摘要:
该初中英语知识清单聚焦九年级Unit 2环境保护主题,系统梳理重点词组、句型及语法知识。从环保核心短语(如raise people's awareness of、take action to do)积累,到关键句型(如not only...but also...、there used to be)的用法解析,再到前缀re-和现在完成时(for & since)的语法深化,构建从基础积累到综合应用的学习支架。
知识链路以环保主题为线索整合语言要素,句型部分通过用法对比(如suggest的不同搭配、a bit/a little的修饰差异)和实例解析提升思维品质,语法部分用表格呈现规律并结合趣味例句增强学习能力,同时渗透环保理念,助力学生在语言学习中培养文化意识和社会责任感。
内容正文:
九年级 Unit 2
九年级上册Unit 1知识点(新版仁爱202609) Chinese common people treat Chinese common people kindly.
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I重点词组:
1.
2. raise people's awareness of… 提高人们对… 的认识 P20
3. not only …but also… 不仅… 而且…
4. be harmful to… 对… 有害
5. take action to do something 采取行动做某事
6. bring…back 带回;使恢复
7. put something at risk 使某物处于危险中
8. there used to be 过去曾经有 P134
9. cut down… 砍倒;削减
10. spread the message 传播信息 P22
11. make use of… 利用
12. donate something to somebody 把某物捐赠给某人
13. turn something into something 把某物变成某物
14. do great harm to… 对… 造成巨大伤害 P24
15. cause hearing problems 引发听力问题
16. have further negative effects on 对… 产生进一步负面影响
17. cause other health problems 引发其他健康问题
18. high blood pressure 高血压
19. be based on… 以… 为基础 P25
20. environmental protection 环境保护
21. be used for doing something 被用来做某事
22. kitchen waste 厨余垃圾
23. fight against desert growths 对抗土地荒漠化 P26
24. an environmental problem 一个环境问题
25. encourage somebody to do something 鼓励某人做某事
26. take the chance 抓住机会
27. cooperate with somebody 与某人合作
28. ever since then 从那以后
29. in honor of… 为纪念;向… 致敬
30. in the first few years 在最初几年里 P27
31. take action to do something 采取行动做某事 P28
32. all over the world 世界各地
33. throw…away 扔掉…
34. think twice 三思;慎重考虑 P134
35. by now 到目前为止
36. all year round 全年;终年
37. as much as possible 尽可能多地
38. do one's part to do something 尽某人的职责做某事
39. pour something into… 把某物倒入… P31
40. as a result 结果
41. plastic packaging 塑料包装 P33
42. learning materials 学习资料
43. check for something 检查某物;查找某物
44. reduce food waste 减少食物浪费 P135
45. say no to… 对… 说不
46. at a time 一次;每次
47. be known as… 作为… 而出名 P54
48. plenty of… 大量;许多
49. bring…down 降低;打倒
50. make a big difference 产生很大影响;意义重大
51. environmental protection 环保 P55
52. cry for help 呼救
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II重点句型:
1. The International Union of Soil Sciences first suggested World Soil Day in 2002 to raise people's awareness of soil problems. 国际土壤科学联合会于 2002 年首次提议设立世界土壤日,以此提高人们对土壤问题的认识。P20
① suggest建议;提议;暗示;表明
1) suggest doing sth 建议做某事
He suggested going for a walk. 他建议去散散步。
2) suggest (that) sb (should) do sth 建议某人做某事,从句中should可以省略,中考重点,**不能说suggest sb to do sth**
He suggested (that) we (should) start early. 他建议我们早点出发。
3) suggest + 宾语从句(陈述语气,含义为“表明、暗示”)
His expression suggested he was happy. 他的表情表明他很高兴。
4) suggestion n. 建议(可数名词)
He gave me some suggestions. 他给了我一些建议。
②awareness of … …… 的意识
People have stronger awareness of safety. 人们有了更强的安全意识。
拓展:aware adj. 意识到的,知道的
be aware of sth 意识到某事
Everyone should be aware of the danger. 每个人都应当意识到这个危险。
2. In recent years, this city has made great efforts to deal with air pollution. Now people can see a much clearer sky. 近几年,这座城市已经付出巨大努力去治理空气污染。现在人们能够看到明净得多的天空。
① make great efforts to do sth 付出巨大努力做某事
含义:投入大量时间、精力去做,侧重过程,付出很大力气,书面表达常用。
They made great efforts to improve the environment. 他们付出巨大努力改善环境。
② try one's best to do sth = do one's best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
含义:尽全力去做,侧重拿出全部能力去尝试,口语、书面都能用,更通用。
I will try my best to help you. 我会尽我最大努力帮助你。
③ without effort 毫不费力
He passed the exam without effort. 他毫不费力通过了考试。
3. Noise pollution will not only cause many hearing problems but also harm animals, especially whales in the ocean. 噪音污染不仅会引发诸多听力问题,还会伤害动物,尤其是海洋里的鲸鱼。
not only…but also… 不但……而且……,谓语动词遵循就近原则
① 连接两个谓语动词
She not only likes music but also enjoys painting. 她不但喜欢音乐,而且喜爱画画。
② 连接两个名词作主语(就近原则考点)
Not only the students but also their teacher likes the plan. 不仅学生们,老师也喜欢这个计划。
③ 连接两个宾语
We learn not only knowledge but also skills. 我们不仅学习知识,还培养能力。
④ 连接两个表语
He is not only kind but also helpful. 他不仅善良,还乐于助人。
⑤ 连接两个句子(not only放句首,前半句部分倒装,中考了解即可)
Not only does he like reading, but also he likes writing. 他不仅喜欢阅读,还喜欢写作。
4. Light pollution is harmful to the health of humans and animals. More and more people take action to reduce it and bring back clear night skies. 光污染对人类和动物的健康有害。越来越多的人采取行动减少光污染,让澄澈的夜空重新回归。
① take action to do sth 采取行动做某事,action此处为不可数名词。
We should take action to protect the environment. 我们应该采取行动保护环境。
拓展:take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事(作文同义替换)
② bring back 带回;使恢复,重现
1) 带回某物/某人
Please bring back your books. 请把你的书带回来。
2) 使恢复、重现(本句语境,恢复美好的景象)
We hope to bring back clear night skies. 我们希望重现清澈的夜空。
5. Unsafe water has made many people sick in the past few years and water pollution is putting people's health at risk. 在过去几年里,不安全的水源已经让很多人生病,水污染正威胁着人们的健康。
① risk n. 危险,风险
There is a risk of heavy rain. 有下大雨的风险。
拓展:at risk 处于危险中;put…at risk 使……处于危险中
Pollution puts people's health at risk. 污染使人们的健康处于危险之中。
② risk v. 冒险做;冒……的风险
risk doing sth 冒险做某事(注意:后面不能接to do)
Don't risk crossing the busy street. 不要冒险横穿繁忙的马路。
6. There used to be fewer trees and I was always hungry. 过去树木更少,我总是吃不饱。P134
There used to be 过去曾经有(现在没有了)
含义:there be 句型和 used to 结合,表示某地过去存在某物,但是现在已经不存在。
There used to be a small river here. 这里过去曾经有一条小河。
拓展:used to do sth 过去常常做某事(现在不做了)
He used to live in Xingtai. 他过去住在邢台。
他过去起的晚,但是他现在习惯于早起。________________________________
7. But recently, people have stopped cutting down trees and I can find a good place to live in and start a family. 但最近人们不再砍伐树木,我可以找到合适的地方安家繁衍。
cut down
变形:cut → cut → cut;cutting 现在分词 / 动名词
① 砍倒(树木)
The workers are cutting down trees. 工人们正在砍树。
② 减少(消耗、摄入),搭配 cut down on sth(on 不能省)
cutting down on sugar 减少糖分摄入
③ 缩短(文稿、发言)
cutting down the report 精简报告
8. In recent years, I have seen people's efforts to make the sea clean again. 近些年来,我看到人们努力让大海重归洁净。
efforts to do sth:做某事的努力(to do 作后置定语)
9. You have volunteered in an environmental organization since last year. 从去年开始,你就在一家环保组织做志愿者。P22
① n. 志愿者;义务工作者 a volunteer 一名志愿者
② v. 自愿做;主动提出 volunteer to do sth 自愿去做某事(中考高频)
He volunteers to clean the park. 他自愿打扫公园。
③ adj. 志愿的;义务的 volunteer work 志愿工作
10. I help spread the message about environmental protection. 我帮忙宣传环保理念。
spread 变形:不规则动词,spread → spread → spread
① v. 传播;扩散;蔓延
People spread news. 人们传播消息。
News spreads. 消息传播。(主语是事物,主动形式表被动含义,不用被动语态)
② v. 铺开;展开 spread a map 铺开一张地图
③ n. 传播;蔓延 the spread of disease 疾病的传播
考点:可用于人作主语(人去传播),也可物作主语(事物自行传播,主动表达,不用被动)。
11. Can you explain a bit? 你能稍微解释一下吗?
结构:explain a bit 稍微解释一下,a bit 一点,稍微,用来修饰动词。
Can you explain a bit about the rule? 你能稍微解释一下这条规则吗。
a bit /a little 用法
① 修饰动词、形容词、副词,表 “一点儿,稍微”,两者可互换
I am a bit tired. = I am a little tired. 我有点累。
② 修饰名词:a little + 不可数名词;a bit of + 不可数名词
a little water = a bit of water 一点水
考点:not a bit 一点也不;not a little 非常
He is not a bit hungry. 他一点不饿。
He is not a little hungry. 他非常饿。
补充:a bit of 后面一般接不可数名词,不接可数名词。
12. To reduce means trying to produce less waste. “减量化” 指尽量减少废弃物的产生。
13. Reusing means making use of something again or in another way, such as using the water from showers to clean the toilet and donating old clothes to the charity. “再利用” 指再次或以其他方式使用物品,例如用洗澡水冲厕所,把旧衣物捐给慈善机构。
make use of 利用 donate sth to… 把某物捐赠给……
14. When we recycle, we turn used materials into new products. “回收利用” 就是把废旧材料加工成新产品。
① used adj. 用过的,旧的,是use的过去分词作前置定语,放在名词前面修饰名词
used materials 废旧材料;used books 旧书;used cars 二手车
例如:developed countries 发达国家;broken glass 碎玻璃;polluted water 被污染的水
② 过去分词作定语位置规则
看结构:单个过去分词放名词前;过去分词短语(分词+宾语/介词等)放名词后。
单个过去分词(一个词):a developed country 一个发达国家
过去分词短语(带附属成分):a boy called Tom 一个叫作汤姆的男孩(called Tom是短语,不是单独called)
对比:the broken window 破碎的窗户
the window broken by the wind 被风吹破的窗户
③ turn … into … 把……变成……
We can turn waste into treasure. 我们可以变废为宝。
Water turns into ice in cold weather. 水在寒冷天气里变成冰。
The farmer turns the land into a garden. 这位农民把这块土地变成一座花园。
15. There you go. You have got my message! 就是这样。你明白我的意思了!
There you go. You have got my message!
① There you go. 口语常用,分3种场景
1):对方理解/答对了,意思是对了,这下懂了
— Is this what you mean? 这就是你的意思吗?
— There you go. 对了,就是这样。
2):递给对方物品,意思是给你,相当于Here you are,可以互换
— Could you hand me the pen? 能把笔递给我吗?
— There you go. = Here you are. 给你。
3):对方做完一件事,意思是好了,搞定
— I have finished the work. 我完成这项工作了。
— There you go. 好了,搞定。
② have got 只有表“拥有”时,才等于have。
I have got a pen. = I have a pen. 我有一支钢笔。
本句have got my message中,got是get(领会)的过去分词,不能等同于have,不能换成You have my message。
③ get v. 明白,理解(口语) get the message 领会意思,听懂暗示。
get sth 明白某事 I get it. 我懂了。
16. Noises are unpleasant sounds. 噪音是令人不适的声音。P24
① unpleasant adj. 令人不快的,讨厌的(un-否定前缀 + pleasant)
unpleasant weather 糟糕的天气;an unpleasant experience 一次不愉快的经历
The smell is unpleasant. 这个气味很难闻。
② pleasant adj. 令人愉快的(修饰事物)
a pleasant trip 一次愉快的旅行
We had a pleasant talk. 我们进行了一次愉快的交谈。
③ pleased adj. 感到高兴的(修饰人)
be pleased with 对……满意;be pleased to do sth 乐意做某事
I am pleased with your answer. 我对你的答案很满意。
④ please v. 使愉快;请
Please sit down. 请坐。
The story pleased all the children. 这个故事让所有孩子都很开心。
考点:pleasant 修饰物作;pleased 修饰人。
17. Long-lasting or sudden loud noises can do great harm to people's hearing and cause hearing problems. 持续不断或是突发的巨大噪音会严重损害人的听力,引发听力疾病。
18. Serious hearing problems can have further negative effects on people's health and cause other health problems, like high blood pressure, heart disease and so on. 严重的听力问题能够对人们的健康产生进一步的负面影响,并且造成其他的健康问题,比如高血压、心脏病等等。
① effect n. 影响,效果,可数名词
短语:have an effect on… 对……产生一种影响(单数,强调某一种影响)
have effects on… 对……产生多种影响(复数,强调多种、多方面影响)
The accident had a bad effect on him. 这件事对他造成不好的影响。
Waste has bad effects on the environment. 废弃物对环境有多方面的不良影响。
辨析:affect v. 影响(动词)
The noise affects my study. 噪音影响我的学习。
② further adj. 更多的,进一步的(far的比较级,抽象含义,不指距离更远)
We need further information. 我们需要更多信息。
19. In northwest China's Shaanxi Province, a farmer has fought against desert growth for more than 40 years. 在中国西北部的陕西省,一位农民已经同沙漠扩张斗争了四十多年。P26
20. The spreading of deserts has been an environmental problem around the world. 土地荒漠化扩张是一个全球性环境问题。
① spreading 动名词,强调【扩张这件事、这个过程】
② spread 名词,本身意思就是 “蔓延、扩张”,侧重【扩张这个现象】
21. He has cooperated with some other villagers to plant trees in the desert and started his fight against desert growth ever since then. 他和其他一些村民合作,在沙漠里植树,从那以后便开始了对抗沙漠扩张的斗争。
① ever since then 从那以后,常和现在完成时连用
② desert growth 沙漠扩张,和 the spread of deserts 含义相近
growth n. 增长,扩张 the growth of population 人口增长。
22. He asked experts for advice and tried to learn from successful experience around the world. Soon, he started all over again. 他向专家请教,学习世界各地的成功经验,很快重新开始治沙工作。
23. He founded a sand-control company and led people to set up blocks to protect the trees from sandstorms. 他创办了治沙公司,带领大家搭建沙障,保护树木免受沙尘暴侵袭。
① found v. 创办,建立;过去式、过去分词founded(注意:find 找到,过去式found)
He founded this school ten years ago.
= He set up this school ten years ago. 他十年前创办了这所学校。
② lead v. 带领,引导;过去式led,过去分词led
短语:lead sb. to do sth. 带领某人做某事
The Party leads the people to live a happy life. 共产党带领老百姓过上好日子。
She leads us to clean the park. 她带领我们打扫公园。
③ set up 建立,搭建,设立
They set up a small house. 他们搭建了一座小房子。
④ protect … from … 保护……免受……(伤害),from后面既可以接名词,也可以接动词-ing形式
Warm clothes can protect us from the cold. 保暖衣物可以保护我们免受严寒侵袭。
Trees protect the soil from being washed away. 树木保护土壤不被冲走。
⑤ blocks n. 屏障,挡板(此处指沙障)
24. A lot more trees survived this time, and the villagers could also make some money while fighting to control the sand with Shi's company. 这一次有更多的树存活了下来,村民们在和石的公司一同奋力治沙的同时也能够挣一些钱。
① survive v. 存活,生存;活下来
Few plants can survive in the desert. 很少植物能在沙漠存活。
② a lot more 更多,a lot 用来修饰比较级 more
a lot more books 更多的书
③ make money 赚钱
He makes money by planting trees. 他靠种树赚钱。
④ fight 相关短语
fight to do sth. 奋力做某事(本句短语)
They fight to protect the environment. 他们奋力保护环境。
fight with sb. 和某人并肩作战;和某人一起战斗
The villagers fight with him to control the sand. 村民们和他并肩作战治理沙土。
补充:fight with sb. 还有 “和某人打架” 的含义,要根据语境判断;本句中和…… 一起治沙,是并肩作战。
⑤ while fighting to control the sand
while 引导时间状语从句的省略,完整是 while (they were) fighting to control the sand,意思是在治沙的同时
25. In 2021, Shi Guangyin was awarded the July 1 Medal in honor of his efforts to control desert growth. However, Shi didn't rest on this honor. 2021年,石光银被授予七一勋章,以此表彰他为治理沙漠扩张所付出的努力。然而,石光银并没有躺在这份荣誉之上。
① award v. 授予;颁发
主动结构:award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 授予某人某物,award后面接双宾语。
被动:sb. be awarded sth. 某人被授予某物(中考重点,颁奖类阅读、作文常考)
Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology /ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi/ or Medicine. 屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
The committee awarded Mo Yan the Nobel Prize in Literature.
组委会授予莫言诺贝尔文学奖。
拓展:award n. 奖品,奖项
He got an award for his hard work. 他因为努力获得了一项奖项。
② in honor of 为向……表示敬意;为纪念;表彰
honor n. 荣誉;荣幸 v. 尊敬,给予表彰
短语用法:后面接名词/代词,用来说明举办活动、修建建筑、颁奖的目的。
The Monument to the People's Heroes was built in honor of the dead heroes. 人民英雄纪念碑是为了纪念逝去的英雄而修建。
拓展句型:It’s one’s honor to do sth. 做某事是某人的荣幸
It’s my honor to speak here. 很荣幸在这里发言。
26. After we bring our things home in a plastic bag, we can save it and use it again for something else. 在用塑料袋把我们的东西带回家之后,我们可以把它保存下来,将它再用于别的事情。P28
27. This is a great way to reduce the number of new plastic bags. By reusing plastic bags, we can cut down pollution and recreate a greener world. 这是减少新塑料袋数量的一个好方法。通过重复利用塑料袋,我们可以减少污染,再造一个更加绿色的世界。P28
① a number of 许多,大量,修饰可数名词复数;谓语动词用复数
A number of students like reading. 许多学生喜欢阅读。
拓展:number前可加large/small,a large number of 大量的
② the number of ……的数量,中心词是number;谓语动词用单数
The number of students in our school is growing. 我校学生的数量在增长。
28. I have kept sorting out all the waste at home for five days. 我已经在家坚持把所有垃圾分类五天了。P29
① keep doing sth 持续做某事;一直做某事
含义:强调动作不间断、持续进行。
He kept working all day. 他一整天持续工作。
拓展:keep on doing sth 坚持做某事(动作可能有间断,侧重克服困难反复继续做)
He kept on practicing English every day. 他坚持每天练习英语。
共同点:两者后面都接doing形式,不能接to do;都表示持续做一件事。
不同点:keep doing 侧重动作不停;keep on doing 侧重坚持、反复,带有克服困难继续做的意味。
② sort out 整理;分类;解决
含义:整理东西;处理、解决难题。sort n. 种类 v. 分类,整理
She sorted out the old books. 她整理好了旧书。
We need to sort out the problem. 我们需要解决这个问题。
拓展:a sort of 一种;all sorts of 各种各样的
There are all sorts of flowers in the garden. 花园里有各种各样的花。
29. In fact, I've long been used to thinking twice before throwing things away. 事实上,我早已习惯在扔掉东西之前再三考虑。P134
long adv. 长久地;长期地(本句中作副词,加强语气,译为 “早已,长久以来”)
30. We've planted many trees by now, and we take very good care of the trees all year round. 到现在为止,我们已经种下许多树,并且我们全年都好好照料这些树木。
31. When I travel around the city, I always take the underground as much as possible. I think, by doing so, we're doing our part to go green. 当我在这座城市四处出行的时候,我总是尽可能多地乘坐地铁。我认为,通过这样做,我们正在尽我们的一份力量去践行绿色环保。
① as…as possible 尽可能……,as与as中间**可放形容词或副词原级**
1) 中间加形容词(修饰名词):as clean as possible 尽可能干净
We want to keep the river as clean as possible. 我们要让河水尽可能保持干净。
2) 中间加副词(修饰动词):as quickly as possible 尽可能快地
Please run as quickly as possible. 请尽可能快跑。
同义结构:as … as sb. can/could
We should keep as quiet as we can. 我们应该尽可能保持安静。
翻译:We should keep as quiet as possible in Mr. Ma's English class._____________
② do one's part to do sth 尽某人的一份力量做某事
含义:在集体行动中尽自己分内的责任,中考环保、城市建设类阅读和作文高频短语,to后面接动词原形表目的。
We do our part to reduce pollution. 我们尽自己的一份力量减少污染。
Everyone should do their part to save water. 每个人都应该尽一份力量节约用水。
32. Such actions have reduced the quality of our drinking water. 这样的行为已经降低了我们饮用水的质量。P31
① reduce v. 减少;降低
常用搭配:reduce pollution 减少污染;reduce waste 减少浪费;reduce cost 降低成本;reduce speed 减速;reduce stress 减轻压力
The factory tries to reduce air pollution. 这家工厂尽力减少空气污染。
拓展:reduce to 减少到;reduce by 减少了
② quality n. 质量;品质
提升质量:improve the quality of / raise the quality of
降低质量:reduce the quality of
常见搭配:high quality 高质量;low quality 低质量;the quality of life 生活质量
We need to improve the quality of the products. 我们需要提升产品的质量。
Pollution reduces the quality of life. 污染降低生活质量。
33. As a result, the natural environment has suffered greatly. 结果,自然环境已经遭受了巨大的损害。
34. In a word, water pollution has become a great danger to human health and the environment. 总而言之,水污染已经成为对人类健康和环境的一大威胁。
35. Buy products with no plastic packaging. 购买没有塑料包装的产品。P33
① with no = without 没有,两者可互换;with no后接名词短语,without后面可接名词、代词或doing
= Buy products without plastic packaging. 购买没有塑料包装的商品。
He went out with no coat. = He went out without a coat. 他没穿外套就出去了。
② plastic adj. 塑料的;n. 塑料(不可数)
plastic packaging 塑料包装(packaging n. 包装材料,泛指包装用料)
We should avoid using plastic. 我们应当避免使用塑料。(plastic名词)
Don’t use plastic bags. 不要使用塑料袋。(plastic形容词)
辨析:package n. 包裹、包装盒(指单件实物)
This is a plastic package. 这是一个塑料包装盒。
拓展:package v. 包装
They package the fruit carefully. 他们仔细包装水果。
36. Check for a recycling sign. 查看回收标识。
① check for 查找;查看;检查是否存在某物(for表目的,搜寻目标)
辨析:check 检查(侧重查看有无问题);check for 搜寻、查看有没有某样东西
Please check the answers. 检查答案。
Please check for mistakes. 查找错误。
② recycling n. 回收利用(动名词作定语,修饰sign)
recycling sign 回收标志 recycling bin 回收箱(箱子是用来回收东西的)
recycling在这里是动名词,作定语,表用途,含义:用来回收的标志。
对比:recycle v. 回收;循环利用
We should recycle waste paper. 我们应该回收废纸。
拓展:同类结构(动名词作定语表用途,中考常考)
swimming pool 游泳池;reading room 阅览室;washing machine 洗衣机
补充:
recycle(动词:回收)→ recycling(名词/动名词:回收这件事)
recycled(过去分词作形容词:被回收过的,recycled paper 再生纸)
37. Don't prepare more food than you can eat, so you need to plan your meals carefully. 不要准备比你能吃下的还要多的食物,所以你需要仔细规划你的饭菜。
38. It can keep you from buying more things than you really need. 它可以防止你购买比你实际需要更多的物品。P135
keep sb. from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
keep sb. doing sth 让某人一直做某事(doing作宾补,表持续进行)
The noise kept me thinking all night. 噪音让我整晚一直在思考。
keep sb. from doing sth = stop/prevent sb. (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事
Nothing can keep us from protecting the environment. 没有什么能阻止我们保护环境。
The heavy rain kept us from going out. 大雨使我们无法外出。
39. Cook more than one thing at a time with the oven. 用烤箱一次烹制不止一种食物。P135
at a time 一次;每次 强调单次的数量
Take two pills at a time. 一次吃两片药。
拓展辨析:
at one time 曾经;一度(表过去)
At one time, there were many trees here. 这里曾经有很多树。
对比:at times 有时,偶尔(= sometimes)
He is quiet at times. 他有时候很安静
40. According to experts, if there is plenty of water, it is possible to turn deserts green. 根据专家们所说,如果有充足的水,把沙漠变绿是有可能的。
41. By turning deserts into forests, we can help slow down climate change, bring down temperatures, and reduce sandstorms. 通过把沙漠变成森林,我们能够帮助减缓气候变化、降低气温,并且减少沙尘暴。
① plenty of 大量的;充足的,后面既可接可数名词复数,也可接不可数名词
plenty of water 充足的水;plenty of trees 大量树木
We have plenty of time. 我们有充足的时间。
There are plenty of books in our library. 我们图书馆有很多书。
② turn 用法
1) turn + 名词 + 形容词 使……变得……(形容词作宾语补足语)
不限于颜色,常用搭配:turn deserts green 把沙漠变绿;turn the land rich 让土地变肥沃;turn the sky dark 让天空变暗;turn the ground wet 把地面弄湿
The rain turned the ground wet. 雨水把地面弄湿了。
2) turn + 形容词(turn作系动词,主语自身变得……,形容词作表语)
The weather turned cold. 天气变冷了。
3) turn +名词 + into +名词 把……变成……(强调变成另一种事物)
We can turn deserts into green land. 我们可以把沙漠变成绿地。
对比记忆:turn the desert green(变绿,形容词描述状态);turn the desert into green land(变成绿地,变成新事物)
42. It's about how small things can make a big difference in protecting the environment. 这是关于小事如何能在保护环境方面产生重大影响。
① make a big difference (in sth / to sth) 产生很大影响;有重大作用
make a big difference to sth 对某物产生影响(to接对象,中考最常用)
Small actions can make a big difference to the environment. 微小的行动会对环境产生很大影响。
make a big difference in sth 在某方面、某件事上起到很大作用(in接领域、事件)
Your effort makes a big difference in protecting the river. 你的努力在保护河流这件事上起到很大作用。
拓展:make no difference 没有影响,不起作用
It makes no difference to me. 这对我来说无所谓。
43. The earth is crying for help! 地球正在大声呼救!P35
44. Most importantly, we should do everything possible to prevent pollution. 最重要的是,我们应当做一切可能的事情来阻止污染。
everything 是不定代词,形容词 possible 后置修饰 everything(中考考点:形容词修饰 something/anything/everything/nothing 等不定代词,形容词放后面)
45. For example, factories should use modern technology to stop or reduce pollution, or the government should punish them. 例如,工厂应当使用现代技术去制止或者减少污染,否则政府就应当处罚它们。
III重点语法:
一、前缀 re-
re 放动词前,意思就是“再、重新”
语法点
详细讲解
例词
趣味例句
re + 动词 → 新动词
1. re- 是动词前缀,放在动词前面,表示再次、重新去做这个动作
2. 加上re-之后,词性不变,依旧是动词,在句子里作谓语
3. 小彩蛋:这个前缀和环保主题超搭,课本里reuse、recycle全是环保单词!
use(使用)—reuse 再利用
cycle(循环)—recycle 回收利用
new(新的)—renew 更新
visit(参观)—revisit 再次参观
take(拿)—retake 重新采取
write(写)—rewrite 重写
build(建造)—rebuild 重建
It’s a good idea to reuse plastic bags as waste bags. 重复利用塑料袋当垃圾袋是个好主意。
Scientists have found a new way to recycle waste paper. 科学家找到了回收废纸的新方法。
use 使用 → reuse 再次使用(re=再) build 建造 → rebuild 重建(地震之后重新建城市) visit 参观 → revisit 再次参观,二刷博物馆 reuse = 再用一次;rewrite = 再写一遍;rebuild = 重新建造
二、现在完成时(II)for & since
核心含义:动作从过去开始,一直持续到现在 基本结构:have /has + 动词过去分词 主语是he/she/it、单数人名用 has;其余人称用 have
知识点
详细讲解
趣味例句
for + 一段时间
for后面跟一段时间,回答“持续多久了”
关键词:for + 多久(for 5 days、for one year)
I have kept sorting waste for five days. 我坚持垃圾分类五天了。
since + 过去时间点
since后面跟过去的时间起点,回答“从什么时候开始的”
关键词:since + 时间点(since 2020、since three years ago)
I have learned a lot since I listened to the speech. 自从听完讲座,我学到了很多。
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