Unit3 The Art of Painting语法(v-ing和v-ed作表语)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语导学案聚焦V-ing与v-ed作表语语法点，通过课本例句引入，先呈现"shocked/astonishing"等现象，再讲解基础概念、与进行时/被动语态的辨析及特殊情况，搭建从具体到抽象的学习支架，连接系动词用法，为后续分词作定语拓展铺垫。 资料特色在于用对比表格清晰呈现-ing/-ed区别，配套练习分单句填空、句型转换、汉译英层次递进，强化语言能力。特殊情况讲解培养辩证思维提升思维品质，练习设计引导学生主动调适策略发展学习能力，助力高效掌握语法点。

Unit3 The Art of Painting语法讲解与练习 V-ing 与 ved 作表语 1.Many were shocked by his powerful paintings.（ved 作表语） 很多人被他极具冲击力的画作震撼。 2.His paintings are astonishing.（ving 作表语）他的画作令人惊叹。 3.The scene is fascinating.（ving 作表语）这个场景十分迷人。 4.He felt depressed.（ved 作表语）他感到抑郁沮丧。 核心：此处 ving、ved 已经演化成形容词化的分词，放在 be/get/become/seem/look/sound/feel 等系动词后作表语，构成主系表结构。 ⚠️不是进行时,不是被动语态！进行时/被动后面有动作含义,而分词作表语侧重描述主语的性质、特征、感受状态。 一、基础概念 1.ving 作表语（ing 形容词） 含义：令人……的，用来描述事物本身具有的性质、特点，主语通常是物；表示事物给人带来什么样的感受。 2.ved 作表语（ed 形容词） 含义：（人）感到……的，用来描述人的内心感受、情绪状态，主语通常是人；表达人被外界事物触发产生的主观感受。 本质理解： ving：主动含义，事物 “令人产生某种情绪” ved：被动含义，人 “被…… 弄得产生某种情绪” ing(令人……)修饰事物 ed(感到……)修饰人 中文释义 exciting excited 令人激动的 / 感到激动的 surprising surprised 令人惊讶的 / 感到惊讶的 astonishing astonished 令人震惊的 / 感到震惊的 shocking shocked 令人震撼的 / 感到震惊的 fascinating fascinated 令人着迷的 / 感到着迷的 disappointing disappointed 令人失望的 / 感到失望的 depressing depressed 令人压抑的 / 感到沮丧的 tiring tired 令人疲惫的 / 感到疲惫的 boring bored 令人乏味的 / 感到乏味的 interesting interested 有趣的 / 感兴趣的 课本例句拆解 1.His paintings are astonishing.（ving 作表语） 他的画作令人惊叹。 →主语 paintings 是物，画作带给人的感受。 2.Many were shocked by his powerful paintings.（ved 作表语） 很多人感到震撼。 →主语 many（people），人的内心感受。 3.The scene is fascinating.（ving）这景色令人着迷。 4.He felt depressed.（ved）他感到沮丧。 二、重点辨析：ving /ved 作表语 VS 进行时态 VS 被动语态（高频易错） 同样是 be + doing / be + done，三种完全不同语法功能。 1. be + ving（分词作表语）VS 现在进行时 ✅The story is exciting.（作表语）这个故事很激动人心。 →exciting 形容词，描述主语特征，无正在进行的动作含义，不能改成 “正在激动”。 ❌不要和进行时混淆： He is painting.（现在进行时）他正在画画。 →paint 是实义动词，强调 “正在发生的动作”。 判断小技巧： be + doing，如果可以替换成 very/rather（很，相当），语义通顺，就是ving 作表语； 如果是动作，可以翻译 “正在……”，就是现在进行时。 2. be + ved（分词作表语）VS 被动语态 ✅He was shocked.（ed 作表语）他感到震惊。 →描述主语状态，侧重人的情绪；不强调动作，不突出 “被谁做”。 ✅He was shocked by the painting.（ed 作表语，by 引出触发情绪的事物） 他被这幅画作震撼了。 ❌被动语态：The picture was painted by a famous artist. 这幅画是一位名家画的。 →被动语态，强调 “被某人完成的动作”。 判断小技巧 1.被动语态：强调动作，大多可以接 by + 动作执行者；可以改成主动句。 2.ed 分词作表语：侧重主语的情绪、状态；by 后面多是事物（触发情绪），不是动作执行者。 三、特殊情况（考试难点，不要死板记 “物用 ing，人用 ed”） 口诀只是一般规律，存在例外： 情况 1：主语是人，也可以用 ving 作表语 此时 ving 描述人的性格、特质，这个人带给别人的感受。 He is amusing. 他这个人很风趣。（他令别人觉得好笑） 对比： He is amused. 他感到开心。（他自己内心的感受） 情况 2：主语是事物，也可以用 ved 作表语 表示事物本身处于某种状态，不是情绪。 The window is broken. 窗户碎了。（状态，ed 作表语） The ground is covered with snow. 地上覆盖着雪。 总结规则： ✅ ving：表达 “主语带给别人的感觉”（不管是人还是物作主语） ✅ ved：表达 “主语自身感受到的情绪/主语所处的状态”（不管是人还是物作主语） 情况 3：常见系动词拓展（不止 be 动词） 除 am/is/are，下面系动词后面同样可以接 ving /ved 作表语： feel, look, seem, become, get, turn, remain 1.She felt discouraged. 她感到灰心。 2.The art show looks exciting. 这场艺术展看起来令人振奋。 3.He got interested in oilpainting. 他对油画产生了兴趣。 四、易混易错总结表格 结构 ving 作表语 ved 作表语 基本含义 令人…的（给他人带来感受） 感到… 的/处于…状态（自身感受/状态） 主语特点 多为物；也可以是人（描述人的特质） 多为人；也可以是物（描述事物状态） 本质 主动含义 被动含义 very 修饰 ✔可以 ✔可以 例句 The exhibition is fascinating. 展览令人着迷 Visitors are fascinated. 参观者感到着迷 ⚠️高频改错示例 1.❌ I am exciting about the painting show. ✅ I am excited about the painting show.（我感到兴奋） 2.❌ The painting is surprised. ✅ The painting is surprising.（画作令人惊讶） 3.❌ He was very shocking at the scene. ✅ He was very shocked at the scene.（他感到震惊） 4.❌ The boy is boring, so no one wants to stay with him. ✅ The boy is bored.（男孩自己感到无聊） 五、拓展：分词作定语 vs 分词作表语（区分） 1.The surprising painting attracted many visitors.（作定语，修饰 painting） 这幅令人惊叹的画作吸引很多参观者。 2.The painting is surprising.（作表语，be 后）这幅画作令人惊叹。 作定语：放在名词前修饰名词； 作表语：放在系动词之后。 【配套练习】 Ⅰ. 单句填空（用所给词的ing 或ed 形式填空） 1.Many visitors felt ________ (shock) at the painter’s unusual works. 2.The abstract painting is really ________ (astonish); no one can fully understand it. 3.He got ________ (disappoint) when he failed to finish his oilpainting. 4.The scenery in this painting looks ________ (fascinate). 5.The artist felt ________ (depress) after his works were refused by the gallery. 6.It is ________ (tire) to spend a whole day appreciating thousands of paintings. 7.The little girl was ________ (interest) in traditional Chinese landscape paintings. 8.What he painted is ________ (surprise), which goes against traditional styles. 9.She seemed ________ (bore) with those old, repeated works of art. 10.The long speech about painting skills was ________ (bore), so many listeners left. 11.Everyone was ________ (excite) about the coming art exhibition. 12.The colours of the painting are ________ (amaze). 13.He became ________ (discourage) when his painting got little praise. 14.The painter’s creative ideas are ________ (inspire). 15.Viewers are ________ (move) by the painter’s description of ordinary people’s life. 16.It is ________ (frustrate) to wait for hours just for a short look at the famous painting. 17.The young artist felt ________ (satisfy) with his newlyfinished work. 18.The details in this ancient painting are ________ (confuse) for modern teenagers. 19.She was ________ (puzzle) by the hidden meaning behind the painting. 20.The painter is ________ (amuse); he always tells funny stories while creating. Ⅱ. 句型转换 1.The painting makes people feel amazed.（改为 ving 作表语） ____________________________________________ 2.People feel shocked when they see this violent painting.（改为 ved 作表语） ____________________________________________ 3.The art show is very interesting.（用ed 分词改写主语为 visitors） ____________________________________________ 4.What the artist did surprised all the visitors.（改为 ving 作表语） ____________________________________________ 5.He felt disappointed because he couldn’t sell his paintings.（用 get 改写系表结构） ____________________________________________ 6.The scene in the picture fascinates thousands of tourists.（ving 作表语） ____________________________________________ 7.Many viewers felt tired after enjoying so many works.（用ing 改写主语为 The long visit） ____________________________________________ 8.The boy was interested in oil painting.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________ 9.The painting is boring, so many visitors leave quickly.（改为同义句，主语改为 Many visitors） ____________________________________________ 10.It amazed all of us that he finished such a great work in one week.（改为 ving 作表语） ____________________________________________ Ⅲ. 汉译英 1.这幅油画的色彩令人震撼。 ____________________________________________ 2.看到这幅名画，很多游客感到十分激动。 ____________________________________________ 3.这位画家对自己的作品感到失望。 ____________________________________________ 4.画展上的抽象作品令人困惑。 ____________________________________________ 5.看完一整天的展览后，我们感到疲惫。 ____________________________________________ 6.他讲的关于绘画的故事很有趣。 ____________________________________________ 7.看到祖国大好河山的画作，我深受感动。 ____________________________________________ 8.这位年轻艺术家似乎对传统绘画很感兴趣。 ____________________________________________ 9.漫长的艺术讲座令人乏味，不少观众感到无聊。 ____________________________________________ 10.画家的想象力令人鼓舞，我们都受到了启发。 ____________________________________________ keys Ⅰ. 单句填空 1.shocked 2.astonishing 3.disappointed 4.fascinating 5.depressed 6.tiring 7.interested 8.surprising 9.bored 10.boring 11.excited 12.amazing 13.discouraged 14.inspiring 15.moved 16.frustrating 17.satisfied 18.confusing 19.puzzled 20.amusing Ⅱ. 句型转换 1.The painting is amazing. 2.Many people are shocked at / by this violent painting. 3.The visitors are interested in the art show. 4.What the artist did is surprising. 5.He got disappointed because he couldn’t sell his paintings. 6.The scene in the picture is fascinating. 7.The long visit is tiring for many viewers. 8.How did the boy feel about oil painting? 9.Many visitors feel bored because the painting is boring. 10.Finishing such a great work in one week is amazing. Ⅲ. 汉译英参考译文 1.The colours of this oil painting are shocking. 2.Many visitors felt excited when they saw this famous painting. 3.The painter was disappointed with his own works. 4.The abstract works at the art show are confusing. 5.We felt tired after enjoying the exhibition for a whole day. 6.The stories he told about painting are amusing. 7.I was deeply moved by the paintings of our motherland’s great rivers and mountains. 8.The young artist seems interested in traditional painting. 9.The long art lecture is boring and many audience members feel bored. 10.The painter’s imagination is inspiring and we are all inspired. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $