Unit 4 Section Ⅳ Writing an ending to a story（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册（外研版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语读后续写核心知识点，系统梳理环境、心理、动作等描写方法，以情绪变化为线索构建文章结构。通过欧·亨利《二十年后》续写范例分析，结合Mo与Terry故事的初读信息获取、再读线索梳理、情节预测及提纲列写，辅以词汇积累与微情境练习，搭建完整学习支架。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力培养。语言能力方面，提供丰富描写范例及词汇表；思维品质上，通过情节逻辑梳理与预测步骤（如Mo续写中分析Terry作弊原因）提升分析解决问题能力。课中辅助教师教学，课后微情境与完形填空练习帮助学生巩固知识，弥补盲点。

Section Ⅳ　Writing an ending to a story 　　Stepping out of jail into the cold wind， Bob， now 58， felt lost and helpless. 　　“Twenty years is a long time，” he smiled bitterly， not knowing where to go.He had no family， and had never heard a word from Jimmy again since that cold， dark night.“Was he ashamed of having a friend like me？” Bob longed for an answer. 　　“Excuse me， sir， are you Bob？” Bob heard the voice of a young man. 　　“Yes.” He turned around and was surprised to find a familiar-looking man in his thirties.“Have we met before？” 　　“No， sir，” replied the man.“My father told me to meet you today.I have a note for you from him.” 　　Doubtfully， Bob unfolded the note.His hands were shaking by the time he had finished reading. 　　Bob， the doctor says I’ve only got three months.I’m afraid I won’t be able to meet you this time， but you’ll always be my dear friend. 　　 Jimmy 　　“You’re Jimmy’s son？！” Bob shouted in surprise. 　　“Yes， sir，” the young man smiled.“And my name is Bob.” 学语言 　　本文是一篇读后续写，原文是欧·亨利的《二十年后》，文章主要续写的是两个失去联系的好友是如何实现二十年之约的。 　　范文中，作者添加了新的人物——好友的儿子赴约给父亲送信，最终实现了两人的二十年之约。 　　文章开头作者运用cold wind、cold， dark night等环境描写衬托出了主人公Bob的心境；运用心理描写表现出了主人公Bob的无助、无奈与困惑；运用自言自语道出了主人公Bob对朋友的渴望以及对自己的自我安慰。最后，在朋友儿子出现后，作者通过shaking等动作描写表现出了主人公的感动之情；通过surprised， doubtfully， shouted等词对人物进行了生动地刻画。最后通过朋友儿子的自我介绍对文章主题进行升华，使文章回味无穷。 学结构 　　范文的主要线索为主人公Bob的情绪变化： 　　lost and helpless→not knowing where to go→surprised→doubtfully→shouted in surprise 语言描写 1.“Here， Mum！ Here！” Reuben exclaimed as he ran to her side. “在这里，妈妈！这里！”鲁本一边跑向她一边大叫着。 2.“How can I let you throw away the thing that means the most to you？” I pleaded with him. “我怎么能让你丢掉对你来说最重要的东西呢？”我恳求他。 3.“I haven’t finished； I need more time，” he begged.“That’s what Michelangelo said，” Mr Edgar joked. “我还没说完，我需要更多的时间，”他恳求道。“米开朗基罗就是这么说的，”埃德加先生开玩笑说。 情感描写 1.The smile on her face shone like a diamond. 她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。 2.A smile of understanding flashed across his face. 他脸上露出了一种会心的微笑。 3.He stood silently， tears rolling down his cheeks. 他静静地站着，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。 心理描写 1.I immediately picture/imagine him walking through the door， wearing a shining smile. 我立刻想象出他面带灿烂的微笑穿过门的样子。 2.Most days I hope that maybe he will turn up at my doorstep one day.大多数时候，我希望也许有一天他会出现在我的家门口。 3.He was determined to tell people the truth， but no one could hear his voice. 他决定告诉人们真相，但是没有人能听到他的声音。 动作描写 1.Stunned， I stood up and gave her an awkward hug/hugged her in an awkward way. 我惊呆了，站起来尴尬地拥抱了她。 2.Speechless， she smiled radiantly and gathered her son into her arms.她说不出话来，把儿子揽入怀中，脸上洋溢着动人的光彩。 3.Wanting to appear agreeable， I bent down， picked up the ball and， eyes half-shut， threw it back as hard as I could.我想显得和和气气，便弯下腰捡起球，半闭着眼睛，用尽全力把它扔了回去。 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　Mo was waiting in the corridor outside her class.She was feeling sick.She had two exams that day and physics was the first.She really hated physics.It was her worst subject.Terry looked back at her from the front of the line， and then looked away quickly.Mo thought she looked guilty.She didn’t have a problem with physics.She didn’t have a problem with anything ...Miss Perfect！ 　　“Hi， Mo， it’s your favourite exam today.” said Nima， laughing as she joined the line.Terry was looking at Mo again， “So what’s wrong with her？” asked Nima.“I thought you were friends.” “Yes， so did I，” said Mo.“But she hasn’t spoken to me for two weeks now. She promised to help me review for the physics exam， too， but then she ignored all my cards and texts.And when I rang her house， her mum just told me she was busy.She’s forgotten who her friends are！” said Mo angrily.“Are you listening to me？” Mr Reed was talking to the class and the other students were going into the exam room.Mo gave Nima a worried look and followed them. 　　Mo couldn’t answer question number five.She looked up and saw Terry sitting two rows in front of her.Mo could not believe it！ Terry was holding her phone on her knee under the table and reading from it.Is that how Terry always got such good grades？ She felt really angry with Terry， but she didn’t know what to do.She thought about telling the teacher， but what would everyone else think of her？ “Stop writing and put your pens down，” said Mr Reed as he started to collect the exam papers.Oh no， Mo hadn’t answered two of the questions.She was going to fail again！ 　　Mo wanted to talk to Terry at lunch time， but she couldn’t find her anywhere.The next exam was history.That was Mo’s favourite subject but she wasn’t feeling good.Mo went to the library to study， but she couldn’t concentrate.She didn’t know what to do about Terry.She thought about telling a teacher， but everyone would hate her if she did that.“It isn’t fair！” she thought.“Terry was getting good grades by cheating all that time，” thought Mo.Just then， Mr Reed walked past her table.“Mr Reed ...” 　　Mo was sitting behind Terry again in the history exam that afternoon.Mo was feeling terrible.Why had she told Mr Reed？ But it was too late now.And anyway， Terry didn’t want to be her friend！ Mr Reed wanted her to look at him and nod if she saw that Terry was cheating in the exam. 注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 　　She was working on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　Mo was walking towards the school gate， when she heard footsteps behind her.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 一、初读获取基本信息 1.基本结构 2.故事情节 Mo和Terry是好朋友→Mo不擅长物理，Terry原本答应帮Mo辅导，但未做到→考试时Mo发现Terry看手机，内心纠结，最终还是把情况告诉了老师。 二、再读获取情节发展线索 1.续写逻辑梳理：细读两段续写的开头语，理顺续写段落间的逻辑关系。 第一段：She was working on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table. ·How did Mo feel？ ·What did Mr Reed do then？ ·How did Mo feel at the time？ 第二段：Mo was walking towards the school gate， when she heard footsteps behind her. ·Who was behind her？ ·Why didn’t Terry help Mo review？ ·Did they make up？ 2.关键词归类：围绕选定的关键词，合理创新故事情节。 ·Mr Reed——人物 ·friends， the teacher——人物关系 ·phone， exam， problem——重要事物 ·cheat， nod， review——动作 ·two weeks——时间 关键词归类后，可以判断重要事物中的phone在续写时必须使用，其他词可选择性使用。 三、预测情节发展 第一段：根据关键词Mr Reed， nod， the teacher和exam可构思本段细节：尽管Mo感到不安，她还是看着Mr Reed点头致意 （nod）。直到老师 （the teacher） 拍了拍Terry的背部她才注意到Mr Reed。Terry立刻被要求离开。Terry跑出教室，一路哭着。Mo非但没有感到放松，而是焦虑不安。她把这事告诉了Mr Reed，感到很内疚，导致Terry没有完成考试 （exam）。 第二段：根据关键词two weeks， review和phone可构思本段细节：Terry拦住了Mo，向她解释没有帮她复习 （review） 的原因。爸爸这两周 （two weeks） 病得很重，今天做手术。Terry很担心他，所以才看手机 （phone） 的短信。Terry请求Mo原谅。 四、列要点提纲，优化提升连接成文 第一段：feel uneasy and restless， looked at Mr Reed and nodded， patted on her back， was asked to leave， rushed out of the class， felt guilty 第二段：feel embarrassed， run away， stopped her and said， has been badly ill， had a significant operation， kept on reading the texts， forgave me， see your father 五、检查誊写，卷面整洁 　　She was working on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table.　Though feeling uneasy and restless， she looked at Mr Reed and nodded.With her eyes glued to the phone， it wasn’t until the teacher patted on her back that Terry noticed Mr Reed.Immediately， Terry was asked to leave.Terry rushed out of the class， crying all the way.Instead of feeling relaxed， Mo had ants in her pants.She felt guilty for telling Mr Reed about it， which had resulted in Terry’s not finishing her exam.　 　　Mo was walking towards the school gate， when she heard footsteps behind her.　She turned to find it was Terry who had just come out of the teacher’s office.Feeling embarrassed， Mo wanted to run away.Nevertheless， Terry stopped her and said， “Mo， I’m sorry I haven’t kept my promise to help you review， but my father has been badly ill for two weeks.Today he had a significant operation.I was so worried about him that I kept on reading the texts on the phone sent by my mother to get the latest news about him， so Mr Reed forgave me.Can you forgive me？” “Of course！ Let’s go to the hospital to see your father.” Mo couldn’t wait to reply.　 词汇 情感描写 inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的 anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的　　 bitterly adv.痛苦地，愤恨地 ashamed adj.感到不好意思的，难为情的 passion n.强烈的情感，激情 动作描写 pour v.灌，注，倒　　　 　　 unfold v.（卷着的东西）展开，打开 strike v.划（火柴）；打动　　 comfort n.& v.安慰，抚慰 tend v.易于做某事，往往会发生某事 词汇 人物描写 patience n.耐心　　　　 　　 generosity n.慷慨，大方 humour n.幽默感　　 quality n.素质，品德 ordinary adj.普通的，平常的　　 scar n.伤疤 plain adj.简单的，朴素的　　 personality n.个性，性格 佳句 1.He goes up to the man and finds he has a scar on his face. （动作描写、外貌描写） 他走到那个男人面前，发现他的脸上有一道伤疤。 2.Doubtfully，Bob unfolded the note.His hands were shaking by the time he had finished reading.（情绪描写） 鲍勃将信将疑地打开了纸条。当他读完时，他的手在颤抖。 微情境一　课后自习室的小插曲 　　After school， I stayed in the classroom to finish my math homework， and the sky outside got dark slowly.1.　Feeling anxious about the hard math problems　 （因这些困难的数学题而焦虑） I couldn’t work out， I tapped my pencil on the desk restlessly.My deskmate， who saw my trouble， 2.　unfolded a piece of paper　 （展开一张纸） and wrote down how to solve the problems step by step. 　　When I saw her clear notes， 3.　I felt a bit ashamed　 （我有点不好意思） for being so impatient just now.4.　Then she patted my shoulder gently to comfort me　 （接着她轻轻拍我的肩膀安慰我）， saying： “Your wish to work out these problems is really inspiring！” 5.　Her patience turned the common after-school study time into a warm moment　 （她的耐心把这普通的课后学习时光变成了温暖的时刻）. 微情境二　运动会后的暖心时刻 　　After the 800-meter race in the school sports meeting， I collapsed on the playground， 1.　my legs aching bitterly　 （我的腿疼得厉害）.I sat there， too exhausted to move， and soon 2.　the rain began to pour　 （开始下雨了）.3.　A classmate with a faint scar on his forehead walked over　 （一个额头有浅伤疤的同学走过来）， unfolded his umbrella and held it over my head.4.　His sudden generosity made the cold， tiring moment feel much warmer　 （他突如其来的慷慨让这寒冷而疲惫的时刻感觉温暖了许多）.5.　He used his nice humour to comfort me　 （他用他友善的幽默来安慰我）， saying： “You ran really bravely — take it easy， and you’ll feel better soon！”Though he looked ordinary， 6.　his patience and kind personality were so inspiring　 （他的耐心和友善的性格如此鼓舞人心） that they lit up my hard time after the race. Ⅰ.完形填空 　　（2026·山东青岛二中高一上月考）Five years ago， I moved to a new city for work.The first few weeks were full of excitement as I explored the nearby parks and cafes.But as the novelty （新鲜感） wore off， I felt 　1　 and wanted to make new friends.I longed for meaningful 　2　 and a place where I felt like at home.That’s when I saw an ad for a 10-kilometer running race.It was a big decision.I was just an occasional runner， usually only doing 2 or 3 kilometers at most.Running 10 kilometers？ It seemed 　3　， but my wish to make friends was stronger than my fear. 　　The early days of training were 　4　.After the first run， my legs 　5　 so much that I could hardly walk up the stairs.I felt like 　6　 many times.Then， I joined a running group.The moment I met the other runners， I felt welcomed.Their 　7　 gave me the courage to keep going.Gradually， I started to make 　8　.While running along the river， we chatted about the best places to run， compared our favorite running shoes， and 　9　 funny stories. 　　As we trained more， our conversations 　10　.We started sharing our dreams of traveling the world， the times we 　11　 at something and felt sad， and the small daily problems that bothered us.After an 8-kilometer training run， as we sat on the grass， drinking water and catching our breath， I was 　12　 that I had made lifelong friends. 　　Race day finally 　13　.Standing at the starting line， surrounded by my friends， I felt a rush of excitement.All those early mornings， all the tired legs and heavy breaths during training 　14　.When we crossed the finish line， hands linked， I felt proud.I found true friends， and I learned that with 　15　， anything is possible. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因工作搬到新城市后感到孤独，为了结交朋友报名参加 10 公里跑步比赛，在艰苦的训练过程中加入跑步小组，与组员们从分享跑步相关话题逐渐发展为交心的挚友，最终顺利完成比赛并收获友谊与成长感悟的故事。 1.A.delighted　 B.bored C.lonely　 D.thankful 解析：C　根据下文的表述可知，作者在新城市缺少陪伴，内心处于孤独的状态。 2.A.memories　 B.connections C.traditions　 D.habits 解析：B　根据上文的表述可推断，此处是作者渴望建立有意义的人际联结。 3.A.significant　 B.impossible C.easy　 D.enjoyable 解析：B　根据上文可知，作者平时最多只跑两三公里，对于10公里的赛程会觉得难以实现。 4.A.common　 B.interesting C.difficult　 D.different 解析：C　根据下文的描述可知，第一次跑步后作者身体反应强烈，训练过程并不轻松。 5.A.ached　 B.shook C.broke　 D.weakened 解析：A　根据上文训练艰难的语境以及下文的结果可知，此处指作者的腿因运动产生了酸痛感。 6.A.giving in　 B.giving out C.giving away　 D.giving up 解析：D　根据上文训练带来的身体反应可知，艰苦的训练让作者多次产生放弃的念头。 7.A.kindness　 B.carefulness C.happiness　 D.tiredness 解析：A　根据上文可知，跑步小组的成员们让作者感受到被接纳，这份友善鼓舞了作者。 8.A.mistakes　 B.advances C.decisions　 D.discoveries 解析：B　根据上文作者在他人鼓励下坚持训练以及下文参与8-kilometer training run 的场景可知，作者的跑步状态逐渐变好，make advances意为“取得进步”。 9.A.shared　 B.chose C.carried　 D.hid 解析：A　根据上下文可知，此处需填与chatted和compared逻辑一致的交流类动词。 10.A.suffered　 B.happened C.grew　 D.changed 解析：D　根据上下文可知，组员们的交流从与跑步相关的话题转向了更私人的内心想法，谈话内容在改变。 11.A.aimed　 B.managed C.failed　 D.started 解析：C　根据下文felt sad的情绪提示可知，此处是指经历失败的时刻。 12.A.hopeful　 B.regretful C.ashamed　 D.certain 解析：D　根据上文的交流场景可知，作者此时对收获的友谊十分笃定。 13.A.stopped　 B.arrived C.continued　 D.escaped 解析：B　根据下文的场景描述可知，此处指期待已久的比赛日如期而至。 14.A.went off　 B.took off C.paid off　 D.gave off 解析：C　根据下文可知，作者和朋友们顺利完成比赛，之前训练的艰辛都有了好的结果。 15.A.determination　 B.celebration C.expectation　 D.explanation 解析：A　根据上文I was just an occasional runner， usually only doing 2 or 3 kilometers at most.到最终crossed the finish line的完整经历可知，此处是指内心的决心支撑着作者完成挑战。 Ⅱ.读后续写 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　（2026·河南部分重点中学高一上月考）Brenda was a woman who treasured order in her life.Her house was always tidy， and the street in front of her home was a model of cleanliness.Every morning， she would take a walk， admiring the nice flowers and the well-cleaned roads. 　　One sunny morning， her peaceful world suddenly fell apart.An old camper van （露营车） pulled up right in front of her house.After many long trips， its coating of paint was coming off， making the van look even more worn-out.And one of the tires （轮胎） looked a bit flat.Brenda’s face immediately darkened.She thought it was an ugly mess that ruined the street’s tidiness. 　　Soon， the owner of the van， Maud， a woman in her sixties， knocked on Brenda’s door.Maud had a warm smile and explained that she planned to stay in the town during the local folk music festival.She also asked if she could use Brenda’s bathroom.“I’m sorry， but that’s not convenient，” Brenda answered coldly， shutting the door before Maud could say more.She just wanted this “ugly woman” to leave as soon as possible. 　　Over the next few days， Brenda tried everything to make Maud leave.She called the town office， saying the van was blocking traffic （it wasn’t）， and even left a note asking her to move.But Maud just waved and smiled each time she saw Brenda， never complaining.At night， Brenda would hear soft music coming from the van — soft guitar strums （弹奏） and a sweet voice singing old folk songs.Slowly， her anger turned into doubt.“Am I being too unfriendly？” she wondered.Maud didn’t seem like a troublemaker and didn’t do anything wrong.She was a traveler and maybe she just wanted to make friends and enjoy the festival. 注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 　　The next morning， Brenda took a deep breath and walked to the van.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　By the time the festival ended， they were good friends.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： 　　The next morning， Brenda took a deep breath and walked to the van.“Maud， I’m sorry for being so unfriendly，” she said sincerely.“Would you like to come inside for some tea？” Maud’s eyes lit up.Inside， they sat by the window， drinking tea and talking about music.Maud shared stories of her travels to music festivals， and Brenda found herself laughing and asking for more.She realized that Maud was a kind and interesting person， not the troublemaker she had thought. By the time the festival ended， they were good friends.Maud packed her van， but before leaving， she handed Brenda a small guitar pick.“This is for when you’re feeling like you need to remember that music and kindness bring people together，” she said.Brenda stood in her doorway， watching the van drive away and holding the pick tightly.She realized that order was nice， but the unexpected warmth of a new friend was even nicer.Sometimes， the things that break our plans are the ones that bring us the most joy. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $