内容正文:
专题二
读后续写
第一讲 步骤技巧讲述
Part 1 考情图示和阅卷要求
2023-2025年新高考英语读后续写考情统计
卷别 年份 语篇
类型 主题
主题语境 主题内容 文章词数
全国一卷 2025 记叙文 人与社会 兄弟关系:产生误会,然后和解 331
全国二卷 记叙文 人与社会 跨文化交流的困境和坚守 296
新课标Ⅰ
卷、Ⅱ卷 2024 记叙文 人与社会 出租车司机帮助作者,作者守诺还钱 352
新课标Ⅰ
卷、Ⅱ卷 2023 记叙文 人与自我 老师帮助作者培养写作兴趣 318
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读后续写是提供一篇350词左右的材料,题目要求依据其内容及所给段落开头语续写两段,使之与所给材料组成一篇在内容、情节和结构上完整的短文(续写部分词数在150左右)。阅卷评分时将主要考虑以下四个方面:
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词数过少的,书写较差以致影响阅读的,会被酌情扣分;单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面,评分时应视其对阅读的影响程度予以考虑。
:准确(词汇和语法)、丰富(词汇/句式/内容)、连贯融洽(开头/前文衔接)。
:内容协同(和原文情节发展方向一致)、主题协同(和原文主题相同)、语言协同(和原文语言风格一致)、情感协同(人物的情感保持一致或者体现渐进合理的变化)。
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Part 2 阅读目标
读后续写题型分为阅读和续写两部分。要想写得好,必须先读懂文章。读文章必须知道阅读必须搞清楚的要素是什么,下面表格就是阅读需要了解的内容。
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故事主题和主要人物 故事主题:首先确定故事主题是亲情、困境、互助、环境保护还是其他,是“人与自我”“人与社会”还是“人与自然”
主要人物:其次要区分主要人物和次要人物,找出主要人物
故事情节线和人物情感线 故事情节线:分为开端,发展,高潮,结局这四部分,是围绕主要人物发生的故事脉络
人物情感线:人物情感线就是贯穿在故事发展过程中人物的态度表达。常表现为直抒胸臆的形容词或副词。有时也通过主要人物/次要人物有效对话、互动来间接表达情感态度
知道矛盾冲突是什么 矛盾冲突:故事为了吸引读者的兴趣,会制造若干冲突或对立情节。矛盾冲突是情节的高潮部分,是情感的爆发阶段。矛盾冲突即故事的转折,通常会出现新人物、事情会出现新的转机,这些转折给出了续写的线索与方向
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Part 3 续写技巧
如何续写是最难的部分,尤其是段落内容的构思,以及每一段如何去写。下面是可操作的实用技巧。
1.定主题:遵循正能量原则
故事的主题必须是弘扬社会主义核心价值观,让人读了后,能激发心中的善良,乐于助人;相信自我,奋发图强;唤醒爱心,爱护大自然,和自然、社会和他人和睦相处。换句话说,故事的主题必须是遇到危险后脱险;遇到问题最后解决了问题;遇到了困难后,勇敢面对不退缩,最后克服了困难;看到别人的困难后帮助他人脱困;千万不能传递负能量。
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2.两段首句+正能量原则确定续写这两段
续写段落的构思和内容的确定尽管很难,但是也可以根据所给两段首句和主题正能量的原则来确定,具体如下:
续写第一段 由第一段首句和第二段首句确定 第一段主要写……
续写第二段 由第二段首句和结局正能量的原则确定 第二段主要写……
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3.两个段落首句+正能量结局+主旨升华推断出续写中的5个句子
确定好段落内容之后,根据两个段落首句+正能量结局+主旨升华可以推断出两段续写中的5个句子,具体技巧如下:
第一段第二句 根据所给第一段首句推断 内容必须是:第一段首句内容的延续
第一段末句 根据所给第二段首句推断 内容必须是:第二段首句内容的前叙
第二段第二句 根据所给第二段首句推断 内容必须是:第二段首句内容的延续
第二段倒数第二句 写故事的结局 内容必须符合正能量原则
第二段末句 写故事的升华 内容是主人公的感悟和感慨(多用谚语)
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4.每段三个微情节原则+动作链+心理描写
根据写作要求中词数的限制,再结合上一步中推断出的5个句子内容,可以把每一段细分为3个微情节进行写作,这3个微情节必须遵循跌宕起伏的原则,描写主要人物的所见,所闻,所说,所做,所思/感。其中重点写人物的一系列动作(动作链)和持续的心理变化(心理描写)。具体操作如下:
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完成上面这一系列步骤后,就清楚地知道每一段中的每一句该写的内容了,下面就需要进行遣词造句了。
第一段 情节 ①______________________________________________
②______________________________________________
③______________________________________________
动作链 ________→________→________→________
心理描写 ________→________→________→________
第二段 情节 ①_______________________________________________
②______________________________________________
③______________________________________________
动作链 ________→________→________→________
心理描写 ________→________→________→________
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Part 4 高分句式
第1组 运用动作链
公式1 主语+did A+and+did B或主语+did A, did B+and+did C
【解释】 连词and连接两个或三个连续的动作
【典例】 One woman tripped over the stone and her water pot went crashing to the ground. She picked herself up and limped away in tears. (tripped over, picked herself up和limped away是3个连续动作)
一个妇女被石头绊倒了,她的水罐摔在地上。她爬起来,含着泪一瘸一拐地走了。
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[即练] ①Even though I was so frightened that I trembled all over, I still ______________ all my courage, ____________ the stage and ____________ my speech.
即使我吓得浑身颤抖,我仍然鼓起勇气, 走上舞台,开始了我的演讲。
②I ____________ Dad, proudly ________________ my own money and ________________ it to him.
我走近爸爸,骄傲地拿出我自己的钱递给他。
③The rescue team ____________ the spot like arrows, ______________ to the injured and then ________________ the nearest hospital.
救援队像箭一样冲到现场,给伤者实施急救,然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。
gathered up
stepped on
began
approached
took out of
handed
dashed to
offered first aid
rushed them to
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公式2 主语+did ..., 非谓语动词或非谓语动词,主语+did ...
【解释】 非谓语动词作状语
【典例】 Our performance stood out(谓语) and gained(谓语) much praise, making(非谓语) us very proud and full of happiness. (making us ...作结果状语)
我们的表现很突出,得到了很多好评,这让我们非常自豪和开心。
[即练] ①Then, she waited, quiet and still, ________ of song lyrics, nursery rhymes, and anything to distract her from the snake.
然后,她静静地等待着,想着歌词、童谣以及任何能分散她对蛇的注意力的东西。
thinking
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②_______________________ by what he had done for me, I couldn't contain myself, tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.
被他为我所做的事情所感动,我不能自已,感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。
③________________________________, we should recognise that no one is perfect and there is no shame in admitting our mistakes.
为了更好地接受自己,我们应该认识到没有人是完美的,承认错误并不可耻。
Struck/Moved/Touched
To better accept ourselves
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第2组 添加状语,动作描写更细化
公式3 主语+did+副词(短语)或副词(短语),主语+did
【解释】 副词(短语)作状语
【典例】 The woman was waiting for the phone anxiously, pacing back and forth in the room. (anxiously作状语,说明主语The woman的状态)
那个女人焦急地等着电话,在房间里来回踱步。
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[即练] ①__________, he put on his clothes and finished the breakfast prepared by Grandma.
他匆忙穿上衣服,吃完了奶奶准备的早餐。
②Gathering her courage, Maria began her speech __________________ __________.
玛丽亚鼓起勇气,慢慢地、清晰地、洪亮地开始了她的演讲。
③Liz picked up the blue envelope and turned it over ________.
莉兹捡起那个蓝色的信封,好奇地把它翻过来。
Hurriedly
slowly, clearly and loudly
curiously
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公式4 主语+动作(谓语或非谓语)+介词短语或介词短语,主语+动作(谓语或非谓语)
【解释】 介词短语作状语
【典例】 His mother listened attentively to the children, with her eyes full of excitement and gratitude. (with her eyes full of excitement and gratitude作伴随状语)
他妈妈认真地听着孩子们说话,双眸满是兴奋和感激。
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[即练] ①________________________, it was the video that made me become a web celebrity,which made me float on air.
令我吃惊的是,正是这个视频使我成了网络名人,这使我非常高兴。
②________________________________________, I finally determined to hand in all the money I earned, so I ran home.
考虑到我家的窘境,我最终决定上交我挣的所有钱,因此我跑回了家。
③So he got off his bike without hesitation, seized it and threw it at the wolf ______________________.
因此,他毫不犹豫地从自行车上下来,抓住自行车,用尽全力把自行车扔向狼。
To my amazement
In view of my family’s awkward situation
with all his strength
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第3组 情感描写
公式5 形容词(短语)作状语,主句
【解释】 形容词(短语)作状语,用来说明主语的状态
【典例】 Amazed and embarrassed, she feels as if all the air were to disappear and people around the world were watching her. (Amazed and embarrassed作状语,用来说明主语she的状态)
既惊讶又尴尬,她感觉好像所有的空气都要消失了,全世界的人都在看着她。
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[即练] ①________________________, I felt as if I were sitting on pins and needles.
既紧张又害怕,我感觉如坐针毡。
②_________________________________________, I was so nervous that I was sweating all over.
意识到所有人都在盯着我,我是如此紧张以至浑身冒汗。
③________________________, they went to the supermarket for what they needed.
感到既高兴又兴奋,他们去超市买他们需要的东西。
Nervous and frightened
Aware of all the people staring at me
Happy and excited
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公式6 (a wave of) joy/delight/excitement/fear等表情感的名词+动词或动词短语(如filled,seized,flooded over,swept over等)+sb某人感到……
【典例】 I was successfully rescued and a wave of gratitude washed over me.
我被成功地营救了,一阵感激之情向我袭来。
[即练] ①________________________ when I saw the scene.
看到那景象,我突然感到一阵恐慌。
Panic seized me
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②______________________________________ when his son got home, safe and sound.
当他的儿子平安到家时,他如释重负。
③When he saw a bear walking towards them, ______________________ ______________.
当他看到一头熊向他们走来时,一种致命的恐惧席卷了他。
A wave of relief flooded over him
a deadly fear swept over him
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公式7 主语+feel a sense of+joy/delight/excitement/fear等表情感的名词
【典例】 Tears flowed down her cheeks and she felt a sense of guilt.
泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来,她感到很内疚。
[即练] ①__________________________________ and walked into the room carefully.
男孩感到很好奇,小心翼翼地走进房间。
The boy felt a sense of curiosity
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②With Christmas drawing near, ______________________________, hoping to get what she desired.
随着圣诞节的临近,女孩感到兴奋,希望得到她想要的东西。
③The leaves whirled in the wind, making loud noises and ________________________________.
树叶在风中旋转,发出巨大的声音,玛丽亚感到一阵恐惧。
the girl felt a sense of excitement
Maria felt a sense of fear
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第4组 with复合结构
公式8 with+名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语, SVO/SVP
【典例】 I was so embarrassed that I felt my face burning with butterflies in my stomach.
我非常尴尬,感觉脸上火辣辣的,心里七上八下。
[即练] ①He was so tired that he fell asleep ____________________.
他太累了,开着灯就睡着了。
with the light on
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②Feeling extremely excited, the little boy ran home ________________ __________________________.
小男孩感到非常兴奋,脸上带着灿烂的笑容跑回了家。
③The old woman was lying in her armchair _____________________ when I passed her yard.
我经过她的院子时,这位老妇人正闭着眼睛躺在扶手椅上。
with a bright smile on his face
with her eyes closed
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公式9 with+名词/代词+doing/done/to do, SVO/SVP
【典例】 With the old man leading the way, we finally walked out of the woods and we breathed a sigh of relief.
有了那位老人带路,我们终于走出了树林,我们松了口气。
[即练] ①_______________________________________________, I felt terribly frightened.
我的头卡在巨大的南瓜里,我感到非常害怕。
With my head trapped in the huge pumpkin
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②When learning that the operation was of no use to the old man, I felt a lump in my throat, ________________________________________.
当得知手术对那位老人没用时,我感到喉咙哽塞,泪水湿润了眼眶。
③_____________________________________, he was obviously at a loss.
有很多问题需要解决,他显然不知所措。
with tears welling up in my eyes
With a lot of problems to settle
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第5组 独立主格结构
公式10 SVO/SVP,名词/代词+doing/done/to do
【典例】 As she looked harder into the darkness, she could just make out a big snake in the corner, two cold, black eyes focusing on her.
当她向黑暗中更仔细地看时,她只能看到角落里有一条大蛇,两只冰冷的黑眼睛盯着她。
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[即练] ①My throat tightened and my knees felt weak, _____________ ___________________________.
我的喉咙发紧,膝盖发软,各种各样糟糕的想法涌入我的脑海。
②He wept sadly, ____________________________.
他伤心地哭了,双手捂着脸。
③I looked at my father nervously, _______________________________ _____________________________________.
我紧张地看着爸爸,双腿颤抖着,心狂跳着。
various terrible thoughts flooding into my mind
his face buried in his hands
my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly
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第6组 无灵主语句
公式11 主语(one's heart/legs等表身体部位的名词)+有灵动词(pounded/sank/shook/trembled等)
【典例】 Her palms sweated and her heart pounded wildly.
她的手心在冒汗,心跳得厉害。
[即练] ①____________________________ and I felt ashamed of what I had done to you.
我脸上火辣辣的,我为我对你所做的事情感到羞愧。
My face was burning
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②The minute I heard the disappointing result, ___________________.
当我听到这个令人失望的结果时,我的心一沉。
③His valuable vase got broken and he got annoyed so much that ________________________ uncontrollably.
他贵重的花瓶被打碎了,他非常生气,双手不受控制地颤抖。
my heart sank
his hands trembled
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公式12 名词tear/smile/voice/laughter等+filled/swam/echoed等有灵动词
【典例】 The smile on my teacher's face shone like a diamond, which drove away my bad mood.
老师脸上像钻石一样闪闪发光的笑容驱散了我糟糕的情绪。
[即练] ①Gradually, ________________________ his face.
渐渐地,他脸上绽放出灿烂的笑容。
②________ of shame and embarrassment __________ in his eyes.
羞愧和尴尬的泪水涌上他的眼眶。
③___________________ and ________________________ on the court.
掌声响起,响亮的声音回荡在球场上。
a bright smile lit up
Tears
welled up
Applause exploded
the thunderous sounds echoed
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公式13 表时间/地点的名词+see/witness/find ... 时间/地点见证……
【典例】 Days and months of training witnessed their progress.
数天数月的训练见证了他们的进步。
[即练] ①The following days ________ more people's generosity, forming a chain of kindness.
接下来的几天见证了更多人的慷慨,形成了善意的传递。
②Built in the 16th century, the building has _________ too much coming and going in history.
这座建筑物建于16世纪,它见证了太多的历史沉浮。
③The tea house ________ a really enjoyable time for all of us.
茶馆见证了我们所有人非常愉快的时光。
saw
witnessed
found
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第7组 全部倒装句
公式14 表方位/地点的介词短语+谓语+主语
【典例】 In front of me were a lot of foods I couldn't even name in my native language.
我面前有许多我用母语都叫不上名字的食物。
[即练] ①________________________________ who was surrounded by a pile of books.
地板上坐着一个男孩,他被一堆书包围着。
On the floor sat a boy
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②________________________________________, looking sad and anxious.
爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边,看起来又悲伤又焦虑。
③____________________________________________, which added to the beauty of our school.
在我们的教学楼前面矗立着两棵大树,它们使得我们的校园更加美丽。
Beside the old truck stood my dad and mom
In front of our teaching building stood two big trees
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公式15 up/down/away/off/out/in/here/there/then等表方位/地点/时间的副词+谓语+主语
【典例】 There lies a small river at the foot of the hill, where we often appreciate the beautiful scenery.
山脚下有一条小河,我们经常在那里欣赏美景。
[即练] ①At that moment, I was in great need of help. I let out a loud cry and _____________________.
那一刻,我急需帮助。我大喊了一声,一个强壮的男人走了出来。
out came a strong man
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②______________________________, which made Jane wild with joy.
接着传来一个熟悉的声音,这让简欣喜若狂。
③As she turned around, ________________________________ with tears rolling down her face.
当她转过身时,小女孩站在那里,泪流满面。
Then came a familiar voice
there stood the little girl
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第8组 心理活动
公式16 感叹句/疑问句,主语+thought或主语+动作+with thoughts
【典例】 “What a tough moment I'm going through!”she thought.
“我正在经历一个多么艰难的时刻啊!”她想。
[即练] ①“________________________________” Maria thought to herself.
“我怎样才能帮助这位善良的女士呢?”玛丽亚心想。
How can I help the kind woman?
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②He felt ashamed ________________ that he had made such a foolish mistake.
想到自己犯了如此愚蠢的错误,他感到羞愧。
③“________________________________________” he thought, with a satisfied expression on his face.
“这是多么有意义的经历啊!”他想,脸上露出满意的表情。
with thoughts
What a meaningful experience it is!
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第9组 用感官描写景色
公式17 通过视觉描写景色
【典例】 At the foot of the mountain runs a small stream lined by trees.
山脚下有一条小溪,两边都是树。
[即练] ①The surrounding fascinating landscape was a true feast for our eyes, with its rolling ____________ dotted with various ____________.
绿树连绵起伏,各色野花点缀其中,周围迷人的风景堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
green trees
wild flowers
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②The ________________________ danced in the night air, making a beautiful picture.
羽毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞,构成一幅美丽的图画。
③_________________________________________________________ _________________ all kept me fascinated.
蔚蓝的天空、一望无际的绿草、落日和数不尽的星星都使我着迷。
feathery snowflakes
The bright blue sky, the endless green grass, the setting sun and the countless stars
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公式18 通过听觉描写景色
【典例】 The stream murmured in a soft voice like a little girl whispering to her mother.
小溪在温柔低语,就像一个小女孩对她的母亲私语一样。
[即练] ①__________________________________ as if they were warmly greeting us.
鸟儿在欢快地歌唱,好像在热情地迎接我们。
Birds were singing happily
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②_______________________________, swinging the branches wildly.
狂风怒吼,疯狂地摇动着树枝。
③The wind picked up and ____________________, which made me feel a sense of fear.
风刮起来了,雷声隆隆地响着,这让我感到恐惧。
The fierce wind roared
the thunder rolled
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公式19 通过触觉、嗅觉描写景色
【典例】 We were bathed in the sun and breathed in the sweet scent of fresh flowers.
我们沐浴着阳光,呼吸着鲜花甜美的芬芳。
[即练] ①________________________________________________ that it cut right through me.
这寒风如此刺骨,直接穿透了我的身体。
The cold wind was so bone-chilling
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②________________________________________, which made me feel a sense of relaxation.
轻柔的风轻轻地拂过我的脸庞,让我感到放松。
③The mountain was dotted with a wide range of wild flowers and ________________________________________________________.
山上点缀着各种各样的野花,空气中弥漫着花香。
The soft wind touched my face gently
the air was filled with the fragrance of flowers
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第10组 最有魅力的3大修辞公式
公式20 主语+谓语+as+adj./adv.+as+物(具有adj./adv.特征的物)
【典例】 Her feet felt as heavy as lead and she slumped beside a tree, weeping without control.
她的脚像灌了铅一样沉重,她瘫坐在树旁,失控地哭了起来。
[即练] ①She is always ________________________.
她总是像蜜蜂一样忙碌。
as busy as a bee
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②Her soul was ________________________, so she was popular with her classmates.
她的心灵像雪一样纯洁,因此她受到同学们的欢迎。
③When I saw him come out of the sadness, my heart was ___________ ____________.
当我看到他走出悲伤,我的心感觉像喝了蜂蜜一样甜。
as pure as snow
as sweet as honey
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公式21 主语+谓语+like/as if/though+名词/从句
【典例】 A good way to promote popcorn occurred to John and thus, he dashed to Bernard's home like a gust of wind.
约翰想到一个促销爆米花的好办法,于是他像一阵风似的冲向伯纳德的家。
[即练] ①It is dark in the woods. It seems as if ____________________ _______________________.
树林里很黑,似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。
there were a fierce beast behind every bush
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②________________________________________. You never know what you're going to get.
人生就像一盒巧克力,你永远不知道下一块是什么味道。
③I feel as though ______________________________________.
我感觉我正飘浮在悲伤的海洋里。
Life is like a box of chocolates
I were floating in the ocean of sadness
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公式22 拟人 主语(表自然现象/动物/植物等的名词)+用于人的动词
【典例】 Kelly, our pet dog, frowned and grieved all day long and we were concerned about her very much.
我们的宠物狗凯莉整日愁眉苦脸,我们非常担心她。
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[即练] ①__________________________________ as if they were welcoming my arrival.
树枝向我挥手,好像在欢迎我的到来。
②__________________________________________ to the deepest part of my being.
这首歌使我的内心深受鼓舞。
③________________________ in a darkening sky.
夜空中星星向我眨眼。
The branches were waving to me
The song spoke words of encouragement
Stars winked at me
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公式23 夸张的修辞手法
【典例】 When he related the horrible thing to his friends, he still felt as if his hair had stood on end.
当他向朋友描述这件恐怖的事情时,他仍然感到毛骨悚然。
[即练] ①The young athlete opened all his arms as if _______________ __________________________.
那名年轻的运动员张开双臂,好像正在拥抱整个世界。
he were hugging the whole world
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②One very hot summer, the sun reflected off the building and ________________________________!
一个非常炎热的夏天,太阳从楼上反射下来,把停在下面的汽车都晒化了!
③Standing on the platform for the first time, she _________________ __________________________.
第一次站在讲台上,她感觉万箭穿心。
melted cars parked below
found scores of arrows piercing her chest
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