Unit 2 Hobbies Grammar (教学课件）—2026-2027学年初中英语译林版七年级上册

该初中英语课件聚焦行为动词一般现在时，涵盖其三种用法（经常性动作、客观真理、当前状态）、句式结构及三单变化规则。课堂通过Free talk“谈论爱好”导入，结合Reading例句引导学生观察归纳用法，搭建从生活情境到语法规则的学习支架。 其亮点是以“观察-归纳-应用”为主线，借助图表呈现三单变化规则，通过对话练习（如Amy和Sandy的爱好交流）实现知识迁移，培养学生思维品质与语言能力。总结口诀助力记忆，多样化练习巩固重点，既提升学生语法应用能力，也为教师提供清晰教学路径。

Unit 2 Hobbies Grammar 1 ★学习目标 掌握行为动词一般现在时的用法、句式结构及三单变化规则，能正确进行肯定、否定及疑问表达。 通过观察例句自主归纳语法规则，培养逻辑分析与归纳总结能力。 借助图表构建语法体系，通过对话练习实现知识迁移与应用。 在交流爱好时尊重个体差异，体会科学事实背后的普世价值，做到得体表达。 ★教学重难点 行为动词一般现在时的句式结构及第三人称单数变化规则。 在否定句和疑问句中正确使用助动词do/does，并确保其后的行为动词还原为原形；在实际交际中根据语境准确选择时态。 Warming up Free talk What do you like doing in your free time? I like... Reading We use the simple present tense when we talk about: Daniel often visits science museums. Science changes people’s lives. Daniel likes to take things apart. Things that we often do Things that are always true Things that are true now 行为动词在一般现在时中的使用！ Use 1: Things that we often do Use 2: Things that are always true Use 3: Things that are true now Can you give more examples? e.g. I often go to the Art Club after school. Amy goes swimming every week. e.g. Fish live in water. Light travels faster than sound. e.g. The girl sings very well. Now I want to be a scientist. 8 We make positive and negative sentences using the verbs in the simple present tense like this: I/You/We/They He/She/It like likes sport. I/You/We/They He/She/It do not does not sport. like Do Does I/you/we/they he/she/it like sport? No, Yes, I/you/we/they he/she/it I/you/we/they he/she/it do not. does not. do. does. 在疑问句和否定句中，助动词之后的行为动词均用原形。 When we make negative sentences and ask questions. we use__________ (do, does) with I, you, we and they. we use __________ (do, does) with he, she and it. does do Work out the rule The Class 1, Grade 7 students have different hobbies. Complete the sentences below with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. dance go fly love play read watch want 1 Millie reading. She every evening. 2 Simon football every week. He also football matches. 3 David for a walk on Saturdays. Sometimes, he a kite in the park. 4 Kitty likes dancing.She for half an hour every day. She ______ to learn all kinds of dances. loves reads plays watches goes flies dances wants The students are writing their names under the activities they like in the table below. Complete the questions and then use the information in the table to answer them. _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ 1 Sandy and Kitty enjoy listening to music? 2 Millie like swimming? 3 Amy enjoy reading? 4 Daniel like jogging? 5 Simon and Daniel love drawing? No, she doesn’t. No, she doesn’t. No, he doesn’t. No, they don’t. Yes, they do. Do Does Does Does Do formal (正式的) do not/does not informal (非正式的) don’t/doesn’t Amy and Sandy are talking about their hobbies. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Amy: Hi, Sandy. What' s your hobby? Sandy: I (like) painting. I often paint at my aunt's house. My aunt (know) so much about art. She (help) me a lot. What about you? you (like) art? Amy: No, I don' t, but I like sport. I often (go) swimming. Sandy: Great! you (go) with your parents? Amy:Yes. My dad (love) swimming and he always (go) swimming with me. My mum (not like) swimming. She (watch) us swim. like knows helps Do like go Do go loves goes doesn’t like watches Talk with your partner about your and your friends’ hobbies, using the correct forms of the verbs. Work in pairs. Examples In our group, Tom likes reading because he thinks reading is fun but he doesn’t like running because he doesn’t do well in running. Nancy loves swimming because it makes her relaxed and cool but she is not a fan of singing because she thinks it is too difficult to sing well. Allen enjoys playing basketball because he is good at it and he often watches basketball matches on TV but he doesn’t like drawing because he thinks it is boring. Grammar 17 一、行为动词一般现在时的三种用法 1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作 描述日常生活中反复发生的事情。常与 always, usually, often, sometimes, every day/week 等频度副词或时间状语连用。 例：She reads every evening. / I often paint at my aunt’s house. 2.表示现在的状态、特征或能力 描述主语当前具备的性质、心理状态或客观事实。常用动词包括 like, love, want, know, help 等。 例：My dad loves swimming. / My aunt knows so much about art. 3.表示客观真理或科学事实 描述不以人的意志为转移的普遍规律或自然现象。 例：Science changes people's lives. 二、行为动词一般现在时的三种句式结构 1.肯定句：主语+行为动词（原形或三单）+其他. 例：She wants to learn all kinds of dances. They enjoy listening to music. 注意事项：主语为第三人称单数时，动词需变形；其余人称用原形。 2.否定句：主语+do/does not +行为动词（原形）+其他. 例：He doesn't like maths. We don't go on the internet. 注意事项：借助助动词 do/does 构成否定，动词必须还原为原形。 Tip：do not=don’t does not=doesn’t 3.疑问句：Do/Does+主语+行为动词（原形）+其他? 肯定回答 Yes, 主语+do/does. 否定回答 No, 主语+do/does not. 例：Does she help you a lot? Do they play football? 注意事项：句首用 Do/Does 提问，回答用 Yes/No + 主语 + do/does/don't/doesn't。动词同样用原形。 三、行为动词第三人称单数形式的构成规则 当主语为 he / she / it 或单数名词时，行为动词需变为第三人称单数形式，具体规则如下： 变化规则 方法 示例 一般情况 直接加 -s like → likes, play → plays, read → reads, change → changes 以辅音字母 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i，再加 -es study → studies, fly → flies, carry → carries 以 -ch, -sh, -ss, -x 结尾 加 -es watch → watches, wash → washes, dress → dresses, fix → fixes 以辅音字母 + o 结尾 加 -es go → goes, do → does 特殊不规则变化 单独记忆 have → has Language Points 1.Daniel often visits science museums. 丹尼尔经常参观科学博物馆。 此句用于描述主语（Daniel）在日常生活中反复发生、习惯性的动作。句中的频度副词 often（经常）是标志性词汇，动词 visit 因为主语是第三人称单数（Daniel/He），所以加了 -s 变为 visits。 例：She usually reads books before bed. 她通常在睡前看书。 2. Science changes people’s lives. 科学改变人们的生活。 此句用于陈述一个不受时间限制的客观事实或普遍真理。主语 Science 是不可数名词（视为第三人称单数），因此行为动词 change 后加 -s 变为 changes。 例：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 3. Daniel likes to take things apart. 丹尼尔喜欢把东西拆开。 此句用于描述主语当前的心理状态、偏好或特征。like 是表示心理状态的行为动词，主语为第三人称单数，故用 likes。后面的 take things apart 是课本中的核心短语，意为“拆卸”。 例：My brother loves playing basketball. 我哥哥热爱打篮球。 4. He does not like sport. / My mum doesn't like swimming. 他不喜欢运动。 / 我妈妈不喜欢游泳。 当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it）时，行为动词的否定句需要借助助动词 does not (doesn't)，并且其后的行为动词必须还原为原形（如 like，不能加 -s）。如果主语是 I/you/we/they，则使用 do not (don't)。 例：She doesn't eat meat. 她不吃肉。 5. Does she help you a lot? — Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 她经常帮助你吗？——是的，她经常帮助。/ 不，她不常帮助。 一般疑问句将助动词 Do 或 Does 提至句首。主语为第三人称单数时用 Does，其余人称用 Do。助动词后的行为动词一律用原形（如 help）。回答时，肯定用 Yes, 主语 + do/does，否定用 No, 主语 + don't/doesn't。 例：Do they play football every day? — Yes, they do. 他们每天踢足球吗？——是的，他们每天踢。 Exercise 30 选择题 —______ Tom play basketball after school? —No, he ______. He often does his homework. A. Do; don’t B. Does; doesn’t C. Is; isn’t D. Does; don’t 2.Which sentence is CORRECT about the simple present tense? A. She go to school at 7:00 every day. B. He doesn’t likes swimming. C. Water boils at 100°C. D. Do she often read novels? B C 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 She ______ (read) English books every morning. My brother (not like) playing computer games. ______ your father ______ (watch) TV in the evening? The sun ______ (rise) in the east. They often ______ (go) to the library on Sundays. reads doesn’t like Does watch rises go Summary Summary 三大用法：描述经常性/习惯性动作（常伴often等频度副词）、陈述客观真理/科学事实、表达当前状态或心理特征（如like, want）。 三种句式： 肯定句：注意主语为三单时动词加-s/-es； 否定句：借助don't/doesn't，后接动词原形； 疑问句：Do/Does提至句首，回答用Yes/No + do/does/don't/doesn't。 核心口诀：“三单变化有规则，否疑助动要记得；助动之后用原形，时态语境要吻合。” Homework Homework Review: Make 3 sentences about your hobby using the simple present tense (affirmative, negative & question). Preview: Preview the next lesson. SEE YOU NEXT CLASS! 37 $