Unit3 same or different 语法 (比较级 + as ...as ） 导学案-2026-2027学年人教版八年级上

该初中英语导学案围绕比较级与as...as用法展开，引导学生掌握比较级构成规则、同级比较用法及易错点，通过Unit 3“Same or Different?”主题导入，从形容词/副词原级复习过渡到比较级形式、用法差异及常见错误提醒，搭建从基础到应用的学习支架。 资料特色在于语法与语篇深度融合，以跳水运动员“队友与对手”真实故事为语篇载体，渗透文化意识（团队协作精神），分层练习（填空、句型转换）提升语言能力，书面表达要求结合个人事例运用比较级，培养思维品质，参考答案解析详尽，助力学生自主学习，有效提升学习能力。

比较级 + as ... as Unit 3 Same or Different? 第一部分 核心语法精讲与练习 一、比较级与 as ... as [比较级的构成] 单音节直接 + er：tall—taller, fast—faster, hard—harder； 重读闭音节双写 + er：big—bigger, thin—thinner； 辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 er：funny—funnier, early—earlier； 多音节词前加 more：outgoing—more outgoing, beautiful—more beautiful； 不规则变化：good/well—better, bad—worse, many/much—more。 [用法] ① 两者比较：A + 比较级 + than + B。例句：Emma is taller than Ella. / Ella dances better than Emma. ② 同级比较：as + 形容词/副词原级 + as（否定：not as/so ... as）。 例句：I work as hard as her. / Tom is not as tall as Jack. ③ 比较级前可用 much, a little, even 修饰：much better, a little taller。 ④ than 前后比较对象要一致：Her hair is longer than Emma's（= Emma's hair）。 [易错提醒] ① more 不能修饰比较级（more taller 错误）。 ② as...as 中间必须用原级（as taller as 错误）。 ③ 副词比较级修饰动词：Ella dances better than Emma.（不用 good） ④ population 表示人口多少用 large/small，不用 many/much： The population of Guangzhou is larger than that of Vancouver. 语法练习 A ------ 写出下列词的比较级 1. tall ______ 2. funny ______ 3. thin ______ 4. outgoing ______ 5. good ______ 6. hard ______ 7. beautiful ______ 8. much ______ 9. early ______ 10. bad ______ 语法练习 B ------ 用比较级或 as...as 填空 1. Chen Jie plays the Chinese flute better than ______ else in the club. 2. My brother is two years ______ than me. 3. The twins look the same, but one is much ______ outgoing than the other. 4. Helen dances as ______ as her sister. 5. This problem is not as ______ as that one. 6. In 2024, the population of Guangzhou was much ______ than that of Vancouver. 7. My "running buddy" runs faster than ______, but my best friend understands me ______. 8. The more you practise, the ______ you will play. 语法练习 C ------ 句型转换 1. Tom is tall. Jack is taller.（合并为一句） 2. Julie is slim. I am slim, too.（用 as...as 合并） 3. Emma sings louder than Ella.（提问：谁唱得更大声？） 4. This city is more beautiful than my hometown.（改为否定句，意思不变） 5. She is more careful than her brother.（用 much 加强语气） 第二部分 语篇训练 A. 阅读理解 ------ Teammates and Rivals In Chinese diving, two young stars show what "similar but different" really means. Quan Hongchan and Chen Yuxi both started diving as small children, and both won world titles before they turned eighteen. They train in the same pool six days a week and know each other's habits well. Fans often say they look like sisters. But their styles are quite different. One is famous for her almost splash-less entries into the water; the other is known for her stable and powerful jumps. In synchronized diving events, the two must move as one person. To do that, they copy each other's strong points and cover each other's weak points. "A good rival is like a mirror," their coach once said. "They show each other what is weak and what is strong. Because of each other, they both train harder than before." After every final, win or lose, they hug each other. "Whether she wins or I win, the medal stays with our team," Quan said with a smile. Their story gives us the same lesson as the twins in Tsinghua University: similarity brings understanding, but differences make a team stronger. 1. What do the two divers have in common? A. They are sisters. B. They both started diving young and won world titles early. C. They have the same diving style. D. They never train together. 2. How are they different from each other? A. One is tall and the other is short. B. One is famous for splash-less entries, and the other for powerful jumps. C. One likes swimming and the other likes running. D. They are different in age. 3. What does the coach mean by "a good rival is like a mirror"? A. Rivals should look the same. B. Rivals can show each other their weak and strong points. C. Rivals should not talk to each other. D. Rivals must share one medal. 4. What does Quan mean by "the medal stays with our team"? A. She does not like medals. B. No matter who wins, the honour belongs to both of them. C. She always loses to Chen. D. The team takes all the medals away. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. Two Sisters in the Pool B. How to Win a Gold Medal C. Teammates and Rivals D. The History of Diving B. 完形填空 ------ Two Divers, One Dream Quan Hongchan and Chen Yuxi are called the "twin stars" of Chinese diving. They are not sisters, 1.______ many fans call them that. They started diving at a young age, and both 2.______ world titles before they turned eighteen. People often compare the two. One is famous for her almost splash-less 3.______ into the water; the other is known for her stable and powerful jumps. Their styles are quite 4.______ . "We are as different as we are similar," Chen once said 5.______ a smile. In synchronized events, they must dive as 6.______ as one person. To reach that, they train side by side six days a week. When one does 7.______ in training, the other copies her strong points. "A good rival is like a mirror," their coach said. "They show each other 8.______ is weak and what is strong." Being rivals does not stop them being friends. After every final, they always hug and say thanks. "Whether she wins or I win, the gold medal stays with the team," said Quan. "What 9.______ is that we both become better than before." Perhaps that is the best lesson of sports: two 10.______ are better than one — especially when they think a little differently. 1. A.and B.but C.so D.or 2. A.win B.wins C.won D.winning 3. A.entries B.entry C.entering D.entered 4. A.similar B.friendly C.different D.same 5. A.with B.in C.by D.on 6. A.good B.well C.better D.best 7. A.well B.good C.better D.best 8. A.that B.what C.who D.which 9. A.happens B.matters C.changes D.appears 10. A.hands B.heads C.hearts D.minds C. 词汇考查 ------ 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. Emma is ______ (outgoing) than her sister, but her sister sings ______ (loud) than her. 2. The two girls are similar in many ways. They both have a sense of ______ (humour). 3. He is not afraid to give his ______ (opinion), even when others disagree. 4. Thanks ______ her best friend, she is becoming more confident. 5. The population of Shanghai is ______ (large) than that of Vancouver. 6. She is less ______ (straightforward) than her friend, but she is kind. 7. They ______ (win) first prize in the school music festival last week. 8. A true friend reaches for your hand and ______ (touch) your heart. 9. The two brothers have a lot in common, but their ______ (person) are different. 10. We should respect each other's ______ (different). 三、书面表达 题目：请以 Should Friends Be Similar or Different? 为题，用英语回一个帖子，不少于70词。 要点：1. 表明观点（相似/不同/都可以）；2. 举一个自己的例子（时间、事件、结果）；3. 至少使用两个比较级和一个 as...as 句型；4. 结尾用教材谚语 "A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart." 参考词汇：similar, different, hobby, be good at, help each other, as...as, better than, team 参考范文框架：I think friends should be ... because ... . My friend ... and I are different/similar. He/She is ... than me, but I ... as ... as him/her. When ... , ... . A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 参考答案与解析 语法练习 A（写出比较级） 1. taller 解析：单音节直接 + er。 2. funnier 解析：辅音字母 n + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 er。 3. thinner 解析：重读闭音节，双写 n 再加 er。 4. more outgoing 解析：多音节词前加 more。 5. better 解析：不规则变化 good—better。 6. harder 解析：单音节 + er，注意不是 more hard。 7. more beautiful 解析：多音节词前加 more。 8. more 解析：much 的比较级为不规则的 more。 9. earlier 解析：辅音 + y 结尾，变 i 加 er。 10. worse 解析：不规则变化 bad—worse，注意不是 badder。 语法练习 B（用比较级或 as...as 填空） 1. anyone 解析：比较级 + than anyone else 表示"比任何其他人都......"，句意为"陈杰吹笛子比俱乐部其他任何人都好"。 2. older 解析：than 前用比较级，"比我大两岁"。注意 old 的比较级 elder/older 区别：此处表年龄大小用 older。 3. more 解析：outgoing 为多音节词，比较级 more outgoing；空前 much 修饰比较级表示程度"外向得多"。 4. well 解析：as...as 中间用原级；dance 为动词，用副词 well 的原级。 5. difficult 解析：not as + 原级 + as 表示"不如......"，中间用原级 difficult。 6. larger 解析：population（人口）表示数量多少用 large/small，不用 many/much；than 前用比较级 larger。 7. me; better 解析：第一空 than 作介词，后接宾格 me（口语中常用 me 而非 I）；第二空 than 提示比较级 better。 8. better 解析："the + 比较级, the + 比较级"结构，意为"越......，就越......"；well 的比较级 better。 语法练习 C（句型转换参考答案与解析） 1. Jack is taller than Tom. 解析：两句合并为比较句，taller 直接修饰 Jack，比较对象为 Tom。 2. Julie is as slim as me. 解析：同级比较 as + 原级 + as；口语中 as...as me 可用宾格 me。 3. Who sings louder, Emma or Ella? 解析：对比较对象提问用选择疑问句 Who...A or B?；修饰动词 sing 用副词比较级 louder。 4. My hometown is not as beautiful as this city. 解析：more...than 的否定可转换为 not as/so + 原级 + as，意思不变。 5. She is much more careful than her brother. 解析：much 用于加强比较级语气，置于比较级前；"她比她哥哥细心得多"。 A. 阅读理解（Teammates and Rivals） 1. B 解析：细节题。第一段"Quan Hongchan and Chen Yuxi both started diving as small children, and both won world titles before they turned eighteen."直接给出答案。干扰项 A 利用第二段末"Fans often say they look like sisters"设陷阱，注意她们并非真的姐妹。 2. B 解析：细节题。第二段"One is famous for her almost splash-less entries into the water; the other is known for her stable and powerful jumps."与 B 项完全对应。 3. B 解析：句意猜测题。由教练的话"They show each other what is weak and what is strong."可知，"对手如镜"指对手能照出彼此的优缺点，B 项正确。 4. B 解析：推理题。"the medal stays with our team"意为"无论谁赢，荣誉都属于我们这个集体"，B 项为同义改写。A、C、D 均与语境相反或无中生有。 5. C 解析：主旨题。全文围绕两人"既是队友又是对手、因不同而互补"展开，C 项 Teammates and Rivals 最全面。A 项错在 sisters；B 项以偏概全；D 项范围过大。 B. 完形填空（Two Divers, One Dream） 1. B 解析：逻辑关系。前句"她们不是姐妹"与后句"许多粉丝那样称呼她们"构成转折，选 but。 2. C 解析：时态。由时间状语从句"before they turned eighteen"（一般过去时）可知主句动作发生在过去，用过去式 won。 3. B 解析：词形选择。形容词 splash-less 修饰名词，且主语 one 为单数，选 entry（入水动作）。entries 为复数，“阅读篇章中 entries 为复数表泛指入水动作；本空前面为 her，指她个人的入水技术，故填单数 entry。entering 为动名词（常表习惯），entered 为过去式，均不合。 4. C 解析：语境推断。上文已讲两人风格各异（入水 vs 跳跃），选 different。similar/same 与文意相反，friendly 与"风格"不搭。 5. A 解析：介词搭配。with a smile 面带微笑，固定搭配。 6. B 解析：as...as 中间用原级；修饰动词 dive 须用副词 well。good 为形容词，better/best 为比较级和最高级，均不合。 7. C 解析：比较级。句意为"当一个人在训练中做得更好时，另一个人会模仿她的长处"，than 提示用 better。 8. B 解析：宾语从句引导词。从句缺主语，且与下文"what is strong"平行，选 what（什么）。 9. B 解析：动词辨析。呼应教材核心句"What really matters in a friendship?"，"重要的是我们都变得比以前更好"，选 matters（要紧）。happen/change/appear 均不合句意。 10. B 解析：谚语复现。two heads are better than one（三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮），选 heads。hands/hearts/minds 均非该谚语固定用词。 C. 词汇考查 1. more outgoing; louder 解析：than 前用比较级；outgoing 多音节加 more；loud 的副词比较级 louder 修饰动词 sings。 2. humour 解析：a sense of humour 幽默感，固定短语；humour 为不可数名词。 3. opinion 解析：give one's opinion 表达某人的观点，单数形式。 4. to 解析：固定短语 thanks to 由于、归功于，后接名词短语。 5. larger 解析：than 前比较级；population 用 large/small 修饰，不用 many。 6. straightforward 解析：less + 多音节形容词原级构成降级比较，"不如她朋友坦率"。 7. won 解析：last week 过去时间标志，win 的过去式 won。 8. touches 解析：and 连接并列谓语，主语 A true friend 单数，touch 三单 touches；教材谚语原句。 9. personalities 解析：their 后接名词，谓语 are 提示复数，person 对应的名词 personality 复数 personalities。 10. differences 解析：each other's 后接名词，"尊重彼此的差异"，different 的名词复数 differences。 三、书面表达（Should Friends Be Similar or Different?）参考范文 I don't really mind if my friends are similar to me or different from me. In my opinion, what matters is whether we can help each other grow. My best friend Xiaoyu is very different from me. She is more outgoing than me and has a great sense of humour, while I am quieter and a little shy. When we first became deskmates in Grade Seven, I was afraid of speaking in class. She was as patient as a teacher — she encouraged me again and again, and little by little I became braver. Now I can give a speech in front of the whole class! I am not as funny as her, but I help her with maths, because I work as carefully as she does in English. Our weaknesses turned into strengths, just like the two divers in the news. So I believe similar friends can understand us easily, while different friends can make us better. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 评分建议（满分可按15分计）： 观点明确（2分）； 个人事例含时间/事件/结果（4分）； 两个比较级 + 一个 as...as 句型（4分，每句1分，衔接自然加1分）； 结尾谚语引用正确（2分）； 词数与书写（2分）。 范文亮点表达：be different from, a sense of humour, as patient as, little by little, be as funny as, work as carefully as, weaknesses turned into strengths, reach for your hand and touch your heart。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $