2026-2027学年初高中衔接英语基本句型中译英翻译练习

2026-09-10
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摘要:

**基本信息** 系统覆盖英语六大基本句型,通过结构化讲解与针对性翻译练习,帮助学生建立英语句子构建的思维框架,提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |SV|3题|明确不及物动词特性,强调状语修饰作用|从基础句型入手,构建句子基本框架| |SVO|9题|区分及物动词用法,解析不同类型宾语|在SV基础上增加宾语成分,扩展句子容量| |SVP|11题|归纳系动词种类,阐释表语功能|通过系动词连接主语与表语,完善句子意义| |SVOA|5题|说明状语对句意完整性的影响|在SVO基础上增加状语,丰富句子表达| |SVOC|6题|分析宾语与宾补的逻辑关系|通过宾补补充说明宾语,提升句子复杂度| |SVIODO|15题|总结双宾动词及位置互换规则|掌握间接宾语与直接宾语的搭配规律|

内容正文:

英语基本句型中译英翻译练习 (高一新生衔接专用卷) 【使用说明】 1. 本练习覆盖英语六大基本句型:SV, SVO, SVP, SVOA, SVOC, SVIODO。 2. 请在横线处写出对应的英文句子。 3. 完成后可对照末尾的参考答案自行批改。 一、主谓结构 (Subject + Verb, SV) 结构:主语 + 不及物动词 (+ 状语) 特点:谓语动词为不及物动词,后面无需接宾语,句意即完整。常带有状语修饰。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 孩子们在公园里跑。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 他昨天下午到达了。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 她每天早上六点起床。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 二、主谓宾结构 (Subject + Verb + Object, SVO) 结构:主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 特点:谓语动词为及物动词,后面必须接宾语,句意才完整。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 她有一个新书包。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 我们帮助老人。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 他喜欢游泳。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 她计划去北京旅行。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 我想知道她是否喜欢音乐。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6. 我认识那个戴眼镜的男孩。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7. 他有一封要寄的信。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8. 我认识一个叫Lily的女孩。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 9. 我们得到消息说天气会变好。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 三、主系表结构 (Subject + Linking Verb + Predicative, SVP) 结构:主语 + 系动词 + 表语 特点:谓语动词为系动词(be / seem / become等),后面接表语,说明主语身份、特征或状态。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 数学是我最爱的学科。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 百闻不如一见。(提示:眼见为实,用动名词作主语和表语) _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 成为一名医生是我的理想。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 我想要成为的是一名医生。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 那支笔是我的。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6. 他似乎很疲倦。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7. 许多鸟类处于危险之中。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8. 那不是我所想的。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 9. 她是一个聪明的女孩。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 10. 这是令人失望的消息。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 11. 我是一个喜欢听音乐的14岁女孩。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 四、主谓宾状结构 (Subject + Verb + Object + Adverbial, SVOA) 结构:主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 状语 特点:谓语动词为及物动词,后接宾语和状语。去掉状语语法仍成立,但语义不完整。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 我最喜欢数学。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 他经常参加学校活动。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 我和他交朋友。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 她真的很想要一只猫。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 如果你想成功,你就应该努力学习。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 五、主谓宾宾补结构 (Subject + Verb + Object + Complement, SVOC) 结构:主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 特点:宾语与宾补之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,宾补补充说明宾语的身份、状态或动作。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 我们选她当学习委员。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 请保持房间干净整齐。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 老师让Mary出去。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 我告诉他不要在教室里跑。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 我看见她正在图书馆看书。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6. 我把他的话记在心里。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 六、主谓双宾结构 (Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object, SVIODO) 结构:主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语(人)+ 直接宾语(物) 常用动词:give, show, tell, send, offer, teach, buy, bring, pass, lend, hand, cook, read, sing等 注意:间接宾语和直接宾语的位置可以互换(需加介词to或for)。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 爸爸每天早上给我做午饭。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 那位老师教我们中文。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 她给了我一张漂亮的卡片。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 你能把橡皮递给我吗? _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 他给弟弟买了一个新玩具。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6. 妈妈答应给我买一个新手机。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7. 请把你的作文交给老师。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8. 她借给我一本书。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 9. 他给同学们讲了一个有趣的笑话。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 10. 我打算给朋友寄一封感谢信。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 11. 你能给我看看你的新画吗? _______________________________________________________________________________ 12. 服务员给我们端来了两杯咖啡。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 13. 我昨天给室友讲了一个故事。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 14. 哥哥给我唱了一首动听的歌。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 15. 她在儿童节送了我一份礼物。 _______________________________________________________________________________ ================================================================================ 【参考答案】 ================================================================================ 一、主谓结构 (SV) 1. Children run in the park. 2. He arrived yesterday afternoon. 3. She gets up at six every morning. 二、主谓宾结构 (SVO) 1. She has a new schoolbag. 2. We help the old (people). 3. He likes swimming. (动名词作宾语) 4. She plans to travel to Beijing. (不定式作宾语) 5. I wonder if/whether she likes music. (if/whether引导宾语从句) 6. I know the boy with glasses. (介词短语作后置定语) 7. He has a letter to mail/send. (不定式作后置定语) 8. I know a girl called/named Lily. (过去分词短语作后置定语) 9. We got the news that the weather would get better. (that引导同位语从句) 三、主系表结构 (SVP) 1. Math is my favorite subject. 2. Seeing is believing. (动名词作主语和表语) 3. To be a doctor is my dream. / Becoming a doctor is my dream. (不定式/动名词作主语) 4. What I want to be is a doctor. (what引导主语从句) 5. That pen is mine. 6. He seems tired. 7. Many birds are in danger. (介词短语作表语) 8. That's not what I think/mean. (what引导表语从句) 9. She is a clever girl. 10. It's disappointing news. (现在分词作定语) 11. I am a 14-year-old girl who likes listening to music. (who引导定语从句) 四、主谓宾状结构 (SVOA) 1. I like math best. 2. He often takes part in school activities. 3. I make friends with him. 4. She really wants a cat. 5. You should study hard if you want to succeed. (if引导条件状语从句) 五、主谓宾宾补结构 (SVOC) 1. We made her our study commissioner. (名词作宾补) 2. Please keep the room clean and tidy. (形容词作宾补) 3. The teacher let Mary out. (副词作宾补) 4. I told him not to run in the classroom. (不定式作宾补,否定式) 5. I saw her reading in the library. (现在分词作宾补,强调进行) 6. I kept his words in mind. (介词短语作宾补) 六、主谓双宾结构 (SVIODO) —— 两种语序均可 1. Dad cooks me lunch every morning. / Dad cooks lunch for me every morning. 2. That teacher teaches us Chinese. 3. She gave me a nice card. / She gave a nice card to me. 4. Can you pass me the eraser? / Can you pass the eraser to me? 5. He bought his brother a new toy. / He bought a new toy for his brother. 6. Mom promised me a new phone. / Mom promised a new phone to me. 7. Please hand your composition to the teacher. / Please hand the teacher your composition. 8. She lent me a book. / She lent a book to me. 9. He told his classmates an interesting joke. / He told an interesting joke to his classmates. 10. I plan to send my friend a thank-you letter. / I plan to send a thank-you letter to my friend. 11. Can you show me your new painting? / Can you show your new painting to me? 12. The waiter brought us two cups of coffee. / The waiter brought two cups of coffee to us. 13. I told my roommate a story yesterday. / I told a story to my roommate yesterday. 14. My brother sang me a beautiful song. / My brother sang a beautiful song to me. 15. She sent me a present on Children's Day. / She sent a present to me on Children's Day. ================================================================================ — 练习结束 — ================================================================================ 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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2026-2027学年初高中衔接英语基本句型中译英翻译练习
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2026-2027学年初高中衔接英语基本句型中译英翻译练习
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2026-2027学年初高中衔接英语基本句型中译英翻译练习
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