Unit 6 Role models（易错题专项训练·基础知识）英语鲁科版五四制五年级上册 (新教材）

Unit 6 Role models 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 · 内容导航 · 1.重点词汇拼写与词义辨析 2.动词短语搭配与用法 3.动词过去式不规则变化 4.易混淆词汇辨析 5.综合训练 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔 易错精讲 重点词汇拼写与词义辨析高频易错点01 本单元围绕“Role models”主题，涉及描述人物身份、品质和成就的词汇，学生常混淆以下词汇： 1. role model（榜样，楷模）vs. model（模特；模型） Yuan Longping is my role model. （袁隆平是我的榜样。） She is a model. （她是一名模特。） 2. scientist（科学家）vs. science（科学） He was a great scientist. （他是一位伟大的科学家。） I like science. （我喜欢科学。） 3. medical（医学的）vs. medicine（药；医学） Li Shizhen was a medical scientist. （李时珍是一位医学科学家。） She studies medicine. （她学习医学。） 4. farmer（农民）vs. farm（农场；耕种） He helped farmers get more rice. （他帮助农民获得更多水稻。） They work on the farm. （他们在农场工作。） 5. volunteer（志愿者）vs. voluntary（自愿的） He works as a volunteer. （他做志愿者工作。） 6. succeed（动词，成功）vs. success（名词，成功）vs. successful（形容词，成功的） He succeeded in the end. （他最终成功了。） He had great success. （他获得了巨大成功。） He was successful. （他很成功。） 易错点提示 1.role model 是固定搭配，意为“榜样”，model单独使用时多指“模特”或“模型”。 2.scientist指“科学家”（人），science指“科学”（学科），注意词尾不同。 3.medical是形容词，修饰名词；medicine是名词。 4.farmer指“农民”（人），farm既可作名词“农场”，也可作动词“耕种”。 5.volunteer可作名词“志愿者”或动词“志愿做”。 6.succeed是动词，success是名词，successful是形容词——词性不同，用法不同。 小练笔 01 一、根据句意和首字母提示补全单词。 1.Yuan Longping is my r____ m____. He is a great scientist. 2.My father is a v________. He often helps others. 3.Li Shizhen was a m______ scientist.  4.The f______ works hard in the fields every day. 5.She s________ in the end. She never gave up. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 6.He is a great ______ (science). He works in the lab. 7.She wants to be a ______ (volunteer) to help the old people. 8.The ______ (farm) are busy in autumn. 9.His ______ (succeed) made everyone happy. 10.I think ______ (medical) is a very important subject. 动词短语搭配与用法高频易错点02 本单元出现多个描述人物品质与成就的动词短语，学生容易混淆介词搭配： 1.give up（放弃） He never gave up. （他从不放弃。） 2.work hard（努力工作/学习） He worked hard in the rice fields. （他在稻田里努力工作。） 3.all year round（全年） He worked in the lab all year round. （他全年在实验室工作。） 4.be born（出生） He was born in 1518. （他出生于1518年。） 5.help sb. do sth.（帮助某人做某事） He helped farmers get more rice. （他帮助农民获得更多水稻。） 易错点提示 1.give up 后接动词时用 -ing 形式：give up smoking（戒烟），never give up（永不放弃）。 2.work hard 中间不加 at 或其他介词，直接说 work hard。 3.all year round 是固定短语，意为“全年”，round 不可换成 around。 4.be born 必须用被动语态，且 born 不可写成 borned。 5.help sb. do sth. 中 do 用动词原形，不可用 to do（美式英语中也可用 to do，但教材常用原形）。 小练笔 02 一、用适当的介词或副词填空（不填画“/”）。 1.He never gave ______. He kept trying. 2.She works hard ______ school every day. 3.The farmers work in the fields ______ year around. 4.He was born ______ 1867.  5.Madame Curie worked in the lab ______ year round.  二、单项选择。 ( )6. He helped farmers ______ more rice. A. got   B. get   C. getting ( )7. She never ______ up. She always tried her best. A. give   B. gave   C. given ( )8. My father works ______. He is my role model. A. hardly   B. hard   C. harder 动词过去式不规则变化高频易错点03 本单元涉及多位历史人物，描述过去的事件时需使用一般过去时，学生常错用动词形式： 1.is/am → was He was a great scientist. （他是一位伟大的科学家。） 2.are → were They were happy. （他们很开心。） 3.write → wrote He wrote a great book. （他写了一本伟大的书。） 4.help → helped（规则变化） He helped farmers. （他帮助了农民。） 5.work → worked（规则变化） He worked hard. （他努力工作。） 6.find → found He found many herbs. （他发现了许多草药。） 7.have → had He had a hobby. （他有一个爱好。） 8.do → did What did he do? （他做了什么？） 易错点提示 1.was/were 是 be 动词的过去式，was 用于 I/he/she/it 及单数主语，were 用于 you/we/they 及复数主语。 2.write 的过去式是 wrote，不是 writed。 3.find 的过去式是 found，不是 finded。 4.规则动词过去式加 -ed：help→helped，work→worked，play→played。 5.一般过去时的否定句和疑问句需借助 did，动词恢复原形。 小练笔 03 一、写出下列动词的过去式。 1. is → ______  2. are → ______  3. write → ______ 4. find → ______  5. have → ______  6. do → ______ 7. help → ______  8. work → ______ 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 9.He ______ (be) born in 1518.  10.She ______ (write) many great books. 11.They ______ (be) in the lab yesterday. 12.What ______ he ______ (do) last year? 13.He ______ (find) many herbs in the mountains.  14.My mother ______ (work) in the hospital last year. 15.We ______ (have) a great time yesterday. 综合训练 一、选出划线部分发音不同的一项。 ( )1. A. driver B. country C. drink ( )2. A. truck B. children C. train ( )3. A. dress B. introduce C. draw ( )4. A. tree B. hundred C. drive ( )5. A. travel B. hundred C. trip 二、找出每组中不同类的一项。 ( )6. A. scientist   B. farmer   C. science ( )7. A. wrote   B. found   C. help ( )8. A. gave up   B. worked hard C. all year round ( )9. A. was   B. were   C. are ( )10. A. medical  B. medicine   C. successful 三、单项选择。 ( )11. Yuan Longping was a great ______. He helped farmers get more rice. A. scientist   B. science   C. scientific ( )12. He ______ in 1518. A. is born   B. was born   C. were born ( )13. What ______ he ______? — He wrote a great book. A. did; do   B. does; do   C. did; did ( )14. She never ______ up. She kept trying. A. give   B. gave   C. given ( )15. My father works ______. He is my role model. A. hardly   B. hard   C. harder ( )16. Madame Curie ______ in the lab all year round. A. work   B. works   C. worked ( )17. He helped farmers ______ more rice. A. get   B. got   C. getting ( )18. Li Shizhen ______ many herbs. A. find   B. found   C. founded ( )19. They ______ happy yesterday. A. was   B. were   C. are ( )20. She is my role ______. I want to be a person like her. A. model   B. modal   C. mode ( )21. He works as a ______ in the country. A. volunteer   B. voluntary   C. volunteers ( )22. ______ he have any hobbies? — Yes, he did. A. Does   B. Do   C. Did ( )23. The farmers work in the fields ______ year round. A. all   B. both   C. every ( )24. She ______ a great book last year. A. write   B. wrote   C. writes ( )25. My father is a PE teacher. He ______ very hard. A. work   B. worked   C. works ( )26. He was born ______ about 145 B. C. A. on   B. in   C. at ( )27. I want to be a person ______ him. A. like   B. as   C. for ( )28. She ______ college in France and became a scientist. A. finish   B. finished   C. finishes ( )29. Finally, he ______. A. succeed   B. success   C. succeeded ( )30. We often read and do sports ______. A. together   B. togethered   C. togethering 四、用所给词的适当形式填空。 31.Yuan Longping ______ (be) a great scientist. 32.He ______ (write) a great book about medicine. 33.She ______ (work) in the lab all year round. 34.They ______ (be) in the rice fields yesterday. 35.My mother ______ (help) the children in the country. 36.He never ______ (give) up. He kept trying. 37.Li Shizhen ______ (find) many herbs. 38.I ______ (have) a great time with my family last week. 39.She ______ (finish) college in 1890. 40.What ______ you ______ (do) last Sunday? 41.My father ______ (be) born in 1975 42.We ______ (be) excited about the trip yesterday. 43.He ______ (work) hard in the rice fields all year round. 44.She ______ (become) a scientist at last. 45.They ______ (go) to the zoo last Sunday. 五、给下列句子选择正确的答语。A. He was born in 1518. B. He helped farmers get more rice. C. Yes, he did. D. She was a scientist. E. He wrote a great book. ( )46. What did Yuan Longping do? ( )47. When was Li Shizhen born? ( )48. What did Sima Qian do? ( )49. Did he have any hobbies? ( )50. Who was Madame Curie? 六、选择合适的选项补全对话。（有多余选项） Li Ming: Hi, Jenny. Who is your role model?A. What did she do? B. Where was she born? C. Who was she? D. Did she have any great achievements? E. When was she born? F. How did she work? Jenny: My role model is Madame Curie. Li Ming: 51 ______ Jenny: She was a great scientist. Li Ming: 52 ______ Jenny: She worked in the lab all year round. Li Ming: 53 ______ Jenny: Yes, she did. She won the Nobel Prize twice. Li Ming: 54 ______ Jenny: She was born in Poland in 1867. 七、完形填空。 I have a great father. He is my role 55. ______He is a teacher. He 56.______ very hard. He loves his students. He often goes to the country 57. ______ a volunteer. He teaches the children there to play football. They love him very much. My father is also my 58. ______We often read and do sports together. He likes 59. ______Sometimes we cook together. I want to be a person 60.______ him. ( )55. A. model   B. modal   C. mode ( )56. A. work  B. works   C. worked ( )57. A. as   B. like   C. for ( )58. A. teacher   B. student   C. friend ( )59. A. cook   B. cooking   C. cooked ( )60. A. as   B. like   C. for 八、阅读理解。 A篇（判断正误，用 T/F 表示） Madame Curie was born in Poland in 1867. She wanted to be a scientist when she was a little girl.  She always studied hard at school. She finished college in France and became a scientist. Madame Curie worked in the lab all year round. Finally she made some great discoveries. In 1903 and 1911 she won the Nobel Prize. She was the first woman who won the Nobel Prize twice. ( )61. Madame Curie was born in France. ( )62. She wanted to be a scientist when she was young. ( )63. She worked in the lab only in summer. ( )64. She won the Nobel Prize twice. ( )65. She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize twice. B篇（阅读短文，选择最佳答案） Yuan Longping was born in 1930. He was a great scientist. He helped farmers get more rice. He tried to plant new kinds of rice. It was not easy, but he never gave up. He worked hard in the rice fields all year round. Finally, he succeeded. Many people regard him as their role model. Yuan Longping had many hobbies. He liked playing the violin. He also liked swimming. He was not only a great scientist but also a kind person. He always thought about how to help more people. He once said, "My dream is to let everyone have enough food." His story tells us that if we work hard and never give up, we can make our dreams come true. ( )66. When was Yuan Longping born? A. In 1518.   B. In 1867.   C. In 1930. ( )67. What did Yuan Longping do? A. He wrote a great book.   B. He helped farmers get more rice.  C. He found many herbs. ( )68. Was it easy for him to plant new kinds of rice? A. Yes, it was.   B. No, it wasn’t.   C. We don't know. ( )69. What hobby did Yuan Longping have? A. He liked painting.   B. He liked playing the violin.   C. He liked reading. ( )70. What can we learn from Yuan Longping? A. We should give up when things are hard.   B. We should work hard and never give up.   C. We should only think about ourselves. 参考答案 小练笔 01 一、1. role; model 2. volunteer 3. medical 4. farmer 5. succeeded 二、6. scientist 7. volunteer 8. farmers 9. success 10. medicine 小练笔 02 一、1. up 2. /（不填） 3. all 4. in 5. all 二、6. B 7. B 8. B 小练笔 03 一、1. was 2. were 3. wrote 4. found 5. had 6. did 7. helped 8. worked 二、9. was 10. wrote 11. were 12. did; do 13. found 14. worked 15. had 综合训练 一、1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 二、6. C 7. C 8. C 9. C 10. B 三、11. A 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. A 22. C  23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 四、31. was 32. wrote 33. worked 34. were 35. helped 36. gave 37. found 38. had  39. finished 40. did; do 41. was 42. were 43. worked 44. became 45. went 五、46. B 47. A 48. E 49. C 50. D 六、51. C 52. F 53. D 54. B 七、55. A 56. B 57. A 58. C 59. B 60. B 八、61. F 62. T 63. F 64. T 65. T 66. C 67. B 68. B 69. B 70. 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