Unit 6 Look into science(知识清单)英语新教材冀教版九年级上册

2026-09-11
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摘要:

该初中英语单元知识清单聚焦“科技与生活”主题,涵盖分类词汇(科技、人物、物品等)、动词短语、交际句型、被动语态语法及科学主题写作五大知识范畴,搭建了从词汇积累到语法应用再到写作输出的递进式学习支架。 清单通过主题分类、语法结构表格及易错点助记口诀构建知识体系,如将被动语态分为“shall/will be done”等三种结构并配例句,培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计“写作框架+范文”“易错点对点训练”,如“quantity主谓一致”助记口诀,帮助不同学生高效掌握,教师可据此设计分层教学,提升课堂实效。

内容正文:

Unit6 Look into science! 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、科技与工业(印刷、电子、工业、基因相关) 1. (印刷;印刷术) changed people’s life long ago.(印刷术很久以前就改变了人们的生活。) 2. (工业的;产业的) This is an city.(这是一座工业城市。) 3. (革命;巨变) The computer brought a great .(计算机带来了一场巨大的变革。) 4. (电子的) Many kids like games.(很多孩子喜欢电子游戏。) 5. (基因) Your can influence your looks.(你的基因会影响你的外貌。) 6. (基因的;遗传学的) Some diseases come from reasons.(有些疾病来源于基因方面的原因。) 7. (蓝图;方案) They showed us the of the new house.(他们给我们展示新房子的蓝图。) 8. (导航;航行) This phone has good .(这部手机导航功能很好。) 二、人物与亲属(家人、读者、人际互动) 1. (读者;阅读器;读本) He is a careful of this magazine.(他是这本杂志的细心读者。) 2. (双胞胎之一) My sister likes drawing.(我的双胞胎姐姐喜欢画画。) 3. (亲戚;亲属;比较的;相关联的) I will visit my this weekend.(这周末我要去看望我的一位亲戚。) 4. ((亲属关系)远的;遥远的) We have a relative in another city.(我们在另一座城市有一位远亲。) 5. (活着的;居住的) He is one of the greatest writers.(他是在世的最伟大作家之一。) 6. (相互作用;交流) Kids should with their classmates.(孩子们应该和同学们交流互动。) 三、物品与材料(容器、建材、日常物件) 1. (广口瓶;罐子) I put the candies into a .(我把糖果放进一个广口瓶里。) 2. (硬纸板) He made a box with .(他用硬纸板做了一个盒子。) 3. (雨衣) Take your because it may rain.(带上你的雨衣,可能会下雨。) 4. (简;碑;药片) You should take one after meals.(你应该饭后吃一片药片。) 5. (平台;舞台) She stood on the and gave a speech.(她站在舞台上发表演讲。) 6. (账单;纸币;法案) Please pay the before you leave.(离开前请付账单。) 4、 文本信息(文章、编辑、访问、书本相关) 1. ____ (文本;文章;课文) Please read the short ____ carefully.(请仔细阅读这篇短文。) 2. ____ (修改;编辑;编纂) She will ____ this short article for me.(她会帮我修改这篇短文。) 3.____ (使用;进入;访问;通道;入径) You can ____ the room with this key.(你可以用这把钥匙进入这个房间。) 4.____ (可使用的) The books are ____ to all students.(所有学生都可以使用这些书。) 五、行为动作(做事、变化、请求、处理) 1.__________ ((在疑问句中同 I 和 we 连用,表示提出或征求意见);将要) __________ we go for a walk?(我们去散步好吗?) 2.__________ (得出结论;结束) We can __________ that he is right.(我们可以得出结论,他是对的。) 3.__________ (降低;减少;把…… 放低;下方的) Please __________ your voice in the library.(在图书馆请压低你的声音。) 4.__________ (重复;重做) Could you please __________ your words?(你能重复一遍你的话吗?) 5.__________ (辨认;找到) Can you __________ your bag among these ones?(你能在这些包里面辨认出你的吗?) 6.__________ (预订;预约) I made a __________ for the hotel yesterday.(我昨天完成了酒店的预订。) 7.__________ (复习;评论;回顾) I need to __________ my lessons tonight.(今晚我需要复习功课。) 六、描述与环境(环境、数量、程度、性质) 1.__________ (正面) Please turn the paper __________ up.(请把纸张翻到正面。) 2.__________ (紧紧地;牢固地) She held her bag .(她紧紧地攥住她的包。) 3. (普遍的) This kind of sport is __________ in our country.(这项运动在我国十分普遍。) 4.__________ (可移动的) This is a __________ desk for students.(这是一张学生用的可移动课桌。) 5.__________ (数量;数目) We need a large __________ of water.(我们需要大量的水。) 6.__________ (一般的;普通的) This is just a __________ idea.(这只是一个普通的想法。) 7.__________ (可获得的;有空的) Is the teacher __________ now?(老师现在有空吗?) 8.__________ (进一步;较远(far 的比较级);此外;更进一步的) We need __________ help from you.(我们需要你进一步的帮助。) 9.__________ (越来越多地;不断增加地) People __________ care about health.(人们越来越多地关注健康。) 10.__________ (深刻地;强地) I __________ agree with your opinion.(我非常赞同你的观点。) 11.__________ (复杂的) Don’t ask me such a __________ question.(不要问我这么复杂的问题。) 12.__________ (不顾) He kept running __________ of the hot sun.(不顾烈日,他继续奔跑。) 13.__________ (气候;风气) The __________ here is warm all year round.(这里全年气候温暖。) 短 语 一、动词短语 1. (倾泻) Water __________ from the broken cup.(水从破碎的杯子里倾泻出来。) 2. (追溯到) This old building __________ the 18th century.(这座古老的建筑追溯到 18 世纪。) 3. (与…… 相互作用) Chemicals __________ each other in the experiment.(化学物质在实验中相互作用。) 4.(利用;处理) I don’t know what to __________ these old books.(我不知道该怎么处理这些旧书。) 5.__________(得益于) Many students __________ afterschool reading.(许多学生得益于课外阅读。) 二、介词 & 固定搭配短语 1. (倒置) The boy held the bottle .(男孩把瓶子倒置过来。) 2. (一种手段或方法) Writing is __________ expressing our feelings.(写作是表达我们情感的一种手段。) 3. (大批地;大量地) They buy paper .(他们大批地采购纸张。) 4. (以更低的成本) Factories produce goods .(工厂以更低的成本生产商品。) 5. (除了) The room is clean __________ one dirty chair.(除了一把脏椅子,房间很干净。) 6.__________(不顾;不管) He will take part in the game __________ bad weather.(不管天气恶劣,他都要参加比赛。) 三、连接 & 时间类短语 1. (随着时间流逝) , we know more about the world.(随着时间流逝,我们对世界了解更多。) 2. (在未来几年中) People will use more new energy .(在未来几年中人们会使用更多新能源。) 3. (另外;更重要的是) This book is interesting. , it is cheap.(这本书很有趣,另外,它还很便宜。) 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、提出猜想与开展实验 1.Can you guess what will happen?(你能猜到会发生什么吗?) 2.I think the floor will get wet.(我认为地板会被弄湿。) 3.I don’t think so.(我不这么认为。) 4.Shall we do the experiment and find out?(我们做实验来弄清楚好吗?) 5.How is that possible?(这怎么可能呢?) 6.What have we discovered?(我们发现了什么?) 二、描述事物发展、历史与科技影响 1.The history of books dates back to ancient times when people recorded information on various materials.(书的历史可以追溯到古人在各类材料上记录信息的时代。) 2.As time went on, written texts became more widespread.(随着时间流逝,书面文字变得更加普及。) 3.It allows readers to access books using electronic devices such as computers and ereaders.(它让读者可以使用电脑、电子阅读器这类电子设备阅读书籍。) 4.Technology has changed the way we live, work, learn, and communicate.(科技改变了我们生活、工作、学习以及交流的方式。) 5.Science has a big impact on our lives in many ways and it’s everywhere around us.(科学在很多方面对我们的生活产生巨大影响,它无处不在。) 6.This belief led to many great discoveries of modern science.(这一理念带来了现代科学的诸多重大发现。) 三、表达客观事实、对比与补充说明 1.All these things are strongly influenced by your DNA before you were born.(所有这些特征在你出生前就受到 DNA 的巨大影响。) 2.Except for some twins, each living thing has its own unique DNA.(除部分双胞胎之外,每个生物都拥有自己独一无二的 DNA。) 3.It’s not just our personal lives that benefit from technology — our environment does too!(不仅仅是我们的个人生活受益于科技,我们的环境同样如此!) 4.What’s more, using digital books also helps save trees, making them a more environmentally friendly option.(此外,使用电子书还有助于保护树木,让它成为更环保的选择。) 5.Without science, we wouldn’t have vaccines that protect us from diseases.(没有科学,我们就不会拥有保护我们抵御疾病的疫苗。) 6.As about one fifth of the air is made up of oxygen, the water rises and fills about one fifth of the jar.(因为大约五分之一的空气由氧气构成,水就会上升,占据罐子五分之一的空间。) 语法 被动语态 写作 围绕身边的科学,可写科学实验、科技发展、科学现象以及科学家故事,体会科学对人类生活的影响。 一、知识点精讲 1. access v. 使用;进入;访问 n. 通道;入径 【词形变形】access v./n. → accessible adj. 可使用的;可到达的 【句型】 1 access sth. 使用 / 访问某物   You can the books on the computer. 你可以在电脑上查阅这些书籍。 2 be accessible to sb. 对某人来说可使用   The library all students. 所有学生都可以使用这座图书馆。 2. edit v. 修改;编辑;编纂 【词形变形】edit v. → editor n. 编辑;编者 → edition n. 版本 【句型】 ① edit sth. 编辑 / 修改某物   She will this article for me. 她会帮我修改这篇文章。 3. conclude v. 得出结论;结束 【词形变形】conclude v. → conclusion n. 结论 【句型】 1 conclude that… 得出结论……  We can science changes our life. 我们可以得出结论:科学改变我们的生活。 2 draw a conclusion 得出结论   He from the experiment. 他从实验中得出一个结论。 4. lower v. 降低;减少;把……放低 adj. 下方的 【词形变形】lower v./adj. → low adj. 低的(原级) 【句型】 1 lower one’s voice 压低声音   Please in the lab. 在实验室请压低你的声音。 5. repeat v. 重复;重做 【词形变形】repeat v. → repetition n. 重复 【句型】 1 repeat sth. 重复某事   Could you please repeat your question? 你能重复一遍你的问题吗? 6. identify v. 辨认;找到 【词形变形】identify v. → identification n. 识别;身份证明 【句型】 1 identify sth./sb. 辨认某物 / 某人   Can you ? 你能辨认出你的包吗? 2 identify…as… 把……识别为……  Scientists this thing DNA. 科学家把这种物质识别为 DNA。 7. widespread adj. 普遍的;广泛传播的 【词形变形】widespread adj. → spread v. 传播(原形) 【句型】 1 be widespread in… 在……很普遍   This custom our country. 这个习俗在我国十分普遍。 8. quantity n. 数量;数目 【词形变形】quantity n. → quantitive adj. 数量的 【句型】 1 a large quantity of 大量的   We need clean water. 我们需要大量干净的水。 9. available adj. 可获得的;有空的 【词形变形】available adj. → availability n. 可用性 【句型】 1 be available 可获得的;有空的   the doctor now? 医生现在有空吗? 10. further adj./adv. 进一步;较远(far 比较级);此外 【词形变形】far → further/farther(比较级)→ furthest/farthest(最高级) 【易混辨析】further(抽象进一步) vs farther(物理距离更远) 【句型】 1 further help 进一步的帮助   We need from you. 我们需要你进一步的支持。 11. increasingly adv. 越来越多地;不断增加地 【词形变形】increasingly adv. → increase v./n. 增加 【句型】 1 increasingly + 动词 越来越……  People pay attention to science. 人们越来越多地关注科学。 12. strongly adv. 深刻地;强烈地 【词形变形】strongly adv. → strong adj. 强烈的;强大的 【句型】 1 strongly agree with… 非常赞同……  I strongly your idea. 我非常赞同你的观点。 13. complicated adj. 复杂的 【词形变形】complicated adj. → complicate v. 使复杂化 【句型】 1 a complicated question 一个复杂的问题   Don’t ask me . 不要问我这么复杂的问题。 14. regardless adv. 不顾 【固定搭配】regardless of 不顾;不管 【句型】 1 regardless of + 名词 不管……  He kept working the bad weather. 不管天气恶劣,他继续工作。 15. climate n. 气候;风气 【易混辨析】climate(长时间气候) vs weather(短时间天气) 【句型】 1 The climate here is… 这里的气候是…… The here is warm all year round. 这里全年气候温暖。 二、核心语法精讲 一般将来时的被动语态 【定义】 一般将来时的被动语态,表示发生在将来的被动动作,主语是动作的承受者,不是动作的发出者。 【用法】 1.描述将来要被完成的动作; 2.不知道、不必说出动作执行者是谁的时候使用; 3.强调主语是动作的承受对象。 【句型结构】 一般将来时被动语态共有 3 种结构:shall/will be done、be going to be done、be to be done; 结构 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 shall/will be done 主语 + will/shall be doneShe will be greatly missed. 主语 + will/shall not be doneShe will not be greatly missed. Will/Shall + 主语 + be done?Will she be greatly missed?答:Yes, she will./No, she won’t. 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句Why will she be greatly missed? be going to be done 主语 + be (am/is/are) going to be doneSome old buildings are going to be put down. 主语 + be (am/is/are)+not going to be doneThe problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. Be (am/is/are)+ 主语 + going to be done?Are these trees going to be cut down?答:Yes, they are./No, they aren’t. 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句When are these trees going to be cut down? be to be done 主语 + be (am/is/are) to be doneThe sports meeting is to be held on April 10. 主语 + be (am/is/are)+not to be doneThe machines are not to be repaired tonight. Be (am/is/are)+ 主语 + to be done?Are new textbooks to be published next week?答:Yes, they are./No, they aren’t. 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句When are new textbooks to be published? 【特别注意】 1.done必须是及物动词的过去分词,不及物动词无被动语态。 2.动语态中 be 动词有人称、数的变化,要和主语保持一致。 3.shall多用于第一人称 (I/we);will各种人称都可以使用。 4.be to be done多用来表示计划、安排好将来要被做的事。 5.主动变被动:主动句的宾语变被动句主语;谓语变为对应将来时被动结构;主动句主语可由 by 引出,可省略。 三、单元写作清单 (一)话题分析 【核心话题】科学与生活、趣味科学实验、科技发展的影响、科学的价值 【常考题目】1.An Interesting Science Experiment(一次有趣的科学实验)——记叙文 2.Science Is Around Us(科学就在我们身边)——观点类作文 3.How Technology Changes Our Life(科技改变生活)——议论文 4.The Magic of Science(科学的魅力)——抒情观点文 【写作立意】 生活处处有科学,科学实验有趣且有意义,科技造福人类、推动社会进步,我们要善于观察、勇于探索科学。 (二)写作框架 【实验记叙文】 第一段:开篇引入(总起,点明实验主题+感受) 生活中有很多有趣的科学现象,我最近做了一个神奇的科学实验,让我收获满满。 第二段:实验过程(步骤清晰,用上单元短语) 简单介绍实验准备→具体操作过程→观察到的实验现象。 第三段:原理+收获(升华主题) 解释实验蕴含的科学原理,写出自己的感悟:科学很神奇,我们要善于观察、动手探索。 【观点议论文(科学/科技类)】 第一段:总观点 Science is very important in our daily life.(科学在我们的生活中至关重要。) 第二段:分点论证 1. 科学让生活更便利(科技、书籍发展); 2. 科学助力健康、保护环境; 3. 生活处处有科学实验与科学现象。 第三段:总结升华 我们要热爱科学、学习科学,用科学改变生活、创造未来。 (三)素材积累 【开头句】 1.Science is everywhere around us.(科学无处不在。) 2.Our life has been greatly changed by science and technology.(科技极大地改变了我们的生活。) 3.It is amazing to discover science in our daily life.(在生活中发现科学十分奇妙。) 【中间句】 1.As time goes on, science develops fast and brings us many advantages.(随着时间流逝,科学快速发展,带给我们诸多便利。) 2.We can benefit a lot from modern technology.(我们能从现代科技中受益匪浅。) 3.Technology helps us communicate with others regardless of distance.(科技帮我们跨越距离与人交流。) 4.What’s more, science helps us protect our environment.(此外,科学助力我们保护环境。) 5.Many ancient inventions date back to thousands of years ago.(许多古老发明可以追溯到数千年前。) 【结尾句】 1.Science makes our life better and better.(科学让我们的生活越来越好。) 2.We should learn science well and explore the world bravely.(我们要学好科学,勇敢探索世界。) 3.I believe science will create a brighter future for us.(我相信科学会为我们创造更美好的未来。) 【短语积累】 1.as time goes on 随着时间流逝 2.benefit from 得益于 3.regardless of 不管 4.what’s more 此外 5.in the coming years 在未来几年中 (四)范文背诵 范文一:实验记叙文 An Interesting Science Experiment Science is full of magic and it is always around us. I recently did a wonderful water experiment, and it taught me a lot. First, I prepared a jar, a piece of cardboard and some water. I filled the jar with water and covered its top with the cardboard. Then I turned the jar upside down slowly. I was worried that the water would pour out. But to my surprise, the water stayed in the jar and did not fall down at all. Later I learned the principle. The air pressure is strong enough to hold the water in the jar. This experiment is simple but meaningful. From this experiment, I know science is amazing. In the coming years, I will observe life carefully and learn more science knowledge to explore the world. 范文二:观点议论文 Science Is Around Us Science plays an important role in our daily life. It changes our life in many ways. As time goes on, science and technology develop rapidly. They bring us great convenience. We can study online, shop online and communicate with friends easily regardless of distance. Many people benefit from modern technology. What’s more, science helps us protect the environment and keep healthy. The history of books and many great inventions all date back to ancient times, which shows the power of science. In my opinion, science makes our life more comfortable and wonderful. We should love science, study it hard and use it to create a better future. 易错点 01:被动语态易错:不及物动词无被动语态 【助记口诀】 及物动词才有被,不及物动词无被动; 不及物要表被动,换用主动表被动。 【错因辨析】 1.被动语态结构be done中,done 必须是及物动词过去分词,后面可以接宾语;happen、appear、take place、occur 等不及物动词 / 短语没有宾语,不能用于被动语态。 2.拓展:有些动词如 sell、read,主动形式可以表达被动含义:The book sells well. 这本书卖得很好。 【一句话辨异】 句子有被动含义,先看动词是否及物;不及物动词不用 be done,只用主动形式。 【对点训练】 1. The great change ______ in our hometown in the past ten years. A. was taken place B. took place C. was happened D. happened to 易错点 02:be to be done结构辨析,混淆 be to do 和 be to be done 【助记口诀】 be to do 表计划,主动要看主语啥; 主语若是承受者,就要写成 be to be done。 【错因辨析】 1.be to do:主语是动作发出者,表计划要做; 2.be to be done:主语是动作承受者,表计划将要被做; 【一句话辨异】 判断主语是做动作,还是承受动作,决定用be to do还是be to be done。 【对点训练】 1. A new library ______ in our school next term. A. is to build B. to be built C. is to be built D. will build 易错点 03:quantity短语主谓一致:a large quantity of /large quantities of 【助记口诀】 quantity 看量词不看名,单复由 quantity 定; a large quantity 用单数,large quantities 用复数。 【错因辨析】 1. a large quantity of +名词,谓语动词用单数; 2. large quantities of +名词,无论后面名词可数不可数,谓语动词都用复数。 【一句话辨异】 主谓一致看 quantity 的单复数,不要看后面的名词。 【对点训练】 1. Large quantities of information ______ on the Internet. A. is found B. are found C. finds D. are finding 易错点 04:regardless of固定搭配,漏写 of 【助记口诀】 regardless 是副词,后面不能直接接物; 要加 of 再接名词,“不管、不顾” 要记住。 【错因辨析】 1. regardless副词,不能直接接名词 / 代词;必须搭配介词of,构成短语regardless of +名词。 【一句话辨异】 regardless 不能直接加宾语,介词 of 千万不能丢。 【对点训练】 1. He will go on with his plan ______ the difficulty. A. regardless B. without of C. regardless of D. without 易错点 05:be accessible to介词搭配错误,误用 for 【助记口诀】 accessible 表可获得,后面介词用 to; be accessible to sb,对某人可使用。 【错因辨析】 1. accessible adj.可获得的、可使用的,固定搭配 be accessible to sb 对某人来说可得到 / 可使用;不能用 for。 【一句话辨异】 to 表示对象,“对…… 而言”,固定搭配 be accessible to sb。 【对点训练】 1. The new library ______ all the students in our school. A. is accessible for B. accessible to C. is accessible to D. access to 易错点 06:identify …as固定搭配,混淆介词 【助记口诀】 identify 把… 认作为,后面介词 as 要配对; identify sb/sth as,识别某物为。 【错因辨析】 1. identify v. 辨认;识别;固定搭配identify …as…把…… 识别为……,不要用 with。 【一句话辨异】 as 表示 “作为”,identify…as… 识别…… 为……。 【对点训练】 1. People ______ this plant ______ a new kind of medicine. A. identify; for B. identify; as C. recognize; for D. realize; to 易错点 07:further和farther辨析 【助记口诀】 far 有两个比较级,farther 指距离; further 表抽象义,进一步的用 further。 【错因辨析】 1. farther:侧重物理距离更远; 2. further:侧重抽象含义:进一步的,额外的,本单元further help进一步的帮助,抽象概念只能用 further。 【一句话辨异】 距离更远用 farther,抽象 “进一步” 用 further。 【对点训练】 1. We need ______ information about this science project. A. farther B. further C. farer D. more farther 一、单项选择 1.Many new factories ________ in our city next year. A.build B.will build C.are built D.will be built 2.—I hope not to forget my promise to come to your party next Friday. —Don’t worry. You will ________ the time one day earlier. A.remind B.be reminded C.remind of D.be reminded of 3.Astronomers use telescopes to explore planets, stars, and galaxies ________ away. A.far B.farther C.farthest D.further 4.Please ________ the sentence so everyone can hear clearly. A.repeat B.identify C.edit D.review 5.You need an account ________ this website. A.access B.to access C.accessing D.accessed 二、完形填空 阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处最佳选项。 Imagine knowing everything about your food with just one scan (扫描) . The future is now closer in China. On Sept 8, China made new rules for digital labels (数字标签) on prepackaged food. In the past, food labels were small. They did not 6 enough information. Now, food packages will have a QR code (二维码) as a “digital label”. It can show what the food is made of, 7 it comes from, and how to eat it. People can scan the code with their 8 . Then, a page will open. On the page, they can make it larger with their fingers to read the text. The page also has a voice tool to read the information out 9 . Some pages even include short videos with an 10 . The change makes shopping smarter and healthier for everyone. 6.A.expect B.provide C.spare D.pull 7.A.when B.whom C.where D.which 8.A.phones B.computers C.radios D.flashes 9.A.slowly B.loud C.secretly D.fast 10.A.instrument B.interest C.introduction D.invention 三、单词拼写 11.The project should raise ________ (普遍的) interest in science. 12.Remember to put on your ________ (雨衣) when you go outside. 13.But at that time, there were only a few books ________ (可获得的) in his village.   14.She learned how to ________ (编辑) texts on the computer. 15.The city is especially famous for its comfortable ________ (气候) all over the country. 四、补全对话 A: Hi, Kevin! You seem really excited today! 16 B: Yes! Our school just started using an AI study assistant in the computer room. A: Really? 17 B: It can help us review lessons, check mistakes, and even give personal study advice. A: Sounds amazing! 18 B: I used it to practise English reading. It explained difficult words clearly and gave me a short test. A: Wow, that must make studying easier. 19 B: Sure! It saves time and helps me understand things better. 20 A: That’s great! I can’t wait to try it. 五、短文填空 People in Sweden no longer need to pay for plastic bags when they go shopping. On November 1, the government ended its tax (税) on plastic bags, which was about $0.26 per bag, though some stores charged (收费) even higher prices. The government said that the use of plastic bags 21 (drop) greatly since the tax was introduced in 2020, and it believes the tax is no 22 (long) necessary. 23 , some worry that the use of plastic bags might go up again now that they are free, which could lead to more trash and environmental 24 (problem). In 2019, before shoppers had to pay 25 their bags, people in Sweden used 74 plastic bags per person every year. In 2023, they used 17 per person every year, which is much lower than the 26 (Europe) Union (欧盟) goal of 40 per person every year. But many people, including Sweden’s Environmental Protection Agency, think the tax should have been kept for longer. It is 27 (real) hoped that people will keep 28 (use) their own bags when shopping to help the environment. The agency said: “We don’t know what will happen now.” It added that it hoped stores and markets would still encourage people to bring 29 (they) own bags. The government said earlier that the tax had “certain bad effects (影响)”, such as 30 increase in the use of paper bags, and an increased need to buy more plastic bags for trash cans at home. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit6 Look into science 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、科技与工业(印刷、电子、工业、基因相关) 1.printing (印刷;印刷术) Printing changed people’s life long ago.(印刷术很久以前就改变了人们的生活。) 2.industrial (工业的;产业的) This is an industrial city.(这是一座工业城市。) 3.revolution (革命;巨变) The computer brought a great revolution.(计算机带来了一场巨大的变革。) 4.electronic (电子的) Many kids like electronic games.(很多孩子喜欢电子游戏。) 5.gene (基因) Your gene can influence your looks.(你的基因会影响你的外貌。) 6.genetic (基因的;遗传学的) Some diseases come from genetic reasons.(有些疾病来源于基因方面的原因。) 7.blueprint (蓝图;方案) They showed us the blueprint of the new house.(他们给我们展示新房子的蓝图。) 8.navigation (导航;航行) This phone has good navigation.(这部手机导航功能很好。) 二、人物与亲属(家人、读者、人际互动) 1.reader (读者;阅读器;读本) He is a careful reader of this magazine.(他是这本杂志的细心读者。) 2.twin (双胞胎之一) My twin sister likes drawing.(我的双胞胎姐姐喜欢画画。) 3.relative (亲戚;亲属;比较的;相关联的) I will visit my relative this weekend.(这周末我要去看望我的一位亲戚。) 4.distant ((亲属关系)远的;遥远的) We have a distant relative in another city.(我们在另一座城市有一位远亲。) 5.living (活着的;居住的) He is one of the greatest living writers.(他是在世的最伟大作家之一。) 6.interact (相互作用;交流) Kids should interact with their classmates.(孩子们应该和同学们交流互动。) 三、物品与材料(容器、建材、日常物件) 1.jar (广口瓶;罐子) I put the candies into a jar.(我把糖果放进一个广口瓶里。) 2.cardboard (硬纸板) He made a box with cardboard.(他用硬纸板做了一个盒子。) 3.raincoat (雨衣) Take your raincoat because it may rain.(带上你的雨衣,可能会下雨。) 4.tablet (简;碑;药片) You should take one tablet after meals.(你应该饭后吃一片药片。) 5.platform (平台;舞台) She stood on the platform and gave a speech.(她站在舞台上发表演讲。) 6.bill (账单;纸币;法案) Please pay the bill before you leave.(离开前请付账单。) 四、文本信息(文章、编辑、访问、书本相关) 1.text (文本;文章;课文) Please read the short text carefully.(请仔细阅读这篇短文。) 2.edit (修改;编辑;编纂) She will edit this short article for me.(她会帮我修改这篇短文。) 3.access (使用;进入;访问;通道;入径) You can access the room with this key.(你可以用这把钥匙进入这个房间。) 4.accessible (可使用的) The books are accessible to all students.(所有学生都可以使用这些书。) 五、行为动作(做事、变化、请求、处理) 1.shall ((在疑问句中同 I 和 we 连用,表示提出或征求意见);将要) Shall we go for a walk?(我们去散步好吗?) 2.conclude (得出结论;结束) We can conclude that he is right.(我们可以得出结论,他是对的。) 3.lower (降低;减少;把…… 放低;下方的) Please lower your voice in the library.(在图书馆请压低你的声音。) 4.repeat (重复;重做) Could you please repeat your words?(你能重复一遍你的话吗?) 5.identify (辨认;找到) Can you identify your bag among these ones?(你能在这些包里面辨认出你的吗?) 6.booking (预订;预约) I made a booking for the hotel yesterday.(我昨天完成了酒店的预订。) 7.review (复习;评论;回顾) I need to review my lessons tonight.(今晚我需要复习功课。) 六、描述与环境(环境、数量、程度、性质) 1.upside (正面) Please turn the paper upside up.(请把纸张翻到正面。) 2.tightly (紧紧地;牢固地) She held her bag tightly.(她紧紧地攥住她的包。) 3.widespread (普遍的) This kind of sport is widespread in our country.(这项运动在我国十分普遍。) 4.movable (可移动的) This is a movable desk for students.(这是一张学生用的可移动课桌。) 5.quantity (数量;数目) We need a large quantity of water.(我们需要大量的水。) 6.general (一般的;普通的) This is just a general idea.(这只是一个普通的想法。) 7.available (可获得的;有空的) Is the teacher available now?(老师现在有空吗?) 8.further (进一步;较远(far 的比较级);此外;更进一步的) We need further help from you.(我们需要你进一步的帮助。) 9.increasingly (越来越多地;不断增加地) People increasingly care about health.(人们越来越多地关注健康。) 10.strongly (深刻地;强地) I strongly agree with your opinion.(我非常赞同你的观点。) 11.complicated (复杂的) Don’t ask me such a complicated question.(不要问我这么复杂的问题。) 12.regardless (不顾) He kept running regardless of the hot sun.(不顾烈日,他继续奔跑。) 13.climate (气候;风气) The climate here is warm all year round.(这里全年气候温暖。) 短 语 一、动词短语 1.pour out(倾泻) Water poured out from the broken cup.(水从破碎的杯子里倾泻出来。) 2.date back to(追溯到) This old building dates back to the 18th century.(这座古老的建筑追溯到 18 世纪。) 3.interact with(与…… 相互作用) Chemicals interact with each other in the experiment.(化学物质在实验中相互作用。) 4.do with(利用;处理) I don’t know what to do with these old books.(我不知道该怎么处理这些旧书。) 5.benefit from(得益于) Many students benefit from afterschool reading.(许多学生得益于课外阅读。) 二、介词 & 固定搭配短语 1.upside down(倒置) The boy held the bottle upside down.(男孩把瓶子倒置过来。) 2.a means of(一种手段或方法) Writing is a means of expressing our feelings.(写作是表达我们情感的一种手段。) 3.in large quantities(大批地;大量地) They buy paper in large quantities.(他们大批地采购纸张。) 4.at lower costs(以更低的成本) Factories produce goods at lower costs.(工厂以更低的成本生产商品。) 5.except for(除了) The room is clean except for one dirty chair.(除了一把脏椅子,房间很干净。) 6.regardless of(不顾;不管) He will take part in the game regardless of bad weather.(不管天气恶劣,他都要参加比赛。) 三、连接 & 时间类短语 1.as time goes on(随着时间流逝) As time goes on, we know more about the world.(随着时间流逝,我们对世界了解更多。) 2.in the coming years(在未来几年中) People will use more new energy in the coming years.(在未来几年中人们会使用更多新能源。) 3.what’s more(另外;更重要的是) This book is interesting. What’s more, it is cheap.(这本书很有趣,另外,它还很便宜。) 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、提出猜想与开展实验 1.Can you guess what will happen?(你能猜到会发生什么吗?) 2.I think the floor will get wet.(我认为地板会被弄湿。) 3.I don’t think so.(我不这么认为。) 4.Shall we do the experiment and find out?(我们做实验来弄清楚好吗?) 5.How is that possible?(这怎么可能呢?) 6.What have we discovered?(我们发现了什么?) 二、描述事物发展、历史与科技影响 1.The history of books dates back to ancient times when people recorded information on various materials.(书的历史可以追溯到古人在各类材料上记录信息的时代。) 2.As time went on, written texts became more widespread.(随着时间流逝,书面文字变得更加普及。) 3.It allows readers to access books using electronic devices such as computers and ereaders.(它让读者可以使用电脑、电子阅读器这类电子设备阅读书籍。) 4.Technology has changed the way we live, work, learn, and communicate.(科技改变了我们生活、工作、学习以及交流的方式。) 5.Science has a big impact on our lives in many ways and it’s everywhere around us.(科学在很多方面对我们的生活产生巨大影响,它无处不在。) 6.This belief led to many great discoveries of modern science.(这一理念带来了现代科学的诸多重大发现。) 三、表达客观事实、对比与补充说明 1.All these things are strongly influenced by your DNA before you were born.(所有这些特征在你出生前就受到 DNA 的巨大影响。) 2.Except for some twins, each living thing has its own unique DNA.(除部分双胞胎之外,每个生物都拥有自己独一无二的 DNA。) 3.It’s not just our personal lives that benefit from technology — our environment does too!(不仅仅是我们的个人生活受益于科技,我们的环境同样如此!) 4.What’s more, using digital books also helps save trees, making them a more environmentally friendly option.(此外,使用电子书还有助于保护树木,让它成为更环保的选择。) 5.Without science, we wouldn’t have vaccines that protect us from diseases.(没有科学,我们就不会拥有保护我们抵御疾病的疫苗。) 6.As about one fifth of the air is made up of oxygen, the water rises and fills about one fifth of the jar.(因为大约五分之一的空气由氧气构成,水就会上升,占据罐子五分之一的空间。) 语法 被动语态 写作 围绕身边的科学,可写科学实验、科技发展、科学现象以及科学家故事,体会科学对人类生活的影响。 一、知识点精讲 1. access v. 使用;进入;访问 n. 通道;入径 【词形变形】access v./n. → accessible adj. 可使用的;可到达的 【句型】 1 access sth. 使用 / 访问某物   You can access the books on the computer. 你可以在电脑上查阅这些书籍。 2 be accessible to sb. 对某人来说可使用   The library is accessible to all students. 所有学生都可以使用这座图书馆。 2. edit v. 修改;编辑;编纂 【词形变形】edit v. → editor n. 编辑;编者 → edition n. 版本 【句型】 ① edit sth. 编辑 / 修改某物   She will edit this article for me. 她会帮我修改这篇文章。 3. conclude v. 得出结论;结束 【词形变形】conclude v. → conclusion n. 结论 【句型】 1 conclude that… 得出结论……  We can conclude that science changes our life. 我们可以得出结论:科学改变我们的生活。 2 draw a conclusion 得出结论   He drew a conclusion from the experiment. 他从实验中得出一个结论。 4. lower v. 降低;减少;把……放低 adj. 下方的 【词形变形】lower v./adj. → low adj. 低的(原级) 【句型】 1 lower one’s voice 压低声音   Please lower your voice in the lab. 在实验室请压低你的声音。 5. repeat v. 重复;重做 【词形变形】repeat v. → repetition n. 重复 【句型】 1 repeat sth. 重复某事   Could you please repeat your question? 你能重复一遍你的问题吗? 6. identify v. 辨认;找到 【词形变形】identify v. → identification n. 识别;身份证明 【句型】 1 identify sth./sb. 辨认某物 / 某人   Can you identify your bag? 你能辨认出你的包吗? 2 identify…as… 把……识别为……  Scientists identify this thing as DNA. 科学家把这种物质识别为 DNA。 7. widespread adj. 普遍的;广泛传播的 【词形变形】widespread adj. → spread v. 传播(原形) 【句型】 1 be widespread in… 在……很普遍   This custom is widespread in our country. 这个习俗在我国十分普遍。 8. quantity n. 数量;数目 【词形变形】quantity n. → quantitive adj. 数量的 【句型】 1 a large quantity of 大量的   We need a large quantity of clean water. 我们需要大量干净的水。 9. available adj. 可获得的;有空的 【词形变形】available adj. → availability n. 可用性 【句型】 1 be available 可获得的;有空的   Is the doctor available now? 医生现在有空吗? 10. further adj./adv. 进一步;较远(far 比较级);此外 【词形变形】far → further/farther(比较级)→ furthest/farthest(最高级) 【易混辨析】further(抽象进一步) vs farther(物理距离更远) 【句型】 1 further help 进一步的帮助   We need further support from you. 我们需要你进一步的支持。 11. increasingly adv. 越来越多地;不断增加地 【词形变形】increasingly adv. → increase v./n. 增加 【句型】 1 increasingly + 动词 越来越……  People increasingly pay attention to science. 人们越来越多地关注科学。 12. strongly adv. 深刻地;强烈地 【词形变形】strongly adv. → strong adj. 强烈的;强大的 【句型】 1 strongly agree with… 非常赞同……  I strongly agree with your idea. 我非常赞同你的观点。 13. complicated adj. 复杂的 【词形变形】complicated adj. → complicate v. 使复杂化 【句型】 1 a complicated question 一个复杂的问题   Don’t ask me such a complicated problem. 不要问我这么复杂的问题。 14. regardless adv. 不顾 【固定搭配】regardless of 不顾;不管 【句型】 1 regardless of + 名词 不管……  He kept working regardless of the bad weather. 不管天气恶劣,他继续工作。 15. climate n. 气候;风气 【易混辨析】climate(长时间气候) vs weather(短时间天气) 【句型】 1 The climate here is… 这里的气候是…… The climate here is warm all year round. 这里全年气候温暖。 二、核心语法精讲 一般将来时的被动语态 【定义】 一般将来时的被动语态,表示发生在将来的被动动作,主语是动作的承受者,不是动作的发出者。 【用法】 1.描述将来要被完成的动作; 2.不知道、不必说出动作执行者是谁的时候使用; 3.强调主语是动作的承受对象。 【句型结构】 一般将来时被动语态共有 3 种结构:shall/will be done、be going to be done、be to be done; 结构 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 shall/will be done 主语 + will/shall be doneShe will be greatly missed. 主语 + will/shall not be doneShe will not be greatly missed. Will/Shall + 主语 + be done?Will she be greatly missed?答:Yes, she will./No, she won’t. 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句Why will she be greatly missed? be going to be done 主语 + be (am/is/are) going to be doneSome old buildings are going to be put down. 主语 + be (am/is/are)+not going to be doneThe problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. Be (am/is/are)+ 主语 + going to be done?Are these trees going to be cut down?答:Yes, they are./No, they aren’t. 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句When are these trees going to be cut down? be to be done 主语 + be (am/is/are) to be doneThe sports meeting is to be held on April 10. 主语 + be (am/is/are)+not to be doneThe machines are not to be repaired tonight. Be (am/is/are)+ 主语 + to be done?Are new textbooks to be published next week?答:Yes, they are./No, they aren’t. 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句When are new textbooks to be published? 【特别注意】 1.done必须是及物动词的过去分词,不及物动词无被动语态。 2.动语态中 be 动词有人称、数的变化,要和主语保持一致。 3.shall多用于第一人称 (I/we);will各种人称都可以使用。 4.be to be done多用来表示计划、安排好将来要被做的事。 5.主动变被动:主动句的宾语变被动句主语;谓语变为对应将来时被动结构;主动句主语可由 by 引出,可省略。 三、单元写作清单 (一)话题分析 【核心话题】科学与生活、趣味科学实验、科技发展的影响、科学的价值 【常考题目】1.An Interesting Science Experiment(一次有趣的科学实验)——记叙文 2.Science Is Around Us(科学就在我们身边)——观点类作文 3.How Technology Changes Our Life(科技改变生活)——议论文 4.The Magic of Science(科学的魅力)——抒情观点文 【写作立意】 生活处处有科学,科学实验有趣且有意义,科技造福人类、推动社会进步,我们要善于观察、勇于探索科学。 (二)写作框架 【实验记叙文】 第一段:开篇引入(总起,点明实验主题+感受) 生活中有很多有趣的科学现象,我最近做了一个神奇的科学实验,让我收获满满。 第二段:实验过程(步骤清晰,用上单元短语) 简单介绍实验准备→具体操作过程→观察到的实验现象。 第三段:原理+收获(升华主题) 解释实验蕴含的科学原理,写出自己的感悟:科学很神奇,我们要善于观察、动手探索。 【观点议论文(科学/科技类)】 第一段:总观点 Science is very important in our daily life.(科学在我们的生活中至关重要。) 第二段:分点论证 1. 科学让生活更便利(科技、书籍发展); 2. 科学助力健康、保护环境; 3. 生活处处有科学实验与科学现象。 第三段:总结升华 我们要热爱科学、学习科学,用科学改变生活、创造未来。 (三)素材积累 【开头句】 1.Science is everywhere around us.(科学无处不在。) 2.Our life has been greatly changed by science and technology.(科技极大地改变了我们的生活。) 3.It is amazing to discover science in our daily life.(在生活中发现科学十分奇妙。) 【中间句】 1.As time goes on, science develops fast and brings us many advantages.(随着时间流逝,科学快速发展,带给我们诸多便利。) 2.We can benefit a lot from modern technology.(我们能从现代科技中受益匪浅。) 3.Technology helps us communicate with others regardless of distance.(科技帮我们跨越距离与人交流。) 4.What’s more, science helps us protect our environment.(此外,科学助力我们保护环境。) 5.Many ancient inventions date back to thousands of years ago.(许多古老发明可以追溯到数千年前。) 【结尾句】 1.Science makes our life better and better.(科学让我们的生活越来越好。) 2.We should learn science well and explore the world bravely.(我们要学好科学,勇敢探索世界。) 3.I believe science will create a brighter future for us.(我相信科学会为我们创造更美好的未来。) 【短语积累】 1.as time goes on 随着时间流逝 2.benefit from 得益于 3.regardless of 不管 4.what’s more 此外 5.in the coming years 在未来几年中 (四)范文背诵 范文一:实验记叙文 An Interesting Science Experiment Science is full of magic and it is always around us. I recently did a wonderful water experiment, and it taught me a lot. First, I prepared a jar, a piece of cardboard and some water. I filled the jar with water and covered its top with the cardboard. Then I turned the jar upside down slowly. I was worried that the water would pour out. But to my surprise, the water stayed in the jar and did not fall down at all. Later I learned the principle. The air pressure is strong enough to hold the water in the jar. This experiment is simple but meaningful. From this experiment, I know science is amazing. In the coming years, I will observe life carefully and learn more science knowledge to explore the world. 范文二:观点议论文 Science Is Around Us Science plays an important role in our daily life. It changes our life in many ways. As time goes on, science and technology develop rapidly. They bring us great convenience. We can study online, shop online and communicate with friends easily regardless of distance. Many people benefit from modern technology. What’s more, science helps us protect the environment and keep healthy. The history of books and many great inventions all date back to ancient times, which shows the power of science. In my opinion, science makes our life more comfortable and wonderful. We should love science, study it hard and use it to create a better future. 易错点 01:被动语态易错:不及物动词无被动语态 【助记口诀】 及物动词才有被,不及物动词无被动; 不及物要表被动,换用主动表被动。 【错因辨析】 1.被动语态结构be done中,done 必须是及物动词过去分词,后面可以接宾语;happen、appear、take place、occur 等不及物动词 / 短语没有宾语,不能用于被动语态。 2.拓展:有些动词如 sell、read,主动形式可以表达被动含义:The book sells well. 这本书卖得很好。 【一句话辨异】 句子有被动含义,先看动词是否及物;不及物动词不用 be done,只用主动形式。 【对点训练】 1. The great change ______ in our hometown in the past ten years. A. was taken place B. took place C. was happened D. happened to 【答案】B 【解析】take place、happen 均为不及物,无被动,排除 A、C;happen to 后要接宾语,故选 B。 易错点 02:be to be done结构辨析,混淆 be to do 和 be to be done 【助记口诀】 be to do 表计划,主动要看主语啥; 主语若是承受者,就要写成 be to be done。 【错因辨析】 1.be to do:主语是动作发出者,表计划要做; 2.be to be done:主语是动作承受者,表计划将要被做; 【一句话辨异】 判断主语是做动作,还是承受动作,决定用be to do还是be to be done。 【对点训练】 1. A new library ______ in our school next term. A. is to build B. to be built C. is to be built D. will build 【答案】C 【解析】library 是被建造,需要谓语动词,使用 be to be done 结构,故选 C。 易错点 03:quantity短语主谓一致:a large quantity of /large quantities of 【助记口诀】 quantity 看量词不看名,单复由 quantity 定; a large quantity 用单数,large quantities 用复数。 【错因辨析】 1. a large quantity of +名词,谓语动词用单数; 2. large quantities of +名词,无论后面名词可数不可数,谓语动词都用复数。 【一句话辨异】 主谓一致看 quantity 的单复数,不要看后面的名词。 【对点训练】 1. Large quantities of information ______ on the Internet. A. is found B. are found C. finds D. are finding 【答案】B 【解析】quantities 为复数,谓语用复数;信息是被找到,使用被动语态,故选 B。 易错点 04:regardless of固定搭配,漏写 of 【助记口诀】 regardless 是副词,后面不能直接接物; 要加 of 再接名词,“不管、不顾” 要记住。 【错因辨析】 1. regardless副词,不能直接接名词 / 代词;必须搭配介词of,构成短语regardless of +名词。 【一句话辨异】 regardless 不能直接加宾语,介词 of 千万不能丢。 【对点训练】 1. He will go on with his plan ______ the difficulty. A. regardless B. without of C. regardless of D. without 【答案】C 【解析】regardless of 为固定短语,意为 “不管,不顾”,故选 C。 易错点 05:be accessible to介词搭配错误,误用 for 【助记口诀】 accessible 表可获得,后面介词用 to; be accessible to sb,对某人可使用。 【错因辨析】 1. accessible adj.可获得的、可使用的,固定搭配 be accessible to sb 对某人来说可得到 / 可使用;不能用 for。 【一句话辨异】 to 表示对象,“对…… 而言”,固定搭配 be accessible to sb。 【对点训练】 1. The new library ______ all the students in our school. A. is accessible for B. accessible to C. is accessible to D. access to 【答案】C 【解析】固定搭配 be accessible to,句子缺少谓语 be 动词,故选 C。 易错点 06:identify …as固定搭配,混淆介词 【助记口诀】 identify 把… 认作为,后面介词 as 要配对; identify sb/sth as,识别某物为。 【错因辨析】 1. identify v. 辨认;识别;固定搭配identify …as…把…… 识别为……,不要用 with。 【一句话辨异】 as 表示 “作为”,identify…as… 识别…… 为……。 【对点训练】 1. People ______ this plant ______ a new kind of medicine. A. identify; for B. identify; as C. recognize; for D. realize; to 【答案】B 【解析】identify…as… 固定搭配,把…… 识别为……,故选 B。 易错点 07:further和farther辨析 【助记口诀】 far 有两个比较级,farther 指距离; further 表抽象义,进一步的用 further。 【错因辨析】 1. farther:侧重物理距离更远; 2. further:侧重抽象含义:进一步的,额外的,本单元further help进一步的帮助,抽象概念只能用 further。 【一句话辨异】 距离更远用 farther,抽象 “进一步” 用 further。 【对点训练】 1. We need ______ information about this science project. A. farther B. further C. farer D. more farther 【答案】B 【解析】information 为抽象概念,further 表示 “进一步的”;farer 形式错误,farther 指实际距离,故选 B。 一、单项选择 1.Many new factories ________ in our city next year. A.build B.will build C.are built D.will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意:明年我们市将建造许多新工厂。 主语“Many new factories”与动词“build”之间是被动关系,工厂是被建造的,要用被动语态;由“next year”可知要用一般将来时,结构为“will be+过去分词”。应填will be built。 2.—I hope not to forget my promise to come to your party next Friday. —Don’t worry. You will ________ the time one day earlier. A.remind B.be reminded C.remind of D.be reminded of 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——我希望不要忘记我下周五来参加你的聚会的承诺。——别担心。你会提前一天被提醒时间的。 主语“You”与动词remind之间是被动关系,结合空格前“will”,此处需用一般将来时的被动语态“will be done”结构;固定搭配remind sb. of sth.意为“提醒某人某事”,变为被动语态时介词of不能省略,后接“the time”,应填be reminded of。 3.Astronomers use telescopes to explore planets, stars, and galaxies ________ away. A.far B.farther C.farthest D.further 【答案】A 【详解】句意:天文学家使用望远镜去探索遥远的行星、恒星和星系。 far遥远的;farther更远的;farthest最远的;further更进一步的。根据固定短语far away意为“遥远的”,且句中无比较语境,可知此处应用原级far。 4.Please ________ the sentence so everyone can hear clearly. A.repeat B.identify C.edit D.review 【答案】A 【详解】句意:请重复这个句子,以便每个人都能听清楚。 repeat重复;identify识别;edit编辑;review复习。根据“so everyone can hear clearly”可知,为了让每个人听清,需要重复句子,应填repeat。 5.You need an account ________ this website. A.access B.to access C.accessing D.accessed 【答案】B 【详解】句意:你需要一个账号来访问这个网站。 need sth to do sth“需要某物来做某事”,是固定短语,因此填不定式to access。 二、完形填空 阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处最佳选项。 Imagine knowing everything about your food with just one scan (扫描) . The future is now closer in China. On Sept 8, China made new rules for digital labels (数字标签) on prepackaged food. In the past, food labels were small. They did not 6 enough information. Now, food packages will have a QR code (二维码) as a “digital label”. It can show what the food is made of, 7 it comes from, and how to eat it. People can scan the code with their 8 . Then, a page will open. On the page, they can make it larger with their fingers to read the text. The page also has a voice tool to read the information out 9 . Some pages even include short videos with an 10 . The change makes shopping smarter and healthier for everyone. 6.A.expect B.provide C.spare D.pull 7.A.when B.whom C.where D.which 8.A.phones B.computers C.radios D.flashes 9.A.slowly B.loud C.secretly D.fast 10.A.instrument B.interest C.introduction D.invention 【答案】6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国关于预包装食品数字标签的新规定,二维码可展示食品信息及语音功能,使购物更智能健康。 【详解】6.句意:它们没有提供足够的信息。 前一句交代了背景“food labels were small”,由于物理空间的限制,这些小标签自然无法“提供”详尽的信息。provide“提供”符合语境;expect“期望”、spare“抽出/留下”、pull“拉”均不符合标签与信息之间的动作搭配。 7.句意:它可以显示食物是由什么制成的,它来自哪里,以及如何食用它。 这里是一个由and连接的三个并列的宾语从句。第一个是“what the food is made of”,第三个是“how to eat it”。空格所在从句是“___ it comes from”,结合常识,了解食品除了成分和吃法,最重要的就是产地,即“它从哪里来”。where“哪里”符合语境;when“何时”、whom“谁(宾格)”、which“哪一个”均不符合询问来源地的语意。 8.句意:人们可以用他们的手机扫描这个二维码。 前一句提到了“QR code”,并且该句的动词是“scan”。在现代生活中,消费者扫描二维码使用的最普遍工具就是“手机”。phones“手机”符合常识与语境;computers“电脑”、radios“收音机”、flashes“闪光灯”均不符合。 9.句意:这个页面还有一个语音工具,可以大声读出信息。 原文提到了“voice tool”和“read the information out”,语音播报的目的是为了让人听见,固定搭配read out loud表示“大声朗读”。loud“大声地”符合语境;slowly“缓慢地”、secretly“秘密地”、fast“快速地”均不是形容语音播报使信息清晰可闻的最典型特征。 10.句意:一些页面甚至包含了带有介绍的短视频。 前面一直在讲数字标签如何详细地展示食品的各种信息,现在更进一步(even include),不仅有文字和声音,还有视频。这些视频的内容自然也是为了向消费者“介绍”产品。introduction“介绍”符合语境;instrument“乐器/仪器”、interest“兴趣/利息”、invention“发明”均不符合食品说明视频的内容属性。 三、单词拼写 11.The project should raise ________ (普遍的) interest in science. 【答案】general 【详解】句意:这个项目应该引起人们对科学的普遍兴趣。“普遍的”用general表达,是形容词修饰名词interest“兴趣”,作定语。 12.Remember to put on your ________ (雨衣) when you go outside. 【答案】raincoat 【详解】句意:记得出门时穿上你的雨衣。括号内中文提示“雨衣”对应英文“raincoat”,为可数名词单数,前有形容词性物主代词“your”修饰,直接填原形即可。 13.But at that time, there were only a few books ________ (可获得的) in his village. 【答案】available 【详解】句意:但在那时,他的村子里只有很少的几本书可用。空格前的books是名词,空格后的“in his village”是介词短语作地点状语,名词books后面需要形容词作后置定语来修饰,括号里给的中文“可获得的”提示填形容词,所以用available。   14.She learned how to ________ (编辑) texts on the computer. 【答案】edit 【详解】句意:她学会了如何在电脑上编辑文本。空格在“how to”之后,需填动词原形;中文提示“编辑”对应英文“edit”,且“how to edit”表示“如何编辑”,符合句意。 15.The city is especially famous for its comfortable ________ (气候) all over the country. 【答案】climate 【详解】句意:这座城市在全国尤其以它宜人的气候闻名。根据中文提示可知,“气候”对应的英文是climate,是不可数名词,此处指这座城市独有的气候,直接填climate。 四、补全对话 A: Hi, Kevin! You seem really excited today! 16 B: Yes! Our school just started using an AI study assistant in the computer room. A: Really? 17 B: It can help us review lessons, check mistakes, and even give personal study advice. A: Sounds amazing! 18 B: I used it to practise English reading. It explained difficult words clearly and gave me a short test. A: Wow, that must make studying easier. 19 B: Sure! It saves time and helps me understand things better. 20 A: That’s great! I can’t wait to try it. 【答案】16.Is there anything special? 17.What can it do? 18.How did you use it? 19.Does it really help you? 20.You can also have a try. 【导语】本文是A和Kevin两人的对话,对话中主要谈论了学校新投入使用的AI学习助手,介绍了它的功能、Kevin的使用经历以及它带来的帮助,最后A也想要试一试这个工具。 【详解】16.根据前句“You seem really excited today!”和后句“Yes!”,可知此处应是一般疑问句,询问是否发生了特别的事情,所以可以填Is there anything special? 17.根据后句“It can help us review lessons, check mistakes, and even give personal study advice.”,可知此处应是特殊疑问句,询问这个人工智能学习助手能够做什么,所以可以填What can it do? 18.根据后句“I used it to practise English reading. It explained difficult words clearly and gave me a short test.”,可知此处应是特殊疑问句,询问对方如何使用这个工具,答句为一般过去时,问句也用一般过去时,所以可以填How did you use it? 19.根据后句“Sure! It saves time and helps me understand things better.”,可知此处应是一般疑问句,询问它是否真的对对方有帮助,所以可以填Does it really help you? 20.根据后句“That’s great! I can’t wait to try it.”,可知此处应是提出建议,建议对方也试一试,所以可以填You can also have a try. 五、短文填空 People in Sweden no longer need to pay for plastic bags when they go shopping. On November 1, the government ended its tax (税) on plastic bags, which was about $0.26 per bag, though some stores charged (收费) even higher prices. The government said that the use of plastic bags 21 (drop) greatly since the tax was introduced in 2020, and it believes the tax is no 22 (long) necessary. 23 , some worry that the use of plastic bags might go up again now that they are free, which could lead to more trash and environmental 24 (problem). In 2019, before shoppers had to pay 25 their bags, people in Sweden used 74 plastic bags per person every year. In 2023, they used 17 per person every year, which is much lower than the 26 (Europe) Union (欧盟) goal of 40 per person every year. But many people, including Sweden’s Environmental Protection Agency, think the tax should have been kept for longer. It is 27 (real) hoped that people will keep 28 (use) their own bags when shopping to help the environment. The agency said: “We don’t know what will happen now.” It added that it hoped stores and markets would still encourage people to bring 29 (they) own bags. The government said earlier that the tax had “certain bad effects (影响)”, such as 30 increase in the use of paper bags, and an increased need to buy more plastic bags for trash cans at home. 【答案】 21.has dropped 22.longer 23.However 24.problems 25.for 26.European 27.really 28.using 29.their 30.an 【导语】本文介绍瑞典取消塑料袋税这一政策,对比塑料袋税实施前后人均塑料袋使用量的变化,同时阐述该政策带来的不同看法以及塑料袋税存在的一些弊端。 【详解】21.句意:政府称,自2020年这项税收推出以来,塑料袋的使用量已经大幅下降,并且政府认为这项税收不再有必要。时间状语“since the tax was introduced in 2020”表示动作从过去开始持续到现在,宾语从句使用现在完成时,结构为have/has+动词的过去分词,主语“the use of plastic bags”为单数,助动词用has,drop的过去分词为dropped。故填has dropped。 22.句意:政府称,自2020年这项税收推出以来,塑料袋的使用量已经大幅下降,并且政府认为这项税收不再有必要。结合上文“塑料袋的使用已经大幅下降”以及“is no…(long) necessary”可知,此处指这项税收不再有必要,no longer为固定搭配,表示“不再”,符合题意。故填longer。 23.句意:然而,一些人担心塑料袋免费之后,塑料袋使用量可能再次上升,这会造成更多垃圾和环境问题。前文说政府认为税收不再有必要,后文说有些人担心使用量上升,前后为转折关系,空格位于句首,且空后有逗号,需用副词However。 24.句意:然而,一些人担心塑料袋免费之后,塑料袋使用量可能再次上升,这会造成更多垃圾和环境问题。problem是可数名词,前面没有限定词,结合“more trash”可知,此处用复数形式problems。 25.句意:2019年,在购物者需要为塑料袋付费之前,瑞典每人每年使用74个塑料袋。结合“pay…their bags”可知,此处表示为塑料袋付费,pay for sth为固定搭配,表示“为某物付费”,应用介词for。 26.句意:2023年,人均每年使用17个塑料袋,远低于欧盟设定的人均每年40个的目标。此处修饰名词“Union”,需要形容词,Europe对应的形容词European,表示“欧洲的”,专有名词首字母大写,故填European。 27.句意:人们真心希望在购物时继续使用自带袋子来保护环境。此处修饰动词“hoped”,需要副词;real对应的副词really,表示“真正地,真心地”,故填really。 28.句意:人们真心希望在购物时继续使用自带袋子来保护环境。结合“keep”以及“their own bags when shopping to help the environment”可知,此处指人们希望继续使用自带袋子,keep doing sth为固定搭配,表示“继续做某事”,因此空处需用use的动名词形式using。 29.句意:该机构补充说,希望商店和市场仍然鼓励人们带上他们自己的袋子。结合“own bags”可知,空处需用形容词性物主代词修饰“own bags”,应用their。 30.句意:政府早些时候表示,这项税收存在“一定负面影响”,比如纸袋使用量增加,家里垃圾桶需要购买更多塑料袋。increase此处是可数名词单数,发音以元音音素开头,an increase in…表示“……方面的增长”,应用不定冠词an。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 6 Look into  science(知识清单)英语新教材冀教版九年级上册
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Unit 6 Look into  science(知识清单)英语新教材冀教版九年级上册
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