Unit 1 Friendship（02语法巩固）（词汇语法复习）2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了八年级上册Unit 1 Friendship的核心语法，涵盖形容词比较级和最高级（含用法、变化规则、核心句型）及后缀-ful与-less构词法（含用法、高频词汇）两大知识范畴，构建了“要点回顾（锁定基础）+能力提升（深度优化）”的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类细化（如比较级变化规则分6类详解，构词法配care/help等高频词汇实例）和分级练习（从单选、单词拼写到短文填空）呈现知识体系，突出实用性设计，如比较级句型公式化标注、构词法褒贬义对比记忆，助力学生提升语言能力和思维品质，既方便学生自主复习扫清盲区，也为教师教学提供精准内容支持。

2026-2027学年上学期八年级英语单元词汇与语法巩固(译林版2024) Unit 1 Friendship语法巩固 目录 第一部分 要点回顾锁定基础 高效复习 第二部分 能力提升深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 要点回顾 单元核心语法 要点一：形容词比较级和最高级 1. 核心用法 形容词比较级用于两者之间的人或事物对比，常搭配than使用；形容词最高级用于三者及以上的人或事物对比，前面必须加定冠词the，常搭配范围状语（in/of...）使用。 2. 变化规则 （1）单音节/部分双音节短形容词（常规变化）：直接加er（比较级）、est（最高级） 例：long（长的）→ longer → longest My hair is longer than yours. 我的头发比你的长。 This is the longest ruler in my pencil-box. 这是我文具盒里最长的尺子。 （2）以不发音字母e结尾的短形容词：直接加r（比较级）、st（最高级） 例：nice（美好的）→ nicer → nicest This story is nicer than that one. 这个故事比那个更精彩。 It’s the nicest day of this week. 这是本周天气最好的一天。 （3）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词：变y为i，加er/est 例：tidy（整洁的）→ tidier → tidiest Her room is tidier than mine. 她的房间比我的整洁。 This is the tidiest classroom in our grade. 这是我们年级最整洁的教室。 （4）以“重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）”结尾的短形容词：双写末尾辅音字母，再加er/est 例：slim（苗条的）→ slimmer → slimmest；big（大的）→ bigger → biggest Betty is slimmer than her sister. 贝蒂比她的姐姐更苗条。 This box is the biggest one of all. 这个盒子是所有里面最大的。 （5）多音节及部分双音节长形容词（3个及以上音节）：前面加more（比较级）、most（最高级），单词本身不变 例：interesting（有趣的）→ more interesting → most interesting This book is more interesting than that one. 这本书比那本书更有趣。 It’s the most interesting story I have ever read. 这是我读过最有趣的故事。 （6）不规则变化（必考特殊词，无规律需背诵） good（好的）→ better → best；bad（坏的）→ worse → worst His jump is better than mine. 他的跳远成绩比我好。 This is the worst result in my exam. 这是我考试最差的一次成绩。 3. 核心句型 比较级：A + be动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B （A比B更……） 最高级：A + be动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 范围（in/of...）（A在……中最……） 要点二：后缀 -ful 与 -less 构词法 1. 核心用法 该语法为名词变形容词的核心构词规则，通过添加后缀改变单词词性和含义，是单元词汇运用、写作高频考点。 -ful 后缀：表示“充满……的、有……的”，褒义，表积极意义 -less 后缀：表示“无……的、没有……的”，贬义/中性，表否定意义 2. 高频词汇 （1）care（n. 关心）→ careful（细心的）/ careless（粗心的） She is a careful student and never makes mistakes. 她是个细心的学生，从不犯错。 His careless behaviour brings him much trouble. 他粗心的行为给他带来很多麻烦。 （2）help（n. 帮助）→ helpful（有帮助的）/ helpless（无助的） My teacher gives me helpful study advice. 老师给了我有益的学习建议。 I felt helpless without my friend’s support. 没有朋友的支持，我感到十分无助。 （3）hope（n. 希望）→ hopeful（充满希望的）/ hopeless（无望的） We are hopeful about our future life. 我们对未来的生活充满希望。 It’s hopeless to give up halfway. 半途而废是毫无意义的。 （4）cheer（n. 欢呼）→ cheerful（开朗快乐的）（无cheerless常规用法） A cheerful mood makes our study easier. 愉悦的心情让我们的学习更轻松。 ◇Part 02 能力提升 提｜升｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1．—Many boy students think science is ________ English. —I agree. I am not good at English. A．so difficult as B．less difficult than C．more difficult than D．much difficult than 2．—Both Cai Xukun and Li Chen join Keep Running, right? —Yes. Cai is in ________ episodes than Li because Cai has to spend ________ time on music creation. A．less; more B．fewer; less C．fewer; more D．more; fewer 3．A good friend will _______ you when you are in trouble. A．laugh at B．care about C．worry about D．turn off 4．— Do you know that China is one of ________ countries in the world? — Yes, I do. It’s ________ older than America. A．the oldest; very B．old; very C．oldest; much D．the oldest; much 5．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _________ cities in China? —Yes, it’s bigger than __________ city in China. A．the biggest ; any B．bigger; any other C．bigger; the other D．the biggest; any other 6．_______ of Asian elephants is getting ________ because their habitats are being taken over by cities. A．The number; fewer and fewer B．A number; fewer and fewer C．The number; smaller and smaller D．A number; smaller and smaller 7．—________ is Daniel? —Sorry, I’m not sure. But I know he is ________ taller than Jim. A．How tall; much B．What tall; little C．How much; more D．How long; a little 8．We’re going to play ________ computer games and do ________ exercise. A．fewer, more B．less, more C．fewer, less D．less, fewer 9．Mr. White's new office is ________ bigger than his old one. A．very B．more C．too D．much 10．________ you work, ________ result you will get. A．The harder, the better B．The more hard, the more better C．The harder, a better D．More hard, more better 11．—No one wants to lose, ________, we must know that losing is part of life. —In fact, we can also learn something good from every failure (失败). A．because B．however C．so D．besides 12．The members of the team took the match ________ and practised hard. ________, it was not so easy for them to win. A．seriously; However B．happily; Instead C．clearly; Moreover D．quietly; Therefore 13．—What’s the ________ of the tower? —It’s about 120 metres ________. A．long; long B．length; long C．long; length D．length; length 14．Many children in the earthquake (地震) lost their schools. But we all believe that things will get better because so many people ________ them. A．worry about B．are afraid of C．care about D．wonder about 15．—I think reading is more important than speaking in our English study. —I don't agree. Speaking is ________ reading. A．not as important as B．so important as C．not important than D．as important as 二、单词拼写 16．Tom has ________ (few) storybooks among his three brothers. 17．The car is too expensive. Would you please show me a ________ (cheap) one? 18．Do you know the ________ (high) of that modern building? 19．He is going to England for ________ (far) study next week. 20．It was raining much ________ (heavy) when I was on my way to school. 21．My brother has a great sense of ________ (humorous) and loves telling jokes. 22．It is ________ (honest) of you to tell the truth to everyone. 23．Max is ________ (bad) at maths than his classmates. 24．Learning Chinese may not be as ________ (simple) as learning French. 25．The boy felt ________ (happy) because he failed the exam again. 26．Max is the ________ (tall) boy in our class—almost 1.8 metres tall. 27．I am ________ (talent) in music, but my sister is better at sports. 28．Kate is one of ________ (popular) students in our school. 29．The Yangtze River is one of ________ (long) rivers in China. 30．The ________ (much) you read, the ________ (rich) your vocabulary will become. 三、完成句子 31．健康胜过财富。 Health is ________ ________ wealth. 32．她比以前苗条多了。 She is ________ ________ than before. 33．哪条裙子更漂亮，红色的那条还是蓝色的那条？ Which dress is ________, the red one ________ the blue one? 34．智能城市将比今天的城市更加环保。 Smart cities will be ________ ________ ________ today’s cities. 35．在教育领域，人工智能正扮演着越来越重要的角色。 In the field of education, Artificial intelligence ________ ________ a more and more ________ ________. 36．为了更好地完成配音比赛，Emma比任何人都更仔细。 To do better in the dubbing competition, Emma is ________ ________ than anyone else. 37．水星是距离太阳最近的行星，而海王星则是距离太阳最远的行星。 Mercury is ________ ________ planet to the Sun while Neptune is ________ ________. 38．中国是世界上最大的国家之一。 China is ________ ________ ________ ________ countries in the world. 39．冰岛的火山喷发导致了野生动植物的生存空间越来越少。 Volcanic eruptions in Iceland led to ________ ________ ________ living space for wildlife. 40．这里的食物比我原本想的美味得多。 The food here is ________ ________ delicious ________ I thought. 四、句型转换 41．My best friend makes me feel happy.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ your best friend make you ________? 42．Lucy is the most careful student in our class. (同义句转换) Lucy is ________ ________ than ________ other student in our class. 43．This book is more interesting than that one. (改为同义句) This book is ________ ________ ________ of the two books. 44．Venus is hotter than the other planets in the solar system. (改为同义句) Venus is _________ _________ planet in the solar system. 45．The white shirt is 80 yuan, and the red one is 90 yuan. (合并为一句) The white shirt is ________ ________ the red one. 46．The girl is the most careful in our group.（改为一般疑问句） ________ the girl ________ ________ ________ in your group? 47．She always keeps secrets for her friends. (改为否定句) She ________ ________ secrets for her friends. 48．Mike is thinner than any other boy in his class. (改为最高级) Mike is ________ ________ boy in his class. 49．Tony has ten storybooks. Jimmy has five storybooks. (合并为一个句子 ) Tony has ______ storybooks ______ Jimmy. 50．The Nile is the longest river in the world. (改为一般疑问句) ________ the Nile the ________ river in the world? 五、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次。每空限填一词。） beauty   like (v.)   we   usual   be   health   play   tall   student   from I am a school boy. My name is Jeff. I am fourteen years old now and I am in Class Four, Grade Eight. There are 56 51 in our class. Tom is the 52 student in our class. He 53 to play basketball and he is good at it. He is the captain (队长) of the school basketball team. Li Lei is the funniest. He is very outgoing (开朗的) and often tells 54 jokes. He makes us laugh every day. Li Fei loves to 55 sports and he is the most athletic in our class. He says we should take exercise to keep 56 . The cleverest student in our class is our monitor, Han Mei. She is a 57 girl and she works hard too. She always gets good grades. She 58 helps us with our homework and she is also the most popular student. The thinnest girl in our class is Lin Ling. She is also very shy. The teacher often tells her to eat more. I think our class 59 like a big family. We support and learn 60 each other. 六、短文填空 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Dear Tom, How are you? I want to tell you 61 moving story. All the students in my class have known friendship better since then. Now I share it 62 you. Two weeks ago, my classmate Wang Hong hurt 63 (she) left leg at the school sports meeting. Our teacher called an ambulance at once. With the help of the doctor, she could go back to school. She was 64 (careful) than before. She didn’t want to fall behind other 65 (student). But it was 66 (difficult) for her to go up and down the stairs than before. The headmaster knew that 67 decided to move our class to  the ground floor. Our classmates helped Wang Hong with small things such as 68 (buy) lunch and handing in her homework. I think people hope to get help 69 (much) when they are in trouble, and they can  feel the warmth of others. As long as we work together, we 70 (solve) all the problems. Please tell me something interesting about you and your classmates. Yours, Li Hua ( 一 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年上学期八年级英语单元词汇与语法巩固(译林版2024) Unit 1 Friendship语法巩固 目录 第一部分 要点回顾锁定基础 高效复习 第二部分 能力提升深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 要点回顾 单元核心语法 要点一：形容词比较级和最高级 1. 核心用法 形容词比较级用于两者之间的人或事物对比，常搭配than使用；形容词最高级用于三者及以上的人或事物对比，前面必须加定冠词the，常搭配范围状语（in/of...）使用。 2. 变化规则 （1）单音节/部分双音节短形容词（常规变化）：直接加er（比较级）、est（最高级） 例：long（长的）→ longer → longest My hair is longer than yours. 我的头发比你的长。 This is the longest ruler in my pencil-box. 这是我文具盒里最长的尺子。 （2）以不发音字母e结尾的短形容词：直接加r（比较级）、st（最高级） 例：nice（美好的）→ nicer → nicest This story is nicer than that one. 这个故事比那个更精彩。 It’s the nicest day of this week. 这是本周天气最好的一天。 （3）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词：变y为i，加er/est 例：tidy（整洁的）→ tidier → tidiest Her room is tidier than mine. 她的房间比我的整洁。 This is the tidiest classroom in our grade. 这是我们年级最整洁的教室。 （4）以“重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）”结尾的短形容词：双写末尾辅音字母，再加er/est 例：slim（苗条的）→ slimmer → slimmest；big（大的）→ bigger → biggest Betty is slimmer than her sister. 贝蒂比她的姐姐更苗条。 This box is the biggest one of all. 这个盒子是所有里面最大的。 （5）多音节及部分双音节长形容词（3个及以上音节）：前面加more（比较级）、most（最高级），单词本身不变 例：interesting（有趣的）→ more interesting → most interesting This book is more interesting than that one. 这本书比那本书更有趣。 It’s the most interesting story I have ever read. 这是我读过最有趣的故事。 （6）不规则变化（必考特殊词，无规律需背诵） good（好的）→ better → best；bad（坏的）→ worse → worst His jump is better than mine. 他的跳远成绩比我好。 This is the worst result in my exam. 这是我考试最差的一次成绩。 3. 核心句型 比较级：A + be动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B （A比B更……） 最高级：A + be动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 范围（in/of...）（A在……中最……） 要点二：后缀 -ful 与 -less 构词法 1. 核心用法 该语法为名词变形容词的核心构词规则，通过添加后缀改变单词词性和含义，是单元词汇运用、写作高频考点。 -ful 后缀：表示“充满……的、有……的”，褒义，表积极意义 -less 后缀：表示“无……的、没有……的”，贬义/中性，表否定意义 2. 高频词汇 （1）care（n. 关心）→ careful（细心的）/ careless（粗心的） She is a careful student and never makes mistakes. 她是个细心的学生，从不犯错。 His careless behaviour brings him much trouble. 他粗心的行为给他带来很多麻烦。 （2）help（n. 帮助）→ helpful（有帮助的）/ helpless（无助的） My teacher gives me helpful study advice. 老师给了我有益的学习建议。 I felt helpless without my friend’s support. 没有朋友的支持，我感到十分无助。 （3）hope（n. 希望）→ hopeful（充满希望的）/ hopeless（无望的） We are hopeful about our future life. 我们对未来的生活充满希望。 It’s hopeless to give up halfway. 半途而废是毫无意义的。 （4）cheer（n. 欢呼）→ cheerful（开朗快乐的）（无cheerless常规用法） A cheerful mood makes our study easier. 愉悦的心情让我们的学习更轻松。 ◇Part 02 能力提升 提｜升｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1．—Many boy students think science is ________ English. —I agree. I am not good at English. A．so difficult as B．less difficult than C．more difficult than D．much difficult than 2．—Both Cai Xukun and Li Chen join Keep Running, right? —Yes. Cai is in ________ episodes than Li because Cai has to spend ________ time on music creation. A．less; more B．fewer; less C．fewer; more D．more; fewer 3．A good friend will _______ you when you are in trouble. A．laugh at B．care about C．worry about D．turn off 4．— Do you know that China is one of ________ countries in the world? — Yes, I do. It’s ________ older than America. A．the oldest; very B．old; very C．oldest; much D．the oldest; much 5．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _________ cities in China? —Yes, it’s bigger than __________ city in China. A．the biggest ; any B．bigger; any other C．bigger; the other D．the biggest; any other 6．_______ of Asian elephants is getting ________ because their habitats are being taken over by cities. A．The number; fewer and fewer B．A number; fewer and fewer C．The number; smaller and smaller D．A number; smaller and smaller 7．—________ is Daniel? —Sorry, I’m not sure. But I know he is ________ taller than Jim. A．How tall; much B．What tall; little C．How much; more D．How long; a little 8．We’re going to play ________ computer games and do ________ exercise. A．fewer, more B．less, more C．fewer, less D．less, fewer 9．Mr. White's new office is ________ bigger than his old one. A．very B．more C．too D．much 10．________ you work, ________ result you will get. A．The harder, the better B．The more hard, the more better C．The harder, a better D．More hard, more better 11．—No one wants to lose, ________, we must know that losing is part of life. —In fact, we can also learn something good from every failure (失败). A．because B．however C．so D．besides 12．The members of the team took the match ________ and practised hard. ________, it was not so easy for them to win. A．seriously; However B．happily; Instead C．clearly; Moreover D．quietly; Therefore 13．—What’s the ________ of the tower? —It’s about 120 metres ________. A．long; long B．length; long C．long; length D．length; length 14．Many children in the earthquake (地震) lost their schools. But we all believe that things will get better because so many people ________ them. A．worry about B．are afraid of C．care about D．wonder about 15．—I think reading is more important than speaking in our English study. —I don't agree. Speaking is ________ reading. A．not as important as B．so important as C．not important than D．as important as 二、单词拼写 16．Tom has ________ (few) storybooks among his three brothers. 17．The car is too expensive. Would you please show me a ________ (cheap) one? 18．Do you know the ________ (high) of that modern building? 19．He is going to England for ________ (far) study next week. 20．It was raining much ________ (heavy) when I was on my way to school. 21．My brother has a great sense of ________ (humorous) and loves telling jokes. 22．It is ________ (honest) of you to tell the truth to everyone. 23．Max is ________ (bad) at maths than his classmates. 24．Learning Chinese may not be as ________ (simple) as learning French. 25．The boy felt ________ (happy) because he failed the exam again. 26．Max is the ________ (tall) boy in our class—almost 1.8 metres tall. 27．I am ________ (talent) in music, but my sister is better at sports. 28．Kate is one of ________ (popular) students in our school. 29．The Yangtze River is one of ________ (long) rivers in China. 30．The ________ (much) you read, the ________ (rich) your vocabulary will become. 三、完成句子 31．健康胜过财富。 Health is ________ ________ wealth. 32．她比以前苗条多了。 She is ________ ________ than before. 33．哪条裙子更漂亮，红色的那条还是蓝色的那条？ Which dress is ________, the red one ________ the blue one? 34．智能城市将比今天的城市更加环保。 Smart cities will be ________ ________ ________ today’s cities. 35．在教育领域，人工智能正扮演着越来越重要的角色。 In the field of education, Artificial intelligence ________ ________ a more and more ________ ________. 36．为了更好地完成配音比赛，Emma比任何人都更仔细。 To do better in the dubbing competition, Emma is ________ ________ than anyone else. 37．水星是距离太阳最近的行星，而海王星则是距离太阳最远的行星。 Mercury is ________ ________ planet to the Sun while Neptune is ________ ________. 38．中国是世界上最大的国家之一。 China is ________ ________ ________ ________ countries in the world. 39．冰岛的火山喷发导致了野生动植物的生存空间越来越少。 Volcanic eruptions in Iceland led to ________ ________ ________ living space for wildlife. 40．这里的食物比我原本想的美味得多。 The food here is ________ ________ delicious ________ I thought. 四、句型转换 41．My best friend makes me feel happy.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ your best friend make you ________? 42．Lucy is the most careful student in our class. (同义句转换) Lucy is ________ ________ than ________ other student in our class. 43．This book is more interesting than that one. (改为同义句) This book is ________ ________ ________ of the two books. 44．Venus is hotter than the other planets in the solar system. (改为同义句) Venus is _________ _________ planet in the solar system. 45．The white shirt is 80 yuan, and the red one is 90 yuan. (合并为一句) The white shirt is ________ ________ the red one. 46．The girl is the most careful in our group.（改为一般疑问句） ________ the girl ________ ________ ________ in your group? 47．She always keeps secrets for her friends. (改为否定句) She ________ ________ secrets for her friends. 48．Mike is thinner than any other boy in his class. (改为最高级) Mike is ________ ________ boy in his class. 49．Tony has ten storybooks. Jimmy has five storybooks. (合并为一个句子 ) Tony has ______ storybooks ______ Jimmy. 50．The Nile is the longest river in the world. (改为一般疑问句) ________ the Nile the ________ river in the world? 五、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次。每空限填一词。） beauty   like (v.)   we   usual   be   health   play   tall   student   from I am a school boy. My name is Jeff. I am fourteen years old now and I am in Class Four, Grade Eight. There are 56 51 in our class. Tom is the 52 student in our class. He 53 to play basketball and he is good at it. He is the captain (队长) of the school basketball team. Li Lei is the funniest. He is very outgoing (开朗的) and often tells 54 jokes. He makes us laugh every day. Li Fei loves to 55 sports and he is the most athletic in our class. He says we should take exercise to keep 56 . The cleverest student in our class is our monitor, Han Mei. She is a 57 girl and she works hard too. She always gets good grades. She 58 helps us with our homework and she is also the most popular student. The thinnest girl in our class is Lin Ling. She is also very shy. The teacher often tells her to eat more. I think our class 59 like a big family. We support and learn 60 each other. 六、短文填空 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Dear Tom, How are you? I want to tell you 61 moving story. All the students in my class have known friendship better since then. Now I share it 62 you. Two weeks ago, my classmate Wang Hong hurt 63 (she) left leg at the school sports meeting. Our teacher called an ambulance at once. With the help of the doctor, she could go back to school. She was 64 (careful) than before. She didn’t want to fall behind other 65 (student). But it was 66 (difficult) for her to go up and down the stairs than before. The headmaster knew that 67 decided to move our class to  the ground floor. Our classmates helped Wang Hong with small things such as 68 (buy) lunch and handing in her homework. I think people hope to get help 69 (much) when they are in trouble, and they can  feel the warmth of others. As long as we work together, we 70 (solve) all the problems. Please tell me something interesting about you and your classmates. Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 一、 1．B 【解析】句意：——许多男学生认为科学不如英语难。——我同意。我不擅长英语。 A项通常用于否定结构；D项语法错误，much应修饰比较级；根据答语“I agree. I am not good at English”可知英语更难，因此科学难度低于英语，C项表达的是“科学比英语更难”，语意相反，B项表达的是“科学不如英语难”，符合逻辑。 2．C 【解析】句意：—— 蔡徐坤和李晨都参加了《奔跑吧兄弟》，对吗？—— 是的。蔡参加的期数比李少，因为蔡需要花更多时间在音乐创作上。 less更少的，修饰不可数名词；fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数；more更多的。根据句意，他要花费更多时间做音乐，那么能参加的时间就变少，参加的期数就应该是“更少”。episodes是可数名词复数，表示“更少的期数”应用fewer修饰；time是不可数名词，根据句意可知需花“更多”时间在音乐上，应用more修饰，应填fewer；more。 3．B 【解析】句意：当你遇到麻烦时，好朋友会关心你。 laugh at嘲笑；care about关心/在意；worry about担心；turn off关闭。根据“good friend”和“in trouble”可知，朋友应“关心”你，而非嘲笑或单纯担心，担心侧重负面情绪。应填care about。 4．D 【解析】句意：——你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？——是的，我知道。它比美国古老得多。 old古老的，形容词原级；the oldest最老的，最高级；very很，修饰形容词或副词的原级；much……的多，修饰形容词或副词的比较级。第一空，“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定表达，表示“最……的……之一”，故填the oldest；第二空，比较级older前应用much修饰，表示“古老得多”。 5．D 【解析】句意：——你知道上海是中国最大的城市之一吗？——是的，它比中国其他任何城市都大。 第一空根据“one of...cities”可知，此处用“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，表示“最……之一”，故填the biggest；第二空上海属于中国城市，比较时需排除自身，用“比较级+than+any other+单数名词”，表示“比其他任何……都……”，故填any other。 6．C 【解析】句意：由于亚洲象的栖息地正被城市侵占，它们的数量正变得越来越少。 the number of表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数；a number of表示“许多”，作主语时谓语动词用复数。句中谓语动词为 is，因此应选The number，排除 B、D 选项。修饰number时，要用smaller and smaller。 7．A 【解析】句意：——丹尼尔有多高？——不好意思，我不确定。但是我知道他比吉姆高多了。 考查特殊疑问句及修饰比较级的词。How tall多高；How much多少钱；How long多久；What什么，tall高的，What tall是错误表达。much更加；more更多；little很少；a little一点儿。根据“Sorry, I’m not sure. But I know he is…taller than Jim.”可知，第一空询问丹尼尔多高，所以用How tall，根据“taller”可知第二空用修饰比较级的词much，故选A。 8．A 【解析】句意：我们准备少玩游戏多锻炼。 考查形容词比较级用法。fewer更少的，用于修饰可数名词复数；less更少的，用于修饰不可数名词；more更多的，用于修饰可数名词或不可数名词。第一空后的computer games是可数名词，用比较级fewer；第二空后的exercise是不可数名词，用比较级more，故选A。 9．D 【解析】句意：怀特先生的新办公室比他的旧办公室大得多。 A. very很，非常；B. more更多的；C. too过于；D. much非常。本题考查修饰比较级的词，在所给的选项中much可以用来修饰比较级（bigger）。故选D。 10．A 【解析】句意：你工作越努力，你得到的结果就会越好。 “the + 比较级..., the + 比较级...”表示“越……，越……”。hard的比较级是harder，good的比较级是better，且结构前需加the。B、D项比较级构成错误，C项后半部分缺the，只有A项符合语法结构。 11．B 【解析】句意：——没有人想输，然而，我们必须要知道输是生活的一部分。——事实上，我们也可以从每一次失败中学到一些好的东西。 because因为；however然而；so所以；besides此外。根据“No one wants to lose, ..., we must know that losing is part of life.”可知，前后句意存在转折关系，且空前后均有逗号隔开，应用副词however。because和so表因果，besides表递进，均不符合语境。故选B。 12．A 【解析】句意：队员们认真对待比赛，努力训练。然而，对他们来说获胜并不容易。 seriously认真地；happily高兴地；clearly清楚地；quietly安静地；however然而；instead反而；moreover而且；therefore因此。根据后半句“practised hard（努力训练）”可知，对待比赛的态度应是“认真”。根据“it was not so easy for them to win.”可知，第二空前后为转折关系，需用However（然而）。故选A。 13．B 【解析】句意：——这座塔的长度是多少？——它大约120米长。 length是名词，意为“长度”；long是形容词，意为“长的”。第一空位于定冠词the之后，需用名词length；第二空位于数词和单位之后，需用形容词long表示度量。应填length; long。 14．C 【解析】句意：地震中许多孩子失去了他们的学校。但我们都相信情况会好转，因为如此多的人关心他们。   worry about担心；are afraid of害怕；care about关心，在意；wonder about对……感到疑惑。根据“相信情况会好转”可知，人们在关心这些孩子，故选用care about。 15．D 【解析】句意：——我认为在英语学习中阅读比口语表达更重要。——我不同意。口语表达和阅读一样重要。 not as important as不如……重要；so important as常用于否定句；not important than结构有误；as important as和……一样重要。前文观点认为阅读更重要，答句表示不认同，说明口语和阅读同等重要，as…as用于肯定句表示同级比较。 二、 16．the fewest 【解析】句意：在他的三个兄弟当中，汤姆的故事书最少。句中范围词among his three brothers表示“在三兄弟之间”，属于三者及以上的范围，要用形容词最高级，few的最高级为fewest，形容词最高级前需加the。故填the fewest。 17．cheaper 【解析】句意：这辆车太贵了。请给我看一辆便宜点的好吗？根据上文“too expensive”可知，说话人想要一辆比这辆“更便宜的”车，应用比较级。cheap的比较级为cheaper。 18．height 【解析】句意：你知道那栋现代化大楼的高度吗？定冠词the后面需要接名词，high对应的名词是height，表示高度。 19．further 【解析】句意：下周他要去英国深造。句中“study”为抽象概念，表示学习，far有两个比较级形式：farther侧重距离更远；further侧重抽象含义，表示进一步的。此处为固定搭配further study，意为深造。 20．more heavily 【解析】句意：我在上学的路上，雨下得大得多。此处修饰动词raining需要用副词，heavy的副词形式是heavily；much用来修饰比较级，表示程度加深，heavily的比较级为more heavily，因此应填more heavily。 21．humour 【解析】句意：我哥哥很有幽默感，并且喜欢讲笑话。a great sense of后需接名词，humorous“幽默的”，形容词，其名词形式为humour，意为“幽默”。故填humour。 22．honest 【解析】句意：你对大家说出真相是诚实的。honest意为“诚实的”，是形容词。It’s+adj.+of sb+to do sth为固定句型，空处应填形容词作表语。honest本身就是形容词，无需变形。 23．worse 【解析】句意：马克斯数学比他的同学差。原句中“than”是关键词，是比较级的标志词，bad的比较级是worse，因此用“worse”，符合句子逻辑及语境。 24．simple 【解析】句意：学习汉语或许不像学习法语那么简单。“may not be”后需接形容词作表语，且此处为“as…as”原级比较句型，两个as之间需用形容词原级，simple“简单的”，形容词，符合题意。 25．unhappy 【解析】句意：那个男孩感到不高兴，因为他考试再一次失败了。felt后接形容词，结合“because he failed the exam again”可知，因为考试失败，心情应是不开心的，happy加否定前缀un变为unhappy，意为“不开心的”。故填unhappy。 26．tallest 【解析】句意：马克斯是我们班里最高的男生，身高将近1.8米。“in our class”为三者以上比较范围，用最高级，tall的最高级为tallest。 27．talented 【解析】句意：我在音乐方面有天赋，但是我的妹妹更擅长体育运动。系动词am后接形容词，talent变形容词talented，意为“有天赋的”。 28．the most popular 【解析】句意：凯特是我们学校最受欢迎的学生之一。原句中“one of”是关键词，固定结构one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数表示“最……之一”，popular的最高级是the most popular，因此用“the most popular”，符合句子逻辑及语境。 29．the longest 【解析】句意：长江是中国最长的河流之一。原句中“one of”是关键词，“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，long的最高级是longest，因此用“the longest”，符合句子逻辑及语境。 30． more richer 【解析】句意：你读得越多，你的词汇量就会越丰富。本句考查固定句型“The+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，就越……”。much是不规则变化，其比较级为more；rich的比较级为richer，故①填more，②填richer。 三、 31． better than 【解析】原句中“胜过”是关键词，“胜过”用better than，表示比较关系，可以理解为“比……更好”。 32． much slimmer 【解析】原句中“苗条多了”是关键词。句中出现关键词“than”，表明此处需要使用形容词的比较级。“苗条”对应的常用英文单词是slim。slim是重读闭音节单词，变比较级时需双写末尾字母“m”再加“er”，即slimmer。中文“多了”表示比较的程度深，修饰比较级常用“much”。故填much；slimmer。 33． more beautiful or 【解析】原句中“更漂亮”和“还是”是关键词。表示“更漂亮”用形容词比较级more beautiful，“还是”表示选择，用连词or。 34． much greener than 【解析】关键字是“比……更加环保”，此处需用比较级结构，much修饰比较级greener“更环保的”，than“比”。 35． is playing important role 【解析】根据中文语境，时态要用现在进行时。主语“Artificial intelligence”是单数，因此第一个空填be动词is。play“扮演”，是动词，现在进行时中要用现在分词playing，因此第二个空填playing。“越来越……”的结构是more and more +多音节形容词，“重要的”对应形容词important，因此第三个空填important。固定短语，play a…role表示“扮演……的角色”，因此第四个空填名词role。 36． more careful 【解析】根据中英文对照以及“than”可知，此处缺“更仔细”，英文表达为“more careful”，形容词比较级作表语，故填more；careful。 37． the closest the farthest 【解析】根据句意可知，第一、二空表示“最近的”，要用形容词“close”的最高级形式“closest”，且最高级前通常要加定冠词“the”；第三、四空表示“最远的”，要用形容词“far”的最高级形式“farthest”，同样最高级前要加定冠词“the”。故填the；closest；the；farthest 。 38． one of the largest/biggest 【解析】根据句意可知，此处要表达“是……之一”的意思，用固定结构“one of + the +形容词最高级+名词复数” ，“大”常见用“large”或者“big”，其最高级形式分别是“largest”和“biggest” 。所以此处应填“one of the largest/biggest”，表示中国是世界上最大的国家之一。故填one；of；the；largest/biggest。 39． less and less 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空缺部分是“越来越少”，less and less“越来越少”，比较级结构。故填less；and；less。 40． much more than 【解析】首先，句中有“比……得多”的表达，当要表达“比……” 时，通常用“than”，所以③处填“than”。 然后，“delicious”是多音节形容词，其比较级形式是“more+形容词原级”，这里表示“更美味”，所以②处填“more”。 最后，“much”可以用来修饰比较级，加强程度，表示“……得多”，所以①处填“much”。故填much；more；than。 四、 41． How does feel 【解析】句意：我最好的朋友使我感到开心。划线部分为“happy”，这里是提问感受，用疑问词How来提问；原句主语“My best friend”为第三人称单数，且时态为一般现在时，需借助助动词does，将其放在疑问词后主语前；make后应用动词原形feel。故填How；does；feel。 42． more careful any 【解析】句意：露西是我们班最细心的学生。 同义句转换中出现了“than”，说明需要改用比较级来表达最高级含义，英语中常用“比较级+than+any other+名词单数”的结构来等同于最高级，意为“比任何其他……都……”。careful的比较级形式是more careful。 43． the more interesting 【解析】句意：这本书比那本书更有趣。改写后的句子末尾有“of the two books”，限定了比较范围为两者；在英语中，描述两者之间“更……的一方”，应使用“the+比较级+of the two...”结构，因此填the more interesting。 44． the hottest 【解析】句意：金星比太阳系里其他所有行星都热。原句用“hotter than the other planets”表示“比其他所有行星都热”，这是比较级表示最高级的一种常见结构，意思等同于“the hottest planet in the solar system”。故填the；hottest。 45． cheaper than 【解析】句意：这件白衬衫售价80元，这件红衬衫售价90元。原句给出两件衬衫的价格对比，白衬衫价格更低，合并为一句需要用形容词比较级结构，cheap的比较级是cheaper，后接than引出对比对象，构成“cheaper than”表示“比……更便宜”。 46． Is the most careful 【解析】句意：这个女孩是我们组里最细心的。本题考查含有be动词的陈述句变一般疑问句。句子含有be动词is，变为一般疑问句时，把is提到句首，句中our改为your，其余成分顺序保持不变，因此应填Is； the most careful。 47． never keeps 【解析】句意：她总是为朋友保守秘密。句中频度副词always意为“总是”，要改为否定含义的句子，无需借助助动词，直接把always换成含义相反的否定频度副词never“从不”即可，后面的谓语动词仍保持第三人称单数形式keeps。 48． the thinnest 【解析】句意：Mike比他班上的任何其他男孩都瘦。该句是用比较级表示最高级，意思是说“Mike是他班上最瘦的男孩”，thin“瘦的”，是形容词，其最高级形式是thinnest，形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the。 49． more than 【解析】句意：托尼有十本故事书。吉米有五本故事书。根据“Tony has ten storybooks. Jimmy has five storybooks.”可知，托尼的故事书比吉米多，用比较级结构“比较级+than”表示，more“更多的”，是many的比较级，故填more；than。 50． Is longest 【解析】句意：尼罗河是世界上最长的河流。原句是含有 be 动词is的一般现在时陈述句，改为一般疑问句时，需将 be 动词提前至句首，首字母大写；原句中的最高级 “the longest” 结构保持不变。故填 Is；longest。 五、 51．students 52．tallest 53．likes 54．us 55．play 56．healthy 57．beautiful 58．usually 59．is 60．from 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者Jeff所在的班级情况，包括班级人数以及几位同学的性格、爱好和特点，最后表达了班级像一个大家庭的氛围。 51．句意：我们班有56名学生。作者是学生，所以此处是介绍班级人数，空前有数字56，表示复数概念，student为可数名词，需用复数形式students。 52．句意：汤姆是我们班最高的学生。此处缺少形容词作定语，根据句中的范围状语“in our class”可知，此处应用形容词最高级，结合后面描述的运动等内容，此处应是说明汤姆的身高，tall的最高级为tallest。 53．句意：他喜欢打篮球，并且擅长它。本空缺少谓语动词，后文是“to do”结构，“like”表示“喜欢”，符合“他擅长篮球”的语境，主语He是第三人称单数，文章通篇为一般现在时，谓语动词like需用三单形式likes。 54．句意：他非常开朗，经常给我们讲笑话。固定搭配“tell sb. sth.”表示“给某人讲某事”，sb.作宾语需用宾格，we的宾格是us。 55．句意：李飞喜欢做运动，他是我们班最爱运动的。固定搭配“love to do sth.”表示“喜欢做某事”，to后接动词原形，本空后为sports，说明是喜欢运动，“play sports”表示“做运动”。 56．句意：他说我们应该锻炼以保持健康。keep在此处为系动词，后接形容词作表语，结合前文锻炼可知，此处表示保持健康，health的形容词形式为healthy。 57．句意：她是一个漂亮的女孩，学习也很努力。本空修饰后面的名词girl，需用形容词，结合语境，应是表达韩梅是一个漂亮的女孩，beauty的形容词形式为beautiful。 58．句意：她通常帮助我们做作业，她也是最受欢迎的学生。本空修饰动词helps，需用副词，结合前文她总是取得好成绩可知，此处是通常会帮助我们，usual的副词形式为 usually。 59．句意：我认为我们班像一个大家庭。此处缺少动词，主语our class在此处被视为一个整体，固定搭配“be like”表示“像”，be动词需用单数形式 is。 60．句意：我们互相支持和学习。固定搭配“learn from” 表示“向……学习”，from符合语法。 六、 61．a 62．with 63．her 64．more careful 65．students 66．more difficult 67．and 68．buying 69．most 70．will solve 【解析】本文以“友谊与互助”为主题，讲述了班级同学王宏受伤后，老师和同学们互帮互助的温暖故事。 61．句意：我想给你讲一个感人的故事。该处需一个冠词，在句中作定语；上下文线索表明，这里是第一次提到这个故事，语义与“一个故事”相关；story是可数名词单数，且moving以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。 62．句意：现在我把它分享给你。该处需一个介词；上下文线索表明，语义与“和某人分享某物”相关；固定搭配share sth. with sb.，表示“和某人分享某物”。故填with。 63．句意：我的同学王宏在学校运动会上伤到了她的左腿。该处需一个形容词性物主代词，在句中作定语；上下文线索表明，主语是女生，语义与“她的腿”相关；修饰名词left leg，需用形容词性物主代词her。 64．句意：她比以前更小心了。该处需一个形容词的比较级，在句中作表语；上下文线索表明，她不想落后，所以会更注意安全，语义与“更小心”相关；句中出现than，需用形容词比较级，careful的比较级为more careful。故填more careful。 65．句意：她不想落后于其他同学。该处需一个名词复数，在句中作介词宾语；上下文线索表明，语义与“其他的同学们”相关；other后接可数名词复数，所以student需变为复数students。故填students。 66．句意：但对她来说，上下楼梯比以前更困难了。 该处需一个形容词的比较级，在句中作表语；上下文线索表明，她腿受伤了，所以上下楼会更吃力，语义与“更困难”相关；句中出现than，需用形容词比较级，difficult的比较级为more difficult。故填more difficult。 67．句意：校长知道了这件事，决定把我们班搬到一楼。该处需一个并列连词，在句中连接两个谓语；上下文线索表明，校长先是知道了情况，然后才作出决定，语义与顺承关系相关；两个谓语knew和decided之间需要用连词and连接。故填and。 68．句意：我们的同学在小事情上帮助她，比如帮她买午饭和交作业。该处需一个动名词，在句中作介词宾语；上下文线索表明，这里是列举同学们帮她做的小事，语义与“买午饭”相关；介词短语such as后接名词或动名词，所以buy需变为动名词buying。故填buying。 69．句意：我认为，人们在遇到困难时，最希望得到他人的帮助，这样才能感受到别人的温暖。该处需一个副词的最高级，修饰动词短语get help；上下文线索表明，语义与“最需要帮助”的程度相关；much变为最高级most，表达“最、最大程度地”。故填most。 70．句意：只要我们一起努力，我们就能解决所有问题。该处需一个动词的将来时形式，在句中作谓语；上下文线索表明，这是对未来的展望，语义与 “解决问题”相关；as long as引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，所以用will solve。 ( 一 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $