Unit 2 Bridging Cultures（教材考点精练）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦“跨文化沟通”主题，系统整合单元核心词汇、语法及语用知识，通过分层训练实现语言能力与文化意识的协同提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |教材考点概览|20+单词/短语/派生词，3个核心句型|梳理词形转换（如qualify→qualification）、句型结构（如It was the first time that...）|构建“词汇-派生词-句型”层级网络| |小题夯基·精准突破|单词拼写20题+语法填空18题+填空20题+短文填空12题|基础词汇运用（根据提示拼写）、语法规则应用（动词形式/介词搭配）|从单词拼写到语法应用，夯实语言基础| |综合攻坚·知能拔高|阅读理解4篇+语法填空10空+书面表达1篇|跨文化主题阅读（如文化适应）、语篇语法填空、主题书面表达|以阅读输入带动语篇输出，提升跨文化交际能力|

Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 教材考点概览 1． 重点单词： recall vt.& vi. 记起，回想起 qualify vt.& vi. （使）具备资格，（使）合格 ambitious adj. 有野心的，有雄心的 comfort n.&vt. 安慰，令人感到安慰的人或事物，舒服，安逸│安慰，抚慰 presentation n. 报告，陈述，出示，拿出 involve vi. 包含，需要，涉及，影响，（使）参加 motivate  vt. 成为……的动机，激发，激励 reasonable adj. 有道理的，合情理的 expectation n. 期望，预期，期待 applicant n. 申请人 firm n. & adj. 公司，商行，事务所│结实的，牢固的，坚定的 expose vt. 使接触，使体验，显露，使暴露于（险境） behave vi. & vt. 表现│表现得体，有礼貌 surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 mature adj. 成熟的 strengthen vi.&vt. 加强，增强，巩固 optimistic adj. 乐观的 gain v.&n. 获得，赢得，取得，增加│好处，增加 cooperate vi. 合作，协作，配合 2． 重点短语： participate in参加，参与 speak up大声地说，明确表态 feel at home舒服自在，不拘束 engage in（使）从事，参与； get involved in参与，卷入，与……有关联 culture shock文化冲击 comfort zone舒适区，舒适范围 cost an arm and a leg（使）花一大笔钱 side with支持，站在……的一边 as far as I know据我所知 as far as I am concerned就我而言，依我看来 in summary总的来说，总之 generally speaking-一般来说 3． 派生词： ‌complex‌: adj. ---- n. ‌complexity‌（复杂性）； ‌qualify‌: v.----adj. ‌qualified‌（有资格的）----n. ‌qualification‌（资格） ‌ambition‌: n. ----adj. ‌ambitious‌----adv. ‌ambitiously‌ ‌adaptation‌: n. ---- v. ‌adapt‌----adj. ‌adaptive‌ / ‌adaptable‌ ‌comfort‌: n&v. ---- adj. ‌comfortable‌；----反义 adj. ‌uncomfortable‌----adv. ‌comfortably‌ ‌participate‌: v. ----n. ‌participation‌----n. ‌participant‌ ‌present‌: adj.---- n. ‌presence‌（存在）；v.（呈现）---- n. ‌presentation‌（展示） ‌engage‌: v. ----adj. ‌engaged‌（忙碌的/订婚的）/ ‌engaging‌（迷人的）----n. ‌engagement‌ ‌involve‌: v. ----adj. ‌involved‌（涉及的）----n. ‌involvement‌ ‌edition‌: n. ----v. ‌edit‌----n. ‌editor‌ overwhelming (adj.)----v.‌overwhelm‌----adj.‌overwhelmed‌(修饰人)； homesickness (n.)----adj.‌homesick‌； motivate (v.)----adj.‌motivated‌----n.‌motivation‌； advisor (n.)=‌adviser‌----n.‌advice‌----v.‌advise‌； reasonable (adj.)----adv.‌reasonably‌----v./n.‌reason‌； expectation (n.)----v.‌expect‌----adj.‌expectant‌(修饰人)/unexpected； applicant (n.)----v.‌apply‌----n.‌application‌; expose (v.)----n.‌exposure‌; departure (n.)----v.‌depart‌ dramatic (adj.)----adv.‌dramatically‌； expense (n.)----adj.‌expensive‌; behave (v.)----n.‌behavior‌=‌behaviour‌‌‌ ‌surrounding‌ (adj.) ---- n. ‌surroundings‌ ---- v. ‌surround‌ ‌depress‌ (v.) ---- n. ‌depression‌ ---- adj. ‌depressed‌ （修饰人） ---- adj. ‌depressing‌ （修饰物）； ‌strengthen‌ (v.) ---- n. ‌strength‌ ---- adj. ‌strong‌ ‌optimistic‌‌ -----（反义词） ‌pessimistic‌ ‌competent‌ (adj.) ---- n. ‌competence‌ （或 competency） ‌cooperate‌ (v.) ---- n. ‌cooperation‌ ---- adj. ‌cooperative‌ ‌sincerely‌ (adv.) ---- adj. ‌sincere‌ ---- n. ‌sincerity‌ ‌logical‌ (adj.) ---- n. ‌logic‌ ---- adv. ‌logically‌ ---- （反义词） ‌illogical‌ ‌‌ 4． 重点句型： 1. It was the first time that she had left China. 此句中用到了It is the first time that sb have done sth这个句型，此句型从句中必须要用完成时形式。如果前面用的是was,从句中相应要用过去完成时。 2. I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn’t know the English for. 疑问词+to do sth相当于一个从句，在句子中作主语，宾语，表语等。 3. The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought. 此句中，the first time 作连词，引导时间状语从句；主句中有两个宾语从句，分别由that和but that引导。 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、单词拼写:(每题1分，共计20分) 1．Xie Lei is studying for a business ________(资格) at a university in China and has come to our university on a year-long exchange programme. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 2．My a_________ is to set up a business in China after graduation. (根据首字母单词拼写) 3．For many beginners, the hardest part of learning Chinese is to g________ (掌握，领会) the different tones correctly. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 4．One loses by pride and g________ by modesty.(根据首字母单词拼写) 5．The experienced specialist has professional skills and__________ (洞察力). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 6．I have been out of work for several months and have to live on a tight ________(预算). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 7．Being e_____to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin. (根据首字母单词拼写) 8．M______ (激励，激发) by the Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger”, they are devoted to bettering themselves. (根据中英文提示填空) 9．The holiday lived up to all our ________.（根据句意填空） 10．I tried to c_________him after he was defeated by his opponent (对手)．(根据首字母单词拼写) 11．The maths problem is too __________ (复杂的) for me to work out. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 12．Last week we went to the __________ (演出) of a new play. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 13．Actively getting i_________ into various social activities is the best way to overcome culture shock.(卷入的) (根据中英文提示填空) 14．Those who were highest in status in high school，as well as those least liked in elementary school，are “most likely to e ________ (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior”. （根据中英文提示填空） 15．The first e______ was published in 2002. (根据首字母单词拼写) 16．There are a great many a________ waiting for the interview outside. (根据首字母单词拼写) 17．These photos ________ (勾起回忆) many stories and details that remind me of the moments they captured. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 18．Faced with various challenges, she kept a ________ (坚定的) determination and never thought of giving up. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 19．Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before ________ (离开). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 20．His decision was wholly ________ (合乎情理的). It’s not surprising for the board to accept it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】1．qualification 【详解】考查名词。句意：谢磊正在中国的一所大学攻读商业资格证书，他来我校参加为期一年的交流项目。空格前有a，空格处用可数名词的单数形式，“资格”是qualification，故填qualification。 2．ambition/mbition 【详解】考查名词。句意：我的志向是毕业后在中国创业。根据句意和首字母，设空处应填名词ambition，意为“追求的目标，抱负；雄心，志向”，在句中作主语，谓语动词is为单数，故主语用单数形式的名词。故填ambition。 3．grasp/rasp 【详解】考查动词。句意：对许多初学者来说，学习中文最难的部分是正确掌握不同的声调。“掌握，领会”使用动词grasp，不定式符号to后接动词原形形式。故填grasp。 4．gains/ains 【详解】考查动词。句意：一个人因骄傲而失去，因谦虚而获得。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词gain，结合上文One loses可知为一般现在时，谓语用三单形式。故填gains。 5．insight 【详解】考查名词。句意：经验丰富的专家具有专业技能和洞察力。结合句意和提示词可知，insight“洞察力”,抽象概念，不可数。故填insight。 6．budget 【详解】考查名词。句意：我已经失业几个月了，不得不靠紧张的预算生活。根据前文a tight可知，所填单词为名词单数形式，再由汉语提示可知，应填budget。故填budget。 7．exposed 【详解】考查动词。句意：暴露于阳光下太久会伤害人的皮肤。根据句意和所给首字母，应是动词expose；此处是短语be exposed to“暴露于”，expose用过去分词形式。填exposed。 8．Motivated/otivated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在奥林匹克口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下，他们致力于提高自己。空处为非谓语动词短语作状语，由空后的by可知应填过去分词形式，与主语they构成被动关系，根据汉语提示及句意，故填Motivated。 9．expectations 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个假期没有辜负我们的期望。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词expectation，表示“期望”时，是可数名词，由空前our可知，应用名词复数形式。故填expectations。 10．comfort/omfort 【详解】考查动词。句意：他被对手打败后，我试图安慰他。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词comfort，意为“安慰”，后接宾语him；此处考查动词短语try to do，to后接动词原形，构成动词不定式，作try的宾语。故填comfort。 11．complex 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这道数学题太复杂，我做不出来。表示“复杂的”可用形容词complex。故填complex。 12．presentation 【详解】考查名词。句意：上星期我们去看了一部新剧的演出。此处是指新剧的演出、上映应用名词presentation。故填presentation。 13．involved 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：积极参与各种社会活动是克服文化冲突的最好方法。根据所给出的首字母提示和中文提示“卷入的”，并结合短语语境“getting i _________  into”可知，应是形容词involved，“get involved into sth”，固定短语，意为“参与到……”，其中“get”为系动词，“involved”为形容词作表语。故填involved。 14．engage 【详解】考查动词。句意：那些在高中时地位最高的人，以及那些在小学时最不受欢迎的人，是“最有可能从事危险和冒险的行为的”。短语be likely to do…“可能做……”，不定式后应是动词原形；根据句意和所给中英文提示，应是动词engage。故填engage。 15．edition/dition 【详解】考查名词。句意：第一版本在2002年发行。根据首字母提示并结合句意，空格处填名词edition，表示“版本”，在句中作主语。空格后谓语动词was published是单数，主语也要用单数形式，即edition。故填edition。 16．applicants/pplicants 【详解】考查可数名词复数。句意：外面有很多应聘者在等着面试。根据“a great many”可知，空处应为可数名词复数，作主语；根据首字母提示，applicant名词，表示“申请人”，符合句意。故填applicants。 17．recall 【详解】考查动词。句意：这些照片勾起了许多故事和细节的回忆，让我想起了它们捕捉到的瞬间。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填动词recall“使想起，勾起回忆”，在句中作谓语动词。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为photos，谓语用原形。故填recall。 18．firm 【详解】考查形容词。句意：面对各种挑战，她保持着坚定的决心，从未想过放弃。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“坚定的”应用形容词firm，在句中作定语修饰名词 determination，符合语境。故填firm。 19．departure 【详解】考查名词。句意：航班应在起飞前48小时确认。空处需用名词作介词before的宾语，根据汉语提示可知，departure意为“离开”，不可数名词，符合题意。故填departure。 20．reasonable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的决定完全合乎情理。董事会接受它并不令人惊讶。根据汉语提示“合乎情理的”可知，用形容词reasonable，作表语。故填reasonable。 二、语法填空：（每题1分，共计18分） 21． (expose) to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22．She didn’t even say goodbye her mother.(用适当的词填空) 23．She found it hard to adapt life in a big city. (用适当的词填空) 24．Many people are familiar the concept of maths. (用适当的词填空) 25．The girls in his class are willing to participate the dancing party. (用适当的词填空) 26．If you have any different ideas, please speak now. (用适当的词填空) 27．The assistant did what he could to make Tom feel home. (用适当的词填空) 28．You can make new friends if you get involved group activities. (用适当的词填空) 29．Engaging British culture has helped Xie Lei adapt herself to her new life abroad. (用适当的词填空) 30． (strengthen) his position, he held talks with leaders of other parties. （所给词的适当形式填空） 31． (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, …(所给词的适当形式填空) 32．Luckily, with her parents (comfort) her by video phones, she became autonomous soon and eventually got her bachelor’s degree successfully. (所给词的适当形式填空) 33．I didn’t realize putting on a play (involve) so much work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 34．Though it was the first time that I (visit) the small town, I fell in love with it at first sight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 35．Yunjin’s categories include Kujin, Kuduan and Zhuanghua, of which Zhuanghua is the , featuring vivid colors and 3D effects.​ (用complex的适当形式填空) 36．He denied (say) such silly words. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37. The profit-sharing plan is designed to motivate the workers (work) hard. （所给词的适当形式填空） 38. I’m writing to apply to join it,thinking that I’m well (qualify) for the job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21. 【答案】Exposure 【详解】考查名词。句意：接触另一种文化及其人民可以让交换生对世界有深刻的了解。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作主语；所给词expose（使...暴露于，使...接触到）为动词，其名词形式exposure符合题意，位于句首首字母应大写。故填Exposure。 22.【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：她甚至没有和母亲告别。 say goodbye to 为固定搭配，意为“告别”。故填to。 23.【答案】to 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她发现很难适应大城市的生活。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语adapt to，意为“适应”。故填to。 24. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：许多人熟悉数学的概念。be familiar with sth.为固定搭配，意为“熟悉某物”。故填with。 25.【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：他班的女生都愿意参加舞会。participate in为固定短语，意为“参加”。故填in。 26.【答案】up 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：如果你有什么不同的想法，请现在就大声说出来。speak up为固定搭配，意为“大声说出来”符合句意。故填up。 27.【答案】at 【详解】考查介词。句意：助理尽其所能使汤姆感到舒服自在。feel at home为固定搭配，意为“舒服自在”。故填at。 28.【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：如果你参加集体活动，你可以结交新朋友。get involved in为固定短语，意为“参加”。故填in。 29.【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：接触英国文化帮助谢蕾适应了国外的新生活。根据句意可知，空处是固定短语engage in，意为“参与；从事”。故填in。 30.【答案】To strengthen 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了巩固自己的地位，他与其他党派的领导人举行了会谈。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填To strengthen。 31.【答案】Recalling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：埃德蒙森回忆起在上海观看中国戏曲版的莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》，以及几年前在斯特拉特福见到前来表演《牡丹亭》选段的中国演员时说……。句子已有谓语动词said，且逗号前无其它连词，因此动词recall应用非谓语动词形式，因其与逻辑主语Edmondson之间为主动关系，即埃德蒙森主动发出“回忆”的动作，所以应用recall的现在分词形式作状语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Recalling。 32.【答案】comforting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，在父母通过可视电话安慰她后，她很快就变得自主起来，最终成功获得了学士学位。空处为非谓语动词，comfort与逻辑主语her parents之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式comforting，构成with的复合结构，作状语。故填comforting。 33. 【答案】involved 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我之前没有意识到排演一部戏剧需要这么多的工作。realize后为宾语从句，本空为从句谓语，根据didn’t realize可知，主句时态为一般过去时，宾语从句的动作与主句动作同时发生，宾语从句时态为一般过去时，谓语用involve“需要，牵涉，包含”的过去式。故填involved。 34. 【答案】had visited 【详解】考查时态。句意：尽管我是初次到访这个小镇，却已一见倾心。主句谓语部分fell in love with使用一般过去时，空处visit这个动作发生于fell in love with之前，表示过去的过去，应使用过去完成时。故填had visited。 35.【答案】most complex 【详解】考查形容词。句意：云锦的种类包括库锦、库缎和妆花，其中妆花工艺最为复杂，以色彩鲜活、富有立体感而著称。此处应用形容词作表语，由the和句意可知，此处表示“最复杂的”，应用最高级，故填most complex。 36.【答案】saying 【详解】考查动名词。句意：他否认说过这样愚蠢的话。deny doing sth.是固定短语，意为“否认做过某事”，因此空格处用动名词saying作宾语。故填saying。 37.【答案】to work 【详解】考查不定式。句意：利润分享计划旨在激励工人努力工作。结合句意可知，此处涉及固定短语motivate sb. to do sth.“激励某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。故填to work。 【点睛】 38.【答案】qualified 【详解】考查形容词。句意：考虑到我有资格胜任这份工作，我写信申请加入。根据空格前的 I’m well可知空格处是表语，要用形容词。故填qualified。 三．请根据上下文填空：（每空1分，共计20分） 39．On his retirement, colleagues (presentation) him with a set of golf clubs. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40．Houses in the neighbourhood of Paris are extremely (expense). (所给词的适当形式填空) 41．Trends toward the globalization of industry have (dramatic) affected steak production in California. (所给词的适当形式填空) 42．We can use social media as a tool to shape each other’s eating (behave) within friend groups and improve public health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43．This movie is an (adapt) of a famous novel about wildlife protection. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44．There were over 500 (apply) for the job, so the competition was fierce.（用所给词的适当形式填空） 45．I believe you will have fun and benefit a lot from this activity. Looking forward to your (participate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 46．At the end of the letter you should express your expectation of (cooperate) and an early reply. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47．The business was soon (firm) established in the town. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Children who are to nature from an early age often develop a love for it, and this benefits their overall growth. (expose) (所给词的适当形式填空) 49．The lake is with trees, so its area looks beautiful. And I’d like to bring up my children in such healthy (surround). (所给词的适当形式填空) 50．Her strong to help others her to volunteer at the local shelter. (motive) (所给词的适当形式填空) 51．The stepmother attempting to murder the little boy, but there was no that she had always been cruel to him. (deny) (所给词的适当形式填空) 52．She to finish the task on time, and her strong gave her motivation. (expect) （所给词的适当形式填空） 39.【答案】presented 【详解】考查动词。句意：在他退休时，同事们送给他一套高尔夫球杆。此处需填动词作谓语，presentation其动词形式为present，表“把……交给”，present sb. with sth.意为“送给某人某物”。根据时间状语On his retirement可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填presented。 40.【答案】expensive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：巴黎附近的房子极其昂贵。空处作表语，需用形容词expensive。故填expensive。 41.【答案】dramatically 【详解】考查副词。句意：工业全球化的趋势显著地影响了加州的牛排生产。根据句意及空后动词affected可知，空处作状语，修饰动词affected，应用所给提示词的副词形式dramatically“显著地”。故填dramatically。 42.【答案】behaviour/behavior 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们可以将社交媒体作为一种工具，在朋友圈内塑造彼此的饮食行为，并改善公共健康。eating是动名词作定语，后面需要接名词。behave的名词有两种形式behaviour和behavior“行为”，在此作不可数名词。故填behaviour/behavior。 43.【答案】adaptation 【详解】考查名词。句意：这部电影是一部关于野生动物保护的著名小说的改编作品。空处作表语，且位于不定冠词an后，用名词形式adaptation“改编版，改编本”。故填adaptation。 44.【答案】applicants 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这份工作有超过500名申请者，所以竞争很激烈。本空作主语，用apply的名词形式applicant“申请者”，over 500后需接可数名词复数，故填applicants。 45.【答案】participation 【详解】考查名词。句意：我相信你会从这次活动中得到很多乐趣和收获。期待您的参与。your后跟名词，此处表示“期待您的参与”，空格处意为“参与”，名词是participation，是不可数名词，故填participation。 46.【答案】cooperation 【详解】考查名词。句意：在信的结尾，你应该表达对合作的期待以及希望早日收到回复。设空处前有介词 of，介词后需接名词作宾语，cooperate 的名词形式是 cooperation，且 cooperation 为不可数名词，符合句意。故填 cooperation。 47.【答案】firmly 【详解】考查副词。句意：生意很快就在城里站稳了脚跟。根据句意，提示词在句中修饰谓语动词was established，应用副词firmly，作状语，意为“牢固地，稳稳地”。故填firmly。 48.【答案】 exposed exposure 【详解】考查词性转换。句意：从小接触大自然的孩子往往会对大自然产生热爱，而这种接触有利于他们的全面成长。expose与主语who指代的先行词Children之间为被动关系，所以，此处用过去分词exposed构成被动结构，be exposed to，意为“接触……”符合句意，所以第一空填exposed；第二空位于指示代词this之后，需用名词作主语，expose的名词形式为exposure，意为“接触、暴露”，符合语境，所以第二空填exposure。故填①exposed②exposure。 49.【答案】 surrounded surrounding surroundings 【详解】考查动词、形容词和名词。句意：这个湖四周环绕着树木，因此其周边区域看起来十分美丽。而且我希望能让我的孩子在这样的健康环境中成长。第一空作谓语，表示“围绕”用动词surround，与主语构成被动关系，结合is可知为一般现在时的被动语态；第二空修饰名词area用形容词surrounding，作定语；第三空作宾语，surrounding作名词使用，常用名词复数形式surroundings。故填①surrounded；②surrounding；③surroundings。 50.【答案】 motivation motivated 【详解】考查名词，动词和时态。句意：她帮助他人的强烈动机促使她去当地收容所做志愿者。第一个空，根据空前Her strong可知，空处需用名词作主语，motive的名词为motivation，表示“动机”，由句意可知，此处特指她帮助他人的强烈动机，名词应用单数形式；第二个空，根据空后her to volunteer可知，可知使用固定短语motivate sb. to do sth.，意为“促使某人做某事”，由语境可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，需用动词motivate“促使”的过去式motivated作谓语。故填①motivation；②motivated。 51.【答案】 denied denying 【详解】考查时态和动名词。句意：继母否认试图谋杀小男孩，但不可否认的是，她一直对他很残忍。第一空用动词作谓语，由后面的was可知，时态是一般过去时，第一空用过去式denied；there is no denying that...是固定句型，意为“不可否认的是……”，因此第二空是denying。故填denied；denying。 52.【答案】 expected expectation 【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：她期望按时完成任务，强烈的期望给了她动力。空1为谓语动词，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，应用expected，意为“期望”；空2为主语，应用名词expectation，前面有her修饰用单数，意为“期望”。故填expected；expectation。 四．根据汉语提示完成短文：（每题2分，共计12分） Dear Chris, I am sorry to hear 53 （你很难适应你的新学校）. Such problems are quite normal. Perhaps the 54 （以下建议可能会有所帮助） . First, I think you should 55 （与同学交流）as much as possible. In this way, you will get to know each other better. Second, it might be a good idea for you 56 （参加更多的活动）, knowing new friends and communicating with other students are good for developing friendly relationships. I recommend you consider asking our teachers 57 （当面对一些棘手的问题时）. I believe they can usually offer you some sensible suggestions. I sincerely hope 58 （我的建议会对你有所帮助）. If there is anything more I can do to help, please let me know. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】53．that you are having trouble fitting in at your new school 54．following suggestions may be helpful 55．communicate with your classmates 56．to take part in more activities 57．when faced with some tough problems 58．my advice will be of some help to you 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。书信中主要涉及了作者对于来信的人的一些适应新学校的建议。 【详解】53．考查动词短语，时态和宾语从句。“难适应”可表示为“have trouble fitting in”；且此处表示“正在的含义”，故用现在进行时；动词hear之后是宾语从句，连接词不做成分，只起到连接的作用，需用that，从句主语是you，be动词用are，故填that you are having trouble fitting in at your new school。 54．考查非谓语动词，名词，情态动词和形容词。句子可以使用主系表结构，“以下的”可表示为“following”；“建议”可以表示为“suggestion”即the following suggestions作主语；“可能”可表示为“may”，后接动词原形；“有帮助的”可表示为“be helpful”。故填following suggestions may be helpful。 55．考查动词短语和名词。“与……交流”可以表示为“communicate with”；宾语“你的同学”可表示为“your classmates”。should之后应该加上动词原形，故填communicate with your classmates。 56．考查不定式，动词短语和名词。“参加”可表示为“take part in”；“更多的”可表示为“more”；宾语“活动”可表示为“activities”。且此句子中的it作为形式主语，真正的主语应该用不定式，故填to take part in more activities。 57．考查状语从句，动词短语，形容词和名词。“面对”可表示为“be faced with”；“棘手的”可表示为“tough”；宾语“问题”可表示为“problems”。且此处是when引导的状语从句，当主从句的主语一致，且从句主语有be动词，可以省略从句主语和be动词，故填when faced with some tough problems。 58．考查名词和时态。“我的建议”可以表示为“my advice”；“对某人有所帮助”可表示为“be of some help to sb”，宾语是you，且此处表示将来的动作，用一般将来时，hope之后是宾语从句，且此处省略了引导词that，故填my advice will be of some help to you。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一．阅读理解：（每题2.5分，共计40分） A Below is a page adapted from an English dictionary. Important words to learn: Essential     Improver Advanced pump/pʌmp/ ▶noun [C] DEVICE 1 a piece of equipment which is used to cause liquid, air or gas to move from one place to another: a water/ bicycle/ fuel pump ◯ a UK petrol/US gas pump SHOE 2 [USUALLY PLURAL] US（UK court shoe）a type of plain shoe with a raised HEEL and no way of fastening it to the foot which is worn by women 3 [USUALLY PLURAL] a type of flat shoe, like a BALLET dancer’s shoe, which is worn by women 4 [U-SUALLY PLURAL]UK a flat shoe made of heavy cloth, which is worn by children for doing sports ▶verb LIQUID/GAS 1 [USUALLY+ADV/PREP] to force liquid or gas to move somewhere: Our latest machine can pump a hundred gallons a minute. ◯ The new wine is pumped into storage tanks. ◯ The heart pumps blood through the arteries/ round the body. INFORMATION 2 [T] INFORMAL to keep asking someone for information, especially in a way that is not direct: She was pumping me for details of the new project.▶idioms pump sb’s hand to SHAKE someone’s hand (=hold their hand and move it up and down, especially in order to greet them) ·pump iron INFORMAL to lift heavy weights for exercise: These days both men and women pump iron for fitness. ▶phrasal verbs pump sth. into sth. to spend a lot of money trying to make something operate successfully: They had been pumping money into the business for some years without seeing any results. pump sth. out[M] REMOVE 1 to remove water or other liquid from something using a pump: We took turns pumping out the boat. PRODUCE 2 INFORMAL DISAPPROVING to produce words or loud music in a way that is repeated, forceful and continuous: The government keeps pumping out the same old propaganda. ○ The car radio was pumping out music with a heavy beat.pump out sth. If someone’s stomach is pumped out, a poisonous substance is removed from it by being sucked through a tube: She had to go to hospital to have her stomach pumped out. pump sb. up [M] INFORMAL to make someone feel more confident or excited: He was offering them advice and trying to pump them up. ◯ [R] The players were pumping themselves up by singing the national anthem before the game. pump sth. up [M]1 to fill something with air using a pump: Have you pumped up the balloons yet? ◯I must pump the tyres up on my bike. 2 INFORMAL to increase something by a large amount: The US was able to pump up exports. ◯ Let’s pump up the volume a bit!pump-action/'pʌmpækʃən/, adjective [BEFORE NOUN]describes a device which operates by forcing something, especially air, in or out of a closed space or container: a pump-action shotgun ◯ a pump-action toilet ˈpump ˌpriming noun [U]SPECIALIZED the activity of helping a business, programme, economy, etc. to develop by giving it money: The government is awarding small, pump-priming grants to single mothers who are starting their own businesses. pun /pʌn/ ▶noun [C]a humorous use of a word or phrase which has several meanings or which sounds like another word: She made a couple of dreadful puns. ◯ This is a well-known joke based on a pun: “What’s black and white and red（=read）all over?” “A newspaper.” ▶verb [1] (-nn-) to make a pun punch/pʌntʃ/ ▶noun HIT 1 [C] a forceful hit with a FIST（=closed hand）: She gave him a punch UK on/US in the nose. EFFECT 2 [U] the power to be interesting and have a strong effect on people: I felt the performance/speech/ presentation lacked punch. DRINK 3 [C or U] a cold or hot drink made by mixing fruit juices, pieces of fruit and often wine or other alcoholic drinks TOOL. 4 [C] a piece of equipment which cuts holes in a material by pushing a piece of metal through it: a ticket punch ○ Have you seen the hole punch anywhere? ▶verb [T] HIT 1 to hit someone or something with your FIST（= closed hand）: He punched him in the stomach. 2 MAINLY US to hit with your fingers the buttons on a telephone or the keys on a keyboard. USE TOOL. 3 to make a hole in something with a special piece of equipment: I was just punching holes in some sheets of paper. ○ This belt’s too big—I’ll have to punch an extra hole in it. ▶idioms punch sb’s lights out INFORMAL to hit someone repeatedly very hard ·punch the clock US to put a card into a special machine to record the times you arrive at and leave work: After 17 years of punching the clock, he just disappeared one morning and was never heard from again. 1．What does the word “pump” mean in “He ran in every five minutes to pump me about the case”? A．Talk with. B．Ask for information. C．Listen to. D．Provide with evidence. 2．When Sally says “The TV program kept pumping out commercials”, she may be ________. A．excited B．interested C．annoyed D．worried 3．What will the government most probably provide if it is engaged in a pump-priming program? A．Sums of money. B．Raw materials. C．Human resources. D．Media support. 4．When Sylvia says “His speech was OK but it had no real punch”, she thinks it was not ________. A．fluent and impressive B．logical and moving C．informative and significant D．interesting and powerful B “What is your name?” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time. But for me, it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland. The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English. For native speakers of English, some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce. My given name Qiuyu (秋雨), for instance, happened to be a great challenge for many of them. Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did. Once in a lecture, the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter. I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me. After all, I did care about how others would think of me. I realized that if I didn’t stop, the entire lecture would be ruined. “It’s okay, professor,” I shrugged (耸肩). The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter. I forced a smile, unsure how to respond further. After that incident, I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher.” Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded approvingly. This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain. However, I soon found that by doing so, I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity. In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. At first, I hesitated because of the previous awkward moments. But then I decided to take the opportunity. “In Chinese, ‘Qiu’ means ‘autumn’ and ‘Yu’ means ‘rain.’ In my culture, the autumn rain nourishes the earth and brings people harvest.” The professor nodded and to my surprise, many classmates began to mimic the sound and the rhythm of my name. Their interest and effort made me feel proud of our culture. I came to know that my name is not only a symbol, but also a doorway to Chinese culture. Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. “What a poetic name you’ve got!” one girl said. “Could you teach us to say it correctly?” another classmate asked. “Maybe you could share more about Chinese culture with us sometime.” This time, I didn’t shrug. I talked with them with extreme patience and warmth. Their curiosity and laughter made me realize that sharing our cultural identity is meaningful. From then on, I began to see my name as a bridge to connect different worlds. 5．Why was the author’s name a challenge for native English speakers? A．Because it was too long to remember. B．Because its pronunciation was unfamiliar to them. C．Because they were not interested in foreign names. D．Because the author refused to explain it to them. 6．What did the author do after the awkward incident in the lecture? A．He decided to change his name to an English one. B．He continued to correct people’s pronunciation patiently. C．He avoided explaining the pronunciation of his name anymore. D．He asked the professor to help him introduce his name. 7．The word “nourishes” in Paragraph 6 most probably means ________. A．destroys B．feeds and helps grow C．washes away D．cools down 8．What was the change in the classmates’ attitude after the author explained the meaning of his name? A．They became more curious and respectful. B．They thought it was too poetic to be true. C．They felt sorry for their previous impatience. D．They lost interest in Chinese culture. C When I turned 64, I signed up for a one-month German immersion (沉浸) program in Berlin. On my first morning, the head teacher told us firmly: “Anyone who speaks a single word of your mother tongue will be charged a 3-euro fine.” At that moment, I doubted whether I had made a wise decision. I fell in love with German when I was a teenager, but university courses bored me. Later, my grandchildren went to a bilingual German school, and my interest woke up again. Still, housework and work kept me too busy to study on my own. Last year, an elderly neighbour who spoke fluent German told me about his trips around Germany. I felt so jealous. The very next day, I resolved to realize my dream. Even in my sixties, I loved taking on new challenges. One month later, I flew to Berlin to study German for 30 days, where we were immersed in Germany eight hours a day. My classmates came from all over the globe: a Korean woman hoped to master German to appreciate European art; an Indian graduate wanted to find a job in Germany; many, like me, sought a personal challenge. The first week was extremely tough. My brain hurt from non-stop language input. I routinely embarrassed myself. With only a limited German vocabulary, I couldn’t tell any of my usual stories and jokes. After much practice, I finally developed an amusing story to tell to whomever I sat with. Yes, the same story every day. At least I was never fined three euros! At school one day, I met a British woman I had chatted with in English at a café the previous day. I walked straight past her without a greeting — paying a thousand euros as punishment would do! Little by little, the immersive environment worked wonders. As soon as I stepped into the teaching building, my brain shifted to thinking in German. During the whole month, I made significant progress. On the final day, I even delivered a speech completely in German. Attending the program inspired me to continue my German learning. And I’ve booked the courses for another session this spring. I can’t wait to get there and embarrass myself again! Age will never stop me from trying new things! 9．Why did the author doubt her decision on the first day of the program? A．The lessons were boring. B．The regulations were too strict. C．The schedule was overloaded. D．The cost was very high. 10．What pushed the author to learn German in Berlin? A．Her grandchildren’s German classes. B．Her urge to be equally fluent in German like a neighbour. C．Her being attached to German. D．Her regained interest in German. 11．Which of the following can be used to describe the author? A．Cautious and curious. B．Self-disciplined and caring. C．Determined and challenge-seeking. D．Light-hearted and approachable. 12．What message does the text mainly want to show? A．Interest-motivated efforts will harvest well. B．Patience is the best policy. C．Rules are meant to be broken. D．Age won’t be the barrier to learning. D School is still out for the summer, but at Eastern Senior High School in Washington, D．C．, students are hard at work outdoors. In a garden filled with flowers, vegetables and herbs, nearly a dozen teenagers are harvesting (收获) vegetables for the weekend’s farmers market. Anita is going into her junior year at Eastern, and has been working in this garden for three years now. In summer, Anita works from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m., Tuesday to Saturday and gets paid by City Blossoms. It is a nonprofit group, which builds community gardens for city schools. She believes that gardening has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating a wider variety of vegetables regularly. She brought these healthy habits home, and her improved diet even inspired her family to buy more fruits and vegetables. Anita’s experience is a good example of the broader impact that City Blossoms aims to create. City Blossoms is one of many groups across the country that team up with local communities to establish school gardens. It cooperates with schools to build garden classrooms. Besides, it offers training to teachers to attract students’ attention and improve their grades. These gardens effectively function as open-air classrooms. For example, they can be used for math lessons, like calculating the area of a plant bed or learning the science of how plants grow. For the students, the experience has totally changed their views on where food comes from, and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12-15% rise in the number of students passing standardized tests (标准化考试) and 94% of teachers reported seeing increased engagement from their students, according to an independent evaluation conducted by PEER Associates. 13．What does Anita think of the summer outdoor activity? A．It brings her whole family closer. B．It helps her perform better at school. C．It is a nice way to earn pocket money. D．It contributes to her healthy eating habit. 14．What is the main original purpose of building school gardens? A．To increase students’ test scores. B．To provide a creative way of learning. C．To make students fall in love with planting. D．To help teachers improve professional skills. 15．What aspect of City Blossoms is discussed in the last paragraph? A．Its daily operations. B．Its practical effects. C．Its applications. D．Its expectations. 16．What can be the most suitable title for the text? A．City Blossoms: More Than a Garden B．Healthy Eating: Changing Family Habits C．Gardening: A Summer Part-time Job for Students D．Outdoor Classrooms: More Than Planting Lessons A.【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】主要节选自英语词典，详细讲解pump、pun、punch三个单词的词性、释义、习语与短语用法。 【详解】1．词句猜测题。根据pump词条动词释义中的“INFORMATION  2[T] INFORMAL to keep asking someone for information, especially in a way that is not direct:(非正式用法，打探信息)不断向某人打探消息，尤其指拐弯抹角地询问信息”可知，句中pump含义为打探消息、询问信息。 2．推理判断题。根据pump短语动词pump sth. out中的“2 INFORMAL DISAPPROVING to produce words or loud music in a way that is repeated, forceful and continuous:(非正式，含贬义)反复、强行不间断地输出话语、音乐等内容”可知，电视节目不停播放广告带有重复扰人的贬义，莎莉会感到厌烦。 3．细节理解题。根据pump-priming词条中的“ˈpump ˌpriming noun [U]SPECIALIZED the activity of helping a business, programme, economy, etc. to develop by giving it money:(专业术语，指投放资金助力企业、项目、经济发展)”可知，政府推行该计划会提供资金。 4．细节理解题。根据punch名词释义中的“EFFECT   2 [U] the power to be interesting and have a strong effect on people:(感染力，指有趣、有强大影响力的特质)”可知，句子表示演讲缺少感染力，也就是不够有趣、没有力度。 B.【答案】5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 【导语】本文主要讲述作者在爱尔兰留学时，从回避讲解中文名到主动分享名字承载的中国文化。 【详解】5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English. For native speakers of English, some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce.(汉语发音体系和英语差异很大，对英语母语者来说，部分中文词语很难发音。)”可知，英语母语者不熟悉作者名字的发音，因此难以读准。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“After that incident, I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher.” Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded approvingly.(这件事后，我不再充当“中文老师”。别人读不好我的名字时，我不再纠正，只是微笑赞许点头。)”可知，作者不再主动解释、纠正名字发音。 7．词句猜测题。根据第六段中的“In Chinese, ‘Qiu’ means ‘autumn’ and ‘Yu’ means ‘rain.’ In my culture, the autumn rain nourishes the earth and brings people harvest.(中文里“秋”是秋天，“雨”是雨水；在我们文化中，秋雨nourishes大地，为人们带来丰收。)”可知，秋雨滋养土地、助力作物生长，可推断nourishes意为滋养、供给养分帮助生长。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. “What a poetic name you’ve got!” one girl said. “Could you teach us to say it correctly?” another classmate asked. “Maybe you could share more about Chinese culture with us sometime.” This time, I didn’t shrug. I talked with them with extreme patience and warmth. Their curiosity and laughter made me realize that sharing our cultural identity is meaningful.(很多同学都产生了兴趣，下课后纷纷走到我身边。有个女孩说：“你的名字真富有诗意。” 还有一位同学问道：“你能教教我们怎么把你的名字读标准吗？或许你什么时候可以多跟我们讲讲中国文化。” 这一次，我没有再耸肩。我满怀耐心、热情地和他们交谈。他们的好奇与欢声笑语让我明白，分享自身的文化特征是一件很有意义的事。)”可知，听完名字寓意后同学们变得更好奇，也更加尊重中国文化。 C.【答案】9．B 10．B 11．C 12．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者64岁参加德语沉浸式课程，克服初期困难，坚持学习并取得进步，展现了活到老学到老、勇于挑战的精神。 【详解】9．细节理解题。根据第一段“On my first morning, the head teacher told us firmly: “Anyone who speaks a single word of your mother tongue will be charged a 3-euro fine.” At that moment, I doubted whether I had made a wise decision. (开课第一天早晨，班主任坚定地告诉我们：“任何说母语的人都会被罚款3欧元。”那一刻，我怀疑自己是否做了明智的决定)”可知，作者是因为觉得规定太严苛才动摇的。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段“Last year, an elderly neighbour who spoke fluent German told me about his trips around Germany. I felt so jealous. The very next day, I resolved to realize my dream. (去年，一位能说流利德语的老邻居跟我讲他在德国的旅行见闻，我十分羡慕。第二天，我就下定决心要实现自己的梦想)”可知，邻居流利的德语和对旅行的描述激发了作者的行动力。 11．推理判断题。根据第一段“When I turned 64, I signed up for a one-month German immersion (沉浸) program in Berlin.(当我64岁的时候，我在柏林报名参加了一个为期一个月的德语沉浸式课程)”以及最后一段“Attending the program inspired me to continue my German learning. And I’ve booked the courses for another session this spring.(参加这个项目激励我继续学习德语。我已经预订了今年春天另一节课的课程)”可知，作者坚持一个月全德语环境学习，甚至续报春季课程，由此可知，作者是坚定的；根据第二段“Even in my sixties, I loved taking on new challenges.(即使六十多岁了，我也喜欢接受新挑战)”以及最后一段“Age will never stop me from trying new things!(年龄绝不会阻止我去尝试新事物)”可知，作者乐于挑战，所以坚定且爱挑战最能概括作者的特质。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Age will never stop me from trying new things!(年龄绝不会阻止我去尝试新事物)”以及文章内容可知，文章以作者64岁高龄参加高强度德语培训为主线，从最初的不适应到最后能用德语演讲并计划继续学习，想要展示的是“年龄不会成为学习的障碍”。 D.【答案】13．D 14．B 15．B 16．A 【导语】文章主要讲述了华盛顿特区东部高中的学生在暑期参与园艺活动，通过建设校园花园来丰富学习体验、改善饮食习惯，并取得了积极的教育成果。 【详解】13．细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“She believes that gardening has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating a wider variety of vegetables regularly. She brought these healthy habits home, and her improved diet even inspired her family to buy more fruits and vegetables. (她认为园艺教会了她尝试各种新事物，比如定期吃更多种类的蔬菜。她把这些健康习惯带回了家，她改善后的饮食甚至激励了她的家人购买更多的水果和蔬菜。)”可知，她认为园艺活动帮助她养成了健康的饮食习惯。 14．推理判断题。根据第三段第三、四、五句“It cooperates with schools to build garden classrooms. Besides, it offers training to teachers to attract students’ attention and improve their grades. These gardens effectively function as open-air classrooms. (它与学校合作建设花园教室。此外，它还提供教师培训，以吸引学生的注意力并提高他们的成绩。这些花园有效地充当了露天教室。)”可知，建造学校花园的初衷是将其作为一种创新的教学方式，提供一种富有创意的学习方式。 15．主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容“For the students, the experience has totally changed their views on where food comes from, and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12-15% rise in the number of students passing standardized tests (标准化考试) and 94% of teachers reported seeing increased engagement from their students, according to an independent evaluation conducted by PEER Associates. (对学生来说，这段经历完全改变了他们对食物来源以及生产食物需要什么的看法。根据PEER Associates（一家专注于教育项目评估的美国咨询公司）进行的一项独立评估，合作学校通过标准化考试的学生人数增加了12-15%，94%的教师报告说他们的学生参与度提高了。)”可知，最后一段主要讨论的是“城市之花”带来的实际效果，包括学生观念的改变、考试成绩的提高和参与度的提升。 16．主旨大意题。文章第一段引出东部高中学生在暑期参与园艺活动；第二段通过阿尼塔的例子说明园艺活动对学生饮食习惯的积极影响；第三段介绍“城市之花”通过与学校合作建设花园教室、培训教师，将花园打造成露天教室；第四段说明这些活动对学生产生的实际效果，包括观念改变、成绩提高和参与度提升。全文围绕“城市之花”展开，表明它不仅仅是一个花园，更是一个多功能的教育平台。A选项“City Blossoms: More Than a Garden (城市之花：不仅仅是花园)”准确概括了文章主旨。 二．语法填空：（每题1.5分，共计15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For Latvian poet Ieva Lapina, ancient Chinese poetry is more than art — it is a bridge connecting two distant cultures through 17 (share) emotions and timeless beauty. Her book, River Snow: Anthology of Ancient Chinese Lyrics, 18 (publish) in 2024 and quickly secured several major honors. It features works by literary giants including Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, Li Bai, and Xin Qiji, spanning from the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 — 420) 19 the Song Dynasty (960-1279). “Translating from ancient Chinese into modern Latvian was a great challenge, because Latvian literature is 20 (relative) young, while Chinese poetry has millennia of development, with rich forms and many 21 (remark) poets,” Lapina says. To connect two distant cultures, she carefully reproduces the imagery and rhythm of the 22 (original) while blending them with the musicality of Latvian verse, creating a poetic dialogue that bridges cultures. She even adds annotations (注释) 23 (explain) historical events and poet biographies. For Lapina, translation is not merely about words but about transmitting meaning and emotion across languages. In this endeavor, she strives to convey the essence of the original text, whether it is a poem 24 a scholar’s reflections. Thus, when the translation reaches the reader, it takes on a new life, 25 (present) China as filtered through her interpretive lens. Lapina hopes her work will deepen the local understanding of Chinese literature, just as she said — Poetry is like a snowflake that crosses mountains and rivers and falls into 26 heart of a distant land. 【答案】 17．shared 18．was published 19．to 20．relatively 21．remarkable 22．originals 23．to explain 24．or 25．presenting 26．the 【导语】文章主要说明了拉脱维亚诗人翻译中国历代古诗并出版获奖诗集，克服两国文学差异还原诗意韵律，辅以注释，希望借诗歌传递共通情感，加深当地人对中国文学的理解。 【详解】17．考查形容词。句意：对拉脱维亚诗人伊娃·拉皮娜而言，中国古代诗歌不仅仅是一种艺术，更是一座桥梁，通过共同的情感与永恒的美，连接着两种遥远的文化。修饰名词emotions用形容词shared，作定语。 18．考查时态语态。句意：她的译作《江雪：中国古典诗词选集》于2024年出版，问世后迅速斩获多项重要奖项。主语book与谓语构成被动关系，结合后文可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。 19．考查介词。句意：收录了陶渊明、谢灵运、李白和辛弃疾等文学巨匠的作品，时间跨度从东晋（317—420年）至宋代（960—1279年）。短语from…to…表示“从……到……”。 20．考查副词。句意：“将古代汉语翻译成现代拉脱维亚语是一项巨大的挑战，因为拉脱维亚文学相对年轻，而中国诗歌已有数千年的发展历史，形式丰富，诗人众多且成就卓著，”拉皮娜说。修饰形容词young用副词relatively。 21．考查形容词。句意：“将古代汉语翻译成现代拉脱维亚语是一项巨大的挑战，因为拉脱维亚文学相对年轻，而中国诗歌已有数千年的发展历史，形式丰富，诗人众多且成就卓著，”拉皮娜说。修饰名词poets用形容词remarkable。 22．考查名词的数。句意：为了连接两种遥远的文化，她精心再现原作的意象与节奏，并将其融入拉脱维亚诗歌的音乐性之中，创造出一种跨越文化的诗意对话。the originals表示原作、原文诗篇，用复数指代众多古诗。 23．考查非谓语动词。句意：她甚至添加了注释，用以解释历史事件和诗人传记。此处explain作目的状语，用不定式。 24．考查固定句型。句意：在这一过程中，她力求传达原文的精髓，无论是诗歌还是学者的思考。句型whether…or…表示“无论是……还是……”。 25．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，当翻译传达到读者手中时，它便获得了新生，以她独特的诠释视角呈现中国。此处present与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。 26．考查冠词。句意：拉皮娜希望自己的作品能加深人们对中文文学的理解，正如她所说——诗歌就像一片雪花，穿越山河，最终落在遥远土地的中心。短语the heart of...表示“……的内心”。 三、书面表达：（共25分） 假定你是李华，请围绕课堂学习、师生关系、校园活动三个要点，写一篇100词左右的英语短文。 内容要点  ： 1. 课堂学习：专心听讲、认真记笔记、按时完成作业、积极参与讨论。   2. 师生关系：尊重老师、主动请教、老师鼓励我们进步。   3. 校园活动：参加志愿者活动、团队合作、庆祝成就。 词汇要求   从下列词汇中至少选用6个，可灵活变形：   attentive, take notes, assignment, participate in, respect, consult, encourage, volunteer, team work, celebrate, make progress, live up to __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: As a student, I always try to live up to my potential in school. In class, I remain attentive and take notes carefully. I make sure to finish every assignment on time and actively take part in group discussions. I also value the relationship with my teachers. I respect them deeply and often consult them when I have questions. They always encourage me to keep going whenever I face difficulties. After class, I enjoy various activities. I often do volunteer work, where I learn the importance of teamwork. We also celebrate our achievements together, which makes my school life colorful and meaningful. 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份，围绕课堂学习、师生关系、校园活动三个方面写一篇英语短文，介绍自己在校的学习状态、师生相处模式与课余活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：take part in → participate in 鼓励：encourage → inspire 团队合作：teamwork → cooperation 各种各样的：various → varieties of 2.句式拓展 并列句变复合句 原句：I remain attentive and take notes carefully. 拓展句：I remain attentive in class and take notes carefully so that I can grasp knowledge better. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I often do volunteer work, where I learn the importance of teamwork.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】We also celebrate our achievements together, which makes my school life colorful and meaningful.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 教材考点概览 1． 重点单词： recall vt.& vi. 记起，回想起 qualify vt.& vi. （使）具备资格，（使）合格 ambitious adj. 有野心的，有雄心的 comfort n.&vt. 安慰，令人感到安慰的人或事物，舒服，安逸│安慰，抚慰 presentation n. 报告，陈述，出示，拿出 involve vi. 包含，需要，涉及，影响，（使）参加 motivate  vt. 成为……的动机，激发，激励 reasonable adj. 有道理的，合情理的 expectation n. 期望，预期，期待 applicant n. 申请人 firm n. & adj. 公司，商行，事务所│结实的，牢固的，坚定的 expose vt. 使接触，使体验，显露，使暴露于（险境） behave vi. & vt. 表现│表现得体，有礼貌 surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 mature adj. 成熟的 strengthen vi.&vt. 加强，增强，巩固 optimistic adj. 乐观的 gain v.&n. 获得，赢得，取得，增加│好处，增加 cooperate vi. 合作，协作，配合 2． 重点短语： participate in参加，参与 speak up大声地说，明确表态 feel at home舒服自在，不拘束 engage in（使）从事，参与； get involved in参与，卷入，与……有关联 culture shock文化冲击 comfort zone舒适区，舒适范围 cost an arm and a leg（使）花一大笔钱 side with支持，站在……的一边 as far as I know据我所知 as far as I am concerned就我而言，依我看来 in summary总的来说，总之 generally speaking-一般来说 3． 派生词： ‌complex‌: adj. ---- n. ‌complexity‌（复杂性）； ‌qualify‌: v.----adj. ‌qualified‌（有资格的）----n. ‌qualification‌（资格） ‌ambition‌: n. ----adj. ‌ambitious‌----adv. ‌ambitiously‌ ‌adaptation‌: n. ---- v. ‌adapt‌----adj. ‌adaptive‌ / ‌adaptable‌ ‌comfort‌: n&v. ---- adj. ‌comfortable‌；----反义 adj. ‌uncomfortable‌----adv. ‌comfortably‌ ‌participate‌: v. ----n. ‌participation‌----n. ‌participant‌ ‌present‌: adj.---- n. ‌presence‌（存在）；v.（呈现）---- n. ‌presentation‌（展示） ‌engage‌: v. ----adj. ‌engaged‌（忙碌的/订婚的）/ ‌engaging‌（迷人的）----n. ‌engagement‌ ‌involve‌: v. ----adj. ‌involved‌（涉及的）----n. ‌involvement‌ ‌edition‌: n. ----v. ‌edit‌----n. ‌editor‌ overwhelming (adj.)----v.‌overwhelm‌----adj.‌overwhelmed‌(修饰人)； homesickness (n.)----adj.‌homesick‌； motivate (v.)----adj.‌motivated‌----n.‌motivation‌； advisor (n.)=‌adviser‌----n.‌advice‌----v.‌advise‌； reasonable (adj.)----adv.‌reasonably‌----v./n.‌reason‌； expectation (n.)----v.‌expect‌----adj.‌expectant‌(修饰人)/unexpected； applicant (n.)----v.‌apply‌----n.‌application‌; expose (v.)----n.‌exposure‌; departure (n.)----v.‌depart‌ dramatic (adj.)----adv.‌dramatically‌； expense (n.)----adj.‌expensive‌; behave (v.)----n.‌behavior‌=‌behaviour‌‌‌ ‌surrounding‌ (adj.) ---- n. ‌surroundings‌ ---- v. ‌surround‌ ‌depress‌ (v.) ---- n. ‌depression‌ ---- adj. ‌depressed‌ （修饰人） ---- adj. ‌depressing‌ （修饰物）； ‌strengthen‌ (v.) ---- n. ‌strength‌ ---- adj. ‌strong‌ ‌optimistic‌‌ -----（反义词） ‌pessimistic‌ ‌competent‌ (adj.) ---- n. ‌competence‌ （或 competency） ‌cooperate‌ (v.) ---- n. ‌cooperation‌ ---- adj. ‌cooperative‌ ‌sincerely‌ (adv.) ---- adj. ‌sincere‌ ---- n. ‌sincerity‌ ‌logical‌ (adj.) ---- n. ‌logic‌ ---- adv. ‌logically‌ ---- （反义词） ‌illogical‌ ‌‌ 4． 重点句型： 1. It was the first time that she had left China. 此句中用到了It is the first time that sb have done sth这个句型，此句型从句中必须要用完成时形式。如果前面用的是was,从句中相应要用过去完成时。 2. I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn’t know the English for. 疑问词+to do sth相当于一个从句，在句子中作主语，宾语，表语等。 3. The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought. 此句中，the first time 作连词，引导时间状语从句；主句中有两个宾语从句，分别由that和but that引导。 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、单词拼写:(每题1分，共计20分) 1．Xie Lei is studying for a business ________(资格) at a university in China and has come to our university on a year-long exchange programme. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 2．My a_________ is to set up a business in China after graduation. (根据首字母单词拼写) 3．For many beginners, the hardest part of learning Chinese is to g________ (掌握，领会) the different tones correctly. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 4．One loses by pride and g________ by modesty.(根据首字母单词拼写) 5．The experienced specialist has professional skills and__________ (洞察力). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 6．I have been out of work for several months and have to live on a tight ________(预算). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 7．Being e_____to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin. (根据首字母单词拼写) 8．M______ (激励，激发) by the Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger”, they are devoted to bettering themselves. (根据中英文提示填空) 9．The holiday lived up to all our ________.（根据句意填空） 10．I tried to c_________him after he was defeated by his opponent (对手)．(根据首字母单词拼写) 11．The maths problem is too __________ (复杂的) for me to work out. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 12．Last week we went to the __________ (演出) of a new play. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 13．Actively getting i_________ into various social activities is the best way to overcome culture shock.(卷入的) (根据中英文提示填空) 14．Those who were highest in status in high school，as well as those least liked in elementary school，are “most likely to e ________ (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior”. （根据中英文提示填空） 15．The first e______ was published in 2002. (根据首字母单词拼写) 16．There are a great many a________ waiting for the interview outside. (根据首字母单词拼写) 17．These photos ________ (勾起回忆) many stories and details that remind me of the moments they captured. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 18．Faced with various challenges, she kept a ________ (坚定的) determination and never thought of giving up. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 19．Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before ________ (离开). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 20．His decision was wholly ________ (合乎情理的). It’s not surprising for the board to accept it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 二、语法填空：（每题1分，共计18分） 21． (expose) to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22．She didn’t even say goodbye her mother.(用适当的词填空) 23．She found it hard to adapt life in a big city. (用适当的词填空) 24．Many people are familiar the concept of maths. (用适当的词填空) 25．The girls in his class are willing to participate the dancing party. (用适当的词填空) 26．If you have any different ideas, please speak now. (用适当的词填空) 27．The assistant did what he could to make Tom feel home. (用适当的词填空) 28．You can make new friends if you get involved group activities. (用适当的词填空) 29．Engaging British culture has helped Xie Lei adapt herself to her new life abroad. (用适当的词填空) 30． (strengthen) his position, he held talks with leaders of other parties. （所给词的适当形式填空） 31． (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, …(所给词的适当形式填空) 32．Luckily, with her parents (comfort) her by video phones, she became autonomous soon and eventually got her bachelor’s degree successfully. (所给词的适当形式填空) 33．I didn’t realize putting on a play (involve) so much work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 34．Though it was the first time that I (visit) the small town, I fell in love with it at first sight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 35．Yunjin’s categories include Kujin, Kuduan and Zhuanghua, of which Zhuanghua is the , featuring vivid colors and 3D effects.​ (用complex的适当形式填空) 36．He denied (say) such silly words. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37. The profit-sharing plan is designed to motivate the workers (work) hard. （所给词的适当形式填空） 38．I’m writing to apply to join it,thinking that I’m well (qualify) for the job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 三．请根据上下文填空：（每空1分，共计20分） 39．On his retirement, colleagues (presentation) him with a set of golf clubs. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40．Houses in the neighbourhood of Paris are extremely (expense). (所给词的适当形式填空) 41．Trends toward the globalization of industry have (dramatic) affected steak production in California. (所给词的适当形式填空) 42．We can use social media as a tool to shape each other’s eating (behave) within friend groups and improve public health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43．This movie is an (adapt) of a famous novel about wildlife protection. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44．There were over 500 (apply) for the job, so the competition was fierce.（用所给词的适当形式填空） 45．I believe you will have fun and benefit a lot from this activity. Looking forward to your (participate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 46．At the end of the letter you should express your expectation of (cooperate) and an early reply. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47．The business was soon (firm) established in the town. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Children who are to nature from an early age often develop a love for it, and this benefits their overall growth. (expose) (所给词的适当形式填空) 49．The lake is with trees, so its area looks beautiful. And I’d like to bring up my children in such healthy (surround). (所给词的适当形式填空) 50．Her strong to help others her to volunteer at the local shelter. (motive) (所给词的适当形式填空) 51．The stepmother attempting to murder the little boy, but there was no that she had always been cruel to him. (deny) (所给词的适当形式填空) 52．She to finish the task on time, and her strong gave her motivation. (expect) （所给词的适当形式填空） 四．根据汉语提示完成短文：（每题2分，共计12分） Dear Chris, I am sorry to hear 53 （你很难适应你的新学校）. Such problems are quite normal. Perhaps the 54 （以下建议可能会有所帮助） . First, I think you should 55 （与同学交流）as much as possible. In this way, you will get to know each other better. Second, it might be a good idea for you 56 （参加更多的活动）, knowing new friends and communicating with other students are good for developing friendly relationships. I recommend you consider asking our teachers 57 （当面对一些棘手的问题时）. I believe they can usually offer you some sensible suggestions. I sincerely hope 58 （我的建议会对你有所帮助）. If there is anything more I can do to help, please let me know. Yours, Li Hua 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一．阅读理解：（每题2.5分，共计40分） A Below is a page adapted from an English dictionary. Important words to learn: Essential     Improver Advanced pump/pʌmp/ ▶noun [C] DEVICE 1 a piece of equipment which is used to cause liquid, air or gas to move from one place to another: a water/ bicycle/ fuel pump ◯ a UK petrol/US gas pump SHOE 2 [USUALLY PLURAL] US（UK court shoe）a type of plain shoe with a raised HEEL and no way of fastening it to the foot which is worn by women 3 [USUALLY PLURAL] a type of flat shoe, like a BALLET dancer’s shoe, which is worn by women 4 [U-SUALLY PLURAL]UK a flat shoe made of heavy cloth, which is worn by children for doing sports ▶verb LIQUID/GAS 1 [USUALLY+ADV/PREP] to force liquid or gas to move somewhere: Our latest machine can pump a hundred gallons a minute. ◯ The new wine is pumped into storage tanks. ◯ The heart pumps blood through the arteries/ round the body. INFORMATION 2 [T] INFORMAL to keep asking someone for information, especially in a way that is not direct: She was pumping me for details of the new project.▶idioms pump sb’s hand to SHAKE someone’s hand (=hold their hand and move it up and down, especially in order to greet them) ·pump iron INFORMAL to lift heavy weights for exercise: These days both men and women pump iron for fitness. ▶phrasal verbs pump sth. into sth. to spend a lot of money trying to make something operate successfully: They had been pumping money into the business for some years without seeing any results. pump sth. out[M] REMOVE 1 to remove water or other liquid from something using a pump: We took turns pumping out the boat. PRODUCE 2 INFORMAL DISAPPROVING to produce words or loud music in a way that is repeated, forceful and continuous: The government keeps pumping out the same old propaganda. ○ The car radio was pumping out music with a heavy beat.pump out sth. If someone’s stomach is pumped out, a poisonous substance is removed from it by being sucked through a tube: She had to go to hospital to have her stomach pumped out. pump sb. up [M] INFORMAL to make someone feel more confident or excited: He was offering them advice and trying to pump them up. ◯ [R] The players were pumping themselves up by singing the national anthem before the game. pump sth. up [M]1 to fill something with air using a pump: Have you pumped up the balloons yet? ◯I must pump the tyres up on my bike. 2 INFORMAL to increase something by a large amount: The US was able to pump up exports. ◯ Let’s pump up the volume a bit!pump-action/'pʌmpækʃən/, adjective [BEFORE NOUN]describes a device which operates by forcing something, especially air, in or out of a closed space or container: a pump-action shotgun ◯ a pump-action toilet ˈpump ˌpriming noun [U]SPECIALIZED the activity of helping a business, programme, economy, etc. to develop by giving it money: The government is awarding small, pump-priming grants to single mothers who are starting their own businesses. pun /pʌn/ ▶noun [C]a humorous use of a word or phrase which has several meanings or which sounds like another word: She made a couple of dreadful puns. ◯ This is a well-known joke based on a pun: “What’s black and white and red（=read）all over?” “A newspaper.” ▶verb [1] (-nn-) to make a pun punch/pʌntʃ/ ▶noun HIT 1 [C] a forceful hit with a FIST（=closed hand）: She gave him a punch UK on/US in the nose. EFFECT 2 [U] the power to be interesting and have a strong effect on people: I felt the performance/speech/ presentation lacked punch. DRINK 3 [C or U] a cold or hot drink made by mixing fruit juices, pieces of fruit and often wine or other alcoholic drinks TOOL. 4 [C] a piece of equipment which cuts holes in a material by pushing a piece of metal through it: a ticket punch ○ Have you seen the hole punch anywhere? ▶verb [T] HIT 1 to hit someone or something with your FIST（= closed hand）: He punched him in the stomach. 2 MAINLY US to hit with your fingers the buttons on a telephone or the keys on a keyboard. USE TOOL. 3 to make a hole in something with a special piece of equipment: I was just punching holes in some sheets of paper. ○ This belt’s too big—I’ll have to punch an extra hole in it. ▶idioms punch sb’s lights out INFORMAL to hit someone repeatedly very hard ·punch the clock US to put a card into a special machine to record the times you arrive at and leave work: After 17 years of punching the clock, he just disappeared one morning and was never heard from again. 1．What does the word “pump” mean in “He ran in every five minutes to pump me about the case”? A．Talk with. B．Ask for information. C．Listen to. D．Provide with evidence. 2．When Sally says “The TV program kept pumping out commercials”, she may be ________. A．excited B．interested C．annoyed D．worried 3．What will the government most probably provide if it is engaged in a pump-priming program? A．Sums of money. B．Raw materials. C．Human resources. D．Media support. 4．When Sylvia says “His speech was OK but it had no real punch”, she thinks it was not ________. A．fluent and impressive B．logical and moving C．informative and significant D．interesting and powerful B “What is your name?” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time. But for me, it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland. The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English. For native speakers of English, some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce. My given name Qiuyu (秋雨), for instance, happened to be a great challenge for many of them. Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did. Once in a lecture, the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter. I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me. After all, I did care about how others would think of me. I realized that if I didn’t stop, the entire lecture would be ruined. “It’s okay, professor,” I shrugged (耸肩). The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter. I forced a smile, unsure how to respond further. After that incident, I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher.” Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded approvingly. This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain. However, I soon found that by doing so, I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity. In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. At first, I hesitated because of the previous awkward moments. But then I decided to take the opportunity. “In Chinese, ‘Qiu’ means ‘autumn’ and ‘Yu’ means ‘rain.’ In my culture, the autumn rain nourishes the earth and brings people harvest.” The professor nodded and to my surprise, many classmates began to mimic the sound and the rhythm of my name. Their interest and effort made me feel proud of our culture. I came to know that my name is not only a symbol, but also a doorway to Chinese culture. Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. “What a poetic name you’ve got!” one girl said. “Could you teach us to say it correctly?” another classmate asked. “Maybe you could share more about Chinese culture with us sometime.” This time, I didn’t shrug. I talked with them with extreme patience and warmth. Their curiosity and laughter made me realize that sharing our cultural identity is meaningful. From then on, I began to see my name as a bridge to connect different worlds. 5．Why was the author’s name a challenge for native English speakers? A．Because it was too long to remember. B．Because its pronunciation was unfamiliar to them. C．Because they were not interested in foreign names. D．Because the author refused to explain it to them. 6．What did the author do after the awkward incident in the lecture? A．He decided to change his name to an English one. B．He continued to correct people’s pronunciation patiently. C．He avoided explaining the pronunciation of his name anymore. D．He asked the professor to help him introduce his name. 7．The word “nourishes” in Paragraph 6 most probably means ________. A．destroys B．feeds and helps grow C．washes away D．cools down 8．What was the change in the classmates’ attitude after the author explained the meaning of his name? A．They became more curious and respectful. B．They thought it was too poetic to be true. C．They felt sorry for their previous impatience. D．They lost interest in Chinese culture. C When I turned 64, I signed up for a one-month German immersion (沉浸) program in Berlin. On my first morning, the head teacher told us firmly: “Anyone who speaks a single word of your mother tongue will be charged a 3-euro fine.” At that moment, I doubted whether I had made a wise decision. I fell in love with German when I was a teenager, but university courses bored me. Later, my grandchildren went to a bilingual German school, and my interest woke up again. Still, housework and work kept me too busy to study on my own. Last year, an elderly neighbour who spoke fluent German told me about his trips around Germany. I felt so jealous. The very next day, I resolved to realize my dream. Even in my sixties, I loved taking on new challenges. One month later, I flew to Berlin to study German for 30 days, where we were immersed in Germany eight hours a day. My classmates came from all over the globe: a Korean woman hoped to master German to appreciate European art; an Indian graduate wanted to find a job in Germany; many, like me, sought a personal challenge. The first week was extremely tough. My brain hurt from non-stop language input. I routinely embarrassed myself. With only a limited German vocabulary, I couldn’t tell any of my usual stories and jokes. After much practice, I finally developed an amusing story to tell to whomever I sat with. Yes, the same story every day. At least I was never fined three euros! At school one day, I met a British woman I had chatted with in English at a café the previous day. I walked straight past her without a greeting — paying a thousand euros as punishment would do! Little by little, the immersive environment worked wonders. As soon as I stepped into the teaching building, my brain shifted to thinking in German. During the whole month, I made significant progress. On the final day, I even delivered a speech completely in German. Attending the program inspired me to continue my German learning. And I’ve booked the courses for another session this spring. I can’t wait to get there and embarrass myself again! Age will never stop me from trying new things! 9．Why did the author doubt her decision on the first day of the program? A．The lessons were boring. B．The regulations were too strict. C．The schedule was overloaded. D．The cost was very high. 10．What pushed the author to learn German in Berlin? A．Her grandchildren’s German classes. B．Her urge to be equally fluent in German like a neighbour. C．Her being attached to German. D．Her regained interest in German. 11．Which of the following can be used to describe the author? A．Cautious and curious. B．Self-disciplined and caring. C．Determined and challenge-seeking. D．Light-hearted and approachable. 12．What message does the text mainly want to show? A．Interest-motivated efforts will harvest well. B．Patience is the best policy. C．Rules are meant to be broken. D．Age won’t be the barrier to learning. D School is still out for the summer, but at Eastern Senior High School in Washington, D．C．, students are hard at work outdoors. In a garden filled with flowers, vegetables and herbs, nearly a dozen teenagers are harvesting (收获) vegetables for the weekend’s farmers market. Anita is going into her junior year at Eastern, and has been working in this garden for three years now. In summer, Anita works from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m., Tuesday to Saturday and gets paid by City Blossoms. It is a nonprofit group, which builds community gardens for city schools. She believes that gardening has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating a wider variety of vegetables regularly. She brought these healthy habits home, and her improved diet even inspired her family to buy more fruits and vegetables. Anita’s experience is a good example of the broader impact that City Blossoms aims to create. City Blossoms is one of many groups across the country that team up with local communities to establish school gardens. It cooperates with schools to build garden classrooms. Besides, it offers training to teachers to attract students’ attention and improve their grades. These gardens effectively function as open-air classrooms. For example, they can be used for math lessons, like calculating the area of a plant bed or learning the science of how plants grow. For the students, the experience has totally changed their views on where food comes from, and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12-15% rise in the number of students passing standardized tests (标准化考试) and 94% of teachers reported seeing increased engagement from their students, according to an independent evaluation conducted by PEER Associates. 13．What does Anita think of the summer outdoor activity? A．It brings her whole family closer. B．It helps her perform better at school. C．It is a nice way to earn pocket money. D．It contributes to her healthy eating habit. 14．What is the main original purpose of building school gardens? A．To increase students’ test scores. B．To provide a creative way of learning. C．To make students fall in love with planting. D．To help teachers improve professional skills. 15．What aspect of City Blossoms is discussed in the last paragraph? A．Its daily operations. B．Its practical effects. C．Its applications. D．Its expectations. 16．What can be the most suitable title for the text? A．City Blossoms: More Than a Garden B．Healthy Eating: Changing Family Habits C．Gardening: A Summer Part-time Job for Students D．Outdoor Classrooms: More Than Planting Lessons 二．语法填空：（每题1.5分，共计15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For Latvian poet Ieva Lapina, ancient Chinese poetry is more than art — it is a bridge connecting two distant cultures through 17 (share) emotions and timeless beauty. Her book, River Snow: Anthology of Ancient Chinese Lyrics, 18 (publish) in 2024 and quickly secured several major honors. It features works by literary giants including Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, Li Bai, and Xin Qiji, spanning from the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 — 420) 19 the Song Dynasty (960-1279). “Translating from ancient Chinese into modern Latvian was a great challenge, because Latvian literature is 20 (relative) young, while Chinese poetry has millennia of development, with rich forms and many 21 (remark) poets,” Lapina says. To connect two distant cultures, she carefully reproduces the imagery and rhythm of the 22 (original) while blending them with the musicality of Latvian verse, creating a poetic dialogue that bridges cultures. She even adds annotations (注释) 23 (explain) historical events and poet biographies. For Lapina, translation is not merely about words but about transmitting meaning and emotion across languages. In this endeavor, she strives to convey the essence of the original text, whether it is a poem 24 a scholar’s reflections. Thus, when the translation reaches the reader, it takes on a new life, 25 (present) China as filtered through her interpretive lens. Lapina hopes her work will deepen the local understanding of Chinese literature, just as she said — Poetry is like a snowflake that crosses mountains and rivers and falls into 26 heart of a distant land. 三、书面表达：（共25分） 假定你是李华，请围绕课堂学习、师生关系、校园活动三个要点，写一篇100词左右的英语短文。 内容要点  ： 1. 课堂学习：专心听讲、认真记笔记、按时完成作业、积极参与讨论。   2. 师生关系：尊重老师、主动请教、老师鼓励我们进步。   3. 校园活动：参加志愿者活动、团队合作、庆祝成就。 词汇要求   从下列词汇中至少选用6个，可灵活变形：   attentive, take notes, assignment, participate in, respect, consult, encourage, volunteer, team work, celebrate, make progress, live up to __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 教材考点概览 1． 重点单词： recall vt.& vi. 记起，回想起 qualify vt.& vi. （使）具备资格，（使）合格 ambitious adj. 有野心的，有雄心的 comfort n.&vt. 安慰，令人感到安慰的人或事物，舒服，安逸│安慰，抚慰 presentation n. 报告，陈述，出示，拿出 involve vi. 包含，需要，涉及，影响，（使）参加 motivate  vt. 成为……的动机，激发，激励 reasonable adj. 有道理的，合情理的 expectation n. 期望，预期，期待 applicant n. 申请人 firm n. & adj. 公司，商行，事务所│结实的，牢固的，坚定的 expose vt. 使接触，使体验，显露，使暴露于（险境） behave vi. & vt. 表现│表现得体，有礼貌 surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 mature adj. 成熟的 strengthen vi.&vt. 加强，增强，巩固 optimistic adj. 乐观的 gain v.&n. 获得，赢得，取得，增加│好处，增加 cooperate vi. 合作，协作，配合 2． 重点短语： participate in参加，参与 speak up大声地说，明确表态 feel at home舒服自在，不拘束 engage in（使）从事，参与； get involved in参与，卷入，与……有关联 culture shock文化冲击 comfort zone舒适区，舒适范围 cost an arm and a leg（使）花一大笔钱 side with支持，站在……的一边 as far as I know据我所知 as far as I am concerned就我而言，依我看来 in summary总的来说，总之 generally speaking-一般来说 3． 派生词： ‌complex‌: adj. ---- n. ‌complexity‌（复杂性）； ‌qualify‌: v.----adj. ‌qualified‌（有资格的）----n. ‌qualification‌（资格） ‌ambition‌: n. ----adj. ‌ambitious‌----adv. ‌ambitiously‌ ‌adaptation‌: n. ---- v. ‌adapt‌----adj. ‌adaptive‌ / ‌adaptable‌ ‌comfort‌: n&v. ---- adj. ‌comfortable‌；----反义 adj. ‌uncomfortable‌----adv. ‌comfortably‌ ‌participate‌: v. ----n. ‌participation‌----n. ‌participant‌ ‌present‌: adj.---- n. ‌presence‌（存在）；v.（呈现）---- n. ‌presentation‌（展示） ‌engage‌: v. ----adj. ‌engaged‌（忙碌的/订婚的）/ ‌engaging‌（迷人的）----n. ‌engagement‌ ‌involve‌: v. ----adj. ‌involved‌（涉及的）----n. ‌involvement‌ ‌edition‌: n. ----v. ‌edit‌----n. ‌editor‌ overwhelming (adj.)----v.‌overwhelm‌----adj.‌overwhelmed‌(修饰人)； homesickness (n.)----adj.‌homesick‌； motivate (v.)----adj.‌motivated‌----n.‌motivation‌； advisor (n.)=‌adviser‌----n.‌advice‌----v.‌advise‌； reasonable (adj.)----adv.‌reasonably‌----v./n.‌reason‌； expectation (n.)----v.‌expect‌----adj.‌expectant‌(修饰人)/unexpected； applicant (n.)----v.‌apply‌----n.‌application‌; expose (v.)----n.‌exposure‌; departure (n.)----v.‌depart‌ dramatic (adj.)----adv.‌dramatically‌； expense (n.)----adj.‌expensive‌; behave (v.)----n.‌behavior‌=‌behaviour‌‌‌ ‌surrounding‌ (adj.) ---- n. ‌surroundings‌ ---- v. ‌surround‌ ‌depress‌ (v.) ---- n. ‌depression‌ ---- adj. ‌depressed‌ （修饰人） ---- adj. ‌depressing‌ （修饰物）； ‌strengthen‌ (v.) ---- n. ‌strength‌ ---- adj. ‌strong‌ ‌optimistic‌‌ -----（反义词） ‌pessimistic‌ ‌competent‌ (adj.) ---- n. ‌competence‌ （或 competency） ‌cooperate‌ (v.) ---- n. ‌cooperation‌ ---- adj. ‌cooperative‌ ‌sincerely‌ (adv.) ---- adj. ‌sincere‌ ---- n. ‌sincerity‌ ‌logical‌ (adj.) ---- n. ‌logic‌ ---- adv. ‌logically‌ ---- （反义词） ‌illogical‌ ‌‌ 4． 重点句型： 1. It was the first time that she had left China. 此句中用到了It is the first time that sb have done sth这个句型，此句型从句中必须要用完成时形式。如果前面用的是was,从句中相应要用过去完成时。 2. I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn’t know the English for. 疑问词+to do sth相当于一个从句，在句子中作主语，宾语，表语等。 3. The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought. 此句中，the first time 作连词，引导时间状语从句；主句中有两个宾语从句，分别由that和but that引导。 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、单词拼写:(每题1分，共计20分) 1．Xie Lei is studying for a business ________(资格) at a university in China and has come to our university on a year-long exchange programme. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】qualification 【详解】考查名词。句意：谢磊正在中国的一所大学攻读商业资格证书，他来我校参加为期一年的交流项目。空格前有a，空格处用可数名词的单数形式，“资格”是qualification，故填qualification。 2．My a_________ is to set up a business in China after graduation. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】ambition/mbition 【详解】考查名词。句意：我的志向是毕业后在中国创业。根据句意和首字母，设空处应填名词ambition，意为“追求的目标，抱负；雄心，志向”，在句中作主语，谓语动词is为单数，故主语用单数形式的名词。故填ambition。 3．For many beginners, the hardest part of learning Chinese is to g________ (掌握，领会) the different tones correctly. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】grasp/rasp 【详解】考查动词。句意：对许多初学者来说，学习中文最难的部分是正确掌握不同的声调。“掌握，领会”使用动词grasp，不定式符号to后接动词原形形式。故填grasp。 4．One loses by pride and g________ by modesty.(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】gains/ains 【详解】考查动词。句意：一个人因骄傲而失去，因谦虚而获得。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词gain，结合上文One loses可知为一般现在时，谓语用三单形式。故填gains。 5．The experienced specialist has professional skills and__________ (洞察力). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】insight 【详解】考查名词。句意：经验丰富的专家具有专业技能和洞察力。结合句意和提示词可知，insight“洞察力”,抽象概念，不可数。故填insight。 6．I have been out of work for several months and have to live on a tight ________(预算). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】budget 【详解】考查名词。句意：我已经失业几个月了，不得不靠紧张的预算生活。根据前文a tight可知，所填单词为名词单数形式，再由汉语提示可知，应填budget。故填budget。 7．Being e_____to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】exposed 【详解】考查动词。句意：暴露于阳光下太久会伤害人的皮肤。根据句意和所给首字母，应是动词expose；此处是短语be exposed to“暴露于”，expose用过去分词形式。填exposed。 8．M______ (激励，激发) by the Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger”, they are devoted to bettering themselves. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】Motivated/otivated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在奥林匹克口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下，他们致力于提高自己。空处为非谓语动词短语作状语，由空后的by可知应填过去分词形式，与主语they构成被动关系，根据汉语提示及句意，故填Motivated。 9．The holiday lived up to all our ________.（根据句意填空） 【答案】expectations 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个假期没有辜负我们的期望。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词expectation，表示“期望”时，是可数名词，由空前our可知，应用名词复数形式。故填expectations。 10．I tried to c_________him after he was defeated by his opponent (对手)．(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】comfort/omfort 【详解】考查动词。句意：他被对手打败后，我试图安慰他。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词comfort，意为“安慰”，后接宾语him；此处考查动词短语try to do，to后接动词原形，构成动词不定式，作try的宾语。故填comfort。 11．The maths problem is too __________ (复杂的) for me to work out. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】complex 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这道数学题太复杂，我做不出来。表示“复杂的”可用形容词complex。故填complex。 12．Last week we went to the __________ (演出) of a new play. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】presentation 【详解】考查名词。句意：上星期我们去看了一部新剧的演出。此处是指新剧的演出、上映应用名词presentation。故填presentation。 13．Actively getting i_________ into various social activities is the best way to overcome culture shock.(卷入的) (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】involved 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：积极参与各种社会活动是克服文化冲突的最好方法。根据所给出的首字母提示和中文提示“卷入的”，并结合短语语境“getting i _________  into”可知，应是形容词involved，“get involved into sth”，固定短语，意为“参与到……”，其中“get”为系动词，“involved”为形容词作表语。故填involved。 14．Those who were highest in status in high school，as well as those least liked in elementary school，are “most likely to e ________ (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior”. （根据中英文提示填空） 【答案】engage 【详解】考查动词。句意：那些在高中时地位最高的人，以及那些在小学时最不受欢迎的人，是“最有可能从事危险和冒险的行为的”。短语be likely to do…“可能做……”，不定式后应是动词原形；根据句意和所给中英文提示，应是动词engage。故填engage。 15．The first e______ was published in 2002. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】edition/dition 【详解】考查名词。句意：第一版本在2002年发行。根据首字母提示并结合句意，空格处填名词edition，表示“版本”，在句中作主语。空格后谓语动词was published是单数，主语也要用单数形式，即edition。故填edition。 16．There are a great many a________ waiting for the interview outside. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】applicants/pplicants 【详解】考查可数名词复数。句意：外面有很多应聘者在等着面试。根据“a great many”可知，空处应为可数名词复数，作主语；根据首字母提示，applicant名词，表示“申请人”，符合句意。故填applicants。 17．These photos ________ (勾起回忆) many stories and details that remind me of the moments they captured. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】recall 【详解】考查动词。句意：这些照片勾起了许多故事和细节的回忆，让我想起了它们捕捉到的瞬间。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填动词recall“使想起，勾起回忆”，在句中作谓语动词。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为photos，谓语用原形。故填recall。 18．Faced with various challenges, she kept a ________ (坚定的) determination and never thought of giving up. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】firm 【详解】考查形容词。句意：面对各种挑战，她保持着坚定的决心，从未想过放弃。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“坚定的”应用形容词firm，在句中作定语修饰名词 determination，符合语境。故填firm。 19．Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before ________ (离开). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】departure 【详解】考查名词。句意：航班应在起飞前48小时确认。空处需用名词作介词before的宾语，根据汉语提示可知，departure意为“离开”，不可数名词，符合题意。故填departure。 20．His decision was wholly ________ (合乎情理的). It’s not surprising for the board to accept it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】reasonable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的决定完全合乎情理。董事会接受它并不令人惊讶。根据汉语提示“合乎情理的”可知，用形容词reasonable，作表语。故填reasonable。 二、语法填空：（每题1分，共计18分） 21． (expose) to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Exposure 【详解】考查名词。句意：接触另一种文化及其人民可以让交换生对世界有深刻的了解。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作主语；所给词expose（使...暴露于，使...接触到）为动词，其名词形式exposure符合题意，位于句首首字母应大写。故填Exposure。 22．She didn’t even say goodbye her mother.(用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：她甚至没有和母亲告别。 say goodbye to 为固定搭配，意为“告别”。故填to。 23．She found it hard to adapt life in a big city. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她发现很难适应大城市的生活。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语adapt to，意为“适应”。故填to。 24．Many people are familiar the concept of maths. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：许多人熟悉数学的概念。be familiar with sth.为固定搭配，意为“熟悉某物”。故填with。 25．The girls in his class are willing to participate the dancing party. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：他班的女生都愿意参加舞会。participate in为固定短语，意为“参加”。故填in。 26．If you have any different ideas, please speak now. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】up 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：如果你有什么不同的想法，请现在就大声说出来。speak up为固定搭配，意为“大声说出来”符合句意。故填up。 27．The assistant did what he could to make Tom feel home. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】at 【详解】考查介词。句意：助理尽其所能使汤姆感到舒服自在。feel at home为固定搭配，意为“舒服自在”。故填at。 28．You can make new friends if you get involved group activities. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：如果你参加集体活动，你可以结交新朋友。get involved in为固定短语，意为“参加”。故填in。 29．Engaging British culture has helped Xie Lei adapt herself to her new life abroad. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：接触英国文化帮助谢蕾适应了国外的新生活。根据句意可知，空处是固定短语engage in，意为“参与；从事”。故填in。 30． (strengthen) his position, he held talks with leaders of other parties. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】To strengthen 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了巩固自己的地位，他与其他党派的领导人举行了会谈。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填To strengthen。 31． (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, …(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Recalling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：埃德蒙森回忆起在上海观看中国戏曲版的莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》，以及几年前在斯特拉特福见到前来表演《牡丹亭》选段的中国演员时说……。句子已有谓语动词said，且逗号前无其它连词，因此动词recall应用非谓语动词形式，因其与逻辑主语Edmondson之间为主动关系，即埃德蒙森主动发出“回忆”的动作，所以应用recall的现在分词形式作状语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Recalling。 32．Luckily, with her parents (comfort) her by video phones, she became autonomous soon and eventually got her bachelor’s degree successfully. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】comforting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，在父母通过可视电话安慰她后，她很快就变得自主起来，最终成功获得了学士学位。空处为非谓语动词，comfort与逻辑主语her parents之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式comforting，构成with的复合结构，作状语。故填comforting。 33．I didn’t realize putting on a play (involve) so much work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】involved 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我之前没有意识到排演一部戏剧需要这么多的工作。realize后为宾语从句，本空为从句谓语，根据didn’t realize可知，主句时态为一般过去时，宾语从句的动作与主句动作同时发生，宾语从句时态为一般过去时，谓语用involve“需要，牵涉，包含”的过去式。故填involved。 34．Though it was the first time that I (visit) the small town, I fell in love with it at first sight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had visited 【详解】考查时态。句意：尽管我是初次到访这个小镇，却已一见倾心。主句谓语部分fell in love with使用一般过去时，空处visit这个动作发生于fell in love with之前，表示过去的过去，应使用过去完成时。故填had visited。 35．Yunjin’s categories include Kujin, Kuduan and Zhuanghua, of which Zhuanghua is the , featuring vivid colors and 3D effects.​ (用complex的适当形式填空) 【答案】most complex 【详解】考查形容词。句意：云锦的种类包括库锦、库缎和妆花，其中妆花工艺最为复杂，以色彩鲜活、富有立体感而著称。此处应用形容词作表语，由the和句意可知，此处表示“最复杂的”，应用最高级，故填most complex。 36．He denied (say) such silly words. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】saying 【详解】考查动名词。句意：他否认说过这样愚蠢的话。deny doing sth.是固定短语，意为“否认做过某事”，因此空格处用动名词saying作宾语。故填saying。 37. The profit-sharing plan is designed to motivate the workers (work) hard. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to work 【详解】考查不定式。句意：利润分享计划旨在激励工人努力工作。结合句意可知，此处涉及固定短语motivate sb. to do sth.“激励某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。故填to work。 【点睛】 38．I’m writing to apply to join it,thinking that I’m well (qualify) for the job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】qualified 【详解】考查形容词。句意：考虑到我有资格胜任这份工作，我写信申请加入。根据空格前的 I’m well可知空格处是表语，要用形容词。故填qualified。 三．请根据上下文填空：（每空1分，共计20分） 39．On his retirement, colleagues (presentation) him with a set of golf clubs. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】presented 【详解】考查动词。句意：在他退休时，同事们送给他一套高尔夫球杆。此处需填动词作谓语，presentation其动词形式为present，表“把……交给”，present sb. with sth.意为“送给某人某物”。根据时间状语On his retirement可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填presented。 40．Houses in the neighbourhood of Paris are extremely (expense). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】expensive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：巴黎附近的房子极其昂贵。空处作表语，需用形容词expensive。故填expensive。 41．Trends toward the globalization of industry have (dramatic) affected steak production in California. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dramatically 【详解】考查副词。句意：工业全球化的趋势显著地影响了加州的牛排生产。根据句意及空后动词affected可知，空处作状语，修饰动词affected，应用所给提示词的副词形式dramatically“显著地”。故填dramatically。 42．We can use social media as a tool to shape each other’s eating (behave) within friend groups and improve public health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】behaviour/behavior 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们可以将社交媒体作为一种工具，在朋友圈内塑造彼此的饮食行为，并改善公共健康。eating是动名词作定语，后面需要接名词。behave的名词有两种形式behaviour和behavior“行为”，在此作不可数名词。故填behaviour/behavior。 43．This movie is an (adapt) of a famous novel about wildlife protection. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】adaptation 【详解】考查名词。句意：这部电影是一部关于野生动物保护的著名小说的改编作品。空处作表语，且位于不定冠词an后，用名词形式adaptation“改编版，改编本”。故填adaptation。 44．There were over 500 (apply) for the job, so the competition was fierce.（用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】applicants 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这份工作有超过500名申请者，所以竞争很激烈。本空作主语，用apply的名词形式applicant“申请者”，over 500后需接可数名词复数，故填applicants。 45．I believe you will have fun and benefit a lot from this activity. Looking forward to your (participate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】participation 【详解】考查名词。句意：我相信你会从这次活动中得到很多乐趣和收获。期待您的参与。your后跟名词，此处表示“期待您的参与”，空格处意为“参与”，名词是participation，是不可数名词，故填participation。 46．At the end of the letter you should express your expectation of (cooperate) and an early reply. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】cooperation 【详解】考查名词。句意：在信的结尾，你应该表达对合作的期待以及希望早日收到回复。设空处前有介词 of，介词后需接名词作宾语，cooperate 的名词形式是 cooperation，且 cooperation 为不可数名词，符合句意。故填 cooperation。 47．The business was soon (firm) established in the town. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】firmly 【详解】考查副词。句意：生意很快就在城里站稳了脚跟。根据句意，提示词在句中修饰谓语动词was established，应用副词firmly，作状语，意为“牢固地，稳稳地”。故填firmly。 48. Children who are to nature from an early age often develop a love for it, and this benefits their overall growth. (expose) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 exposed exposure 【详解】考查词性转换。句意：从小接触大自然的孩子往往会对大自然产生热爱，而这种接触有利于他们的全面成长。expose与主语who指代的先行词Children之间为被动关系，所以，此处用过去分词exposed构成被动结构，be exposed to，意为“接触……”符合句意，所以第一空填exposed；第二空位于指示代词this之后，需用名词作主语，expose的名词形式为exposure，意为“接触、暴露”，符合语境，所以第二空填exposure。故填①exposed②exposure。 49．The lake is with trees, so its area looks beautiful. And I’d like to bring up my children in such healthy (surround). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 surrounded surrounding surroundings 【详解】考查动词、形容词和名词。句意：这个湖四周环绕着树木，因此其周边区域看起来十分美丽。而且我希望能让我的孩子在这样的健康环境中成长。第一空作谓语，表示“围绕”用动词surround，与主语构成被动关系，结合is可知为一般现在时的被动语态；第二空修饰名词area用形容词surrounding，作定语；第三空作宾语，surrounding作名词使用，常用名词复数形式surroundings。故填①surrounded；②surrounding；③surroundings。 50．Her strong to help others her to volunteer at the local shelter. (motive) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 motivation motivated 【详解】考查名词，动词和时态。句意：她帮助他人的强烈动机促使她去当地收容所做志愿者。第一个空，根据空前Her strong可知，空处需用名词作主语，motive的名词为motivation，表示“动机”，由句意可知，此处特指她帮助他人的强烈动机，名词应用单数形式；第二个空，根据空后her to volunteer可知，可知使用固定短语motivate sb. to do sth.，意为“促使某人做某事”，由语境可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，需用动词motivate“促使”的过去式motivated作谓语。故填①motivation；②motivated。 51．The stepmother attempting to murder the little boy, but there was no that she had always been cruel to him. (deny) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 denied denying 【详解】考查时态和动名词。句意：继母否认试图谋杀小男孩，但不可否认的是，她一直对他很残忍。第一空用动词作谓语，由后面的was可知，时态是一般过去时，第一空用过去式denied；there is no denying that...是固定句型，意为“不可否认的是……”，因此第二空是denying。故填denied；denying。 52．She to finish the task on time, and her strong gave her motivation. (expect) （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】 expected expectation 【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：她期望按时完成任务，强烈的期望给了她动力。空1为谓语动词，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，应用expected，意为“期望”；空2为主语，应用名词expectation，前面有her修饰用单数，意为“期望”。故填expected；expectation。 四．根据汉语提示完成短文：（每题2分，共计12分） Dear Chris, I am sorry to hear 53 （你很难适应你的新学校）. Such problems are quite normal. Perhaps the 54 （以下建议可能会有所帮助） . First, I think you should 55 （与同学交流）as much as possible. In this way, you will get to know each other better. Second, it might be a good idea for you 56 （参加更多的活动）, knowing new friends and communicating with other students are good for developing friendly relationships. I recommend you consider asking our teachers 57 （当面对一些棘手的问题时）. I believe they can usually offer you some sensible suggestions. I sincerely hope 58 （我的建议会对你有所帮助）. If there is anything more I can do to help, please let me know. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】53．that you are having trouble fitting in at your new school 54．following suggestions may be helpful 55．communicate with your classmates 56．to take part in more activities 57．when faced with some tough problems 58．my advice will be of some help to you 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。书信中主要涉及了作者对于来信的人的一些适应新学校的建议。 53．考查动词短语，时态和宾语从句。“难适应”可表示为“have trouble fitting in”；且此处表示“正在的含义”，故用现在进行时；动词hear之后是宾语从句，连接词不做成分，只起到连接的作用，需用that，从句主语是you，be动词用are，故填that you are having trouble fitting in at your new school。 54．考查非谓语动词，名词，情态动词和形容词。句子可以使用主系表结构，“以下的”可表示为“following”；“建议”可以表示为“suggestion”即the following suggestions作主语；“可能”可表示为“may”，后接动词原形；“有帮助的”可表示为“be helpful”。故填following suggestions may be helpful。 55．考查动词短语和名词。“与……交流”可以表示为“communicate with”；宾语“你的同学”可表示为“your classmates”。should之后应该加上动词原形，故填communicate with your classmates。 56．考查不定式，动词短语和名词。“参加”可表示为“take part in”；“更多的”可表示为“more”；宾语“活动”可表示为“activities”。且此句子中的it作为形式主语，真正的主语应该用不定式，故填to take part in more activities。 57．考查状语从句，动词短语，形容词和名词。“面对”可表示为“be faced with”；“棘手的”可表示为“tough”；宾语“问题”可表示为“problems”。且此处是when引导的状语从句，当主从句的主语一致，且从句主语有be动词，可以省略从句主语和be动词，故填when faced with some tough problems。 58．考查名词和时态。“我的建议”可以表示为“my advice”；“对某人有所帮助”可表示为“be of some help to sb”，宾语是you，且此处表示将来的动作，用一般将来时，hope之后是宾语从句，且此处省略了引导词that，故填my advice will be of some help to you。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一．阅读理解：（每题2.5分，共计40分） A Below is a page adapted from an English dictionary. Important words to learn: Essential     Improver Advanced pump/pʌmp/ ▶noun [C] DEVICE 1 a piece of equipment which is used to cause liquid, air or gas to move from one place to another: a water/ bicycle/ fuel pump ◯ a UK petrol/US gas pump SHOE 2 [USUALLY PLURAL] US（UK court shoe）a type of plain shoe with a raised HEEL and no way of fastening it to the foot which is worn by women 3 [USUALLY PLURAL] a type of flat shoe, like a BALLET dancer’s shoe, which is worn by women 4 [U-SUALLY PLURAL]UK a flat shoe made of heavy cloth, which is worn by children for doing sports ▶verb LIQUID/GAS 1 [USUALLY+ADV/PREP] to force liquid or gas to move somewhere: Our latest machine can pump a hundred gallons a minute. ◯ The new wine is pumped into storage tanks. ◯ The heart pumps blood through the arteries/ round the body. INFORMATION 2 [T] INFORMAL to keep asking someone for information, especially in a way that is not direct: She was pumping me for details of the new project.▶idioms pump sb’s hand to SHAKE someone’s hand (=hold their hand and move it up and down, especially in order to greet them) ·pump iron INFORMAL to lift heavy weights for exercise: These days both men and women pump iron for fitness. ▶phrasal verbs pump sth. into sth. to spend a lot of money trying to make something operate successfully: They had been pumping money into the business for some years without seeing any results. pump sth. out[M] REMOVE 1 to remove water or other liquid from something using a pump: We took turns pumping out the boat. PRODUCE 2 INFORMAL DISAPPROVING to produce words or loud music in a way that is repeated, forceful and continuous: The government keeps pumping out the same old propaganda. ○ The car radio was pumping out music with a heavy beat.pump out sth. If someone’s stomach is pumped out, a poisonous substance is removed from it by being sucked through a tube: She had to go to hospital to have her stomach pumped out. pump sb. up [M] INFORMAL to make someone feel more confident or excited: He was offering them advice and trying to pump them up. ◯ [R] The players were pumping themselves up by singing the national anthem before the game. pump sth. up [M]1 to fill something with air using a pump: Have you pumped up the balloons yet? ◯I must pump the tyres up on my bike. 2 INFORMAL to increase something by a large amount: The US was able to pump up exports. ◯ Let’s pump up the volume a bit!pump-action/'pʌmpækʃən/, adjective [BEFORE NOUN]describes a device which operates by forcing something, especially air, in or out of a closed space or container: a pump-action shotgun ◯ a pump-action toilet ˈpump ˌpriming noun [U]SPECIALIZED the activity of helping a business, programme, economy, etc. to develop by giving it money: The government is awarding small, pump-priming grants to single mothers who are starting their own businesses. pun /pʌn/ ▶noun [C]a humorous use of a word or phrase which has several meanings or which sounds like another word: She made a couple of dreadful puns. ◯ This is a well-known joke based on a pun: “What’s black and white and red（=read）all over?” “A newspaper.” ▶verb [1] (-nn-) to make a pun punch/pʌntʃ/ ▶noun HIT 1 [C] a forceful hit with a FIST（=closed hand）: She gave him a punch UK on/US in the nose. EFFECT 2 [U] the power to be interesting and have a strong effect on people: I felt the performance/speech/ presentation lacked punch. DRINK 3 [C or U] a cold or hot drink made by mixing fruit juices, pieces of fruit and often wine or other alcoholic drinks TOOL. 4 [C] a piece of equipment which cuts holes in a material by pushing a piece of metal through it: a ticket punch ○ Have you seen the hole punch anywhere? ▶verb [T] HIT 1 to hit someone or something with your FIST（= closed hand）: He punched him in the stomach. 2 MAINLY US to hit with your fingers the buttons on a telephone or the keys on a keyboard. USE TOOL. 3 to make a hole in something with a special piece of equipment: I was just punching holes in some sheets of paper. ○ This belt’s too big—I’ll have to punch an extra hole in it. ▶idioms punch sb’s lights out INFORMAL to hit someone repeatedly very hard ·punch the clock US to put a card into a special machine to record the times you arrive at and leave work: After 17 years of punching the clock, he just disappeared one morning and was never heard from again. 1．What does the word “pump” mean in “He ran in every five minutes to pump me about the case”? A．Talk with. B．Ask for information. C．Listen to. D．Provide with evidence. 2．When Sally says “The TV program kept pumping out commercials”, she may be ________. A．excited B．interested C．annoyed D．worried 3．What will the government most probably provide if it is engaged in a pump-priming program? A．Sums of money. B．Raw materials. C．Human resources. D．Media support. 4．When Sylvia says “His speech was OK but it had no real punch”, she thinks it was not ________. A．fluent and impressive B．logical and moving C．informative and significant D．interesting and powerful 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】主要节选自英语词典，详细讲解pump、pun、punch三个单词的词性、释义、习语与短语用法。 【详解】1．词句猜测题。根据pump词条动词释义中的“INFORMATION  2[T] INFORMAL to keep asking someone for information, especially in a way that is not direct:(非正式用法，打探信息)不断向某人打探消息，尤其指拐弯抹角地询问信息”可知，句中pump含义为打探消息、询问信息。 2．推理判断题。根据pump短语动词pump sth. out中的“2 INFORMAL DISAPPROVING to produce words or loud music in a way that is repeated, forceful and continuous:(非正式，含贬义)反复、强行不间断地输出话语、音乐等内容”可知，电视节目不停播放广告带有重复扰人的贬义，莎莉会感到厌烦。 3．细节理解题。根据pump-priming词条中的“ˈpump ˌpriming noun [U]SPECIALIZED the activity of helping a business, programme, economy, etc. to develop by giving it money:(专业术语，指投放资金助力企业、项目、经济发展)”可知，政府推行该计划会提供资金。 4．细节理解题。根据punch名词释义中的“EFFECT   2 [U] the power to be interesting and have a strong effect on people:(感染力，指有趣、有强大影响力的特质)”可知，句子表示演讲缺少感染力，也就是不够有趣、没有力度。 B “What is your name?” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time. But for me, it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland. The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English. For native speakers of English, some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce. My given name Qiuyu (秋雨), for instance, happened to be a great challenge for many of them. Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did. Once in a lecture, the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter. I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me. After all, I did care about how others would think of me. I realized that if I didn’t stop, the entire lecture would be ruined. “It’s okay, professor,” I shrugged (耸肩). The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter. I forced a smile, unsure how to respond further. After that incident, I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher.” Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded approvingly. This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain. However, I soon found that by doing so, I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity. In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. At first, I hesitated because of the previous awkward moments. But then I decided to take the opportunity. “In Chinese, ‘Qiu’ means ‘autumn’ and ‘Yu’ means ‘rain.’ In my culture, the autumn rain nourishes the earth and brings people harvest.” The professor nodded and to my surprise, many classmates began to mimic the sound and the rhythm of my name. Their interest and effort made me feel proud of our culture. I came to know that my name is not only a symbol, but also a doorway to Chinese culture. Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. “What a poetic name you’ve got!” one girl said. “Could you teach us to say it correctly?” another classmate asked. “Maybe you could share more about Chinese culture with us sometime.” This time, I didn’t shrug. I talked with them with extreme patience and warmth. Their curiosity and laughter made me realize that sharing our cultural identity is meaningful. From then on, I began to see my name as a bridge to connect different worlds. 5．Why was the author’s name a challenge for native English speakers? A．Because it was too long to remember. B．Because its pronunciation was unfamiliar to them. C．Because they were not interested in foreign names. D．Because the author refused to explain it to them. 6．What did the author do after the awkward incident in the lecture? A．He decided to change his name to an English one. B．He continued to correct people’s pronunciation patiently. C．He avoided explaining the pronunciation of his name anymore. D．He asked the professor to help him introduce his name. 7．The word “nourishes” in Paragraph 6 most probably means ________. A．destroys B．feeds and helps grow C．washes away D．cools down 8．What was the change in the classmates’ attitude after the author explained the meaning of his name? A．They became more curious and respectful. B．They thought it was too poetic to be true. C．They felt sorry for their previous impatience. D．They lost interest in Chinese culture. 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 【导语】本文主要讲述作者在爱尔兰留学时，从回避讲解中文名到主动分享名字承载的中国文化。 【详解】5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English. For native speakers of English, some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce.(汉语发音体系和英语差异很大，对英语母语者来说，部分中文词语很难发音。)”可知，英语母语者不熟悉作者名字的发音，因此难以读准。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“After that incident, I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher.” Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded approvingly.(这件事后，我不再充当“中文老师”。别人读不好我的名字时，我不再纠正，只是微笑赞许点头。)”可知，作者不再主动解释、纠正名字发音。 7．词句猜测题。根据第六段中的“In Chinese, ‘Qiu’ means ‘autumn’ and ‘Yu’ means ‘rain.’ In my culture, the autumn rain nourishes the earth and brings people harvest.(中文里“秋”是秋天，“雨”是雨水；在我们文化中，秋雨nourishes大地，为人们带来丰收。)”可知，秋雨滋养土地、助力作物生长，可推断nourishes意为滋养、供给养分帮助生长。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. “What a poetic name you’ve got!” one girl said. “Could you teach us to say it correctly?” another classmate asked. “Maybe you could share more about Chinese culture with us sometime.” This time, I didn’t shrug. I talked with them with extreme patience and warmth. Their curiosity and laughter made me realize that sharing our cultural identity is meaningful.(很多同学都产生了兴趣，下课后纷纷走到我身边。有个女孩说：“你的名字真富有诗意。” 还有一位同学问道：“你能教教我们怎么把你的名字读标准吗？或许你什么时候可以多跟我们讲讲中国文化。” 这一次，我没有再耸肩。我满怀耐心、热情地和他们交谈。他们的好奇与欢声笑语让我明白，分享自身的文化特征是一件很有意义的事。)”可知，听完名字寓意后同学们变得更好奇，也更加尊重中国文化。 C When I turned 64, I signed up for a one-month German immersion (沉浸) program in Berlin. On my first morning, the head teacher told us firmly: “Anyone who speaks a single word of your mother tongue will be charged a 3-euro fine.” At that moment, I doubted whether I had made a wise decision. I fell in love with German when I was a teenager, but university courses bored me. Later, my grandchildren went to a bilingual German school, and my interest woke up again. Still, housework and work kept me too busy to study on my own. Last year, an elderly neighbour who spoke fluent German told me about his trips around Germany. I felt so jealous. The very next day, I resolved to realize my dream. Even in my sixties, I loved taking on new challenges. One month later, I flew to Berlin to study German for 30 days, where we were immersed in Germany eight hours a day. My classmates came from all over the globe: a Korean woman hoped to master German to appreciate European art; an Indian graduate wanted to find a job in Germany; many, like me, sought a personal challenge. The first week was extremely tough. My brain hurt from non-stop language input. I routinely embarrassed myself. With only a limited German vocabulary, I couldn’t tell any of my usual stories and jokes. After much practice, I finally developed an amusing story to tell to whomever I sat with. Yes, the same story every day. At least I was never fined three euros! At school one day, I met a British woman I had chatted with in English at a café the previous day. I walked straight past her without a greeting — paying a thousand euros as punishment would do! Little by little, the immersive environment worked wonders. As soon as I stepped into the teaching building, my brain shifted to thinking in German. During the whole month, I made significant progress. On the final day, I even delivered a speech completely in German. Attending the program inspired me to continue my German learning. And I’ve booked the courses for another session this spring. I can’t wait to get there and embarrass myself again! Age will never stop me from trying new things! 9．Why did the author doubt her decision on the first day of the program? A．The lessons were boring. B．The regulations were too strict. C．The schedule was overloaded. D．The cost was very high. 10．What pushed the author to learn German in Berlin? A．Her grandchildren’s German classes. B．Her urge to be equally fluent in German like a neighbour. C．Her being attached to German. D．Her regained interest in German. 11．Which of the following can be used to describe the author? A．Cautious and curious. B．Self-disciplined and caring. C．Determined and challenge-seeking. D．Light-hearted and approachable. 12．What message does the text mainly want to show? A．Interest-motivated efforts will harvest well. B．Patience is the best policy. C．Rules are meant to be broken. D．Age won’t be the barrier to learning. 【答案】9．B 10．B 11．C 12．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者64岁参加德语沉浸式课程，克服初期困难，坚持学习并取得进步，展现了活到老学到老、勇于挑战的精神。 【详解】9．细节理解题。根据第一段“On my first morning, the head teacher told us firmly: “Anyone who speaks a single word of your mother tongue will be charged a 3-euro fine.” At that moment, I doubted whether I had made a wise decision. (开课第一天早晨，班主任坚定地告诉我们：“任何说母语的人都会被罚款3欧元。”那一刻，我怀疑自己是否做了明智的决定)”可知，作者是因为觉得规定太严苛才动摇的。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段“Last year, an elderly neighbour who spoke fluent German told me about his trips around Germany. I felt so jealous. The very next day, I resolved to realize my dream. (去年，一位能说流利德语的老邻居跟我讲他在德国的旅行见闻，我十分羡慕。第二天，我就下定决心要实现自己的梦想)”可知，邻居流利的德语和对旅行的描述激发了作者的行动力。 11．推理判断题。根据第一段“When I turned 64, I signed up for a one-month German immersion (沉浸) program in Berlin.(当我64岁的时候，我在柏林报名参加了一个为期一个月的德语沉浸式课程)”以及最后一段“Attending the program inspired me to continue my German learning. And I’ve booked the courses for another session this spring.(参加这个项目激励我继续学习德语。我已经预订了今年春天另一节课的课程)”可知，作者坚持一个月全德语环境学习，甚至续报春季课程，由此可知，作者是坚定的；根据第二段“Even in my sixties, I loved taking on new challenges.(即使六十多岁了，我也喜欢接受新挑战)”以及最后一段“Age will never stop me from trying new things!(年龄绝不会阻止我去尝试新事物)”可知，作者乐于挑战，所以坚定且爱挑战最能概括作者的特质。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Age will never stop me from trying new things!(年龄绝不会阻止我去尝试新事物)”以及文章内容可知，文章以作者64岁高龄参加高强度德语培训为主线，从最初的不适应到最后能用德语演讲并计划继续学习，想要展示的是“年龄不会成为学习的障碍”。 D School is still out for the summer, but at Eastern Senior High School in Washington, D．C．, students are hard at work outdoors. In a garden filled with flowers, vegetables and herbs, nearly a dozen teenagers are harvesting (收获) vegetables for the weekend’s farmers market. Anita is going into her junior year at Eastern, and has been working in this garden for three years now. In summer, Anita works from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m., Tuesday to Saturday and gets paid by City Blossoms. It is a nonprofit group, which builds community gardens for city schools. She believes that gardening has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating a wider variety of vegetables regularly. She brought these healthy habits home, and her improved diet even inspired her family to buy more fruits and vegetables. Anita’s experience is a good example of the broader impact that City Blossoms aims to create. City Blossoms is one of many groups across the country that team up with local communities to establish school gardens. It cooperates with schools to build garden classrooms. Besides, it offers training to teachers to attract students’ attention and improve their grades. These gardens effectively function as open-air classrooms. For example, they can be used for math lessons, like calculating the area of a plant bed or learning the science of how plants grow. For the students, the experience has totally changed their views on where food comes from, and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12-15% rise in the number of students passing standardized tests (标准化考试) and 94% of teachers reported seeing increased engagement from their students, according to an independent evaluation conducted by PEER Associates. 13．What does Anita think of the summer outdoor activity? A．It brings her whole family closer. B．It helps her perform better at school. C．It is a nice way to earn pocket money. D．It contributes to her healthy eating habit. 14．What is the main original purpose of building school gardens? A．To increase students’ test scores. B．To provide a creative way of learning. C．To make students fall in love with planting. D．To help teachers improve professional skills. 15．What aspect of City Blossoms is discussed in the last paragraph? A．Its daily operations. B．Its practical effects. C．Its applications. D．Its expectations. 16．What can be the most suitable title for the text? A．City Blossoms: More Than a Garden B．Healthy Eating: Changing Family Habits C．Gardening: A Summer Part-time Job for Students D．Outdoor Classrooms: More Than Planting Lessons 【答案】13．D 14．B 15．B 16．A 【导语】文章主要讲述了华盛顿特区东部高中的学生在暑期参与园艺活动，通过建设校园花园来丰富学习体验、改善饮食习惯，并取得了积极的教育成果。 【详解】13．细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“She believes that gardening has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating a wider variety of vegetables regularly. She brought these healthy habits home, and her improved diet even inspired her family to buy more fruits and vegetables. (她认为园艺教会了她尝试各种新事物，比如定期吃更多种类的蔬菜。她把这些健康习惯带回了家，她改善后的饮食甚至激励了她的家人购买更多的水果和蔬菜。)”可知，她认为园艺活动帮助她养成了健康的饮食习惯。 14．推理判断题。根据第三段第三、四、五句“It cooperates with schools to build garden classrooms. Besides, it offers training to teachers to attract students’ attention and improve their grades. These gardens effectively function as open-air classrooms. (它与学校合作建设花园教室。此外，它还提供教师培训，以吸引学生的注意力并提高他们的成绩。这些花园有效地充当了露天教室。)”可知，建造学校花园的初衷是将其作为一种创新的教学方式，提供一种富有创意的学习方式。 15．主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容“For the students, the experience has totally changed their views on where food comes from, and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12-15% rise in the number of students passing standardized tests (标准化考试) and 94% of teachers reported seeing increased engagement from their students, according to an independent evaluation conducted by PEER Associates. (对学生来说，这段经历完全改变了他们对食物来源以及生产食物需要什么的看法。根据PEER Associates（一家专注于教育项目评估的美国咨询公司）进行的一项独立评估，合作学校通过标准化考试的学生人数增加了12-15%，94%的教师报告说他们的学生参与度提高了。)”可知，最后一段主要讨论的是“城市之花”带来的实际效果，包括学生观念的改变、考试成绩的提高和参与度的提升。 16．主旨大意题。文章第一段引出东部高中学生在暑期参与园艺活动；第二段通过阿尼塔的例子说明园艺活动对学生饮食习惯的积极影响；第三段介绍“城市之花”通过与学校合作建设花园教室、培训教师，将花园打造成露天教室；第四段说明这些活动对学生产生的实际效果，包括观念改变、成绩提高和参与度提升。全文围绕“城市之花”展开，表明它不仅仅是一个花园，更是一个多功能的教育平台。A选项“City Blossoms: More Than a Garden (城市之花：不仅仅是花园)”准确概括了文章主旨。 二．语法填空：（每题1.5分，共计15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For Latvian poet Ieva Lapina, ancient Chinese poetry is more than art — it is a bridge connecting two distant cultures through 17 (share) emotions and timeless beauty. Her book, River Snow: Anthology of Ancient Chinese Lyrics, 18 (publish) in 2024 and quickly secured several major honors. It features works by literary giants including Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, Li Bai, and Xin Qiji, spanning from the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 — 420) 19 the Song Dynasty (960-1279). “Translating from ancient Chinese into modern Latvian was a great challenge, because Latvian literature is 20 (relative) young, while Chinese poetry has millennia of development, with rich forms and many 21 (remark) poets,” Lapina says. To connect two distant cultures, she carefully reproduces the imagery and rhythm of the 22 (original) while blending them with the musicality of Latvian verse, creating a poetic dialogue that bridges cultures. She even adds annotations (注释) 23 (explain) historical events and poet biographies. For Lapina, translation is not merely about words but about transmitting meaning and emotion across languages. In this endeavor, she strives to convey the essence of the original text, whether it is a poem 24 a scholar’s reflections. Thus, when the translation reaches the reader, it takes on a new life, 25 (present) China as filtered through her interpretive lens. Lapina hopes her work will deepen the local understanding of Chinese literature, just as she said — Poetry is like a snowflake that crosses mountains and rivers and falls into 26 heart of a distant land. 【答案】 17．shared 18．was published 19．to 20．relatively 21．remarkable 22．originals 23．to explain 24．or 25．presenting 26．the 【导语】文章主要说明了拉脱维亚诗人翻译中国历代古诗并出版获奖诗集，克服两国文学差异还原诗意韵律，辅以注释，希望借诗歌传递共通情感，加深当地人对中国文学的理解。 【详解】17．考查形容词。句意：对拉脱维亚诗人伊娃·拉皮娜而言，中国古代诗歌不仅仅是一种艺术，更是一座桥梁，通过共同的情感与永恒的美，连接着两种遥远的文化。修饰名词emotions用形容词shared，作定语。 18．考查时态语态。句意：她的译作《江雪：中国古典诗词选集》于2024年出版，问世后迅速斩获多项重要奖项。主语book与谓语构成被动关系，结合后文可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。 19．考查介词。句意：收录了陶渊明、谢灵运、李白和辛弃疾等文学巨匠的作品，时间跨度从东晋（317—420年）至宋代（960—1279年）。短语from…to…表示“从……到……”。 20．考查副词。句意：“将古代汉语翻译成现代拉脱维亚语是一项巨大的挑战，因为拉脱维亚文学相对年轻，而中国诗歌已有数千年的发展历史，形式丰富，诗人众多且成就卓著，”拉皮娜说。修饰形容词young用副词relatively。 21．考查形容词。句意：“将古代汉语翻译成现代拉脱维亚语是一项巨大的挑战，因为拉脱维亚文学相对年轻，而中国诗歌已有数千年的发展历史，形式丰富，诗人众多且成就卓著，”拉皮娜说。修饰名词poets用形容词remarkable。 22．考查名词的数。句意：为了连接两种遥远的文化，她精心再现原作的意象与节奏，并将其融入拉脱维亚诗歌的音乐性之中，创造出一种跨越文化的诗意对话。the originals表示原作、原文诗篇，用复数指代众多古诗。 23．考查非谓语动词。句意：她甚至添加了注释，用以解释历史事件和诗人传记。此处explain作目的状语，用不定式。 24．考查固定句型。句意：在这一过程中，她力求传达原文的精髓，无论是诗歌还是学者的思考。句型whether…or…表示“无论是……还是……”。 25．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，当翻译传达到读者手中时，它便获得了新生，以她独特的诠释视角呈现中国。此处present与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。 26．考查冠词。句意：拉皮娜希望自己的作品能加深人们对中文文学的理解，正如她所说——诗歌就像一片雪花，穿越山河，最终落在遥远土地的中心。短语the heart of...表示“……的内心”。 三、书面表达：（共25分） 假定你是李华，请围绕课堂学习、师生关系、校园活动三个要点，写一篇100词左右的英语短文。 内容要点  ： 1. 课堂学习：专心听讲、认真记笔记、按时完成作业、积极参与讨论。   2. 师生关系：尊重老师、主动请教、老师鼓励我们进步。   3. 校园活动：参加志愿者活动、团队合作、庆祝成就。 词汇要求   从下列词汇中至少选用6个，可灵活变形：   attentive, take notes, assignment, participate in, respect, consult, encourage, volunteer, team work, celebrate, make progress, live up to __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: As a student, I always try to live up to my potential in school. In class, I remain attentive and take notes carefully. I make sure to finish every assignment on time and actively take part in group discussions. I also value the relationship with my teachers. I respect them deeply and often consult them when I have questions. They always encourage me to keep going whenever I face difficulties. After class, I enjoy various activities. I often do volunteer work, where I learn the importance of teamwork. We also celebrate our achievements together, which makes my school life colorful and meaningful. 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份，围绕课堂学习、师生关系、校园活动三个方面写一篇英语短文，介绍自己在校的学习状态、师生相处模式与课余活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：take part in → participate in 鼓励：encourage → inspire 团队合作：teamwork → cooperation 各种各样的：various → varieties of 2.句式拓展 并列句变复合句 原句：I remain attentive and take notes carefully. 拓展句：I remain attentive in class and take notes carefully so that I can grasp knowledge better. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I often do volunteer work, where I learn the importance of teamwork.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】We also celebrate our achievements together, which makes my school life colorful and meaningful.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $