精品解析：辽宁鞍山市华育外国语实验学校2026-2027学年上学期八年级英语阶段学情自测试题

英 语 试 卷 （本试卷共45道题 满分为90分 考试时长90分钟） 第一部分 选择题 一、阅读理解（共20小题。每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A SCHOOL ART FESTIVAL Date: November 20th-22nd Place: School Halls & Playground Activities for Students: ◆Calligraphy Show (Hall 1): See traditional Chinese characters written by teachers and students. Try writing with a brush on November 20th, 2:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. ◆Painting Competition (Playground): Draw pictures about “My Hometown”. Bring your own paints. Prizes for the top 3! ◆Handcraft Workshop (Hall 2): Make paper-cuts and clay figures. Materials are free. Special Event: On the last day, a local artist will give a talk about Chinese folk art in Classroom 501. She will show how to make a paper-cut of the Chinese character “Fu”. Rules: ●All of you must bring your student cards. ●No running in the hall. ●Take your works home after the festival. For more details, ask your art teacher! 1. How long will the art festival last? A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days. D. Four days. 2. What is the painting competition about? A. Folk art. B. Paper-cuts. C. The artist. D. My hometown. 3. What will the local artist make? A. B. C. D. 4. What is the text? A. A storybook. B. A school notice. C. A student’s diary. D. A news report. B Before words were words, a boy named Yes lived in a small village in a small kingdom. Yes was good at everything. He was the best, smartest and most liked person in his village. Yes had a brother, and his name was No. No was jealous (嫉妒) of his brother, because he was not very good at anything himself. Whenever the villagers asked No for help, he refused because he didn’t like people very much. Whenever someone asked Yes for a favor, he would gladly help. One day Yes and No’s father, Okay, went on a long journey and he left his two sons to take care of all the animals. Yes took good care of the goats, the deer, and the three-toed horse. No didn’t like it. So instead of helping his brother, No went down to the lake and threw rocks into the water. A few days after his father left, Yes asked his brother to watch the three-toed horse while he went to find some food to eat. Instead of doing what Yes asked, No lay down, shut his eyes, and forgot about the horse. It just so happened that the King had a personal road nearby, and he traveled on it often. So often that when the three-toed horse rushed onto the road, the King’s carriage (马车) was passing by and had to take a sudden turn in order not to hit it. The King was thrown from the carriage and fell to the ground and hurt himself. The King asked why a three-toed horse had been allowed on his road and required all the villagers to explain it. Yes was always honest, so he told the King the whole story! The King thought for a moment, and then he came up with an idea that he was quite happy with. Yes and No were asked to work in the castle (城堡) as punishment (惩罚) for what they had done. 5. What do we know about Yes from the passage? A. He is lazy and impolite. B. He is excellent and popular. C. He is serious and humorous. D. He is careless and unfriendly. 6. Why did the king get hurt? A. The goats rushed onto the road. B. The horse hit the King’s carriage. C. His carriage hit a villager passing by. D. A sudden turn made him fall off his carriage. 7. How did Yes deal with the king’s question? A. He told a lie. B. He kept silent. C. He told the truth. D. He told a new story. 8. What may come in the next paragraph? A. How the king built a new road. B. How Father Okay came back home. C. How villagers fed the three-toed horse. D. How Yes and No worked for the king. C Laura saw a red light far away. It came through the wooden house’s window. She put her face to the window, and looked hard at the foggy grassland. The wind—soft all week—now brought light smoke, strong and dry. Pa was outside by the fence (围栏), fixing a broken rail with his small tools. He stopped and looked west. “That’s a fire on the grassland,” he said softly. “It’s miles away, but if wind changes…” He quickly threw the tool on the wood pile and hurried home. Ma’s hands shook but her voice was calm. “Laura, Mary—get Carrie’s clothes, to the cellar (地窖), quick!” She said, “Stay until I come. Don’t open the door, no matter what,” and gave Laura a water jar. Laura sat close to her sisters on cold ground. Above, Pa was shouting, “Free the horses! Clear grass! We must stop the fire. It’s our only chance!” Then the door closed. Minutes felt like hours. The cellar air got hot. Laura went to the small window—big fire as tall as the wooden house. Her breath was caught in her throat and fingers shook so hard. After a short while, the grass caught fire. Mary held Carrie closely, singing softly, Carrie cried. Just as fire touched the door, wind blew hard and turned—The fire moved from their house. Laura saw Pa by the lake, shirt black with ash (烟灰). Ma smiled, “Safe now.” The kids climbed up happily—grassland black, smoking, ash falling like snow. The house stood, a little burnt but still there; Pa hugged Ma, “It doesn’t matter. The house is broken, but I’m sure we’ll make it as comfortable as it was—we have each other—that’s all that matters.” Adapted from Little House on the Prairie 9. From the sentence “Ma’s hands shook but her voice was calm”, why do you think Ma did this? A. Because she was too cold in the cellar. B. She was too angry, so her hands shook. C. She was trying to ask her children not to open the door. D. She wanted to hide her fear to keep their children calm. 10. According to the passage, complete the Story Mountain by answering the Questions 10. A. worried and sad B. tired and worried C. scared and lonely D. nervous and scared 11. According to the passage, complete the Story Mountain by answering the Questions 11. A. Wind died down B. Fire grew bigger C. Wind changed its way D. The grass caught fire 12. What is the most important thing, according to Pa? A. Putting out the fire. B. Being together as a family. C. Listening to parents. D. Having a safe house to live. D ①Rome was one of the greatest empires (帝国) in history. Many famous sayings come from it. “Do as the Romans do” means you should follow local customs when you visit a new place. “Rome wasn’t built in a day” means great things take time and patience (耐心). “All roads lead to Rome” means there are many ways to reach the same goal. “To fiddle (拉小提琴) while Rome burns” describes someone who does nothing in a difficult situation. These sayings are still widely used today. But what made Rome so powerful? ②There are several reasons why Rome became one of the greatest empires in history. ③First, the Romans were excellent planners. They did not do things randomly. They carefully designed their cities, army and government. Everything was well organized. The army had strict rules. The government had different branches (部门) that checked each other. This careful planning helped Rome run well even when it was very large. ④Second, the Romans learned from others. They did not try to invent everything themselves. When they saw a good idea from another culture, such as the Greeks (希腊人), they took it and made it better. Greek statues, buildings and philosophy (哲学) were all improved by the Romans. This ability to learn and improve made Rome stronger over time. ⑤Lastly, the Romans were patient and never gave up. They understood that a great empire could not be built quickly. It took hundreds of years of hard work. Romans kept building roads, training soldiers and making laws. As the saying goes, Rome wasn’t built in a day. This patience was key to their success. ⑥All in all, Rome became powerful because of its careful planning, willingness to learn from others, endless patience and strong unity. That is why its stories and sayings are still with us today. The next time you face a difficult task, remember: be patient, plan carefully, and keep learning. That is the Roman way. 13. Read the situation below and choose the correct saying. Tom has a big science project to finish. He has worked on it for two weeks, but he still has a lot to do. He feels worried and says, “I’ll never finish it on time!” His friend says to him, “________”. A. All roads lead to Rome. B. Rome wasn’t built in a day. C. Do as the Romans do. D. To fiddle while Rome burns. 14. What does the underlined word “randomly” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Without a clear plan or purpose. B. Very quickly and loudly. C. After thinking very carefully. D. In a very old-fashioned way. 15. What can you infer from Paragraph 4? A. The Greeks were not good at statues, buildings or philosophy. B. The Greeks were kind because they taught the Romans everything. C. The Romans were clever because they could make others’ culture better. D. The Romans borrowed others’ culture so they didn’t have their own culture. 16. If a student has difficulty learning a new language, what advice would be given by a Roman? A. Ask teachers and parents for help. B. Just work hard day and night. C. Finish everything in one day. D. Be patient and make a careful plan. 第二节 阅读短文，从方框中所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一个多余的选项。 Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁) is the world’s largest reef system. It is over 2,600 kilometers long. Lots of sea animals including fish, birds, turtles and whales live here. ____17____ Climate change, heavy storms and dirty water put the reef in great danger. If we do nothing to protect it, Australian scientists warn that we may lose the coral reef by 2030. ____18____ People’s daily activities such as driving cars, using electricity (电) and building factories produce greenhouse gases. The gases make the Earth warmer and harm reefs around the world. Coral is easily hurt. For example, even a 2°C rise in seawater can kill it. When the sea gets warm, coral loses its colorful seaweed (海藻) and turns white. We call this coral bleaching (珊瑚白化). ____19____ Dead coral needs many years to grow again, leaving small sea animals without homes. However, the danger is not only for coral itself. ____20____ If pollution (污染) becomes worse, seawater temperature will rise over 3 degrees in 20 years. The Great Barrier Reef and lots of sea life will disappear forever. A. One-quarter of all sea life lives on coral reefs. B. If the water temperature doesn’t go down, the coral will die. C. Unluckily, the reef that all these animals call home is in danger. D. But if you haven’t been there before, you’d better go soon before it’s too late. E. Most scientists agree that humans are the main reason for climate change. 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mom got phone calls from an old lady when she and my dad were just married. At that time, people had no cellphones. The lady wanted to ____21____ to someone named Maria. She was very friendly. My mom told her that she was not Maria, ____22____ the lady would still say my mom was Maria. At least once a ____23____ this old lady would call for Maria—sometimes more! Every call started with “Hello, Maria! How are you?” She never cared if it was a wrong number. My mom never learned ____24____ that lady was. The lady only ever said her first name. She talked about her daily life, her cat, her garden and the newspaper. Sometimes she talked about memories of Maria. She could only talk for 10 or 15 minutes before getting ____25____ and saying goodbye. My mom thought the old woman was lonely. Later, she realized that Maria was a childhood friend of the lady’s. She normally called on Tuesdays or Thursdays around 8:00 p. m. My mom made sure to be at ____26____ at that time. The whole thing lasted for about a year. Then the calls just ____27____. “Why did she call? Why did she stop?” my mom asked herself ____28____. She still thought of that lady sometimes and wondered about her. Maybe that woman ____29____ there was no Maria. Maybe she just had nobody else to talk to. My mom’s small act of kindness might have been a big ____30____ to someone in need. 21. A. get B. speak C. connect D. say 22. A. and B. but C. so D. since 23. A. day B. year C. month D. week 24. A. what B. where C. who D. how 25. A. tired B. excited C. relaxed D. worried 26. A. school B. work C. home D. holiday 27. A. continued B. began C. stopped D. kept 28. A. wisely B. loudly C. carelessly D. sadly 29. A. knew B. forgot C. remembered D. saw 30. A. success B. help C. work D. part 第二部分 非选择题 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 How will our life change when tomorrow comes? Many young students worry about this question. To get ready for the future,14-year-old Lisa has already made a clear plan. Lisa wants to become ____31____ IT engineer when she grows up. She is highly ____32____ (interest) in artificial intelligence (AI) and technology. To achieve her dream, she spends two hours ____33____ (study) computer programming every weekend. She hopes to create a smart mobile application that can help blind people find their way around the city ____34____ (safe). Lisa knows programming is not easy, but she often reminds ____35____ (she) not to give up. She also studies math and science hard. By working closely ____36____ her classmates, she has learned how to solve problems as a team. She believes that teamwork can help them achieve a ____37____ (good) result than working alone. “ ____38____ I don’t start preparing now, I won’t be ready for future opportunities,” Lisa says. In a few ____39____ (day), she will take part in a national robot competition. Lisa was deeply influenced by her science teacher who ____40____ (encourage) her to stay curious and ambitious. 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41-43小题，每小题2分；44小题4分，满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Who really owns the lucky money? A 12-year-old boy recently refused to give his 20,000 yuan lucky money to his mother. It started a heated discussion online. The mother said the lucky money was just a return gift between families. Parents usually give red envelopes to other children first, and later their child gets the lucky money in return. So she thought the money belonged to her. But the boy said the money was a personal gift to him. He should have the right to control it. I agree with the boy. Lucky money is given to me, not to my parents. It is my own money. I can save it or buy what I need, like books and stationery (文具). If parents take all the money away, we can never learn to manage money. I don’t agree. Lucky money is not a free gift. It is part of our family custom in China. When my parents give red envelopes to others, the money I get is just the exchange (交换). Also, keeping too much money may lead some teenagers to waste money on e-games or expensive clothes. It is about financial education, not just who owns the money. We can open a bank account in the child’s name. Children should save some money, for the rest (其余的), they can spend it on daily costs or meaningful things. In this way, children can learn to plan money, and parents can still help and guide them. 41. What did the mother think the 20,000-yuan lucky money was? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Why doesn’t Jia Xing think children should keep too much money? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Besides saving, how does Professor Li advise children to spend their lucky money? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 44. If you receive 20,000-yuan lucky money, how will you manage it to make it meaningful? Give a detailed plan and explain why. (Write 30 words or more) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 常言道：“帮助别人就是帮助自己。”相信在你成长的道路中一定接受过别人的帮忙，也一定帮助过其他人。现校学生会面向全校学生征稿。请你以“Helping Others”为题，分享一件你帮助他人的小故事，并谈谈你对帮助他人的感受或者理解。 要点：1. 分享“帮助他人”的小故事。（在家里、在学校、在生活中……） 2. 你对帮助他人的感受或者理解。（感到很高兴、自己也得到提升、非常有成就感/满足感） 要求：1. 词数：80-100词。（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。 3. 适当发挥，使全文连贯完整。 Helping Others Many people think helping others is helping themselves. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 英 语 试 卷 （本试卷共45道题 满分为90分 考试时长90分钟） 第一部分 选择题 一、阅读理解（共20小题。每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A SCHOOL ART FESTIVAL Date: November 20th-22nd Place: School Halls & Playground Activities for Students: ◆Calligraphy Show (Hall 1): See traditional Chinese characters written by teachers and students. Try writing with a brush on November 20th, 2:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. ◆Painting Competition (Playground): Draw pictures about “My Hometown”. Bring your own paints. Prizes for the top 3! ◆Handcraft Workshop (Hall 2): Make paper-cuts and clay figures. Materials are free. Special Event: On the last day, a local artist will give a talk about Chinese folk art in Classroom 501. She will show how to make a paper-cut of the Chinese character “Fu”. Rules: ●All of you must bring your student cards. ●No running in the hall. ●Take your works home after the festival. For more details, ask your art teacher! 1. How long will the art festival last? A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days. D. Four days. 2. What is the painting competition about? A. Folk art. B. Paper-cuts. C. The artist. D. My hometown. 3. What will the local artist make? A. B. C. D. 4. What is the text? A. A storybook. B. A school notice. C. A student’s diary. D. A news report. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一则学校艺术节活动通知，介绍了艺术节的举办时间、地点、学生活动、特别活动及相关规则。 【1题详解】 根据开头“Date: November 20th-22nd”可知，艺术节的举办日期为11月20日至22日，一共持续三天。 【2题详解】 根据“Painting Competition (Playground): Draw pictures about ‘My Hometown’.”可知，绘画比赛的主题是“我的家乡”。 【3题详解】 根据“On the last day, a local artist will give a talk about Chinese folk art in Classroom 501. She will show how to make a paper-cut of the Chinese character ‘Fu’.”可知，当地艺术家会演示如何剪出汉字“福”的剪纸，对应选项A的图案。 【4题详解】 通读全文，文章围绕学校艺术节的活动安排、参与规则展开，属于面向学生的学校通知。 B Before words were words, a boy named Yes lived in a small village in a small kingdom. Yes was good at everything. He was the best, smartest and most liked person in his village. Yes had a brother, and his name was No. No was jealous (嫉妒) of his brother, because he was not very good at anything himself. Whenever the villagers asked No for help, he refused because he didn’t like people very much. Whenever someone asked Yes for a favor, he would gladly help. One day Yes and No’s father, Okay, went on a long journey and he left his two sons to take care of all the animals. Yes took good care of the goats, the deer, and the three-toed horse. No didn’t like it. So instead of helping his brother, No went down to the lake and threw rocks into the water. A few days after his father left, Yes asked his brother to watch the three-toed horse while he went to find some food to eat. Instead of doing what Yes asked, No lay down, shut his eyes, and forgot about the horse. It just so happened that the King had a personal road nearby, and he traveled on it often. So often that when the three-toed horse rushed onto the road, the King’s carriage (马车) was passing by and had to take a sudden turn in order not to hit it. The King was thrown from the carriage and fell to the ground and hurt himself. The King asked why a three-toed horse had been allowed on his road and required all the villagers to explain it. Yes was always honest, so he told the King the whole story! The King thought for a moment, and then he came up with an idea that he was quite happy with. Yes and No were asked to work in the castle (城堡) as punishment (惩罚) for what they had done. 5. What do we know about Yes from the passage? A. He is lazy and impolite. B. He is excellent and popular. C. He is serious and humorous. D. He is careless and unfriendly. 6. Why did the king get hurt? A. The goats rushed onto the road. B. The horse hit the King’s carriage. C. His carriage hit a villager passing by. D. A sudden turn made him fall off his carriage. 7. How did Yes deal with the king’s question? A. He told a lie. B. He kept silent. C. He told the truth. D. He told a new story. 8. What may come in the next paragraph? A. How the king built a new road. B. How Father Okay came back home. C. How villagers fed the three-toed horse. D. How Yes and No worked for the king. 【答案】5. B 6. D 7. C 8. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了兄弟Yes和No的故事，No因贪玩疏于看管三脚马，马匹冲上马路导致国王受伤，两人最终被罚去城堡干活。 【5题详解】 文章第1段“Yes was good at everything. He was the best, smartest and most liked person in his village.”表明Yes擅长所有事情，是村里最棒、最聪明且最受欢迎的人，即优秀且受欢迎。 【6题详解】 文章第5段“the King’s carriage (马车) was passing by and had to take a sudden turn in order not to hit it. The King was thrown from the carriage and fell to the ground and hurt himself.”表明马车为了避开冲到路上的马突然转向，导致国王被甩出马车受伤。 【7题详解】 文章第6段“Yes was always honest, so he told the King the whole story!”表明面对国王的询问，诚实的Yes说出了事情的全部真相。 【8题详解】 文章第6段“Yes and No were asked to work in the castle (城堡) as punishment (惩罚) for what they had done.”提到兄弟二人被要求到城堡工作作为惩罚，按照叙事逻辑，下一段自然会接着讲两人在城堡为国王工作的具体内容。 C Laura saw a red light far away. It came through the wooden house’s window. She put her face to the window, and looked hard at the foggy grassland. The wind—soft all week—now brought light smoke, strong and dry. Pa was outside by the fence (围栏), fixing a broken rail with his small tools. He stopped and looked west. “That’s a fire on the grassland,” he said softly. “It’s miles away, but if wind changes…” He quickly threw the tool on the wood pile and hurried home. Ma’s hands shook but her voice was calm. “Laura, Mary—get Carrie’s clothes, to the cellar (地窖), quick!” She said, “Stay until I come. Don’t open the door, no matter what,” and gave Laura a water jar. Laura sat close to her sisters on cold ground. Above, Pa was shouting, “Free the horses! Clear grass! We must stop the fire. It’s our only chance!” Then the door closed. Minutes felt like hours. The cellar air got hot. Laura went to the small window—big fire as tall as the wooden house. Her breath was caught in her throat and fingers shook so hard. After a short while, the grass caught fire. Mary held Carrie closely, singing softly, Carrie cried. Just as fire touched the door, wind blew hard and turned—The fire moved from their house. Laura saw Pa by the lake, shirt black with ash (烟灰). Ma smiled, “Safe now.” The kids climbed up happily—grassland black, smoking, ash falling like snow. The house stood, a little burnt but still there; Pa hugged Ma, “It doesn’t matter. The house is broken, but I’m sure we’ll make it as comfortable as it was—we have each other—that’s all that matters.” Adapted from Little House on the Prairie 9. From the sentence “Ma’s hands shook but her voice was calm”, why do you think Ma did this? A. Because she was too cold in the cellar. B. She was too angry, so her hands shook. C. She was trying to ask her children not to open the door. D. She wanted to hide her fear to keep their children calm. 10. According to the passage, complete the Story Mountain by answering the Questions 10. A. worried and sad B. tired and worried C. scared and lonely D. nervous and scared 11. According to the passage, complete the Story Mountain by answering the Questions 11. A. Wind died down B. Fire grew bigger C. Wind changed its way D. The grass caught fire 12. What is the most important thing, according to Pa? A. Putting out the fire. B. Being together as a family. C. Listening to parents. D. Having a safe house to live. 【答案】9. D 10. D 11. C 12. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文，改编自《草原上的小木屋》，讲述了草原突发火灾时，劳拉一家紧急应对险情，最终因风向转变成功脱险，爸爸点明家人相伴才是最重要的事的故事。 【9题详解】 根据文章第三段“Ma’s hands shook but her voice was calm. ‘Laura, Mary—get Carrie’s clothes, to the cellar, quick!’ She said, ‘Stay until I come. Don’t open the door, no matter what,’ and gave Laura a water jar.” 可推知，妈妈因火灾内心恐惧所以手发抖，但她刻意保持语气平静，是为了隐藏自己的恐惧，让孩子们保持冷静。 【10题详解】 根据文章第五段“The cellar air got hot. Laura went to the small window—big fire as tall as the wooden house. Her breath was caught in her throat and fingers shook so hard. After a short while, the grass caught fire. Mary held Carrie closely, singing softly, Carrie cried.” 可推知，故事高潮阶段大火逼近地窖，孩子们直面火灾威胁，情绪紧张又害怕。 【11题详解】 根据文章第六段“Just as fire touched the door, wind blew hard and turned—The fire moved from their house. Laura saw Pa by the lake, shirt black with ash.” 可知，高潮过后风向发生改变，大火远离了房屋，劳拉看到了满身烟灰的爸爸，这是故事下降动作部分的核心事件。 【12题详解】 根据文章第七段“Pa hugged Ma, ‘It doesn’t matter. The house is broken, but I’m sure we’ll make it as comfortable as it was—we have each other—that’s all that matters.’” 可知，爸爸认为一家人彼此相伴是最重要的事。 D ①Rome was one of the greatest empires (帝国) in history. Many famous sayings come from it. “Do as the Romans do” means you should follow local customs when you visit a new place. “Rome wasn’t built in a day” means great things take time and patience (耐心). “All roads lead to Rome” means there are many ways to reach the same goal. “To fiddle (拉小提琴) while Rome burns” describes someone who does nothing in a difficult situation. These sayings are still widely used today. But what made Rome so powerful? ②There are several reasons why Rome became one of the greatest empires in history. ③First, the Romans were excellent planners. They did not do things randomly. They carefully designed their cities, army and government. Everything was well organized. The army had strict rules. The government had different branches (部门) that checked each other. This careful planning helped Rome run well even when it was very large. ④Second, the Romans learned from others. They did not try to invent everything themselves. When they saw a good idea from another culture, such as the Greeks (希腊人), they took it and made it better. Greek statues, buildings and philosophy (哲学) were all improved by the Romans. This ability to learn and improve made Rome stronger over time. ⑤Lastly, the Romans were patient and never gave up. They understood that a great empire could not be built quickly. It took hundreds of years of hard work. Romans kept building roads, training soldiers and making laws. As the saying goes, Rome wasn’t built in a day. This patience was key to their success. ⑥All in all, Rome became powerful because of its careful planning, willingness to learn from others, endless patience and strong unity. That is why its stories and sayings are still with us today. The next time you face a difficult task, remember: be patient, plan carefully, and keep learning. That is the Roman way. 13. Read the situation below and choose the correct saying. Tom has a big science project to finish. He has worked on it for two weeks, but he still has a lot to do. He feels worried and says, “I’ll never finish it on time!” His friend says to him, “________”. A. All roads lead to Rome. B. Rome wasn’t built in a day. C. Do as the Romans do. D. To fiddle while Rome burns. 14. What does the underlined word “randomly” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Without a clear plan or purpose. B. Very quickly and loudly. C. After thinking very carefully. D. In a very old-fashioned way. 15. What can you infer from Paragraph 4? A. The Greeks were not good at statues, buildings or philosophy. B. The Greeks were kind because they taught the Romans everything. C. The Romans were clever because they could make others’ culture better. D. The Romans borrowed others’ culture so they didn’t have their own culture. 16. If a student has difficulty learning a new language, what advice would be given by a Roman? A. Ask teachers and parents for help. B. Just work hard day and night. C. Finish everything in one day. D. Be patient and make a careful plan. 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文，开篇介绍了四句源自罗马的常用谚语及各自的含义，随后从精心规划、善于借鉴优化其他文化、耐心坚持三个方面阐述了罗马帝国强大的原因，最后总结罗马精神，点明人们面对困难时应秉持耐心规划、持续学习的罗马方式。 【13题详解】 根据文章第1段“‘Rome wasn’t built in a day’ means great things take time and patience.”可知，该谚语的含义是成就伟大的事物需要时间与耐心，适合用来劝慰担心无法按时完成项目的Tom。 【14题详解】 根据文章第3段“First, the Romans were excellent planners. They did not do things randomly. They carefully designed their cities, army and government.”可知，罗马人是出色的规划者，会精心设计城市、军队和政府，由此可推知randomly的意思是没有清晰的计划或目的。 【15题详解】 根据文章第4段“When they saw a good idea from another culture, such as the Greeks, they took it and made it better. Greek statues, buildings and philosophy were all improved by the Romans. This ability to learn and improve made Rome stronger over time.”可知，罗马人擅长吸收其他文化的优点并加以优化，这种能力让罗马不断发展强大，由此可推断出罗马人十分聪慧，能够改进其他民族的文化。 【16题详解】 根据文章第6段“The next time you face a difficult task, remember: be patient, plan carefully, and keep learning. That is the Roman way.”可知，罗马人面对困难任务的行事方式是保持耐心、仔细规划、持续学习，学习新语言遇到困难属于困难任务，因此罗马人会给出保持耐心、制定周密计划的建议。 第二节 阅读短文，从方框中所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一个多余的选项。 Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁) is the world’s largest reef system. It is over 2,600 kilometers long. Lots of sea animals including fish, birds, turtles and whales live here. ____17____ Climate change, heavy storms and dirty water put the reef in great danger. If we do nothing to protect it, Australian scientists warn that we may lose the coral reef by 2030. ____18____ People’s daily activities such as driving cars, using electricity (电) and building factories produce greenhouse gases. The gases make the Earth warmer and harm reefs around the world. Coral is easily hurt. For example, even a 2°C rise in seawater can kill it. When the sea gets warm, coral loses its colorful seaweed (海藻) and turns white. We call this coral bleaching (珊瑚白化). ____19____ Dead coral needs many years to grow again, leaving small sea animals without homes. However, the danger is not only for coral itself. ____20____ If pollution (污染) becomes worse, seawater temperature will rise over 3 degrees in 20 years. The Great Barrier Reef and lots of sea life will disappear forever. A. One-quarter of all sea life lives on coral reefs. B. If the water temperature doesn’t go down, the coral will die. C. Unluckily, the reef that all these animals call home is in danger. D. But if you haven’t been there before, you’d better go soon before it’s too late. E. Most scientists agree that humans are the main reason for climate change. 【答案】17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了澳大利亚大堡礁的基本概况，分析了珊瑚礁面临的生存危机，点明人类活动是气候变化的主要原因，说明了珊瑚礁破坏对海洋生态的严重影响。 【17题详解】 前文介绍大堡礁是世界最大的礁群，鱼类、海龟、鲸鱼等众多海洋动物在此栖息，后文转而说明大堡礁正处于巨大危险之中。选项C“Unluckily, the reef that all these animals call home is in danger.”承接前文的海洋生物与珊瑚礁的依存关系，自然引出下文的危险现状，起到承上启下的过渡作用，符合语境。 【18题详解】 后文具体说明开车、用电、建工厂等人类日常活动会产生温室气体，使地球变暖并危害全球珊瑚礁。选项E“Most scientists agree that humans are the main reason for climate change.”点明人类是气候变化的主要原因，引出后文对人类活动的具体阐述，逻辑衔接顺畅，符合语境。 【19题详解】 前文介绍海水升温会导致珊瑚失去彩色海藻、发生白化，后文说明死亡的珊瑚需要很多年才能重新生长，还会让小型海洋动物失去家园。选项B“If the water temperature doesn’t go down, the coral will die.”承接海水升温与珊瑚白化的内容，进一步说明水温不下降的后果，衔接后文的死珊瑚恢复问题，符合语境。 【20题详解】 前文指出危险不只针对珊瑚本身，后文说明如果污染加剧，20年内海水温度将上升3度以上，大堡礁和众多海洋生物会永远消失。选项A“One-quarter of all sea life lives on coral reefs.”说明珊瑚礁对海洋生物的重要性，解释了为何危险不局限于珊瑚本身，也为后文海洋生物消失的内容做铺垫，符合语境。 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mom got phone calls from an old lady when she and my dad were just married. At that time, people had no cellphones. The lady wanted to ____21____ to someone named Maria. She was very friendly. My mom told her that she was not Maria, ____22____ the lady would still say my mom was Maria. At least once a ____23____ this old lady would call for Maria—sometimes more! Every call started with “Hello, Maria! How are you?” She never cared if it was a wrong number. My mom never learned ____24____ that lady was. The lady only ever said her first name. She talked about her daily life, her cat, her garden and the newspaper. Sometimes she talked about memories of Maria. She could only talk for 10 or 15 minutes before getting ____25____ and saying goodbye. My mom thought the old woman was lonely. Later, she realized that Maria was a childhood friend of the lady’s. She normally called on Tuesdays or Thursdays around 8:00 p. m. My mom made sure to be at ____26____ at that time. The whole thing lasted for about a year. Then the calls just ____27____. “Why did she call? Why did she stop?” my mom asked herself ____28____. She still thought of that lady sometimes and wondered about her. Maybe that woman ____29____ there was no Maria. Maybe she just had nobody else to talk to. My mom’s small act of kindness might have been a big ____30____ to someone in need. 21. A. get B. speak C. connect D. say 22. A. and B. but C. so D. since 23. A. day B. year C. month D. week 24. A. what B. where C. who D. how 25. A. tired B. excited C. relaxed D. worried 26. A. school B. work C. home D. holiday 27. A. continued B. began C. stopped D. kept 28. A. wisely B. loudly C. carelessly D. sadly 29. A. knew B. forgot C. remembered D. saw 30. A. success B. help C. work D. part 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者的母亲刚结婚时，接到一位老妇人打错的电话，母亲始终耐心陪伴老人聊天的温暖故事，体现了微小的善意对身处孤独的人而言是莫大的帮助。 【21题详解】 句意：这位女士想和一位名叫Maria的人通话。 根据“got phone calls”以及打电话的场景可知，此处表达“和某人通话”，speak to sb.是打电话的固定常用表达，应选用speak。get“得到”，connect“连接”，say“说”，均不符合打电话的语境。 【22题详解】 句意：我妈妈告诉她自己不是Maria，但这位女士仍然说我妈妈就是Maria。 根据前后文“妈妈说自己不是Maria”和“女士仍坚持妈妈是Maria”可知，前后为转折关系，应选用but。and“和”表并列，so“所以”表因果，since“因为”表原因，均不符合此处转折逻辑。 【23题详解】 句意：这位老妇人每周至少会打一次电话找Maria——有时还更多。 根据后文“She normally called on Tuesdays or Thursdays around 8:00 p.m.”可知，电话每周二、周四打来，也就是每周至少一次，应选用week。day“天”，year“年”，month“月”，均与后文的通话频率不符。 【24题详解】 句意：我妈妈从来不知道那位女士是谁。 根据后文“The lady only ever said her first name.”可知，女士只说过自己的名字，妈妈始终不知道她的身份，此处引导宾语从句且指代人，应选用who。what“什么”，where“哪里”，how“如何”，均无法指代人物身份。 【25题详解】 句意：她每次只能聊10到15分钟，就会感到疲惫，然后道别。 根据“only talk for 10 or 15 minutes”以及老妇人的年龄特点可知，聊一段时间后就会疲惫，get tired表示“变得疲惫”，应选用tired。excited“兴奋的”，relaxed“放松的”，worried“担心的”，均与聊短时间就道别的语境不符。 【26题详解】 句意：我妈妈确保那个时间自己在家。 根据前文老妇人会在固定时间打电话可知，妈妈会在家接电话，at home表示“在家”，应选用home。school“学校”，work“工作”，holiday“假期”，均不符合接电话的场景。 【27题详解】 句意：然后电话就停了。 根据后文“Why did she call? Why did she stop?”可知，之后老妇人不再打电话了，应选用stopped。continued“继续”，began“开始”，kept“保持”，均与后文的疑问逻辑不符。 【28题详解】 句意：“她为什么打电话？又为什么停下了？”妈妈难过地问自己。 根据后文“She still thought of that lady sometimes and wondered about her.”可知，妈妈对老妇人不再来电感到怅然，sadly表示“难过地”，符合情绪。wisely“明智地”，loudly“大声地”，carelessly“粗心地”，均不符合此处的情绪语境。 【29题详解】 句意：也许那位女士知道这个号码那边并没有Maria。 下文“Maybe she just had nobody else to talk to.”表明，老太太可能知道接电话的人并不是Maria，她只是孤独，想找个人说话。knew“知道”符合语境，forgot“忘记”、remembered“记得”和saw“看见”不符合语境。 【30题详解】 句意：妈妈小小的善意之举，对需要帮助的人而言可能是莫大的帮助。 根据全文故事可知，妈妈的耐心陪伴给孤独的老妇人带去了慰藉，a big help表示“很大的帮助”，应选用help。success“成功”，work“工作”，part“部分”，均不符合句意。 第二部分 非选择题 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 How will our life change when tomorrow comes? Many young students worry about this question. To get ready for the future,14-year-old Lisa has already made a clear plan. Lisa wants to become ____31____ IT engineer when she grows up. She is highly ____32____ (interest) in artificial intelligence (AI) and technology. To achieve her dream, she spends two hours ____33____ (study) computer programming every weekend. She hopes to create a smart mobile application that can help blind people find their way around the city ____34____ (safe). Lisa knows programming is not easy, but she often reminds ____35____ (she) not to give up. She also studies math and science hard. By working closely ____36____ her classmates, she has learned how to solve problems as a team. She believes that teamwork can help them achieve a ____37____ (good) result than working alone. “ ____38____ I don’t start preparing now, I won’t be ready for future opportunities,” Lisa says. In a few ____39____ (day), she will take part in a national robot competition. Lisa was deeply influenced by her science teacher who ____40____ (encourage) her to stay curious and ambitious. 【答案】31. an 32. interested 33. studying 34. safely 35. herself 36. with 37. better 38. If 39. days 40. encouraged 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述14岁女孩Lisa立志成为IT工程师，为梦想努力学习编程、数学等知识，准备参加机器人比赛的故事。 【31题详解】 句意：莉萨长大后想成为一名IT工程师。IT是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用an，修饰名词engineer。 【32题详解】 句意：她对人工智能和技术非常感兴趣。固定搭配be interested in…意为“对……感兴趣”，interested是形容词，在句中作表语，修饰人。 【33题详解】 句意：为了实现她的梦想，她每个周末花两个小时学习计算机编程。固定结构spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，studying是动名词，作介词in的宾语。 【34题详解】 句意：她希望开发一款智能手机应用，帮助盲人在城市里安全地认路。safely是副词，在句中作状语，修饰动词find。 【35题详解】 句意：莉萨知道编程并不容易，但她经常提醒自己不要放弃。remind oneself意为“提醒自己”，herself在句中作reminds的宾语。 【36题详解】 句意：通过和同学们密切合作，她学会了如何团队协作解决问题。固定搭配work closely with sb.意为“与某人密切合作”，介词with表示“和……一起”。 【37题详解】 句意：她相信团队合作能帮助他们取得比独自工作更好的结果。句中有than，表示比较，good的比较级是better，在句中作定语修饰result。 【38题详解】 句意：莉萨说：“如果我现在不开始准备，我就无法为未来的机会做好准备。”此处表示条件，if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，句首字母大写。 【39题详解】 句意：几天后，她将参加一场全国机器人竞赛。a few后接可数名词复数，day的复数形式是days。 【40题详解】 句意：莉萨深受她科学老师的影响，老师鼓励她保持好奇心和上进心。前半句时态为一般过去时，前后时态保持一致，encourage的过去式为encouraged，在句中作谓语。 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41-43小题，每小题2分；44小题4分，满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Who really owns the lucky money? A 12-year-old boy recently refused to give his 20,000 yuan lucky money to his mother. It started a heated discussion online. The mother said the lucky money was just a return gift between families. Parents usually give red envelopes to other children first, and later their child gets the lucky money in return. So she thought the money belonged to her. But the boy said the money was a personal gift to him. He should have the right to control it. I agree with the boy. Lucky money is given to me, not to my parents. It is my own money. I can save it or buy what I need, like books and stationery (文具). If parents take all the money away, we can never learn to manage money. I don’t agree. Lucky money is not a free gift. It is part of our family custom in China. When my parents give red envelopes to others, the money I get is just the exchange (交换). Also, keeping too much money may lead some teenagers to waste money on e-games or expensive clothes. It is about financial education, not just who owns the money. We can open a bank account in the child’s name. Children should save some money, for the rest (其余的), they can spend it on daily costs or meaningful things. In this way, children can learn to plan money, and parents can still help and guide them. 41. What did the mother think the 20,000-yuan lucky money was? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Why doesn’t Jia Xing think children should keep too much money? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Besides saving, how does Professor Li advise children to spend their lucky money? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 44. If you receive 20,000-yuan lucky money, how will you manage it to make it meaningful? Give a detailed plan and explain why. (Write 30 words or more) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. She thought it was just a return gift between families. 42. Because keeping too much money may lead some teenagers to waste money on e-games or expensive clothes. 43. They can spend the rest of the money on daily costs or meaningful things. 44. If I receive 20,000 yuan lucky money, I will save 10,000 yuan in the bank. I will spend 3,000 yuan on books and stationery, donate 2,000 yuan to poor children, and keep the rest for daily use. This can help me form a good habit of managing money and make the money valuable. 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕“2万元压岁钱的归属”这一网络热议话题展开，呈现了不同人物的观点，探讨了压岁钱的管理方式与青少年财商教育的意义。 【41题详解】 根据表格第一部分第二段“The mother said the lucky money was just a return gift between families.”可知，母亲认为这笔压岁钱只是家庭之间的回礼。答案是原文直接信息。 【42题详解】 根据表格第三部分“Also, keeping too much money may lead some teenagers to waste money on e-games or expensive clothes.”可知，Jia Xing认为持有过多金钱可能会导致部分青少年将钱浪费在电子游戏或昂贵衣物上。答案为原文直接提取。 【43题详解】 根据表格第四部分“Children should save some money, for the rest, they can spend it on daily costs or meaningful things.”可知，Professor Li建议孩子除存钱外，将剩余的钱用于日常开销或有意义的事情。答案为原文直接提取。 【44题详解】 本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一。作答时需围绕“合理规划压岁钱、让金钱发挥意义”展开，给出具体可行的使用计划并说明理由，词数达到30词及以上即可。 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 常言道：“帮助别人就是帮助自己。”相信在你成长的道路中一定接受过别人的帮忙，也一定帮助过其他人。现校学生会面向全校学生征稿。请你以“Helping Others”为题，分享一件你帮助他人的小故事，并谈谈你对帮助他人的感受或者理解。 要点：1. 分享“帮助他人”的小故事。（在家里、在学校、在生活中……） 2. 你对帮助他人的感受或者理解。（感到很高兴、自己也得到提升、非常有成就感/满足感） 要求：1. 词数：80-100词。（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。 3. 适当发挥，使全文连贯完整。 Helping Others Many people think helping others is helping themselves. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文 Helping Others Many people think helping others is helping themselves. I truly agree with this idea. Last Monday, my classmate Tom was weak in math. He felt stressed about the coming test. I offered to help him solve the difficult problems after school. We worked together for nearly two hours. With my help, he made great progress and smiled finally. Helping him made me feel satisfied and happy. It was a truly meaningful day for me. I not only reviewed my own knowledge but also gained friendship. I understand that giving love brings warmth to both sides. I will keep helping others in the future whenever possible. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，讲述个人助人小故事；以一般过去时和一般现在时为主； 明确要点：分享“帮助他人”的小故事，以及对帮助他人的感受或者理解 确定人称：第一人称 注意事项：词数80-100；不能出现真实姓名、学校名称 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引用题干观点，表明自己赞同“帮助别人就是帮助自己” 主体段：记叙一件助人的小故事，交代时间、人物、事件过程与结果 结尾段：写出助人后的感受，升华主题，表达今后继续助人的想法 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：分享“帮助他人”的小故事 weak in math/poor in math/felt stressed about the coming test/worried about exam/help him work out math problems after school等 要点二：你对帮助他人的感受或者理解 satisfied/happy/meaningful/not only reviewed my own knowledge but also gained friendship/bring warmth to both sides/keep helping others等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $