初升高衔接句子成分和基本句型-2026-2027学年初升高衔接英语人教版必修第一册

Sentence elements & Basic sentence structures 初升高衔接——Grammar I smile. S (subject) V (verb) The subject (主语) is the person or thing that does the action. The verb (谓语) expresses the action. S+V (主语+谓语) Sentence elements & Basic sentence structures vt. 及物动词 1. I smile. S (subject) V (verb) 2. The braces hurt my teeth. S (subject) V (verb) O (object) The object (宾语) is the person or thing that receives the action of the verb. vi. 不及物动词 S+V+O (主语+谓语+宾语) Sentence elements & Basic sentence structures 1. I smile. (S+V) 2. The braces hurt my teeth. S (subject) V (verb) O (object) S+V+IO+DO (主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语) 3. The braces have brought me so much trouble. S (subject) V (verb) IO DO The indirect object (间接宾语) is the person or thing that receives something. The direct object (直接宾语) is the thing that is received. Sentence elements & Basic sentence structures 1. I smile. (S+V) 2. The braces hurt my teeth. (S+V+O) 3. (1) The braces have brought me so much trouble. The braces have brought so much trouble to me. IO DO bring sb. sth. bring sth. to sb. give, send, show, offer, take, teach, tell, feed, sell, pass… (2) My father bought me a watch. My father bought a watch for me. buy sb. sth. buy sth. for sb. make, cook, leave, choose, order, draw, book, pick… Sentence elements & Basic sentence structures 1. I smile. (S+V) 3. (1) The braces have brought me so much trouble. The braces have brought so much trouble to me. 2. The braces hurt my teeth. (S+V+O) (2) My father bought me a watch. My father bought a watch for me. (3) The old man left the little boy some coins. The old man left _________________________. (4) The mother gave her daughter a book and several toys. The mother gave __________________________________. some coins for the little boy a book and several toys to her daughter Sentence elements & Basic sentence structures Quick summary English sentence verb subject intransitive (vi.) transitive (vt.) object IO+DO DO+to/for+IO S+V S+V+O S+V+IO+DO 1. I smile. (S+V) 2. The braces hurt my teeth. (S+V+O) 3. The braces have brought me so much trouble. S V IO DO 4. The braces made my teeth painful. S V O OC The object complement (宾语补足语) describes the object. (1) The class made him monitor. (2) I found the book very interesting. (3) We should keep the classroom clean. (4) We consider Einstein a great scientist. Sentence elements & Basic sentence structures S+V+O+OC (主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语) make, keep, find, consider… Sentence elements & Basic sentence structures 1. I smile. (S+V) 2. The braces hurt my teeth. (S+V+O) 3. The braces have brought me so much trouble. (S+V+IO+DO) 4. The braces made my teeth painful. S V O OC 5. I saw three pink pigs two days ago. S V O A 6. He died in the hospital. S V A The adverbial (状语) adds information about time. It’s an adverbial of time (时间状语). The adverbial (状语) adds information about place. It’s an adverbial of place (地点状语). S+V(+O)+A (主语+谓语(+宾语)+状语) 1. I smile. (S+V) 2. The braces hurt my teeth. (S+V+O) 3. The braces have brought me so much trouble. (S+V+IO+DO) 4. The braces made my teeth painful. (S+V+O+OC) 5. I saw three pink pigs two days ago. (S+V+O+A) Sentence elements & Basic sentence structures 6. (1) He died in the hospital. (2) The match was put off because of the rain. (3) Lisa will take the exam the day after tomorrow. (4) She dressed very beautifully. (5) My teeth hurt badly. (6) She got up early to catch the early bus. place (地点) time (时间) reason (原因) manner (方式) degree (程度) purpose (目的) prepositional phrase 介词短语 noun phrase 名词短语 adverb 副词 infinitive 动词不定式 Sentence elements & Basic sentence structures 1. I smile. (S+V) 2. The braces hurt my teeth. (S+V+O) 3. The braces have brought me so much trouble. (S+V+IO+DO) 4. The braces made my teeth painful. (S+V+O+OC) 5. I saw three pink pigs two days ago. (S+V+O+A) 6. He died in the hospital. (S+V+A) 7. Luosifen tastes delicious. S V P The predicative (表语) describes the subject. S+V+P (主语+连系动词+表语) Linking verb (连系动词) 类别 例词 例句 状态系动词 be (am, is, are, was, were) His family life is different from mine. 持续系动词 keep, remain, stay He always keeps silent at meetings. 表象系动词 appear, seem He seems very sad. 感官系动词 feel, smell, sound, taste, look This kind of cloth feels soft. 变化系动词 become, get, go, grow, turn She grew rich after that. object complement Summary English sentence verb subject intransitive (vi.) transitive (vt.) object IO+DO DO+to/for+IO S+V S+V+O S+V+O+OC adverbial linking verb predicative time, place, reason, manner, degree, purpose, etc. S+V+IO+DO S+V+P S+V+O+A / S+V+A Exercise Ⅰ What sentence elements are the parts underlined? (S, V, O, C, A, P) (1) It is raining. (2) It’s great fun. (3) We like this place. (4) The weather is fine. (5) We will enjoy the tour. (6) We’re having a great time. (7) We saw many sheep on the farm. (8) Let’s make the world more beautiful. (V) (P) (O) (S) (V) (O) (A) (Object C) Exercise Ⅱ Match the sentences with sentence structures. a S+V b S+V+P c S+V+O d S+V+O+C e S+V+A f S+V+O+A g S+V+IO+DO ( ) 1. That job drove me crazy. ( ) 2. I agree. ( ) 3. She will come at 10 p.m. ( ) 4. I had some meat. ( ) 5. Learning English is useful. ( ) 6. My dad bought me a book. ( ) 7. He put the book on the shelf. d a e c b g f O C A O P IO DO O A Exercise Ⅲ Read the short article and identify (识别) the sentence structure of each underlined sentence. Today my friend told me a funny story. One day, an American was visiting a Chinese man. As the visitor saw the host’s wife, he said, “Your wife is very beautiful.” The host smiled and said, “Where? Where?” This surprised the American very much, but still he answered, “Eyes, hair, nose.” Of course the host found the answer a bit puzzling. We know that cultural differences in languages caused the confusion (困惑). “Where? Where?” in Chinese is a kind of humble (谦虚的) expression, but the American understood it as “Which parts of the body?” ② ( ) ③ ( ) ④ ( ) ⑤ ( ) ⑥ ( ) ⑦ ( ) ⑧ ( ) ⑨ ( ) S+V+O S+V+O S+V+P S+V S+V+O S+V+O+OC S+V+O S+V+P ① ( ) S+V+IO+DO Exercise Ⅳ Jigsaw game! happily they They were talking happily. were talking happily they were talking A. S+V+P B. S+V+A Daniel told me a story Daniel told me a story. A. S+V+O+OC B. S+V+IO+DO Exercise Ⅳ Jigsaw game! Exercise Ⅳ Jigsaw game! enjoys watching Tom Tom enjoys watching movies at night. at night movies A. S+V+O+A B. S+V+O+OC Exercise Ⅳ Jigsaw game! keeps the boy his room tidy The boy keeps his room tidy. A. S+V+O+OC B. S+V+IO+DO Exercise Ⅳ Jigsaw game! for our health good vegetables eating A. S+V+P B. S+V+A Eating vegetables is good for our health. is Exercise 翻译句子 1.井里有只猪。 There is a pig in the well. 2.餐厅里有两个美国人和一个法国人。 There are two Americans and a Frenchman in the restaurant. 3.教室里有50张桌子和1台电脑。 There are 50 desks and a computer in the classroom. 基本句型六 There be 句型 Exercise 一、指出下面句子分别属于哪个句型 ① I will spend this summer holiday in the countryside. ② In the modern city, there are some problems, such as air pollution, crowding and noise. ③ In the countryside, I can enjoy a comfortable and quiet life. ④ There, the air is fresh and the water is clean. ⑤ I can hear birds singing in the green trees. Exercise 一、指出下面句子分别属于哪个句型 ⑥ The five-star red flags are waving in the wind. ⑦ Yesterday, her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present. ⑧ She studies English hard every day this term. ⑨ That remains a puzzle to me. ⑩ I will make our classroom more beautiful. Exercise 1. ( S + V ) _____⑥ _____________________________ 2. ( S + V +O ) ___① ___③___⑧ ______________________ 3. ( S + V + P ) __④ __⑨ ___________________________ 4. ( S + V + IO + DO ) __⑦_______________________ 5. ( S + V + O + OC ) ___⑤ _____⑩ ___________________ 6. There be 句型 __②___________________________ Exercise 二、基本句型的应用 （一）主语+不及物动词 ( S + V ) 1. 他今早起床很晚。He got up late this morning. 2. 太阳正在升起。The sun is rising. 3.  昨天发生了一起事故。 An accident happened yesterday. Exercise （二）主语+及物动词+宾语( S + V +O ) 1. 昨晚我写了一封信。I wrote a letter last night. 2. 我会说英语。I can speak English. 3. 我们必须在两周之内读完那些书。 We must finish reading those books within two weeks. Exercise （三）主语+系动词+表语( S + V + P ) 1. 电脑很有用。 The computer is very useful. 2. 这个主意听起来不错。 The idea sounds good. 3. 树叶已经变黄了。 The leaves have turned yellow. Exercise （四）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 ( S + V + IO + DO ) 1. Lily给我买了一份生日礼物。 1. Lily bought me a birthday present. 2. 你能借我一本字典吗？ Can you lend me a dictionary? 3. 我替你叫辆出租车好吗？ Shall I call a taxi for you? Exercise （五）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 ( S + V + O + OC ) 1. 我们叫他雷锋. We call him Lei Feng. 2. 我们发现英语很简单。 We find English very easy. 3. 每天早晨，我们都听到他大声朗读英语。 Every morning, we hear him reading English aloud. Exercise （六）There be 句型 1. 公共汽车来了。 There/Here comes the bus. / The bus is coming. 2. 桌上有一本书和两个杯子。 There is a book and two cups on the table. 3. 从前，在海边的渔村住着一位老渔夫。 Once upon a time, there lived an old fisherman in a fishing village by the sea. THANK YOU! $