Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Using Language（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版)

本讲义聚焦“海外中文学习”与“留学利弊讨论”核心主题，通过话题词汇（如cultural exchange）、句式积累（如Not only...but also...）搭建语言基础，结合听力二次开发（测试与填空）提升听说能力，依托正反观点议论文（王丽与张毅信件）分析论证结构与写作手法，形成从语言输入到输出的完整学习支架。 该资料突出语言能力与思维品质、文化意识的融合培养。听力训练强化信息抓取与细节理解，议论文对比分析（如让步转折、排比修辞）提升逻辑思辨能力，话题关联“一带一路”等现实背景增强跨文化认知。课中辅助教师开展听说读写综合教学，课后通过词汇拓展、句型练习及分层作业帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺。

Section Ⅲ　Using Language Part Ⅰ　Talk about Chinese language learning abroad Ⅰ．话题词汇 1.a great inspiration 伟大的灵感 2.cultural exchange 文化交流 3.break down language and cultural barriers 打破语言和文化障碍 4.economic backgrounds 经济背景 5.an average student 一名普通学生 6.a cultural difference 文化差异 7.communication styles 交流方式 8.emphasize greetings 重视问候 9.hugs and kisses 拥抱和亲吻 10.make a gesture 打手势 11.rub each other’s noses 彼此蹭鼻子 12.give sb a thumbs－up sign 给某人一个赞 13.introduce his family 介绍他的家人 14.table manners 餐桌礼仪 15.enjoy a quiet meal 安静用餐 Ⅱ．话题句式 1.Knowledge of the Chinese language and culture is important because of increasing cultural exchanges between China and the world． 中国语言和文化知识之所以重要，是因为中国与世界的文化交流日益频繁。 2.The growing popularity of Chinese language learning abroad reflects China’s rising global influence． 海外中文学习的日益普及，反映了中国不断提升的全球影响力。 3.A large number of foreign learners take up Chinese to seize more opportunities in the Chinese market． 大量外国学习者开始学习中文，以抓住中国市场的更多机遇。 4.Not only does Chinese language learning abroad promote cultural exchange， but it also strengthens the friendship between China and other countries． 海外中文学习不仅促进了文化交流，还加强了中国与其他国家的友谊。 5.Chinese has become one of the most widely learned foreign languages in the world， with millions of learners abroad． 汉语已成为世界上学习人数最多的外语之一，海外学习者达数百万。 6.Chinese language learning abroad serves as a bridge connecting China and the rest of the world． 海外中文学习是连接中国与世界的桥梁。 7.By learning Chinese， foreign learners can break down cultural barriers and build mutual understanding． 通过学习中文，外国学习者能够打破文化壁垒，建立相互理解。 8.With the Belt and Road Initiative advancing， Chinese language learning abroad has entered a new stage of development． 随着“一带一路”倡议的推进，海外中文学习进入了新的发展阶段。 Ⅲ．教材听力二次开发 （一）听力测试 Listen to the conversation in the textbook and choose the best answers to the following questions． 1.Where does the conversation take place？（　　） A．It appears to take place in a radio studio． B．It appears to take place in a classroom． C．It appears to take place in a supermarket． 2.Who are the people speaking？（　　） A．A teacher and a student． B．A father and a daughter． C．A radio host and a Chinese teacher named Aisha Khan． 3.What are they talking about？（　　） A．They are talking about Chinese learning in the Confucius Institute in Pakistan． B．They are talking about the method of learning Chinese． C．They are talking about the teachers and students in the Confucius Institute in Pakistan． 4.What made Aisha feel like she was part of Ms Hu’s family？（　　） A．Being kind to her． B．Making and eating delicious dumplings together in Ms Hu’s home． C．Ms Hu taught her about Chinese culture． 答案：1－4　ACAB （二）听力填空 Listen to the conversation in the textbook again and fill in the blanks with the words or sentences you hear． Host：This morning we’re looking at Chinese language learning around the world．We’re very pleased to welcome Aisha Khan， who is from the Confucius Institute in Karachi， Pakistan．Good morning， Aisha．First， tell us 1.how you came to speak Chinese so well! Aisha Khan：Morning．Well， because I had a great teacher， Ms Hu! She is the best Chinese teacher in my city． Host：So what makes her such a great teacher？ Aisha Khan：Well， apart from language， she taught us about Chinese culture， and we came to love it． Host：Oh， really， what sort of things did she teach you？ Aisha Khan：Well，once she taught us 2.how to make dumplings．She said that during Chinese New Year， families usually sit together and make dumplings.3.Eating those delicious dumplings together in Ms Hu’s home， we felt like family! Host：She sounds like a great teacher．I bet she’s a great inspiration， too．Is that why you became a teacher yourself？ Aisha Khan：Absolutely．She knew the important role language and 4.cultural exchange would play in the future．I wanted to carry on her work， so I joined the institute as a teacher． Host：Has the institute changed a lot since then？ Aisha Khan：Yes．At first， we only had a few students and teachers．Now we have many more．The institute is also 5.a centre for Chinese activities， like a bridge into China． Host： So why do you think it’s been so successful？ Aisha Khan：Well， I think learning Chinese has become important for many people， and Chinese culture is famous around the world． Host：It is， isn’t it？ I believe 6.its importance has grown because trade between China and Pakistan has increased． Aisha Khan：Definitely．And as Ms Hu believes， 7.breaking down language and cultural barriers brings the world together． Host：Your students must also feel that learning Chinese 8.is beneficial to their future． Aisha Khan：Indeed．Many students go to work at Chinese companies．It’s great to see them go on to strengthen our connection with China． Host：You seem to love your job． Aisha Khan：Oh， certainly．It’s very satisfying． Host：Oh， that’s great to hear! Well， thanks for joining us．It was a pleasure talking with you． Carry on the good work! Part Ⅱ　Express your opinions on studying abroad STUDYING ABROAD：IS IT A GOOD OR A BAD IDEA？ Dear Editor， 　　In the past few decades①， there has been a dramatic increase② in the number of people studying abroad．［1］Although studying abroad can bring great benefits， I think the disadvantages for young people are greater． 　　［2］To begin with③， many students who study abroad face great economic pressure．［3］That means studying abroad is just not possible for everyone．Tuition fees④ and living expenses⑤ are much higher than at home and could end up⑥costing most families an arm and a leg⑦．Studying in China is much more convenient and can help save money． 　　【释疑难】　句［3］中not与everyone构成部分否定，意为“并不是每个人”。 　　［4］Another important factor to consider is the tremendous pressure⑧ that comes with studying abroad．Students must learn how to live in an unfamiliar environment⑨ with limited language skills．Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock⑩ when learning how to behave in new surroundings．Other students are not mature enough to handle the challenges⑪ by themselves and may become depressed⑫．Some students might even encounter problems⑬ with personal safety．In addition⑭， different approaches to teaching and learning may come as a shock⑮ to many students． 　　［5］A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits⑯， young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to⑰! As China has boomed， the educational environment has improved significantly， with many great universities now available．They have great facilities and outstanding professors， helping to educate young people who will contribute to⑱ the economy and further strengthen our country． 　　【释疑难】　句［5］中that引导表语从句，其中while引导让步状语从句，who引导定语从句。 　　［6］To sum up， one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages， so when you think about studying abroad， you should consider these many factors． Kind regards， Wang Li （mother of twin girls） 　　【释疑难】　句［6］是so连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中，that引导the fact的同位语从句；第二个分句中，when引导时间状语从句。 Dear Editor， 　　［7］Is studying abroad a good idea or not？ There are certainly disadvantages， but in my opinion， the advantages are much greater．［8］As I always tell my son， there are no great difficulties for a person who is brave， optimistic， and willing to work hard! 　　【释疑难】　句［8］中As引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词a person。 　　The first advantage of studying abroad is personal growth⑲．The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better．For example， you will certainly become more independent⑳ because you will have to deal with all kinds of difficulties㉑ by yourself．Studying abroad also helps you to gain a global perspective㉒ and improve your general competence㉓． 　　［9］Another advantage is the increased chance for cultural exchange．Chinese students can be seen as㉔ cultural envoys promoting friendship between nations㉕．International students in China also bring their colourful cultures here．Cooperating with㉖ people from diverse cultural backgrounds㉗ helps us view the world from different angles㉘ and thus gives us more insight into㉙ our own culture． 　　Finally， studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland㉚．China’s global outlook㉛， with projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative㉜， has helped us make connections across the world㉝．［10］Therefore， China needs more talented young people with a global perspective㉞ who are highly competent with languages， have leadership and organisational skills㉟， and have strong cultural awareness．［11］Students who study abroad will develop such skills and abilities， and these in turn will provide them with better career opportunities． 　　【释疑难】　句［11］是and连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中，who引导定语从句，修饰先行词Students。 　　［12］All in all， studying abroad helps to build character㊱ and increase people’s understanding of cultural diversity㊲ while strengthening China and building a shared future㊳ for all． ［13］I think this life－changing experience is certainly worthwhile， and I hope my child will study abroad in the future． Sincerely yours， Zhang Yi （father of one boy） 语块翻译 ①在过去的几十年里 ②急剧增长 ③首先 ④学费 ⑤生活费 ⑥以……告终 ⑦（使）花一大笔钱 ⑧巨大压力 ⑨在一个陌生的环境中生活 ⑩遭受文化冲击 ⑪不够成熟，无法应对这些挑战 ⑫感到沮丧 ⑬遇到问题 ⑭另外 ⑮令人震惊 ⑯有诸多潜在的益处 ⑰盼望，期望 ⑱为……做贡献 ⑲个人成长 ⑳变得更加独立 ㉑应对各种困难 ㉒获得全球视野 ㉓提升综合能力 ㉔被看作 ㉕增进国际友谊 ㉖和……合作 ㉗多元文化背景 ㉘从不同视角看待世界 ㉙让我们对……有更深入的了解 ㉚为祖国发展做贡献 ㉛全球前景 ㉜“一带一路”倡议 ㉝建立全球联系 ㉞全球视野 ㉟有领导与组织能力 ㊱塑造品格/培养品性 ㊲文化多样性 ㊳构建一个共同的未来 熟词生义 1.handle （第一封信：Para.3） 熟义：vt．处理；操作 生义：vt．应对（挑战、困难、压力等） 2.competent （第二封信：Para.4） 熟义：adj．有能力的；称职的 文中义：adj．精通的；熟练的 句［1］采用让步转折表达观点，先承认留学益处，再阐明自身观点，立场清晰，更具说服力。 句［2］［4］［5］分别用To begin with、Another important factor to consider is和A final point to consider is that引出三个支撑论点，避开普通衔接词，给人耳目一新的感觉。 句［6］用To sum up总结全文，承接上文分论点，自然强化“留学应理性看待弊端”的中心论点。 句［7］用设问句开篇，自然引出“利弊对比” 的话题，比陈述句更有吸引力。 句［9］承接上文 “个人成长”，引出第二个分论点“文化交流”，标志着本段继续论述留学优势，结构递进、层次清晰。 句［10］运用排比修辞，结构整齐，句式饱满有力，逻辑清晰，突出人才素养全面，增强表达说服力。 句［12］用All in all使文章进入总结升华阶段；运用排比式动词短语，从个人成长、文化认识、国家发展和人类命运四个维度层层递进，全面升华了留学的意义。 句［13］运用比喻修辞，将留学经历比作改变人生的经历，生动凸显了其对个人成长的深远影响。 参考译文 留学：好主意，还是坏主意？ 尊敬的编辑： 　　过去几十年里，留学人数急剧增长。尽管留学大有裨益，但我认为，留学对于年轻人来说是弊大于利。 　　首先，许多留学生面临着巨大的经济压力，那意味着并非每个人都有留学的可能。学费和生活开销比国内贵多了，多数家庭最终可能会花费一大笔钱。 而在中国读书则更加方便，还能省钱。 　　需要考虑的另一个重要因素是留学所带来的巨大压力。学生必须学会靠有限的语言技能在一个陌生的环境中生活。在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。另一些学生则还不够成熟，无法独立应付各种挑战，因而感到苦闷。有些学生甚至会遭遇人身安全问题。此外，不同的教和学的方式对很多学生来说也是一种冲击。 　　最后要考虑的一点是：尽管留学有诸多潜在的益处，但是在中国读书的年轻人同样未来可期!随着中国的蓬勃发展，教育环境已大为改观，优质大学比比皆是。这些高校拥有一流的设施和杰出的教授，助力培养为经济作贡献、进一步增强我国实力的年轻人。 　　总之，出国留学有不利的一面，这个事实是不可否认的。因此当你想要海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。 谨致问候， 王丽（一对双胞胎女孩的母亲） 尊敬的编辑： 　　留学是个好主意还是坏主意呢？留学当然有其弊端，但我认为利大于弊。我时常告诫我儿子：对勇敢、乐观、愿意拼搏的人来说，世上无难事! 　　留学的第一个好处就是个人成长。你获得的教育和拥有的经历将有助于你提升自我。例如，由于你需要独自应对各种困难，你一定会变得更加独立。留学还有助于你获得全球视野，提升综合能力。 　　留学的另一个好处是获得更多文化交流的机会。中国留学生可被视为增进国际友谊的文化使者。在华的外国留学生也带来他们丰富多彩的文化。与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。 　　最后，留学是为祖国的发展作出贡献的好机会。中国“一带一路”倡议等项目的全球前景帮助我们与世界建立联系。因此，中国需要更多有才能、有国际视野、语言能力极强、具有领导力和组织能力、拥有强烈文化意识的年轻人。海外求学的学生能够培养这类技能，而这些技能反过来又将为他们带来更好的就业机会。 　　总而言之，留学有助于塑造品格，增进人们对文化多样性的理解，同时增强中国实力，打造人类命运共同体。我认为这改变一生的经历当然是值得的，我希望我的孩子将来去国外留学。 谨致问候， 张毅（一个男孩的父亲） Ⅰ．阅读词汇 1.overwhelming temptation无法抗拒的诱惑 2.tremendous pressure　　巨大的压力 3.economic boom　　经济繁荣 4.a global perspective　　全球视野 5.cultural envoys　　文化使者 6.global outlook　　全球前景 Ⅱ．写作词汇 1.have a keen insight　　有敏锐的洞察力 2.grasp the meaning of the word　　理解单词的意思 3.living expenses　　生活费 4.a mature young man　　一个成熟的年轻人 5.deny the fact　　否认事实 6.from different angles　　从不同的角度 7.the Belt and Road Initiative　　“一带一路”倡议 8.the education budget　　教育预算 9.a satisfying outcome　　令人满意的结果 Ⅲ．多义词汇 1.①expose the truth　　揭露真相 ②expose the film to light　　使胶片曝光 ③expose oneself to danger　　使自己置于危险中 ④expose students to advanced technology　　让学生接触先进技术 2.①gain a better understanding of ．．．　　对……有更好的理解 ②gain weight due to unhealthy eating　　因不健康的饮食而增重 ③gain a good reputation　　获得一个好名声 ④No pains， no gains．　　不劳无获。 3.①remain firm in one’s beliefs　　坚定自己的信念 ②lay a firm foundation for success　　为成功奠定坚实的基础 ③a famous law firm　　 一家著名的律师事务所 Ⅳ．拓展词汇 1.homesickness n．思乡病；乡愁→homesick adj．想家的；思乡的 2.motivated adj．积极的；主动的→motivation n．动力；积极性；动机→motivate vt．成为……的动机；激发；激励 3.advisor n．顾问→advise vi．& vt．劝告；建议→advice n．忠告；建议 4.reasonable adj．有道理的；合情理的→unreasonable adj．不合理的；不公正的→reasonably adv．合理地；公平合理地；适度地 5.expectation n．期望；预期；期待→expect vt．期待；期望；预计→unexpected adj．出乎意料的→unexpectedly adv．出乎意料地；意外地 6.applicant n．申请人→apply vi．& vt．申请；适用 vt．应用；涂；敷；使专注于；手压；脚踩→application n．申请；申请表；申请书；运用；使用 7.exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露→expose vt．使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于（险境）→exposed adj．无遮蔽的；无保护的；易受攻击的 8.departure n．离开；启程；出发→depart vi．& vt．离开；启程；出发 9.behave vi．表现 vi．& vt．表现得体；有礼貌→well－behaved adj．表现好的→badly－behaved adj．表现差的→behaviour n．行为；举止；表现 10.surroundings n．［pl．］环境；周围的事物→surrounding adj．周围的；附近的→surround vt．围绕；环绕；包围 11.depressed adj．沮丧的；意志消沉的→depress vt．使沮丧；使忧愁→depressing adj．令人沮丧的→depression n．抑郁；萧条期 12.strengthen vi．& vt．加强；增强；巩固→strong adj．强壮的；结实的→strength n．体力；力气；力量；强度；优点；长处 13.optimistic adj．乐观的→optimist n．乐观主义者→optimism n．乐观主义 14.competence n．能力；胜任；本领→competent adj．有能力的；称职的 15.cooperate vi．合作；协作；配合→cooperative adj．合作的；协作的→cooperation n．合作；配合 16.sincerely adv．真诚地；诚实地→sincere adj．真诚的；诚实的→sincerity n．真诚；诚挚 17.logical adj．合乎逻辑的；合情合理的→logically adv．合乎逻辑地→logic n．逻辑（学）；道理 构词法 形容词后缀－able表示“能够……的；可以……的；适合……的；值得……的”等。 ①read→readable 可读的 ②drink→drinkable 可饮用的 ③accept→acceptable 可接受的 ④move→movable 可移动的 ⑤use→usable 可用的 ⑥rely→reliable 可靠的 ⑦apply→applicable 适用的 ⑧operate→operable 可操作的 Ⅴ．短语互译 1.culture shock文化冲击 2.comfort zone　　舒适区；舒适范围 3.cost an arm and a leg　　（使）花一大笔钱 4.side with　　支持；站在……的一边 5.as far as I know　　据我所知 6.as far as I am concerned　　就我而言；依我看来 7.in summary　　总的来说；总之 8.generally speaking　　一般来说 9.to sum up　　综上所述 10.end up　　最终成为，最后处于 11.contribute to　为……做贡献，是……的原因之一 12.to begin with　　首先；第一 Ⅵ．句型填空 1.句型公式：部分否定 教材原句：That means studying abroad is just not possible for everyone． 那意味着并非每个人都有留学的可能。 2.句型公式：状语从句的省略 教材原句：Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings． 在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。 3.句型公式：with复合结构 教材原句：As China has boomed，the educational environment has improved significantly，with many great universities now available． 随着中国的蓬勃发展，教育环境已大为改观，优质大学比比皆是。 4.句型公式：that引导同位语从句 教材原句：To sum up，one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages． 总之，出国留学有不利的一面，这个事实是不可否认的。 5.句型公式：动词－ing形式短语作主语 教材原句：Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives us more insight into our own culture． 与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。 写作词汇集释 1.motivated adj．积极的；主动的→motivation n．动力；积极性；动机→motivate vt．成为……的动机；激发；激励 教材原句　I became more motivated， and I’m also a lot more ambitious now! 我变得更有动力了，现在我也更有雄心了! 【用法】 （1）motivate sb to do sth激励某人做某事 be motivated by ．．．　　受……的激励 （2）lack of motivation　　缺乏动力 boost one’s motivation　　提升某人的动力 【佳句】　With each space mission comes greater insight，thus motivating us to continue along the same path of adventure．　（译林选必三） 每次太空任务的进行，随之而来的是更深刻的理解，激励着我们沿着同一条冒险之路继续前行。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Motivated （motivate） by his classmates and teachers， he was sure of winning the competition with great confidence． ②No matter how tough the road may be， a burning motivation （motivate） will light the way and carry us to success． 【写美】　完成句子 ③很显然，这个活动的目的旨在鼓励人们提高环保意识。 It’s very clear that the activity is designed to motivate people to raise the awareness of environmental protection． 2.expectation n．期望；预期；期待→expect vt．期待；期望；预计→unexpected adj．出乎意料的→unexpectedly adv．出乎意料地；意外地 教材原句　The advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations when studying abroad． 指导老师谈到在国外学习时要保持合理的期望。 【用法】 （1）live up to/come to/meet one’s expectations不负某人所望 beyond （one’s） expectations 　　出乎（某人）意料地 （2）expect （sb） to do ．．．　　期待（某人）做…… （3）as expected　　正如预期的 【佳句】　He performed beyond everyone’s expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts．　（外研选必一） 凭借精准的投篮和不懈的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①My parents expect me to be admitted （admit） to a key university．As a result， I concentrate on studying to meet their expectations （expect）． ②Unexpectedly （unexpected），it was the assistant that came up with a good idea to address the challenging problem once and for all． ③I was extremely astonished at the unexpected （expected） news and rooted to the ground．　（情感描写） 【写美】　完成句子 ④我没让我的父母失望。换句话说，我没有辜负他们的期望。 I didn’t let my parents down． In other words， I lived up to their expectations． 3.applicant n．申请人→apply vi．& vt．申请；适用 vt．应用；涂；敷；使专注于；手压；脚踩→application n．申请；申请表；申请书；运用；使用；应用程序 教材原句　Who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm？ 谁会是那家律师事务所暑期工作的成功申请者？ 【用法】 apply to sb for sth 向某人申请得到某物 apply A to B 　　把A应用于/涂抹于B apply to sb/sth 　　适用于某人/某物 apply oneself to （doing） sth 　　专注于（做）某事；集中精力于（做）某事 apply to do sth 　　申请做某事 【佳句】　Out of the thousands of applicants， eleven were selected，including a young woman from China． 　（外研选必一） 成千上万名应聘者中，有11人被选中，其中包括一名年轻的中国姑娘。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The final ten women astronauts were selected from among 1，000 applicants （apply）． ②The new technology has been applied to agriculture and already made tremendous achievements． ③ If you want to apply to participate （participate） in the coming Autumn Games， you must fill in an application （apply） before 15 May． 【写美】　完成句子 ④得知您正在寻找一位教学顾问，我写信向您申请这个职位。如果您能考虑我的申请，我将感激不尽。　（申请信） Learning that you are looking for a teaching advisor，I am writing to apply to you for the position． I would be grateful if you could take my application into consideration． 4.exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露→expose vt．使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于（险境）→exposed adj．无遮蔽的；无保护的；易受攻击的 教材原句　Exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world．接触另一种文化和人民可以让留学生对世界有深刻的了解。 【用法】 （1）exposure to ．．．接触……；暴露于…… （2）expose ．．．to ．．．　　使……暴露于…… be exposed to　　暴露于；接触 【积累】 ①get you exposed to our school lives 让你接触到我们的学校生活 ②expose oneself to some Chinese programmes 接触一些中文节目 【佳句】　Exposure to tremendous pressure makes me depressed，so I am writing to ask for your tips on how to ease stress．　（求助信） 承受巨大的压力让我感到抑郁，因此我写信向您请教缓解压力的方法。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Generally speaking， there is a direct link between exposure （expose） to the sun and skin cancer， so try to avoid exposing your skin to the sun． 【写美】　句式升级 ②As I am exposed to foreign teachers constantly in my daily life，I can communicate freely with foreigners in English． →Exposed to foreign teachers constantly in my daily life，I can communicate freely with foreigners in English．（动词－ed短语作状语） →Exposing myself to foreign teachers constantly in my daily life，I can communicate freely with foreigners in English．（动词－ing短语作状语） 5.behave vi．表现 vi．& vt．表现得体；有礼貌→well－behaved adj．表现好的→badly－behaved adj．表现差的→behaviour n．行为；举止；表现 教材原句　Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings． 在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。 【用法】 behave oneself守规矩/举止得体 behave well/badly to/towards sb　　对待某人好/差 behave as if/though　　表现得好像…… 【积累】　①normal behaviour 正常行为 ②social behaviour 社交行为 ③change one’s behaviour 改变某人的行为 【佳句】　The following are some reasonable suggestions on how to behave ourselves in public places．　（建议信） 以下是一些关于如何在公共场所举止得体的合理建议。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①They behaved badly to/towards me at the party， which made me very angry．　（情感描写） ②He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks’ behaviour （behave）．　（外研必修二） 【写美】　完成句子 ③他彬彬有礼，给在场的人们留下了很深的印象。　（人物描写） He was well－behaved， which left a deep impression on the people present． 6.surroundings n．［pl．］ 环境；周围的事物→surrounding adj．周围的；附近的→surround vt．围绕；包围 教材原句　Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings． 在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。 【用法】 surround ．．．with ．．．使……包围…… be surrounded by/with ．．．　　被……包围 【佳句】　The simple tunes and beautiful natural images are often very suggestive of countryside surroundings． 　（译林选必一） 简单的曲调和唯美的大自然画面常常使人联想到乡村的环境。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①She was faced with a new job， in unfamiliar surroundings （surround） with strange people． ②I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself with optimistic people． ③ Not only can the surrounding （surround） people have a positive effect on you but you can also study in better learning surroundings （surround）． 【写美】　完成句子 ④总而言之，欢迎您来我们学校，我真诚地希望您可以尽快适应新环境。 To sum up，you are welcome to our school and I sincerely hope that you can adapt to the new surroundings soon． 7.strengthen vi．& vt．加强；增强；巩固→strength n．力气；力量；强项 教材原句　They have great facilities and outstanding professors， helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country． 这些高校拥有一流的设施和杰出的教授，助力培养为经济作贡献、进一步增强我国实力的年轻人。 【用法】 （1）strengthen cooperation加强合作 （2）strengths and weaknesses　　优点和缺点 build up one’s strength/body　　强身健体 The strength of ．．．is that ．．．　……的优势是…… 【积累】　动词前后缀－en ①able→enable 使能够 ②large→enlarge 　　扩大；放大 ③rich→enrich 　　使丰富；使富有 ④sure→ensure 　　确保；保证 ⑤wide→widen 　　拓宽；加宽 ⑥short→shorten 　　缩短 ⑦deep→deepen 　　加深 ⑧soft→soften 　　使变软；使温和 【佳句】　Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths and weaknesses．　（主旨升华） 幸福和成功往往属于那些善于认识到自己的长处和短处的人。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①My ambition is to strengthen （strength） my overall competence by taking part in colorful activities． ②Knowing your strengths （strong） and weaknesses will help you achieve your dreams． 【写美】　完成句子 ③为了强身健体，丰富我们的校园生活，上周日，我们学校组织了一场5公里的越野跑比赛。 To build up our strength and enrich our campus lives，our school organized a 5 km cross－country running race last Sunday．8.deny vt．否认；否定；拒绝 教材原句　To sum up，one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages，so when you think about studying abroad， you should consider these many factors． 总之，出国留学有不利的一面，这个事实是不可否认的，所以当你想要海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。 【用法】 （1）deny doing sth否认做某事 （2）It can’t be denied that ．．．　　不可否认…… There is no denying that ．．．　　不可否认…… 【佳句】　There is no denying that the Internet brings both convenience and challenges． 不可否认，互联网既带来便利也带来挑战。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①He denied breaking （break） his promise to support his friend in times of need． ②It can’t be denied （deny） that technology has changed our life greatly． 【写美】　完成句子 ③在我看来，没有人可以否认孔子是中国文化最具代表性的象征这一事实。 From my perspective， no one can deny the fact that Confucius is the most representative symbol of Chinese culture． 9.gain vt．获得；赢得；取得；增加 n．好处；增加 教材原句　The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better． 你获得的教育和拥有的经历将有助于你提升自我。 【用法】 （1）gain ．．．from ．．．从……中受益 gain one’s respect/trust　　获得某人的尊重/信任 （2）No pains， no gains．　　不劳无获。 【佳句】　Not only did we gain a good knowledge of gardening but also had a better understanding of nature from this activity．　（2023•1月浙江卷） 通过这次活动，我们不仅获得了园艺知识，而且对大自然有了更好的了解。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①We need to take action to enhance what we are good at and gain experience from our failures． 【写美】　完成句子 ②此外，出国留学可以帮助你获得全球视野，提高你的综合能力。 Besides， studying abroad helps you gain a global perspective and improve your general competence． ③常言道，不劳无获。唯有通过努力，我们才能实现目标。 As the old saying goes， No pains， no gains． Only through hard work can we achieve our goals． 阅读词汇清障 Ⅰ．一词多义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思。 firm A．n．公司　　 B．adj．坚硬的C．adj．坚定的 D．adj．严格的　　E．vt．使强壮 ①Experts hold the belief that parents must be firm with their children．　　D　 ②Cycling is one of the best ways to firm your body． 　　E　 ③These peaches are not ripe； they are still firm． 　　B　 ④Though after a moment， David fell behind others， he never stopped his firm and determined pace．　　C　 ⑤She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks． 　　A　 Ⅱ．熟词生义 根据语境写出加蓝词的词性及含义。 1.These complex formulas are beyond the grasp of the average pupil．　n．理解 2.Within two weeks， she gained five pounds in weight．　vt．增加 3.His father’s death forced him to mature fast．　vi．变成熟 4.Ten pounds for a good dictionary seems reasonable enough．　adj．（价钱）公道的 5.Many young professionals work overtime for promotions at the expense of their sleep and family time．　n．代价 重点句型解构 1.句型公式：状语从句的省略 教材原句　A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits， young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! 最后要考虑的一点是，尽管留学有诸多潜在的益处，但是在中国读书的年轻人同样未来可期! 【用法】 （1）当when、while、unless、as if、if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句中的主语为it，且从句谓语中含有be动词的某种形式时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词或it和be动词。 （2）若省略句中的谓语动词和主语构成主动关系，使用动词－ing形式；若构成被动关系，则使用动词－ed形式。　 【佳句】　While waiting at the gate，Han Gan used a stick to draw pictures in the dirt and was seen by the poet himself．　（外研必修三） 在门口等候时，韩干用一根木棒在土地上画画，正好被那位诗人本人看到了。 【写美】　完成句子 ①当被问及最需要什么时，孩子们说他们想要感受到自己很重要、被爱着。 When asked what they needed most，the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved． ②你应该做适度的运动，这帮助你上课时更好地放松和集中注意力。 You should do moderate exercise，which helps you relax and concentrate better while taking lessons． ③如果可能的话，立即离开房间，到空旷的地方去。 If （it is） possible，leave the room immediately and go to the open space． 2.句型公式：with复合结构 教材原句　As China has boomed， the educational environment has improved significantly， with many great universities now available． 随着中国的蓬勃发展，教育环境已大为改观，现在优质大学比比皆是。 【用法】 with＋宾语＋ 【佳句】　With his eyes sparkling with excitement， it hit John that he could make popcorn to help Bernard．　（情绪描写） 约翰的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒，他突然想到可以做爆米花来帮助伯纳德。 【写美】　完成句子 ①你这么吵，我没法写作业。 I can’t do my homework with you making so much noise． ②问题终于解决了，每个人脸上都带着笑容，团队开心地庆祝成功。　（情感描写） With the problem finally solved and a smile on everyone’s face， the team celebrated their success happily． Ⅰ．品句填词 1.To improve my spoken English， I want to grasp （抓住） this great opportunity． 2.Having spent the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong， Linda appears more mature （成熟） than those of her age． 3.Many car firms are optimistic （乐观的） about the future of green cars， which are expected to help improve air quality． 4.We sincerely （真诚地） hope that the new manager can come up with a better idea to balance the budget． 5.Not only are shared bikes convenient to use， but their prices are also reasonable （合情合理的）． 6.To solve this problem， the government should take measures to reduce the expense （费用） of education． 7.I hold the firm （坚定的） belief that the children there will surely have a brighter future． 8.I am motivated to take part in various activities，through which I have gained a deeper understanding of traditional Chinese culture． 9.Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles， thus giving us more insights into our own culture． 10.No one can deny the fact that social media have strengthened our connection with each other． Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1.He blamed me because I didn’t remind him that flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure （depart）． 2.In summary，I admire his optimism （optimistic） and self－confidence and I have learnt a lot from him． 3.The living surroundings （surround） are becoming more and more beautiful， which adds a great deal to people’s happiness． 4.In my opinion， a true friend is the one who always cheers you up when you are depressed （depress）． 5.I will move on to make further progress to live up to your expectations （expect） in the future． 6.The booming Internet increases our exposure （expose） to various information and knowledge． 7.Involved in the wonderful world of words， students will increase their vocabulary and boost their reading competence （competent）． 8.The secretary arranged a convenient time and place for these applicants （apply） to have an interview． Ⅲ．固定搭配和句式 1.With all the popcorn sold （sell） out， Bernard felt a wave of happiness and appreciation welling up in him． 2.You’d better know stories behind traditional festivals， if you want to have a deep insight into Chinese culture． 3.When asked （ask） to give a presentation on the product， the advisor confidently spoke up at the meeting． 4.Take the above suggestions and you will end up （最终） feeling at home in the foreign country． 5.What I must tell you is that the messenger has suffered from （遭受） back pain several times in the past five days． 6.Furthermore， with each of us contributing to the society （为社会做贡献）， we will live in a more harmonious society sooner or later． 7.Not everyone is willing to live a low－carbon life/Everyone is not willing to live a low－carbon life （不是每个人都愿意过低碳生活）， so it is high time that we should take effective measures to raise the public’s environmental awareness． Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•江西省部分学校高二上期中）Amina Hassan is a five－year－old girl from Arlaadi IDP （internally displaced people） camp on the outskirts of Dhusamareeb town in Galmudug state， Somalia． Amina and her family left their home due to drought in 2021 and settled in the camp where they depended on humanitarian support． Despite the challenges she has gone through， Amina’s bright spirit has never shaken． 　　Every morning， Amina wakes up early， eager to go to the temporary learning center set up in the camp． The center is a place where children like Amina can continue their education and dream of a better future． Amina loves going to school as it provides her with a sense of normalcy and hope． 　　At the center， Amina’s eyes light up as she listens to the teachers share stories and reveal new things． She is diligent， always eager to learn． Amina’s favorite subject is mathematics， and she is adept at solving simple problems． Amina dreams of becoming a teacher one day． She said， “I help other children like me receive an education and realize their full potential．” 　　As Amina walks back to her home after a day spent at the center， she is filled with a sense of pride and determination． She knows that education is her key to a brighter future， and she is grateful for the opportunity to learn and grow during adversity （逆境）． Amina’s story in the Arlaadi IDP camp is not just one of struggle， but also of resilience， hope， and the power of education to transform lives． 　　The Arlaadi IDP temporary learning center has five teachers operating two classrooms， covering a total of 149 students． The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund （UNICEF） provides the children with clean， safe drinking water， learning materials， and a monthly salary for the teachers， thanks to funding from the global partnership for education． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了索马里流离失所女孩阿米娜在难民营坚持学习，展现韧性与希望，以及相关临时学习中心的情况。 1.What led to Amina’s staying at Arlaadi IDP camp？（　　） A．A natural disaster． B．Her bright spirit． C．Her love for study． D．The poverty of her family． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，干旱这一自然灾害导致阿米娜一家定居在阿拉阿迪国内流离失所者难民营。 2.What does the temporary learning center mean to Amina？（　　） A．A school with friends． B．A game to play． C．A place of hope． D．A way to see the world． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，临时学习中心对阿米娜而言是充满希望的地方。 3.Which of the following can best replace the underlined part “is adept at” in paragraph 3？（　　） A．has difficulty in　 B．ends up with C．takes charge of　 D．does well in 解析：D　词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句可知，“擅长解决简单问题”与“最喜欢数学”逻辑一致。因此，is adept at意为“擅长”。 4.How is the temporary learning center mainly funded？（　　） A．By personal contributions． B．Through worldwide support． C．By the effort of a single charity． D．Through funds of the local government． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，临时学习中心的资金主要来自全球范围的支持。 B 　　（2026•广东省三校高二联考）3M and Discovery Education announced Sean Jiang from Gilman School as one of the top ten finalists from across the nation for the 2023 3M Young Scientist Challenge． It’s a competition that encourages students to identify an everyday problem and submit a video showing the science behind the solution he or she came up with． 　　Jiang decided to help those who can’t see． Blind people had a hard time navigating （导航） objects that are medium to far range． So Jiang wanted to design something to give them a heads－up on obstacles that may be incoming． 　　Jiang’s inspiration came from the powers of the hearing system． “I learned in school that bats and whales are able to use echolocation （回声定位） to help them navigate and just use their sense of hearing and I also saw on YouTube some very skilled blind people that use echolocation to help them walk，” said Jiang． 　　Jiang started with a virtual reality setting and then made it a reality． His creation uses a depth camera that can detect how close objects are， thus giving enough time to dodge the obstacles． When a blind is walking with the device， the sensor of the depth camera gathers the information regarding the obstacles’ position and distance． Then the AI system in it will turn the distance data into musical sound guidance． This could significantly increase the walking speed of a blind person as well as decrease the number of obstacles they hit． 　　Some other similar programs were alright at finding objects that were in close range， but Jiang still wanted the blind to experience the world even more fully so they were able to see stuff that was much further away than their circle of reach． 　　In October， the top ten finalists competed in person in Minneapolis for the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” and a $25， 000 prize． 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了青少年Sean Jiang的发明创造，他发明的设备能用声音帮助盲人顺利行走。 5.What can we learn about Jiang from the first two paragraphs？（　　） A．He was the champion of the 2023 3M event． B．He invented technology to remove road obstacles． C．He sought to assist the blind in walking smoothly． D．He developed a new navigation app for his school． 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Jiang设法帮助盲人顺利行走。 6.Why did Jiang mention “echolocation”？（　　） A．To show the development of technology． B．To present the difficulties the blind face． C．To stress the significance of hearing． D．To explain the inspiration of his invention． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，Jiang提到“回声定位”是为了解释他的发明灵感。 7.What does the underlined word “dodge” in paragraph 4 mean？（　　） A．Avoid．　 B．Encounter． C．Challenge．　 D．Remove． 解析：A　词义猜测题。结合上下文可知，这个装置是给盲人用的，目的是提前预警障碍、帮助安全行走，所以dodge the obstacles一定是避开/躲开障碍，而不是遇到、挑战或移除障碍。 8.What is the text mainly about？（　　） A.3M facilities intended for the blind． B．A teen using sound to help the blind． C．An invention to cure vision problems． D．A competition to improve the blind’s life． 解析：B　主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第二段和第三段可知，本文主要介绍了青少年Sean Jiang的发明创造，他发明的设备能用声音帮助盲人顺利行走。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五 　　（2026•葫芦岛高二期末） How to Choose Suitable Reading Materials for Winter Vacation 　　Winter vacation is a precious time for high school students to expand horizons and improve English skills through reading． However， with countless books， articles and online resources， picking suitable reading materials can be challenging． 9.　　 The key is to find materials matching your level， interests and learning goals． 　　10.　　 Assessing your English proficiency is the first step． For intermediate learners， you should avoid materials with overly complex vocabulary and sentences that may discourage you， instead， choose those that you can understand most of the content with occasional dictionary use． Advanced learners can choose challenging works like classic novels or academic essays to push limits and enhance critical thinking． 　　Personal interests are also crucial for maintaining motivation． 11.　　 If you love sports， read sports news， athlete biographies or sports magazines． Story lovers can explore short stories， young adult novels or English comics． Reading what you enjoy helps you stay focused and build reading confidence． 　　12.　　 Clear learning goals help narrow down choices． To improve vocabulary for exams， you can choose materials with rich practical vocabulary， such as English learning magazines． To enhance academic reading comprehension， academic journals， research summaries or non－fiction on history， science or society are ideal． Aligning materials with goals makes vacation reading enjoyable and productive． 　　Lastly， don’t fear trying different materials and adjusting． 13.　　 Start with short articles and gradually move to longer ones． If a book feels too hard or boring after a few pages， put it down and try another． Winter vacation reading aims to relax， learn and grow， not to force yourself through uninteresting materials． With the right approach， you can make the most of your vacation and become a better reader． A．Matching your reading materials to your English level is essential． B．Reading widely can keep you informed and help you embrace challenges． C．It’s easy to feel overwhelmed by the vast number of options． D．Your learning goals should guide your choice of reading materials． E．Choosing materials that agree with your interests can make reading more enjoyable． F．You can also ask teachers or classmates for recommendations． G．Remember that the best reading materials keep you engaged and curious． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就高中生寒假如何选择合适的阅读材料给出建议，要结合自身英语水平、兴趣和学习目标，可尝试不同材料并灵活调整，让阅读更有成效。 9.C　上句指出了选择合适的阅读材料具有挑战性；C项进一步解释了原因，即选择太多容易让人不知所措，符合语境。 10.A　下句强调了评估英语水平在选择阅读材料中的重要性；A项直接指出了阅读材料与英语水平相匹配的重要性，与下文内容紧密相连，符合语境。 11.E　上句强调了个人兴趣在选择阅读材料中的重要性；E项进一步解释了原因，即选择符合兴趣的材料能让阅读更有趣，符合语境。 12.D　下句指出了学习目标在选择阅读材料中的作用；D项直接点明了学习目标对选择阅读材料的指导作用，与下文内容紧密相连，符合语境。 13.G　上句鼓励尝试和调整阅读材料；G项指出了好的阅读材料的特点，即能让人保持专注和好奇，这也是尝试和调整阅读材料的目的，符合语境。 Ⅲ．完形填空 　　（2026•成都部分学校高二检测）In high school， I did a scientific experiment． The experiment made me 　14　 that science could teach us a lot． It teaches us the 　15　 so we know where we are from． That day， I firmly 　16　 to be a scientist． Ever since that day， I have studied harder 　17　 in all my science－related subjects． After school， I do much research on how I can become a 　18　 scientist in the future． 　　One of my 　19　 for my becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock， who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine． At 25， she already had her PhD in botany． After that， she started her 　20　 as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics （玉米细胞遗传学） and she 　21　 herself to that research for the rest of her life． 　　If I am lucky and given the 　22　 to achieve my ambition as a scientist， I want to be like Doctor McClintock． She 　23　 something that helped the other scientists 　24　 the things about genetics． 　　I know I will be able to achieve my 　25　 as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it． If I achieve my goal， I will share my 　26　 of success with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists． My future will be as 　27　 as the stars in the night sky． However， my future is still far． I will make the most of the 　28　 to achieve my great ambition of becoming a scientist． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在中学某次做实验的时候，发现了科学能够教会我们很多东西，自此作者立志成为一名科学家，尽管未来很遥远，作者也充分把握现在去实现梦想。 14.A．suspect　 B．wonder C．realize　 D．value 解析：C　根据下文可知，此处指实验让作者意识到了科学能教会我们很多东西。 15.A．school　 B．origin C．growth　 D．study 解析：B　根据空后的so we know where we are from可知，此处指科学教了我们起源。 16.A．refused　 B．volunteered C．continued　 D．decided 解析：D　根据上文可知，科学实验可以教会人们很多东西，因此作者决定成为一名科学家。 17.A．especially　 B．possibly C．properly　 D．separately 解析：A　上文提到作者决定成为一名科学家，所以尤其会在与科学相关的课程上更加努力学习。 18.A．happy　 B．popular C．real　 D．careful 解析：C　上文讲述作者决定成为一名科学家并为之付诸努力，所以此处指作者研究如何成为一名真正的科学家。 19.A．experiences　 B．persuasions C．generations　 D．inspirations 解析：D　下文具体介绍了科学家Barbara McClintock，她是作者变成科学家的灵感之一。 20.A．attempt　 B．career C．praise　 D．tradition 解析：B　根据下文可知，她是玉米细胞遗传学研究的领导者，这是她从事的事业。 21.A．devoted　 B．invited C．limited　 D．decreased 解析：A　根据下文for the rest of her life可知，Barbara McClintock开启研究后，将余生都奉献给了那项研究。 22.A．reason　 B．freedom C．right　 D．opportunity 解析：D　根据下文可知，作者想要成为McClintock博士那样的人，其前提是作者被给予成为科学家的机会。 23.A．heard　 B．expected C．discovered　 D．awarded 解析：C　根据语境可知，McClintock博士的发现帮助其他科学家弄清楚了关于遗传学的内容。 24.A．set out　 B．figure out C．stick out　 D．break out 解析：B　参见上题解析。 25.A．dream　 B．reward C．fame　 D．stage 解析：A　根据下文可知，只要作者把心和毅力投入在其中，作者就能实现自己的梦想。 26.A．fortune　 B．location C．light　 D．secret 解析：D　根据上文If I achieve my goal可知，如果作者实现了自己的梦想，作者就会和孩子们分享成功的秘诀。 27.A．bright　 B．capable C．proud　 D．brave 解析：A　根据下文as the stars in the night sky可知，作者把自己的未来比作天上的星星，所以是像夜空中的星星一样明亮的。 28.A．lesson　 B．present C．mind　 D．heart 解析：B　上文作者提到未来还很遥远，所以此处指作者会充分把握好现在去实现未来目标。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $