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人教版(2024)七年级英语上册 新教材 Unit 3 My School 核心知识背诵清单 我的学校 四关背记闯关手册 【使用说明】本清单把 Unit 3 拆成四关:第一关词汇 第二关短语 第三关句型 第四关语法(There be 句型 + 方位介词体系)。每关背完在 里打钩,最后过一遍“易错警示”。早读读两遍、睡前默一遍、考前只翻易错表,三遍下来基本过关。 单元名片 本单元话题 描述校园环境与学校生活 My School 交际功能 询问与描述位置(Where's?)、介绍某地有什么(There be)、询问数量(How manyare there?)、带人参观(Let me show you around) 核心语法 There be 句型(就近原则)+ 方位介词体系 + 一般现在时巩固 高频考点 there be 就近原则、there be 与 have 辨析、in front of / in the front of、some/any、简答用 there 课文语篇 校园导览(student guide 带客参观) Li Hua 邮件介绍学校 每周升旗仪式短文 第一关 词汇背记(校园设施认全,位置才好说清) 校园场所与设施(本单元四会核心) 单词 音标 释义与要点 hall /h l/ 礼堂;大厅;school hall 学校礼堂 dining hall / da n h l/ 餐厅;食堂;have lunch in the dining hall building / b ld / 建筑物;楼房;classroom building 教学楼 gym /d m/ 体育馆;健身房(gymnasium 的缩略) sports field /sp ts fi ld/ 运动场;play sports on the sports field office / f s/ 办公室;teachers' office 教师办公室 teachers' office / ti t z f s/ 教师办公室(复数所有格,撇在 s 后) classroom / kl sru m/ 教室;in class 在课上 science building / sa ns b ld / 科学楼;do science projects 做科学项目 library / la br ri/ 图书馆;librarian 图书管理员 playground / ple ra nd/ 操场;play + ground 构词 student centre / stju dnt sent (r)/ 学生中心(英式 centre = 美式 center) reading corner / ri d k n (r)/ 阅读角;at the back of the classroom whiteboard / wa tb d/ 白板;smart whiteboard 智能白板 locker / l k (r)/ 有锁存物柜;lock(锁)+ er flag /fl / 旗;旗帜;raise the flag 升旗 Section A / B 重点单词 单词 音标 词性 释义与搭配 raise /re z/ v. 使升高;举起;raise the flag / raise your hand notice / n t s/ v.&n. 注意到;通知;put up a notice 张贴通知 across / kr s/ prep.&adv. 横过;across from 在……对面 most /m st/ adj.&pron. 大多数;most of the time 大部分时间 change /t e nd / v.&n. 改变;更换;change seats 换座位 sound /sa nd/ v.&n. 听起来;声音;That sounds fun! 听起来很有趣! yours /j z/ pron. 你的(东西);书信结尾 Yours, Li Hua large /l d / adj. 大的;a large school 一所大学校 special / spe l/ adj. 特别的;What's special in your classroom? smart /sm t/ adj. 智能的;聪明的;smart whiteboard 智能白板 important / m p tnt/ adj. 重要的;an important notice 重要通知 modern / m dn/ adj. 现代的;modern buildings 现代化建筑 amazing / me z / adj. 令人惊奇的;amazing(事物)/ amazed(人) delicious /d l s/ adj. 美味的;delicious food 美味的食物 similar / s m l (r)/ adj. 类似的;be similar to 与……相似 between /b twi n/ prep. 在……之间;between A and B behind /b ha nd/ prep.&adv. 在……后面;反义 in front of another / n (r)/ det.&pron. 又一;另一;another + 单数名词 词形转换(考试高频变形) 原词 词性 转换后 词性 含义 build v. 建造 building n. 建筑物 dine v. 进餐 dining n. 用餐;dining hall 餐厅 special adj. 特别的 specially adv. 特意地;专门地 important adj. 重要的 importance n. 重要性 amaze v. 使惊奇 amazing / amazed adj. 令人惊奇的 / 感到惊奇的 cross v. 穿过 across / crossing prep. / n. 横过 / 十字路口 lock v. 锁 locker n. 存物柜 different adj. 不同的 difference n. 差别 similar adj. 相似的 similarity n. 相似性 tour n. 参观 tourist n. 游客 拓展识记(认识、会写即可):flagpole 旗杆 flag-raising ceremony 升旗仪式 school open day 学校开放日 lost-and-found desk 失物招领处 information point 信息咨询点 school layout 校园布局 give directions 指路 take notes 记笔记 第二关 短语背记(方位短语是描述位置的半成品) 短语 释义与用法 dining hall 餐厅;食堂;have lunch in the dining hall in front of / in the front of 在……前面(外部)/ 在……前部(内部) across from 在……对面;The hall is across from the gym. next to 紧邻;在……近旁;next to the blackboard between and 在……和……之间;between the library and the gym at the back (of) 在(……的)后面;at the back of our classroom in the corner (of) 在(……的)角落里;in the corner of the room put up (notices) 张贴(通知);put it up(代词放中间) at school 在校学习(强调上学状态) do exercises 做体操;做锻炼;do exercises together raise the flag 升旗;raise the flag every Monday be different from / be similar to 与……不同 / 与……相似;be similar in + 方面 many kinds of 许多种;many kinds of food 许多种食物 most of the time 大部分时间;We spend most of our day at school. thanks for 因……而感谢;Thanks for your email. How about ? ……怎么样?(提建议,后接名词或 doing) show sb. around 带某人参观;Let me show you around our school. on the first / second floor 在一楼 / 二楼;在……左边 / 右边(on + the + 序数词 + floor) in the middle of 在……中央;a garden in the middle of our school 易混短语辨析(考试最爱考) 辨析组 区别与例句 in front of / in the front of in front of 在物体外部的前面(There is a tree in front of the classroom.);in the front of 在同一内部空间的前部(The teacher stands in the front of the classroom.) across / over / through across 从表面横过(walk across the road);over 从上方越过(fly over the city);through 从内部穿过(walk through the park) there be / have there be 表客观存在(There is a gym in our school.);have 表拥有(Our school has a gym.);不能混成 There have raise / rise raise 及物,必须带宾语(raise the flag);rise 不及物(The sun rises in the east.) look for / find / find out look for 强调寻找过程;find 强调找到结果;find out 强调查明真相 第三关 句型背记(说位置、谈学校,一问一答) 核心交际句型(一问一答成对背) 功能 句型(中英对照) 询问位置 — Where's the dining hall? 餐厅在哪里? — It's in front of the art building. 在艺术楼前面。 描述方位 The teachers' building is across from the school hall. 教师楼在学校礼堂对面。 某地有某物 There is a smart whiteboard next to the blackboard. 黑板旁边有一块智能白板。 询问有无 — Is there a whiteboard in your classroom? 你教室里有白板吗? — Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. 询问数量 — How many classroom buildings are there in your school? 你们学校有几栋教学楼? — There are three. 有三栋。 询问学校情况 — What's your school like? 你的学校是什么样的? — It is large, modern and welcoming. 很大、很现代、氛围友好。 询问喜欢之处 What do you like about your school? 你喜欢学校的哪些方面? 学校活动 Every Monday, we raise the flag to start a new week. 每周一,我们升旗开启新的一周。 带人参观 Let me show you around our school. 让我带你参观我们的学校。 提建议 How about visiting the student centre first? 先参观学生中心怎么样? 金句背诵(作文和默写都能用上) 英文金句 中文释义 There are 40 student desks in the room. 房间里有 40 张学生课桌。 My favourite place is the library because I can read quietly there. 我最喜欢图书馆,因为我可以在那里安静阅读。 We put up important notices there. 我们在那里张贴重要通知。 Most students do exercises together on the sports field. 大多数学生在运动场一起做操。 Thanks for your email. I'd like to tell you about my school. 谢谢你的邮件。我想给你介绍一下我的学校。 A school is a place to start our dreams. 学校是梦想开始的地方。 It's my favourite place because there are many kinds of food. 这是我最喜欢的地方,因为有很多种食物。 Please write back soon. Bye for now. 请尽快回信。暂时再见。 注意:There be 句型的简答必须用 Yes, there is / No, there isn't,不能答 Yes, it is;How many 后接可数名词复数(How many libraries?);肯定句用 some,否定句和疑问句要改成 any。 第四关 语法过关(There be 是初中地点描述的语法基础) 语法一:There be 句型(存在句) 含义与结构:表示“某地/某时有某物(人)”,there 是引导词、无实义,真正的主语是 be 动词后的名词。基本结构:There + be + 主语 + 地点/时间状语。 形式 用法 例句 There is 后接单数名词 / 不可数名词 There is a library behind the building. There are 后接复数名词 There are some lockers in the hall. There is / are 并列主语(就近原则) There is a pen and two books on the desk. 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 There is / are + 名词 + 方位短语 There is a gym in our school. 否定句 There isn't / aren't + 名词(some any) There aren't any lockers in this room. 一般疑问句 Is / Are there + 名词 + 方位短语? Is there a whiteboard in your classroom? 疑问答语 Yes, there is / are. / No, there isn't / aren't. Yes, there is. / No, there aren't. 特殊疑问:对数量用 How many + 复数名词 + are there?(可数)/ How much + 不可数名词 + is there?(不可数);对地点用 Where is / are?。口诀:There be 放句首,主语跟在后;单数 is 复数 are,就近原则要遵守;否定 be 后 not 加,疑问 be 往前面走;there have 不能有,拥有就要用 have。 语法二:方位介词体系 介词/短语 含义 例句 in / on / under 在……里 / 上(接触)/ 正下方 The map is on the wall. behind / next to 在……后面 / 紧邻 The garden is next to the gym. in front of 在……前面(范围外部) There is a flagpole in front of the hall. in the front of 在……前部(范围内部) The teacher's desk is in the front of the classroom. between and 在……和……之间 The student centre is between the library and the gym. across from 在……对面 The library is across from the sports field. at the back (of) 在(……的)后部 There is a reading corner at the back of our classroom. on the first / second floor 在一楼 / 二楼 The computer room is on the third floor. 补充辨析:next to 与 beside 都表示“紧挨着”;near 只表示“在附近”(The library is near the gate but not next to it.)。方位词要与清晰的参照物搭配使用。 语法三:in front of 与 in the front of(必考) 短语 含义 判断要点 例句 in front of 在……(外部)前面 两个对象不在同一空间内 There is a tree in front of the classroom. in the front of 在……(内部)前部 在同一空间范围内 The teacher stands in the front of the classroom. 延伸辨析:across 从表面横过(walk across the road)、over 从上方越过(fly over the city)、through 从内部穿过(walk through the park)。判断时看参照物:表面、上空还是内部。 语法四:There be 与 have / has 辨析 结构 含义 例句 There be 客观存在:某地有某物 There is a gym in our school. 我们学校有一个体育馆。 have / has 主观拥有:某人拥有某物 Our school has a gym. 我们学校有一个体育馆。 两者可以互换但主语不同:There be + 地点做主语;have + 人/物做主语。绝不能混用成 There have / has。 语音小站:/ / / / /u / / / 四个元音 音素 发音要领 字母/组合 例词 / / 长元音,口张大,舌后缩 or / al / ar sport, short, fork / / 短元音,口形比 / / 稍小 o fox, shot, clock /u / 长元音,双唇收圆 oo / u food, school, rule / / 短元音,双唇稍收圆 oo / u / oo look, good, full 注意相同字母组合读音不一定相同:school /u / 与 good / /。单词重音:首音节重读 LIBrary、INteresting;第二音节重读 comPUter、aNOther、imPORtant。判断重音先分音节,再查词典音标中的重音符号。 易错警示(错误写法对照表,考前必看) 错误表达 正确表达 点拨 There have two labs. There are two labs. there be 表存在,不能与 have 混用 There is two maps. There are two maps. be 与最近名词单复数一致 How many library are there? How many libraries are there? How many 后接可数名词复数 — Is there a library? — Yes, it is. — Yes, there is. there be 简答必须用 there There aren't some lockers. There aren't any lockers. 否定句 some 要变 any There is some waters. There is some water. water 不可数,用 is The flagpole is in the front of the hall.(两个独立地点) in front of the hall 独立地点用 in front of(不加 the) The map is in the wall. The map is on the wall. 张贴在墙面用 on,嵌入墙体才用 in put up it put it up 动词+副词短语,代词宾语放中间 The sun raises. The sun rises. raise 及物带宾语;rise 不及物 spend time to read spend time reading spend 后接 on sth. 或 doing sth. How about to visit the library? How about visiting the library? How about 后接动名词(doing) Because I like reading, so I often go there. Because I like reading, I often go there. because 与 so 不能连用 Most of students walk to school. Most students / Most of the students most of 后需要限定词 考点提示:There be 就近原则、there be 与 have 辨析、in front of / in the front of、some/any、How many + 复数、简答用 there 是 Unit 3 的高频考点;语音 / / / / /u / / / 经常出现在听力辨音题里。写“我的学校”作文时,按 整体印象 空间布局 学校活动 最喜欢的场所 的顺序,多用 There be 句型和方位介词。 附录一 闯关自查表(背完打钩,三遍全勾算过关) 姓名: 班级: 日期: 过关项 第一遍(读背) 第二遍(默写) 第三遍(易错) 单元名片(话题与功能) 词汇(场所设施 + 重点单词 + 词形转换) 短语(含易混辨析) 句型(问答 + 金句) 语法(There be + 方位介词) 易错警示(能挑错改正) 过关标准:第一遍早读跟着读背,把不会的圈出来;第二遍合上书默写(单词、短语、金句中英文);第三遍只过“易错警示”,能把错误写法改对就算过关。 附录二 使用建议(给老师) 本清单按“四关背记”设计,覆盖 Unit 3 全部核心考点:校园场所设施、Section A/B 重点词汇(含音标与搭配)、词形转换、高频短语及易混辨析、交际问答与金句、核心语法(There be 句型 + 方位介词体系,配口诀)和易错对照。 课堂上可以这样用: ① 早读 10 分钟:按关次顺序齐读场所词表和金句,第一遍解决读音; ② 课前 3 分钟:抽一组问答句型,重点练 Where 与 There be 的区别; ③ 考前冲刺:只翻“易错警示”和“考点提示”两栏,重点听写就近原则与方位介词; ④ 单元检测后:用附录一自查表回收,三遍全勾的学生可免抄写作业,作为激励。 整理人: 使用班级: 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $