内容正文:
定语从句高考英语真题汇编与翻译专项训练
(学生版)
( 2020—2026年全国各卷真题精选 +
读后续写翻译专项 + Unit 1人物话题翻译)
第一部分 高考英语真题 · 定语从句考点汇编
(2020—2026年全国各卷真题精选)
1.(2026新高考Ⅰ卷)
Dajis evolved from the folk custom of trading goods, ______ can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (202 B.C.−A.D. 220).
2.(2026新高考Ⅱ卷)
We move on to tai chi positions, of ______ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches.
3.(2026全国乙卷)
Lisa respected her elders, ______ teacher had deep understanding of Tai Chi culture.
4.(2025全国Ⅰ卷)
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ______ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
5.(2025全国Ⅱ卷)
I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China, ______ bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains.
6.(2025浙江1月卷)
Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ______ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes.
7.(2025北京卷)
Tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ______ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.
8.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)
The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route ______ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia.
9.(2024全国甲卷)
Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, ______ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980.
10.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)
Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as "the Shakespeare of Asia," add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon.
11.(2024浙江1月卷)
Shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ______ will make them the most money.
12.(2023全国乙卷)
Beijing is also a place ______ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.
13.(2023全国甲卷)
"There was once a town in the heart of America, ______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings," her fable begins, ______ Rachel Carson says in "A Fable for Tomorrow."
14.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)
The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ______ live within the Giant Panda Range.
15.(2022全国甲卷)
The man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.
16.(2022浙江1月卷)
Kim Cobb is one of a small but growing minority of academics ______ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
17.(2021新高考Ⅱ卷)
The company ______ uses a large amount of plastic in its packaging has announced a new sustainability plan.
18.(2021天津卷)
William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ______ we can learn without repeating them.
19.(2020全国Ⅰ卷)
Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ______ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
20.(2020全国Ⅲ卷)
In ancient China lived an artist ______ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud.
第二部分 :高中英语选择性必修一 Unit 1 翻译专项训练
(定语从句)
1. 屠呦呦是一位致力于寻找治疗疟疾新方法的科学家,她的研究最终促成了青蒿素的发现。
____________________________________________________________
2. 袁隆平被誉为"杂交水稻之父",他毕生致力于提高水稻产量,从而帮助无数人摆脱了饥饿。
____________________________________________________________
3. 林巧稚是一位伟大的医生,她一生接生了成千上万个婴儿,许多产妇都对她充满了感激之情。
____________________________________________________________
4. 在2003年非典和2020年新冠疫情期间,钟南山始终站在抗击病毒的最前线,这赢得了全国人民的高度尊敬。
____________________________________________________________
5. 屠呦呦重新研读了古代医学文献,在其中她偶然发现了一句提示用低温提取青蒿有效成分的句子。
____________________________________________________________
6. 袁隆平常常把自己看作一个农民,为了这个身份,他在田间地头奋斗了数十年。
____________________________________________________________
7. 钟南山是一位总是坚持用事实说话的专家,他所展现出的实事求是的态度激励了无数年轻一代。
____________________________________________________________
8. 林巧稚终身未婚,却将全部的爱与精力都奉献给了她的病人,她是我们所有人学习的榜样。
____________________________________________________________
9. 青蒿素的成功绝不是一个人的功劳,它是整个科研团队共同努力的结果,这个团队在极其艰苦的条件下依然坚持不懈。
____________________________________________________________
10. 这些杰出人物所取得的成就不仅属于他们自己,也属于整个中华民族,正是他们的无私奉献改变了世界。
____________________________________________________________
11. 正如每个人所知,屠呦呦因发现青蒿素而获得了2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
____________________________________________________________
12. 袁隆平永远不会忘记那个年代,那时粮食短缺,许多人都在挨饿。
____________________________________________________________
13. 钟南山曾在武汉抗疫一线工作,在那里他亲自指导重症患者的救治工作。
____________________________________________________________
14. 正如林巧稚自己所展示的那样,她始终将病人的需求置于自身利益之上。
____________________________________________________________
15. 1972年是一个里程碑式的年份,那时屠呦呦团队终于成功提取出了青蒿素。
____________________________________________________________
第三部分 读后续写翻译专项训练(定语从句)
1. 【人物描写】
那位穿着破旧夹克的老人站在雨中,用慈祥的眼神看着我。
____________________________________________________________
2. 【情绪描写】
我注意到一个年轻女子,她的眼里充满了泪水,显然她刚刚经历了一场情感风暴。
____________________________________________________________
3. 【场景描写】
我们穿过一片森林,那里的树都有几百年的树龄,阳光透过树叶洒下斑驳的光影。
____________________________________________________________
4. 【动作描写】
他深吸了一口气,然后向前迈了一步,这标志着他终于克服了多年来阻碍他的恐惧。
____________________________________________________________
5. 【环境烘托】
那个空了多年的房间布满了灰尘,这让人不禁回想起那些充满欢声笑语的日子。
____________________________________________________________
6. 【心理描写】
看着镜中自信的自己,她终于明白:真正的勇气不是不害怕,而是尽管害怕仍继续前行。
____________________________________________________________
7. 【人物性格】
她是那种总是把别人放在自己前面的女孩,无论发生什么都永不放弃。
____________________________________________________________
8. 【情节转折】
那个让他们分离多年的误会终于消除了,这标志着他们友谊的新篇章。
____________________________________________________________
9. 【社会场景】
志愿者们手捧蜡烛,在广场上围成圈,为地震灾区祈福,这温暖了每一个在场者的心。
____________________________________________________________
10. 【成长蜕变】
那段曾击垮他的经历最终让他变得更强大,他变成了一个不再害怕失败的人。
____________________________________________________________
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定语从句高考英语真题汇编与翻译专项训练
(教师版.2020—2026年全国各卷真题精选 + 读后续写翻译专项 + Unit 1人物话题翻译)
第一部分 高考英语真题 · 定语从句考点汇编
(2020—2026年全国各卷真题精选)
1.(2026新高考Ⅰ卷)
Dajis evolved from the folk custom of trading goods, ______ can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (202 B.C.−A.D. 220).
【答案】which
【解析】非限制性定语从句,先行词为the folk custom of trading goods(以物易物的民间习俗),指物,在从句中作主语,非限制性定语从句不能用that,故用which。
【参考译文】大集演变自以物易物的民间习俗,这一习俗可追溯至汉代(公元前202年—公元220年)。
2.(2026新高考Ⅱ卷)
We move on to tai chi positions, of ______ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches.
【答案】which
【解析】"介词+关系代词"结构引导非限制性定语从句。先行词为positions(招式),指物;介词of提前,介词后只能用which,不能用that。
【参考译文】我们接着学习太极招式,Angela所教的流派中有四十二种招式。
3.(2026全国乙卷)
Lisa respected her elders, ______ teacher had deep understanding of Tai Chi culture.
【答案】whose
【解析】非限制性定语从句,先行词为elders(长辈),指人;从句中teacher与elders之间为所属关系(即"长辈们的"),用whose引导定语从句。
【参考译文】Lisa尊敬她的长辈们,她长辈们对太极文化有着深刻的理解。
4.(2025全国Ⅰ卷)
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ______ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
【答案】which
【解析】非限制性定语从句,先行词为Go(围棋),指物,在从句中作主语,用which。
【参考译文】上海九石美术馆正在展出以围棋(中国称"围棋")为灵感的艺术作品,其起源于4000多年前的中国。
5.(2025全国Ⅱ卷)
I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China, ______ bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains.
【答案】where
【解析】先行词为地点(countryside),从句成分完整,缺地点状语,用where。
【参考译文】我住在中国浙江的乡村,那里竹子和茶树在山里野生生长。
6.(2025浙江1月卷)
Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ______ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes.
【答案】which
【解析】非限制性定语从句,先行词为clothing,指物,在从句中作宾语,用which。
【参考译文】Tanya还将目光从特殊场合的礼服转向不太正式的服装,她计划将其包装为胶囊衣橱。
7.(2025北京卷)
Tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ______ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.
【答案】which
【解析】非限制性定语从句,which指代前面整个主句内容。
【参考译文】去年游客留下了超过13亿吨食物浪费,这占2024年全球气体排放总量的约8%。
8.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)
The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route ______ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia.
【答案】that / which
【解析】限制性定语从句,先行词为the Silk Route,指物,在从句中作主语。
【参考译文】玻璃温室是当代设计的一项伟大成就,旨在容纳中国西南地区的植物;它位于一条小径的尽头,这条小径追溯着沿着丝绸之路将植物从亚洲原产地带出来的步骤。
9.(2024全国甲卷)
Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, ______ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980.
【答案】which
【解析】非限制性定语从句,先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias(公园名),指物,用which。
【参考译文】位于阿拉斯加南部的Wrangell-Saint Elias,它在1978年成为国家纪念碑,于1980年荣获国家公园的称号。
10.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)
Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as "the Shakespeare of Asia," add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon.
【答案】who
【解析】非限制性定语从句,先行词为Tang Xianzu(人名),指人,在从句中作主语,用who。
【参考译文】纪念汤显祖的中国文化元素,他被称为"东方莎士比亚",为斯特拉特福-阿冯增添了国际色彩。
11.(2024浙江1月卷)
Shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ______ will make them the most money.
【答案】that / which
【解析】限制性定语从句,先行词为the way,在从句中作主语。
【参考译文】商店不是慈善机构——它们以能赚最多钱的方式给商品定价。
12.(2023全国乙卷)
Beijing is also a place ______ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.
【答案】that / which
【解析】限制性定语从句,先行词为a place,但从句中welcomes缺主语,所以用关系代词that/which,而非where。
【参考译文】北京也是一个欢迎现代快节奏发展的地方。
13.(2023全国甲卷)
"There was once a town in the heart of America, ______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings," her fable begins, ______ Rachel Carson says in "A Fable for Tomorrow."
【答案】where;as
【解析】第一空先行词为town,从句成分完整,缺地点状语,用where;第二空as引导非限制性定语从句,意为"正如",指代整个主句内容。
【参考译文】"在美国腹地曾有一个小镇,所有生命似乎都与周围环境和谐共处,"她的寓言这样开篇,正如Rachel Carson在《明天的寓言》中所说。
14.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)
The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ______ live within the Giant Panda Range.
【答案】that
【解析】先行词species被all修饰,属于"先行词被all修饰"的情况,优先用that。
【参考译文】大熊猫国家公园旨在为所有生活在大熊猫分布区内的物种提供更强的保护。
15.(2022全国甲卷)
The man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.
【答案】who
【解析】非限制性定语从句,先行词为Cao Shengkang(人名),指人,在从句中作主语,用who。
【参考译文】曹升康这个人,他在八岁时因车祸失明,跨越了三省四十个城市和县。
16.(2022浙江1月卷)
Kim Cobb is one of a small but growing minority of academics ______ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
【答案】who / that
【解析】先行词为academics(学者),指人,在从句中作主语。
【参考译文】Kim Cobb是学者中一个虽小但不断增长的少数群体的一员,他们因气候变化而减少航空旅行。
17.(2021新高考Ⅱ卷)
The company ______ uses a large amount of plastic in its packaging has announced a new sustainability plan.
【答案】that / which
【解析】限制性定语从句,先行词为company,指物,在从句中作主语。
【参考译文】在其包装中使用大量塑料的公司已经宣布了一项新的可持续发展计划。
18.(2021天津卷)
William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ______ we can learn without repeating them.
【答案】from which
【解析】"介词+关系代词"结构,learn from past mistakes → from which。
【参考译文】William Hastie曾建议,历史会告诉我们过去的错误,我们可以从中学习而不重蹈覆辙。
19.(2020全国Ⅰ卷)
Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ______ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为a spot,还原到定语从句中为:it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth in the spot。先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,因此引导词用关系副词where。
【参考译文】由于月球本体阻挡了与探测器的直接无线电通信,中国首先必须将一颗卫星送入月球轨道上的一个位置,在那里它可以向航天器和地球发送信号。
20.(2020全国Ⅲ卷)
In ancient China lived an artist ______ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为artist,从句中paintings与artist之间为所属关系(即"画家的画"),用whose引导定语从句。
【参考译文】在古代中国有一位画家,他的画作几乎栩栩如生。这位画家的名声使他变得骄傲。
考点分布总结
考点类型
考查频次
占比
关系代词(that/which/who)
约11次
约55%
关系副词(where/when)
约5次
约25%
特殊结构(whose/as/介词+关系代词)
约4次
约20%
备考提示:近年高考定语从句最高频的考点是关系代词的选择(尤其是that与which的区分、非限制性从句中which/who的用法),其次是关系副词where的考查。解题关键在于三步:①确定先行词 → ②分析从句缺什么成分 → ③匹配对应的关系词。2026年真题进一步印证了这一规律:新高考Ⅰ卷考查非限制性定语从句(which),新高考Ⅱ卷考查"介词+关系代词"结构(of which),全国乙卷考查whose所属关系,覆盖了定语从句的核心考点。
第二部分 高中英语选择性必修一 Unit 1 翻译专项训练(定语从句)
1. 【屠呦呦·科研探索】
【中文】屠呦呦是一位致力于寻找治疗疟疾新方法的科学家,她的研究最终促成了青蒿素的发现。
【答案】Tu Youyou is a committed scientist who was dedicated to finding a new treatment for malaria, whose research eventually led to the discovery of artemisinin.
【解析】第一个who引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词scientist,在从句中作主语;第二个whose引导非限制性定语从句,表示所属关系(她的研究),在从句中作定语。
2. 【袁隆平·杂交水稻】
【中文】袁隆平被誉为"杂交水稻之父",他毕生致力于提高水稻产量,从而帮助无数人摆脱了饥饿。
【答案】Yuan Longping, who is honored as the "Father of Hybrid Rice", devoted his life to increasing rice yields, which helped countless people get rid of hunger.
【解析】who引导非限制性定语从句,补充说明袁隆平的称号;which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面"提高水稻产量"这整个事件,在从句中作主语。
3. 【林巧稚·医者仁心】
【中文】林巧稚是一位伟大的医生,她一生接生了成千上万个婴儿,许多产妇都对她充满了感激之情。
【答案】Lin Qiaozhi was a great doctor who delivered thousands of babies in her lifetime, and many mothers were full of gratitude towards her.
【解析】使用who引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词doctor,在从句中作主语,突出人物的职业成就与奉献精神。
4. 【钟南山·抗疫先锋】
【中文】在2003年非典和2020年新冠疫情期间,钟南山始终站在抗击病毒的最前线,这赢得了全国人民的高度尊敬。
【答案】During the SARS outbreak in 2003 and the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, Zhong Nanshan always stood at the forefront of fighting viruses, which won high respect from people all over the country.
【解析】which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面"始终站在抗击病毒最前线"的整个行为,在从句中作主语,升华人物精神。
5. 【屠呦呦·古籍启发】
【中文】屠呦呦重新研读了古代医学文献,在其中她偶然发现了一句提示用低温提取青蒿有效成分的句子。
【答案】Tu Youyou re-examined ancient medical texts, in which she accidentally found a sentence suggesting a different way to extract the active substance from wormwood.
【解析】使用"介词+关系代词"结构in which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词texts,in which在从句中作地点状语,相当于where。
6. 【袁隆平·田间坚守】
【中文】袁隆平常常把自己看作一个农民,为了这个身份,他在田间地头奋斗了数十年。
【答案】Yuan Longping often considered himself a farmer, for whom he had struggled in the fields for decades.
【解析】使用"介词+关系代词"结构for whom引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词farmer(指人),for whom在从句中作目的状语,体现人物的谦逊与执着。
7. 【钟南山·科学态度】
【中文】钟南山是一位总是坚持用事实说话的专家,他所展现出的实事求是的态度激励了无数年轻一代。
【答案】Zhong Nanshan is an expert who always insists on speaking with facts, and the realistic attitude that he has demonstrated has inspired countless young generations.
【解析】第一个who引导限制性定语从句修饰expert;第二个that引导限制性定语从句修饰attitude,在从句中作demonstrated的宾语(作宾语时可省略)。
8. 【林巧稚·无私奉献】
【中文】林巧稚终身未婚,却将全部的爱与精力都奉献给了她的病人,她是我们所有人学习的榜样。
【答案】Lin Qiaozhi never married, but devoted all her love and energy to her patients, who is the role model that we should all learn from.
【解析】who引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面的林巧稚;that引导限制性定语从句修饰role models,在从句中作learn from的宾语。
9. 【屠呦呦·团队精神】
【中文】青蒿素的成功绝不是一个人的功劳,它是整个科研团队共同努力的结果,这个团队在极其艰苦的条件下依然坚持不懈。
【答案】The success of artemisinin was by no means the achievement of a single person; it was the result of the joint efforts of the whole research team, who never gave up despite extremely harsh conditions.
【解析】who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the whole research team(团队作为一个集体,谓语动词用复数),在从句中作主语,强调团队协作精神。
10. 【人物成就总结】
【中文】这些杰出人物所取得的成就不仅属于他们自己,也属于整个中华民族,正是他们的无私奉献改变了世界。
【答案】The achievements that/which these outstanding people have made belong not only to themselves but also to the entire Chinese nation, and it is their selfless devotion that has changed the world.
【解析】第一个that/which引导限制性定语从句修饰achievements,在从句中作made的宾语;第二个that是强调句型(It is... that...)的引导词,注意此处不是定语从句,但常与定语从句结合考查。
11. 【as·正如】(屠呦呦·科研探索)
【中文】正如每个人所知,屠呦呦因发现青蒿素而获得了2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
【答案】As everyone knows, Tu Youyou was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of artemisinin.
【解析】as引导非限制性定语从句,意为"正如",指代整个主句内容。as作为关系代词引导定语从句时,只能放在句首,这是高考高频考点。
12. 【when·时间】(袁隆平·杂交水稻)
【中文】袁隆平永远不会忘记那个年代,那时粮食短缺,许多人都在挨饿。
【答案】Yuan Longping would never forget the time when food was scarce and many people were suffering from hunger.
【解析】when引导定语从句修饰先行词the time,在从句中作时间状语。when作为关系副词,相当于at/in which。
13. 【where·地点】(钟南山·抗疫先锋)
【中文】钟南山曾在武汉抗疫一线工作,在那里他亲自指导重症患者的救治工作。
【答案】Zhong Nanshan worked on the front line of the anti-epidemic effort in Wuhan, where he personally supervised the treatment of severe patients.
【解析】where引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Wuhan(或the front line),在从句中作地点状语。where作为关系副词,相当于in which。
14. 【as·正如】(林巧稚·医者仁心)
【中文】正如林巧稚自己所展示的那样,她始终将病人的需求置于自身利益之上。
【答案】As Lin Qiaozhi herself demonstrated, she always put her patients' needs before her own.
【解析】as引导非限制性定语从句,意为"正如",指代整个主句内容。as在从句中作demonstrated的主语,相当于"正像……那样"。
15. 【when·时间】(屠呦呦·古籍启发)
【中文】1972年是一个里程碑式的年份,那时屠呦呦团队终于成功提取出了青蒿素。
【答案】1972 was a milestone year when Tu Youyou's team finally succeeded in extracting artemisinin.
【解析】when引导定语从句修饰先行词a milestone year,在从句中作时间状语。when修饰表示时间的名词,是高考常见考点。
第3部分 高中英语读后续写翻译专项训练
(定语从句)
(涵盖人物描写、情绪描写、场景描写、动作描写、环境烘托等读后续写常见场景)
1. 【人物描写】
【中文】那位穿着破旧夹克的老人站在雨中,用慈祥的眼神看着我。
【答案】The old man, who was wearing a worn-out jacket, stood in the rain and looked at me with kind eyes.
【解析】使用who引导非限制性定语从句,补充说明老人的外貌特征,使人物形象更加立体。
2. 【情绪描写】
【中文】我注意到一个年轻女子,她的眼里充满了泪水,显然她刚刚经历了一场情感风暴。
【答案】I noticed a young woman whose eyes were filled with tears, and it was obvious that she had just experienced an emotional storm.
【解析】使用whose引导定语从句,表示所属关系(她的眼睛),生动刻画人物悲伤的情绪细节。
3. 【场景描写】
【中文】我们穿过一片森林,那里的树都有几百年的树龄,阳光透过树叶洒下斑驳的光影。
【答案】We walked through a forest where the trees were hundreds of years old, and the sunlight filtered through the leaves, casting dappled shadows.
【解析】使用where引导定语从句,修饰先行词forest,在从句中作地点状语,增强环境的画面感。
4. 【动作描写】
【中文】他深吸了一口气,然后向前迈了一步,这标志着他终于克服了多年来阻碍他的恐惧。
【答案】He took a deep breath and stepped forward, which marked that he had finally overcome the fear that/which had held him back for years.
【解析】包含两个定语从句:which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面"深吸一口气并迈步"的整个动作;that/which引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the fear。
5. 【环境烘托】
【中文】那个空了多年的房间布满了灰尘,这让人不禁回想起那些充满欢声笑语的日子。
【答案】The room, which had been empty for years, was covered with dust, bringing back the days when it was filled with laughter.
【解析】which补充说明房间的状态;when引导定语从句修饰the days,在从句中作时间状语,通过环境烘托怀旧情绪。
6. 【心理描写】
【中文】看着镜中自信的自己,她终于明白:真正的勇气不是不害怕,而是尽管害怕仍继续前行。
【答案】Looking at her confident self in the mirror, she finally realized that true courage was not the absence of fear, but proceeding despite it, which was a lesson that had changed her life.
【解析】which引导非限制性定语从句,对前面的感悟进行总结升华;that引导限制性定语从句修饰lesson,点明成长主题。
7. 【人物性格】
【中文】她是那种总是把别人放在自己前面的女孩,无论发生什么都永不放弃。
【答案】She was the kind of girl who always put others before herself and never gave up no matter what happened.
【解析】使用who引导限制性定语从句,修饰the kind of girl,集中展现人物的性格特质与精神内核。
8. 【情节转折】
【中文】那个让他们分离多年的误会终于消除了,这标志着他们友谊的新篇章。
【答案】The misunderstanding that/which had separated them for years was finally cleared up, which marked a new chapter in their friendship.
【解析】第一个that/which作主语修饰misunderstanding;第二个which指代"误会消除"这一事件,推动情节发展。
9. 【社会场景】
【中文】志愿者们手捧蜡烛,在广场上围成圈,为地震灾区祈福,这温暖了每一个在场者的心。
【答案】With candles in their hands, volunteers formed a circle in the square, praying for the earthquake-stricken area, which warmed the heart of everyone who was present.
【解析】which指代前面志愿者祈福的整个场景;who修饰everyone,在从句中作主语,升华互助主题。
10. 【成长蜕变】
【中文】那段曾击垮他的经历最终让他变得更强大,他变成了一个不再害怕失败的人。
【答案】The experience that/which had broken him eventually made him stronger, and he became a person who was no longer afraid of failure.
【解析】两个定语从句分别修饰experience和person,形成对比,突出人物在挫折后的成长与蜕变。
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