Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Writing a reflection（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦寓言故事读后感写作核心知识点，以“钉子与栅栏”故事为范例，系统梳理故事梗概叙述（过去时态、时间连词运用）、个人感想阐述（过渡词、非谓语动词作主语/状语）、结论升华（条件状语从句、定语从句）的写作支架，再通过《农夫与蛇》实例引导写作演练，辅以词汇积累和微情境练习巩固语言运用。 该资料特色鲜明，以“学语言-学结构-练写作”为主线，助力提升语言能力，如分析范文中非谓语动词使表达高级；培养思维品质，引导从故事提炼善恶辨别主题；强化学习能力，提供写作步骤（审题、要点合并、衔接）及佳句积累，课中辅助教师高效教学，课后学生可通过课时作业（完形、语法填空、续写）查漏补缺，夯实写作技能。

Section Ⅳ　Writing a reflection 　　Once there was a boy with a bad temper．His dad told him to hammer a nail into the fence every time he lost his temper．The boy learnt to control his temper because it was easier than hammering the nails into the fence．Then his dad asked him to pull one nail out every time he was able to hold his temper．When the boy pulled out all the nails， his dad showed him the holes in the fence， telling him his anger had left “scars” that would never heal， like the holes in the fence． 　　According to the story， it is important to learn how to control your temper so that you do not do or say anything that will hurt other people．So how can we control our temper？ First， we can talk to someone we trust about how we feel．This is a good way of letting our anger out without hurting others．Second， we can go outdoors and play team sports with our friends， because physical exercise provides an effective way to calm down．Third， we can shift our attention to other things such as reading a book or watching a film．Focusing on something else helps us to forget our anger． 　　If we keep calm and stay optimistic， we can take control over our temper， which will benefit throughout life． 学语言 　　首段概括了故事大意，整段都是用的过去时态。作者按时间顺序，使用every time， Then， When等表示时间的连词和副词，使表达更加连贯紧凑。尾句中使用动词－ing短语telling him his anger had left “scars” that would never heal作伴随状语，使句子更加简洁、凝练，表达更高级。 　　在阐述个人的感想时，第二段首句使用了According to the story， it is important to learn ．．．这一承上启下的表达方式，非常值得我们学习；第二句使用并列连词So进行过渡，接着下文中使用First， Second， Third等过渡语层次分明地表达自己的想法；尾句使用动词－ing短语Focusing on something else作主语，使语言表达更高级。 　　尾段使用If引导的条件状语从句，表达了从故事中感悟出的道理和得出的结论。其中，使用了非限制性定语从句which will benefit throughout life。 学结构 　　本文使用了“总—分—总”结构，开头部分叙写故事梗概；主体部分描写对故事的理解和感受；结尾发表自己从故事中悟出的道理和结论。 1.There was a time when many people lived a hard life， with nothing to eat or wear． 曾经有一段时期许多人过着艰苦的生活，缺吃少穿。 2.This story tells of a young man who overcame various difficulties and finally achieved success through his own efforts． 这个故事讲述了一个年轻人通过自己的努力，克服各种困难并最终取得成功。 3.The little girl went through the forest， waded through the river， and found her own mother． 那个小女孩穿过森林，蹚过小河，找到了自己的妈妈。 4.The crow thought that taking a bath every day would make him as white as a swan．It came to the river and kept bathing． 乌鸦以为天天洗澡就能变得像天鹅一样雪白。它来到河边不停地洗澡。 5.After reading the story， what impressed me most was that we should never give up easily． 读完这个故事后，最让我印象深刻的是我们不应该轻易放弃。 6.I think it’s our duty to take good care of the old． 我认为照顾好老人是我们的责任。 　　读下面的经典寓言故事《农夫与蛇》（The Farmer and the Snake），并从这则寓言中提炼出一个恰当的主题，写一篇读后感。 　　Once upon a time， on a cold winter day， a farmer who had gone home from the market found a snake on the roadside．He thought it was frozen and stiff （僵硬的）， so he put it in his arms and let it wake up．The snake was frightened， and when it fully recovered， it instinctively bit the farmer and finally killed the farmer．Before the farmer died， he regretted very much and said sadly，“I want to do good， but because of my shallow knowledge， I hurt my life， so I got this kind of reward．” 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）不得直接引用原文中的句子。 参考词汇：evil邪恶的，有害的 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 一、审题谋篇，结构分明 二、要点陈述，语言规范 1.《农夫与蛇》给我留下了深刻的印象。 I am deeply impressed by The Farmer and the Snake． 2.一位农夫救了一条冻僵的蛇。 A farmer saved a frozen snake． 3.蛇最终把他杀死了。 The snake killed him at last． 4.他们不感谢这些帮助他们的人。 They were not grateful to the people who helped them． 5.有些人欺骗、伤害那些帮助他们的人，并以此获得很多钱财。 Some people deceived and hurt the people who helped them， and got a lot of money from this． 6.这让公众很生气。 It made the public annoyed． 三、句间衔接，过渡自然 1.用which引导的非限制性定语从句合并要点2和要点3 A farmer saved a frozen snake， which killed him at last． 2.用instead of＋doing sth和which引导的非限制性定语从句合并要点4、要点5和要点6 Instead of being grateful to the people who helped them， some people deceived and hurt them and got a lot of money from this， which made the public annoyed． 四、检查誊写，卷面整洁 　　I am deeply impressed by The Farmer and the Snake．The fable goes like this： A farmer saved a frozen snake， which killed him at last． 　　Many of us have surely had the experience of being hurt by the people we ever helped out．Instead of being grateful to the people who helped them， some people deceived and hurt them and got a lot of money from this， which made the public annoyed．But on the other hand， some people in trouble died for lack of timely help． 　　Frankly speaking， it is very important to extend our helping hands．But remember to help the people who are really in need． 词汇 动作描写 motivate v．激发，激励 occupy v．占用，占去（时间） promote v．促进，增进 spit v．吐口水，吐唾沫 distract v．分散（注意力），使分心 rely on依靠，依赖 人物描写 pick up my hobbies 重拾我的爱好 in contrast to与……形成对比 佳句 ①Without our phones， we had a proper conversation for over two hours， without being distracted by messages from other people．（动作描写） 没有手机的我们，好好地聊了两个多小时，没有被其他人的消息干扰。 ②I bet you’re as eager as I am to find out just how many have been motivated enough to last the full seven days!（动作描写） 相信你和我一样，迫切想知道多少人有足够的动力坚持了整整七天! ③I’m now trying to spend less time online and more time picking up my hobbies．（人物描写） 现在，我正试图减少上网时间，把更多精力用于重拾自己的爱好。 微情境1　“我”过去学习缺乏动力，总是依赖他人。在意识到独立的重要性后，“我”开始屏蔽干扰，努力提升自己。 　　I used to be a student without goals． Noises and games would easily 1.distract me from my study （使我从学习中分心）． I realized that I couldn’t 2.rely on my parents （依赖我的父母） forever． Determined to change， I focused on my tasks， refusing to 3.be distracted by the surroundings （被周围环境分心；被动语态）． Hard work and persistence 4.promote personal growth （促进个人成长）． Finally， the desire for a bright future 5. motivated me to study hard （激励我努力学习）． 微情境2　“我”曾经举止粗鲁且生活空虚。为了成为更好的自己，“我”改正了随地吐痰等坏习惯，并重拾画笔，用爱好填满业余时间。 　　6.In contrast to my polite brother （与我有礼貌的哥哥相比）， I was once rude and would 7.spit on the ground （往地上吐痰） in public places．Realizing my rudeness， I decided to improve my manners． I also stopped wasting time on TV． Instead， I 8.picked up my hobbies （重拾我的爱好） like painting and reading． These meaningful activities 9.occupied my spare time （占用了我的业余时间）， which made my life fulfilling． Ⅰ．完形填空 　　Money was often tight when I was growing up． Going out to dinner was something we did once or twice a year 　1　． 　　My parents didn’t have the means to spend as 　2　 as I do right now． Now I won’t hesitate to spend money on 　3　 that make my life easier， whether it’s having my house cleaned by someone else or falling back on takeout meals when I’m too busy to cook． But even though my parents didn’t have tons of financial resources at their disposal （供任意使用）， they were always very financially 　4　． It was my mom who taught me how to 　5　 the money I got when I went to college and the 　6　 of always having money in my savings account． 　　When I was in my teens， I did different jobs． And appealing as it was to spend the money I was earning， I instead put most of it in the 　7　． That was the basis of the 　8　 fund my mom encouraged me to build． Since then， I’ve 　9　 to my savings through the years， banking things like bonuses （奖金） at work． And before I knew it， I had enough cash to 　10　 multiple months’ worth of bills． Meanwhile， my fund has helped me 　11　 credit card debt and has also 　12　 me the cost and 　13　 of going into serious debt due to a series of home repairs． 　　That’s why I make a point of encouraging my kids to build up savings． I’m extremely 　14　 that my mom 　15　 it into me that savings are vital． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者幼时家境拮据，父母虽财力有限却善于理财，母亲教其存钱并建立应急基金，这笔储蓄助其规避债务，作者对此心怀感激并鼓励子女储蓄。 1.A．at first　 B．at least C．at best　 D．at last 解析：C　根据文章首句可知，作者在成长的过程中，经济常常比较拮据，所以外出吃饭是很稀罕的事，最多一年也就出去吃一两顿饭而已。at best意为“至多”。 2.A．freely　 B．rarely C．effectively　 D．selfishly 解析：A　此处将父母当年的经济状况和自己现在对比，现在的自己花钱更自在，自由地挥霍钱财。 3.A．challenge　 B．adventures C．journeys　 D．conveniences 解析：D　根据whether it’s having my house cleaned by someone else or falling back on takeout meals可知，“请人打扫房间、忙时吃外卖”都是能让生活变轻松的便利事物。 4.A．stable　 B．wise C．successful　 D．dependent 解析：B　根据下文always having money in my savings account可知，父母在理财方面很明智。 5.A．manage　 B．spend C．earn　 D．donate 解析：A　根据taught可知，作者的妈妈教作者如何管理自己的钱，还教作者储蓄账户里一直有钱的重要性。 6.A．result　 B．risk C．importance　 D．impossibility 解析：C　参见上题解析。 7.A．school　 B．bank C．office　 D．studio 解析：B　根据put most of it可知，此处指作者把赚来的大部分钱存进银行。 8.A．insurance　 B．retirement C．education　 D．emergency 解析：D　根据语境可知，母亲鼓励作者建立的这笔钱，是应对突发状况的应急基金。 9.A．added　 B．seen C．turned　 D．adapted 解析：A　根据banking things like bonuses at work可知，从那以后，作者多年来一直往储蓄账户里增加钱，比如把工作奖金存进去。 10.A．sign　 B．cover C．escape　 D．approve 解析：B　根据enough cash可知，此处指足以支付几个月的账单。 11.A．cancel　 B．pay C．avoid　 D．owe 解析：C　根据credit card debt可知，应急基金帮作者避免了信用卡债务。 12.A．shown　 B．spared C．taught　 D．passed 解析：B　根据and可知，这笔资金还让作者免去了因房屋维修陷入严重债务的成本和麻烦。 13.A．profit　 B．benefit C．trouble　 D．effort 解析：C　参见上题解析。 14.A．surprised　 B．ashamed C．hopeful　 D．grateful 解析：D　根据上文That’s why I make a point of encouraging my kids to build up savings．可知，作者也这样教育自己的孩子，说明作者非常感激母亲。 15.A．drilled　 B．sent C．forced　 D．put 解析：A　根据that savings are vital可知，此处指母亲反复教导作者储蓄至关重要。drill sth into sb意为“反复向某人灌输某事”。 Ⅱ．语法填空 　　（2026•云南昆明高二期中）The three days before Thanksgiving are extremely busy at Kau Kau BBQ， a popular Chinese restaurant in Seattle’s Chinatown．Besides its regular Chinese roast duck， the shop also prepares a special holiday turkey using 16.　　　　　　 traditional Chinese roasting method． 　　Unlike the American－style turkey， which is 17.　　　　　　 （typical） seasoned with a dry rub on the outside， the Chinese version is only soaked in salt water inside its stomach． 　　For many Chinese－American families， this turkey represents a cultural balance — 18.　　　　　　 （allow） them to join in American traditions while keeping their own culinary tastes．“They want to celebrate Thanksgiving， 19.　　　　　　 they aren’t fully comfortable with the typical American turkey，” said Eric Cheung， the owner of a barbecue shop in San Francisco． 　　Sometimes， it’s the younger generation 20.　　　　　　 encourages the family to try turkey．Having learned about Thanksgiving in school， they see it 21.　　　　　　 an important American tradition．“It’s such a big part of the culture here，” said blogger Andrew Shiue．“We wanted 22.　　　　　　 （include）， even if our parents found it unfamiliar at first．” 　　In this way， the Chinese－style turkey 23.　　　　　　 （become） more than just a dish so far — it’s a symbol of 24.　　　　　　 （adapt） and identity， showing how immigrant families can honor 25.　　　　　　 （they） roots while embracing new traditions． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西雅图及旧金山中餐馆推出中式烤火鸡，以独特做法平衡中美饮食文化，受华裔家庭青睐，尤其获年轻一代支持，成为移民家庭传承根脉、融入新传统的象征。 16.a　考查冠词。此处method为泛指，且traditional的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 17.typically　考查副词。此处修饰动词seasoned，应用副词，作状语。故填typically。 18.allowing　考查非谓语动词。此处allow与turkey构成主动关系，应用动词－ing形式作状语。故填allowing。 19.but　考查连词。结合语境可知，前后是转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填but。 20.that/who　考查强调句。此处为强调句：It be＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分，被强调部分为the younger generation。故填that/who。 21.as　考查介词。固定短语see ．．．as ．．．表示“认为某事是……”。故填as。 22.to be included　考查非谓语动词。want后跟动词不定式作宾语，且include与We构成被动关系，应用to be done形式。故填to be included。 23.has become　考查时态和主谓一致。根据so far可知，时态为现在完成时，主语为turkey，助动词应用has。故填has become。 24.adaptation　考查名词。空处和其后的and identity作介词的宾语，应用名词adaptation。故填adaptation。 25.their　考查代词。此处修饰名词roots，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 Ⅲ．读后续写 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　（2026•广东东莞期中） A 12－year－old boy saw something in a shop window that made his heart beat faster． It was a jewel box． But the price — five dollars — was far beyond Reuben Earle’s ability． However， he opened the door and went inside． Standing proud and straight， he told the shopkeeper what he wanted， adding，“But I don’t have the money right now． Can you please hold it for me for some time？” 　　“I’ll try，” the shopkeeper smiled． 　　“I will raise the five dollars and not tell anybody，” Reuben said to himself． 　　Hearing the sound of hammering from a side street， Reuben had an idea． People built their own homes in Bay Roberts， using nails bought in sacks （麻布袋） from a local factory． Sometimes the sacks were thrown away， and Reuben knew he could sell them back to the factory and he could get five cents a piece． 　　That day he found two sacks and sold them to the man in charge of packing nails． 　　The boy’s hand tightly held the five－cent pieces as he ran home． Near his house stood an ancient barn （谷仓）．Reuben found a soda tin can （罐头） and dropped his coins inside． Then he climbed into the top of the barn and hid the tin can． 　　All summer long， despite housework at home， Reuben kept on working for his secret task． Although he was cold， tired and hungry， the thought of the jewel box in the shop window made him keep going on． 　　Mother’s Day had come! He uncovered the tin can， poured the coins out and began to count． He needed 20 cents more． He had to find four more sacks and sell them before the day ended． 　　Towards evening， Reuben arrived at the factory． The sack buyer was about to close and leave． 　　“Sir! Please don’t close up yet．” 　　The man turned and saw Reuben， dirty and sweating． 　　“Come back tomorrow， boy．” 　　“Please， Sir． I have to sell the sacks now — please．” 注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 　　The man heard a slight shake in Reuben’s voice and could tell he was close to tears．　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　Then he put the parcel in Reuben’s hands．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： 　　The man heard a slight shake in Reuben’s voice and could tell he was close to tears． “Why do you need this money so badly？” “It’s a secret．” The man took the sacks， reached into his pocket and put four coins in Reuben’s hand． Reuben murmured a thank you and ran home． Then， holding the tin can in his hand， he headed for the shop． “I have the money，” he told the owner proudly． The man went to the window and fetched Reuben’s treasure． He wiped the dust off and gently wrapped it in brown paper． 　　Then he put the parcel in Reuben’s hands．Racing home， Reuben burst through the front door． “Here， Mum! Here!” Reuben exclaimed as he ran to her excitedly． Then he placed a small box in her work－roughened hand． Mum unwrapped it carefully． A blue－velvet jewel box appeared． Mum gently lifted the lid， with tears welling up in her eyes． She had never received such a precious gift． A smile flashing across her face， she held Reuben tightly in her arms． 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $