Unit 4 Great People 语法填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材冀教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“伟大人物”话题为载体，构建“题型解读-技巧提炼-话题预测-考点突破”四维语法填空训练体系，融合语言能力与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |题型解读|10空设置规则|明确3-4无提示/6-7有提示词分布，考点不重复原则|从题型特征到解题框架，建立规则认知| |解题技巧|分类操作步骤|有提示词抓谓语非谓语/时态语态/词形变化，无提示词聚焦冠介连关系词，通读核对一致性|按提示词有无分层突破，形成可迁移解题流程| |命题预测|6大话题方向/11个核心考点|覆盖中外科学家事迹等主题，锁定时态、非谓语等高频考点|话题与考点双向关联，实现内容与语法融合| |题型专练|18篇梯度短文|精选南仁东、屠呦呦等人物素材，基础到拔高分层设题|以真实人物故事承载语法应用，提升思维品质与学习能力|

Unit 4 Great People 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——著名人物） 热点题型概览 核心模块 具体内容说明 题型解读 1. 语法填空固定设 10 个空，其中 3‑4 个为无提示词填空（盲填），6‑7 个为有提示词填空； 2. 10 个空格的考点一般不重复。 解题技巧 1. 有提示词：先区分谓语 / 非谓语，时态、语态、比较级要到位； 2. 名词辨单复数、代词看格，形容词 / 副词分清修饰对象； 3. 无提示词：填冠词、介词、连词、关系词，两句话相连优先找连词或定语从句关系词； 4. 做完通读全文，核对时态一致、主谓一致、逻辑通顺。 命题预测 - 单元话题 本单元核心话题：Great People（伟大人物），命题围绕 6 大方向展开： 1. 中国科学家事迹（南仁东、袁隆平、屠呦呦、钱学森、郭永怀、钟扬等） 2. 外国杰出人物故事（居里夫人、诺贝尔、爱因斯坦、法拉第、南丁格尔等） 3. 人物生平与成长经历（出生、求学、奋斗过程） 4. 科研贡献与重大成就（发明、发现、获奖、技术突破） 5. 精神品质与价值（奉献、坚持、勇敢、爱国、永不放弃） 6. 人物带给后人的启示与学习感悟 命题预测 - 核心考点 高频预测考点：时态、语态、非谓语动词、定语从句关系词、形容词 / 副词转换、名词单复数、代词、冠词、介词、连词、固定短语 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 Nan Rendong was a Chinese scientist 1 is called the Father of FAST. FAST is the world’s largest telescope and it is also 2 (know) as China’s Sky Eye. It is used 3 (observe) the universe and can receive signals from stars that are 10 billion light years away. Nan Rendong spent about 22 years 4 this project to make it what it is today. He worked very hard and was 5 (devote) to his research. Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize. She was 6 (award) the 1903 Nobel Prize for Physics and the 1911 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Her research 7 (help) with the development of X-ray machines. 8 those machines, doctors could examine patients easily and saved many 9 (life) during World War I. She was 10 (true) one of the greatest scientists in human history. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空１个单词。      Marie is a famous woman in the world. She 1 (make) a lot of important contributions (贡献) to the development of humans. She was born in Poland 2 (介词) 1867. Her father worked 3 (介词) a middle school headmaster and taught math and physics, so she enjoyed and did well in these 4 (subject) at school. Marie went to study in Paris University in 1891. She studied math and physics there and met a scientist 5 (call) Pierre Curie. They got married in 1895. From then on, she was called Madame Curie. Together, Pierre and Marie discovered radium (镭).       In 1903, Marie became the 6 (one) woman to win the Nobel Prize. Then, in 1904, Pierre became a member of the “Academie Francaise” (法兰西学院). But Marie was not accepted by 7 (they) because women were not allowed to become members at that time. In 1906, Pierre died in 8 (冠词) accident, but Marie went on 9 (work) until she died in 1934.     Madame Curie is our hero. Not only did she discover radium but also won the Nobel Prize 10 (two) in her lifetime. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Everyone has heroes in their heart. Those inspiring people 1 (change) our life and inspire us all the time. I admire Yuan Longping very much. He is a great scientist 2 devoted all his life to rice research. He faced many difficulties, but he never stopped 3 (work). He was a person 4 was simple and kind. He wanted to solve the food problem for people. His hard work 5 (make) thousands of people have enough food to eat. I am greatly 6 (inspire) by his spirit. I think he is one of the greatest 7 (hero) in China. From him, I learn that nothing is difficult if we keep 8 (try). I will study harder and try my best 9 (improve) myself. I hope I can be a person 10 helps others in the future. Passage 4 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Guo Yonghuai was a world-famous Chinese space scientist. He 1 (win) high praise for his contribution (贡献) to the “Two Bombs and One Satellite (两弹一星)” project. Guo Yonghuai was 2 born scientist. He loved science and was always curious 3 everything around him. In the early 1930s, he attended university in Tianjin and later continued his studies at Peking University. In 1940, Guo Yonghuai went abroad for further study. In 1956, he returned to China 4 (work) for his own country. He worked hard and 5 (spend) most of his time on his job. He met with lots of challenges, but he was confident enough to face 6 (they). He always worked to high 7 (standard). He often said, “As scientists, we can’t be 8 careful.” After years of hard work, he became one of the 9 (pioneer) in the space field. 10 (sad), Guo Yonghuai passed away (去世) in an air crash in December 1968. Passage 5 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jin Haizu—Pioneer of High-Energy Batteries Jin Haizu is an outstanding new-energy scientist and the core technical leader of CATL. When she was a college student, she made up her mind 1 devote herself to battery research for aviation and robots. In 2012, Jin and her team started tough research. At that time, there 2 few mature high-energy battery materials in China. It was very difficult 3 them to break foreign technical barriers. Year after year, the group 4 (try) thousands of material experiments. Finally, they created domestic high-energy lithium batteries in 2018. Since then, their technology 5 widely used in planes and intelligent machines. Jin’s lifelong dream 6 to produce safer, cheaper batteries for all kinds of equipment. She keeps doing research even on holidays. Her experience tells us that if a person 7 (hold) a clear goal, great achievements can 8 (realize). Jin’s story teaches us 9 persistent efforts can break technical blockades. She firmly believes 10 every young researcher can make contributions to national tech development. Passage 6 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 On 7th September, 1950, some American officers arrived at Qian Xuesen’s home. They took him to 1 island and kept him there. They did this because Qian Xuesen was planning to return to China. Qian Xuesen had a successful career in the USA, but when he heard about the founding of the People’s Republic of China, he decided to go back 2 wanted to help his country himself. However, the USA refused to let him leave because he was a valuable scientist. Qian Xuesen did not give up. Finally, in 1955, he managed 3 (get) back to China. As soon as he returned, Qian Xuesen started a satellite and missile (导弹) programme. He worked day and night and 4 (he) hard work paid off. Five years later, he and his team 5 (success) tested the first Chinese missiles. In 1970, China sent the first satellite into space. This was the beginning 6 China’s space programme. A science centre in China 7 (build) with the help of Qian Xuesen as well. He trained many people there and they are now great rocket scientists themselves. The science centre has become one of the 8 (good) ones in the world. During his life, Qian Xuesen received a lot of 9 (award). In 1991, he received the award for National Outstanding Contributing Scientist. He 10 (die) in 2009. People always remember him as “the father of China’s missile and space programme”. Passage 7 On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken 1 the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life 2 (research) plants and seeds. Over the years, he collected many important seeds for China’s seed banks. These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, 3 (include) the ones we need for food, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear 4 the world forever. Zhong Yang 5 (be) born in 1964. When he was young, he showed a deep love and curiosity for the things he studied. He was 6 excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he studied radio engineering and later became 7 (interest) in plants. The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus of his life after he became a professor at Fudan University. It is important for seed banks 8 (include) many different kinds of seeds. When Zhong Yang discovered that there was not enough research of the seeds from Xizang, he went there to collect seeds himself. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work. Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. His love for his job and research lives on in his students. He once said, “My students will continue on the road of 9 (science) exploration and the seeds we have collected may grow 10 (hundred) of years from now.” Passage 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yuan Longping, known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻) ”, is one of the most 1 (inspire) scientists in modern China. Born in 1930, he spent most of his life 2 (study) rice and trying to find ways to produce more food. In the 1960s, China faced a serious 3 (hungry). Many people did not have enough food to eat. Yuan Longping believed that 4 was possible to develop a new kind of rice that could grow in different conditions. It was very difficult 5 him to do research at that time because there was not enough money or equipment. But he never gave up. After years of hard work, Yuan Longping succeeded 6 developing hybrid rice in 1973. This new kind of rice produced 20% more grain than traditional rice. It was 7 (amaze) that one man could help feed so many people. Today, hybrid rice 8 (grow) in many countries around the world. It has helped reduce hunger and poverty in many places. Yuan Longping once said, “My lifelong dream is to keep the rice dream 9 (live) and to help feed the world.” It was truly great 10 him to devote his whole life to this cause. Passage 9 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式 Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish 1 (invent), was born in Stockholm on 21st October 1833, but moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father, Immanuel Nobel, 2 (make) a strong position for himself in the engineering industry. Immanuel Nobel made a lot of money from the government, 3 went bankrupt(破产) soon after. Then, the family returned to Sweden in 1859, when Alfred began his own study of explosives(炸药) in his 4 (father) lab. He had never been to university but he taught 5 (him), and he became a 6 (chemistry) and excellent linguist when he was twenty. He could speak Swedish, Russian, German, 7 (France) and English. He built up lots of 8 (company) in different countries. He spent much time and money working on how to end the wars until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous will, in which he left money to provide prizes 9 outstanding(杰出的) work in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace, is a memorial(纪念) to his interests and ideas. And so, the man is remembered and respected long after his 10 (dead). Passage 10 用括号内单词的适当形式填空： I am a Grade 9 student who loves science. These days I 1 (learn) about Einstein in my science class. Einstein 2 (be) one of the greatest thinkers in the world. He 3 (discover) the theory of relativity. I 4 (admire) him very much because he never gave up even when he 5 (face) difficulties. Last week, I 6 (have) a science project to do. I 7 (not know) how to finish it at first. Then I 8 (remember) what Einstein did. I tried to look at the problem from different angles and finally 9 (find) a solution. Now I 10 (understand) that being creative and persistent is important. I hope I can be a great scientist like Einstein one day. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Tu Youyou, a great Chinese scientist, was born in 1930. Known as the “Mother of Artemisinin”, she 1 (devote) her life to the research of malaria treatment. In the 1960s, she was 2 (secret) selected to lead a team to find a cure. At that time, the task seemed impossible 3 many others had failed and the resources were limited. Tu and her team met huge 4 (challenge). They tested over 380 traditional recipes and 5 modern technology, they used simple tools. To avoid mistakes, they 6 (test) the medicine on themselves first. Although the project was stopped several times because they were short 7 funds, Tu never gave up. Their hard work finally 8 (pay) off when artemisinin was discovered. Tu’s name became known worldwide after she won the Nobel Prize. She felt proud 9 (serve) the Chinese people. In 2019, she received the Medal of the Republic for her extraordinary 10 (contribution). Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Who do you admire? There are many inspiring people in the world, and different people admire different 1 (one). My sister admires Florence Nightingale. She was a pioneer 2 modern nursing. During the war, she volunteered 3 a nurse to help the wounded soldiers. She created modern nursing and 4 (stop) the spread of diseases in hospitals. My father admires George Stephenson. He was a great scientist 5 made many important discoveries in the field of physics. He built the first British railways and 6 (develop) modern science. 7 for me, I admire Tu Youyou. She is a chemist 8 discovered artemisinin and won the Nobel Prize. It is her persistence 9 inspires me most. These people are all inspiring 10 their own ways. We should learn from their spirit and never give up. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are many inspiring people in the world 1 have changed our lives in different ways. Yuan Longping is the scientist 2 developed hybrid rice. He is admired by people all over the world 3 his great contributions to reducing hunger. Tu Youyou is the chemist 4 discovered artemisinin, a medicine 5 has saved millions of lives. She won the Nobel Prize in 2015. Florence Nightingale is the nurse 6 created modern nursing. She volunteered 7 (work) in hospitals during the war and helped the wounded soldiers. She is remembered as the pioneer 8 changed the way hospitals were run. These are the people 9 we should learn from. Their stories teach us 10 persistence and courage can make a great difference to the world. Passage 4 阅读短文，用所给词的适当形式填空或填入合适的单词，使短文通顺完整。 Yuan Longping is one of the most inspiring pioneers in China. He was born 1 1930. At an early age, he showed great interest in farming research. At that time, many people suffered from hunger, so he made up his mind 2 (help) people live a better life. He spent all his life 3 (do) research on hybrid rice. Even though he met lots of difficulties, he never gave up. Finally, he succeeded in 4 (develop) high-yield rice. His great discovery helped reduce hunger all over the world. He is a man full of courage and 5 (wise). He never cared about his personal fame. Above all, he always devoted himself to 6 (serve) the nation. His great spirit lives on today. We all look up 7 him. As students, we should learn from him, stop 8 (waste) food, and make sure 9 (study) hard. We hope we can play a big part 10 building our country in the future. Passage 5 阅读短文，用所给词的适当形式填空或填入合适单词。 Great people are always worth 1 (admire). They are true pioneers 2 science and society. Most of them began their dreams 3 an early age. They did lots of 4 (science) research and made important 5 (discover). They faced hunger, disease and difficulties, but they showed great 6 (brave) and wisdom. They kept 7 (fight) against problems and never gave up. Even though life was hard, they cared 8 their nation and people. Their spirit lives 9 forever. They play a big part 10 making our world better. We should learn from them. Passage 6 Tu Youyou is a world-famous Chinese medical scientist. She 1 (receive) the Nobel Prize in 2015 for artemisinin. She spent nearly all her life 2 traditional Chinese medicine. In the early days, she read ancient medical books and carried out lots of 3 (experiment). It was not easy to find the right way to get useful parts from plants. With strong 4 (will), she never gave up. Her great 5 (achieve) — artemisinin helps treat malaria well. She once took an oath 6 (serve) people with medical skills. People all over the world 7 (true) respect her. Her story teaches us that continuous efforts can lead to great 8 (invent). Her moving 9 (spirit) encourages young students to keep studying hard and make their own 10 (contribute) to the world. Passage 7 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Michael Faraday was a great British scientist 1 made important discoveries in physics and chemistry. He was born in 1791 in a poor family. He didn’t 2 (receive) a formal education because his family couldn’t afford it. However, Faraday had a strong desire to learn. He 3 (read) every book he could find and attended lectures by famous 4 (science) whenever he had the chance. One of Faraday’s 5 (big) contributions was the discovery of electromagnetic induction. This discovery made 6 possible to create electric generators, which changed the world. Even though Faraday didn’t have a formal education, he 7 (become) one of the greatest scientists in history. Faraday’s story 8 (inspire) millions of people. It shows us that we don’t need to be rich or 9 (talent) to achieve great things. What we need is the determination 10 (keep) learning and never give up. Passage 8 Yuan Longping is an inspiring pioneer that we all look up 1 . At an early age, he had a deep 2 . (discuss) about hunger with his teacher. Farmland shortage was a serious problem, so he decided 3 (fight) against hunger all his life. He worked on the sandy soil and made great 4 (discover). His research 5 (bring) great progress to farmers. In the past, many people lacked enough food, 6 now they can grow more corn. He treated every farmer 7 respect. Even though he met lots of trouble, he never gave up his dream 8 (realize). His 9 (kind) and wisdom teach us that we should care 10 people in need. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Great People 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——著名人物） 热点题型概览 核心模块 具体内容说明 题型解读 1. 语法填空固定设 10 个空，其中 3‑4 个为无提示词填空（盲填），6‑7 个为有提示词填空； 2. 10 个空格的考点一般不重复。 解题技巧 1. 有提示词：先区分谓语 / 非谓语，时态、语态、比较级要到位； 2. 名词辨单复数、代词看格，形容词 / 副词分清修饰对象； 3. 无提示词：填冠词、介词、连词、关系词，两句话相连优先找连词或定语从句关系词； 4. 做完通读全文，核对时态一致、主谓一致、逻辑通顺。 命题预测 - 单元话题 本单元核心话题：Great People（伟大人物），命题围绕 6 大方向展开： 1. 中国科学家事迹（南仁东、袁隆平、屠呦呦、钱学森、郭永怀、钟扬等） 2. 外国杰出人物故事（居里夫人、诺贝尔、爱因斯坦、法拉第、南丁格尔等） 3. 人物生平与成长经历（出生、求学、奋斗过程） 4. 科研贡献与重大成就（发明、发现、获奖、技术突破） 5. 精神品质与价值（奉献、坚持、勇敢、爱国、永不放弃） 6. 人物带给后人的启示与学习感悟 命题预测 - 核心考点 高频预测考点：时态、语态、非谓语动词、定语从句关系词、形容词 / 副词转换、名词单复数、代词、冠词、介词、连词、固定短语 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 Nan Rendong was a Chinese scientist 1 is called the Father of FAST. FAST is the world’s largest telescope and it is also 2 (know) as China’s Sky Eye. It is used 3 (observe) the universe and can receive signals from stars that are 10 billion light years away. Nan Rendong spent about 22 years 4 this project to make it what it is today. He worked very hard and was 5 (devote) to his research. Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize. She was 6 (award) the 1903 Nobel Prize for Physics and the 1911 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Her research 7 (help) with the development of X-ray machines. 8 those machines, doctors could examine patients easily and saved many 9 (life) during World War I. She was 10 (true) one of the greatest scientists in human history. 【答案】 1．who 2．known 3．to observe 4．on 5．devoted 6．awarded 7．helped 8．With 9．lives 10．truly 【导语】本文介绍两位伟大科学家：FAST之父南仁东、诺贝尔奖得主居里夫人，讲述二人科研贡献，赞扬他们卓越的科学成就。 【详解】1．句意：南仁东是一位被称作“FAST之父”的中国科学家。空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，先行词a Chinese scientist指人，可填入关系代词who。 2．句意：FAST是世界最大望远镜，也被称作中国天眼。固定搭配be known as意为“被称作……，作为……而闻名”。 3．句意：它被用于观测宇宙，能够接收百亿光年外星体信号。固定搭配be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”，故填to observe。 4．句意：南仁东花费约22年投身这个项目，造就如今的成就。固定搭配spend time on sth.意为“在某事上花费时间”。 5．句意：他工作勤勉，全身心投入研究。固定搭配be devoted to意为“致力于、全身心投入”。 6．句意：她被授予1903年诺贝尔物理学奖与1911年诺贝尔化学奖。主语She和动词award是被动关系，应用被动语态：be动词+过去分词，空前已有be动词was，空格处应填award的过去分词awarded。 7．句意：她的研究助力X光设备的发展。全文讲述过去事迹，用一般过去时，help变为过去式helped。 8．句意：有了那些机器，医生可以很方便地给病人做检查，在一战期间挽救了许多生命。“with+工具”表示“有了……，借助……”，此处表示“有了/借助那些机器”，句首首字母大写，故填With。 9．句意：有了那些机器，医生可以很方便地给病人做检查，在一战期间挽救了许多生命。many后接可数名词复数，life的复数形式是lives。 10．句意：她真的是人类历史上最伟大的科学家之一。此处需要副词作状语，true的副词形式是truly。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空１个单词。      Marie is a famous woman in the world. She 1 (make) a lot of important contributions (贡献) to the development of humans. She was born in Poland 2 (介词) 1867. Her father worked 3 (介词) a middle school headmaster and taught math and physics, so she enjoyed and did well in these 4 (subject) at school. Marie went to study in Paris University in 1891. She studied math and physics there and met a scientist 5 (call) Pierre Curie. They got married in 1895. From then on, she was called Madame Curie. Together, Pierre and Marie discovered radium (镭).       In 1903, Marie became the 6 (one) woman to win the Nobel Prize. Then, in 1904, Pierre became a member of the “Academie Francaise” (法兰西学院). But Marie was not accepted by 7 (they) because women were not allowed to become members at that time. In 1906, Pierre died in 8 (冠词) accident, but Marie went on 9 (work) until she died in 1934.     Madame Curie is our hero. Not only did she discover radium but also won the Nobel Prize 10 (two) in her lifetime. 【答案】 1．made 2．in 3．as 4．subjects 5．called 6．first 7．them 8．an 9．working 10．twice 【导语】本文介绍了著名科学家居里夫人（Marie Curie）的生平与成就。她出生于波兰，在巴黎大学学习物理和数学，与皮埃尔·居里结婚并共同发现镭。她于1903年成为首位获得诺贝尔奖的女性，丈夫去世后继续从事科学研究，一生中两次获得诺贝尔奖，是人类的英雄。 【详解】1．句意：她为人类的发展做出了许多重要贡献。描述过去的事实（was born提示过去时），make的过去式是made。 2．句意：她于1867年出生在波兰。表示年份前用介词in，in 1867意为“在1867年”。 3．句意：她的父亲担任中学校长，教授数学和物理，所以她在学校里喜欢这些学科，并且学得很好。表示“作为”，用介词as。固定搭配worked as意为“担任……工作”。 4．句意：她的父亲担任中学校长，教授数学和物理，所以她在学校里喜欢这些学科，并且学得很好。subject是可数名词，前面有these修饰，用复数形式subjects。 5．句意：她在那里学习数学和物理，并遇到了一位名叫皮埃尔·居里的科学家。此处用过去分词短语作定语修饰scientist，called意为“名叫……的”。 6．句意：1903年，玛丽成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性。定冠词the后接序数词，表示“第一位”，用序数词first。 7．句意：但玛丽没有被他们接纳，因为那时女性不被允许成为会员。介词by后面接人称代词作宾语时用宾格，they的宾格是them。 8．句意：1906年，皮埃尔在一次事故中去世，但玛丽继续工作，直到1934年去世。accident是以元音音素/æ/开头的可数名词单数，表示“一次事故”用不定冠词an。 9．句意：1906年，皮埃尔在一次事故中去世，但玛丽继续工作，直到1934年去世。go on doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，work的动名词是working。 10．句意：她不仅发现了镭，而且在有生之年两次获得了诺贝尔奖。表示“两次”，用two对应的副词形式twice。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Everyone has heroes in their heart. Those inspiring people 1 (change) our life and inspire us all the time. I admire Yuan Longping very much. He is a great scientist 2 devoted all his life to rice research. He faced many difficulties, but he never stopped 3 (work). He was a person 4 was simple and kind. He wanted to solve the food problem for people. His hard work 5 (make) thousands of people have enough food to eat. I am greatly 6 (inspire) by his spirit. I think he is one of the greatest 7 (hero) in China. From him, I learn that nothing is difficult if we keep 8 (try). I will study harder and try my best 9 (improve) myself. I hope I can be a person 10 helps others in the future. 【答案】 1．change 2．who 3．working 4．who 5．made 6．inspired 7．heroes 8．trying 9．to improve 10．who 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者心中的英雄——袁隆平的伟大事业与高尚品质，以及他给作者带来的深刻启发和精神鼓舞。 【详解】1．句意：那些激励人心的人一直在改变我们的生活并激励着我们。and连接并列的谓语动词，故用一般现在时，主语是 Those inspiring people，所以谓语用动词原形。 2．句意：他是一位伟大的科学家，毕生致力于水稻研究。先行词为“scientist”，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who。 3．句意：他面临许多困难，但从未停止工作。“stop”后接动名词作宾语，表示“停止做某事（停止正在做的事）”，故用working。 4．句意：他是一个朴实且善良的人。先行词为“person”，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who。 5．句意：他的辛勤工作使成千上万的人有足够的食物吃。描述过去发生的客观事实，用一般过去时，故用made。 6．句意：他的精神深深地鼓舞了我。主语为“I”，与“inspire”之间为被动关系，表示“被鼓舞”，故用过去分词inspired。 7．句意：我认为他是中国最伟大的英雄之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”为固定结构，表示“最……的……之一”，故用复数名词heroes。 8．句意：从他身上，我学到只要我们不断尝试，就没有什么难的。“keep”后接动名词作宾语，表示“持续做某事”，故用trying。 9．句意：我会更加努力学习，尽最大努力提升自己。“try one’s best”后接不定式表示“尽力去做某事”，故用to improve。 10．句意：我希望将来能成为一个帮助他人的人。先行词为“person”，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who。 Passage 4 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Guo Yonghuai was a world-famous Chinese space scientist. He 1 (win) high praise for his contribution (贡献) to the “Two Bombs and One Satellite (两弹一星)” project. Guo Yonghuai was 2 born scientist. He loved science and was always curious 3 everything around him. In the early 1930s, he attended university in Tianjin and later continued his studies at Peking University. In 1940, Guo Yonghuai went abroad for further study. In 1956, he returned to China 4 (work) for his own country. He worked hard and 5 (spend) most of his time on his job. He met with lots of challenges, but he was confident enough to face 6 (they). He always worked to high 7 (standard). He often said, “As scientists, we can’t be 8 careful.” After years of hard work, he became one of the 9 (pioneer) in the space field. 10 (sad), Guo Yonghuai passed away (去世) in an air crash in December 1968. 【答案】 1．won 2．a 3．about 4．to work 5．spent 6．them 7．standards 8．too 9．pioneers 10．Sadly 【导语】本文通过介绍中国著名空间科学家郭永怀的生平事迹，回顾了他为“两弹一星”项目做出的卓越贡献以及他严谨治学、无私奉献的科学精神，旨在弘扬爱国情怀与科学家精神。 【详解】1．句意：郭永怀是一位世界著名的中国航天科学家。他为“两弹一星”项目的贡献赢得了高度赞扬。句子主语是“He”，描述的是他过去做出的贡献并赢得赞扬，事情发生在过去，对现在有影响，这里用一般过去时即可。win的过去式为won。 2．句意：郭永怀是一位天生的科学家。此处需要一个词来修饰名词scientist，表示“天生的”。born在这里作形容词，意为“天生的”，前面需要加不定冠词a，表示泛指“一位”。 3．句意：他热爱科学，总是对周围的一切感到好奇。固定搭配be curious about...，意为“对……好奇”。这里填入介词about。 4．句意：1956年，他回到中国为自己的国家工作。此处表示他回国的目的，应用动词不定式to work作目的状语。 5．句意：他努力工作，把大部分时间花在工作上。句子由and连接两个并列的谓语动词，前面是worked，所以spend也需要用过去式spent。 6．句意：他遇到了很多挑战，但他有足够的信心去面对它们。空格处作动词face的宾语，指代前面的复数名词challenges，应用宾格代词them。 7．句意：他总是以高标准工作。high standards表示“高标准”，通常用复数形式泛指各项标准。 8．句意：他经常说：“作为科学家，我们再怎么小心也不为过。”固定句型can’t be too+形容词，意为“再……也不为过”。这里填入too。 9．句意：经过多年的努力工作，他成为了航天领域的先驱之一。“one of the+名词复数”结构，表示“……之一”。pioneer的复数形式为pioneers。 10．句意：令人悲伤的是，郭永怀于1968年12月在一次空难中去世。此处需要一个副词修饰整个句子，表示“令人悲伤地”。sad的副词形式为sadly，位于句首，首字母需大写，即Sadly。 Passage 5 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jin Haizu—Pioneer of High-Energy Batteries Jin Haizu is an outstanding new-energy scientist and the core technical leader of CATL. When she was a college student, she made up her mind 1 devote herself to battery research for aviation and robots. In 2012, Jin and her team started tough research. At that time, there 2 few mature high-energy battery materials in China. It was very difficult 3 them to break foreign technical barriers. Year after year, the group 4 (try) thousands of material experiments. Finally, they created domestic high-energy lithium batteries in 2018. Since then, their technology 5 widely used in planes and intelligent machines. Jin’s lifelong dream 6 to produce safer, cheaper batteries for all kinds of equipment. She keeps doing research even on holidays. Her experience tells us that if a person 7 (hold) a clear goal, great achievements can 8 (realize). Jin’s story teaches us 9 persistent efforts can break technical blockades. She firmly believes 10 every young researcher can make contributions to national tech development. 【答案】 1．to 2．were 3．for 4．tried 5．has been 6．is 7．holds 8．be realized 9．that 10．that 【导语】本文介绍了新能源科学家金海族及其团队研发高能电池的经历，强调了坚持和目标的重要性，激励年轻人投身科技报国。 【详解】1．句意：她下定决心投身于航空和机器人的电池研究。该处需一个不定式符号，构成固定短语make up one’s mind to do sth.，意为“下定决心做某事”，故填to。 2．句意：那时中国几乎没有成熟的高能电池材料。该处需一个be动词，主语materials为复数，且时间状语“At that time”指过去，there be句型需用一般过去时were。故填were。 3．句意：对他们来说突破国外技术壁垒非常困难。该处需一个介词，用于固定句型“It is/was adj. for sb. to do sth.”，表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”。故填for。 4．句意：年复一年，该团队做了成千上万次材料实验。该处需谓语动词，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，括号内所给动词“try”需变为过去式，故填tried。 5．句意：从那以后，他们的技术被广泛应用于飞机和智能机器。该处需构成现在完成时的被动语态，Since then提示用现在完成时，technology与use之间是被动关系。故填has been。 6．句意：金海族的终身梦想是为各种设备生产更安全、更便宜的电池。该处需系动词，陈述客观事实或当前状态，用一般现在时，主语dream是单数。故填is。 7．句意：她的经历告诉我们，如果一个人有清晰的目标，就能取得巨大成就。该处需谓语动词，if引导的条件状语从句，主句含情态动词，从句用一般现在时，主语person是单数，括号内所给动词“hold”需变为三单形式，故填holds。 8．句意：她的经历告诉我们，如果一个人有清晰的目标，就能取得巨大成就。该处需被动语态，“achievements”与“realize”为被动关系，情态动词“can”后接动词原形，构成情态动词的被动语态，故填be realized。 9．句意：金海族的故事教导我们，坚持不懈的努力可以打破技术封锁。该处需引导宾语从句，从句成分完整，句意完整，用that引导宾语从句。故填that。 10．句意：她坚信每一位年轻研究者都能为国家科技发展做出贡献。该处需引导宾语从句，从句成分完整，句意完整，用that引导宾语从句。故填that。 Passage 6 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 On 7th September, 1950, some American officers arrived at Qian Xuesen’s home. They took him to 1 island and kept him there. They did this because Qian Xuesen was planning to return to China. Qian Xuesen had a successful career in the USA, but when he heard about the founding of the People’s Republic of China, he decided to go back 2 wanted to help his country himself. However, the USA refused to let him leave because he was a valuable scientist. Qian Xuesen did not give up. Finally, in 1955, he managed 3 (get) back to China. As soon as he returned, Qian Xuesen started a satellite and missile (导弹) programme. He worked day and night and 4 (he) hard work paid off. Five years later, he and his team 5 (success) tested the first Chinese missiles. In 1970, China sent the first satellite into space. This was the beginning 6 China’s space programme. A science centre in China 7 (build) with the help of Qian Xuesen as well. He trained many people there and they are now great rocket scientists themselves. The science centre has become one of the 8 (good) ones in the world. During his life, Qian Xuesen received a lot of 9 (award). In 1991, he received the award for National Outstanding Contributing Scientist. He 10 (die) in 2009. People always remember him as “the father of China’s missile and space programme”. 【答案】 1．an 2．and 3．to get 4．his 5．successfully 6．of 7．was built 8．best 9．awards 10．died 【导语】本文主要讲述了钱学森先生的归国经历，以及他为中国导弹与航天事业作出的卓越贡献，表达了对这位“中国导弹航天之父”的缅怀与敬意。 【详解】1．句意：他们把他带到一座岛上，把他关押在那里。此处泛指“一座岛屿”，island的发音以元音音素开头，要使用不定冠词an修饰。 2．句意：钱学森在美国事业有成，但当他得知中华人民共和国成立的消息后，他决定回国，想要亲自为祖国提供帮助。空格前后“他决定回国”和“想要亲自帮助自己的国家”是并列顺承的关系，需要用并列连词and连接。 3．句意：最终，在1955年，他成功回到了中国。manage to do sth.“设法做到某事”，是固定搭配，空处需要使用动词不定式to get。 4．句意：他夜以继日地工作，他的辛勤付出得到了回报。此处修饰名词“hard work”，需要使用形容词性物主代词，he对应的形容词性物主代词是his。 5．句意：五年后，他和他的团队成功试射了中国首批导弹。此处修饰动词tested，需要使用副词作状语，success对应的副词形式是successfully。 6．句意：这是中国太空项目的开端。此处是固定搭配the beginning of...，意为“……的开端”。 7．句意：中国的一所科学中心也是在钱学森的协助下建成的。主语“A science centre”和动词“build”之间是被动关系，且事件发生在过去，要使用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were done”，主语是单数，be动词用was，build的过去分词是built。 8．句意：这个科学中心已经成为世界上最顶尖的科学中心之一。此处是固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，意为“最……之一”，good的最高级形式是best。 9．句意：在钱学森的一生中，他获得了很多奖项。a lot of后面接可数名词时需要使用复数形式，award是可数名词，复数形式为awards。 10．句意：他于2009年逝世。时间状语in 2009是明确的过去时间，句子要使用一般过去时，die的过去式是died。 Passage 7 On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken 1 the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life 2 (research) plants and seeds. Over the years, he collected many important seeds for China’s seed banks. These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, 3 (include) the ones we need for food, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear 4 the world forever. Zhong Yang 5 (be) born in 1964. When he was young, he showed a deep love and curiosity for the things he studied. He was 6 excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he studied radio engineering and later became 7 (interest) in plants. The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus of his life after he became a professor at Fudan University. It is important for seed banks 8 (include) many different kinds of seeds. When Zhong Yang discovered that there was not enough research of the seeds from Xizang, he went there to collect seeds himself. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work. Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. His love for his job and research lives on in his students. He once said, “My students will continue on the road of 9 (science) exploration and the seeds we have collected may grow 10 (hundred) of years from now.” 【答案】 1．by 2．researching 3．including 4．from 5．was 6．an 7．interested 8．to include 9．scientific 10．hundreds 【导语】本文主要讲述植物学家钟扬毕生投身种子收集研究，远赴西藏采集种子，并将科研理想传承给学生的事迹。 【详解】1．句意：2017年9月25日，中国教授钟扬遭遇车祸离世的消息震惊了科学界。被动语态was shaken后，by+事件消息来源，表示“被……消息所震动”，引出使动作发生的事物。 2．句意：这位受人尊敬的生物学家毕生都在研究植物与种子。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.，表示“花费时间做某事”，介词in可以省略，后面动词使用动名词形式。 3．句意：这些特殊种子库保护各类植物种子，其中包含我们粮食所需的种子，确保重要植物不会永远从地球上消失。此处需要介词作状语，including是介词，意为“包括”，后面直接接列举内容。 4．句意：这些特殊种子库保护各类植物种子，其中包含我们粮食所需的种子，确保重要植物不会永远从地球上消失。固定短语disappear from…，表示“从……消失”。 5．句意：钟扬生于1964年。时间in 1964是过去时间，be born固定使用一般过去时；主语Zhong Yang是单数人名，be动词选用was。 6．句意：他是一名优秀的学生，年仅15岁就考入大学。student是可数名词单数，excellent发音以元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an。 7．句意：在大学里，他学习无线电工程，后来对植物产生了兴趣。固定搭配become interested in sth.，表示“对某物产生兴趣”，形容词interested用来修饰人。 8．句意：种子库收录多种多样的种子十分重要。固定句型It is+adj.+for sb./sth. to do sth.，it作形式主语，不定式作句子真正主语。 9．句意：我的学生们会继续踏上科学探索之路，我们收集的种子或许在数百年后生根发芽。空格修饰名词exploration，需要使用形容词，名词science变为形容词scientific（科学的）。 10．句意：我的学生们会继续踏上科学探索之路，我们收集的种子或许在数百年后生根发芽。固定搭配hundreds of，表示“数百的，成百上千的”；hundred前面无具体数字时，加s并搭配of。 Passage 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yuan Longping, known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻) ”, is one of the most 1 (inspire) scientists in modern China. Born in 1930, he spent most of his life 2 (study) rice and trying to find ways to produce more food. In the 1960s, China faced a serious 3 (hungry). Many people did not have enough food to eat. Yuan Longping believed that 4 was possible to develop a new kind of rice that could grow in different conditions. It was very difficult 5 him to do research at that time because there was not enough money or equipment. But he never gave up. After years of hard work, Yuan Longping succeeded 6 developing hybrid rice in 1973. This new kind of rice produced 20% more grain than traditional rice. It was 7 (amaze) that one man could help feed so many people. Today, hybrid rice 8 (grow) in many countries around the world. It has helped reduce hunger and poverty in many places. Yuan Longping once said, “My lifelong dream is to keep the rice dream 9 (live) and to help feed the world.” It was truly great 10 him to devote his whole life to this cause. 【答案】 1．inspiring 2．studying 3．hunger 4．it 5．for 6．in 7．amazing 8．is grown 9．alive 10．of 【导语】本文介绍“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平，讲述他研究杂交水稻的奋斗历程以及杂交水稻带来的巨大贡献。 【详解】1．句意：被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是现代中国最鼓舞人心的科学家之一。此处需要形容词修饰名词scientists，inspiring表示“令人鼓舞的”用符合。 2．句意：他生于1930年，一生大部分时间都在研究水稻，努力寻找产出更多粮食的方法。固定搭配spend...(in) doing sth.，动词需要变为动名词形式。故studying符合语法要求。 3．句意：20世纪60年代，中国面临严重的饥荒。形容词serious后面需要接名词，hungry是形容词，名词形式为hunger。 4．句意：袁隆平认为培育一种可以在不同环境下生长的新型水稻是有可能实现的。本句使用形式主语结构，it作形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式。 5．句意：那时候开展研究对他来说十分艰难，因为没有充足的资金和设备。固定句型“It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”，difficult用来描述事情属性，介词用for。 6．句意：经过多年不懈努力，袁隆平在1973年成功培育出杂交水稻。固定短语succeed in doing sth.，意为“成功做某事”。 7．句意：一个人能够帮助养活如此多的人，这令人惊叹。此处形容词修饰整件事情，amazing意为“令人惊奇的”。 8．句意：如今，世界上众多国家都种植杂交水稻。主语hybrid rice和grow构成被动关系，Today提示时态为一般现在时，主语为单数，使用一般现在时被动语态is grown。 9．句意：我毕生的梦想就是让水稻之梦延续下去，帮助养活全世界。固定搭配keep sth. alive，表示“使……持续存在、保持生机”。 10．句意：他将一生奉献给这项事业，十分伟大。固定句型“It is + 人物品质形容词 + of sb. to do sth.”，great用于评价人的品格，介词用of。 Passage 9 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式 Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish 1 (invent), was born in Stockholm on 21st October 1833, but moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father, Immanuel Nobel, 2 (make) a strong position for himself in the engineering industry. Immanuel Nobel made a lot of money from the government, 3 went bankrupt(破产) soon after. Then, the family returned to Sweden in 1859, when Alfred began his own study of explosives(炸药) in his 4 (father) lab. He had never been to university but he taught 5 (him), and he became a 6 (chemistry) and excellent linguist when he was twenty. He could speak Swedish, Russian, German, 7 (France) and English. He built up lots of 8 (company) in different countries. He spent much time and money working on how to end the wars until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous will, in which he left money to provide prizes 9 outstanding(杰出的) work in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace, is a memorial(纪念) to his interests and ideas. And so, the man is remembered and respected long after his 10 (dead). 【答案】 1．inventor 2．made 3．but 4．father’s 5．himself 6．chemist 7．French 8．companies 9．for 10．death 【导语】本文主要介绍了瑞典发明家诺贝尔。 【详解】1．句意：阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔，伟大的瑞典发明家。此处指诺贝尔的职业，inventor符合语境。 2．句意：在那里，他的父亲伊曼纽尔诺贝尔，在工程行业有着强势地位。根据“in 1842”，可知句子描述过去发生的事，动词应用过去式made。 3．句意：伊曼纽尔诺贝尔从政府那里赚了很多钱，但不久之后破产了。此处“made a lot of money”和“went bankrupt”形成对比，连词but符合逻辑。 4．句意：在那里，阿尔弗雷德开始在他父亲的实验室研究炸药。此处指“父亲的”实验室，应填名词所有格father’s。 5．句意：他从未上过大学，但是他自学成才。根据“never been to university”和“but”，可知此处指他自学成才，应填反身代词himself。 6．句意：并且他成为了化学家。此处指他的职业，chemist符合语境。 7．句意：他能说瑞典语，俄语，德语，法语和英语。此处指语言，French符合语境。 8．句意：他在不同国家都成立了公司。lots of后接可数名词复数，companies符合语境。 9．句意：他著名的遗嘱，就是留下钱，提供奖项给那些在物理、化学、生理学、医学、文学和和平方面的杰出成就。provide常与介词for搭配，意为“提供……给……” 10．句意：并且因此，这个人在去世很久之后被铭记、尊敬。his后接名词，death符合语境。 Passage 10 用括号内单词的适当形式填空： I am a Grade 9 student who loves science. These days I 1 (learn) about Einstein in my science class. Einstein 2 (be) one of the greatest thinkers in the world. He 3 (discover) the theory of relativity. I 4 (admire) him very much because he never gave up even when he 5 (face) difficulties. Last week, I 6 (have) a science project to do. I 7 (not know) how to finish it at first. Then I 8 (remember) what Einstein did. I tried to look at the problem from different angles and finally 9 (find) a solution. Now I 10 (understand) that being creative and persistent is important. I hope I can be a great scientist like Einstein one day. 【答案】 1．am learning 2．is 3．discovered 4．admire 5．faced 6．had 7．didn’t know 8．remembered 9．found 10．understand 【导语】本文主要讲述了一名热爱科学的九年级学生，近期在课上学习爱因斯坦的相关知识，十分钦佩这位伟大的科学家；上周他在完成科学项目时一度陷入困境，之后以爱因斯坦为榜样转换思路攻克了难题，也从中领悟到创造力和坚持的重要性，立志未来成为像爱因斯坦一样的伟大科学家。 【详解】1．句意：这些天我正在科学课上学习关于爱因斯坦的相关内容。句中时间标志“These days”表示现阶段正在持续进行的动作，强调这段时间里一直在课堂上学习爱因斯坦的相关内容，可用现在进行时am learning。 2．句意：爱因斯坦是世界上最伟大的思想家之一。描述爱因斯坦的身份，本句为对已故名人的地位评价，对于这种广泛认可的、至今仍然成立的评价，习惯用一般现在时，此处be动词用is。 3．句意：他发现了相对论。“the theory of relativity”是爱因斯坦过去完成的重大发现，属于发生在过去特定时间的动作，需要用一般过去时，discover的过去式为discovered。 4．句意：我非常钦佩他。此处表述个人当下稳定的喜好与态度，“我非常钦佩爱因斯坦”是长期存在的情感倾向，没有特殊的时间限定强调动作的先后或进行状态，使用一般现在时，主语为第一人称I，直接填动词原形admire即可。 5．句意：我非常钦佩他，因为即使在他面对困难的时候也从未放弃。句中“gave up”是一般过去时，描述的是爱因斯坦过去的经历，动作发生在过去的语境中，要使用一般过去时，因此face应变为过去式faced。 6．句意：上周我有一个科学项目要完成。句中时间状语“Last week”是明确的过去时间点，谓语动词要使用一般过去时，have应变为过去式had。 7．句意：一开始我不知道怎么完成它。本句承接上文的过去时间语境“上周做科学项目”，描述当时的状态，要使用一般过去时的否定形式，not know应变为didn’t know。 8．句意：然后我想起了爱因斯坦的所作所为。本句描述当时卡在项目难题的场景下，“我”突然想起爱因斯坦的事迹，是发生在过去那个时刻的动作，需要用一般过去时。 9．句意：我试着从不同角度看待这个问题，最终找到了一个解决方案。本句和并列谓语“tried”时态保持一致，描述过去发生的动作，要使用一般过去时，find应变为过去式found。 10．句意：现在我明白了拥有创造力和坚持不懈的品质很重要。句中时间状语“Now”表示说话人当下的认知状态，描述的是现在的心理感悟，要使用一般现在时，主语I对应的谓语动词用原形。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Tu Youyou, a great Chinese scientist, was born in 1930. Known as the “Mother of Artemisinin”, she 1 (devote) her life to the research of malaria treatment. In the 1960s, she was 2 (secret) selected to lead a team to find a cure. At that time, the task seemed impossible 3 many others had failed and the resources were limited. Tu and her team met huge 4 (challenge). They tested over 380 traditional recipes and 5 modern technology, they used simple tools. To avoid mistakes, they 6 (test) the medicine on themselves first. Although the project was stopped several times because they were short 7 funds, Tu never gave up. Their hard work finally 8 (pay) off when artemisinin was discovered. Tu’s name became known worldwide after she won the Nobel Prize. She felt proud 9 (serve) the Chinese people. In 2019, she received the Medal of the Republic for her extraordinary 10 (contribution). 【答案】 1．devoted 2．secretly 3．because/as/since 4．challenges 5．without 6．tested 7．of 8．paid 9．to serve 10．contribution/contributions 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家屠呦呦的个人事迹。 【详解】1．句意：她被誉为“青蒿素之母”，毕生致力于疟疾治疗的研究。devote“致力于；奉献” ，陈述过去一生所做的事，用一般过去时，动词用过去式devoted。 2．句意：20世纪60年代，她被秘密选中，带领团队寻找治疗方法。secret“秘密的”，此处修饰动词selected，用副词形式secretly“秘密地”。 3．句意：在当时，这项任务看起来不可能完成，因为已经有很多人失败过，而且资源有限。后半句“已经有很多人失败过，而且资源有限”是前半句“任务不可能完成”的原因，用because/as/since“因为”引导原因状语从句。   4．句意：屠呦呦和她的团队遇到了巨大的困难。challenge“挑战”是可数名词，前面没有冠词，暗示面临重重挑战，用复数形式challenges。 5．句意：他们试验了380多个古药方，在没有现代技术的条件下，他们使用了简单的工具。根据“used simple tools”可知，没有现代技术，用介词without“没有”。 6．句意：为了避免出错，他们先在自己身上试药。全文通篇为一般过去时，test“测试；试验”变为过去式tested。 7．句意：尽管由于资金短缺，该项目多次被叫停，但屠从未放弃。be short of意为“短缺，缺少”。 8．句意：当青蒿素被成功发现时，他们的辛勤付出终于得到了回报。pay off“取得成功；得到回报”，时态为一般过去时，用pay的过去式paid。 9．句意：能为中国人民服务，她感到无比自豪。feel proud to do sth“做某事感到自豪”，此处用serve“服务”的不定式形式to serve。 10．句意：2019年，她因杰出贡献被授予共和国勋章。形容词extraordinary后接名词，contribution作“贡献”讲时，单复数都可；单数侧重整体功绩，复数侧重多项成就。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Who do you admire? There are many inspiring people in the world, and different people admire different 1 (one). My sister admires Florence Nightingale. She was a pioneer 2 modern nursing. During the war, she volunteered 3 a nurse to help the wounded soldiers. She created modern nursing and 4 (stop) the spread of diseases in hospitals. My father admires George Stephenson. He was a great scientist 5 made many important discoveries in the field of physics. He built the first British railways and 6 (develop) modern science. 7 for me, I admire Tu Youyou. She is a chemist 8 discovered artemisinin and won the Nobel Prize. It is her persistence 9 inspires me most. These people are all inspiring 10 their own ways. We should learn from their spirit and never give up. 【答案】 1．ones 2．in 3．as 4．stopped 5．who/that 6．developed 7．As 8．who/that 9．that 10．in 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍作者家人及自己崇拜的人物，如南丁格尔和屠呦呦等，鼓励大家学习他们的精神。 【详解】1．句意：世界上有很多鼓舞人心的人，不同的人敬佩不同的人。此处代词指代前文people，one的复数形式ones，故填ones。 2．句意：她是现代护理领域的先驱。固定搭配a pioneer in …，表示“在…… 领域的先驱”，故填in。 3．句意：战争期间，她自愿担任护士救助受伤士兵。volunteer as…表示“自愿担任……（身份）”，故填as。 4．句意：她开创现代护理，遏制医院内疾病传播。and连接并列谓语，时态与created保持一般过去时，stop变为stopped。 5．句意：他是一位伟大的科学家，在物理学领域取得众多重大发现。先行词scientist指人，定语从句关系词可用who/that。 6．句意：他修建英国首批铁路，发展现代科学。and并列谓语，时态与built保持一般过去时，develop变为developed。 7．句意：至于我，我敬佩屠呦呦。固定短语As for me，意为“至于我”，句首首字母大写，填As。 8．句意：她是一名化学家，发现青蒿素并获得诺贝尔奖。先行词chemist指人，定语从句关系词用who/that。 9．句意：正是她的坚持最激励我。本句为强调句型It is … that …，故填that。 10．句意：这些人各自都鼓舞人心。固定搭配in their own ways，表示“以他们各自的方式”，填in。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are many inspiring people in the world 1 have changed our lives in different ways. Yuan Longping is the scientist 2 developed hybrid rice. He is admired by people all over the world 3 his great contributions to reducing hunger. Tu Youyou is the chemist 4 discovered artemisinin, a medicine 5 has saved millions of lives. She won the Nobel Prize in 2015. Florence Nightingale is the nurse 6 created modern nursing. She volunteered 7 (work) in hospitals during the war and helped the wounded soldiers. She is remembered as the pioneer 8 changed the way hospitals were run. These are the people 9 we should learn from. Their stories teach us 10 persistence and courage can make a great difference to the world. 【答案】 1．who/that 2．who/that 3．for 4．who/that 5．which/that 6．who/that 7．to work 8．who/that 9．who/that/whom 10．that 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了袁隆平、屠呦呦和南丁格尔三位杰出人物及其贡献，激励人们学习他们的精神。 【详解】1．句意：世界上有许多鼓舞人心的人，他们以不同的方式改变了我们的生活。先行词为“people”，指人，在从句中作主语，用who/that引导。 2．句意：袁隆平是研发杂交水稻的科学家。先行词为“scientist”，指人，在从句中作主语，用who/that引导。 3．句意：他因对减少饥饿的巨大贡献而受到全世界人民的钦佩。固定搭配be admired for，意为“因……被钦佩”。需填介词for。 4．句意：屠呦呦是发现青蒿素的化学家，青蒿素是一种拯救了数百万生命的药物。先行词为“chemist”，指人，在从句中作主语，用who/that引导。 5．句意：屠呦呦是发现青蒿素的化学家，青蒿素是一种拯救了数百万生命的药物。先行词为“medicine”，指物，在从句中作主语，用which/that引导。 6．句意：弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔是创立现代护理事业的护士。先行词为“nurse”，指人，在从句中作主语，用who/that引导。 7．句意：她自愿在战争期间到医院工作，帮助受伤的士兵。固定用法volunteer to do sth.，意为“自愿做某事”。需用动词不定式to work。 8．句意：她被视为改变医院运作方式的先驱。先行词为“pioneer”，指人，在从句中作主语，用who/that引导。 9．句意：这些是我们应该学习的人。先行词为“people”，指人，在从句中作宾语，用who/that/whom引导。 10．句意：他们的故事教导我们，毅力和勇气能对世界产生巨大影响。从句结构完整，用that引导宾语从句，无实义。 Passage 4 阅读短文，用所给词的适当形式填空或填入合适的单词，使短文通顺完整。 Yuan Longping is one of the most inspiring pioneers in China. He was born 1 1930. At an early age, he showed great interest in farming research. At that time, many people suffered from hunger, so he made up his mind 2 (help) people live a better life. He spent all his life 3 (do) research on hybrid rice. Even though he met lots of difficulties, he never gave up. Finally, he succeeded in 4 (develop) high-yield rice. His great discovery helped reduce hunger all over the world. He is a man full of courage and 5 (wise). He never cared about his personal fame. Above all, he always devoted himself to 6 (serve) the nation. His great spirit lives on today. We all look up 7 him. As students, we should learn from him, stop 8 (waste) food, and make sure 9 (study) hard. We hope we can play a big part 10 building our country in the future. 【答案】 1．in 2．to help 3．doing 4．developing 5．wisdom 6．serving 7．to 8．wasting 9．to study 10．in 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了袁隆平的生平事迹、科研成就及其精神品质，鼓励读者学习他的奉献精神。 【详解】1．句意：他出生于1930年。年份“1930”前需用介词in表示在某一年，故填in。 2．句意：所以他下定决心帮助人们过上更好的生活。help“帮助”，动词，make up one’s mind to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“下定决心做某事”，后接不定式，故填to help。 3．句意：他花费了一生的时间研究杂交水稻。do“做”，动词，spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，介词in可省略，后接动名词，故填doing。 4．句意：最终，他成功研发了高产水稻。develop“研发”，动词，succeed in doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“成功做某事”，介词in后接动名词，故填developing。 5．句意：他是一个充满勇气和智慧的人。空格前为courage and，and连接并列成分，需填名词与courage 并列作介词of 的宾语，wise的名词形式为wisdom，意为“智慧”，故填wisdom。 6．句意：最重要的是，他总是致力于为国家服务。serve“服务”，动词，devote oneself to doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“致力于做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词，故填serving。 7．句意：我们都尊敬他。look up to sb.为固定短语，意为“尊敬或仰慕某人”，故填to。 8．句意：作为学生，我们应该向他学习，停止浪费食物，并确保努力学习。waste“浪费”，动词，stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，此处表示“停止浪费”这一习惯性行为，故填wasting。 9．句意：作为学生，我们应该向他学习，停止浪费食物，并确保努力学习。study“学习”，动词，make sure to do sth意为“务必做某事”，所以此处需用不定式to study 表示目的或补充说明“确保的内容”。 10．句意：我们希望在未来能在建设国家中发挥重要作用。play a part in doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“在……中起作用”，in为介词，后接动名词，故填in 。 Passage 5 阅读短文，用所给词的适当形式填空或填入合适单词。 Great people are always worth 1 (admire). They are true pioneers 2 science and society. Most of them began their dreams 3 an early age. They did lots of 4 (science) research and made important 5 (discover). They faced hunger, disease and difficulties, but they showed great 6 (brave) and wisdom. They kept 7 (fight) against problems and never gave up. Even though life was hard, they cared 8 their nation and people. Their spirit lives 9 forever. They play a big part 10 making our world better. We should learn from them. 【答案】 1．admiring 2．of 3．at 4．scientific 5．discoveries 6．bravery 7．fighting 8．about 9．on 10．in 【导语】本文主要介绍了伟大的人物值得人们敬仰。他们是科学与社会的先驱，年少时心怀梦想，开展科研、取得发现。历经重重磨难，他们勇敢坚持、心系家国，精神永世长存，推动世界进步，值得我们学习。 【详解】1．句意：伟人永远值得人们敬仰。be worth doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“值得被……”，应填admiring。 2．句意：他们是科学与社会领域真正的先驱。空前和空后都是名词，需用介词或连词连接。结合语境可知，这里指他们是科学与社会领域的先驱，故填介词of表示“……的”。 3．句意：他们大多数人年少时就怀揣梦想。at an early age是固定搭配，意为“年少时”，应填at。 4．句意：他们开展大量科学研究，取得了许多重大发现。空处修饰名词research，应用形容词，应填scientific。 5．句意：他们开展大量科学研究，取得了许多重大发现。空处作made的宾语且无冠词，应填复数名词。make discoveries是固定搭配，意为“取得发现”，应填discoveries。 6．句意：他们历经饥饿、病痛与重重困境，却展现出非凡的勇气与智慧。and连接并列的成分，后面的wisdom是名词，故本空也填名词。bravery是不可数名词，应填单数形式。 7．句意：他们不断迎难而上，永不言弃。keep doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“持续做某事”，应填fighting。 8．句意：即便生活艰难，他们依旧心系国家与人民。care是不及物动词，后面不能直接接宾语，必须搭配介词。care about是固定搭配，意为“在乎，在意”，应填about。 9．句意：他们的精神永世长存。空后没有宾语，因此空处填副词而不是介词。live on是固定搭配，意为“流传下去，长存”，应填on。 10．句意：他们为让世界变得更加美好作出巨大贡献。play a part in doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“在做某事方面发挥作用”，应填in。 Passage 6 Tu Youyou is a world-famous Chinese medical scientist. She 1 (receive) the Nobel Prize in 2015 for artemisinin. She spent nearly all her life 2 traditional Chinese medicine. In the early days, she read ancient medical books and carried out lots of 3 (experiment). It was not easy to find the right way to get useful parts from plants. With strong 4 (will), she never gave up. Her great 5 (achieve) — artemisinin helps treat malaria well. She once took an oath 6 (serve) people with medical skills. People all over the world 7 (true) respect her. Her story teaches us that continuous efforts can lead to great 8 (invent). Her moving 9 (spirit) encourages young students to keep studying hard and make their own 10 (contribute) to the world. 【答案】 1．received 2．on 3．experiments 4．will 5．achievement 6．to serve 157．truly 8．inventions 9．spirit 10．contributions 【导语】本文主要介绍著名医学家屠呦呦的科研历程，讲述她坚持不懈研究、成功发现青蒿素并斩获诺贝尔奖的事迹，告诉人们持之以恒的努力可以取得伟大成果，号召年轻人努力学习、为世界作出贡献。 【详解】1．句意：2015 年，她因青蒿素研究获得诺贝尔奖。根据时间状语“in 2015”可知，句子用一般过去时，应填received。 2．句意：她几乎将毕生精力投入到中医药研究之中。此处为固定搭配spend time on sth.意为“花费时间在某事上”，应填on。 3．句意：早期，她研读古代医学典籍，开展大量实验。空格前“lots of”后接可数名词复数，应填experiments。 4．句意：凭借顽强的意志，她从未放弃。“will”此处为名词，意为“意志，毅力”，不可数名词。应填will。 5．句意：她伟大的成就 —— 青蒿素，可以有效治疗疟疾。空格前“great”形容词后面接名词，achievement“成就”，此处特指青蒿素这一项成就，需用单数，应填achievement。 6．句意：她曾立誓要用医术造福人民。此处为固定搭配take an oath to do sth.意为“发誓做某事”，不定式作后置定语，应填to serve。 7．句意：全世界人民由衷地敬重她。此处修饰动词“respect”需用副词，应填truly。 8．句意：她的故事告诉我们：持续不懈的努力能够带来伟大发明。空格前“great”形容词后面接名词，invention“发明”，可数名词需用复数形式，应填inventions。 9．句意：她感人的精神激励青年学子刻苦学习，为世界贡献自己的力量。此处“spirit”不可数名词作主语，不需要变形，应填spirit。 10．句意：她感人的精神激励青年学子刻苦学习，为世界贡献自己的力量。空格前“own”形容词后面接名词，contribution“贡献”，需用可数名词复数形式，应填contributions。 Passage 7 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Michael Faraday was a great British scientist 1 made important discoveries in physics and chemistry. He was born in 1791 in a poor family. He didn’t 2 (receive) a formal education because his family couldn’t afford it. However, Faraday had a strong desire to learn. He 3 (read) every book he could find and attended lectures by famous 4 (science) whenever he had the chance. One of Faraday’s 5 (big) contributions was the discovery of electromagnetic induction. This discovery made 6 possible to create electric generators, which changed the world. Even though Faraday didn’t have a formal education, he 7 (become) one of the greatest scientists in history. Faraday’s story 8 (inspire) millions of people. It shows us that we don’t need to be rich or 9 (talent) to achieve great things. What we need is the determination 10 (keep) learning and never give up. 【答案】 1．who/that 2．receive 3．read 4．scientists 5．biggest 6．it 7．became 8．inspires 9．talented 10．to keep 【导语】本文介绍了英国伟大科学家迈克尔·法拉第。他出生于1791年的贫困家庭，无法接受正规教育，但他通过大量阅读和旁听讲座坚持自学。他的重大贡献之一是发现了电磁感应，这一发现推动了发电机的诞生，改变了世界。法拉第的故事激励了数百万人，告诉我们实现伟大成就不需要财富或天赋，而是需要坚持学习和永不放弃的决心。 【详解】1．句意：迈克尔·法拉第是一位在物理和化学领域做出重大发现的英国科学家。此处需要关系代词引导定语从句修饰“scientist”，且在从句中作主语，先行词是人，需填“who”或“that”。 2．句意：他没有接受正规教育。括号内提示词“receive”意为“接受”，“didn’t”后接动词原形，需用“receive”。 3．句意：他阅读了每一本能找到的书。括号内提示词“read”意为“阅读”，描述过去的事情，句子是一般过去时，动词需用过去式，“read”的过去式是“read”，书写不变，读音发生变化，故填“read”。 4．句意：并参加著名科学家的讲座。括号内提示词“science”意为“科学”，此处表示“科学家”，需用名词“scientists”，且前面有“famous”修饰，用复数形式泛指。 5．句意：法拉第最大的贡献之一是电磁感应。括号内提示词“big”意为“大的”，“one of the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构，需用最高级“biggest”。 6．句意：这一发现使制造发电机成为可能。“make it + 形容词 + to do sth.”为固定句型，其中“it”作形式宾语，需填“it”。 7．句意：他成为历史上最伟大的科学家之一。括号内提示词“become”意为“成为”，描述过去的事情，句子是一般过去时，需用动词的过去式“became”。 8．句意：法拉第的故事激励了数百万人。括号内提示词“inspire”意为“激励”，描述一般事实，句子是一般现在时，主语“story”为单数，需用第三人称单数形式“inspires”。 9．句意：它告诉我们，我们不需要富有或有天赋。括号内提示词“talent”为名词，意为“天赋”，此处在“be”后接形容词作表语，和“rich”并列，需用形容词“talented”。 10．句意：我们需要的是坚持学习和永不放弃的决心。括号内提示词“keep”意为“保持/坚持”，“determination to do sth.”为固定结构，表示“做某事的决心”，需用不定式“to keep”。 Passage 8 Yuan Longping is an inspiring pioneer that we all look up 1 . At an early age, he had a deep 2 . (discuss) about hunger with his teacher. Farmland shortage was a serious problem, so he decided 3 (fight) against hunger all his life. He worked on the sandy soil and made great 4 (discover). His research 5 (bring) great progress to farmers. In the past, many people lacked enough food, 6 now they can grow more corn. He treated every farmer 7 respect. Even though he met lots of trouble, he never gave up his dream 8 (realize). His 9 (kind) and wisdom teach us that we should care 10 people in need. 【答案】 1．to 2．discussion 3．to fight 4．discoveries 5．brought 6．but 7．with 8．to realize 9．kindness 10．about 【导语】本文主要讲述袁隆平令人敬佩的一生，年少与老师探讨饥饿问题，毕生研究对抗饥饿，取得重大发现，心怀善意尊重农民，教会我们关怀困难之人。 【详解】1．句意：袁隆平是一位鼓舞人心的先驱，我们所有人都敬仰他。固定短语：look up to表示“敬仰”，所以填to。 2．句意：年少时，他和老师深入探讨了饥饿问题。冠词a + 形容词deep，后接名词，动词discuss变名词discussion。 3．句意：耕地短缺是严峻问题，所以他决定毕生与饥饿作斗争。固定搭配：decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，所以填to fight。 4．句意：他在沙质土地上耕耘，取得了重大发现。形容词great后接名词，动词discover变名词discovery，前面没有冠词，填名词复数discoveries。 5．句意：他的研究给农民带来了巨大进步。全文整体为过去叙事时态，一般过去时，bring变过去式brought。 6．句意：过去很多人吃不饱，但现在他们能种植更多玉米。前句过去缺粮，后句如今能多种玉米，表转折，用并列转折连词but。 7．句意：他尊重对待每一位农民。固定搭配：treat sb. with respect，表示“尊重某人”，所以填with。 8．句意：尽管遭遇诸多磨难，他从未放弃实现梦想。名词dream后作后置定语，不定式表“要实现的梦想”，所以填to realize。 9．句意：他的善良与智慧教会我们应当关怀有需要的人。形容词性物主代词His，后接名词，和后面的wisdom并列，所以填名词kindness。 10．句意：他的善良与智慧教会我们应当关心有需要的人。固定短语：care about，表示“关心”，所以填about。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Great People 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——著名人物） 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1．who 2．known 3．to observe 4．on 5．devoted 6．awarded 7．helped 8．With 9．lives 10．truly Passage 2 1．made 2．in 3．as 4．subjects 5．called 6．first 7．them 8．an 9．working 10．twice Passage 3 1．change 2．who 3．working 4．who 5．made 6．inspired 7．heroes 8．trying 9．to improve 10．who Passage 4 1．won 2．a 3．about 4．to work 5．spent 6．them 7．standards 8．too 9．pioneers 10．Sadly Passage 5 1．to 2．were 3．for 4．tried 5．has been 6．is 7．holds 8．be realized 9．that 10．that Passage 6 1．an 2．and 3．to get 4．his 5．successfully 6．of 7．was built 8．best 9．awards 10．died Passage 7 1．by 2．researching 3．including 4．from 5．was 6．an 7．interested 8．to include 9．scientific 10．hundreds Passage 8 1．inspiring 2．studying 3．hunger 4．it 5．for 6．in 7．amazing 8．is grown 9．alive 10．of Passage 9 1．inventor 2．made 3．but 4．father’s 5．himself 6．chemist 7．French 8．companies 9．for 10．death Passage 10 1．am learning 2．is 3．discovered 4．admire 5．faced 6．had 7．didn’t know 8．remembered 9．found 10．understand 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 1．devoted 2．secretly 3．because/as/since 4．challenges 5．without 6．tested 7．of 8．paid 9．to serve 10．contribution/contributions Passage 2 1．ones 2．in 3．as 4．stopped 5．who/that 6．developed 7．As 8．who/that 9．that 10．in Passage 3 1．who/that 2．who/that 3．for 4．who/that 5．which/that 6．who/that 7．to work 8．who/that 9．who/that/whom 10．that Passage 4 1．in 2．to help 3．doing 4．developing 5．wisdom 6．serving 7．to 8．wasting 9．to study 10．in Passage 5 1．admiring 2．of 3．at 4．scientific 5．discoveries 6．bravery 7．fighting 8．about 9．on 10．in Passage 6 1．received 2．on 3．experiments 4．will 5．achievement 6．to serve 157．truly 8．inventions 9．spirit 10．contributions Passage 7 1．who/that 2．receive 3．read 4．scientists 5．biggest 6．it 7．became 8．inspires 9．talented 10．to keep Passage 8 1．to 2．discussion 3．to fight 4．discoveries 5．brought 6．but 7．with 8．to realize 9．kindness 10．about ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $