading, taught himself and lit up all the ____25____. 16. A. gas B. water C. Internet D. electricity 17. A. protect B. change C. invent D. understand 18. A. amazing B. boring C. worrying D. important 19. A. buy B. invent C. collect D. borrow 20. A. kept B. practised C. imagined D. finished 21. A. happy B. awake C. young D. clean 22. A. try B. tower C. bulb D. dream 23. A. fell B. flew C. opened D. turned 24. A. excitedly B. hurriedly C. carefully D. worriedly 25. A. team B. club C. school D. farm 三、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从26～40各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （A） Look it up Here are two articles from an encyclopedia. Diogenes Diogenes (412 BC-323 BC) was an intelligent man in ancient Europe. For him, the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible. He only had three things—his clothes, a lantern (灯笼) and a bowl to eat with, but he was very happy. One day, Diogenes saw a boy drinking water from his hands by a river, and then he threw away his bowl. Diogenes used to walk through the city with his lantern during the day. When people asked him why he carried the lantern, he would hold it up to their face, look at them and say, “I’m looking for an honest man.” (See a ) Whales Whales are the largest animals on Earth and they live in every ocean. The first fossil whales are found from rocks around 50 million years old. Some are 30 metres long and some are as heavy as 33 elephants. Whales are not fish. They live in the water, but they breathe air. Like humans, they are warm-blooded mammals (哺乳动物). Whales produce sounds that can be heard for miles underwater. They often use calls to sense (感知) the environment and to talk with each other. Nowadays, some kinds of whales are in danger, even after years of protection. People kill at least 300,000 whales and dolphins each year by fishing. (See b ) 26. According to the first article “Diogenes”, Diogenes ______. A. carried his lantern because it was dark B. gave his cup to the boy by the river C. encouraged people to live an easy life D. thought no one was honest in the world 27. What does the underlined word “they” in the second article refer to? A. whales B. fish C. mammals D. sounds 28. Which of the following words can be put into “ a ” and “ b ”? A. People; Science B. Art; Science C. Art; Earth history D. People; Earth history （B） Andrew was smart when he was young. He liked doing things in a way that he thought to be clever. But sometimes he made wrong decisions. One day, his father gave him ten dollars and asked him to buy some goldfish. When he got to the market, he found that the killifish (鳉鱼) looked like goldfish and cost less. So he bought some killifish and kept the rest of the money for himself. When Andrew got home, he said he bought the right fish and gave them to his father. His father put the fish in the tank (鱼缸) without saying anything. In fact, he knew his son didn’t buy the right fish. At the same time, he thought he should help his son grow in a right way. The next day, he said to his son, “Andrew, what did you buy yesterday? Are they goldfish?” Andrew didn’t know what to say at that time. His father added, “I’m glad that you know how to save money. I also know you are good at watching things around you. But it’s wrong to tell lies. Instead, you should do things honestly, or others will not believe in you.” From then on, Andrew’s father often asked him to do some housework, like buying daily things and helping his uncle in the shop. He did such things in an honest way. Several years later, Andrew became a successful businessman. When talking about the key to success, he said, “I want to thank my father. He has helped me know myself well and develop in a right way.” 29. What does the underlined word “lies” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. something not true B. news C. something different D. jokes 30. Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? ①Andrew’s father saw the killifish. ②Andrew helped his uncle in the shop. ③Andrew became a successful businessman. ④Andrew got ten dollars from his father. A. ①③④② B. ③④①② C. ④①②③ D. ③①④② 31. Why did Andrew thank his father? A. Because his father helped him find a good job. B. Because his father helped him develop in a right way. C. Because his father taught him how to look after himself. D. Because his father told him the importance of helping others. 32. Where can you probably read the article? A. In a travel guide. B. In a science magazine. C. In a story book. D. On a shopping website. （C） Eleven and Twelve The number “eleven” comes from the German word “ainlif”, which means “one left” in English. Twelve follows the same rule. It comes from “twalif” — “two left”. Why did people use “teen” instead of “lif” from 13 to 19? We still don’t know. 42.195 Kilometres in a Marathon (马拉松) The story began with an ancient Greek soldier, Pheidippides. Once his country won a big war (战争) and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens (雅典). He ran so fast that he died after telling people the news. To remember Pheidippides, the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games started in 1896. It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens. But people for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something different. They made it 42.195 km. And since 1924, the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon. 28 Days in February Before the calendar (历法) we use today, one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months (March through December), with six months of 30 days and four of 31 days. The second king of Rome changed the old calendar. He added 50 days for January and February. To make the new months longer, he took one day from each of the 30-day months, and then made 56 days to divide between January and February (28 days each). Later January was given one more day to add up to 355 days a year, but February still had 28 days. That’s how it became the shortest month. 33. Which language do eleven and twelve come from? A. English. B. German. C. French. D. Russian. 34. The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because ______. A. the British was bad at Maths B. the British didn’t like the Greek story C. the British wanted to run longer D. the British wanted to make it different 35. What can we know from the passage? A. People have found out why 13—19 didn’t follow the rule of twelve. B. There used to be 340 days a year in the first Roman calendars. C. Pheidippides ran from Marathon to Athens to carry the good news. D. February has become the longest month in a year. 36. What is the purpose (目的) of the passage? A. To show the use of some numbers. B. To tell the stories of some numbers. C. To give advice on how to count numbers. D. To introduce where the numbers come from. （D） Have you ever wanted to sing on stage with your favourite singer, or go to Mars? With virtual reality (虚拟现实), you might be able to do these without even leaving your home. Unlike real reality, virtual reality means completely imaginary (虚拟的) worlds, using high-performance computers, special glasses and gloves. Virtual Reality (VR) has been with us for many years — at least as an idea. Although it’s hard to tell who is the father of this technology, history suggests that it could have been the fruit of not one but at least five key people with different inventions. Thanks to these inventors, the technology has now come into use. Virtual reality is an example of VR technology. It changes the way we communicate experiences in the same way the Internet has changed the way we communicate information. Indeed, VR has become a worldwide reality, with different usages from computer games to medicine, engineering, scientific research, and so on. For example, medical learners are able to train through VR to deal with all kinds of injuries. Designers can check every corner of their buildings and make preparations. And if you are heading to Mars, a trip in VR can help you “see” what you will find before getting there. One example was a doctor who practised an operation on a baby’s heart. With this he could plan out his operation ahead of time, and helped save the baby. VR will make the world even smaller and of course it’s going to bring us closer together. However, virtual reality has some bad effects. The first big danger is disconnection from the real world. People may become less interested in their real lives. Besides this, too much use of VR equipment can create some physical and mental (精神的) dangers. Loss of one’s sense of direction and position, sea sickness and headaches are some signs of the illnesses after using VR equipments for long periods. 37. What is NOT TRUE about virtual reality (VR)? A. VR can help you sing with your favourite singer. B. VR can help you go to Mars without leaving home. C. VR means experiencing something in imaginary worlds. D. VR can help you make high-performance computers and gloves. 38. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________. A. VR is the result of a group of inventions and ideas B. VR is changing the way we communicate information C. it has taken many years to come up with the idea of VR D. it is possible to discover what people dream about with VR 39. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? A. VR changes the real world. B. VR makes the real world worse. C. VR makes people lose the real world. D. VR keeps people away from the real world. 40. The writer probably agrees that ________. A. VR is a door to the real world B. VR is like a coin with two sides C. VR is responsible for increasing mental problems D. it is harder to communicate experiences through VR 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 More than two thousand years ago, people began to use an umbrella on rainy days. ____41____ In 1823, Macintosh, an Englishman, invented the rubber (橡胶) raincoat. Columbus, a well-known Italian traveller, found the New World of America in 1492. He brought a lot of things from South America to Europe. ____42____ In 1770, people found that rubber could be used as coats. Macintosh was a worker in an eraser factory in Scotland. One day, he spilled (洒出) some rubber liquid (液体) over his coat carelessly when making erasers. He was too busy to clean it. ____43____ On the way home, it rained heavily. Without umbrella, Macintosh had to run home quickly. When he got home, he took off the wet coat. ____44____ “Why not make a rubber raincoat?” Macintosh thought. The next day, he brushed the rubber liquid all over a coat. He wore the “rubber coat” on rainy days, took a walk outside and tested if it could really keep off the rain. Amazingly, the clothes inside the “rubber coat” were not wet at all. ____45____ A. In this way, Macintosh invented the rubber raincoat. B. So he went back home wearing the dirty coat. C. But people often found it hard to hold an umbrella while walking. D. Rubber was one of them, but people didn’t know its use at that time. E. To his surprise, the area of his coat with rubber wasn’t wet at all. 四、写作（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Mike’s bike was broken, and he felt very sad because he needed it for school. His father, who is an e____46____ and good at fixing things, saw his sadness. He p____47____ to help Mike repair the bike together on Saturday. They did the repair work in the c____48____ part of their garage, because there were lots of tools. Mike wasn’t sure if they could succeed, but his father said, “ P____49____ it’s easier than we think.” They worked for an hour, and finally, everything went s____50____ and the bike was fixed. Mike was very grateful for his father’s help and learned the value of trying. 第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词） 51. 如果我们不保护老虎，终有一天它们会灭绝。 If we ________ ________ the tigers, they will ________ ________ one day. 52. 纸张是多么有用啊！它改变了人们的生活。 ________ ________ the paper is! It changes humans’ lives. 53. 在过去，对于人们来说，写信传递消息是常见的。 In the past, ________ ________ common for people ________ ________ letters to send information. 54. 我们校队向当地冠军队挑战了一场足球比赛。 Our school team ________ the local champion team ________ a football match. 55. 如今，越来越多的人依靠智能手机。 These days, more and more people ________ ________ smartphones. 第三节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分） 56. 随着科技的进步，智能手机越来越普遍，几乎每个人都拥有智能手机。我们对富丽中学初二学生每周使用智能手机的情况进行了调查。请根据下面表格中的内容，以“A survey on weekly smartphone use”为题，用英语写一篇作文。 注意： 1．参考词汇：short video 短视频; waste 浪费 2．词数要求100左右。（文章的标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数） 3．不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息。 智能手机使用调查结果 55%的学生上网查资料，学习英语。 45%的学生玩电脑游戏，看短视频。 使用智能手机的利弊 1．对学习有帮助 2．自行补充…… 1．浪费时间和金钱 2．自行补充…… 你的建议（1点） …… A survey on weekly smartphone use Recently, we did a survey on weekly smartphone use of eighth graders in Fuli Middle School. Here is the result. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第一学期八年级英语期中检测问卷 本试卷满分90分，考试时间100分钟 一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Have you ever been to Egypt (埃及)? If you visit the country, you will find many big attractions like Pyramids (金字塔). They are one of ____1____ buildings in the world. Today, people look at them and ask, “Who built ____2____? Why? When? What is inside?” ____3____ years ago, some kings of Egypt wanted something to make people remember them, so they ordered their men ____4____ the pyramids. The idea worked and pyramids ____5____. Some pyramids are old. ____6____ are large. For example, the Pyramid of Khufu is over 146 metres high and is made ____7____ 2,300,000 stones. Most of the stones are much ____8____ than a person. Over 10,000 workers spent about 20 years ____9____ the pyramid. As one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Pyramid of Khufu has become ____10____ famous place of interest. Every year, visitors from all over the world ____11____ to visit it and they ____12____ look at the view from its bottom. How did ancient people build the pyramids? How did they carry and lift up the large stones? The stones fit (吻合) one another so well, ____13____ the people at that time didn’t have modern machines at all! Now scientists ____14____ hard to study the pyramids. However, ____15____ knows how ancient people built them. 1. A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest 2. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 3. A. Thousands B. Thousand C. Thousands of D. Thousand of 4. A. built B. to build C. building D. build 5. A. appear B. appears C. appeared D. will appear 6. A. Another B. Other C. The other D. Others 7. A. on B. by C. of D. in 8. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 9. A. complete B. completed C. to complete D. completing 10. A. a B. an C. the D. / 11. A. came B. come C. comes D. are coming 12. A. can B. need C. should D. must 13. A. so B. if C. but D. because 14. A. are working B. works C. worked D. have worked 15. A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了埃及金字塔的相关信息。 【1题详解】 句意：它们是世界上最大的建筑之一。 big大的（原级）；bigger更大的（比较级）；biggest最大的（最高级）；the biggest最大的（最高级）。根据“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式”结构可知，the biggest符合语境。故选D。 【2题详解】 句意：谁建造了它们？ they它们（人称代词的主格）；them它们（人称代词的宾格）；their它们的（形容词性物主代词）；theirs它们的（名词性物主代词）。分析“Who built...?”可知，空处是句子的宾语，指的是上文提到的Pyramids“金字塔”，所以空处应用人称代词的宾格them指代Pyramids。故选B。 【3题详解】 句意：几千年前，一些埃及国王想要一些东西让人们记住他们，所以他们命令他们的子民建造金字塔。 Thousands数千（复数形式）；Thousand千（原形）；Thousands of几千；Thousand of错误表达。当thousand前没有具体的数字修饰，且与of连用时，thousand要用复数形式thousands。故选C。 【4题详解】 句意：几千年前，一些埃及国王想要一些东西让人们记住他们，所以他们命令他们的子民建造金字塔。 built建造（过去式）；to build建造（动词不定式）；building建造（动词-ing形式）；build建造（原形）。根据短语order sb. to do sth.“命令某人做某事”可知，空处应选动词不定式。故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：这个想法成功了，金字塔出现了。 appear出现（原形）；appears出现（第三人称单数形式）；appeared出现（过去式）；will appear将出现（一般将来时）。此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，动词要使用过去式。故选C。 【6题详解】 句意：另一些金字塔都很大。 Another另一个；Other其他的（其后要接名词）；The other（两者中的）另一个；Others其他的（其后不接名词）。根据上文“Some pyramids are old....are large.”和选项可知，本题考查some...others...“一些……另一些……”。故选D。 【7题详解】 句意：例如，胡夫金字塔高146米，由230万块石头组成。 on在……上面；by通过；of属于……的；in在……里面。根据“is made...2,300,000 stones”和选项可知，本题考查短语be made of“由……制成”。故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：大多数石头比人高得多。 tall高的（原级）；taller更高的（比较级）；tallest最高的（最高级）；the tallest最高的（最高级）。根据“than”可知，空处应用比较级。故选B。 【9题详解】 句意：超过10000名工人花了大约20年完成了这座金字塔。 complete完成（原形）；completed完成（过去式）；to complete完成（动词不定式）；completing完成（动词-ing形式）。根据短语spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”可知，空处应选动词-ing形式。故选D。 【10题详解】 句意：作为古代世界七大奇迹之一，胡夫金字塔已经成为一个著名的名胜古迹。 a一个（不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素前）；an一个（不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素前）；the这个，那个（定冠词，表示特指）；/不填。此处泛指一个著名的名胜古迹，应用不定冠词a或an，空后的famous以辅音音素开头，所以空处应填a。故选A。 【11题详解】 句意：每年，来自世界各地的游客来参观它，他们可以从它的底部看风景。 came来（过去式）；come来（原形）；comes来（第三人称单数形式）；are coming要来了（动词现在分词）。根据“Every year”可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语visitors表示复数，所以动词要用原形。故选B。 【12题详解】 句意：每年，来自世界各地的游客来参观它，他们可以从它的底部看风景。 can可以；need需要；should应该；must必须。结合选项和“they...look at the view from its bottom”可知，此处表示游客可以从金字塔的底部看风景。故选A。 【13题详解】 句意：石头彼此之间非常吻合，但当时的人根本没有现代机器！ so因此；if如果；but但是；because因为。分析“The stones fit (吻合) one another so well...the people at that time didn’t have modern machines at all!”可知，这两句是转折关系，连词but符合语境。故选C。 【14题详解】 句意：现在科学家们正在努力研究金字塔。 are working正在工作（现在进行时）；works工作（一般现在时）；worked工作（一般过去时）；have worked已经工作（现在完成时）。根据“Now”可知，此处应用现在进行时。故选A。 【15题详解】 句意：然而，没有人知道古代人是如何建造它们的。 somebody某人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据“However”可知，此处表示虽然科学家们正在努力研究金字塔，但是没有人知道古代人是如何建造它们的。故选D。 二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 William grew up in a poor family in Africa. His family lived on a farm and there was no ____16____. At night, they had to use oil lamps to see. Unluckily, oil was too expensive for his parents to buy. William wanted to ____17____ the life there, but he had no idea how to realize it. One day, he read a book on how to turn wind into electricity with a windmill (风车). “That is ____18____ !” Though he didn’t know what a windmill was, he decided to give it a try. First he had to ____19____ all the materials (材料). He dug through the rubbish with his cousin on the farms nearby and ____20____ doing so until he got what he wanted. Then he started to make the windmill. Once he finished his farm work in the fields, he began to study the materials carefully, keeping ____21____ until midnight. Finally, he realized his dream after he tried many times. He fixed (固定) the windmill on the top of a wood tower to catch wind. The farmers came to look. A long wire was used to connect a ____22____ to the windmill. The wind blew and the windmill ____23____ around. To their amazement, the bulb lit up. The farmers were all happy. William threw his hands in the air and jumped ____24____. To produce more energy, he built another windmill for his farm. Growing up in a poor family, William didn’t give up in the face of difficulties. He kept reading, taught himself and lit up all the ____25____. 16. A. gas B. water C. Internet D. electricity 17. A. protect B. change C. invent D. understand 18. A. amazing B. boring C. worrying D. important 19. A. buy B. invent C. collect D. borrow 20. A. kept B. practised C. imagined D. finished 21. A. happy B. awake C. young D. clean 22. A. try B. tower C. bulb D. dream 23. A. fell B. flew C. opened D. turned 24. A. excitedly B. hurriedly C. carefully D. worriedly 25. A. team B. club C. school D. farm 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个贫困的非洲男孩，在一个没有电的农场里长大，他通过阅读一本书学会了如何利用风车发电，最终为农场带来了电力，他的坚持和创新精神激励了其他人。 【16题详解】 句意：他家住在农场，没有电。 gas汽油；water水；Internet网络；electricity电。根据“At night, they had to use oil lamps to see.”和“One day, he read a book on how to turn wind into electricity with a windmill (风车).”可知，这里是指没有电。故选D。 【17题详解】 句意：威廉想改变那里的生活，但他不知道如何实现。 protect保护；change改变；invent发明；understand理解。根据“William wanted to...the life there, but he had no idea how to realize it.”可知，这里是指改变那里的生活。故选B。 【18题详解】 句意：太神奇了！ amazing神奇的；boring无聊的；worrying令人担忧的；important重要的。根据“One day, he read a book on how to turn wind into electricity with a windmill (风车).”可知，他从书上看到可以通过风车把风变成电，觉得很神奇。故选A。 【19题详解】 句意：首先，他必须收集所有的材料。 buy买；invent发明；collect收集；borrow借。根据“He dug through the rubbish with his cousin on the farms nearby and...doing so until he got what he wanted.”可知，这里是指他收集材料。故选C。 【20题详解】 句意：他和表弟在附近的农场里挖垃圾，一直挖，直到得到他想要的东西。 kept保持；practised练习；imagined想象；finished完成。根据“and...doing so until he got what he wanted.”可知，这里是指一直挖。故选A。 【21题详解】 句意：他一完成田里的农活，就开始认真研究材料，直到半夜都不睡觉。 happy开心的；awake醒着的；young年轻的；clean干净的。根据“he began to study the materials carefully, keeping...until midnight.”可知，这里是指他一直到半夜都保持清醒，不睡觉。故选B。 【22题详解】 句意：用一根长电线把灯泡和风车连接起来。 try尝试；tower塔；bulb灯泡；dream梦想。根据下文的“the bulb lit up.”可知，这里是指灯泡。故选C。 【23题详解】 句意：风一吹，风车就会转动。 fell落下；flew飞；opened打开；turned转动。根据“The wind blew and the windmill...around.”可知，这里是指风一吹，风车就会转动。故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：威廉举起双手，兴奋地跳了起来。 excitedly兴奋地；hurriedly匆忙地；carefully认真地；worriedly担忧地。根据“To their amazement, the bulb lit up. The farmers were all happy. William threw his hands in the air and jumped... ”可知，这里是指看到灯泡亮了，所以他兴奋地跳了起来。故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：他坚持读书，自学，并点亮了整个农场。 team队伍；club俱乐部；school学校；farm农场。根据“His family lived on a farm and there was no...”可知，这里是指农场。故选D。 三、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从26～40各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （A） Look it up Here are two articles from an encyclopedia. Diogenes Diogenes (412 BC-323 BC) was an intelligent man in ancient Europe. For him, the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible. He only had three things—his clothes, a lantern (灯笼) and a bowl to eat with, but he was very happy. One day, Diogenes saw a boy drinking water from his hands by a river, and then he threw away his bowl. Diogenes used to walk through the city with his lantern during the day. When people asked him why he carried the lantern, he would hold it up to their face, look at them and say, “I’m looking for an honest man.” (See a ) Whales Whales are the largest animals on Earth and they live in every ocean. The first fossil whales are found from rocks around 50 million years old. Some are 30 metres long and some are as heavy as 33 elephants. Whales are not fish. They live in the water, but they breathe air. Like humans, they are warm-blooded mammals (哺乳动物). Whales produce sounds that can be heard for miles underwater. They often use calls to sense (感知) the environment and to talk with each other. Nowadays, some kinds of whales are in danger, even after years of protection. People kill at least 300,000 whales and dolphins each year by fishing. (See b ) 26. According to the first article “Diogenes”, Diogenes ______. A. carried his lantern because it was dark B. gave his cup to the boy by the river C. encouraged people to live an easy life D. thought no one was honest in the world 27. What does the underlined word “they” in the second article refer to? A. whales B. fish C. mammals D. sounds 28. Which of the following words can be put into “ a ” and “ b ”? A. People; Science B. Art; Science C. Art; Earth history D. People; Earth history 【答案】26. C 27. A 28. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了《百科全书》中的两篇文章，一个是关于智者过着简单的生活，另一个是关于鲸鱼的故事。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据“For him, the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible.”可知，对他来说，快乐的方式就是拥有尽可能少的东西，故推出Diogenes鼓励人们过轻松的生活。故选C。 【27题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Whales are not fish. They live in the water, but they breathe air. Like humans, they are warm-blooded mammals (哺乳动物).”可知，此处说的是鲸鱼是温血哺乳动物，故推出划线部分they指代whales。故选A。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一篇文章讲述的是关于智者的故事，故推出应出自人类，第二篇讲述的是鲸鱼的相关知识，应选自科学。故选A。 （B） Andrew was smart when he was young. He liked doing things in a way that he thought to be clever. But sometimes he made wrong decisions. One day, his father gave him ten dollars and asked him to buy some goldfish. When he got to the market, he found that the killifish (鳉鱼) looked like goldfish and cost less. So he bought some killifish and kept the rest of the money for himself. When Andrew got home, he said he bought the right fish and gave them to his father. His father put the fish in the tank (鱼缸) without saying anything. In fact, he knew his son didn’t buy the right fish. At the same time, he thought he should help his son grow in a right way. The next day, he said to his son, “Andrew, what did you buy yesterday? Are they goldfish?” Andrew didn’t know what to say at that time. His father added, “I’m glad that you know how to save money. I also know you are good at watching things around you. But it’s wrong to tell lies. Instead, you should do things honestly, or others will not believe in you.” From then on, Andrew’s father often asked him to do some housework, like buying daily things and helping his uncle in the shop. He did such things in an honest way. Several years later, Andrew became a successful businessman. When talking about the key to success, he said, “I want to thank my father. He has helped me know myself well and develop in a right way.” 29. What does the underlined word “lies” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. something not true B. news C. something different D. jokes 30. Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? ①Andrew’s father saw the killifish. ②Andrew helped his uncle in the shop. ③Andrew became a successful businessman. ④Andrew got ten dollars from his father. A. ①③④② B. ③④①② C. ④①②③ D. ③①④② 31. Why did Andrew thank his father? A. Because his father helped him find a good job. B. Because his father helped him develop in a right way. C. Because his father taught him how to look after himself. D. Because his father told him the importance of helping others. 32. Where can you probably read the article? A. In a travel guide. B. In a science magazine. C. In a story book. D. On a shopping website. 【答案】29. A 30. C 31. B 32. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了安德鲁幼时买了便宜的鳉鱼代替金鱼，被父亲发现后，父亲教育他，省钱是一件好事，但不能说谎。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Instead, you should do things honestly...”可知，安德鲁不诚实，因此lies意为“谎言”。故选A。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据“One day, his father gave him ten dollars and asked him to buy some goldfish.”可知，安德鲁的父亲给了安德鲁十美元去买金鱼；根据“Andrew, what did you buy yesterday? Are they goldfish?”可知，父亲知道了安德鲁买的是鳉鱼而不是金鱼；根据“From then on, Andrew’s father often asked him to do some housework, like buying daily things and helping his uncle in the shop. He did such things in an honest way.”可知，后来安德鲁在叔叔的店里帮忙；根据“Several years later, Andrew became a successful businessman.”可知，最后安德鲁成为了一名成功的商人。正确的顺序是④①②③。故选C。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I want to thank my father. He has helped me know myself well and develop in a right way.”可知，父亲教导安德鲁是为了帮助安德鲁以正确的方式成长，对此安德鲁很是感激父亲。故选B。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了安德鲁幼时做错了事情，在父亲的教导下走向正轨，取得成功的故事，因此会在故事书中读到。故选C。 （C） Eleven and Twelve The number “eleven” comes from the German word “ainlif”, which means “one left” in English. Twelve follows the same rule. It comes from “twalif” — “two left”. Why did people use “teen” instead of “lif” from 13 to 19? We still don’t know. 42.195 Kilometres in a Marathon (马拉松) The story began with an ancient Greek soldier, Pheidippides. Once his country won a big war (战争) and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens (雅典). He ran so fast that he died after telling people the news. To remember Pheidippides, the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games started in 1896. It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens. But people for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something different. They made it 42.195 km. And since 1924, the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon. 28 Days in February Before the calendar (历法) we use today, one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months (March through December), with six months of 30 days and four of 31 days. The second king of Rome changed the old calendar. He added 50 days for January and February. To make the new months longer, he took one day from each of the 30-day months, and then made 56 days to divide between January and February (28 days each). Later January was given one more day to add up to 355 days a year, but February still had 28 days. That’s how it became the shortest month. 33. Which language do eleven and twelve come from? A. English. B. German. C. French. D. Russian. 34. The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because ______. A. the British was bad at Maths B. the British didn’t like the Greek story C. the British wanted to run longer D. the British wanted to make it different 35. What can we know from the passage? A. People have found out why 13—19 didn’t follow the rule of twelve. B. There used to be 340 days a year in the first Roman calendars. C. Pheidippides ran from Marathon to Athens to carry the good news. D. February has become the longest month in a year. 36. What is the purpose (目的) of the passage? A. To show the use of some numbers. B. To tell the stories of some numbers. C. To give advice on how to count numbers. D. To introduce where the numbers come from. 【答案】33. B 34. D 35. C 36. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一则关于数字、马拉松和日历计算法的短文。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格第一栏“The number ‘eleven’ comes from the German word ‘ainlif’, which means ‘one left’ in English. Twelve follows the same rule.”可知，数字11和12来自德语。故选B。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格第二栏“But people for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something different.”可知，1908年伦敦奥运会的组织者想要添加一些不同的东西。故选D。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格第二栏“The story began with an ancient Greek soldier, Pheidippides. Once his country won a big war and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens.”可知，费迪庇得斯从马拉松跑到雅典去传达这个好消息，选项C表述正确。故选C。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一则关于数字、马拉松和日历计算法的短文，是讲了一些数字的故事。故选B。 （D） Have you ever wanted to sing on stage with your favourite singer, or go to Mars? With virtual reality (虚拟现实), you might be able to do these without even leaving your home. Unlike real reality, virtual reality means completely imaginary (虚拟的) worlds, using high-performance computers, special glasses and gloves. Virtual Reality (VR) has been with us for many years — at least as an idea. Although it’s hard to tell who is the father of this technology, history suggests that it could have been the fruit of not one but at least five key people with different inventions. Thanks to these inventors, the technology has now come into use. Virtual reality is an example of VR technology. It changes the way we communicate experiences in the same way the Internet has changed the way we communicate information. Indeed, VR has become a worldwide reality, with different usages from computer games to medicine, engineering, scientific research, and so on. For example, medical learners are able to train through VR to deal with all kinds of injuries. Designers can check every corner of their buildings and make preparations. And if you are heading to Mars, a trip in VR can help you “see” what you will find before getting there. One example was a doctor who practised an operation on a baby’s heart. With this he could plan out his operation ahead of time, and helped save the baby. VR will make the world even smaller and of course it’s going to bring us closer together. However, virtual reality has some bad effects. The first big danger is disconnection from the real world. People may become less interested in their real lives. Besides this, too much use of VR equipment can create some physical and mental (精神的) dangers. Loss of one’s sense of direction and position, sea sickness and headaches are some signs of the illnesses after using VR equipments for long periods. 37. What is NOT TRUE about virtual reality (VR)? A. VR can help you sing with your favourite singer. B. VR can help you go to Mars without leaving home. C. VR means experiencing something in imaginary worlds. D. VR can help you make high-performance computers and gloves. 38. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________. A. VR is the result of a group of inventions and ideas B. VR is changing the way we communicate information C. it has taken many years to come up with the idea of VR D. it is possible to discover what people dream about with VR 39. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? A. VR changes the real world. B. VR makes the real world worse. C. VR makes people lose the real world. D. VR keeps people away from the real world. 40. The writer probably agrees that ________. A. VR is a door to the real world B. VR is like a coin with two sides C. VR is responsible for increasing mental problems D. it is harder to communicate experiences through VR 【答案】37. D 38. A 39. D 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要是关于VR技术的利弊讨论，引发人们对VR技术发展的思考。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第一段“Unlike real reality, virtual reality means completely imaginary (虚拟的) worlds, using high-performance computers, special glasses and gloves.”可知，VR是使用高性能计算机、特殊眼镜和手套，而不是制造高性能的电脑和手套。故选D。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Although it’s hard to tell who is the father of this technology, history suggests that it could have been the fruit of not one but at least five key people with different inventions. Thanks to these inventors, the technology has now come into use.”可知，虚拟现实是一组发明和想法的结果。故选A。 【39题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文中“However, virtual reality has some bad effects. The first big danger is disconnection from the real world. People may become less interested in their real lives.”可知，VR使得人们可能对现实生活变得不那么感兴趣。故选D。 【40题详解】 观点态度题。根据“VR will make the world even smaller and of course it’s going to bring us closer together. Like any technology, however, virtual reality has its negative effects.”可知，VR使得世界更小了，但是它也有不好的一面，因此作者认为VR具有两面性。故选B。 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 More than two thousand years ago, people began to use an umbrella on rainy days. ____41____ In 1823, Macintosh, an Englishman, invented the rubber (橡胶) raincoat. Columbus, a well-known Italian traveller, found the New World of America in 1492. He brought a lot of things from South America to Europe. ____42____ In 1770, people found that rubber could be used as coats. Macintosh was a worker in an eraser factory in Scotland. One day, he spilled (洒出) some rubber liquid (液体) over his coat carelessly when making erasers. He was too busy to clean it. ____43____ On the way home, it rained heavily. Without umbrella, Macintosh had to run home quickly. When he got home, he took off the wet coat. ____44____ “Why not make a rubber raincoat?” Macintosh thought. The next day, he brushed the rubber liquid all over a coat. He wore the “rubber coat” on rainy days, took a walk outside and tested if it could really keep off the rain. Amazingly, the clothes inside the “rubber coat” were not wet at all. ____45____ A. In this way, Macintosh invented the rubber raincoat. B. So he went back home wearing the dirty coat. C. But people often found it hard to hold an umbrella while walking. D. Rubber was one of them, but people didn’t know its use at that time. E. To his surprise, the area of his coat with rubber wasn’t wet at all. 【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. E 45. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了橡胶雨衣的发明过程。 【41题详解】 根据上文“people began to use an umbrella on rainy days”可知，空处应与人们使用雨伞有关。选项C“但是人们经常发现走路时很难撑伞。”符合语境，故选C。 【42题详解】 根据上文“He brought a lot of things from South America to Europe.”和下文“In 1770, people found that rubber could be used as coats.”可知，空处应说明哥伦布把橡胶带到了欧洲。选项D“橡胶就是其中之一，但当时人们并不知道它的用途。”符合语境，故选D。 【43题详解】 根据上文“he spilled (洒出) some rubber liquid (液体) over his coat carelessly when making erasers. He was too busy to clean it.”可知，麦金托什太忙了，没时间清理洒在外套上的橡胶液体，选项B“所以他穿着脏外套回家了。”符合语境，故选B。 【44题详解】 根据上文“When he got home, he took off the wet coat.”可知，空处应说明麦金托什脱下外套后发生的事情。选项E“令他惊讶的是，他外套上有橡胶的地方一点也没湿。”符合语境，故选E。 【45题详解】 根据上文“Amazingly, the clothes inside the ‘rubber coat’ were not wet at all.”可知，经过试验，麦金托什发现“橡胶外套”里面的衣服一点也没湿，选项A“就这样，麦金托什发明了橡胶雨衣。”符合语境，故选A。 四、写作（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Mike’s bike was broken, and he felt very sad because he needed it for school. His father, who is an e____46____ and good at fixing things, saw his sadness. He p____47____ to help Mike repair the bike together on Saturday. They did the repair work in the c____48____ part of their garage, because there were lots of tools. Mike wasn’t sure if they could succeed, but his father said, “ P____49____ it’s easier than we think.” They worked for an hour, and finally, everything went s____50____ and the bike was fixed. Mike was very grateful for his father’s help and learned the value of trying. 【答案】46. engineer##ngineer 47. promised##romised 48. corner##orner 49. Perhaps/erhaps 50. smoothly‌##moothly‌ 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了迈克的自行车坏了，他擅长修理东西的工程师父亲主动提出帮他一起修理，最终成功修好，迈克从中领悟到尝试的价值。 【46题详解】 句意：他的父亲是一名工程师，擅长修理东西，看到了他的难过。该处需一个名词，在句中作表语，与不定冠词“an”搭配，说明父亲的职业身份。根据后文“good at fixing things”以及帮忙修自行车的语境，父亲应是“工程师”。结合首字母“e”，应填engineer。 【47题详解】 句意：他承诺周六帮迈克一起修理自行车。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，与后面的“to help”构成搭配，表示“承诺做某事”。根据上下文，父亲看到迈克难过，承诺帮忙修自行车，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。结合首字母“p”，应填promised。 【48题详解】 句意：他们在车库的角落里进行修理工作，因为那里有很多工具。该处需一个名词，在句中与“the”和“of their garage”搭配，表示车库的某个位置。结合后文“there were lots of tools”以及修理工作的场景，应是“角落”一词。结合首字母“c”，应填corner。 【49题详解】 句意：迈克不确定他们能否成功，但父亲说：“也许这比我们想象的更容易。”该处需一个副词，在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，表示推测或可能性。根据后文“it’s easier than we think”以及父亲鼓励迈克的语境，此处表示“也许、可能”。结合首字母“P”，应填Perhaps。 【50题详解】 句意：他们工作了一个小时，最后，一切进展顺利，自行车修好了。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语，修饰动词“went”，表示事情进展的方式。根据后文“the bike was fixed”以及修理成功的语境，此处表示“顺利地”。结合首字母“s”，应填smoothly。 第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词） 51. 如果我们不保护老虎，终有一天它们会灭绝。 If we ________ ________ the tigers, they will ________ ________ one day. 【答案】 ①. don’t ②. protect ③. die ④. out 【解析】 【详解】原句中“不保护”和“灭绝”是关键词，if引导条件状语从句遵循主将从现，主语we，否定用don’t，后接动词原形protect；“灭绝”可用短语die out，will后接动词原形。因此①应填don’t；②应填protect；③应填die；④应填out。 52. 纸张是多么有用啊！它改变了人们的生活。 ________ ________ the paper is! It changes humans’ lives. 【答案】 ①. How ②. useful 【解析】 【详解】 句子为感叹句，中心词是形容词useful “有用的”。感叹句的结构为 “How+形容词+主语+谓语”。故填How；useful。 53. 在过去，对于人们来说，写信传递消息是常见的。 In the past, ________ ________ common for people ________ ________ letters to send information. 【答案】 ①. it  ②. was  ③. to  ④. write 【解析】 【详解】根据“In the past,”可知，本句是一般过去时，it was adj for sb to do sth“做某事对于某人来说是……”；write letters“写信”。故填it；was；to；write。 54. 我们校队向当地冠军队挑战了一场足球比赛。 Our school team ________ the local champion team ________ a football match. 【答案】 ①. challenged ②. to 【解析】 【详解】对比中英文可知，空格处缺少“向……挑战……”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查challenge sb. to sth.“向某人挑战某事”，动词短语；结合汉语中“挑战了”可知，句子描述过去发生的事，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词challenge应用其过去式challenged。故填challenged；to。 55. 如今，越来越多的人依靠智能手机。 These days, more and more people ________ ________ smartphones. 【答案】 ①. depend ②. on 【解析】 【详解】原句中“依靠”是关键词，对应的短语是depend on。本句为一般现在时，主语more and more people是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填depend；on。 第三节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分） 56. 随着科技的进步，智能手机越来越普遍，几乎每个人都拥有智能手机。我们对富丽中学初二学生每周使用智能手机的情况进行了调查。请根据下面表格中的内容，以“A survey on weekly smartphone use”为题，用英语写一篇作文。 注意： 1．参考词汇：short video 短视频; waste 浪费 2．词数要求100左右。（文章的标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数） 3．不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息。 智能手机使用调查结果 55%的学生上网查资料，学习英语。 45%的学生玩电脑游戏，看短视频。 使用智能手机的利弊 1．对学习有帮助 2．自行补充…… 1．浪费时间和金钱 2．自行补充…… 你的建议（1点） …… A survey on weekly smartphone use Recently, we did a survey on weekly smartphone use of eighth graders in Fuli Middle School. Here is the result. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： A survey on weekly smartphone use Recently, we did a survey on weekly smartphone use of eighth graders in Fuli Middle School. Here is the result. 55% of the students use smartphones to look up useful information and learn English in their free time. However,45% of them spend plenty of time playing computer games and watching short videos. Smartphones can greatly help us with our study and open our eyes to the outside world. But they may waste our time and money. What's more, using phones for too long is bad for our eyes and influences our normal study. In my opinion, we should use smartphones properly. We should make it a helpful tool for our study and keep away from meaningless online activities. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：英语调查报告议论短文，以一般过去时、一般现在时为主 明确要点：介绍调查结果；阐述智能手机利弊；提出一点个人建议；词数100左右；标题和开头已给出不计入总词数；不得透露个人信息 确定人称：第一人称（we/I）、第三人称 注意事项：完整覆盖表格全部要点；数据描述准确；合理补充利弊内容；语句通顺 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：题目已给出，交代调查对象与主题 主体段：介绍调查数据，分别说明智能手机的优点与弊端 结尾段：给出个人建议，总结观点 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：介绍调查结果 数据选择：55%of the students look up information online/learn English；45%of the students play computer games/watch short videos等 描述句式：55%of students use smartphones to…while 45%of them…等 作用效果：清晰呈现调查数据，引出下文对手机利弊的讨论 要点二：智能手机的利弊 有利方面：help with our study/open our eyes to new knowledge等 有害方面：waste time and money/be bad for our eyes/affect our schoolwork等 作用效果：正反两方面分析，客观全面看待智能手机 要点三：你的建议 建议选择：We should use smartphones in a right way/We should control our screen time等 具体说明：Use it for study instead of playing games等 作用效果：提出合理倡议，升华文章主题 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $