Unit 3 Same or Different 形容词副词的比较级和原级（核心语法精练） 【简语法-单元核心语法精练】2026-2027学年英语八年级上册（人教版）

该初中英语学习任务单以“Same or Different”为主题，聚焦形容词、副词的比较级和原级，通过“核心语法回顾-专项能力突破-解题综合提升”递进式设计，结合思维导图梳理规则变化、原级用法及修饰词等考点，构建从基础到应用的完整学习路径。 亮点在于分层任务与核心素养融合，如通过单项选择、语法填空等题型强化语言能力，借助“比较级+and+比较级”等句型训练思维品质，多样练习提升学习能力。为学生巩固语法知识提供系统支持，也为教师单元复习教学提供清晰指导。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 3 Same or Different （新教材人教版） （形容词、副词的比较级和原级） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 本单元聚焦形容词与副词的比较级和原级比较两大板块，涵盖比较级的规则与不规则变化、as…as 原级用法以及修饰比较级的常见词汇，考点梳理见下表。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一、形容词、副词的原级 原级基本用法 表示人或物自身的特征、性质或状态；或被 very、so、too、enough、quite 等修饰时，直接用原级。 The flowers are beautiful. / very tall / old enough as…as 原级比较 用“as + 原级 + as”表示“和……一样”；否定用“not as / so + 原级 + as”表示“不如……”。 He is as tall as me. / She is not so busy as before. 原级修饰语 very、quite、too、so、enough 等可直接修饰原级；enough 常置于所修饰形容词或副词之后。 too small / big enough 二、形容词、副词的比较级 规则与不规则变化 单音节词尾加 -er；不发音 e 结尾加 -r；辅音字母+y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 -er；重读闭音节双写尾辅音加 -er；多音节词前加 more。 fast→faster; happy→happier; more beautiful 不规则变化 常见词须单独记忆：good / well→better；bad / badly→worse；many / much→more；little→less；far→farther / further。 better; worse; more; less 比较级+than 两者比较用“比较级 + than”；形容词比较级前可用 a / an 表示“一个更……的”。 He is taller than me. / a bigger one 比较级修饰语与句型 much、even、far、a little、a lot、twice、rather 等可修饰比较级；“比较级+and+比较级”表示越来越……；“the+比较级…the+比较级…”表示越……越……。 much better; warmer and warmer; The harder…the more… 使用注意事项 1. 形容词、副词的原级表示自身特征或被 very、so、too、enough、quite 等修饰，as…as 表示“和……一样”，否定 not as / so…as 表示“不如”。 2. 单音节词及部分双音节词加 -er 构成比较级；以不发音 e 结尾加 -r；辅音字母+y 结尾变 y 为 i 再加 -er；重读闭音节双写尾辅音再加 -er；多音节词前加 more。 3. 不规则变化须单独记忆：good / well→better；bad / badly→worse；many / much→more；little→less；far→farther / further。 4. 两者比较用“比较级 + than”；形容词比较级前可用 a / an 表示“一个更……的”（如 a bigger one）。 5. much、even、far、a little、a lot、twice、rather 等词可修饰比较级，表示程度；very、quite 等不能修饰比较级。 6. “比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”；“The + 比较级…，the + 比较级…”表示“越……，就越……”。 一、单项选择 1．My cousin is ________ than me. She always shares her snacks with others. A．kinder B．kind C．kinds D．kindest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的表妹比我更友善，她总是和别人分享零食。由 than 可知用比较级；kind 的比较级为 kinder。故选 A。 2．The weather in Sanya is ________ than that in Beijing in winter. A．warm B．warmer C．warmest D．the warmest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：冬天三亚的天气比北京暖和。由 than 可知用比较级，warm 为单音节词，比较级加 -er 变为 warmer。故选 B。 3．Lucy is as ________ as Lily. They are both quiet girls. A．carefully B．more careful C．careful D．the most careful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：露西和莉莉一样认真，她们都是安静的女孩。as…as 之间用形容词或副词原级，修饰系动词 is 用形容词 careful。故选 C。 4．He practices every day, so he plays basketball ________ than before. A．good B．well C．best D．better 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他每天练习，所以篮球打得比以前好。由 than 可知用比较级，修饰动词 plays 用副词 well 的比较级 better。故选 D。 5．The ________ you read, the ________ you will understand the story. A．more; better B．more; well C．much; better D．most; best 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你读得越多，就会越理解这个故事。“the + 比较级…，the + 比较级…”表示“越……，越……”，read 前用 more，understand 前用 good 的比较级 better。故选 A。 6．This book is ________ less interesting than that one, so nobody wants to read it. A．very B．much C．more D．most 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这本书比那本无趣得多，所以没人想读。much 可修饰比较级 less interesting，表示“……得多”；very、more、most 不能修饰比较级。故选 B。 7．Our hometown is becoming ________ and ________ beautiful. A．much; much B．many; many C．more; more D．most; most 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的家乡正变得越来越美丽。“比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”，多音节词 beautiful 用 more and more。故选 C。 8．Which animal jumps ________, the rabbit or the frog? A．high B．highest C．the highest D．higher 【答案】D 【详解】句意：哪种动物跳得更高，兔子还是青蛙？两者比较用比较级，high 的比较级为 higher。故选 D。 9．She is not ________ outgoing ________ her sister, but she is very kind. A．as; as B．as; so C．so; as D．so; so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她不像她姐姐那样外向，但她很善良。not as / so + 原级 + as 表示“不如……”，前后一致用 as…as。故选 A。 10．Tom is two years ________ than his brother, so he is in a higher grade. A．old B．older C．oldest D．the oldest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆比他哥哥大两岁，所以他年级更高。由 than 可知用比较级，old 的比较级为 older。故选 B。 二、单句语法填空：在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Tom is ________ (tall) than any other boy in his class. 【答案】taller 【详解】句意：汤姆比班上其他任何男孩都高。由 than 可知用比较级，tall 为单音节词，比较级加 -er 变为 taller。 2．This dictionary is much ________ (useful) than that one. 【答案】more useful 【详解】句意：这本词典比那本有用得多。多音节形容词 useful 的比较级为 more useful；much 修饰比较级。 3．She is as ________ (careful) as her brother in doing the work. 【答案】careful 【详解】句意：她做这项工作时和哥哥一样认真。as…as 之间用形容词原级，careful 用原级。 4．My schoolbag is a little ________ (heavy) than yours. 【答案】heavier 【详解】句意：我的书包比你的重一点。由 than 可知用比较级，heavy 为辅音字母+y 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 -er，即 heavier。 5．The ________ (much) you practice, the better you will become. 【答案】more 【详解】句意：你练习得越多，就会变得越好。“the + 比较级…，the + 比较级…”中 much 的比较级为 more。 6．This math problem is ________ (difficult) than I thought. 【答案】more difficult 【详解】句意：这道数学题比我想象的更难。多音节形容词 difficult 的比较级为 more difficult。 7．She is a little ________ (thin) than she was last year. 【答案】thinner 【详解】句意：她比去年瘦了一点。由 than 可知用比较级，thin 为重读闭音节结尾，双写 n 再加 -er，即 thinner。 8．He runs ________ (fast) than any other student in Grade 8. 【答案】faster 【详解】句意：他比八年级其他任何学生跑得都快。由 than 可知用比较级，fast 的比较级为 faster。 9．Which is ________ (far) from here, the bank or the post office? 【答案】farther 【详解】句意：银行还是邮局，哪个离这儿更远？两者比较用比较级，far 表示距离的比较级为 farther。 10．Our new library is ________ (beautiful) than their old one. 【答案】more beautiful 【详解】句意：我们的新图书馆比他们的旧馆更漂亮。多音节形容词 beautiful 的比较级为 more beautiful。 三、按要求完成句子 1．你练习得越多，你就会变得越好。 ________ ________ you practice, the ________ you will become. 【答案】The; more; better 【详解】句意：你练习得越多，你就会变得越好。“the + 比较级…，the + 比较级…”表示“越……，就越……”，practice 前用 The more，become 后接 good 的比较级 better。 2．露西不像莉莉那么有趣，但她比别人听得更好。 Lucy is not as ________ as Lily, but she listens ________ than others. 【答案】funny; better 【详解】句意：露西不像莉莉那么有趣，但她比别人听得更好。not as / so + 原级 + as 表示“不如……”；listen 是动词，修饰动词用副词 well 的比较级 better。 3．这本故事书比那本有趣得多。 This storybook is ________ ________ interesting than that one. 【答案】much; more 【详解】句意：这本故事书比那本有趣得多。多音节形容词 interesting 的比较级为 more interesting；much 可修饰比较级，表示“……得多”。 4．艾拉跳舞比艾玛好。 Ella dances ________ ________ Emma. 【答案】better; than 【详解】句意：艾拉跳舞比艾玛好。修饰动词 dances 用副词 well 的比较级 better；两者比较用 than 连接。 5．在老师的帮助下，我们批改作业比以前快多了。 With the teacher's help, we grade homework ________ ________ than before. 【答案】much; faster 【详解】句意：在老师的帮助下，我们批改作业比以前快多了。fast 的比较级为 faster；much 修饰比较级表示程度“……得多”。 6．他和他哥哥一样高。 He is ________ ________ ________ his brother. 【答案】as; tall; as 【详解】句意：他和他哥哥一样高。as + 形容词原级 + as 表示“和……一样”，tall 用原级。 7．我们的城市正变得越来越美丽。 Our city is becoming ________ and ________. 【答案】more; more 【详解】句意：我们的城市正变得越来越美丽。“比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”，多音节词 beautiful 用 more and more。 8．莉莉比我认识的任何人都更有趣。 Lily is ________ than ________ else I know. 【答案】funnier; anyone 【详解】句意：莉莉比我认识的任何人都更有趣。funny 以辅音字母+y 结尾，比较级变 y 为 i 加 -er，即 funnier；anyone else 表示“其他任何人”。 9．他跑得越来越快。 He runs ________ and ________. 【答案】faster; faster 【详解】句意：他跑得越来越快。“比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”，fast 的比较级为 faster。 10．这台电脑比那台贵得多。 This computer is ________ ________ expensive than that one. 【答案】much; more 【详解】句意：这台电脑比那台贵得多。expensive 是多音节词，比较级为 more expensive；much 修饰比较级表示“……得多”。 四、语法选择 Passage 1 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 My two best friends Tina and Bella are different in some ways. Tina is very tall and likes music. She’s good at 1 . Her classmates and I like to listen to her songs. Bella is 2 shorter and likes nothing about music. She always says she 3 understand why Tina likes it. But they also have something in common. First, they are smart. Tina is very hard-working and does 4 good job in a hospital. Bella, 5 , is thinking about going on learning abroad. She wants to know how the teachers teach in a foreign country. Second, they are helpful. Tina 6 always there for me when I have ups and downs in my life. Bella also cares about me a lot. She often helps me 7 my problems or just listens to me. I would like to say they both give me a lot of help in 8 special ways. Lastly, they are quite funny. Tina knows how to make me laugh when I feel 9 . Bella also does the same. She knows how to make herself and everybody around happy. So we all like her. 10 kind girl! 1. A．to sing B．singing C．sing 2. A．a little B．little C．a few 3. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t 4. A．an B．a C．the 5. A．so B．however C．because 6. A．was B．were C．is 7. A．with B．on C．in 8. A．them B．they C．their 9. A．unhappy B．unhappily C．unhappiness 10. A．What a B．How a C．How 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. A 【导语】文章介绍了作者两位好朋友Tina和Bella的不同与共同点，她们虽性格各异，但都给作者带来了帮助和快乐。 【详解】1. 句意：她擅长唱歌。 根据“be good at doing sth.”（擅长做某事），可知介词at后接动名词，应填singing“唱歌”。to sing“去唱”不定式不符；sing“唱”动词原形不符。 2. 句意：Bella个子矮一点，而且对音乐毫无兴趣。 根据“shorter”是比较级，可知需用a little“一点”修饰。little“几乎没有”表否定；a few“几个”修饰可数名词复数。 3. 句意：她总说她不能理解为什么Tina喜欢它。 根据语境她不喜欢音乐，可知是不能理解，应填can’t“不能”。mustn’t“禁止”；shouldn’t“不应该”表建议，均不符。 4. 句意：Tina非常勤奋，在医院工作表现很好。 根据固定搭配“do a good job”，且good以辅音音素开头，应填a“一个（辅音）”。an“一个”用于元音前；the“这个”表特指。 5. 句意：然而，Bella正在考虑继续在国外学习。 根据前后句意对比，表转折关系，且作插入语，应填however“然而”。so“所以”表因果；because“因为”表原因。 6. 句意：当我生活中遇到顺境与逆境时，Tina总是在那里支持我。 根据全文一般现在时及主语“Tina”是第三人称单数，应填is“是”。was“是”；were“是”时态不符。 7. 句意：她经常帮我解决问题或者只是倾听我说话。 根据固定搭配：help sb. with sth.“帮助某人某事”，应填with“在……方面”。on“在……上”；in“在……里”介词搭配错误。 8. 句意：我想说她们都以她们特殊的方式给我帮助。 根据修饰名词“ways”，可知需用形容词性物主代词，应填their“她们的”。them“她们（宾格）”；they“她们（主格）”词性不符。 9. 句意：当我感到不开心时，Tina知道如何让我大笑。 根据“feel”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，应填unhappy“不开心的”。unhappily“不开心地”，对应副词；unhappiness“不开心，是名词，均不符。 10. 句意：多么善良的一个女孩啊！ 根据中心词“girl”是名词，结构为：What + a/an + adj + n!，应填What a“多么……的一个”，How a结构错误；how后接形容词。 Passage 2 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，将其字母编号填写在题号前的空格里。 My name is Jason. I’m 1 happy boy. At school, I have 2 friends. There are six people in my family—my mother, my father, my sister, my two brothers and me. They love 3 very much. I like to go to school 4 my teachers and classmates are all very nice. I am good 5 most of my school subjects, and of all the subjects, I like history best. 6 do I like studying history so much? Because history is about the stories in the past. David is one of my best friends. Our birthdays are both on March 10th. We have similar tastes. I like black and he 7 black, too. Both of us like 8 soccer. In fact, he plays soccer 9 than I do. We often play soccer after school. We are also different in some ways. I like apples, 10 he doesn’t like them. He does well in math. I do well in English. 1. A．a B．an C．the 2. A．few B．much C．many 3. A．I B．me C．my 4. A．so B．if C．because 5. A．in B．at C．on 6. A．Why B．What C．How 7. A．like B．likes C．will like 8. A．play B．played C．playing 9. A．better B．best C．well 10. A．but B．or C．and 【答案】 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. A 【导语】本文是Jason的自我介绍，介绍了他的家庭、学校生活、喜欢的科目等相关信息。 【详解】1. 句意：我是一个快乐的男孩。 此处缺少冠词，happy以辅音音素开头，表示泛指，应使用不定冠词a（一个）。an（一个）用于以元音音素开头的单词前，the表特指。 2. 句意：我在学校有很多朋友。 friends为可数名词复数，且本句为肯定句，应使用many（许多）修饰。few（很少）表否定，much（很多）修饰不可数名词。 3. 句意：他们非常爱我。 love是动词，后接人称代词宾格形式，me符合。I是主格形式，my是形容词性物主代词。 4. 句意：我喜欢上学，因为老师和同学都很好。 前句和后句为因果关系，且后句解释原因，应使用连词because（因为）。so（所以）表结果，if（如果）表条件。 5. 句意：我擅长大部分科目。 be good at为固定搭配，表示“擅长”，应使用介词at。in（在……里）和on（在……上）均搭配不当。 6. 句意：我为什么这么喜欢历史？ 根据答语Because可知，这里是问原因，应使用疑问词Why。What（什么），用于询问事物；How（怎样），用于询问方式。 7. 句意：我喜欢黑色，他也喜欢黑色。 主语he是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词应使用三单形式likes。like为原形，will like是一般将来时。 8. 句意：我们都喜欢踢足球。 like doing sth表示“喜欢做某事”，应使用动名词形式playing。play为原形，played为过去式。 9. 句意：他踢足球踢得比我好。 根据than可知，此处应使用比较级，better符合。best是最高级，well是原级。 10. 句意：我喜欢苹果，但他不喜欢它们。 前句和后句为转折关系，应使用连词but（但是）。or（或者）表选择，and（和）表并列。 Passage 3 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题三个选项中选出一个最佳的答案，并将答题卡对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 My mother once told me that a good friend is like 1 mirror. I’m quieter and more serious than most 2 . That’s why I enjoy 3 and study hard in class. My friend Yuan Li is similar 4 me, and we like to study together. However, I also believe that friends don’t have to be the same. Larry, for example, is taller, 5 , and better at tennis than me. But he helps to bring out the best in me, and I help 6 with his studies. Carol, my other friend, is 7 kind and funny. When I 8 my arm last year, she made me laugh and feel better. I don’t care 9 my friends are the same or different. What matters is that a true friend is always there for you, just as the saying 10 : “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” 1. A．a B．an C．the 2. A．kid B．kid’s C．kids 3. A．read B．reading C．to read 4. A．to B．as C．for 5. A．outgoing B．more outgoing C．the most outgoing 6. A．he B．him C．himself 7. A．real B．realize C．really 8. A．break B．broke C．am breaking 9. A．if B．why C．how 10. A．go B．went C．goes 【答案】 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C 【导语】本文主要讲述作者对朋友是否应相同的看法，通过几位朋友的例子，说明真正的朋友无论相似与否都很重要，友谊贵在真心。 【详解】1. 句意：我母亲曾告诉我，好朋友就像一面镜子。 根据“mirror”是以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词且表泛指，应填a。an用于元音前，the表特指，均不符合语境。 2. 句意：我比大多数孩子更安静且更严肃。 “most”后接复数名词表示“大多数……”，应填kids。kid为单数，kid’s为所有格，均不符合语法。 3. 句意：这就是我喜欢阅读并在课上努力学习的原因。 “enjoy doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，应填reading。read和to read形式错误，不符合搭配。 4. 句意：我的朋友袁立和我相似，并且我们喜欢一起学习。 “be similar to”为固定搭配，意为“与⋯⋯相似”，应填to。as和for无法构成该固定短语，搭配不当。 5. 句意：例如，拉里更高、更外向且更擅长网球。 根据“taller...and better”可知，此处需用形容词比较级构成并列结构，outgoing是多音节形容词加more构成形容词比较级，应用more outgoing。outgoing是形容词原级、the most outgoing是形容词最高级均不符，无法构成并列。 6. 句意：但他帮助我发挥出最好的一面，而我也帮助他学习。 动词“help”后接人称代词宾格作宾语，应填him。he为主格不能作宾语，himself意为“他自己”，语意不符。 7. 句意：我的另一个朋友卡罗尔真的很善良且有趣。 修饰形容词“kind and funny”需用副词，应填really。real是形容词，词性错误；realize“意识到”词义不符，并且不能修饰形容词。 8. 句意：去年我摔断了胳膊，她让我笑也让我感觉好些了。 根据时间状语“last year”可知，需用一般过去时，应填broke。break是动词原形和am breaking是现在进行时，时态错误，不符合时间状语。 9. 句意：我不在乎我的朋友是否相同或不同。 根据“or”及语境可知，表示选择关系“是否”，应填if。why和how无法与or构成“是否⋯⋯还是⋯⋯”的选择含义。 10. 重要的是，真正的朋友永远会站在你身边，正如俗话所说：“真朋友伸手握住你的手，触碰你的心。” “the saying”是单数主语且谚语引用通常用一般现在时，应填goes。go动词原形和went动词过去式，形式错误，不符合主谓一致。 五、短文填空 Passage 4 I have two good friends. They are Anna and Grace. Anna is two years younger than Grace. Anna looks similar to 1 (I). Both of us have long hair. But her hair is 2 (long) than mine. We have many friends at school 3 we are both outgoing. Anna is 4 (funny) than me. She often tells me some funny stories 5 (make) me laugh. But to tell the truth, I am lazier than Anna.    Grace is different 6 me. She is shorter than me. She is good at 7 (play) basketball. Grace has more hobbies than me. For example, she likes to play 8 Chinese flute. She also likes to take part in music festivals, so she often 9 (perform) well in front of people. All of us 10 (real) care about each other. I believe we will be good friends forever. 【答案】 1. me 2. longer 3. because 4. funnier 5. to make 6. from 7. playing 8. the 9. performs 10. really 【导语】本文作者介绍了自己的两位好友安娜和格蕾丝，分别阐述了两人与自己的异同点以及各自的兴趣爱好，表达了三人珍视彼此友谊的情感。 【详解】1. 句意：安娜看起来和我很像。I是人称代词的主格，意为“我”。空格前为介词to，介词后需接人称代词的宾格形式作宾语，I对应的宾格为me。 2. 句意：但是她的头发比我的更长。long是形容词，意为“长的”，句中出现比较级标志词than，说明此处需用形容词的比较级形式，long的比较级为longer。 3. 句意：我们在学校有很多朋友，因为我们两个人都很外向。分析前后句逻辑，后半句“我们两个人都很外向”是前半句“我们在学校有很多朋友”的原因，前后为因果关系，需填入表示原因的连词，because符合语义和语法要求。 4. 句意：安娜比我更有趣。funny是形容词，意为“有趣的”。句中出现比较级标志词than，说明此处需用形容词的比较级形式，funny以辅音字母加y结尾，变比较级需改y为i加er，即funnier。 5. 句意：她经常给我讲一些有趣的故事来逗我笑。make是动词，意为“使，让”，分析句子结构，“她经常给我讲有趣的故事”的目的是“让我笑”，需用动词不定式作目的状语，因此填to make。 6. 句意：格蕾丝和我不同。固定搭配be different from意为“和……不同”，需填入介词from。 7. 句意：她擅长打篮球。play是动词，意为“玩”，空格前为固定搭配be good at，其中at是介词，介词后接动词时需用动名词形式，play的动名词为playing。 8. 句意：比如，她喜欢吹中国笛子。固定搭配：play the+乐器，表示演奏某种乐器时，乐器前需加定冠词the。 9. 句意：她也喜欢参加音乐节，所以她经常在人们面前表现出色。perform是动词，意为“表演，表现”。全文时态为一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，perform的第三人称单数为performs。 10. 句意：我们所有人都很在乎彼此。real是形容词，意为“真实的，真的”。空格处修饰后面的动词短语care about，修饰动词需用副词，real的副词形式为really。 Passage 5 请认真阅读下面短文，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Friends are always important to me. And one friend, Clare, is special to me. We met each other twenty years ago when we 1 (teach) in the same school. As soon as she introduced 2 (she), I knew we would be friends. It was clear that we had a lot in common, and after a few months, we decided to share a flat so that we could spend 3 (much) time together than before. What makes her such 4 good friend? Well, she is 5 (humour), generous (慷慨的), and kind-hearted. I can honestly say that in all these years we seldom argued (争论). And when we argued, we made up (和好) very 6 (quick). We could spend hours together just 7 (talk) about the funny things. Unluckily, I had to move away 8 I found a new teaching job in another country. I was worried that we might lose touch (失去联系) as we would not be in the same country. Thanks to the internet, we send messages (消息) or 9 (make) video calls to each other almost every day. I can’t imagine my life without Clare. Having a friend like her is one of the 10 (lucky) things in my life. 【答案】 1. were teaching 2. herself 3. more 4. a 5. humorous 6. quickly 7. talking 8. because 9. make 10. luckiest 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者与好友Clare相识相知的经历，介绍好友的性格特点，虽然后来作者远赴国外工作，但依靠网络二人依旧保持联系，表达这份友谊对作者而言十分珍贵。 【详解】1. 句意：二十年前我们在同一所学校教书时认识了彼此。时间状语“twenty years ago”以及“met”提示为过去时间，when引导的时间状语从句，主句动作发生时从句动作正在进行，用过去进行时，主语we，be动词用were。故填were teaching。 2. 句意：她一自我介绍，我就知道我们会成为朋友。introduce oneself意为“自我介绍”，主语she，其反身代词用herself。故填herself。 3. 句意：很明显我们有很多共同点，几个月之后，我们决定合租公寓，这样我们就能比以前拥有更多相处的时间。句中有“than before”，表示比较，much要变为比较级more。故填more。 4. 句意：是什么让她成为这么好的一个朋友？such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数，good以辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。 5. 句意：她幽默、慷慨并且心地善良。并列形容词“generous、kind-hearted”作表语，humour需要变为形容词“humorous”。故填humorous。 6. 句意：当我们争吵的时候，我们很快就和好。空格修饰动词短语made up，要用副词形式，quick变为quickly。故填quickly。 7. 句意：我们可以一起花好几个小时聊有趣的事情。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.，意为“花费时间做某事”，动词用动名词，talk的动名词形式为talking。故填talking。 8. 句意：不幸的是，因为我在另一个国家找到了一份新的教学工作，所以我不得不搬走。前后句是因果关系，后面是原因，用because。故填because。 9. 句意：多亏互联网，我们几乎每天互相发消息或者打视频电话。or连接并列谓语，和send保持形式一致，使用动词原形。故填make。 10. 句意：拥有像她这样的朋友，是我一生中最幸运的事情之一。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，lucky的最高级形式为luckiest。故填luckiest。 Passage 6 Growing and Changing Everyone changes as time goes by. How are you different from what you used to be? When I was in Grade Seven, I was much 1 (shy). I was afraid 2 speaking in front of the whole class. My personality was quiet and I had fewer friends. Now I am in Grade Eight. I am 3 (confident) than one year ago. I take part 4 more group activities. I learn that being different is not bad. The more we accept ourselves, the 5 (happy) we will become. My PE skills also change a lot. I cannot run as 6 (fast) as the top runners, but I run 7 (well) than I did before. Besides 8 (play) sports, I spend my spare time reading novels. We cannot always be the same person. We should compare 9 (we) with our old selves, not only other people. Our differences make each of us 10 (specially). 【答案】 1. shyer/shier 2. of 3. more confident 4. in 5. happier 6. fast 7. better 8. playing 9. ourselves 10. special 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从七年级到八年级在性格、社交能力及体育技能等方面的成长变化，强调了自我接纳与进步的重要性。 【详解】1. 句意：当我七年级时，我害羞得多。根据“much”和语境（与现在对比），应用比较级，shy的比较级为shyer或shier。 2. 句意：我害怕在全班面前发言。“be afraid of”为固定搭配，意为“害怕……”，介词用of。 3. 句意：我比一年前更自信了。句中“than”提示应填比较级，confident的比较级为more confident。 4. 句意：我参加更多的小组活动。“take part in”为固定搭配，意为“参加”。 5. 句意：我们越接纳自己，就会变得越快乐。“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……就越……”，happy的比较级为happier。 6. 句意：我跑得不如顶尖选手快，但我比以前跑得更好了。“as...as”中间用形容词或副词原级，fast是副词，用原级。 7. 句意：我跑得不如顶尖选手快，但我比以前跑得更好了。句中“than”提示应填比较级，well的比较级为better。 8. 句意：除了做运动，我还用空闲时间读小说。“besides”为介词，后接动名词作宾语，play的动名词为playing。 9. 句意：我们应该将自己与过去的自己比较，而不仅仅与他人比较。空处作动词“compare”的宾语，且表示“我们自己”，应用反身代词ourselves。 10. 句意：我们的差异使我们每个人变得特别。空处作宾语补足语，表示“特别的”，应用形容词special。 六、选词填空 Passage 7 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 but, different, sing, both, old, share, attend, like, because, photo, say, in My good friend Laura is my cousin. She is one year 1 than me. I’m fourteen years old, so she is fifteen now. She lives in Bristol. She is more hard-working than me and she usually gets the best grades in the tests. We 2 like reading and swimming. Though we have something in common, we have some 3 . For example, she is more outgoing and likes telling jokes. She also likes singing and she practices it every day, so she is good at 4 . She often sings in shows and I watch her sing many times. We talk about everything together and always 5 our happiness and sadness with each other. My favourite 6 is “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart”. Laura is a friend 7 this. Laura is very busy 8 she also studies photography (摄影) in her spare time. She takes a lot of wonderful 9 . Last year, she 10 the city photo competition and won first prize. I am lucky to have such a good friend. 【答案】 1. older 2. both 3. differences 4. singing 5. share 6. saying 7. like 8. because 9. photos 10. attended 【分析】本文介绍了作者的表姐兼好友Laura，讲述两人的相同爱好与不同之处，介绍Laura的特长与获奖经历，表达拥有挚友的幸运。 【详解】1. 句意：她比我大一岁。句中有than提示要用比较级，old表示“年老的，年龄大的”，than引导比较状语，因此填older。 2. 句意：我们两个都喜欢阅读和游泳。结合后文两人拥有共同爱好，both表示“两者都”，放在主语We之后，契合两人都有爱好的语境，因此填both。 3. 句意：虽然我们有共同点，但我们有一些不同之处。some后接可数名词复数，different表示“不同的”，其名词复数形式differences表示“差异，不同点”，契合我们存在差别的语境，因此填differences。 4. 句意：她也喜欢唱歌并且每天练习，所以她擅长唱歌。固定搭配be good at doing sth.表示“擅长做某事”，介词at后面需要动名词，sing表示“唱歌”，变动名词singing，契合她擅长歌唱的语境，因此填singing。 5. 句意：我们一起谈论所有事情，总是互相分享喜怒哀乐。根据“with each other”和“happiness and sadness”可知，是彼此分享情绪，share sth. with sb.表示“和某人分享某物”，主语为We，用动词原形share，契合语境，因此填share。 6. 句意：我最喜欢的格言是“真正的朋友会紧握你的手，触动你的心”。根据引号内的名言可知这是一句格言，say表示“说”，saying名词表示“谚语、格言”，契合引用名言的语境，因此填saying。 7. 句意：Laura就是像这样的一位朋友。like此处作介词，表示“像”，用来描述朋友的特质，契合Laura符合这句格言描述的语境，因此填like。 8. 句意：Laura非常忙碌，因为她在空闲时间还学习摄影。后半句用来解释她忙碌的原因，because表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句，契合因果逻辑，因此填because。 9. 句意：她拍摄了许多精彩的照片。a lot of后接可数名词复数，photo表示“照片”，复数形式为photos，契合学习摄影会拍摄很多照片的语境，因此填photos。 10. 句意：去年，她参加城市摄影比赛并且获得一等奖。根据“Last year”可知句子为一般过去时，attend表示“参加”，过去式为attended，契合参加比赛并获奖的语境，因此填attended。 Passage 8 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 young,  they,  play,  character,  fight,  spare,  quiet,  attend,  with,  perform,  pleasure,  for Mr Miller has two sons. They are Tom and Tim. Although they are twins, their 1 are different from each other. Tom is outgoing. He always likes to share his thoughts 2 his friends and family. Sometimes he also tells jokes. After listening to 3 , his family always can’t help laughing. These jokes bring much 4 to the family. He has a lot of interests. He often sings in the morning because he wants to 5 the school singing festival. He took part in a similar one last year. He 6 very well and succeeded in winning first prize. Tim is 7 than Tom. He isn’t an outgoing child. He always likes to stay at home 8 and reads books in his room. However, he is good at playing the flute. When he was six years old, he began to practise 9 it. Now he often plays the flute in his 10 time and he can play it very well. He plans to take part in a flute competition (比赛) next week. He really hopes he can win a prize. So no matter what kind of child you are, you can have your own strength. 【答案】 1. characters 2. with 3. them 4. pleasure 5. attend 6. performed 7. younger 8. quietly 9. playing 10. spare 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了米勒先生的一对双胞胎儿子汤姆和蒂姆性格不同、爱好各异，但各自都有长处。 【详解】1. 句意：虽然他们是双胞胎，但他们的性格彼此不同。设空处作主语，由谓语动词are可知需用名词复数形式。character意为“性格”，复数为characters。 2. 句意：他总是喜欢与他的朋友和家人分享他的想法。固定搭配share sth. with sb. 意为“与某人分享某物”。 3. 句意：听了它们（笑话）后，他的家人总是忍不住笑。listen to后接宾格代词，指代前文的jokes，they的宾格为them。 4. 句意：这些笑话给家庭带来了很多乐趣。much修饰不可数名词，pleasure意为“乐趣”，符合语境。 5. 句意：他经常在早上唱歌，因为他想参加学校的歌唱节。want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，后接动词原形。attend意为“参加”，符合语境。 6. 句意：他表演得很好并成功获得了一等奖。根据last year可知句子为一般过去时，perform的过去式为performed。 7. 句意：蒂姆比汤姆年纪小。由than可知需用形容词比较级。虽然双胞胎性格对比常用quiet，但因quiet需用于第8题，且双胞胎也有长幼之分，故选用young的比较级younger。 8. 句意：他总是喜欢安静地待在家里，在房间里看书。修饰动词stay需用副词，quiet的副词形式为quietly。 9. 句意：当他六岁时，他开始练习吹奏它。practise doing sth.意为“练习做某事”，play的动名词为playing。 10. 句意：现在他经常在空闲时间吹笛子。固定短语in one’s spare time意为“在某人空闲时间”，spare为形容词。 1 / 17乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 3 Same or Different （新教材人教版） （形容词、副词的比较级和原级） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 本单元聚焦形容词与副词的比较级和原级比较两大板块，涵盖比较级的规则与不规则变化、as…as 原级用法以及修饰比较级的常见词汇，考点梳理见下表。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一、形容词、副词的原级 原级基本用法 表示人或物自身的特征、性质或状态；或被 very、so、too、enough、quite 等修饰时，直接用原级。 The flowers are beautiful. / very tall / old enough as…as 原级比较 用“as + 原级 + as”表示“和……一样”；否定用“not as / so + 原级 + as”表示“不如……”。 He is as tall as me. / She is not so busy as before. 原级修饰语 very、quite、too、so、enough 等可直接修饰原级；enough 常置于所修饰形容词或副词之后。 too small / big enough 二、形容词、副词的比较级 规则与不规则变化 单音节词尾加 -er；不发音 e 结尾加 -r；辅音字母+y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 -er；重读闭音节双写尾辅音加 -er；多音节词前加 more。 fast→faster; happy→happier; more beautiful 不规则变化 常见词须单独记忆：good / well→better；bad / badly→worse；many / much→more；little→less；far→farther / further。 better; worse; more; less 比较级+than 两者比较用“比较级 + than”；形容词比较级前可用 a / an 表示“一个更……的”。 He is taller than me. / a bigger one 比较级修饰语与句型 much、even、far、a little、a lot、twice、rather 等可修饰比较级；“比较级+and+比较级”表示越来越……；“the+比较级…the+比较级…”表示越……越……。 much better; warmer and warmer; The harder…the more… 使用注意事项 1. 形容词、副词的原级表示自身特征或被 very、so、too、enough、quite 等修饰，as…as 表示“和……一样”，否定 not as / so…as 表示“不如”。 2. 单音节词及部分双音节词加 -er 构成比较级；以不发音 e 结尾加 -r；辅音字母+y 结尾变 y 为 i 再加 -er；重读闭音节双写尾辅音再加 -er；多音节词前加 more。 3. 不规则变化须单独记忆：good / well→better；bad / badly→worse；many / much→more；little→less；far→farther / further。 4. 两者比较用“比较级 + than”；形容词比较级前可用 a / an 表示“一个更……的”（如 a bigger one）。 5. much、even、far、a little、a lot、twice、rather 等词可修饰比较级，表示程度；very、quite 等不能修饰比较级。 6. “比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”；“The + 比较级…，the + 比较级…”表示“越……，就越……”。 一、单项选择 1．My cousin is ________ than me. She always shares her snacks with others. A．kinder B．kind C．kinds D．kindest 2．The weather in Sanya is ________ than that in Beijing in winter. A．warm B．warmer C．warmest D．the warmest 3．Lucy is as ________ as Lily. They are both quiet girls. A．carefully B．more careful C．careful D．the most careful 4．He practices every day, so he plays basketball ________ than before. A．good B．well C．best D．better 5．The ________ you read, the ________ you will understand the story. A．more; better B．more; well C．much; better D．most; best 6．This book is ________ less interesting than that one, so nobody wants to read it. A．very B．much C．more D．most 7．Our hometown is becoming ________ and ________ beautiful. A．much; much B．many; many C．more; more D．most; most 8．Which animal jumps ________, the rabbit or the frog? A．high B．highest C．the highest D．higher 9．She is not ________ outgoing ________ her sister, but she is very kind. A．as; as B．as; so C．so; as D．so; so 10．Tom is two years ________ than his brother, so he is in a higher grade. A．old B．older C．oldest D．the oldest 二、单句语法填空：在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Tom is ________ (tall) than any other boy in his class. 2．This dictionary is much ________ (useful) than that one. 3．She is as ________ (careful) as her brother in doing the work. 4．My schoolbag is a little ________ (heavy) than yours. 5．The ________ (much) you practice, the better you will become. 6．This math problem is ________ (difficult) than I thought. 7．She is a little ________ (thin) than she was last year. 8．He runs ________ (fast) than any other student in Grade 8. 9．Which is ________ (far) from here, the bank or the post office? 10．Our new library is ________ (beautiful) than their old one. 三、按要求完成句子 1．你练习得越多，你就会变得越好。 ________ ________ you practice, the ________ you will become. 2．露西不像莉莉那么有趣，但她比别人听得更好。 Lucy is not as ________ as Lily, but she listens ________ than others. 3．这本故事书比那本有趣得多。 This storybook is ________ ________ interesting than that one. 4．艾拉跳舞比艾玛好。 Ella dances ________ ________ Emma. 5．在老师的帮助下，我们批改作业比以前快多了。 With the teacher's help, we grade homework ________ ________ than before. 6．他和他哥哥一样高。 He is ________ ________ ________ his brother. 7．我们的城市正变得越来越美丽。 Our city is becoming ________ and ________. 8．莉莉比我认识的任何人都更有趣。 Lily is ________ than ________ else I know. 9．他跑得越来越快。 He runs ________ and ________. 10．这台电脑比那台贵得多。 This computer is ________ ________ expensive than that one. 四、语法选择 Passage 1 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 My two best friends Tina and Bella are different in some ways. Tina is very tall and likes music. She’s good at 1 . Her classmates and I like to listen to her songs. Bella is 2 shorter and likes nothing about music. She always says she 3 understand why Tina likes it. But they also have something in common. First, they are smart. Tina is very hard-working and does 4 good job in a hospital. Bella, 5 , is thinking about going on learning abroad. She wants to know how the teachers teach in a foreign country. Second, they are helpful. Tina 6 always there for me when I have ups and downs in my life. Bella also cares about me a lot. She often helps me 7 my problems or just listens to me. I would like to say they both give me a lot of help in 8 special ways. Lastly, they are quite funny. Tina knows how to make me laugh when I feel 9 . Bella also does the same. She knows how to make herself and everybody around happy. So we all like her. 10 kind girl! 1. A．to sing B．singing C．sing 2. A．a little B．little C．a few 3. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t 4. A．an B．a C．the 5. A．so B．however C．because 6. A．was B．were C．is 7. A．with B．on C．in 8. A．them B．they C．their 9. A．unhappy B．unhappily C．unhappiness 10. A．What a B．How a C．How Passage 2 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，将其字母编号填写在题号前的空格里。 My name is Jason. I’m 1 happy boy. At school, I have 2 friends. There are six people in my family—my mother, my father, my sister, my two brothers and me. They love 3 very much. I like to go to school 4 my teachers and classmates are all very nice. I am good 5 most of my school subjects, and of all the subjects, I like history best. 6 do I like studying history so much? Because history is about the stories in the past. David is one of my best friends. Our birthdays are both on March 10th. We have similar tastes. I like black and he 7 black, too. Both of us like 8 soccer. In fact, he plays soccer 9 than I do. We often play soccer after school. We are also different in some ways. I like apples, 10 he doesn’t like them. He does well in math. I do well in English. 1. A．a B．an C．the 2. A．few B．much C．many 3. A．I B．me C．my 4. A．so B．if C．because 5. A．in B．at C．on 6. A．Why B．What C．How 7. A．like B．likes C．will like 8. A．play B．played C．playing 9. A．better B．best C．well 10. A．but B．or C．and Passage 3 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题三个选项中选出一个最佳的答案，并将答题卡对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 My mother once told me that a good friend is like 1 mirror. I’m quieter and more serious than most 2 . That’s why I enjoy 3 and study hard in class. My friend Yuan Li is similar 4 me, and we like to study together. However, I also believe that friends don’t have to be the same. Larry, for example, is taller, 5 , and better at tennis than me. But he helps to bring out the best in me, and I help 6 with his studies. Carol, my other friend, is 7 kind and funny. When I 8 my arm last year, she made me laugh and feel better. I don’t care 9 my friends are the same or different. What matters is that a true friend is always there for you, just as the saying 10 : “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” 1. A．a B．an C．the 2. A．kid B．kid’s C．kids 3. A．read B．reading C．to read 4. A．to B．as C．for 5. A．outgoing B．more outgoing C．the most outgoing 6. A．he B．him C．himself 7. A．real B．realize C．really 8. A．break B．broke C．am breaking 9. A．if B．why C．how 10. A．go B．went C．goes 五、短文填空 Passage 4 I have two good friends. They are Anna and Grace. Anna is two years younger than Grace. Anna looks similar to 1 (I). Both of us have long hair. But her hair is 2 (long) than mine. We have many friends at school 3 we are both outgoing. Anna is 4 (funny) than me. She often tells me some funny stories 5 (make) me laugh. But to tell the truth, I am lazier than Anna.    Grace is different 6 me. She is shorter than me. She is good at 7 (play) basketball. Grace has more hobbies than me. For example, she likes to play 8 Chinese flute. She also likes to take part in music festivals, so she often 9 (perform) well in front of people. All of us 10 (real) care about each other. I believe we will be good friends forever. Passage 5 请认真阅读下面短文，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Friends are always important to me. And one friend, Clare, is special to me. We met each other twenty years ago when we 1 (teach) in the same school. As soon as she introduced 2 (she), I knew we would be friends. It was clear that we had a lot in common, and after a few months, we decided to share a flat so that we could spend 3 (much) time together than before. What makes her such 4 good friend? Well, she is 5 (humour), generous (慷慨的), and kind-hearted. I can honestly say that in all these years we seldom argued (争论). And when we argued, we made up (和好) very 6 (quick). We could spend hours together just 7 (talk) about the funny things. Unluckily, I had to move away 8 I found a new teaching job in another country. I was worried that we might lose touch (失去联系) as we would not be in the same country. Thanks to the internet, we send messages (消息) or 9 (make) video calls to each other almost every day. I can’t imagine my life without Clare. Having a friend like her is one of the 10 (lucky) things in my life. Passage 6 Growing and Changing Everyone changes as time goes by. How are you different from what you used to be? When I was in Grade Seven, I was much 1 (shy). I was afraid 2 speaking in front of the whole class. My personality was quiet and I had fewer friends. Now I am in Grade Eight. I am 3 (confident) than one year ago. I take part 4 more group activities. I learn that being different is not bad. The more we accept ourselves, the 5 (happy) we will become. My PE skills also change a lot. I cannot run as 6 (fast) as the top runners, but I run 7 (well) than I did before. Besides 8 (play) sports, I spend my spare time reading novels. We cannot always be the same person. We should compare 9 (we) with our old selves, not only other people. Our differences make each of us 10 (specially). 六、选词填空 Passage 7 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 but, different, sing, both, old, share, attend, like, because, photo, say, in My good friend Laura is my cousin. She is one year 1 than me. I’m fourteen years old, so she is fifteen now. She lives in Bristol. She is more hard-working than me and she usually gets the best grades in the tests. We 2 like reading and swimming. Though we have something in common, we have some 3 . For example, she is more outgoing and likes telling jokes. She also likes singing and she practices it every day, so she is good at 4 . She often sings in shows and I watch her sing many times. We talk about everything together and always 5 our happiness and sadness with each other. My favourite 6 is “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart”. Laura is a friend 7 this. Laura is very busy 8 she also studies photography (摄影) in her spare time. She takes a lot of wonderful 9 . Last year, she 10 the city photo competition and won first prize. I am lucky to have such a good friend. Passage 8 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 young,  they,  play,  character,  fight,  spare,  quiet,  attend,  with,  perform,  pleasure,  for Mr Miller has two sons. They are Tom and Tim. Although they are twins, their 1 are different from each other. Tom is outgoing. He always likes to share his thoughts 2 his friends and family. Sometimes he also tells jokes. After listening to 3 , his family always can’t help laughing. These jokes bring much 4 to the family. He has a lot of interests. He often sings in the morning because he wants to 5 the school singing festival. He took part in a similar one last year. He 6 very well and succeeded in winning first prize. Tim is 7 than Tom. He isn’t an outgoing child. He always likes to stay at home 8 and reads books in his room. However, he is good at playing the flute. When he was six years old, he began to practise 9 it. Now he often plays the flute in his 10 time and he can play it very well. He plans to take part in a flute competition (比赛) next week. He really hopes he can win a prize. So no matter what kind of child you are, you can have your own strength. 8 / 8乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $