精品解析：山东省日照市东港区献唐中学2025-2026学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试卷

日照市献唐学校2025—2026学年第一学期期中学业水平测试 八年级英语 第一部分 阅读（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Saturday, March 24th We arrived in the hot, wet city—Bangkok. This is our first trip to Thailand. All the different smells make us want to try the food. We are going to eat something special for dinner tonight. The hotel we are staying in is cheap and very clean. We plan to stay here for a few days, visit some places in the city, and then travel to Chiang Mai in the North. Tuesday, March 27th Bangkok is wonderful and surprising! The places are interesting. We visited the famous market which was on the water, and saw a lot of fruit and vegetables. Everything is so colorful, and we took lots of photos there! Later today we will leave for Chiang Mai. We will take the train there and stay there for two days, and then catch a bus to Chiang Rai. Friday, March 30th Our bus ride to Chiang Rai was long and boring. We visited a small village in the mountains. The people here love the quiet life — no computers or phones. They are the kindest people I have ever met. They always smile and say “hello”. Kathy and I can only speak a few words in Thai, so smiling is the best way to show our kindness. I feel good here, but we must go home. I hope to be able to come back next year. 1. How did they go to Chiang Rai? A. They took the train. B. They took the plane. C. They rode the bike. D. They took the bus. 2. How many days did they stay in Thailand? A. Five days. B. Seven days. C. Nine days. D. Ten days. 3. What is the best title for the whole diary? A. My First Travel in Bangkok B. The Outside World C. Traveling in Thailand D. A Beautiful Country B Do you really know clearly about your personalities (性格)? Here is an interesting quiz with some questions. Your choices can tell you what you are like. Just have a try for fun! Questions and choices Results and personalities When you watch TV, what kind of food do you eat? A. Hamburgers. B. Cakes or cookies. C. Beef noodles or rice. D. Pizza. A—You dislike being alone. You like to be with friends. B—You are quiet and enjoy staying alone. You don’t want to be with too many people. C—People like you because you are easy-going and outgoing. D—You are proud and confident. But sometimes you think too much of yourself. What would you put up on the wall in a large room? A. A painting. B. A photo. C. A calendar (日历). D. A clock. A—You like to be around friends and family. B—You like fashion. You care a lot about the way you look. C—You are hard-working and ambitious (雄心勃勃的). But sometimes people find you boring. D—You are careful. You make a plan before acting. What do you like to keep as a pet? A. A chihuahua (奇瓦瓦狗). B. A German shepherd (德国牧羊犬). C. A bulldog (斗牛犬). D. A poodle (贵宾犬). A—You are smart and creative. Maybe you need company (陪伴). B—You’re energetic and outgoing. And you have a brave and strong personality. C—You are gentle (温和的) and you’re always caring for others. D—You enjoy the challenge and are ready for any exciting activity. 4. What can you find out through the quiz? A. What dog you can keep. B. What to put up on the wall in your room. C. What personalities you have. D. What kind of TV programs you like. 5. Tom chooses to put up a calendar on the wall. What does it probably mean? A. He likes to be with friends. B. He is fun and outgoing. C. He works hard at school. D. He makes a plan before acting. 6. If someone chooses to eat cakes or cookies when watching TV, what may he or she be like? A. Ambitious. B. Confident. C. Quiet. D. Outgoing. 7. Alice always cares for others. What might she like to keep as a pet? A. A German shepherd. B. A bulldog. C. A chihuahua. D. A poodle. C Some parents think their children should play a lot in their childhood (童年), so they seldom let them do housework. While some parents think children should learn useful things, they teach their children to do chores by themselves early. A study shows that learning to do chores at an early age is good for children’s growth. Here are some benefits (益处) that helping out with chores brings to children. Doing chores teaches children life skills. Children are young now, so parents do many things for them. But they will need to do many hard things by themselves one day. They should learn some life skills as early as possible. Doing chores like cooking and watering plants can help them become independent (独立的) and teach them how to solve problems. Doing chores also helps children learn to respect others’ work. If they are asked to clean the house, they might know better about the mess they make. They will respect others’ work more and keep the home clean and tidy. Doing chores helps children manage time well. There are a lot of things to do every day, and it’s hard to fit them all in. They may have some problems when doing them. By doing housework, they can calm down and think clearly. This helps them know what the important thing is and how to manage their time well. 8. How does the writer start the text? A. By asking a question. B. By giving an example. C. By telling a story. D. By drawing a comparison. 9. What does the underlined phrase probably mean in Paragraph 4? A. Do them in order. B. Find time to do them all. C. Put them in the right place. D. Make everyone like them. 10. Which is the right structure (结构) of the text? (P₁=Paragraph 1, …) A. B. C. D. 11. What’s the writer’s purpose (目的) of writing the text? A. To teach children to do chores. B. To encourage parents to respect kids’ efforts. C. To teach parents to make plans. D. To encourage kids to do chores. D The ocean is full of amazing living things. It’s also full of plastic. That’s bad news for deep-diving (深潜) whales, as they can mistake the plastic for food and eat it. Why do whales mistake plastic for prey? A team at the Duke University Marine (海洋) Lab in the US has been looking into this question. Recently, the team has provided an answer. It all comes down to echolocation (回声定位): a natural process that allows whales to hear objects in the darkest depths of the sea. Some types of whales hunt in the deepest parts of the ocean, where there’s little light. It’s too dark for them to see, but they can hear. First, the whales make a sound and then they listen. They hear echoes bouncing off (反射) nearby objects. These echoes allow the whales to hunt. The echoes bounce off prey like squid (鱿鱼), and they also bounce off objects that are not food like waste. The scientists found that waste and prey cause similar echoes to the whales. They sound so similar that they can cause the whales to eat waste. “However, eating waste is dangerous for whales. The plastic can build up in their stomachs, preventing food from passing through their bodies. This can be deadly. Plastic pollution influences animals that are so far away from our daily lives,” says Greg Merrill, the lead author of the study. This problem is really big. People need to make real changes in their daily lives and then find the types of solutions we need to solve this problem. 12. Why do some whales use echolocation when hunting? A. They hunt in dark deep-sea areas where they can’t see clearly. B. They are afraid of other big sea animals in the ocean. C. They need to make loud sounds to scare their prey. D. They want to find other whales to hunt together. 13. What did the team from Duke University find? A. Whales like to eat plastic because it tastes like their prey. B. Echolocation can help whales avoid all dangerous objects. C. Plastic and whales’ prey produce similar echoes. D. Deep-sea plastic is more dangerous than shallow-sea plastic. 14. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How whales use echolocation to find food in the deep ocean. B. Why whales eat plastic and the danger it brings to them. C. What people can do to reduce plastic pollution in the ocean. D. How scientists study the living habits of deep-diving whales. 15. What can we infer from the passage? A. Whales need better eyesight. B. Only deep whales face plastic danger. C. People’s daily lives help solve plastic pollution. D. Scientists have a way to help whales. 第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Li Ming is my best friend, but he wasn’t always as outgoing as he is today. Just a year ago, he was a very different person. He was ____16____ and quiet. In class, he hardly spoke up and always tried to get out of group activities. During breaks, he would ____17____ sit alone reading books or listening to music. I felt ____18____ for him and often invited him to take part in our games. However, he would just smile shyly and shake his ____19____. A big ____20____ happened on Sports Day at school. His teacher noticed his potential (潜能) and ____21____ him to join in the class relay race (接力赛). At first, Li Ming was very nervous. However, when he started ____22____, his teammates and classmates cheered him on loudly. To everyone’s surprise, he was ____23____ than anyone else and helped the class win! That moment made a big difference. After Sports Day, Li Ming slowly became more ____24____. He started putting his hand up in class more often. He ____25____ everyone even more by joining the school basketball team! He discovered that he enjoyed being part of a ____26____. Now, Li Ming’s ____27____ is very different. He laughs loudly. He ____28____ his classmates. He helps them see the silver lining ____29____ someone is in a difficult situation. He isn’t shy anymore — he even performed in the school talent show. ____30____ change has taught me that with courage and help, anyone can grow. 16. A. shy B. slim C. honest D. hard-working 17. A. never B. usually C. again D. seldom 18. A. angry B. glad C. sorry D. tired 19. A. flag B. head C. bottle D. chair 20. A. change B. accident C. joke D. reason 21. A. forgot B. pulled C. ordered D. encouraged 22. A. swimming B. running C. walking D. jumping 23. A. faster B. higher C. later D. earlier 24. A. difficult B. handsome C. outgoing D. serious 25. A. guided B. expected C. surprised D. added 26. A. plan B. community C. family D. team 27. A. personality B. opinion C. appearance D. grade 28. A. fights against B. reaches for C. cares about D. meets up 29. A. and B. when C. so D. or 30. A. My B. His C. Your D. Our 第二节 词汇运用（共20小题，每小题0.5分，满分10分） 根据首字母或汉语提示，在答题卡上写出下列句子中单词的完全形式。 31. Please c________ up your bedroom. It is so dirty! 32. You can a________ more milk into the coffee if you want. 33. My pen didn’t work, so I b________ one from Jack this morning. 34. We didn’t know the truth u________ he told us the whole story yesterday. 35. In my o________, it’s not good for parents to compare their children with others. 36. Just now my mother told me the i________ of keeping healthy. 37. There is a strong c________ between hard work and success. 38. My best friend Maria can understand me and she always t________ my heart. 39. What a pity! Tom makes a m________ today. 40. I make a nice meal to get ready for my friend’s a________ 41. He is very _________ (熟悉的) with the place. 42. Friendship is ________ (也许) the most precious gift from God. 43. To our great ________ (高兴), we won the first place in the football match. 44. As teenagers, we should try to ________ (保护) our environment. 45. Listening to tapes plays an important ________ (作用) in learning English. 46. Everyone hopes the famous actor can ________ (出现) soon. 47. Mary was a ________ (极小的) baby born in 2003, but now she is pretty tall. 48. Paris is one of the ________ (有活力的) cities in Europe. 49. I ________ (期待) to come here again next time. 50. Our team won every ________ (奖) in swimming in the sports meeting. 第三节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sunflowers are beautiful and useful plants that people all over the world enjoy. They can grow very tall, sometimes over three meters. A young sunflower has ____51____ amazing ability — its flower face follows the sun across the sky from east to west each day. This movement is called heliotropism (向日性). It helps the young plant get as much sunlight as possible. However, when the flower becomes heavy with seeds (种子), it stops ____52____ (move) and stays facing east forever. The sunflower is not only pretty but also important. In fact, do you know it’s one of the most useful ____53____ (plant) in the world? For example, we can eat their seeds as a healthy snack. Besides being a great snack, we can also make cooking oil from them. Last month, I ____54____ (buy) some sunflower seeds from the supermarket, and they were really delicious! For farmers, sunflowers are a good plant ____55____ they grow quite easily. What’s more, they are the ____56____ (strong) in fighting dry weather among many plants. These happy-looking flowers bring color to our gardens and food to our tables. That’s why sunflowers are so popular in many countries. They are truly wonderful plants that make our world brighter and ____57____ (beautiful). Looking at sunflowers can make us ____58____ (feel) happy. Their bright yellow color reminds people ____59____ the sun. If you want to grow them, remember they love sunshine. With good care, you will be amazed by ____60____ (they) beauty in summer. 第三部分 写作（共两节；满分25分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 How to have good friends? Here are some tips for you. Choosing Friends Before you make friends, you have to decide who you want to be your friends. Most people like to have friends with the same interests. But that doesn’t mean you have to be like each other. It’s OK if you enjoy some of the same things. Making Friends •The quickest way to make friends is to smile. Remember that most people hate an angry face. One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice. For example, you could talk about a great answer to a teacher’s question and so on. •Ask your new friends questions about themselves. “Who’s your favourite singer? Where do you live? What do you do after school?” are all good questions. Having Activities Together It’s always fun to play your favourite activities with your friends together. For example, inviting a friend to your house is a great way to make your friendship closer. Make sure the activities can be done together. You may both love playing computer games, but if one person is playing and the other has nothing to do but watch, that will be boring. Friendship is an important part in our life, for friends make us happy and support us through hard times. If you are still waiting for your “friends”, start with the tips above. 61. What kind of friends do most people want to have? ____________________________________________________________ 62. What is the quickest way to make friends? ____________________________________________________________ 63. How many ways of making friends are mentioned in the passage? ____________________________________________________________ 64. How can you make the friendship between you and your friend closer? ____________________________________________________________ 65. Why is friendship an important part in our life? ____________________________________________________________ 第二节 书面表达（满分15分） 66. 家是我们心灵的港湾，成长的摇篮，为家庭做力所能及的贡献是我们每个家庭成员应尽的义务。“书香日照，有为少年”阅读和写作大赛的新栏目“Sharing Corner”开启了英文征稿活动，希望同学们分享一次你为家庭做贡献的经历或故事（如分担家务，陪伴家人等）并谈谈你的感受。请你根据要点的提示，写文章参与此征文活动。 要求：1.80—100词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。2.书写规范，内容连贯，文中不能出现地名、学校、姓名等真实信息。 参考要点： Opinions: our duty, do chores, care, help … with, work hard, tired … Experience: time; what to do: sweep the floor, clean the house, cook dinner, look after, learn skills... Feelings: be proud, a feeling of satisfaction, (满足感) helpful, happy... Love Family, Be Helpful Family should be the palace of love, joy and laughter. And it’s everyone’s duty to do something for his or her family. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 日照市献唐学校2025—2026学年第一学期期中学业水平测试 八年级英语 第一部分 阅读（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Saturday, March 24th We arrived in the hot, wet city—Bangkok. This is our first trip to Thailand. All the different smells make us want to try the food. We are going to eat something special for dinner tonight. The hotel we are staying in is cheap and very clean. We plan to stay here for a few days, visit some places in the city, and then travel to Chiang Mai in the North. Tuesday, March 27th Bangkok is wonderful and surprising! The places are interesting. We visited the famous market which was on the water, and saw a lot of fruit and vegetables. Everything is so colorful, and we took lots of photos there! Later today we will leave for Chiang Mai. We will take the train there and stay there for two days, and then catch a bus to Chiang Rai. Friday, March 30th Our bus ride to Chiang Rai was long and boring. We visited a small village in the mountains. The people here love the quiet life — no computers or phones. They are the kindest people I have ever met. They always smile and say “hello”. Kathy and I can only speak a few words in Thai, so smiling is the best way to show our kindness. I feel good here, but we must go home. I hope to be able to come back next year. 1. How did they go to Chiang Rai? A. They took the train. B. They took the plane. C. They rode the bike. D. They took the bus. 2. How many days did they stay in Thailand? A. Five days. B. Seven days. C. Nine days. D. Ten days. 3. What is the best title for the whole diary? A. My First Travel in Bangkok B. The Outside World C. Traveling in Thailand D. A Beautiful Country 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者第一次去泰国旅行的经历，包含在曼谷、清迈和清莱的行程见闻及感受。 【1题详解】 根据文章第二段“We will take the train there and stay there for two days, and then catch a bus to Chiang Rai.”及第三段“Our bus ride to Chiang Rai was long and boring.”可知，他们是乘坐公交车前往清莱的。 【2题详解】 根据文章第一段“Saturday, March 24th”及第三段“Friday, March 30th”可知，行程从3月24日开始至3月30日结束，共计七天。 【3题详解】 通读全文可知，文章记录了作者在泰国多个城市的旅行经历，核心内容是泰国之旅。因此标题为“Traveling in Thailand”。 B Do you really know clearly about your personalities (性格)? Here is an interesting quiz with some questions. Your choices can tell you what you are like. Just have a try for fun! Questions and choices Results and personalities When you watch TV, what kind of food do you eat? A. Hamburgers. B. Cakes or cookies. C. Beef noodles or rice. D. Pizza. A—You dislike being alone. You like to be with friends. B—You are quiet and enjoy staying alone. You don’t want to be with too many people. C—People like you because you are easy-going and outgoing. D—You are proud and confident. But sometimes you think too much of yourself. What would you put up on the wall in a large room? A. A painting. B. A photo. C. A calendar (日历). D. A clock. A—You like to be around friends and family. B—You like fashion. You care a lot about the way you look. C—You are hard-working and ambitious (雄心勃勃的). But sometimes people find you boring. D—You are careful. You make a plan before acting. What do you like to keep as a pet? A. A chihuahua (奇瓦瓦狗). B. A German shepherd (德国牧羊犬). C. A bulldog (斗牛犬). D. A poodle (贵宾犬). A—You are smart and creative. Maybe you need company (陪伴). B—You’re energetic and outgoing. And you have a brave and strong personality. C—You are gentle (温和的) and you’re always caring for others. D—You enjoy the challenge and are ready for any exciting activity. 4. What can you find out through the quiz? A. What dog you can keep. B. What to put up on the wall in your room. C. What personalities you have. D. What kind of TV programs you like. 5. Tom chooses to put up a calendar on the wall. What does it probably mean? A. He likes to be with friends. B. He is fun and outgoing. C. He works hard at school. D. He makes a plan before acting. 6. If someone chooses to eat cakes or cookies when watching TV, what may he or she be like? A. Ambitious. B. Confident. C. Quiet. D. Outgoing. 7. Alice always cares for others. What might she like to keep as a pet? A. A German shepherd. B. A bulldog. C. A chihuahua. D. A poodle. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个趣味性格测试问卷，通过三个关于生活习惯的问题选项来推测测试者的性格特征。 【4题详解】 根据文章开头“Your choices can tell you what you are like”可推知，测试的核心目的是揭示测试者拥有的性格特征。 【5题详解】 根据表格第二行问题“C. A calendar (日历)”对应结果“C—You are hard-working and ambitious...”可知，选择日历的人通常勤奋。 【6题详解】 根据表格第一行选项“B. Cakes or cookies”对应结果“B—You are quiet and enjoy staying alone.”可知，此类人性格比较安静。 【7题详解】 根据表格第三行结果“C—You are gentle... and you’re always caring for others”对应表格中选项“C. A bulldog (斗牛犬)”可知，关心他人的人可能喜欢养斗牛犬。 C Some parents think their children should play a lot in their childhood (童年), so they seldom let them do housework. While some parents think children should learn useful things, they teach their children to do chores by themselves early. A study shows that learning to do chores at an early age is good for children’s growth. Here are some benefits (益处) that helping out with chores brings to children. Doing chores teaches children life skills. Children are young now, so parents do many things for them. But they will need to do many hard things by themselves one day. They should learn some life skills as early as possible. Doing chores like cooking and watering plants can help them become independent (独立的) and teach them how to solve problems. Doing chores also helps children learn to respect others’ work. If they are asked to clean the house, they might know better about the mess they make. They will respect others’ work more and keep the home clean and tidy. Doing chores helps children manage time well. There are a lot of things to do every day, and it’s hard to fit them all in. They may have some problems when doing them. By doing housework, they can calm down and think clearly. This helps them know what the important thing is and how to manage their time well. 8. How does the writer start the text? A. By asking a question. B. By giving an example. C. By telling a story. D. By drawing a comparison. 9. What does the underlined phrase probably mean in Paragraph 4? A. Do them in order. B. Find time to do them all. C. Put them in the right place. D. Make everyone like them. 10. Which is the right structure (结构) of the text? (P₁=Paragraph 1, …) A. B. C. D. 11. What’s the writer’s purpose (目的) of writing the text? A. To teach children to do chores. B. To encourage parents to respect kids’ efforts. C. To teach parents to make plans. D. To encourage kids to do chores. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文，围绕“童年时期学习做家务对孩子成长有益”这一核心观点，分别从培养生活技能、学会尊重他人劳动、提升时间管理能力三个方面，介绍了做家务给孩子带来的诸多益处。 【8题详解】 根据文章第1段“Some parents think their children should play a lot in their childhood, so they seldom let them do housework. While some parents think children should learn useful things, they teach their children to do chores by themselves early.” 可知作者通过对比两类家长的不同育儿观点来开启文章。 【9题详解】 根据文章第4段“Doing chores helps children manage time well. There are a lot of things to do every day, and it’s hard to fit them all in. This helps them know what the important thing is and how to manage their time well.” 可知本段围绕“时间管理”展开，每日有很多事务要做，很难抽出时间全部完成，因此划线短语的含义是“找时间做完所有事”。 【10题详解】 文章第1段总述观点，点明早年学习做家务对孩子成长有益，并引出下文对益处的介绍；第2、3、4段分别从三个角度具体阐述做家务的好处，属于“总-分”结构，即P1为总起段，P2、P3、P4为并列的分述段，对应图片A的结构。 【11题详解】 根据文章第1段“A study shows that learning to do chores at an early age is good for children’s growth. Here are some benefits that helping out with chores brings to children.” 及后文对做家务三类益处的具体介绍，可推知作者写作本文是为了让孩子了解做家务的好处，鼓励孩子多做家务。 D The ocean is full of amazing living things. It’s also full of plastic. That’s bad news for deep-diving (深潜) whales, as they can mistake the plastic for food and eat it. Why do whales mistake plastic for prey? A team at the Duke University Marine (海洋) Lab in the US has been looking into this question. Recently, the team has provided an answer. It all comes down to echolocation (回声定位): a natural process that allows whales to hear objects in the darkest depths of the sea. Some types of whales hunt in the deepest parts of the ocean, where there’s little light. It’s too dark for them to see, but they can hear. First, the whales make a sound and then they listen. They hear echoes bouncing off (反射) nearby objects. These echoes allow the whales to hunt. The echoes bounce off prey like squid (鱿鱼), and they also bounce off objects that are not food like waste. The scientists found that waste and prey cause similar echoes to the whales. They sound so similar that they can cause the whales to eat waste. “However, eating waste is dangerous for whales. The plastic can build up in their stomachs, preventing food from passing through their bodies. This can be deadly. Plastic pollution influences animals that are so far away from our daily lives,” says Greg Merrill, the lead author of the study. This problem is really big. People need to make real changes in their daily lives and then find the types of solutions we need to solve this problem. 12. Why do some whales use echolocation when hunting? A. They hunt in dark deep-sea areas where they can’t see clearly. B. They are afraid of other big sea animals in the ocean. C. They need to make loud sounds to scare their prey. D. They want to find other whales to hunt together. 13. What did the team from Duke University find? A. Whales like to eat plastic because it tastes like their prey. B. Echolocation can help whales avoid all dangerous objects. C. Plastic and whales’ prey produce similar echoes. D. Deep-sea plastic is more dangerous than shallow-sea plastic. 14. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How whales use echolocation to find food in the deep ocean. B. Why whales eat plastic and the danger it brings to them. C. What people can do to reduce plastic pollution in the ocean. D. How scientists study the living habits of deep-diving whales. 15. What can we infer from the passage? A. Whales need better eyesight. B. Only deep whales face plastic danger. C. People’s daily lives help solve plastic pollution. D. Scientists have a way to help whales. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鲸鱼因回声定位误食塑料的原因及其危害，并呼吁人们通过改变日常生活来解决塑料污染问题。 【12题详解】 根据文章第2段“Some types of whales hunt in the deepest parts of the ocean, where there’s little light. It’s too dark for them to see, but they can hear.”可知，鲸鱼在黑暗深海无法看清，只能依靠听觉狩猎。 【13题详解】 根据文章第3段“The scientists found that waste and prey cause similar echoes to the whales.”可知，科学家们发现塑料废物和猎物产生的回声相似，导致鲸鱼误食。 【14题详解】 通读全文，结合第1段“Why do whales mistake plastic for prey?”及第4段“However, eating waste is dangerous for whales.”可知，文章主要阐述了鲸鱼误食塑料的原因及带来的危险。 【15题详解】 根据文章第4段“People need to make real changes in their daily lives and then find the types of solutions we need to solve this problem.”可推知，人们的日常生活有助于解决塑料污染问题。 第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Li Ming is my best friend, but he wasn’t always as outgoing as he is today. Just a year ago, he was a very different person. He was ____16____ and quiet. In class, he hardly spoke up and always tried to get out of group activities. During breaks, he would ____17____ sit alone reading books or listening to music. I felt ____18____ for him and often invited him to take part in our games. However, he would just smile shyly and shake his ____19____. A big ____20____ happened on Sports Day at school. His teacher noticed his potential (潜能) and ____21____ him to join in the class relay race (接力赛). At first, Li Ming was very nervous. However, when he started ____22____, his teammates and classmates cheered him on loudly. To everyone’s surprise, he was ____23____ than anyone else and helped the class win! That moment made a big difference. After Sports Day, Li Ming slowly became more ____24____. He started putting his hand up in class more often. He ____25____ everyone even more by joining the school basketball team! He discovered that he enjoyed being part of a ____26____. Now, Li Ming’s ____27____ is very different. He laughs loudly. He ____28____ his classmates. He helps them see the silver lining ____29____ someone is in a difficult situation. He isn’t shy anymore — he even performed in the school talent show. ____30____ change has taught me that with courage and help, anyone can grow. 16. A. shy B. slim C. honest D. hard-working 17. A. never B. usually C. again D. seldom 18. A. angry B. glad C. sorry D. tired 19. A. flag B. head C. bottle D. chair 20. A. change B. accident C. joke D. reason 21. A. forgot B. pulled C. ordered D. encouraged 22. A. swimming B. running C. walking D. jumping 23. A. faster B. higher C. later D. earlier 24. A. difficult B. handsome C. outgoing D. serious 25. A. guided B. expected C. surprised D. added 26. A. plan B. community C. family D. team 27. A. personality B. opinion C. appearance D. grade 28. A. fights against B. reaches for C. cares about D. meets up 29. A. and B. when C. so D. or 30. A. My B. His C. Your D. Our 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述李明从害羞内向变得开朗外向的蜕变过程。他在老师鼓励下通过体育节融入集体，最终性格大变。说明勇气和帮助能让人成长。 【16题详解】 句意：他害羞且安静。 结合“quiet”及后文“hardly spoke up”可知他性格内向害羞，应用shy。slim“苗条的”，honest“诚实的”，hard-working“努力的”均不符性格描述。 【17题详解】 句意：课间他通常独自坐着看书或听音乐。 结合前文“he hardly spoke up and always tried to get out of group activities”他不爱社交可知，课间通常独自待着，应用usually。never“从不”和seldom“很少”与事实相反，again“再次”不符合语境。 【18题详解】 句意：我为他感到难过，常邀请他参加游戏。 看到朋友总是孤单一人，“我”会为他感到难过、同情。feel sorry for为固定搭配，意为“为……感到难过；同情……”，应用sorry。angry“生气的”，glad“高兴的”，tired“累的”均不符合语境。 【19题详解】 句意：然而，他只是腼腆地笑笑，摇摇头。 结合“shake his”及拒绝邀请的语境可知是摇头，应用head。flag“旗帜”，bottle“瓶子”，chair“椅子”均不符合逻辑。 【20题详解】 句意：学校运动日上发生了一个巨大的改变。 结合下文“That moment made a big difference”可知是发生了改变，应用change。accident“事故”，joke“笑话”，reason“原因”均不符合语境。 【21题详解】 句意：老师注意到他的潜力，鼓励他参加接力赛。 结合“noticed his potential”以及“him to join in the class relay race”可知老师是积极鼓励李明参加接力赛，应用encouraged。ordered“命令”语气太强，forgot“忘记”，pulled“拉”均不符合语境。 【22题详解】 句意：然而，当他开始跑时，队友和同学大声为他加油。 结合“relay race”接力赛可知动作是跑步，应用running。swimming“游泳”，walking“走路”，jumping“跳”均不符合接力赛动作要求。 【23题详解】 句意：令所有人惊讶的是，他跑得比任何人都快，帮助班级获胜！ 结合“helped the class win”可知跑得更快才能获胜，应用faster。higher“更高”，later“更晚”，earlier“更早”均无法导致胜利。 【24题详解】 句意：运动会后，李明慢慢变得更加外向了。 结合第一段“wasn’t always as outgoing”可知，此处和文章开头他现在很外向的设定呼应，运动会之后他慢慢变得更外向了，应用outgoing。difficult“困难的”，handsome“英俊的”，serious“严肃的”不符合性格转变。 【25题详解】 句意：他加入校篮球队让所有人更惊讶！ 结合“even more”及他以前害羞可知现在举动让人惊讶，应用surprised。guided“引导”，expected“期待”，added“增加”均不符合语义。 【26题详解】 句意：他发现自己喜欢成为团队的一员。 结合“basketball team”可知是享受成为团队一员，应用team。plan“计划”，community“社区”，family“家庭”均不符合语境。 【27题详解】 句意：现在，李明的性格非常不同了。 结合下文“He laughs loudly.”以及“He isn’t shy anymore”可知是性格变化，应用personality。opinion“观点”，appearance“外貌”，grade“成绩”均不符合语境。 【28题详解】 句意：他关心他的同学们。 结合“He helps them see the silver lining…someone is in a difficult situation.”可知是关心同学，应用cares about。fights against“对抗”，reaches for“伸手够”，meets up“遇见”均不符合助人语境。 【29题详解】 句意：当有人身处困境时，他帮助大家看到希望。 结合“He helps them see the silver lining…someone is in a difficult situation.”可知，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用when。and“和”，so“所以”，or“或者”均不符合逻辑。 【30题详解】 句意：他的改变教会我：拥有勇气和帮助，任何人都能成长。 结合全文讲述李明的故事可知是指“他的”改变，应用His。My“我的”，Your“你的/你们的”，Our“我们的”指代错误。 第二节 词汇运用（共20小题，每小题0.5分，满分10分） 根据首字母或汉语提示，在答题卡上写出下列句子中单词的完全形式。 31. Please c________ up your bedroom. It is so dirty! 【答案】(c)lean 【解析】 【详解】句意：请打扫你的卧室。太脏了！根据“Please…up your bedroom. It is so dirty!”以及首字母提示可知，此处说的是打扫你的卧室，clean up意为“打扫”，动词短语，句子是祈使句，此处用动词原形。故填(c)lean。 32. You can a________ more milk into the coffee if you want. 【答案】(a)dd 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你愿意的话，你可以在咖啡里加更多的牛奶。根据“a... more milk into the coffee”可知是在咖啡里加更多牛奶，add“添加”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填(a)dd。 33. My pen didn’t work, so I b________ one from Jack this morning. 【答案】(b)orrowed 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的钢笔坏了，所以今天早上我向杰克借了一支。根据“My pen didn’t work”以及首字母提示可知钢笔坏了，所以向别人借了一支钢笔，borrow“借入”，是动词，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(b)orrowed。 34. We didn’t know the truth u________ he told us the whole story yesterday. 【答案】(u)ntil 【解析】 【详解】句意：直到他昨天告诉我们整个故事，我们才知道真相。根据首字母“u”和句子结构可知，此处需要填入一个表示时间关系的连词。“until”意为“直到”，常用于“not...until...”结构中，表示“直到……才……”，符合句意和语法结构。故填(u)ntil。 35. In my o________, it’s not good for parents to compare their children with others. 【答案】opinion##pinion 【解析】 【详解】句意：在我看来，父母把自己的孩子和别人比较是不好的。首字母o已给出，句中my是形容词性物主代词，后面接名词opinion，“in my opinion”意为“在我看来，依我之见”，opinion是名词，意为“意见、看法”。故填opinion。 36. Just now my mother told me the i________ of keeping healthy. 【答案】importance##mportance 【解析】 【详解】句意：刚才我母亲告诉了我保持健康的重要性。空格处在定冠词the后作动词told的直接宾语，需填入名词形式。根据空后“of keeping healthy”及首字母i可知，此处是固定短语the importance of…“……的重要性”，应用不可数名词importance。 37. There is a strong c________ between hard work and success. 【答案】connection##onnection 【解析】 【详解】句意：努力工作和成功之间有着很强的联系。结合首字母c及句意，此处指“联系、关联”，connection“联系”符合语境，冠词a后接可数名词单数，应填connection。 38. My best friend Maria can understand me and she always t________ my heart. 【答案】(t)ouches 【解析】 【详解】句意：我最好的朋友玛丽亚能理解我，她总是使我感动。结合“Maria can understand me”和首字母“t”提示可知，Maria能理解“我”，所以此处是指她总是打动“我”的心；touch“感动，触摸”，动词；根据“always”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，且主语“she”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应三单形式touches。故填(t)ouches。 39. What a pity! Tom makes a m________ today. 【答案】(m)istake 【解析】 【详解】句意：真遗憾！汤姆今天犯了个错误。根据“makes a”和首字母m可知，此处是短语make a mistake“犯错”。故填(m)istake。 40. I make a nice meal to get ready for my friend’s a________ 【答案】arrival##rrival 【解析】 【详解】句意：我做了一顿丰盛的饭菜，为朋友的到来做好准备。friend’s是名词所有格，后面需要接名词；根据首字母提示和“to get ready for my friend’s…”可知，此处指为朋友到来做准备，名词arrival符合语境。 41. He is very _________ (熟悉的) with the place. 【答案】familiar 【解析】 【详解】句意：他非常熟悉这个地方。familiar“熟悉的”，形容词；be familiar with表示“对……熟悉”。故填familiar。 42. Friendship is ________ (也许) the most precious gift from God. 【答案】perhaps 【解析】 【详解】句意：友谊也许是来自上天最珍贵的礼物。perhaps“也许，可能”，副词，修饰整个句子。 43. To our great ________ (高兴), we won the first place in the football match. 【答案】joy 【解析】 【详解】句意：令我们非常高兴的是，我们在足球比赛中获得了第一名。“To our great+名词”表示“令我们非常……的是”，括号中给出中文“高兴”可知，joy意为“高兴”，名词，“to our great joy”意为“令我们非常高兴的是”。故填joy。 44. As teenagers, we should try to ________ (保护) our environment. 【答案】protect 【解析】 【详解】句意：作为青少年，我们应该努力保护我们的环境。根据中文以及“try to…our environment.”可知，此处填写“保护”的动词原形。故填protect。 45. Listening to tapes plays an important ________ (作用) in learning English. 【答案】role 【解析】 【详解】句意：听磁带在学习英语方面起到重要作用。固定搭配play an important role in…，表示“在……中起重要作用”，role为名词，表示“作用”，单数即可。 46. Everyone hopes the famous actor can ________ (出现) soon. 【答案】appear 【解析】 【详解】句意：每个人都希望这位著名演员可以尽快出现。appear为动词，表示“出现”，can是情态动词，后面需要接动词原形。故填appear。 47. Mary was a ________ (极小的) baby born in 2003, but now she is pretty tall. 【答案】tiny 【解析】 【详解】句意：Mary在2003年出生时是一个极小的婴儿，但现在她相当高了。空格处在不定冠词a后作定语修饰名词baby，需填入形容词原级。根据中文提示“极小的”可知，对应的形容词为tiny。 48. Paris is one of the ________ (有活力的) cities in Europe. 【答案】liveliest 【解析】 【详解】句意：巴黎是欧洲最有活力的城市之一。“有活力的”对应的英文形容词是lively，“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”是固定结构，用来表示“……中最……之一”，lively的最高级形式是liveliest。 49. I ________ (期待) to come here again next time. 【答案】expect 【解析】 【详解】句意：我期待下次再来这里。“期待”对应的单词是expect，expect to do sth.是固定搭配，意为期待做某事。主语I是第一人称，句子为一般现在时，动词用原形expect。 50. Our team won every ________ (奖) in swimming in the sports meeting. 【答案】prize 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们队在运动会游泳项目中拿下了每一项奖项。 prize“奖；奖品；奖项”，可数名词；every后接可数名词单数。 第三节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sunflowers are beautiful and useful plants that people all over the world enjoy. They can grow very tall, sometimes over three meters. A young sunflower has ____51____ amazing ability — its flower face follows the sun across the sky from east to west each day. This movement is called heliotropism (向日性). It helps the young plant get as much sunlight as possible. However, when the flower becomes heavy with seeds (种子), it stops ____52____ (move) and stays facing east forever. The sunflower is not only pretty but also important. In fact, do you know it’s one of the most useful ____53____ (plant) in the world? For example, we can eat their seeds as a healthy snack. Besides being a great snack, we can also make cooking oil from them. Last month, I ____54____ (buy) some sunflower seeds from the supermarket, and they were really delicious! For farmers, sunflowers are a good plant ____55____ they grow quite easily. What’s more, they are the ____56____ (strong) in fighting dry weather among many plants. These happy-looking flowers bring color to our gardens and food to our tables. That’s why sunflowers are so popular in many countries. They are truly wonderful plants that make our world brighter and ____57____ (beautiful). Looking at sunflowers can make us ____58____ (feel) happy. Their bright yellow color reminds people ____59____ the sun. If you want to grow them, remember they love sunshine. With good care, you will be amazed by ____60____ (they) beauty in summer. 【答案】51. an 52. moving 53. plants 54. bought 55. because 56. strongest 57. more beautiful 58. feel 59. of 60. their 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了向日葵的向日性特点、实用价值、易种植的优势，说明了它广受喜爱的原因，赞美向日葵是能让世界更美好的优质植物。 【51题详解】 句意：一株幼生的向日葵拥有一种惊人的能力——它的花盘每天会从东到西跟着天空中的太阳转动。此处修饰可数名词“ability”，表泛指“一种惊人的能力”，且“amazing”以元音音素开头，因此填不定冠词an。 【52题详解】 句意：不过，当花盘结满沉甸甸的种子后，它就会停止转动，永远面朝东方。此处使用搭配stop doing sth.，表示“停止正在做的事”，此处指向日葵结满种子后就不再转动花盘了，因此填move的动名词形式moving。 【53题详解】 句意：事实上，你知道它是世界上最有用的植物之一吗？此处使用结构“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……的……之一”，因此填plant的复数形式plants。 【54题详解】 句意：上个月我从超市买了一些葵花籽，味道特别棒！根据时间状语“Last month”可知句子时态为一般过去时，因此填buy的过去式bought。 【55题详解】 句意：对农民来说，向日葵是很好的作物，因为它们很容易种植。根据“sunflowers are a good plant”和“they grow quite easily”可知后者是前者的原因，故用引导原因状语从句的连词because。 【56题详解】 句意：此外，在众多植物中，它的抗旱能力是最强的。根据定冠词“the”以及范围状语“among many plants”，可知此处要用形容词最高级，因此填strong的最高级形式strongest。 【57题详解】 句意：它们真的是非常棒的植物，让我们的世界变得更明媚、更美丽。并列连词“and”连接并列的比较级结构，和“brighter”对应，因此填beautiful的比较级形式more beautiful。 【58题详解】 句意：看向日葵能让我们感到快乐。此处使用搭配make sb. do sth.，表示“让某人做某事”，后接不带to的动词不定式，因此填feel。 【59题详解】 句意：它们明亮的黄色会让人们想起太阳。此处使用搭配remind sb. of sth.，表示“使某人想起某物”，因此填介词of。 【60题详解】 句意：悉心照料的话，夏天你一定会被它们的美丽惊艳到。此处修饰名词“beauty”，需要形容词性物主代词作定语，因此填they的形容词性物主代词形式their。 第三部分 写作（共两节；满分25分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 How to have good friends? Here are some tips for you. Choosing Friends Before you make friends, you have to decide who you want to be your friends. Most people like to have friends with the same interests. But that doesn’t mean you have to be like each other. It’s OK if you enjoy some of the same things. Making Friends •The quickest way to make friends is to smile. Remember that most people hate an angry face. One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice. For example, you could talk about a great answer to a teacher’s question and so on. •Ask your new friends questions about themselves. “Who’s your favourite singer? Where do you live? What do you do after school?” are all good questions. Having Activities Together It’s always fun to play your favourite activities with your friends together. For example, inviting a friend to your house is a great way to make your friendship closer. Make sure the activities can be done together. You may both love playing computer games, but if one person is playing and the other has nothing to do but watch, that will be boring. Friendship is an important part in our life, for friends make us happy and support us through hard times. If you are still waiting for your “friends”, start with the tips above. 61. What kind of friends do most people want to have? ____________________________________________________________ 62. What is the quickest way to make friends? ____________________________________________________________ 63. How many ways of making friends are mentioned in the passage? ____________________________________________________________ 64. How can you make the friendship between you and your friend closer? ____________________________________________________________ 65. Why is friendship an important part in our life? ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】61. Most people like to have friends with the same interests. 62. The quickest way to make friends is to smile. 63. Three. 64. By inviting a friend to your house. 65. Because friends make us happy and support us through hard times. 【解析】 【导语】本篇是说明文，介绍拥有好朋友的几条建议。 【61题详解】 原文Choosing Friends部分“Most people like to have friends with the same interests.”，介绍大多数人想要拥有的朋友类型。 【62题详解】 原文Making Friends部分“The quickest way to make friends is to smile.”，介绍交朋友最快的方式。 【63题详解】 原文Making Friends部分一共提到三种交友方式：微笑；说赞美的话开启对话；询问新朋友关于他们自己的问题。 【64题详解】 原文Having Activities Together部分“It’s always fun to play your favourite activities with your friends together. For example, inviting a friend to your house is a great way to make your friendship closer.”，介绍拉近友谊的方法。 【65题详解】 原文最后一段“Friendship is an important part in our life, for friends make us happy and support us through hard times.”，说明友谊在生活中很重要的原因。 第二节 书面表达（满分15分） 66. 家是我们心灵的港湾，成长的摇篮，为家庭做力所能及的贡献是我们每个家庭成员应尽的义务。“书香日照，有为少年”阅读和写作大赛的新栏目“Sharing Corner”开启了英文征稿活动，希望同学们分享一次你为家庭做贡献的经历或故事（如分担家务，陪伴家人等）并谈谈你的感受。请你根据要点的提示，写文章参与此征文活动。 要求：1.80—100词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。2.书写规范，内容连贯，文中不能出现地名、学校、姓名等真实信息。 参考要点： Opinions: our duty, do chores, care, help … with, work hard, tired … Experience: time; what to do: sweep the floor, clean the house, cook dinner, look after, learn skills... Feelings: be proud, a feeling of satisfaction, (满足感) helpful, happy... Love Family, Be Helpful Family should be the palace of love, joy and laughter. And it’s everyone’s duty to do something for his or her family. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Love Family, Be Helpful Family should be the palace of love, joy and laughter. And it’s everyone’s duty to do something for his or her family. As a teenager, I think doing chores is a good way to show care for our parents. They work hard and often feel tired, so I always try to help them. Last Sunday, my parents were busy. I decided to give them a surprise. I swept the floor and cleaned the house carefully. Then, I cooked dinner. Although I wasn’t good at cooking, I learned some skills online. When my parents came back, they were happy. Seeing their smiles, I felt a strong feeling of satisfaction. I am proud that I can be helpful. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤： [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，用一般现在时和一般过去时 明确要点：①为家庭分担贡献是每个家庭成员的责任；②自己分担家务的具体经历（如扫地、打扫房屋、做晚餐等）；③自身的感受与收获 确定人称：第一人称 注意事项：内容需真实贴近生活，围绕“帮助家人”展开，情感真挚，避免空洞抒情，80—100词 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引出家庭与责任的关系，点明青少年可通过做家务等方式关爱父母的观点 主体段：叙述上周日父母忙碌时，自己主动打扫房间、学习做饭并给父母惊喜的具体事件 结尾段：表达父母的笑容带来的满足感，强调为家庭付出的自豪 [第三步：要点展示] 要点一：为家庭分担贡献是每个家庭成员的责任 doing chores is a good way to show care for our parents/work hard and often feel tired/it’s everyone’s duty to do something for his or her family等 要点二：自己分担家务的具体经历 swept the floor and cleaned the house/cooked dinner/learned some skills online/took good care of my little sister等 要点三：自身的感受与收获 a strong feeling of satisfaction/proud that I can be helpful/made me realize how happy I am to be helpful for my family等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $