Unit 7 To spend or to save Section A 4a-4c grammar focus课件2026-2027学年鲁教版英语（五四学制）八年级英语上册

该初中英语课件聚焦状语从句（8种类型）及情态动词should、could的用法，通过“Observe”填空活动引导学生识别状语从句，再系统讲解引导词、语法规则及实例，结合练习与中考真题，构建从识别到应用的学习支架，帮助学生梳理语法知识脉络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力培养，通过角色扮演（如朋友买T恤等情境对话）提升语言表达，中考真题练习锻炼问题分析能力，思维导图作业促进自主总结。教师可借助系统语法框架高效教学，学生能在实际应用中巩固语法，提升综合语言运用能力。

UNIT 7 To Spend or to Save Grammar Focus (4a-4c) How do you spend pocket money? SECTION A In this part, you will review different types of adverbial clauses. role-play conversations and give advice by using “You should / shouldn’t / could ...” or “If you ..., you should / could / might ...”. review the use of modal verbs: should and could. ➷➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ 1. Fill in the blanks. (1) If you need money, I can lend you some. (2) I'll never have enough money for it if I don't cut down on spending. (3) If you buy it now, you could save money. (4) If I buy a new one, that could be a waste. (5) I won't buy things just because they are on sale. (6) For example, if I want to go to a summer camp, I can pay for it by myself. (7) I can also make my money grow if I put it in a bank! The underlined parts act as _____________ in the sentences, and they are all ___________________. adverbials adverbial clauses 2. What adverbial clauses do you know? How to use them? adverbial clauses of purpose adverbial clauses adverbial clauses of condition adverbial clauses of time adverbial clauses of comparison adverbial clauses of reason adverbial clauses of concession adverbial clauses of result adverbial clauses of place Review of Adverbial clauses 一、条件状语从句 1. if 引导的条件状语从句 if意为“如果；假如”。 If you start doing your homework now, you will finish it before dinner. 如果你现在开始做作业，你可以在晚饭前写完。 条件状语从句在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件。 常见引导词为：if, unless, as long as等。 3. as long as引导的条件状语从句 as long as表示“只要”或“在……的条件下”。通常表示某个行为或状态在某个特定条件下才会发生。 As long as you take my advice, you will do very well. 只要你听我的劝告，你会做得很好的。 2. unless引导的条件状语从句 unless意为“除非”，通常用来表达某种条件下的例外情况。 She will fail the test unless she studies harder. 除非她更努力学习，否则她会考试不及格。 通常情况下，由if, unless, as long as等引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句谓语动词用一般将来时。 ① If you start doing your homework now, you will finish it before dinner. ② She will fail the test unless she studies harder. ③ As long as you take my advice, you will do very well. 条件状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。 在叙述自然法则时常用if从句表示前提，没有时间性，这时主句谓语动词也用一般现在时。 ① If you pour oil on water, it floats. ② If water reaches 100℃, it boils. 如果你把油倒在水上，它就会浮起来。 如果水达到100摄氏度，它就会沸腾。 二、时间状语从句 时间状语从句在复合句中表达某事情/行为发生的时间。 常见引导词为：before, after, while, when, since, until, as soon as等。 1. before／after 引导的时间状语从句 before表示“在……之前”，after表示“在……之后”。 ① Before the sun came out, the sky was very dark. 在太阳出来之前，天空很黑。 他们结婚后搬到了乡下。 ② After they got married, they moved to the countryside. 2. as soon as 引导的时间状语从句 We began to work as soon as we got there. 我们一到那儿就开始工作了。 as soon as 表示“一……就……”，强调动作紧密相连。 3. when引导的时间状语从句 when意为“当……的时候”，既可以表示在某一时间点发生的事，又可以表示在某一时间段发生的事。 4. while引导的时间状语从句 Simon was happy when he heard the news. 西蒙听到这个消息时很高兴。 She turned on the radio while I was driving. 我开车时她打开了收音机。 while意为“当……的时候”，其引导的时间状语从句表示主句的行为在从句行为进行的过程中发生。 当主句和从句的动作同时发生的，且两句都用过去进行时的时候，通常用while引导从句。 They were singing while we were dancing.  他们在唱歌，我们在跳舞。 5. since引导的时间状语从句 since表示“自从……”。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。 6. until引导的时间状语从句 It has been three years since I left school. 自从我离开学校已有三年了。 until表示动作或状态一直持续到某一时刻，即“直到……”。 He waited until all the guests left. 他一直等到所有客人都走了。 (1) I'll stay here until/till you come back. 我会呆在这里，直到你回来。 (2) He didn't go to bed until/till he finished his homework. 他直到做完作业才睡觉。 until/till引导时间状语从句，意为“直到……” 。 当主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，主句常用肯定形式； 当主句的谓语动词是短暂性动词时，主句常用否定形式。not…until…意为“直到……才……”。 如果从句表示的是主句行为的原因，就构成原因状语从句。 常用引导词：because, as, since等。 ① I made mistakes because I was tired. 我犯错误是因为我累了。 餐馆很近，我们走着去吧。 由于天气很好，我们决定去野餐。 ② Let's walk to the restaurant as it is quite near. ③ Since the weather is nice, we have decided to go for a picnic. 在这三个连接词中，because语气最强，since次之，as最弱；because, as, since引导的从句可在主句前面或后面。此外，它们不能与so出现在同一句中。 三、原因状语从句 ① I drank the coffee although I did not like it. 虽然我不喜欢咖啡，但我还是喝了。 虽然他们打得很好，但球队还是输了。 ② Though they played quite well, the team lost. although和though的用法相近，都不可与but连用，但可与still, yet等连用。 四、让步状语从句 通常用来表达尽管有某种情况或条件，但主句中的情况仍然成立的从句。 常用引导词：although, though等。 在复合句中，结果状语从句用于描述主句的结果或影响。 五、结果状语从句 1. so ... that ...引导的结果状语从句 so ... that ... 结构的意思是"太……以至于……"。so后面接形容词或副词，表示程度，that后接从句表示这一程度造成的影响或结果。 I ran so fast that I won first prize. 我跑得很快，所以得了一等奖。 常用引导词：so...that, such...that等。 2. such ... that ...引导的结果状语从句 such ... that ... 结构的意思是"如此……以至于……"。 与so … that …不同的是：such后面接名词或名词词组，结构为：such (+ a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + that … 我阿姨是个电影爱好者，因此她每个周末都去看电影。 My aunt is such a great film-lover that she goes to the cinema every weekend. 1. so 可修饰many, much, few, little等，而such 不能。 so or such? We have so little money that we can't afford this house now. 2. 单数可数名词有修饰的形容词时，so 和such 均可用， 但两者结构不同： 主语 + 谓语 + such + a/an + adj.+ n. + that 从句 = 主语 + 谓语 + so + adj. + a/an + n. + that 从句 It is such an interesting film that I'd like to see it once again. = It is so interesting a film that I'd like to see it once again. 目的状语从句用来说明事物发生的目的。 常用引导词：so that, in order that等。 ① I got up very early so that I could get to school on time. 为了能按时到校，我很早就起床了。 玛丽走得很快，以便她能及时到达电影院。 ② Mary was walking quickly in order that she could arrive at the cinema in time. 六、目的状语从句 地点状语从句是指用来表示动作发生地点的从句。 常用引导词：where, wherever等 ① I'll meet you where the bus stops. 我将在公交车停下的地方见你。 有些人无论在哪里都玩得很开心。 ② Some people enjoy themselves wherever they are. 七、地点状语从句 比较状语从句是指在句子中表示比较意义的从句。它通常用于表示两个或多个事物之间的差异，或在某一方面的不同程度。 ① This pencil case is as cheap as that one is. 这个铅笔盒和那个一样便宜。 简唱得不如她姐姐好。 你跑得比他快。 ② Jane does not sing as/so well as her elder sister does. ③ You run faster than he does. 八、比较状语从句 as ... as意为“和……一样”。 not as/so...as意为“不如；和……不一样”。 than 意为“比……”。 常用引导词：as...as, not as/so...as, than等。 地点状 语从句 目的状 语从句 结果状 语从句 让步状 语从句 原因状 语从句 比较状 语从句 时间状 语从句 条件状 语从句 so that, in order that等 where, wherever等 as...as, not as/so...as, than等 if, unless, as long as等 before, after, while, when, since, until, as soon as等 although, though等 because, as, since等 so...that, such...that等 状语从句 以下部分为课本练习，供老师在对答案时 选择使用。 4b Complete the sentences with the correct words in the box. 1. During this Spring Festival, I'll put my pocket money in the bank _________ my money can grow. 2. The sale at the shopping centre won't begin _________the clock strikes nine. 3. _________ I have money and time, I'll go to buy some clothes. 4. I'll never save any money _________ I cut down on my spending. 5. _________ I didn't buy anything at the bookstore at all, I had a very good time reading my favourite books there. 6. My budget is _________ tight _________ I don't have many choices when buying things. P77 when unless so ... that although so that until so that until When unless Although so that 直击中考 2. Life will be easier if you ________ stronger.【2026天水市】 A. get B. got C. will get D. were getting 3. ________ painting takes time, it teaches us to notice the beauty around us. 【2026天水市】 A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. If 1. I am very happy ________ I have made a difference to someone else’s life. 【2026安徽省】 A. unless B. because C. until D. though 5. Great changes have taken place since I ________ here 20 years ago. 【2026扬州市】 A. move B. have moved C. will move D. moved 6. We cannot win the game ________ everyone in our team pulls together. 【2026江西省】 A. while B. since C. whenever D. unless 4. — When will the School Music Festival take place? — Oh, it’s going to be held this Friday if it ________. 【2026绥化市】 A. doesn’t rain B. isn’t raining C. won’t rain 8. Since 3D printing ________ in the medical area, making a hearing aid has become faster. 【2026连云港市】 A. used B. will be used C. was used D. has used 7. John feels awful. He should stay in bed ________ he feels better. 【2026天津市】 A. if B. until C. when D. because Modal verbs (should, could) 1. What _______ we ___ to be healthy? 2. You should ________. 3. Fluffy ______ exercise more. 4. She _________ sleep on the sofa all day. 5. - ______ I go and see? - Yes, ___________. 6. You _______ stay here. You _________ move. should do exercise should shouldn't Should you should should shouldn't should作情态动词，意为“应该”，后接动词原形。 1. should在肯定句中可用来讨论义务和职责或提出建议，意为“应该”。 2. should的否定式为should not , 意为“不应当；不该”。 患流感时，你出门应戴上口罩。 When you have the flu, you should wear a mask when you're outside. 下次你可不要吃这么多了。 You shouldn't eat so much next time. 3. should用于疑问句，表示征求意见或请求指示。 - Should I wait until the sale to buy the pencil case? - Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn't. —我应该等到促销时再买这个铅笔盒吗？ —是的，你应该。/不,你不应该。 Translate the dialogue. - What a surprise! The pencil case is only ten yuan! It is really cheap! If you buy it now, you could save money. - It's cheaper than usual, but my pencil case is still good enough. If I buy a new one, that could be a waste. —真是个惊喜！这个铅笔盒只要十元！真是太便宜了！如果你现在买， 可以省下不少钱。 —它比平时便宜，但我的铅笔盒还好好的。如果我买一个新的，可能 是浪费。 could作情态动词，意为“能，可以”，后接动词原形。 1. 情态动词 could 可用于提出建议。 2. could表示可能。 如果你想道歉，你可以给他打电话。 If you want to say sorry, you could call him. 别担心，他们可能只是忘了打电话。 Don't worry - they could have just forgotten to call. 3. could用于向对方提出要求或请求。 Could you please take the dog for a walk? 能请你去遛遛狗吗？ 4. could用于请求许可，即请求别人允许自己做某事 Could I watch TV for a while? 我能看一会儿电视吗？ 5. could作为can的过去形式，表示“能力”或“可能性”。 She said that she couldn't come. 她说她来不了啦。 以下部分为课本练习，供老师在对答案时 选择使用。 4a Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets. 1. Shopping is really an ___________ (interest) thing to do. 2. If you feel ___________ (worry), you could turn to your friends for help. 3. I was ___________ (excite) when I saw a famous writer entering the bookstore. 4. I've saved a large sum of money ___________(pay for) my trip during the winter holiday. 5. My mum asked the shop assistant ___________(bring)more comfortable clothes for me. P77 interesting worried excited to pay for to bring 4c Read the situations below and role-play conversations with a partner. In each conversation, give advice by using “You should / shouldn't / could ...” or “If you ..., you should / could / might ...”. 1. Your friend wants to buy a T-shirt. It's fashionable but not comfortable. 2. Linda wants to use up (用完) her pocket money to buy a birthday gift for her mother. 3. Ben often buys things which he doesn't need. He has formed a habit of buying things online without any planning. 4. Lucy loves to buy different types of pens at the stationery store. Now she has more than 200 pens at hand and can't stop collecting new ones. She can't afford this hobby now. P77 2. - Alex, could you tell me ________? - Sure. On the farm. 【2026福建省】 A. who will take part in the study tour B. where we will make the study tour C. why the study tour is important Ⅰ. 单项选择。 1. It is good manners to keep quiet in museums, so we _____ play music on our phones without wearing earphones. 【2026连云港市】 A. can B. must C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 直击中考 could用于委婉礼貌地提出请求。 Ⅱ. 阅读理解。 1. Professor Lin from Shanghai Normal University agrees that the AI age calls for deeper and wider reading. “Though AI is good at searching for and copying information, it cannot match human creativity,” he says. What can we learn from Professor Lin’s words? A. AI can help us read fully. B. We should read good books. C. AI cannot match our creativity. D. We should not read e-books. 【2026安徽省阅读理解C】 2. Angelo was a businessman. In 2005, he was quite ill. So he wanted a place where he could live a happy and healthy life. He realized that he didn’t need to live in a huge house in the city. He believed that being closer to nature could help him feel better. What do we know about Angelo in this paragraph? A. He was a young doctor. B. He wanted a different life. C. He was always in good health. D. He lived in the countryside. 【2026安徽省阅读理解D】 3. AI is used to help solve problems in many fields now. Here’s how it helps save energy, protect animals, and reduce pollution. ... However, none of these benefits come for free. Training AI also uses a lot of energy. So we should make wise choices. What is the writer’s opinion about using AI? A. Old habits die hard. B. Practice makes perfect. C. Every coin has two sides. 【2026湖南省阅读 C】 4. Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have estimated (估计) that the world may need about 1 billion new homes by 2050. According to a researcher from MIT, if people use wood to make so many homes, more than three times the size of the Amazon rainforest may be cut. The MIT researchers tried to find other materials to take the place of wood to make house parts. And they found recycled plastic could play a role. The MIT team discovered that recycled plastic mixed with bits of glass could be used as a new material to make trusses (桁架)— supports put under floors to make sure that the floors can carry the weight of everything on them. (1) How many new homes may the world need by 2050 according to the MIT researchers? A. About 1 billion. B. About 2 billion. C. About 3 billion. (2) What is the new material made from? A. Recycled plastic and glass. B. Recycled plastic and wood. C. Recycled plastic and stone. 注: 另附word文档，点击此处链接 缺音频 没有答案 1. Don't stand up ________ the plane is taking off or landing. 2. __________ I walked into the room, I knew something was wrong. 3. I didn't understand the question ________ my teacher explained it to me again. 4. Maria has been an English teacher for 6 years ___________ she returned to her home town. as soon as, while, after, until, since, before, when while As soon as until since I. 从方框中选择合适的词或短语完成下列句子（每个词 或短语限用一次）。 5. ___________ the weather is fine, we often go out for a walk. 6. It took a long time for the traffic to clear up ________ the accident happened. 7. Please answer the first question _________ you go to the next. as soon as, while, after, until, since, before, when When before after Ⅱ. 选择填空。 1. David, ______ you please sweep the floor and take out the trash? A. could B. may C. might D. must 2. - ______ you give me a hand? I can't move the box by myself. - No problem. A. Could B. Should C. Must D. Need 1. Have you mastered the use of adverbial clauses? Can you make sentences correctly using adverbial clauses? 2. Can you use should / could correctly? 3. Can you give advice by using “You should / shouldn’t / could ...” or “If you ..., you should / could / might ...”? You must do: 1. Write the conversation you made in 4c. 2. Draw a mind map about adverbial clauses. 3. Preview Section B (1a-1e) on pages 66-67. 缺音频 没有答案 $