Units 1～2 高频考点+语法+练习题 2026-2027学年人教版版英语九年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义聚焦九年级上册Units 1~2内容，围绕“变化”与“令人敬佩的人”主题，系统梳理一般过去时与现在完成时区别、It句型等核心语法，家乡变化等主题词汇及书面表达技巧，构建“考情分析-知识梳理-分层实战”的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“高频考点星级标注”“核心知识点对比表格”呈现知识体系，如将“一般过去时vs现在完成时”标注为五星重点并附时间标志对比表，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计“易错警示”“写作三段式提纲”等实用工具，如used to do与be used to doing的用法辨析，助力不同学生高效掌握，教师可依托分层实战精准检测复习成效，提升教学针对性。

专题01 Units 1~2（期末复习讲义）九年级上册 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 ❯❯❯考情透视·目标导航❮❮❮ 1. 复习目标 类别 具体内容 复习重点 1 掌握一般过去时与现在完成时的核心区别，能用 used to、since、over the last... 描述今昔变化； 2 掌握家乡变化、生态治理、交通发展等教材核心词汇与短语； 3 掌握 It is/was + adj. + of/for sb to do... 和 It is/was + adj. + that... 两类重点句型； 4 能围绕“变化”和“令人敬佩的人”完成口头与书面表达。 复习难点 1 区分“过去发生且结束”的一般过去时与“与现在有联系”的现在完成时； 2 准确使用 of / for：评价人的品质常用 of，说明事情难易或必要性常用 for； 3 避免把 take place 误写成被动语态； 4 人物介绍中做到“经历—成就—品质—启示”逻辑完整。 2. 高频考点速览 高频考点 考查形式 建议掌握度 一般过去时 vs. 现在完成时 单选、语法填空、句型转换 ★★★★★ used to do / 现在完成时描述变化 单选、完成句子、写作 ★★★★★ since / over the last... 语法填空、完形 ★★★★☆ take place / bring about / as a result 词汇运用、完形 ★★★★☆ It is/was...of/for sb to do... 单选、句型转换 ★★★★★ It is/was...that... 单选、完成句子 ★★★★☆ admire / look up to / inspiring 词汇运用、写作 ★★★★☆ 职业后缀 -ist / -er / -ian 词形转换、语法填空 ★★★★☆ 3. 考情规律 题型 考察内容 词汇运用 围绕 changes、environment、transport、professions 等教材语境，重点考词义与词形。 语法填空/句型转换 重点考一般过去时与现在完成时的时态判断，以及 It is/was... 结构。 完形/阅读理解 常以家乡发展、人物传记为语篇，考时间线、因果关系、主旨与人物品质。 书面表达 高频主题为“我的变化/家乡变化”或“介绍一个令人敬佩的人”。 ❯❯❯知识梳理·方法技巧❮❮❮ 【单元思维导图】 【单元思维导图】 ▶核心知识点1：一般过去时与现在完成时：抓住“时间”与“联系” 教材原句： He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. 译文：大约20年前，他成了你爷爷的好朋友。 They haven’t seen each other for ages! 译文：他们已经很久没见面了！ 用法 一般过去时表示动作发生在明确的过去时间，常和 ago、last...、yesterday、in + 过去年份连用。 现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响或从过去延续到现在，结构为 have/has + 过去分词。 教材中 just、already、yet、for ages、since...、over the last... 等常提示现在完成时。 易错警示： 有明确、已经结束的过去时间状语时，通常不用现在完成时。 典例 Great changes ______ in Li Rui’s hometown over the last 20 years. A. take place B. took place C. have taken place D. are taking place 答案：C 解析：“over the last 20 years”表示从过去延续到现在，应用现在完成时；take place 的过去分词为 taken place。 ▶核心知识点2：used to do：过去常常如此，现在已经改变 教材原句： Many young people used to work in big cities. Now, more of them have come back to live and work here. 译文：过去许多年轻人在大城市工作。现在，更多人已经回来生活和工作。 用法 used to + 动词原形表示“过去常常做某事/过去曾经处于某种状态”，通常暗含现在已经不同。 否定可用 didn’t use to...；疑问可用 Did...use to...?。 易错警示： used to 后必须接动词原形；不要写成 used to doing（那是 be/get used to doing 的结构）。 典例 The hills ______ be covered with sand, but now they are green. A. use to B. used to C. are used to D. were used to 答案：B 解析：句意强调“过去是沙地、现在变绿”，用 used to + 动词原形。 ▶核心知识点3：take place / bring about：变化“发生”与“带来” 教材原句： Now great changes have taken place. 译文：现在已经发生了巨大变化。 What brings about changes? 译文：什么带来变化？ 用法 take place 意为“发生”，是不及物短语，没有被动语态。 bring about 意为“带来；引起”，后面接变化、结果等名词作宾语。 易错警示： 不能说 changes were taken place。 典例 New roads and technology have ______ great changes in the village. A. taken place B. brought about C. happened D. come true 答案：B 解析：空格后有宾语“great changes”，需要及物短语 bring about；take place/happen 均不能直接带宾语。 ▶核心知识点4：since / over the last...：现在完成时的时间标志 教材原句： My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good. 译文：自2017年以来，我乘坐这列火车的体验一直很好。 Many changes have taken place in the town over the last few years. 译文：过去几年里，这座城镇发生了许多变化。 用法 since + 过去时间点，表示“自……以来”；主句常用现在完成时。 over/in the last + 一段时间表示“在过去……里”，通常也和现在完成时连用。 易错警示： since 后接时间点；for 后接时间段。 典例 The railway has served local people ______ 2017. A. for B. since C. from D. at 答案：B 解析：2017 是时间点，“自2017年以来”用 since。 ▶核心知识点5：be covered with / as a result：描述环境变化和结果 教材原句： They used to be covered with sand. 译文：它们过去被沙子覆盖。 As a result, people now have more fresh food to eat. 译文：因此，人们现在有更多新鲜食物可吃。 用法 be covered with 意为“被……覆盖”，可描述地表、山丘等。 as a result 意为“结果；因此”，常放在句首承接前文原因。 易错警示： be covered with 强调“覆盖状态”；cover 作动词时注意时态与语态。 典例 The land is now ______ green trees, so the environment is much better. A. covered with B. covered by to C. covering with D. cover with 答案：A 解析：固定搭配 be covered with，表示“被……覆盖”。 ▶核心知识点6：convenient / with ease：交通改善带来的便利 教材原句： It is very convenient and doesn’t cost much money. 译文：它非常方便，而且花费不多。 I am able to get to places on time and make business deals with ease. 译文：我能准时到达各地，并轻松地做生意。 用法 convenient 是形容词“方便的”；常用 It is convenient for sb to do sth。 with ease 意为“轻而易举地；轻松地”，在句中作方式状语。 易错警示： 一般不说 “I am convenient”；表示“对某人方便”宜用 It is convenient for sb...。 典例 With the new railway, local people can travel between the two cities ______. A. with ease B. in danger C. in wonder D. by hand 答案：A 解析：语境是交通更便利，应选 with ease“轻而易举地”。 ▶核心知识点7：It is/was + adj. + of/for sb to do...：of 与 for 的选择 教材原句： It was very creative of him to design it. 译文：他能设计出它，真有创造力。 It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. 译文：对他来说，冒着严寒和高海拔工作非常困难。 用法 of sb 常用于描述人的品质或行为评价，如 kind, nice, brave, wise, creative。 for sb 常用于说明事情本身对某人而言的难易、重要、必要等，如 difficult, important, necessary。 易错警示： 判断关键：形容词是在“评价人”还是“评价事情”。 典例 It was brave ______ Zhang Qian to continue his task after so many difficulties. A. for B. of C. to D. with 答案：B 解析：brave 用来评价 Zhang Qian 的品质，因此用 of。 ▶核心知识点8：It is/was + adj. + that...：用从句评价事实 教材原句： It was amazing that he did research in physics and chemistry even though he didn’t receive a formal education. 译文：令人惊叹的是，尽管没有接受正规教育，他仍从事物理和化学研究。 用法 It is/was + 形容词 + that 从句中，it 是形式主语，that 从句是真正主语。 常见形容词有 amazing, important, inspiring, wonderful 等。 易错警示： that 后使用完整陈述句，不使用疑问语序。 典例 ______ is inspiring that Zhong Yang continued his work even when he fell sick. A. This B. It C. That D. What 答案：B 解析：固定结构 It is + adj. + that...，it 作形式主语。 ▶核心知识点9：admire / look up to / inspiring / admirable：表达敬佩 教材原句： Who do you look up to? 译文：你敬佩谁？ What makes Zhong Yang admirable? 译文：是什么让钟扬令人敬佩？ 用法 admire 是动词“钦佩；赞赏”；look up to sb 与其意义相近。 admirable 形容人或行为“令人钦佩的”；inspiring 强调“鼓舞人心的”。 易错警示： look up to 中 to 是介词，后接名词或代词宾格。 典例 Zhong Yang’s love for science is deeply ______ to young learners. A. inspire B. inspiring C. admired D. admiration 答案：B 解析：空格位于 be 动词后作表语，需要形容词；inspiring 表示“鼓舞人心的”。 ▶核心知识点10：drop out of / leave behind / live on：人物传记中的高频短语 教材原句： Michael Faraday dropped out of school at an early age. 译文：迈克尔·法拉第很早就辍学了。 Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. 译文：钟扬留下的不仅仅是大量种子收藏。 His love for his job and research lives on in his students. 译文：他对工作和研究的热爱在学生身上延续。 用法 drop out of school 意为“辍学”；leave behind 意为“留下；遗留”。 live on 表示“继续存在；继续活着”，常用于精神、影响等延续。 易错警示： leave behind 是及物短语，可直接接宾语；live on 通常不直接接宾语。 典例 Although the scientist has passed away, his spirit ______ in his students. A. drops out B. lives on C. leaves behind D. looks up 答案：B 解析：句意为“精神继续存在”，用 lives on。 ▶核心知识点11：-ist / -er / -ian：职业名词构词法 教材原句： historian scientist chemist physicist 译文：历史学家、科学家、化学家、物理学家 biologist inventor thinker 译文：生物学家、发明家、思想家 用法 教材 Vocabulary in Use 要求关注职业词后缀：-ist（scientist/physicist/biologist）、-er（researcher/thinker）、-ian（historian）。 构词时不仅看后缀，还要注意词根拼写变化。 易错警示： science → scientist；history → historian；biology → biologist，不能机械直接加后缀。 典例 Marie Curie was a great ______ who made discoveries in physics and chemistry. A. science B. scientist C. scientific D. scientifically 答案：B 解析：冠词 a great 后需要表示人的名词，scientist“科学家”。 ▶核心知识点12：full of courage / come true / above all：概括人物品质与梦想 教材原句： She is full of courage and wisdom. 译文：她充满勇气和智慧。 She had the ability to make her dreams come true. 译文：她有能力让梦想成真。 But in fact, above all, he was a great thinker. 译文：但事实上，最重要的是，他是一位伟大的思想家。 用法 be full of = “充满……”；come true 表示“（梦想、愿望）实现”，主语通常是 dream/wish。 above all 表示“最重要的是；尤其是”，用于强调最核心的信息。 易错警示： come true 没有被动语态，不能说 make a dream be come true。 典例 With years of hard work, her dream of becoming a pilot finally ______. A. came true B. was come true C. came across D. took place 答案：A 解析：dream 作主语时用 come true“实现”；一般过去时为 came true。 ▶语法总结1：一般过去时 vs. 现在完成时 项目 结构 核心规则 时间标志/示例 一般过去时 did / was / were 明确过去时间；动作在过去发生并结束 about 20 years ago, last Friday 现在完成时 have/has + done 过去动作与现在有联系，或从过去延续至今 just, already, yet, since, for, over the last... 典例 — ______ you ______ to the new library yet? — No, I haven’t. A. Did; go B. Have; been C. Are; going D. Do; go 答案：B 解析：yet 常用于现在完成时；have been to 表示“去过某地”。 ▶语法总结2：It is/was... 评价结构 结构/连接词 核心规则 教材例句/示例 It is/was + adj. + of sb to do... 形容词评价人的品质/行为 It was creative of him to design it. It is/was + adj. + for sb to do... 形容词评价事情对某人的难易/必要性 It was difficult for him to work there. It is/was + adj. + that... that 从句是真正主语 It was amazing that he kept learning. 典例 It is necessary ______ us to learn from inspiring people. A. of B. for C. with D. at 答案：B 解析：necessary 描述“学习这件事对我们是必要的”，用 for。 ▶写作指导1：Changes in My Life 【审题三步走】 1. 写清楚至少三方面变化，如 school / home / study / transport。 2. 用 used to / 一般过去时写“过去”，用现在完成时或一般现在时写“现在”。 3. 结尾写感受，或写“一件没有改变的事”。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 总写：My life is different from when I was in primary school. 第二段 分写2—3个变化：过去 → 现在 → 具体例子。 第三段 总结感受，并点出保持不变的东西。 【完整范文】 Changes in My Life My life has changed a lot since I entered junior high school. I used to walk to primary school with my parents, but now I take a bus with my classmates. I also used to study alone. Now I often take notes, join group discussions, and use learning apps when I need help. My family has moved to a larger flat, so I have my own study space. These changes have made me more independent and confident. One thing has stayed the same: my family always supports me and makes me feel loved. ▶写作指导2：An Inspiring Person 【审题三步走】 1. 明确人物身份和你为什么敬佩他/她。 2. 按照“经历—成就—品质”组织主体段，可用时间顺序。 3. 结尾说明人物对你的启发，避免只罗列生平。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 Who：人物身份 + 总体评价。 第二段 What：重要经历、成就、困难及其做法。 第三段 Why：品质 + 我学到什么。 【完整范文】 An Inspiring Person The person I admire most is Yuan Longping, a great Chinese scientist. He spent many years developing a new kind of rice and helped reduce hunger. He also trained people to do research on farming in China and other parts of the world. I think it was admirable of him to keep working for a better life for others. His work changed many people’s lives, and his spirit continues to inspire young people. From him, I have learnt that a meaningful dream needs knowledge, patience, and hard work. ❯❯❯考场练兵·分层实战❮❮❮ 一、单词拼写（每小题1分，共4分） 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。 1. The new railway is very c________ and saves people a lot of time. 答案：convenient 解析：教材 Unit 1 用 convenient 描述新铁路带来的便利。 2. Zhong Yang spent his whole life doing s________ research on plants and seeds. 答案：scientific 解析：修饰 research 用形容词 scientific。 3. Marie Curie made important d________ in physics and chemistry. 答案：discoveries 解析：make discoveries“作出发现”；此处为复数。 4. Wang Yaping is full of courage and w________. 答案：wisdom 解析：教材搭配 courage and wisdom。 二、单项选择（每小题1分，共4分） 1. Our town ______ a new hospital, so people no longer need to travel far to see a doctor. A. builds B. built C. has built D. is building 答案：C 解析：结果与现在有关，且语境强调“已经建成”，用现在完成时。 2. It was very kind ______ the scientist to train local students. A. for B. of C. to D. at 答案：B 解析：kind 评价人的品质，用 of。 3. The village used to ______ poor, but life is much better now. A. be B. being C. been D. is 答案：A 解析：used to 后接动词原形。 4. Although the professor has died, his love for science ______ in his students. A. takes place B. lives on C. runs out D. drops out 答案：B 解析：live on 表示精神或影响继续存在。 三、完成句子（每小题2分，共4分） 1. 过去几年里，这座城镇发生了巨大变化。 Great changes ______ ______ ______ in the town over the last few years. 答案：have taken place 解析：over the last... 提示现在完成时；take place 无被动。 2. 对我们来说，向优秀人物学习很重要。 It is important ______ us ______ learn from inspiring people. 答案：for; to 解析：It is + adj. + for sb to do sth。 四、完形填空（每小题1分，共5分） （教材主题语境改编） Li Rui’s hometown used to have rough roads and serious sandstorms. Many young people left for big cities. Years ago, local people decided to change the situation. With the government’s support, they began to plant bushes and trees. Since then, the environment (1) ______ much better. New roads and a railway (2) ______, too. Travel time is shorter, and local products can reach larger markets (3) ______. More young people have come back to work. The changes did not happen in one day. They were the (4) ______ of years of hard work. Today, visitors can see green hills instead of sand. The story shows that people can (5) ______ a better future when they work together. 1. A. becomes B. became C. has become D. becoming 2. A. have built B. have been built C. built D. build 3. A. with ease B. in danger C. at zero D. by hand 4. A. result B. calendar C. hunger D. period 5. A. admire B. create C. drop D. mix 答案：1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.B 1. Since then 与现在完成时搭配。 2. roads/railway 是“被建成”，且与现在相关。 3. 交通改善使产品运输更轻松。 4. the result of...“……的结果”。 5. 语义为“创造更好的未来”。 五、阅读理解A（每小题2分，共10分） （教材主题语境改编） In 2017, a new railway between Mombasa and Nairobi opened. The old train journey took about ten hours, while the new trip takes about five to six hours. More than two million people use the railway each year. Local businesspeople can now travel on time and make deals more easily. Food can also be carried by train instead of by hundreds of lorries, so people can get fresher food. The railway is also an example of China and Kenya working together to improve local life. 1. How long did the old train journey take? 答案：About ten hours. 解析：细节信息。 2. How long does the new journey take? 答案：About five to six hours. 解析：细节信息。 3. Give one benefit for businesspeople. 答案：They can get to places on time / make business deals more easily. 解析：从第三句后的利益信息概括。 4. Why can people get fresher food? 答案：Because food transport has become easier by railway. 解析：根据食物运输变化归纳。 5. What does the railway show besides transport improvement? 答案：It shows cooperation between China and Kenya. 解析：末句主旨信息。 六、阅读理解B（每小题2分，共10分） （教材主题语境改编） Zhong Yang was a Chinese biologist who devoted his life to plants and seeds. He became a university student at 15 and later focused on plant research. When he found that there was not enough research on seeds from Xizang, he travelled there himself. The cold weather and great heights made the work difficult, but he continued even when he fell sick. He also trained local students to do field research. Together, his team collected millions of seeds. His students continue the scientific exploration he cared about. 1. What was Zhong Yang’s field of work? 答案：Biology / plant and seed research. 解析：首句与第二句信息。 2. Why did he go to Xizang? 答案：To collect and research seeds because there was not enough research on them. 解析：因果信息。 3. What difficulties did he face? 答案：Cold weather, great heights, and sometimes illness. 解析：细节概括。 4. Why did he train local students? 答案：To include more people in important field research and continue the work. 解析：结合教材段落主旨。 5. What quality is most clearly shown? 答案：Persistence / dedication / courage. 解析：由面对困难仍继续工作推断。 七、任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分） （教材主题语境改编） Mozi lived during the Warring States Period. At a time when many states were fighting, he spent his life trying to bring peace. He believed people should show kindness and care to others, whether they were family members, friends, or strangers. He also believed states should avoid attacking one another. More than two thousand years later, his ideas still live on and can inspire people to work together for peace. 1. When did Mozi live? 答案：During the Warring States Period. 2. What problem did he want to stop? 答案：Wars / fighting between states. 3. What did he believe people should show to others? 答案：Kindness and care. 4. Did he support states attacking one another? 答案：No, he did not. 5. Why are his ideas still meaningful today? 答案：They encourage peace, kindness, and cooperation. 八、书面表达（共15分） 假如学校英语公众号正在征集“An Inspiring Person”主题短文。请从本专题人物中选择一位，写一篇约80—100词的英语短文，内容包括：人物身份；主要经历或成就；你敬佩他/她的原因及启示。 【参考范文】 An Inspiring Person The person I admire most is Zhong Yang, a Chinese biologist. He spent years researching plants and collecting seeds for seed banks. The work in Xizang was difficult because of the cold weather and great heights, but he kept going. He also trained local students so that more people could take part in field research. I think it was admirable of him to devote himself to science and to help young people grow. His story teaches me to stay curious, work hard, and never give up when something is meaningful. 【评分参考】内容完整5分；语言与语法5分；结构衔接3分；书写与规范2分。 1/1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 1~2（期末复习讲义）九年级上册 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 ❯❯❯考情透视·目标导航❮❮❮ 1. 复习目标 类别 具体内容 复习重点 1 掌握一般过去时与现在完成时的核心区别，能用 used to、since、over the last... 描述今昔变化； 2 掌握家乡变化、生态治理、交通发展等教材核心词汇与短语； 3 掌握 It is/was + adj. + of/for sb to do... 和 It is/was + adj. + that... 两类重点句型； 4 能围绕“变化”和“令人敬佩的人”完成口头与书面表达。 复习难点 1 区分“过去发生且结束”的一般过去时与“与现在有联系”的现在完成时； 2 准确使用 of / for：评价人的品质常用 of，说明事情难易或必要性常用 for； 3 避免把 take place 误写成被动语态； 4 人物介绍中做到“经历—成就—品质—启示”逻辑完整。 2. 高频考点速览 高频考点 考查形式 建议掌握度 一般过去时 vs. 现在完成时 单选、语法填空、句型转换 ★★★★★ used to do / 现在完成时描述变化 单选、完成句子、写作 ★★★★★ since / over the last... 语法填空、完形 ★★★★☆ take place / bring about / as a result 词汇运用、完形 ★★★★☆ It is/was...of/for sb to do... 单选、句型转换 ★★★★★ It is/was...that... 单选、完成句子 ★★★★☆ admire / look up to / inspiring 词汇运用、写作 ★★★★☆ 职业后缀 -ist / -er / -ian 词形转换、语法填空 ★★★★☆ 3. 考情规律 题型 考察内容 词汇运用 围绕 changes、environment、transport、professions 等教材语境，重点考词义与词形。 语法填空/句型转换 重点考一般过去时与现在完成时的时态判断，以及 It is/was... 结构。 完形/阅读理解 常以家乡发展、人物传记为语篇，考时间线、因果关系、主旨与人物品质。 书面表达 高频主题为“我的变化/家乡变化”或“介绍一个令人敬佩的人”。 ❯❯❯知识梳理·方法技巧❮❮❮ 【单元思维导图】 【单元思维导图】 ▶核心知识点1：一般过去时与现在完成时：抓住“时间”与“联系” 教材原句： He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. 译文：大约20年前，他成了你爷爷的好朋友。 They haven’t seen each other for ages! 译文：他们已经很久没见面了！ 用法 一般过去时表示动作发生在明确的过去时间，常和 ago、last...、yesterday、in + 过去年份连用。 现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响或从过去延续到现在，结构为 have/has + 过去分词。 教材中 just、already、yet、for ages、since...、over the last... 等常提示现在完成时。 易错警示： 有明确、已经结束的过去时间状语时，通常不用现在完成时。 典例 Great changes ______ in Li Rui’s hometown over the last 20 years. A. take place B. took place C. have taken place D. are taking place ▶核心知识点2：used to do：过去常常如此，现在已经改变 教材原句： Many young people used to work in big cities. Now, more of them have come back to live and work here. 译文：过去许多年轻人在大城市工作。现在，更多人已经回来生活和工作。 用法 used to + 动词原形表示“过去常常做某事/过去曾经处于某种状态”，通常暗含现在已经不同。 否定可用 didn’t use to...；疑问可用 Did...use to...?。 易错警示： used to 后必须接动词原形；不要写成 used to doing（那是 be/get used to doing 的结构）。 典例 The hills ______ be covered with sand, but now they are green. A. use to B. used to C. are used to D. were used to ▶核心知识点3：take place / bring about：变化“发生”与“带来” 教材原句： Now great changes have taken place. 译文：现在已经发生了巨大变化。 What brings about changes? 译文：什么带来变化？ 用法 take place 意为“发生”，是不及物短语，没有被动语态。 bring about 意为“带来；引起”，后面接变化、结果等名词作宾语。 易错警示： 不能说 changes were taken place。 典例 New roads and technology have ______ great changes in the village. A. taken place B. brought about C. happened D. come true ▶核心知识点4：since / over the last...：现在完成时的时间标志 教材原句： My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good. 译文：自2017年以来，我乘坐这列火车的体验一直很好。 Many changes have taken place in the town over the last few years. 译文：过去几年里，这座城镇发生了许多变化。 用法 since + 过去时间点，表示“自……以来”；主句常用现在完成时。 over/in the last + 一段时间表示“在过去……里”，通常也和现在完成时连用。 易错警示： since 后接时间点；for 后接时间段。 典例 The railway has served local people ______ 2017. A. for B. since C. from D. at ▶核心知识点5：be covered with / as a result：描述环境变化和结果 教材原句： They used to be covered with sand. 译文：它们过去被沙子覆盖。 As a result, people now have more fresh food to eat. 译文：因此，人们现在有更多新鲜食物可吃。 用法 be covered with 意为“被……覆盖”，可描述地表、山丘等。 as a result 意为“结果；因此”，常放在句首承接前文原因。 易错警示： be covered with 强调“覆盖状态”；cover 作动词时注意时态与语态。 典例 The land is now ______ green trees, so the environment is much better. A. covered with B. covered by to C. covering with D. cover with ▶核心知识点6：convenient / with ease：交通改善带来的便利 教材原句： It is very convenient and doesn’t cost much money. 译文：它非常方便，而且花费不多。 I am able to get to places on time and make business deals with ease. 译文：我能准时到达各地，并轻松地做生意。 用法 convenient 是形容词“方便的”；常用 It is convenient for sb to do sth。 with ease 意为“轻而易举地；轻松地”，在句中作方式状语。 易错警示： 一般不说 “I am convenient”；表示“对某人方便”宜用 It is convenient for sb...。 典例 With the new railway, local people can travel between the two cities ______. A. with ease B. in danger C. in wonder D. by hand ▶核心知识点7：It is/was + adj. + of/for sb to do...：of 与 for 的选择 教材原句： It was very creative of him to design it. 译文：他能设计出它，真有创造力。 It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. 译文：对他来说，冒着严寒和高海拔工作非常困难。 用法 of sb 常用于描述人的品质或行为评价，如 kind, nice, brave, wise, creative。 for sb 常用于说明事情本身对某人而言的难易、重要、必要等，如 difficult, important, necessary。 易错警示： 判断关键：形容词是在“评价人”还是“评价事情”。 典例 It was brave ______ Zhang Qian to continue his task after so many difficulties. A. for B. of C. to D. with ▶核心知识点8：It is/was + adj. + that...：用从句评价事实 教材原句： It was amazing that he did research in physics and chemistry even though he didn’t receive a formal education. 译文：令人惊叹的是，尽管没有接受正规教育，他仍从事物理和化学研究。 用法 It is/was + 形容词 + that 从句中，it 是形式主语，that 从句是真正主语。 常见形容词有 amazing, important, inspiring, wonderful 等。 易错警示： that 后使用完整陈述句，不使用疑问语序。 典例 ______ is inspiring that Zhong Yang continued his work even when he fell sick. A. This B. It C. That D. What ▶核心知识点9：admire / look up to / inspiring / admirable：表达敬佩 教材原句： Who do you look up to? 译文：你敬佩谁？ What makes Zhong Yang admirable? 译文：是什么让钟扬令人敬佩？ 用法 admire 是动词“钦佩；赞赏”；look up to sb 与其意义相近。 admirable 形容人或行为“令人钦佩的”；inspiring 强调“鼓舞人心的”。 易错警示： look up to 中 to 是介词，后接名词或代词宾格。 典例 Zhong Yang’s love for science is deeply ______ to young learners. A. inspire B. inspiring C. admired D. admiration ▶核心知识点10：drop out of / leave behind / live on：人物传记中的高频短语 教材原句： Michael Faraday dropped out of school at an early age. 译文：迈克尔·法拉第很早就辍学了。 Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. 译文：钟扬留下的不仅仅是大量种子收藏。 His love for his job and research lives on in his students. 译文：他对工作和研究的热爱在学生身上延续。 用法 drop out of school 意为“辍学”；leave behind 意为“留下；遗留”。 live on 表示“继续存在；继续活着”，常用于精神、影响等延续。 易错警示： leave behind 是及物短语，可直接接宾语；live on 通常不直接接宾语。 典例 Although the scientist has passed away, his spirit ______ in his students. A. drops out B. lives on C. leaves behind D. looks up ▶核心知识点11：-ist / -er / -ian：职业名词构词法 教材原句： historian scientist chemist physicist 译文：历史学家、科学家、化学家、物理学家 biologist inventor thinker 译文：生物学家、发明家、思想家 用法 教材 Vocabulary in Use 要求关注职业词后缀：-ist（scientist/physicist/biologist）、-er（researcher/thinker）、-ian（historian）。 构词时不仅看后缀，还要注意词根拼写变化。 易错警示： science → scientist；history → historian；biology → biologist，不能机械直接加后缀。 典例 Marie Curie was a great ______ who made discoveries in physics and chemistry. A. science B. scientist C. scientific D. scientifically ▶核心知识点12：full of courage / come true / above all：概括人物品质与梦想 教材原句： She is full of courage and wisdom. 译文：她充满勇气和智慧。 She had the ability to make her dreams come true. 译文：她有能力让梦想成真。 But in fact, above all, he was a great thinker. 译文：但事实上，最重要的是，他是一位伟大的思想家。 用法 be full of = “充满……”；come true 表示“（梦想、愿望）实现”，主语通常是 dream/wish。 above all 表示“最重要的是；尤其是”，用于强调最核心的信息。 易错警示： come true 没有被动语态，不能说 make a dream be come true。 典例 With years of hard work, her dream of becoming a pilot finally ______. A. came true B. was come true C. came across D. took place ▶语法总结1：一般过去时 vs. 现在完成时 项目 结构 核心规则 时间标志/示例 一般过去时 did / was / were 明确过去时间；动作在过去发生并结束 about 20 years ago, last Friday 现在完成时 have/has + done 过去动作与现在有联系，或从过去延续至今 just, already, yet, since, for, over the last... 典例 — ______ you ______ to the new library yet? — No, I haven’t. A. Did; go B. Have; been C. Are; going D. Do; go ▶语法总结2：It is/was... 评价结构 结构/连接词 核心规则 教材例句/示例 It is/was + adj. + of sb to do... 形容词评价人的品质/行为 It was creative of him to design it. It is/was + adj. + for sb to do... 形容词评价事情对某人的难易/必要性 It was difficult for him to work there. It is/was + adj. + that... that 从句是真正主语 It was amazing that he kept learning. 典例 It is necessary ______ us to learn from inspiring people. A. of B. for C. with D. at ▶写作指导1：Changes in My Life 【审题三步走】 1. 写清楚至少三方面变化，如 school / home / study / transport。 2. 用 used to / 一般过去时写“过去”，用现在完成时或一般现在时写“现在”。 3. 结尾写感受，或写“一件没有改变的事”。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 总写：My life is different from when I was in primary school. 第二段 分写2—3个变化：过去 → 现在 → 具体例子。 第三段 总结感受，并点出保持不变的东西。 【完整范文】 Changes in My Life My life has changed a lot since I entered junior high school. I used to walk to primary school with my parents, but now I take a bus with my classmates. I also used to study alone. Now I often take notes, join group discussions, and use learning apps when I need help. My family has moved to a larger flat, so I have my own study space. These changes have made me more independent and confident. One thing has stayed the same: my family always supports me and makes me feel loved. ▶写作指导2：An Inspiring Person 【审题三步走】 1. 明确人物身份和你为什么敬佩他/她。 2. 按照“经历—成就—品质”组织主体段，可用时间顺序。 3. 结尾说明人物对你的启发，避免只罗列生平。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 Who：人物身份 + 总体评价。 第二段 What：重要经历、成就、困难及其做法。 第三段 Why：品质 + 我学到什么。 【完整范文】 An Inspiring Person The person I admire most is Yuan Longping, a great Chinese scientist. He spent many years developing a new kind of rice and helped reduce hunger. He also trained people to do research on farming in China and other parts of the world. I think it was admirable of him to keep working for a better life for others. His work changed many people’s lives, and his spirit continues to inspire young people. From him, I have learnt that a meaningful dream needs knowledge, patience, and hard work. ❯❯❯考场练兵·分层实战❮❮❮ 一、单词拼写（每小题1分，共4分） 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。 1. The new railway is very c________ and saves people a lot of time. 2. Zhong Yang spent his whole life doing s________ research on plants and seeds. 3. Marie Curie made important d________ in physics and chemistry. 4. Wang Yaping is full of courage and w________. 二、单项选择（每小题1分，共4分） 1. Our town ______ a new hospital, so people no longer need to travel far to see a doctor. A. builds B. built C. has built D. is building 2. It was very kind ______ the scientist to train local students. A. for B. of C. to D. at 3. The village used to ______ poor, but life is much better now. A. be B. being C. been D. is 4. Although the professor has died, his love for science ______ in his students. A. takes place B. lives on C. runs out D. drops out 三、完成句子（每小题2分，共4分） 1. 过去几年里，这座城镇发生了巨大变化。 Great changes ______ ______ ______ in the town over the last few years. 2. 对我们来说，向优秀人物学习很重要。 It is important ______ us ______ learn from inspiring people. 四、完形填空（每小题1分，共5分） （教材主题语境改编） Li Rui’s hometown used to have rough roads and serious sandstorms. Many young people left for big cities. Years ago, local people decided to change the situation. With the government’s support, they began to plant bushes and trees. Since then, the environment (1) ______ much better. New roads and a railway (2) ______, too. Travel time is shorter, and local products can reach larger markets (3) ______. More young people have come back to work. The changes did not happen in one day. They were the (4) ______ of years of hard work. Today, visitors can see green hills instead of sand. The story shows that people can (5) ______ a better future when they work together. 1. A. becomes B. became C. has become D. becoming 2. A. have built B. have been built C. built D. build 3. A. with ease B. in danger C. at zero D. by hand 4. A. result B. calendar C. hunger D. period 5. A. admire B. create C. drop D. mix 五、阅读理解A（每小题2分，共10分） （教材主题语境改编） In 2017, a new railway between Mombasa and Nairobi opened. The old train journey took about ten hours, while the new trip takes about five to six hours. More than two million people use the railway each year. Local businesspeople can now travel on time and make deals more easily. Food can also be carried by train instead of by hundreds of lorries, so people can get fresher food. The railway is also an example of China and Kenya working together to improve local life. 1. How long did the old train journey take? 2. How long does the new journey take? 3. Give one benefit for businesspeople. 4. Why can people get fresher food? 5. What does the railway show besides transport improvement? 六、阅读理解B（每小题2分，共10分） （教材主题语境改编） Zhong Yang was a Chinese biologist who devoted his life to plants and seeds. He became a university student at 15 and later focused on plant research. When he found that there was not enough research on seeds from Xizang, he travelled there himself. The cold weather and great heights made the work difficult, but he continued even when he fell sick. He also trained local students to do field research. Together, his team collected millions of seeds. His students continue the scientific exploration he cared about. 1. What was Zhong Yang’s field of work? 2. Why did he go to Xizang? 3. What difficulties did he face? 4. Why did he train local students? 5. What quality is most clearly shown? 七、任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分） （教材主题语境改编） Mozi lived during the Warring States Period. At a time when many states were fighting, he spent his life trying to bring peace. He believed people should show kindness and care to others, whether they were family members, friends, or strangers. He also believed states should avoid attacking one another. More than two thousand years later, his ideas still live on and can inspire people to work together for peace. 1. When did Mozi live? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. What problem did he want to stop? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. What did he believe people should show to others? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. Did he support states attacking one another? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. Why are his ideas still meaningful today? ____________________________________________________________________ 八、书面表达（共15分） 假如学校英语公众号正在征集“An Inspiring Person”主题短文。请从本专题人物中选择一位，写一篇约80—100词的英语短文，内容包括：人物身份；主要经历或成就；你敬佩他/她的原因及启示。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 1/1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $