精品解析：吉林东北师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三年级开学考英语试卷

东北师范大学附属中学2025-2026高三开学考英语试题 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What is the woman doing? A. Making cakes. B.Planting flowers. C.Shopping. 2.What is the weather like now? A. Sunny. B.Rainy. C.Cloudy. 3.What will the man buy for his parents this monthly? A.A television. B.A refrigerator. C.A washing machine. 4.Who noticed the boat? A.Colin. B.Jane. C.Dave. 5.What will the woman do next? A.Change the time of the meeting.B.Send reganis to the president.C.Talk to the head of sales. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6.Why doesn't the man like the food? A.It is unhealthy. B.It tastes terrible. C.It doesn't have salad. 7.Where are the speakers probably? A.At the woman's home. B.In a supermarket. C.In a restaurant. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。 8.Where is the woman visiting first? A.Peru. B.The USA C.Brazil. 9.How long will the whole trip take? A.Two days. B.Three weeks. C.Four months. 10.How does the woman mainly feel about the trip? A.Worried. B.Scared. C. Excited. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。 11.What is the weather like now probably? A.Sunny. B.Cloudy. C.Rainy. 12.Why hasn't Amy arrived yet? A.She has been stuck in heavy traffic. B.She is watching a big football match. C.The bus broke down on the halfway. 13.What does the man offer to do? A.Pick up Amy. B.Check the weather. C.Help with the dinner. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。 14,Where are the speakers? A.At the exit of a gallery. B.In the first gallery space. C.At the entrance ofa gallery. 15.What do the speakers have in common? A.They have the same friend. B.They both work in the art industn. C.They're both currently traveling abroad. 16.Who is the man's favorite artist? A.Botticelli. B.Van Gogh. C.Da Vinci. 17.How much is the man most likely willing to spend? A.Around $450 million. B.About $50 million. C.Less than $1 million. 听下面一段对话，回答第18至20题。 18.Who is the speaker probably? A.A student. B.A team manager. C.A cleaner. 19.What has the team's performance been like so far? A.Disappointing. B.Outstanding. C.Satisfying. 20.What is the main purpose of the speech? A.To offer some information. B.To motivate the players. C.To ask for help. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The greening of planes, trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbons The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — Batteries Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge. TRAINS — Electricity Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogen fuel cells Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. SHIPS — Liquid ammonia Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign. This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke. 1. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A. 11.6%. B. 45.1%. C. 74.5%. D. 86.1%. 2. Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A. Planes. B. Trucks. C. Trains. D. Ships. 3. What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A. Limiting fuel consumption. B. Putting more effort into renewables. C. Improving energy efficiency. D. Making electricity more affordable. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据图表信息ROAD VEHICLES部分中“ROAD (PASSENGER) 45.1% (道路(客运)45.1%)”以及“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4% (道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS — Electricity部分中“Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. (一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知，火车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中““We need to speed up the development of green energy and it will all get used,” says Wipke. (Wipke说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都会被利用起来。”)”可知，Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。故选B项。 B “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 4. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 5. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 6. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 7. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点戒备的姿态，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。 C We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 8. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? A. It guarantees the variety of food. B. It requires day-to-day care. C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D. It relies on farmer’s markets. 9. What information does the convenient app offer? A. Real-time weather changes. B. Current condition of the plants. C. Chemical pollutants in the soil. D. Availability of pre-seeded pods. 10. What can be concluded about BMF employees? A. They have a great passion for sports. B. They are devoted to community service. C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D. They have a strong environmental awareness. 11. What does the text mainly talk about? A. BMF’s major strengths. B. BMF’s general management. C. BMF’s global influence. D. BMF’s technical standards. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”可知，巴比伦微型农场（BMF）进一步缩短了从农场到餐桌的距离。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. (此外，还有一个便捷的应用程序，可以实时提供增长数据)”可知，这个便捷的应用程序提供了植物生长的实时数据。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，BMF员工具有强烈的环保意识。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”、第三段“By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. (通过云连接，对BMF进行远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，因此大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统不是给一排排土壤浇水，而是为每株植物提供合适的水量)”以及最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。故选A。 【点睛】 D Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no”. The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text. The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page. But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. 12. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice. 13. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume? A. Readers treat digital texts lightly. B. Digital texts are simpler to understand. C. People select digital texts randomly. D. Digital texts are suitable for social media. 14. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers? A. They can hold students' attention. B. They are more convenient to prepare. C. They help develop advanced skills. D. They are more informative than text. 15. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques. B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material. C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是议论文。主要讨论了纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding.(当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现)”可知，在纸上学习更有成效，以及后文“when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.(当实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章的主旨)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时)”推知，此处应是表达“当实验者从简单的任务转向需要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显而易见”之意，所以shine through应是“显而易见”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.(但同样重要的是精神层面。阅读研究人员提出了一个名为“shallowing hypothesis”的理论。根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态接触数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时相比，投入的精神努力也更少)”可知，shallowing hypothesis假设读者在阅读数字文本时会持有一种轻松的心态，不会像阅读纸质书籍那样投入太多的心理努力。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person.(音频和视频可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术，例如分配在线讲座而不是同一作者的文章)”可知，音频和视频比文本更能吸引学生的注意力，所以大学教师越来越多地使用这些技术。故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.(数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精神集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词)”可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。故选C项。 【点睛】 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2分，满分 10分） 阅读下面短文，从选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Common Mistakes New Runners Make Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. ___16___, keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success. ·Doing too much too soon One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine. ___17___. ___18___ Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts. ·Not wearing the right equipment ___19___, it’s important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe. ·Running through pain ___20___. If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember: It doesn’t make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy. A. If you’re just starting out B. Not taking rest days C. Comparing yourself to others D. Running can be uncomfortable at times E. It’s important not to use the same muscles F. While it may be true that you don’t need expensive equipment to take up running G. Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week 【答案】16. A 17. G 18. B 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误。 【16题详解】 上文“Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. (跑步是保持体形的好方法，几乎每个人都可以做到。然而，许多人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤。)”指出跑步时有些人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤，由本段标题“Common Mistakes New Runners Make (新跑步者常犯的错误)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者会犯的错误，根据下文“keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success. (记住这些事情可以帮助您增加跑步成功的机会。)”可知，空处是状语从句，A项“如果你刚刚开始”符合，是下文的条件，同时也符合主题，即如果你是新跑步者，本文的建议会帮助你增加成功跑步的机会，故选A。 【17题详解】 上文“One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine. (新跑者常犯的最大错误就是在过短时间内训练量增加过快。循序渐进地开始训练计划有助于降低受伤风险，这样你就能继续坚持新的跑步习惯了。)”指出刚开始跑步的人会跑得太快，所以要慢慢进入训练，不要跑太多太快，G项“专家建议每周增加跑步距离不超过10%”符合，指出不要跑太多，故选G。 【18题详解】 此处是本段小标题，即新手跑步者常犯的错误之一，根据下文“Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts. (初学者可能认为他们需要每天（或几乎每天）跑步才能达到健身或减肥目标，但这与事实相差甚远。跑步是一项高冲击性的活动，对您的身体来说确实很困难。因此，在锻炼之间让身体休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者不休息，B项“没有休息日”符合，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据本段标题“Not wearing the right equipment (没有佩戴合适的装备)”可知，本段主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误之一是没有佩戴合适的装备，下文“it’s important that you wear properly for your workouts. (锻炼时正确穿着很重要。)”强调跑步时正确穿着很重要，空处也应与“佩戴合适的装备”有关，F项“虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步”符合，其中“equipment”呼应标题中的“the right equipment”，虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步，但是锻炼时正确穿着很重要，故选F。 【20题详解】 下文“If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. (如果跑步时感到疼痛，则需要停下来治疗疼痛。)”指出跑步时如果感到疼痛，应该停下来，这说明有时候跑步会让人感到疼痛，D项“跑步有时会感到不舒服”符合，引起下文，下文介绍了感到疼痛时该如何做，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分 30 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was ___21___, too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no ___22___ on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for ___23___ the car. I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to ___24___ the heat when an older gentleman ___25___ to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I ___26___ my predicament (困境). To my ___27___, the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and ___28___ a tool set. Right then and there, this total ___29___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been charged for so long that they were ___30___ to function. After about an hour, he ___31___ that my car was safe to finish the trip. ___32___ came at the hands of a stranger. ___33___ his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man ___34___ a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his ___35___ . 21. A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure 22. A. mechanic B. policeman C. manager D. guide 23. A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining 24. A. feel B. beat C. absorb D. produce 25. A. promised B. refused C. stopped D. volunteered 26. A. solved B. noticed C. escaped D. explained 27. A. surprise B. regret C. amusement D. disappointment 28. A. called up B. pulled out C. put down D. threw away 29. A. liar B. beginner C. stranger D. loser 30. A. free B. ready C. uncertain D. unable 31. A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted 32. A. Tiredness B. Kindness C. Loneliness D. Carefulness 33. A. Folding B. Drying C. Soiling D. Mending 34. A. saved B. called C. judged D. banned 35. A. friend B. daughter C. coworker D. customer 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的车在半路坏了，正巧赶上周日，在加油站并没有找到修车的人。这时恰巧有一位年长的绅士来加油。了解到作者遇到的困难后，他主动帮助作者修了车。作者对此非常的感谢。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的手机也没电了。A. busy忙的；B. loud大声的；C. dead（因无电力）不工作的；D. secure可靠的。根据上文“I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down.”以及句中的too可知，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而关机了。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我设法去了一个加油站，但那是初秋的周日，没有机修工值班。A. mechanic机修工；B. policeman警察；C. manager经理；D. guide指导。根据上文“but it was Sunday in the early fall”可知，作者的车坏了，所以她应该去找修车的。但是因为是周日，所以加油站的机修工都没上班。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我正努力读完大学，几乎没有钱保养这辆车。A. washing清洗；B. parking停车；C. purchasing购买；D. maintaining保养。根据空前“I was working my way through university then and had little money”可知，作者当时正在在读大学，没有什么钱，所以几乎是不保养车的。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. feel感觉；B. beat击败；C. absorb吸收；D. produce生产。根据下文“working on a hot September afternoon”可知，事情发生在一个炎热的夏天，作者坐在车边试图保持凉爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎热的天气中保持凉爽”。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. promised答应了；B. refused拒绝；C. stopped停止；D. volunteered自愿的。根据上文“I managed to get to a gas station”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一辆车停下来加油。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问起我的车，我解释了我的困境。A. solved解决；B. noticed注意到；C. escaped逃脱。D. explained解释。根据上文“He asked about my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者的车出了什么问题，然后作者向他解释了他的困境。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. surprise惊喜；B. regret遗憾；C. amusement可笑；D. disappointment失望。根据下文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and ___8___ a tool set”可知，这位年长的绅士听到作者的困难后，告诉作者他也有一个女儿，而且从车里拿出一套工具。这让作为陌生人的作者感到非常的惊讶。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. called up打电话给；B. pulled out取出；C. put down放下；D. threw away扔掉了。根据空后“a tool set”以及下文“Right then and there, this total ___9___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were ___10___ to function.”可知，这位绅士从他的车里拿出一套工具，帮作者修起了车。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. liar骗子；B. beginner初学者；C. stranger陌生人；D. loser失败者。根据上文“I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to ___4___ the heat when an older gentleman ___5___ to fuel his car”以及全文语境可知，这个绅士对于作者来说完全是个陌生人。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. free免费的；B. ready准备好的；C. uncertain不确定；D. unable不能的。根据上文“as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long ”可知，由于车辆的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，所以导致它不能正常工作。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，他宣布我的车可以安全地完成旅程。A. pronounced宣布；B. agreed同意；C. discovered发现；D. doubted怀疑。根据空后“that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，经过一个小时的修理后，那个绅士宣布说车可以安全地完成旅程。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良来自一个陌生人。A. Tiredness疲劳；B. Kindness善良；C. Loneliness孤独；D. Carefulness细心。根据全文语境可知，一位陌生人帮助了他，所以此处指善意来自一个陌生人。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. Folding折叠；B. Drying干燥；C. Soiling弄脏。D. Mending修补。根据上文“After about an hour, he ___11___ that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，那位绅士给作者修了一个小时的车。此处指修车时弄脏了自己的衣服。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. saved救了；B. called打电话；C. judged判断；D. banned禁止。根据上文“Right then and there, this total ___9___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were ___10___ to function.”可知，这个陌生人给作者修了车，所以作者觉得他就像是从灾难中是救了她。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能是他的女儿同龄。A. friend朋友。B. daughter女儿；C. coworker同事；D. customer顾客。根据上文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者觉那位绅士帮助作者是因为他有一个和她同龄的女儿。此处指作者就像那位男士的女儿。故选B。 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, a math teacher from Peking University____36____(bring) into the spotlight. In a video, he introduced himself as one of the most common students____37____graduated from the School of Mathematical Sciences at Peking University and a gold medalist in the Mathematics Olympiad. Internet users immediately recognized that this unassuming teacher was a real big shot____38____(know) as “Chen Jingrun's successor” and a rare mathematical genius—Wei Dongyi. But the viewers were impressed by his humble lifestyle as he____39____(hold) a bottle of water and a bag of steamed buns. Born in Shandong province in 1990, Wei showed great interest____40____mathematics from a very young age. When he was a junior student at High School Attached to Shandong Normal University, Wei joined the school's Olympia training team. But it was his____41____(amaze) performance at the 49th and 50th International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO)____42____set the world on fire. Wei got two gold medals with full marks. After that, Wei enrolled into Peking University and got his master's degree and PhD in only three and a half years. In 2019, Wei completed his post-doctoral work and became____43____assistant professor of the university. To avoid disturbances, the university called for reducing attention on Wei himself. “We____44____(sincere) hope that society will join us in creating an environment for young scholars_____45_____(focus) on research,” the university wrote in a statement. 【答案】36. has been brought 37. who##that 38. known 39. held 40. in 41. amazing 42. that 43. an 44. sincerely 45. to focus 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了北大数学老师韦东奕最近成为了人们关注的焦点，介绍了他的个人经历以及成就。 【36题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：最近，一位来自北京大学的数学老师成为了人们关注的焦点。根据上文Recently可知应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为teacher，助动词用has。故填has been brought。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在一段视频中，他介绍自己是北京大学数学科学学院最普通的毕业生之一，也是奥林匹克数学竞赛的金牌得主。此处为定语从句修饰先行词students，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：网友们立刻认出这位低调的老师是真正的“陈景润后继者”，也是少有的数学天才——韦东奕。短语be known as“被称为”，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作定语，故填known。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：但他拿着一瓶水和一袋馒头的简朴生活给观众留下了深刻的印象。描述过去发生的动作应用一般过去时。故填held。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：韦东奕1990年出生于山东，很小的时候就对数学产生了浓厚的兴趣。结合句意表示“感兴趣”可知短语为show great interest in。故填in。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但他在第49届和第50届国际数学奥林匹克竞赛上的出色表现让全世界为之震惊。修饰后文名词performance，应用形容词amazing，作定语。故填amazing。 【42题详解】 考查强调句。句意：但他在第49届和第50届国际数学奥林匹克竞赛上的出色表现让全世界为之震惊。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句结构“it be+被强调部分+that+其它”，被强调部分为his amazing performance at the 49th and 50th International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO)，应用that。故填that。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：2019年，韦东奕完成了博士后工作，成为清华大学助理教授。professor为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且assistant是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：我们真诚地希望社会能够加入我们，创造一个环境，让青年学者专注于研究。修饰后文动词hope应用副词sincerely，作状语。故填sincerely。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们真诚地希望社会能够加入我们，创造一个环境，让青年学者专注于研究。分析句子结构可知focus在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to focus。 第四部分基础词汇(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共10小题；每小题1分， 满分10分) 请根据括号内所给汉语提示和句意填入单词的正确形式。 46. Only the names are ancient; the characters are modern and _________ (当代).（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】contemporary 【解析】 【详解】句意：只有名字是古老的；人物是现代和当代的。根据汉语提示“当代”可知，用形容词contemporary。contemporary与modern并列，作句子的表语。 47. Medical workers have to wash their hands _________ (反复) after being exposed to COVID-19 patients. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】repeatedly 【解析】 【详解】句意：医务人员在接触新冠肺炎患者后必须反复洗手。根据汉语提示“反复”可知，用副词repeatedly修饰动词wash，作状语。 48. He ______ (提交；呈交) his proposal for urban development to the city council at the conference. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】submitted 【解析】 【详解】句意：他在会议上向市议会提交了他的城市发展方案。所填词在句中作谓语，根据at the conference可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时；结合汉语提示“提交；呈交”可知，动词submit含有此意，要变成过去式submitted。 49. Only when each of us realizes the importance of protecting the environment can we have a _________ (和谐) earth. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】harmonious 【解析】 【详解】句意：只有当我们每个人都意识到保护环境的重要性时，我们才能拥有一个和谐的地球。根据汉语提示“和谐”以及空后的名词earth可知，此处应填入形容词harmonious，作定语，修饰earth。 50. The teacher _________ (解散) other students and told Frank to stay behind and talk about his trouble. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】dismissed 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师解散了其他学生，叫弗兰克留下来谈谈他遇到的麻烦。所填词作谓语，结合and told可知，要用过去式；根据汉语提示“解散”，动词dismiss含有此意，要将其变成过去式dismissed。 51. When we entered the hall, we saw dozens of balloons _________ (悬；挂) from the ceiling. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】suspended 【解析】 【详解】句意：当我们走进大厅时，看见几十个气球悬挂在天花板上。balloons（气球）和 suspend（悬挂）之间是被动关系（气球被挂在天花板），所以用过去分词suspended作宾补。 52. The new drug has been _________ (撤回) from the market for further tests. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】withdrawn 【解析】 【详解】句意：这种新药已被撤出市场，以作进一步检测。根据汉语提示“撤回”以及“has been”可知，此空是过去分词withdrawn，构成现在完成时的被动语态。 53. Located on the equator, Brazil’s “Big Zero” stadium has a seating ______ (容纳) of 10,000 people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】capacity 【解析】 【详解】句意：位于赤道上的巴西“大零”体育场能容纳1万人。a seating修饰所填词，要填单数可数名词；结合汉语提示“容纳”可知，名词capacity符合题干要求。 54. To set sail on time, I _________ (缓慢而费力地移动) myself out of bed 30 minutes earlier than usual. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】dragged 【解析】 【详解】句意：为按时起航，我比平时早半小时，缓慢而费力地挣扎着下床。 drag oneself …是固定表达，含义为“费力、艰难地移动自己”，对应“缓慢而费力地移动”。本句描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时；drag的过去式为dragged。 55. A good education should not just be a _________ (特权) of the rich. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】privilege 【解析】 【详解】句意：良好的教育不应该仅仅是富人的特权。根据汉语提示“特权”可知，应填入名词privilege作表语；由空前的不定冠词a可知，此处应用单数形式。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 请根据括号内所给汉语提示和句意填入适当的短语。 56. It is her amazing memory that _________ her _________ (使……与众不同) her classmates.（根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】 ①. sets ②. apart from 【解析】 【详解】句意：正是她惊人的记忆力使她有别于同班同学。表示“使……与众不同”用固定短语set... apart from，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为her amazing memory，谓语动词用第三人称单数sets。 57. Having __________________ (决定，选定) a career in fitness, I wrote to all the major fitness centers asking for an interview. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】decided on 【解析】 【详解】句意：在选定健身行业作为职业后，我写信给各大健身中心，申请面试。表示“决定，选定”用decide on。本句主语I和decide on之间是主动关系，且decide on这个动作发生在wrote之前，用现在分词的完成式Having decided on，作状语，本空用decided on。 58. He asked her to marry him but she _________ him _________ (拒绝). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. turned ②. down 【解析】 【详解】句意：他请求她嫁给他，但是她拒绝了他。“拒绝”短语为turn sb. down，asked为一般过去时，此处时态保持一致，填turned down。 59. The classroom teacher must __________________ (对……敏感) a child’s needs. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】be sensitive to 【解析】 【详解】句意：任课教师必须对孩子的需求敏感。固定短语be sensitive to表示“对……敏感”，情态动词must后接动词原形。 60. He finally realized that his beliefs __________________ (与……冲突) the spirit of his age. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】conflicted with 【解析】 【详解】句意：他终于意识到他的信仰与他那个时代的精神相冲突。“与……冲突”可用短语conflict with，主句谓语realized为一般过去时，宾语从句时态保持一致，此空是conflicted with。 61. The nurse was busy taking care of the patients in the hospital for a week and suddenly she __________________ (有强烈的欲望做) be with her little son. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】had an urge to 【解析】 【详解】句意：这名护士在医院忙着照顾病人一周了，突然她强烈渴望和她的小儿子待在一起。“有强烈的欲望做”可用短语have an urge to do sth.，前面was为一般过去时，此处时态保持一致，填had an urge to。 62. At one time, she always _________ Ben _________ (谈及) “that nice man”. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. referred to ②. as 【解析】 【详解】句意：曾经，她每次谈起本，都称之为“那位好人”。所填词作谓语，时间状语At one time表示“曾经、一度”，要和一般过去时连用；结合汉语提示“谈及”可知，对应的英语是refer to，要将refer变成过去式referred；第二空后的“that nice man”是Ben的身份，要用介词as。 63. The President will be giving __________________ (新闻发布会) this afternoon. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】a press conference 【解析】 【详解】句意：总统今天下午将举行新闻发布会。根据汉语提示“新闻发布会”可知，此空是固定短语a press conference，作宾语。 64. He led us to his house, a low, round bamboo hut with no windows, with a door just big enough to get through, and with grass __________________ (伸出) of the roof. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】sticking out 【解析】 【详解】句意：他带我们去了他家，一间低矮的圆形竹屋，没有窗户，门仅够人进出，茅草从屋顶伸出来。“伸出”短语为stick out，此处是with的复合结构，grass和stick out是主谓关系，此空是现在分词形式sticking out，作宾补。 65. The man is rigid and just __________________ (认为……是理所当然) that his friends are always around to give support. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】takes it for granted 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个男人很刻板，只是想当然地认为他的朋友总会在身边给予支持。“认为……是理所当然”用固定句型take it for granted that...、it是形式宾语，that引导宾语从句，and连接的谓语动词，时态保持一致，主语the man是第三人称单数，take用takes。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 东北师范大学附属中学2025-2026高三开学考英语试题 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What is the woman doing? A. Making cakes. B.Planting flowers. C.Shopping. 2.What is the weather like now? A. Sunny. B.Rainy. C.Cloudy. 3.What will the man buy for his parents this monthly? A.A television. B.A refrigerator. C.A washing machine. 4.Who noticed the boat? A.Colin. B.Jane. C.Dave. 5.What will the woman do next? A.Change the time of the meeting.B.Send reganis to the president.C.Talk to the head of sales. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6.Why doesn't the man like the food? A.It is unhealthy. B.It tastes terrible. C.It doesn't have salad. 7.Where are the speakers probably? A.At the woman's home. B.In a supermarket. C.In a restaurant. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。 8.Where is the woman visiting first? A.Peru. B.The USA C.Brazil. 9.How long will the whole trip take? A.Two days. B.Three weeks. C.Four months. 10.How does the woman mainly feel about the trip? A.Worried. B.Scared. C. Excited. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。 11.What is the weather like now probably? A.Sunny. B.Cloudy. C.Rainy. 12.Why hasn't Amy arrived yet? A.She has been stuck in heavy traffic. B.She is watching a big football match. C.The bus broke down on the halfway. 13.What does the man offer to do? A.Pick up Amy. B.Check the weather. C.Help with the dinner. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。 14,Where are the speakers? A.At the exit of a gallery. B.In the first gallery space. C.At the entrance ofa gallery. 15.What do the speakers have in common? A.They have the same friend. B.They both work in the art industn. C.They're both currently traveling abroad. 16.Who is the man's favorite artist? A.Botticelli. B.Van Gogh. C.Da Vinci. 17.How much is the man most likely willing to spend? A.Around $450 million. B.About $50 million. C.Less than $1 million. 听下面一段对话，回答第18至20题。 18.Who is the speaker probably? A.A student. B.A team manager. C.A cleaner. 19.What has the team's performance been like so far? A.Disappointing. B.Outstanding. C.Satisfying. 20.What is the main purpose of the speech? A.To offer some information. B.To motivate the players. C.To ask for help. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The greening of planes, trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbons The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — Batteries Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge. TRAINS — Electricity Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogen fuel cells Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. SHIPS — Liquid ammonia Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign. This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke. 1. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A. 11.6%. B. 45.1%. C. 74.5%. D. 86.1%. 2. Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A. Planes. B. Trucks. C. Trains. D. Ships. 3. What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A. Limiting fuel consumption. B. Putting more effort into renewables. C. Improving energy efficiency. D. Making electricity more affordable. B “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 4. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 5. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 6. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 7. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. C We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 8. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? A. It guarantees the variety of food. B. It requires day-to-day care. C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D. It relies on farmer’s markets. 9. What information does the convenient app offer? A. Real-time weather changes. B. Current condition of the plants. C. Chemical pollutants in the soil. D. Availability of pre-seeded pods. 10. What can be concluded about BMF employees? A. They have a great passion for sports. B. They are devoted to community service. C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D. They have a strong environmental awareness. 11. What does the text mainly talk about? A. BMF’s major strengths. B. BMF’s general management. C. BMF’s global influence. D. BMF’s technical standards. D Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no”. The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text. The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page. But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. 12. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice. 13. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume? A. Readers treat digital texts lightly. B. Digital texts are simpler to understand. C. People select digital texts randomly. D. Digital texts are suitable for social media. 14. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers? A. They can hold students' attention. B. They are more convenient to prepare. C. They help develop advanced skills. D. They are more informative than text. 15. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques. B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material. C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2分，满分 10分） 阅读下面短文，从选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Common Mistakes New Runners Make Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. ___16___, keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success. ·Doing too much too soon One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine. ___17___. ___18___ Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts. ·Not wearing the right equipment ___19___, it’s important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe. ·Running through pain ___20___. If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember: It doesn’t make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy. A. If you’re just starting out B. Not taking rest days C. Comparing yourself to others D. Running can be uncomfortable at times E. It’s important not to use the same muscles F. While it may be true that you don’t need expensive equipment to take up running G. Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分 30 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was ___21___, too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no ___22___ on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for ___23___ the car. I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to ___24___ the heat when an older gentleman ___25___ to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I ___26___ my predicament (困境). To my ___27___, the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and ___28___ a tool set. Right then and there, this total ___29___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been charged for so long that they were ___30___ to function. After about an hour, he ___31___ that my car was safe to finish the trip. ___32___ came at the hands of a stranger. ___33___ his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man ___34___ a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his ___35___ . 21. A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure 22. A. mechanic B. policeman C. manager D. guide 23. A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining 24. A. feel B. beat C. absorb D. produce 25. A. promised B. refused C. stopped D. volunteered 26. A. solved B. noticed C. escaped D. explained 27. A. surprise B. regret C. amusement D. disappointment 28. A. called up B. pulled out C. put down D. threw away 29. A. liar B. beginner C. stranger D. loser 30. A. free B. ready C. uncertain D. unable 31. A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted 32. A. Tiredness B. Kindness C. Loneliness D. Carefulness 33. A. Folding B. Drying C. Soiling D. Mending 34. A. saved B. called C. judged D. banned 35. A. friend B. daughter C. coworker D. customer 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, a math teacher from Peking University____36____(bring) into the spotlight. In a video, he introduced himself as one of the most common students____37____graduated from the School of Mathematical Sciences at Peking University and a gold medalist in the Mathematics Olympiad. Internet users immediately recognized that this unassuming teacher was a real big shot____38____(know) as “Chen Jingrun's successor” and a rare mathematical genius—Wei Dongyi. But the viewers were impressed by his humble lifestyle as he____39____(hold) a bottle of water and a bag of steamed buns. Born in Shandong province in 1990, Wei showed great interest____40____mathematics from a very young age. When he was a junior student at High School Attached to Shandong Normal University, Wei joined the school's Olympia training team. But it was his____41____(amaze) performance at the 49th and 50th International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO)____42____set the world on fire. Wei got two gold medals with full marks. After that, Wei enrolled into Peking University and got his master's degree and PhD in only three and a half years. In 2019, Wei completed his post-doctoral work and became____43____assistant professor of the university. To avoid disturbances, the university called for reducing attention on Wei himself. “We____44____(sincere) hope that society will join us in creating an environment for young scholars_____45_____(focus) on research,” the university wrote in a statement. 第四部分基础词汇(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共10小题；每小题1分， 满分10分) 请根据括号内所给汉语提示和句意填入单词的正确形式。 46. Only the names are ancient; the characters are modern and _________ (当代).（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 47. Medical workers have to wash their hands _________ (反复) after being exposed to COVID-19 patients. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 48. He ______ (提交；呈交) his proposal for urban development to the city council at the conference. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. Only when each of us realizes the importance of protecting the environment can we have a _________ (和谐) earth. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 50. The teacher _________ (解散) other students and told Frank to stay behind and talk about his trouble. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. When we entered the hall, we saw dozens of balloons _________ (悬；挂) from the ceiling. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 52. The new drug has been _________ (撤回) from the market for further tests. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. Located on the equator, Brazil’s “Big Zero” stadium has a seating ______ (容纳) of 10,000 people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. To set sail on time, I _________ (缓慢而费力地移动) myself out of bed 30 minutes earlier than usual. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 55. A good education should not just be a _________ (特权) of the rich. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 请根据括号内所给汉语提示和句意填入适当的短语。 56. It is her amazing memory that _________ her _________ (使……与众不同) her classmates.（根据汉语提示完成句子） 57. Having __________________ (决定，选定) a career in fitness, I wrote to all the major fitness centers asking for an interview. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 58. He asked her to marry him but she _________ him _________ (拒绝). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 59. The classroom teacher must __________________ (对……敏感) a child’s needs. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 60. He finally realized that his beliefs __________________ (与……冲突) the spirit of his age. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 61. The nurse was busy taking care of the patients in the hospital for a week and suddenly she __________________ (有强烈的欲望做) be with her little son. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 62. At one time, she always _________ Ben _________ (谈及) “that nice man”. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 63. The President will be giving __________________ (新闻发布会) this afternoon. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 64. He led us to his house, a low, round bamboo hut with no windows, with a door just big enough to get through, and with grass __________________ (伸出) of the roof. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 65. The man is rigid and just __________________ (认为……是理所当然) that his friends are always around to give support. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $