Unit 1 The Changing World 一般过去时和现在完成时（核心语法精练）-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】2026-2027学年英语九年级上册（人教版）

该初中英语学习任务单以“Unit 1 The Changing World”为主题，聚焦一般过去时与现在完成时的核心语法，通过“核心语法回顾-专项能力突破-解题综合提升”的递进式模块设计，结合表格梳理时态含义、标志词等关键要素及思维导图构建知识框架，引导学生从基础认知到综合应用，形成连贯的语法学习路径。 亮点在于主题语境与语法实践的深度融合，如语法选择Passage 1以Cameron在中国的经历为语篇载体，短文填空围绕家乡变化展开，引导学生在真实情境中分析时态差异，培养语言能力和思维品质。题型涵盖选择、填空、语篇应用等，提供分层练习，既巩固语法规则又提升语用能力，为教师实施单元复习提供系统且针对性的教学支持。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 1 The Changing World （新教材人教版） （一般过去时和现在完成时） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格梳理了一般过去时与现在完成时的核心含义、标志词、句子结构、动词过去式变化规则，以及现在完成时的延续性用法、短暂性动词向延续性动词的转换和 has been to / has gone to 的辨析，清晰呈现两大时态的异同。 模块 内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一般过去时 核心含义 单纯陈述过去发生的动作或存在的状态，动作已结束，和现在无关联 I visited Beijing last summer.（去年夏天去的，现在不在北京） 时间标志词 必须搭配明确、具体的过去时间状语：yesterday、…ago、last…、just now、in + 过去年份、then、at that time He left ten minutes ago.（十分钟前走了，人已离开） 句子结构 肯定：主语 + 动词过去式 否定：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 疑问：Did + 主语 + 动词原形？ —Did you go to the park? —Yes, I did. 规则变化 1.大多数加 ed（want→wanted）；2.e 结尾加 d（hope→hoped, live→lived）；3.辅音字母 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 再加 ed（study→studied）；4.重读辅元辅双写（stop→stopped, plan→planned） They planned a trip yesterday. 不规则变化 go→went, do→did, see→saw, buy→bought, eat→ate, take→took, come→came, give→gave, know→knew, fall→fell She ate an apple this morning. 现在完成时 核心含义 动作始于过去，侧重对现在产生的结果或影响；或动作从过去持续到现在 I have visited Beijing.（去过北京，有经历） 时间标志词 already（肯）、yet（疑/否）、ever（曾经）、never（从没）、just、before、so far、since（点/从句）、for（段）、in the past few years He has already finished his homework. 句子结构 肯定：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 否定：主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词 疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ —Have you ever been to Shanghai? —No, never. 延续性用法 与 for / since 连用，表示动作或状态从过去持续到现在 We have lived here since 2010. 短暂→延续 与一段时间连用时，非延续动词须转换：buy→have、borrow→keep、leave→be away、die→be dead、begin→be on、finish→be over、join→be in He has been away for two weeks.（不用 has left） 易混辨析 has been to 去过已回；has gone to 去了未回 —Where is Tom? —He has gone to the library. 使用注意事项 1. 一般过去时强调动作发生在过去且已结束，必须搭配明确的过去时间状语（yesterday、last week、…ago、just now 等）；现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响或持续到现在，不接具体过去时间点。 2. 现在完成时的标志词要记牢：already 用于肯定句，yet 用于疑问句/否定句，ever/never 表经历，for + 时间段、since + 时间点/从句表持续；so far、in the past few years 也是高频标志。 3. 动词过去式规则变化四招：直接加 ed；e 结尾加 d；辅音字母 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 再加 ed；重读闭音节（辅元辅）结尾双写末尾辅音再加 ed。 4. 与 for / since 等时间段连用时，短暂性动词（buy、borrow、leave、die、begin、join 等）必须转换为延续性表达（have、keep、be away、be dead、be on、be in），否则句子错误。 5. has been to 表示“去过某地（已回来）”，has gone to 表示“去了某地（尚未回来）”，两者不可混用；Where is sb? 这类问句常用 has gone to 作答。 6. 一般过去时否定/疑问借助 did，后面动词回归原形；现在完成时否定/疑问借助 have/has，后面接过去分词，注意人称与单复数（has / have）的搭配。 一、单项选择 1．—Did you go to the science museum with your class yesterday? —No, I ________. I had a cold and stayed in bed. A．don’t B．didn’t C．wasn’t D．haven’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你昨天和同学去科学博物馆了吗？——不，我没去。我感冒了，躺在床上。问句以 Did 开头的一般过去时，否定简略回答用 didn’t（后接主语）。故选 B。 2．My cousin ________ a model plane by himself two days ago. A．builds B．built C．has built D．is building 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我表弟两天前自己拼好了一架模型飞机。时间状语 two days ago 表明动作发生在过去且已结束，用一般过去时，build 的过去式是 built。故选 B。 3．Great changes ________ in my hometown since we moved to the city in 2015. A．take place B．took place C．have taken place D．are taking place 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从 2015 年我们搬进城里，家乡发生了巨大变化。since 引导的时间状语是现在完成时的标志，主语 changes 与 take place 是主动关系，用 have taken place（take place 无被动）。故选 C。 4．—________ you ever ________ the Great Wall? —Not yet, but I hope to visit it this summer. A．Have; gone to B．Have; been to C．Did; go to D．Do; go to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过长城吗？——还没有，但我希望今年夏天去。ever 是现在完成时标志，询问“曾经去过（已回）”用 Have you ever been to…。gone to 表示去了未回，不符语境。故选 B。 5．We ________ each other since we were in the same primary school. A．know B．knew C．have known D．will know 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从我们就读同一所小学，我们就彼此认识。since 从句表明从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时 have known。故选 C。 6．—Where is Linda? —She ________ the teachers’ office to hand in her homework. She will be back soon. A．has been to B．has gone to C．went to D．goes to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——琳达在哪儿？——她去老师办公室交作业了，马上回来。人现在不在，去了未回，用 has gone to。has been to 表示去过已回，不符。故选 B。 7．The old post office ________ for over thirty years, but it still looks clean and new. A．has opened B．has been open C．opened D．was open 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这家老邮局开张三十多年了，但看起来仍然干净崭新。for + 时间段要求用延续性状态，open 作动词是短暂的，须用 be open 的完成时 has been open。故选 B。 8．I ________ an interesting book about space just now, and I can’t wait to read it. A．read B．have read C．reads D．will read 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我刚才读了一本关于太空的有趣的书，迫不及待想读它。just now（刚才）是明确的过去时间状语，用一般过去时，read 的过去式同形 read。故选 A。 9．—How long ________ you ________ this bicycle? —For about two years. A．have; bought B．have; had C．did; buy D．do; have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这辆自行车你买了多久了？——大约两年了。how long 与 for + 时间段连用，buy 是短暂动词须转换为 have，且询问持续状态用现在完成时 have had。故选 B。 10．Tom ________ his keys. He can’t find them anywhere in the room. A．loses B．lost C．has lost D．will lose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：汤姆把钥匙弄丢了，他在房间里哪儿都找不到。钥匙现在找不到，强调过去动作对现在的影响（丢了→找不着），用现在完成时 has lost。故选 C。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．We ________ (watch) a wonderful football match on TV last night. 【答案】watched 【详解】句意：昨晚我们在电视上看了一场精彩的足球赛。时间状语 last night 表过去，用一般过去时，watch 的过去式 watched。 2．The little boy ________ (fall) off his bike and hurt his knee yesterday. 【答案】fell 【详解】句意：这个小男孩昨天从自行车上摔下来，磕破了膝盖。yesterday 表过去，fall 是不规则动词，过去式 fell。 3．My aunt ________ (work) in this hospital since 2008. 【答案】has worked 【详解】句意：我姑姑自 2008 年起就在这家医院工作。since 2008 是现在完成时标志，主语 aunt 为单数，用 has worked。 4．Lucy ________ (just / finish) her science project, so she is free now. 【答案】has just finished 【详解】句意：露西刚完成了她的科学项目，所以现在有空了。just 是现在完成时标志，主语 Lucy 单数，用 has just finished。 5．They ________ (not / see) the new movie yet, so we can watch it together. 【答案】haven’t seen 【详解】句意：他们还没看过那部新电影，所以我们可以一起看。yet 用于现在完成时否定句，主语 they 复数，用 haven’t seen。 6．He ________ (live) in Beijing for ten years and knows the city well. 【答案】has lived 【详解】句意：他在北京住了十年，对这座城市很熟悉。for ten years 与延续性动词 live 连用，用现在完成时 has lived。 7．I ________ (meet) an old friend of mine in the supermarket two days ago. 【答案】met 【详解】句意：两天前我在超市遇到了一位老朋友。two days ago 表过去，meet 的不规则过去式 met。 8．So far, the volunteers ________ (plant) over 1,000 trees in the park. 【答案】have planted 【详解】句意：迄今为止，志愿者们已在公园种下了一千多棵树。so far 是现在完成时标志，主语 volunteers 复数，用 have planted。 9．—Where is Tony? —He ________ (go) to the library to borrow some books. 【答案】has gone 【详解】句意：——托尼在哪儿？——他去图书馆借书了。人不在现场、去了未回，用现在完成时 has gone（go 的过去分词 gone）。 10．The workers ________ (build) the new bridge across the river last year. 【答案】built 【详解】句意：工人们去年建成了跨河的新桥。last year 表过去，build 的过去式 built。 三、按要求完成句子 1．Tom left his hometown five years ago. (改为同义句) Tom has ________ ________ his hometown for five years. 【答案】 been away from 【详解】句意：汤姆五年前离开了家乡。原句 leave 是短暂性动词，与 for + 时间段连用的同义句须转换为延续性表达 be away from，且用现在完成时 has been away from。 2．我姐姐已经学英语十年了。 My sister ________ ________ English ________ ten years. 【答案】 has studied for 【详解】句意：我姐姐已经学英语十年了。“for + 时间段”表持续，用现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词；主语 sister 单数，助动词用 has；study 的过去分词 studied。 3．They visited the science museum last month. (改为否定句) They ________ ________ the science museum last month. 【答案】 didn’t visit 【详解】句意：他们上个月参观了科学博物馆。一般过去时实义动词 visit 的否定，借助 didn’t，后接动词原形 visit；last month 保留作过去时间状语。 4．She has already finished her homework. (改为一般疑问句) ________ she ________ her homework ________? 【答案】 Has finished yet 【详解】句意：她已经完成了作业。现在完成时改一般疑问句将 Has 提至句首；already 用于肯定句，疑问句中改为 yet 并置于句末。 5．The film began ten minutes ago. (改为同义句) The film ________ ________ ________ for ten minutes. 【答案】 has been on 【详解】句意：电影十分钟前开始。begin 是短暂性动词，与 for + 时间段连用的同义句须转换为 be on（上映中），用现在完成时 has been on。 6．—你曾经去过北京吗？ —不，从未去过。 —________ you ever ________ ________ Beijing? —No, ________. 【答案】 Have been to never 【详解】句意：你曾经去过北京吗？不，从未去过。ever 标志现在完成时，询问“去过（已回）”用 Have you ever been to…；否定回答“从未”用 never。 7．He went to bed at ten o’clock last night. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ he ________ to bed last night? 【答案】 When did go 【详解】句意：他昨晚十点钟上床睡觉。对具体过去时间点 at ten o’clock 提问用 When；原句为一般过去时，借助 did，后接动词原形 go。 8．We have known each other since 1. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ have you ________ each other? 【答案】 How long known 【详解】句意：我们自 2018 年起就彼此认识。对 since 2018 这一持续起点提问，问“多长时间”用 How long；现在完成时中 know 的过去分词仍是 known。 9．这本字典你买了多久了？ How long ________ you ________ this dictionary? 【答案】 have had 【详解】句意：这本字典你买了多久了？how long 与一段时间连用，buy 须转换为延续性 have，且用现在完成时 have had；主语 you 配 have。 10．My brother joined the army in 2020. (改为同义句) My brother ________ ________ ________ the army since 2020. 【答案】 has been in 【详解】句意：我哥哥 2020 年参军。join 是短暂性动词，与 since 2020 连用的同义句须转换为延续性 be in，用现在完成时 has been in。 四、语法选择 Passage 1 Cameron Patterson, a British student, spent his childhood in China. He 2 many great changes in the country over the past 15 years, especially trains. At 3 age of 8, Patterson moved from Wales to live with his parents in Shanxi. In the following years, he and his parents lived in a few cities. They also 4 a lot during holidays. However, travelling itself wasn’t always relaxing. When his family moved from Jiangsu to Guangdong, they took the old green train and spent more than 20 hours 5 the trip. Now with high-speed trains, life has become much 6 . Long and boring trips in the past have become shorter. Also, the modern trains are more comfortable.“A coin wouldn’t move at all on the table of a fast-moving train,” he said 7 . Patterson was glad 8 these changes in China, but he also wondered how they happened. 9 he read a poem about China’s role model (榜样) Jiao Yulu in 2015, he got the answer. Jiao was seriously ill at a young age, 10 he still kept working to help people till the end of his life. Jiao devoted (献身) himself to improving people’s lives. “He was really great. I learn a lot from 10 ,” said Patterson. Patterson now works as a Confucius Institute volunteer at Lancaster University. “I’m proud to act as a bridge between the UK and China and help people from these two countries know about each other’s cultures better,” he said happily. 1. A．noticed B．has noticed C．would notice 2. A．a B．an C．the 3. A．travelled B．travel C．travels 4. A．at B．on C．to 5. A．easy B．the easiest C．easier 6. A．excited B．excitedly C．excite 7. A．to see B．see C．seeing 8. A．Because B．When C．If 9. A．and B．but C．or 10. A．himself B．he C．him 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了英国学生Cameron Patterson在中国的成长经历，见证了中国高铁带来的巨大便利与发展变迁，并深受榜样Jiao Yulu奉献精神的感染，如今致力于中英文化交流的故事。 【详解】1. 句意：在过去的15年里，他注意到了这个国家的许多巨大变化，尤其是火车。 根据时间状语“over the past 15 years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在并对现在产生影响，应用现在完成时，主语He为第三人称单数，应选用has noticed。noticed为一般过去时，would notice为过去将来时，均不符合时态要求。 2. 句意：在8岁时，Patterson从威尔士搬到山西和父母一起生活。 根据空后的“age of 8”可知，此处是固定搭配at the age of表示“在……岁时”，应选用the。 3. 句意：在假期里他们也经常去旅行。 根据前句“he and his parents lived in a few cities”可知，整段叙述过去在中国的生活经历，时态需保持一致，应用一般过去时，应选用travelled。travel为动词原形，travels为第三人称单数形式，均不符合时态要求。 4. 句意：当他家从江苏搬到广东时，他们乘坐老旧的绿皮火车，在旅途上花了 20 多个小时。 根据空前的“spent more than 20 hours”可知，此处是固定搭配spend time on sth.表示“在某事上花费时间”，应选用on。 5. 句意：现在有了高铁，生活变得轻松得多了。 根据空前的程度副词“much”以及后句“Long and boring trips in the past have become shorter.”的对比可知，此处需用形容词的比较级修饰高铁带来的变化，应选用easier表示“更轻松的”。easy为原级，the easiest为最高级，均不符合比较语境。 6. 句意：“在一列飞速行驶的火车桌上，一枚硬币根本不会移动，”他兴奋地说道。 根据空前的主谓结构“he said”可知，此处需要用副词修饰动词said，应选用excitedly表示“兴奋地”。excited为形容词，excite为动词原形，均不能修饰动词。 7. 句意：Patterson很高兴看到中国的这些变化，但他也好奇这些变化是如何发生的。 根据空前的“was glad”可知，此处是固定句型be glad to do sth.表示“很高兴做某事”，后需接动词不定式，应选用to see。see为动词原形，seeing为动名词，均不符合句型语法。 8. 句意：当他在2015年读到一首关于中国榜样Jiao Yulu的诗时，他得到了答案。 根据空后的“he read a poem…in 2015”以及主句“he got the answer”可知，此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，应选用When。Because“因为”，If“如果”，均不符合时间顺承逻辑。 9. 句意：Jiao在年轻时就身患重病，但他依然坚持工作，帮助他人，直到生命的终点。 根据前半句“was seriously ill”与后半句“still kept working”之间的语义转折关系可知，此处需用转折连词，应选用but表示“但是”。and“和”，or“或者”，均不符合转折逻辑。 10. 句意：“他真的很伟大。我从他身上学到了很多，”Patterson说道。 根据空前的介词“from”可知，介词后需接人称代词宾格作宾语代指Jiao，应选用him。himself为反身代词，he为主格，均不符合语法要求。 Passage 2 In 2024, the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Bridge across the Pearl River will be open. It will cut travel time 1 the two cities from two hours to about 30 minutes. 2 convenient it will be! The bridge crosses the sea. It connects two bridges, two islands, underwater channels 3 a two-way eight-lane tunnel (八车道隧道). 320,000 tons of steel 4 to build the two-way eight-lane tunnel in the past 7 years. It will be 5 tunnel in the world. The connection is made up of 19 bridges, the longest of which is 10 kilometers. The bridge is 6 important project of the country’s 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020). It is expected to improve communication in the Greater Bay Area (大湾区). The area 7 Hong Kong, Macao and Guangdong Province. Chen Lei was born in Zhongshan, but he chose 8 in Shenzhen. He said, “It would be more convenient for me to visit 9 parents. More Shenzhen-based companies and factories will 10 set up offices and build houses in Zhongshan. I believe the bridge will be good for all the connected parts in Guangdong Province.” 1. A．among B．between C．about 2. A．What a B．What an C．How 3. A．but B．and C．or 4. A．needed B．are needed C．were needed 5. A．wide B．the widest C．wider 6. A．an B．a C．the 7. A．covers B．covered C．was covering 8. A．work B．to work C．working 9. A．me B．mine C．my 10. A．slow B．slowly C．slowness 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕深中通道展开，介绍了该通道的开通时间、工程构成、战略地位，以及它对大湾区交流和居民生活的积极影响。 1. 句意：它将把两座城市之间的通行时间从2小时缩短到约30分钟。 among在三者及以上之间；between在两者之间；about关于。根据“the two cities”可知，此处指两座城市之间，用between。故选B。 2. 句意：这将会多么方便啊！ What a用于修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；What an用于修饰以元音音素开头的单词；How用于修饰形容词或副词。此感叹句的中心词是形容词“convenient”，应用How引导。故选C。 3. 句意：它连接了两座桥、两个岛、水下通道和一条双向八车道隧道。 but但是，表示转折；and和，表示并列；or或者，表示选择。根据“two bridges, two islands, underwater channels…a two-way eight-lane tunnel”可知，该句为肯定句，此处是多个事物的并列，用and。故选B。 4. 句意：过去7年里，建造这条双向八车道隧道需要32万吨钢材。 needed需要，动词过去式；are needed被需要，一般现在时的被动语态；were needed被需要，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“in the past 7 years”以及“steel”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，因为钢材是动作的承受者，且动作发生在过去。故选C。 5. 句意：它将是世界上最宽的隧道。 wide宽的，形容词原级；the widest最宽的，定冠词+形容词最高级；wider更宽的，形容词比较级。根据“in the world”可知，表示世界范围内的比较，用最高级。故选B。 6. 句意：这座大桥是国家“十三五”规划(2016-2020)的一项重要工程。 an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前，表示泛指；a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前，表示泛指；the这，表示特指。此处泛指“一个重要的工程”，且important元音音素开头，空格处应用an。故选A。 7. 句意：该区域涵盖香港、澳门和广东省。 covers覆盖，动词第三人称单数形式；covered覆盖，动词过去式；was covering正在覆盖，过去进行时。根据“The area…Hong Kong, Macao and Guangdong Province.”可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The area是单数，动词用第三人称单数形式covers。故选A。 8. 句意：陈磊出生在中山，但他选择在深圳工作。 work工作，动词原形；to work工作，动词不定式；working工作，动名词。根据“chose”可知，choose to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，所以空处使用动词不定式。故选B。 9. 句意：我去看望父母会更方便。 me我，人称代词宾格；mine我的，名词性物主代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词。根据名词“parents”可知，空格处应用形容词性物主代词my修饰名词。故选C。 10. 句意：更多总部位于深圳的企业和工厂将陆续在中山设立办事处、兴建厂房。 slow缓慢的，形容词；slowly缓慢地，副词；slowness缓慢，名词。根据“set up offices and build houses in Zhongshan”可知，空格处缺少副词修饰动词短语set up和动词build。故选B。 Passage 3 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 On October 26, 2018, “Time Museum”, an interesting museum created by People’s Daily, appeared in Beijing. After that, the red museum caught many people’s eyes 1 . “Time Museum” introduces the development and changes of our country 2 the reform and opening-up (改革开放). It also tells about the changes in 3 daily life in clothing, food, housing, transportation, education and so on. On the morning of April 21, 2023, the Time Museum exhibition 4 to Nanjing. There were six areas in this exhibition. Walking into them, we 5 enjoy the beauty of nature in the green mountains and rivers. The exhibition 6 helped us feel the charm (魅力) of new science and technology and achievements (成就) in the field of space. Besides, there were different 7 of cultural performances (表演), such as Kunqu opera from Jiangsu Province. Zhou Shifa, 8 80-year-old man, stopped at the “Fuxing” high-speed train experience area. “The country 9 so much over the years. Our life today is much better than it used to be,” he said happily. “We’ve seen all this progress ourselves. This exhibition is very special 10 I’m very pleased with it.” 1. A．quickly B．quicker C．quickest 2. A．since B．from C．with 3. A．we B．us C．our 4. A．comes B．came C．has come 5. A．could B．should C．must 6. A．too B．also C．either 7. A．kind B．kind’s C．kinds 8. A．a B．an C．the 9. A．is changing B．will change C．has changed 10. A．and B．but C．because 【答案】 1. A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了2018年亮相北京的人民日报“时光博物馆”，2023年巡展至南京，通过多个展区、多种文化表演，展现了我国改革开放以来的发展变化及人们日常生活的变迁，获得了观众认可。 1. 句意：之后，这座红色的博物馆很快吸引了很多人的目光。 quickly快速地；quicker更快的；quickest最快的。根据“an interesting museum created by People’s Daily, appeared in Beijing. After that, the red museum caught many people’s eye”可知，由人民日报打造的有趣博物馆亮相北京后，很快吸引了人们的目光，此处修饰动词caught需用副词，故选A。 2. 句意：“时光博物馆”介绍了我国自改革开放以来的发展变化。 since自从；from来自；with和。根据“the development and changes of our country”及“the reform and opening-up”可知，博物馆展示的是改革开放以来国家的发展变化，“发展变化”是从过去持续到现在的过程，故选A。 3. 句意：它还讲述了我们日常生活中在衣、食、住、行、教育等方面的变化。 we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。根据“daily life”可知，此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词短语，文中多次提及“our country”“our life”，体现“我们的”生活变化，故选C。 4. 句意：2023年4月21日上午，时光博物馆巡展来到了南京。 comes来，第三人称单数；came来，过去式；has come已经来，现在完成时。根据“On the morning of April 21, 2023”可知，具体过去时间点发生的动作需用一般过去时，故选B。 5. 句意：走进这些展区，我们可以欣赏到青山绿水间的自然之美。 could可以、能够；should应该；must必须。根据“Walking into them, we...enjoy the beauty of nature”可知，进入展区后，人们能够欣赏到自然之美，此处表示“能够”的含义，故选A。 6. 句意：这次展览还帮助我们感受到了新科技的魅力以及航天领域的成就。 too也，用于肯定句末；also也，用于肯定句中；either也，用于否定句末。根据“enjoy the beauty of nature”及后文“feel the charm of new science and technology”可知，展览既让人欣赏自然之美，还能感受科技魅力，此处用于句中表示“也”，故选B。 7. 句意：此外，还有不同种类的文化表演，比如江苏省的昆曲。 kind种类；kind’s，所有格形式，无此常用搭配；kinds种类，复数。根据“different”及“such as Kunqu opera”可知，展览中有昆曲等不同种类的表演，“different”后需接复数名词，故选C。 8. 句意：一位80岁的老人周世发停在了“复兴号”高铁体验区。 a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指。根据“80-year-old man”可知，此处表示泛指“一位80岁的老人”，“80”以元音音素/eɪ/开头，故选B。 9. 句意：这些年来，国家变化太大了。 is changing正在变化，现在进行时；will change将会变化，一般将来；has changed已经变化，现在完成时。根据“over the years”可知，“over the years”是现在完成时的标志词，体现从过去到现在的变化，故选C。 10. 句意：这个展览非常特别，而且我对它非常满意。 and和、而且；but但是；because因为。根据“This exhibition is very special”及“I’m very pleased with it”可知，展览特别与“我”对它满意是并列关系，故选A。 五、短文填空 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Do you know that the way people communicate 1 (change) greatly in the past few decades? In the past, people wrote letters to keep in touch with 2 (they) friends and family. A letter could take days or even 3 (week) to arrive. Then came the telephone, 4 allowed people to talk to each other directly. Later, the Internet 5 (bring) even more changes. Now we can send emails, text messages, and make video calls. In the future, communication will continue to change. Now scientists 6 (develop) new technologies that may allow us to communicate through our thoughts. It sounds like science fiction, 7 some experts believe it could happen within 50 years. However, no matter how technology develops, the most important thing in communication is still the connection between people. 8 we send a letter or make a video call, what matters is the 9 (feel) we share with each other. Technology just makes it 10 (easy) to stay connected than before. So, let's cherish our relationships and use technology wisely. 【答案】 1. has changed 2. their 3. weeks 4. which 5. brought 6. are developing 7. but 8. Whether 9. feelings 10. easier 【导语】本文介绍了过去几十年来人们沟通方式的巨大变化——从写信到电话再到互联网，并展望了未来可能通过思想进行沟通的技术，最后强调无论技术如何发展，人与人之间的情感连接才是最重要的。 【详解】1. 句意：你知道吗，在过去几十年里人们的交流方式发生了巨大变化。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语；时间短语in the past few decades提示语义与从过去持续到现在的动作相关；主语the way为单数，使用“has + 动词过去分词”。结合所给单词change，故填has changed。 2. 句意：过去，人们写信和他们的亲友保持联系。该处需一个形容词性物主代词，在句中作定语；后面名词friends and family提示语义与“所属关系”相关；修饰名词要用形容词性物主代词，结合所给单词they，故填their。 3. 句意：一封信要花上好几天甚至数周才能送达。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语；并列词days提示语义与“时间单位”相关；even前后名词保持复数，结合所给单词week，故填weeks。 4. 句意：随后出现了电话，它让人们可以直接交谈。该处需一个关系代词，在句中作非限制性定语从句主语；先行词the telephone提示语义指代事物；非限制性定语从句，先行词是物，不能用that，要求使用关系代词which，故填which。 5. 句意：后来，互联网带来了更多改变。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语；Later讲述过去发生的事件提示语义与过去动作相关；陈述过去发生的事，要求使用一般过去时。结合所给单词bring，故填brought。 6. 句意：科学家们现在正在研发新技术，这类技术或许可以让我们通过思想进行交流。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语；Now提示语义与现阶段正在进行的动作相关；主语scientists是复数，使用现在进行时。结合所给单词develop，故填are developing。 7. 句意：这听起来像科幻小说，但是一些专家相信50年内可以实现。该处需一个并列连词，在句中连接两个分句；前后分句一为听起来虚幻、一为专家看好，提示语义表转折，故填but。 8. 句意：无论我们寄信还是打视频电话，重要的是我们彼此分享的情感。该处需一个连词，在句中引导让步状语从句；后文or提示语义为“无论……还是……”；固定搭配whether…or…，句首首字母大写，故填Whether。 9. 句意：无论我们寄信还是打视频电话，重要的是我们彼此分享的情感。该处需一个名词，在句中作表语；定冠词the提示语义与情感相关；the后接名词，此处泛指多种情感，结合所给单词feel，故填feelings。 10. 句意：科技只是让保持联系比从前更加容易。该处需一个形容词，在句中作宾语补足语；than是比较级标志，使用形容词比较级。结合所给单词easy，故填easier。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 My hometown is a small town in the southern part of China. I left my hometown to work in a city fifteen years ago. I tried my best to 1 (do) what I thought would make my life better. It is said that great changes 2 (take) place in my hometown in the past thirty years. Last month I came back to my hometown. It was the 3 (one) time I had come back home. 4 my surprise, my hometown has changed a lot. The environment is getting 5 (beautiful) than fifteen years ago. Trees and flowers are planted everywhere. The streets are wider and cleaner. It is easier for people to travel. In the past, people travelled by bike, 6 now they go to work by bus or by car. It is much faster. What’s more, 7 underground line will be built next year. I am sure travelling will be much better then. When I got home, my parents were waiting for me 8 (happy). We enjoyed 9 (we) at dinner. They told me a lot about the changes in my hometown. I can’t imagine what my hometown will be like in another ten 10 (year) time. 【答案】 1. do 2. have taken 3. first 4. To 5. more beautiful 6. but 7. an 8. happily 9. ourselves 10. years’ 【导语】本文讲述作者时隔十五年重返家乡，目睹家乡发生的巨大变化，抒发对家乡发展的感慨。 【详解】1. 句意：我尽力做了我认为能让我的生活变得更好的事。try one’s best to do sth.意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，固定用法，因此空处应填动词原形do。 2. 句意：据说，我的家乡在过去三十年里发生了巨大的变化。根据“in the past thirty years”可知，此句应用现在完成时，结构为：have/has+过去分词，主语great changes为复数，助动词应用原形have，take的过去分词是taken。 3. 句意：这是我第一次回家。空前定冠词“the”提示此处需填序数词first，表示“第一次”。 4. 句意：令我惊讶的是，我的家乡变化很大。to one’s surprise意为“令某人惊讶的是”，固定用法，因此空处应填介词to，位于句首，首字母应大写。 5. 句意：环境变得比十五年前更加美丽。根据“than”可知，此处应填beautiful的比较级more beautiful。 6. 句意：过去人们骑自行车出行，但现在他们乘公交车或汽车上班。“In the past, people travelled by bike”与“now they go to work by bus or by car”为转折关系，此处需填表示转折关系的连词but。 7. 句意：此外，明年将修建一条地铁线路。“underground line”在文中第一次提到，且此处泛指一条地铁线路，应用不定冠词修饰，underground以元音音素开头，不定冠词应用an。 8. 句意：我回到家时，我的父母正开心地等着我。此处修饰动词短语“waiting for”，应用happy的副词形式happily。 9. 句意：我们晚餐时过得很愉快。enjoy oneself意为“过得愉快”，固定用法，因此此处应用we的反身代词ourselves。 10. 句意：我无法想象十年后我的家乡会是什么样子。此处表示“十年的时间”，ten后面接名词year的复数形式years，修饰名词time需用years的所有格形式years’。 Passage 6 My hometown has changed a lot over the past twenty years. When I was 1 child, the village was very quiet.There was only one small shop and no restaurants. People 2 (use) to have to travel far to buy things they needed. Now, everything is different. New roads have been built and they have connected our village 3 the city.Many new shops and supermarkets have appeared. The government has also built a new hospital 4 (provide) better medical care for the villagers. One of the 5 (big) changes is in education. A new school was opened three years ago. The students used to study in old classrooms with broken windows. Now they have modern classrooms with computers and a library. The environment has 6 (improve) as well.The hills used to be bare (光秃秃的), 7 now they are covered with green trees. The river, which was once polluted, is now clean and clear. People have realized the 8 (important) of protecting the environment. I am happy to see these changes, but I also miss the 9 (peace) life of the past. I believe that if we use the new developments 10 (wise), our hometown will become a better place to live. 【答案】 1. a 2. used 3. with 4. to provide 5. biggest 6. improved 7. but 8. importance 9. peaceful 10. wisely 【导语】本文主要讲述作者的家乡二十年来在生活、交通医疗、教育以及环境方面发生的巨大变化，作者既为改变感到高兴，也怀念过去的宁静生活。 【详解】1. 句意：当我还是一个孩子的时候，这个村子十分安静。空格后“child”为以辅音字母开头的可数名词单数形式，应填a。 2. 句意：人们过去常常要走很远的路去购买他们所需的物品。此处为固定搭配used to do sth.，意为“过去常常做某事”，需用一般过去时，和后文“they needed”时态保持一致，应填used。 3. 句意：新的道路已经建成，它们把我们村庄和城市连接起来。此处为固定搭配connect…with…，意为“把……和……连接起来”，应填with。 4. 句意：政府还修建了一所新医院，为村民提供更好的医疗服务。此处为不定式作目的状语，建医院目的是提供更好医疗，应填to provide。 5. 句意：最大的变化之一在教育方面。空格前“one of the”后接形容词最高级，表示“最……的之一”，应填biggest。 6. 句意：环境也已经得到改善。此处动词作谓语，空格前“has”为现在完成时结构，需用动词过去分词，应填improved。 7. 句意：山丘过去光秃秃的，但是现在长满了绿树。前文提到过去山光秃秃，后文提到现在长满绿树，前后文为转折关系，应填but。 8. 句意：人们已经意识到保护环境的重要性。此处为“the+名词+of”结构，需用名词，the importance of固定短语，意为“……的重要性”，应填importance。 9. 句意：看到这些变化我很开心，但我也怀念过去宁静的生活。此处为“the+形容词+可数名词”结构，需用形容词修饰空格后的名词，应填peaceful。 10. 句意：我相信如果我们合理利用新发展，我们的家乡将会变成更宜居的地方。此处修饰前文动词“use”，需用副词，应填wisely。 六、选词填空 Passage 7 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 farmer  from  he  develop  beauty  still  more  that  convenient  can  too  by In the past 40 years, China has 1 a lot. Recently, many foreigners came to rural China (中国农村). What is the true 2 of rural China through these people’s eyes? Gina, from Italy, returns to the village she visited two years earlier. The local people are 3 friendly to her. She finds 4 everyone in the village lives a happy life that is similar to the life of people in the city during this trip. There are also parks and libraries for local people. What’s 5 , the government sends teachers to help, so students there have chances to receive a much better education. What a happy life they are living! What else? Saran says the transportation is more 6 . High-speed trains and private cars 7 take people everywhere. People can also order what they need and pay online. Some 8 even sell their goods (货物) online. It is different from what happened at the end of the last century. Perhaps you can’t easily imagine an American living in rural Yunnan. 9 name is Linden, a businessman. He is attracted (被吸引) 10 the local traditional culture. He has also experienced the changes in rural China. For him, this experience is a great pleasure. If he has to express (表达) the pleasure in one word, it will be “hope”. 【答案】 1. developed 2. beauty 3. still 4. that 5. more 6. convenient 7. can 8. farmers 9. His 10. by 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章通过外国人的视角展现中国农村在生活、交通、文化等方面的巨大变化及美好现状。 1. 句意：在过去的40年里，中国取得了巨大的发展。通读下文可知中国在生活、交通、文化等方面都有了进步，也就是说中国发展了，动词develop“发展”符合语境，此处应用过去分词developed，与空前助动词“has”构成现在完成时。故填developed。 2. 句意：在这些人的眼中，中国农村真正的美丽是什么？根据“What is the true...of rural China through these people’s eyes?”和下文可知，下文介绍了一些人描述的中国农村的美好现状，也就是中国农村的美丽，不可数名词beauty“美丽”符合语境。故填beauty。 3. 句意：当地人仍然对她很友好。根据上文“Gina, from Italy, returns to the village she visited two years earlier.”和备选词汇可知，此处指Gina再次去那个她以前去过的地方，人们仍然对她很友好，副词still“仍然”符合语境。故填still。 4. 句意：在这次旅行中，她发现村里的每个人都过着与城市人相似且幸福的生活。分析句子结构可知，空后为完整的句子，动词“finds”后应用that引导宾语从句。故填that。 5. 句意：此外，政府派遣教师来提供帮助，所以那里的学生有机会接受更好的教育。what’s more“另外，而且”，为固定搭配。故填more。 6. 句意：Saran说交通更便利了。根据下文“High-speed trains and private cars...take people everywhere.”可知，人们可以乘坐交通工具到处去，由此可知交通应是更便利了，此处应用形容词convenient“便利的”作表语。故填convenient。 7. 句意：高铁和私家车可以带人们去任何地方。根据“High-speed trains and private cars...take people everywhere.”和备选词汇可知，此处指高铁和私家车能够带人们去任何地方，应用情态动词can表示能够；此句陈述事实，用一般现在时，can用原形。故填can。 8. 句意：一些农民甚至在网上销售他们的货物。根据“Some...even sell their goods online.”和备选词汇可知，应是人在网上售卖货物，名词farmer“农民”符合语境；此句是一般现在时，谓语动词“sell”是原形，应用复数名词farmers作主语。故填farmers。 9. 句意：他的名字叫Linden，是个商人。根据“...name is Linden...”和备选词汇可知，“Linden”是男性名字，用代词he指代；修饰名词“name”用形容词性物主代词his“他的”，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填His。 10. 句意：他被当地的传统文化所吸引。be attracted by“被……吸引”，为固定搭配。故填by。 Passage 8 请从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 country  attention  after  play  develop  amaze  since  easy  before  difficult  a  much Recently, a very simple sentence “Amazing, my motherland!” has become widely known in China. As we know, China has 1 quickly these years. It has already become one of the most important 2 in the world. Foreigners pay more 3 to the ancient Eastern country of China. Helen is 4 exchange student. She has been in China 5 two years ago. She is studying in a university in China now. Great changes have made her 6 . “I think finding jobs is 7 in China than in my country. I will work here 8 I finish my studies.” Helen said. In China, we can find new buildings everywhere. The changes are 9 greater than before. The achievement is so surprising. China is developing trade and friendship with other countries. China is 10 an important role in the world. 【答案】 1. developed 2. countries 3. attention 4. an 5. since 6. amazed 7. easier 8. after 9. much 10. playing 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以一句“厉害了，我的国”开篇，通过交换生Helen的视角，讲述了中国近年来飞速发展、国际地位提升的现状以及取得的巨大成就。 【详解】1. 句意：正如我们所知，中国这些年发展得很快。根据“As we know, China has…quickly these years.”可知，中国这些年发展得很快。句中有助动词has，且时间状语these years暗示动作持续至今或对现在有影响，应用现在完成时。develop意为“发展”，过去分词为developed。故填developed。 2. 句意：它已经成为世界上最重要的国家之一。根据“It has already become one of the most important…in the world.”可知，中国已经成为世界上最重要的国家之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示 “最……之一”。country意为“国家”，其复数形式为countries。故填countries。 3. 句意：外国人越来越关注中国这个古老的东方国家。根据“Foreigners pay more…to the ancient Eastern country of China.”可知，此处指外国人越来越关注中国。pay attention to是固定搭配，意为“关注；注意”。故填attention。 4. 句意：Helen是一名交换生。根据“Helen is…exchange student.”可知，此处表示Helen是一名交换生，表泛指。exchange以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 5. 句意：她从两年前就来到了中国。根据“She has been in China…two years ago.”可知，Helen从两年前就来到了中国。句中谓语动词has been是现在完成时，而two years ago是过去时间点。since常与现在完成时连用，接过去时间点，表示“自从……以来”。故填since。 6. 句意：巨大的变化让她感到惊讶。根据“Great changes have made her…”可知，巨大的变化让Helen感到惊讶。make sb.+adj.意为“使某人……”。amaze是动词，其形容词形式amazed意为“感到惊讶的”，常修饰人。故填amazed。 7. 句意：Helen说：“我觉得在中国找工作比在我的国家更容易。” 根据“I think finding jobs is…in China than in my country.”可知，句中有than，说明此处在将中国找工作的情况与她国家进行比较，应用形容词比较级。结合前文中国发展迅速的语境，找工作应是更容易的。easy“容易的”的比较级是easier。故填easier。 8. 句意：“我完成学业后会留在这里工作。” 根据“I will work here…I finish my studies.”可知，Helen计划在完成学业之后留在中国工作。after意为“在……之后”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。故填after。 9. 句意：这些巨大的变化比以前大得多。根据“The changes are…greater than before.”可知，这些巨大的变化比以前大得多。此处有than，表示比较。much可以修饰比较级greater。故填much。 10. 句意：中国正在世界上扮演着重要的角色。根据“China is…an important role in the world.”可知，中国正在世界上扮演着重要的角色。play a role是固定搭配，意为“扮演角色；发挥作用”。句子中有be动词is，此处构成现在进行时。故填playing。 18 / 20乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 1 The Changing World (新教材人教版) (一般过去时和现在完成时) 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格梳理了一般过去时与现在完成时的核心含义、标志词、句子结构、动词过去式变化规则,以及现在完成时的延续性用法、短暂性动词向延续性动词的转换和 has been to / has gone to 的辨析,清晰呈现两大时态的异同。 模块 内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一般过去时 核心含义 单纯陈述过去发生的动作或存在的状态,动作已结束,和现在无关联 I visited Beijing last summer.(去年夏天去的,现在不在北京) 时间标志词 必须搭配明确、具体的过去时间状语:yesterday、…ago、last…、just now、in + 过去年份、then、at that time He left ten minutes ago.(十分钟前走了,人已离开) 句子结构 肯定:主语 + 动词过去式 否定:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 疑问:Did + 主语 + 动词原形? —Did you go to the park? —Yes, I did. 规则变化 1.大多数加 ed(want wanted);2.e 结尾加 d(hope hoped, live lived);3.辅音字母 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 再加 ed(study studied);4.重读辅元辅双写(stop stopped, plan planned) They planned a trip yesterday. 不规则变化 go went, do did, see saw, buy bought, eat ate, take took, come came, give gave, know knew, fall fell She ate an apple this morning. 现在完成时 核心含义 动作始于过去,侧重对现在产生的结果或影响;或动作从过去持续到现在 I have visited Beijing.(去过北京,有经历) 时间标志词 already(肯)、yet(疑/否)、ever(曾经)、never(从没)、just、before、so far、since(点/从句)、for(段)、in the past few years He has already finished his homework. 句子结构 肯定:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 否定:主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词 疑问:Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词? —Have you ever been to Shanghai? —No, never. 延续性用法 与 for / since 连用,表示动作或状态从过去持续到现在 We have lived here since 2010. 短暂 延续 与一段时间连用时,非延续动词须转换:buy have、borrow keep、leave be away、die be dead、begin be on、finish be over、join be in He has been away for two weeks.(不用 has left) 易混辨析 has been to 去过已回;has gone to 去了未回 —Where is Tom? —He has gone to the library. 使用注意事项 1. 一般过去时强调动作发生在过去且已结束,必须搭配明确的过去时间状语(yesterday、last week、…ago、just now 等);现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响或持续到现在,不接具体过去时间点。 2. 现在完成时的标志词要记牢:already 用于肯定句,yet 用于疑问句/否定句,ever/never 表经历,for + 时间段、since + 时间点/从句表持续;so far、in the past few years 也是高频标志。 3. 动词过去式规则变化四招:直接加 ed;e 结尾加 d;辅音字母 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 再加 ed;重读闭音节(辅元辅)结尾双写末尾辅音再加 ed。 4. 与 for / since 等时间段连用时,短暂性动词(buy、borrow、leave、die、begin、join 等)必须转换为延续性表达(have、keep、be away、be dead、be on、be in),否则句子错误。 5. has been to 表示“去过某地(已回来)”,has gone to 表示“去了某地(尚未回来)”,两者不可混用;Where is sb? 这类问句常用 has gone to 作答。 6. 一般过去时否定/疑问借助 did,后面动词回归原形;现在完成时否定/疑问借助 have/has,后面接过去分词,注意人称与单复数(has / have)的搭配。 一、单项选择 1.—Did you go to the science museum with your class yesterday? —No, I . I had a cold and stayed in bed. A.don’t B.didn’t C.wasn’t D.haven’t 2.My cousin a model plane by himself two days ago. A.builds B.built C.has built D.is building 3.Great changes in my hometown since we moved to the city in 2015. A.take place B.took place C.have taken place D.are taking place 4.— you ever the Great Wall? —Not yet, but I hope to visit it this summer. A.Have; gone to B.Have; been to C.Did; go to D.Do; go to 5.We each other since we were in the same primary school. A.know B.knew C.have known D.will know 6.—Where is Linda? —She the teachers’ office to hand in her homework. She will be back soon. A.has been to B.has gone to C.went to D.goes to 7.The old post office for over thirty years, but it still looks clean and new. A.has opened B.has been open C.opened D.was open 8.I an interesting book about space just now, and I can’t wait to read it. A.read B.have read C.reads D.will read 9.—How long you this bicycle? —For about two years. A.have; bought B.have; had C.did; buy D.do; have 10.Tom his keys. He can’t find them anywhere in the room. A.loses B.lost C.has lost D.will lose 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.We (watch) a wonderful football match on TV last night. 2.The little boy (fall) off his bike and hurt his knee yesterday. 3.My aunt (work) in this hospital since 2008. 4.Lucy (just / finish) her science project, so she is free now. 5.They (not / see) the new movie yet, so we can watch it together. 6.He (live) in Beijing for ten years and knows the city well. 7.I (meet) an old friend of mine in the supermarket two days ago. 8.So far, the volunteers (plant) over 1,000 trees in the park. 9.—Where is Tony? —He (go) to the library to borrow some books. 10.The workers (build) the new bridge across the river last year. 三、按要求完成句子 1.Tom left his hometown five years ago. (改为同义句) Tom has his hometown for five years. 2.我姐姐已经学英语十年了。 My sister English ten years. 3.They visited the science museum last month. (改为否定句) They the science museum last month. 4.She has already finished her homework. (改为一般疑问句) she her homework ? 5.The film began ten minutes ago. (改为同义句) The film for ten minutes. 6.—你曾经去过北京吗? —不,从未去过。 — you ever Beijing? —No, . 7.He went to bed at ten o’clock last night. (对划线部分提问) he to bed last night? 8.We have known each other since 1. (对划线部分提问) have you each other? 9.这本字典你买了多久了? How long you this dictionary? 10.My brother joined the army in 2020. (改为同义句) My brother the army since 2020. 四、语法选择 Passage 1 Cameron Patterson, a British student, spent his childhood in China. He 2 many great changes in the country over the past 15 years, especially trains. At 3 age of 8, Patterson moved from Wales to live with his parents in Shanxi. In the following years, he and his parents lived in a few cities. They also 4 a lot during holidays. However, travelling itself wasn’t always relaxing. When his family moved from Jiangsu to Guangdong, they took the old green train and spent more than 20 hours 5 the trip. Now with high-speed trains, life has become much 6 . Long and boring trips in the past have become shorter. Also, the modern trains are more comfortable.“A coin wouldn’t move at all on the table of a fast-moving train,” he said 7 . Patterson was glad 8 these changes in China, but he also wondered how they happened. 9 he read a poem about China’s role model (榜样) Jiao Yulu in 2015, he got the answer. Jiao was seriously ill at a young age, 10 he still kept working to help people till the end of his life. Jiao devoted (献身) himself to improving people’s lives. “He was really great. I learn a lot from 10 ,” said Patterson. Patterson now works as a Confucius Institute volunteer at Lancaster University. “I’m proud to act as a bridge between the UK and China and help people from these two countries know about each other’s cultures better,” he said happily. 1. A.noticed B.has noticed C.would notice 2. A.a B.an C.the 3. A.travelled B.travel C.travels 4. A.at B.on C.to 5. A.easy B.the easiest C.easier 6. A.excited B.excitedly C.excite 7. A.to see B.see C.seeing 8. A.Because B.When C.If 9. A.and B.but C.or 10. A.himself B.he C.him Passage 2 In 2024, the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Bridge across the Pearl River will be open. It will cut travel time 1 the two cities from two hours to about 30 minutes. 2 convenient it will be! The bridge crosses the sea. It connects two bridges, two islands, underwater channels 3 a two-way eight-lane tunnel (八车道隧道). 320,000 tons of steel 4 to build the two-way eight-lane tunnel in the past 7 years. It will be 5 tunnel in the world. The connection is made up of 19 bridges, the longest of which is 10 kilometers. The bridge is 6 important project of the country’s 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020). It is expected to improve communication in the Greater Bay Area (大湾区). The area 7 Hong Kong, Macao and Guangdong Province. Chen Lei was born in Zhongshan, but he chose 8 in Shenzhen. He said, “It would be more convenient for me to visit 9 parents. More Shenzhen-based companies and factories will 10 set up offices and build houses in Zhongshan. I believe the bridge will be good for all the connected parts in Guangdong Province.” 1. A.among B.between C.about 2. A.What a B.What an C.How 3. A.but B.and C.or 4. A.needed B.are needed C.were needed 5. A.wide B.the widest C.wider 6. A.an B.a C.the 7. A.covers B.covered C.was covering 8. A.work B.to work C.working 9. A.me B.mine C.my 10. A.slow B.slowly C.slowness Passage 3 请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,根据语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 On October 26, 2018, “Time Museum”, an interesting museum created by People’s Daily, appeared in Beijing. After that, the red museum caught many people’s eyes 1 . “Time Museum” introduces the development and changes of our country 2 the reform and opening-up (改革开放). It also tells about the changes in 3 daily life in clothing, food, housing, transportation, education and so on. On the morning of April 21, 2023, the Time Museum exhibition 4 to Nanjing. There were six areas in this exhibition. Walking into them, we 5 enjoy the beauty of nature in the green mountains and rivers. The exhibition 6 helped us feel the charm (魅力) of new science and technology and achievements (成就) in the field of space. Besides, there were different 7 of cultural performances (表演), such as Kunqu opera from Jiangsu Province. Zhou Shifa, 8 80-year-old man, stopped at the “Fuxing” high-speed train experience area. “The country 9 so much over the years. Our life today is much better than it used to be,” he said happily. “We’ve seen all this progress ourselves. This exhibition is very special 10 I’m very pleased with it.” 1. A.quickly B.quicker C.quickest 2. A.since B.from C.with 3. A.we B.us C.our 4. A.comes B.came C.has come 5. A.could B.should C.must 6. A.too B.also C.either 7. A.kind B.kind’s C.kinds 8. A.a B.an C.the 9. A.is changing B.will change C.has changed 10. A.and B.but C.because 五、短文填空 Passage 4 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Do you know that the way people communicate 1 (change) greatly in the past few decades? In the past, people wrote letters to keep in touch with 2 (they) friends and family. A letter could take days or even 3 (week) to arrive. Then came the telephone, 4 allowed people to talk to each other directly. Later, the Internet 5 (bring) even more changes. Now we can send emails, text messages, and make video calls. In the future, communication will continue to change. Now scientists 6 (develop) new technologies that may allow us to communicate through our thoughts. It sounds like science fiction, 7 some experts believe it could happen within 50 years. However, no matter how technology develops, the most important thing in communication is still the connection between people. 8 we send a letter or make a video call, what matters is the 9 (feel) we share with each other. Technology just makes it 10 (easy) to stay connected than before. So, let's cherish our relationships and use technology wisely. Passage 5 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 My hometown is a small town in the southern part of China. I left my hometown to work in a city fifteen years ago. I tried my best to 1 (do) what I thought would make my life better. It is said that great changes 2 (take) place in my hometown in the past thirty years. Last month I came back to my hometown. It was the 3 (one) time I had come back home. 4 my surprise, my hometown has changed a lot. The environment is getting 5 (beautiful) than fifteen years ago. Trees and flowers are planted everywhere. The streets are wider and cleaner. It is easier for people to travel. In the past, people travelled by bike, 6 now they go to work by bus or by car. It is much faster. What’s more, 7 underground line will be built next year. I am sure travelling will be much better then. When I got home, my parents were waiting for me 8 (happy). We enjoyed 9 (we) at dinner. They told me a lot about the changes in my hometown. I can’t imagine what my hometown will be like in another ten 10 (year) time. Passage 6 My hometown has changed a lot over the past twenty years. When I was 1 child, the village was very quiet.There was only one small shop and no restaurants. People 2 (use) to have to travel far to buy things they needed. Now, everything is different. New roads have been built and they have connected our village 3 the city.Many new shops and supermarkets have appeared. The government has also built a new hospital 4 (provide) better medical care for the villagers. One of the 5 (big) changes is in education. A new school was opened three years ago. The students used to study in old classrooms with broken windows. Now they have modern classrooms with computers and a library. The environment has 6 (improve) as well.The hills used to be bare (光秃秃的), 7 now they are covered with green trees. The river, which was once polluted, is now clean and clear. People have realized the 8 (important) of protecting the environment. I am happy to see these changes, but I also miss the 9 (peace) life of the past. I believe that if we use the new developments 10 (wise), our hometown will become a better place to live. 六、选词填空 Passage 7 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 farmer from he develop beauty still more that convenient can too by In the past 40 years, China has 1 a lot. Recently, many foreigners came to rural China (中国农村). What is the true 2 of rural China through these people’s eyes? Gina, from Italy, returns to the village she visited two years earlier. The local people are 3 friendly to her. She finds 4 everyone in the village lives a happy life that is similar to the life of people in the city during this trip. There are also parks and libraries for local people. What’s 5 , the government sends teachers to help, so students there have chances to receive a much better education. What a happy life they are living! What else? Saran says the transportation is more 6 . High-speed trains and private cars 7 take people everywhere. People can also order what they need and pay online. Some 8 even sell their goods (货物) online. It is different from what happened at the end of the last century. Perhaps you can’t easily imagine an American living in rural Yunnan. 9 name is Linden, a businessman. He is attracted (被吸引) 10 the local traditional culture. He has also experienced the changes in rural China. For him, this experience is a great pleasure. If he has to express (表达) the pleasure in one word, it will be “hope”. Passage 8 请从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项,并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 country attention after play develop amaze since easy before difficult a much Recently, a very simple sentence “Amazing, my motherland!” has become widely known in China. As we know, China has 1 quickly these years. It has already become one of the most important 2 in the world. Foreigners pay more 3 to the ancient Eastern country of China. Helen is 4 exchange student. She has been in China 5 two years ago. She is studying in a university in China now. Great changes have made her 6 . “I think finding jobs is 7 in China than in my country. I will work here 8 I finish my studies.” Helen said. In China, we can find new buildings everywhere. The changes are 9 greater than before. The achievement is so surprising. China is developing trade and friendship with other countries. China is 10 an important role in the world. 9 / 10乐思英语 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $