Unit 3 Getting along with others - Extended reading 教材核心短语句型知识清单（答案版+默写版）2026-2027学年高中英语译林版必修第一册

该高中英语学习任务单聚焦U3 Extended reading核心内容，涵盖21个必背单词、11个拓展词汇、63个重要短语及10个关键句型，以词汇（词形、搭配）→短语→句型→语篇（《论友谊》及李杜友谊故事）为脉络，构建从基础语言知识到语用能力的学习支架。 资料特色在于语言知识与文化内涵的深度融合，词汇标注词形变化和搭配提升语言能力，阅读文本整合西方与中国友谊文化培养文化意识，拓展短语引导写摘要、搜集信息强化学习能力，助力学生系统掌握知识并提升综合素养。

U3 Extended reading 核心短语句型默写清单 Extended reading-重要短语-英译汉 1.the importance of friendship 2.wish to be alone with our own thoughts 3.quiet periods of reflection 4.lead to personal improvement 5.lead to 6.personal improvement 7.seek to be alone 8.seek to do sth. 9.escape into our own world 10.be important to us 11.more often than not 12.smooth out 13.smooth out problems 14.the rocky road 15.be all meant to travel 16.be meant to do sth. 17.live in social groups 18.many benefits of friendship 19.generally speaking 20.comfort the heart 21.advise the head 22.achieve the goals 23.become happier,wiser and more satisfied humans 24.come from doing sth. 25.share with friends our joy 26.have a double advantage 27.take on 28.take on a greater meaning 29.become a trouble halved 30.this kind of openness 31.result from 32.feel /be free to do sth. 33.feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure 34.in full measure 35.both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness 36.treasure these moments of closeness 37.these moments of closeness 38.treasure the moment of... 39.depend on/upon 40.depend on such opportunities for comfort and protection 41.find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses 42.find it easier to do sth. 43.find+it+adj.(+for sb./sth.)+to do sth. 44.as a result 45.on the other hand 46.be better able to offer advice on important decisions 47.offer advice on... 48.talk our problems over with a friend 49.talk sth.over 50.talk sth.over with sb. 51.put one's thoughts/feelings into words 52.make our thoughts clearer 53.bring us a more thorough understanding of our problems 54.a thorough understanding of... 55.in many different ways 56.be even known as... 57.be known as... 58.point out 59.enjoy the company of... 60.enjoy the company of a crowd 61.a crowd of/crowds of 62.be not the same as doing sth. 63.in this way Extended reading-重要句型-英译汉 1.As we walk the "path of life",we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts... 2.However,when we seek to be alone,we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world. 3.More often than not,close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel. 4.As we live in social groups,there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy. 5....they may comfort the heart,advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves. 6.The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy,sadness, success and failure. 7....happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! 8.We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own. 9.Finally,it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. 10.They admired each other and quickly became friends. Extended reading-重要短语-汉译英 1.友谊的重要性 2.希望独处、沉浸在自己的思绪之中 3.安静的沉思时刻 4.实现自我的完善 5.导致，带来 6.自我完善 7.追求独处 8.试图做某事 9.逃入自我的世界中 10.对我们来说重要 11.通常，往往，一贯 12.使平坦，使光滑；消除 (问题)，克服 (困难) 13.消除问题 14.坎坷 / 多石的道路 15.注定要去旅行 16.注定要做某事；应做某事 17.置身于社会群体中 18.友谊的诸多益处 19.一般来说，总体而言 20.抚慰心灵 21.启迪理智 22.实现目标 23.成为更快乐、更睿智、内心更满足的人 24.来自做某事；源于做某事 25.与朋友分享我们的喜悦 26.有双重优势 27.呈现，具有 28.被赋予更深的意义 29.烦恼减半 30.这种坦诚 31.由…… 引起，因…… 产生 32.可以随心所欲做某事 33.尽情地分享我们的喜怒哀乐 34.最大程度地，最大限度地 35.既尊重我们的感受，又珍惜这些亲密的时光 36.珍惜这些亲密的时光 37.这些亲密的时光 38.珍惜…… 的时刻 39.依靠；依赖；取决于 40.依靠这样的机会获得慰藉与庇护 41.更容易看清他人的缺点 42.做某事更容易 43.发现（做某事）是…… 的（it 作形式宾语） 44.结果 45.另一方面 46.更能够就重大抉择提供建议 47.在…… 方面提供建议；(主动) 提供关于…… 的建议 48.和朋友详谈我们遇到的问题 49.详细讨论 / 详谈某事 50.和某人详细讨论 / 详谈某事 (以达成协议或作出决定) 51.用语言表达自己的思想 / 感觉 52.让我们的思路更加清晰 53.让我们对自身的问题有更为透彻的理解 54.透彻理解…… 55.以许多不同的方式 56.甚至被称为…… 57.被称为…… 58.指出 59.享受……的陪伴；喜欢和……在一起 60.享受一帮人的陪伴 61.一群 / 成群的…… 62.与做某事并不一样 63.这样，用这种方法 Extended reading-重要句型-汉译英 1.……走在 “人生的道路” 上，有时我们可能希望独自思考…… 2.不过，在追求独处时，须小心，我们不能总是逃入自我的世界中。 3.通常，亲密的友情能助我们踏平时而坎坷却又注定要经过的道路。 4.因为我们置身于社会群体中，我们可以享受到友谊的诸多益处。 5.…… 抚慰心灵，启迪思维，帮我们实现既定目标。 6.友谊的第一个硕果来自和友人分享我们的喜悲成败所带来的平和心境。 7.…… 幸福有了更大的意义，而麻烦在分担之后减半！ 8.我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。 9.最后，需要指出的是，与众人为伍不等于有朋友相伴。 10.他们互相欣赏，很快就成了朋友。 Extended reading-重要拓展短语-英译汉 1.write a summary of the essay 2.the main points and key ideas 3.express these ideas in your own words 4.include supporting details or background knowledge 5.your personal opinion 6.when to be independent 7.ask for the help 8.search for information from different sources 9.search for 10.official sources 11.put together your information 12.in Chinese history 13.form a lasting friendship 14.come down to 15.come down to this very day 16.a well-known poet 17.admire each other 18.a couple of times during their lives 19.one’s shared love of poems kept them close together 20.shared interests form the basis of true friendship 21.ties one heart to the other 22.no matter how far away they are from each other 23.a classical novel 24.try to stay connected 25.a heart-warming story about 26.what happens to sb. Extended reading-重要拓展短语-汉译英 1.写这篇文章的摘要 2.要点与核心思想 3.用你自己的话表达这些观点 4.包含佐证细节或背景知识 5.你的个人观点 6.何时保持独立 7.寻求帮助 8.从不同渠道搜集信息 9.搜索，寻找 10.官方来源 11.整理你的信息 12.在中国历史上 13.建立一段持久的友谊 14.流传至…… 15.流传至今 16.一位著名诗人 17.互相欣赏 18.在他们的一生中数次 19.共同对诗歌的热爱让他们彼此关系紧密 20.共同的爱好构成真挚友谊的基础 21.将两颗心紧紧相连 22.无论彼此相隔多远 23.一部古典小说 24.尽力保持联系 25.一个关于……的暖心故事 26.某人发生了什么事 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ U3 Extended reading 教材基础考点笔记 必背单词 1.reflection n.[U]沉思；反射；[C]映像；反映 ◆on/upon reflection 经过思考 ◆on further reflection 进一步思考后 →reflect v.反映 2.seek (sought,sought)vi.试图；寻找；争取 vt.寻求；寻找 ◆seek to do sth. 试图做某事 3.escape vi.&vt.逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n.逃离，逃脱 4.smooth out 消除(问题)，克服(困难) ◆smooth out problems 消除问题 ◆smooth out difficulties 克服困难 5.be meant to do sth. 注定要做某事，应做某事 6.benefit n.[U,C]优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于 →beneficial adj.有利的，有用的 ◆be beneficial to... 对……有益 ◆benefit from 从……中获益 7.comfort vt.宽慰，抚慰 n.舒服，安慰 8.joy n.[U]高兴，愉快；[C]令人高兴的人(或事)，乐趣 ◆share joy with... 与……分享快乐 9.failure [U,C]n.失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障 ◆failure to do sth. 未做某事 →fail vi.&vt.失败 10.take on 呈现，具有 11.in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地 12.moment n.[C]时光，时机；瞬间；[sing.]某个时刻 ◆treasure these moments of closeness 珍惜这些亲密的时光 ◆these moments of closeness 这些亲密的时光 ◆treasure the moment of... 珍惜……的时刻 ◆at the moment 此刻，眼下，目前 ◆for the moment 暂时；目前 ◆in a moment 马上，很快 13.indeed adv.其实，实际上；的确；真正地 14.well-meaning adj.出于好心的，善意的 15.recognize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出 16.thorough adj.彻底的，全面的；仔细的；完全的；仔细周到 ◆a thorough understanding of... 透彻理解…… ◆give sb.a thorough check-up 给某人做一次全面的检查 →(形近)through prep.穿过；从头到尾 17.death n.[C]死，死亡；[U]n.死亡状态 →die vi.死亡，凋谢；消亡 →(过去式和过去分词) died →(现在分词为)dying 18.company n.[U] 陪伴，作伴，公司 ◆enjoy the company of... 享受……的陪伴；喜欢和……在一起 ◆enjoy the company of a crowd 享受一帮人的陪伴 ◆keep sb.company 给某人作伴 19.crowd n.[C]一伙人，一帮人：人群 vt.挤满，使拥挤；使……拥挤 vi.聚集，群集；挤，涌 ◆enjoy the company of a crowd 享受一帮人的陪伴 ◆a crowd of/crowds of 一群/成群的…… ◆crowd into... 大批涌入…… →crowded adj.拥挤的 20.poet n.[C]诗人 →poem n.[C]诗，韵文 →poetry n.[U]诗集，诗歌，诗作 21.admire vt.钦佩：欣赏 22.wine n.[U,C]葡萄酒；果酒 ◆a cup of wine 一杯酒 必背拓展词汇 1.alone adj.独自的 adv.单独地 →alone adv.单，仅仅(用在名词或代词后以加强语气) →lonely adj.孤单的，寂寞的 2.rocky adj.岩石的，多岩石的；困难的 ◆the rocky road 坎坷/多石的道路 3.halve vt.& vi.(使)减半 4.naturally adv.自然而然地(修饰整个句子)；当然 5.treasure vt.珍视 6.weakness n.[C]弱点 →(反义词)strength →weak adj.虚弱的 7.one-sided adj.片面的 ▶You should be careful to avoid being one-sided when thinking about a problem. 你考虑问题的时候切忌片面。 8.aspect n. [ C ]方面，层面 ◆in this aspect 在这方面 9.source n.[C]来源，出处；源头，发源地；[usually pl.]信息来源，原始资料 ◆a source of information 资料来源 →(易混词)resource n.[C,usually pl.]资源 10.generally speaking 一般来说，总体而言 [拓展] frankly speaking 坦率地说 personally speaking 就我个人来说 broadly speaking 大致说来 strictly speaking 严格说来 11.achieve the goals 实现目标 [拓展] set a goal 设定目标 Extended reading-重要短语 1.the importance of friendship  友谊的重要性 2.wish to be alone with our own thoughts  希望独处、沉浸在自己的思绪之中 3.quiet periods of reflection  安静的沉思时刻 4.lead to personal improvement  实现自我的完善 5.lead to  导致，带来 6.personal improvement  自我完善 7.seek to be alone  追求独处 8.seek to do sth.  试图做某事 9.escape into our own world  逃入自我的世界中 10.be important to us 对我们来说重要 11.more often than not 通常，往往，一贯 12.smooth out 使平坦，使光滑；消除(问题)，克服(困难) 13.smooth out problems 消除问题 14.the rocky road 坎坷/多石的道路 15.be all meant to travel 注定要去旅行 16.be meant to do sth. 注定要做某事；应做某事 17.live in social groups 置身于社会群体中 18.many benefits of friendship 友谊的诸多益处 19.generally speaking 一般来说，总体而言 20.comfort the heart 抚慰心灵 21.advise the head  启迪理智 22.achieve the goals  实现目标 23.become happier,wiser and more satisfied humans 成为更快乐、更睿智、内心更满足的人 24.come from doing sth.  来自做某事；源于做某事 25.share with friends our joy  与朋友分享我们的喜悦 26.have a double advantage  有双重优势 27.take on  呈现，具有 28.take on a greater meaning  被赋予更深的意义 29.become a trouble halved  烦恼减半 30.this kind of openness  这种坦诚 31.result from 由……引起，因……产生 32.feel /be free to do sth. 可以随心所欲做某事 33.feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure 尽情地分享我们的喜怒哀乐 34.in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地 35.both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness 既尊重我们的感受，又珍惜这些亲密的时光 36.treasure these moments of closeness 珍惜这些亲密的时光 37.these moments of closeness 这些亲密的时光 38.treasure the moment of... 珍惜……的时刻 39.depend on/upon 依靠；依赖；取决于 40.depend on such opportunities for comfort and protection 依靠这样的机会获得慰藉与庇护 41.find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses  更容易看清他人的缺点 42.find it easier to do sth.  做某事更容易 43.find+it+adj.(+for sb./sth.)+to do sth.  发现（做某事）是…… 的（it 作形式宾语） 44.as a result 结果 45.on the other hand 另一方面 ※用于引出不同的或对立的观点、思想等。 46.be better able to offer advice on important decisions 更能够就重大抉择提供建议 47.offer advice on... 在……方面提供建议；(主动)提供关于……的建议 48.talk our problems over with a friend  和朋友详谈我们遇到的问题 49.talk sth.over 详细讨论/详谈某事 50.talk sth.over with sb. 和某人详细讨论/详谈某事(以达成协议或作出决定) 51.put one's thoughts/feelings into words 用语言表达自己的思想/感觉 52.make our thoughts clearer  让我们的思路更加清晰 53.bring us a more thorough understanding of our problems  让我们对自身的问题有更为透彻的理解 54.a thorough understanding of...  透彻理解…… 55.in many different ways  以许多不同的方式 56.be even known as...  甚至被称为…… 57.be known as...  被称为…… 58.point out  指出 59.enjoy the company of...  享受……的陪伴；喜欢和……在一起 60.enjoy the company of a crowd  享受一帮人的陪伴 61.a crowd of/crowds of  一群 / 成群的…… 62.be not the same as doing sth.  与做某事并不一样 63.in this way  这样，用这种方法 Extended reading-重要句型 1.As we walk the "path of life",we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts... …走在“人生的道路”上，有时我们可能希望独自思考…… 2.However,when we seek to be alone,we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world. 不过，在追求独处时，须小心，我们不能总是逃入自我的世界中。 3.More often than not,close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel. 通常，亲密的友情能助我们踏平时而坎坷却又注定要经过的道路。 4.As we live in social groups,there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy. 因为我们置身于社会群体中，我们可以享受到友谊的诸多益处。 5....they may comfort the heart,advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves. ……抚慰心灵，启迪思维，帮我们实现既定目标。 6.The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy,sadness, success and failure. 友谊的第一个硕果来自和友人分享我们的喜悲成败所带来的平和心境。 7....happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! ……幸福有了更大的意义，而麻烦在分担之后减半! 8.We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own. 我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。 9.Finally,it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. 最后，需要指出的是，与众人为伍不等于有朋友相伴。 10.They admired each other and quickly became friends. 他们互相欣赏，很快就成了朋友。 Extended reading--全文翻译 Of Friendship As we walk the “path of life”,we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts,for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement.However,when we seek to be alone,we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world.Social life is also important to us.More often than not,close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel. As we live in social groups,there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy.Generally speaking,close friendships have three“fruits”:they may comfort the heart,advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves.Through friendship,we can become happier,wiser and more satisfied humans. The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy,sadness, success and failure.Here,friendship has a double advantage—happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved!Naturally,this kind of openness results from a close friendship.With true friends,we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure. We know that our friends will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness. Indeed,the human heart depends on such opportunities for comfort and protection. The second fruit of friendship is the better understanding and judgement that may be achieved through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends.We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own.As a result,if we are guided only by our own feelings,our judgements might be one-sided.On the other hand,our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make.Also,when we want to talk our problems over with a friend,we have to put our thoughts into words first.This alone helps make our thoughts clearer and brings us a more thorough understanding of our problems. The third fruit of friendship is the help that a friend may offer in many different ways. Sometimes a friend is even known as our “second self”.There are so many things in life that can only be achieved with the help of friends.Friends may have many different ideas and skills.They can help us achieve what we want during life and,perhaps,even after death. Finally,it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed.In this way,we can better walk the “path of life”with the comfort,advice and help from our trusted friends. (Adapted from“Of Friendship”,an essay written by Francis Bacon,a great English writer, scientist and philosopher) 论友谊 当我们走在“人生之路”上时，我们有时可能希望独自思考，因为安静的思考可以带来个人的进步。然而，当我们试图独处的时候，我们必须小心，不要总是逃避到自己的世界里去。社交生活对我们也很重要。通常情况下，亲密的友谊会有助于把我们每个人偶尔必经的崎岖道路变得平坦。 由于我们生活在社会群体中,我们可以享受友谊带来的许多好处。一般来说,亲密的友谊有三种“硕果”:它们可以抚慰心灵、启迪思维、帮助我们实现为自己设定的目标。通过友谊,我们可以成为更快乐、更聪明、更满足的人。 友谊的第一个硕果是内心的平和，它来自与朋友分享我们的喜悦和悲伤、成功与失败。在这种情境下，友谊有双重优势——幸福有更大的意义，而烦恼在被分担之后减半!当然，这种分享来自亲密的友谊。有了真正的朋友，我们可以尽情地分享快乐和悲伤。我们知道，朋友会尊重我们的感受，珍惜这些亲密的时刻。实际上，人类的心灵依赖这种寻求安慰和保护的机会。 友谊的第二个硕果是更好的理解和判断，这可以通过与善意且有智慧的朋友交谈来实现。我们经常发现意识到别人的缺点要比意识到自身的(缺点)更容易。因此，如果我们只被自己的感情所支配，我们的判断就可能是片面的。另一方面，我们的朋友能够更好地就我们必须作出的重要决定提供建议。此外，当我们想和朋友讨论我们的问题时，我们必须先把想法用语言表达出来。这就有助于使我们的想法更清晰，使我们对问题有更透彻的理解。 友谊的第三个硕果是朋友可以通过许多不同的方式提供帮助。有时，朋友甚至被认为是我们的“第二个自我”。生活中有很多事情只能在朋友的帮助下才能完成。朋友可能有许多不同的想法和技能。他们可以帮助我们在有生之年，甚至在死后，获得我们想要的东西。 最后，应该指出，与一群人在一起和与朋友在一起，不是一回事。慎重选择朋友，精心培养友谊。这样，我们才能在值得信赖的朋友的安慰、建议和帮助下更好地走“人生之路”。 （改编自英格兰著名作家、科学家、哲学家弗朗西斯·培根的《论友谊》) Extended reading-重要拓展短语 1.write a summary of the essay  写这篇文章的摘要 2.the main points and key ideas  要点与核心思想 3.express these ideas in your own words 用你自己的话表达这些观点 4.include supporting details or background knowledge 包含佐证细节或背景知识 5.your personal opinion  你的个人观点 6.when to be independent  何时保持独立 7.ask for the help  寻求帮助 8.search for information from different sources 从不同渠道搜集信息 9.search for  搜索，寻找 10.official sources  官方来源 11.put together your information  整理你的信息 12.in Chinese history  在中国历史上 13.form a lasting friendship  建立一段持久的友谊 14.come down to  流传至…… 15.come down to this very day  流传至今 16.a well-known poet  一位著名诗人 17.admire each other  互相欣赏 18.a couple of times during their lives  在他们的一生中数次 19.one’s shared love of poems kept them close together 共同对诗歌的热爱让他们彼此关系紧密 20.shared interests form the basis of true friendship 共同的爱好构成真挚友谊的基础 21.ties one heart to the other  将两颗心紧紧相连 22.no matter how far away they are from each other 无论彼此相隔多远 23.a classical novel  一部古典小说 24.try to stay connected  尽力保持联系 25.a heart-warming story about  一个关于…… 的暖心故事 26.what happens to sb.  某人发生了什么事 Project-C-全文翻译 Li Bai and Du Fu,two of the greatest poets in Chinese history,formed a lasting friendship. Stories of their friendship have come down to this very day. The two poets first met in the year 744,when Li Bai,already a well-known poet,was 43 years of age and Du Fu was 32.They admired each other and quickly became friends.Though the two poets met only a couple of times during their lives,their shared love of poems kept them close together.They wrote many poems to and about each other.In one poem,Du Fu wrote: When can we again hold a cup of wine,And chat about poem-writing line by line? (From"Missing Li Bai on a Spring Day") The relationship between Li Bai and Du Fu shows that shared interests form the basis of true friendship,which ties one heart to the other no matter how far away they are from each other. 中国历史上两位最伟大的诗人，李白和杜甫，建立了历久不渝的友情。有关两人友情的故事流传至今。 两位诗人在744年初次相识，当时的李白43岁，已是名满天下的诗人，而杜甫是32岁。他们互相仰慕，很快成为朋友。尽管两位诗人有生之年仅有数面之缘，但对诗歌的共同热爱却将两人紧紧相连。他们有很多诗作都是互相题献和言及对方的。杜甫在一首诗中写道： 何时一樽酒，重与细论文。 (出自《春日忆李白》) 从李杜之谊可见，共同的兴趣构成了真挚友情的基础，有了它，两人即便身隔天涯，依然能心如咫尺。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $