Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Writing a story about a misunderstanding in English（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册（外研版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语误解类记叙文写作核心知识点，系统梳理范文结构（背景-误解-解决）、情感线索（困惑→惊讶→恍然大悟）及复合句运用，提供常用开头（如描述经历）、主体（如表达困惑）、结尾（如解释结果）句式，辅以情感、动作、人物描写词汇及微情境练习作为学习支架。 该资料特色在于通过“toad-in-the-hole”“老婆饼”等跨文化误解案例培养文化意识，借助情感表达与复合句提升语言能力，审题谋篇中句间衔接训练（如定语从句改写）发展思维品质。课中提供写作框架辅助教学，课后完形填空、语法填空等题型助力学生巩固知识，查漏补缺。

Section Ⅳ　Writing a story about a misunderstanding in English 　　Last summer， I stayed with a British host family.One day， I was really surprised when Jeremy， the son of the family， told me that we would have toad-in-the-hole for dinner.I wasn’t sure whether we were going to eat a real toad in a hole.If so， how terrible！ I joined them at dinner time with butterflies in my stomach.To my astonishment， a dish of sausages cooked in Yorkshire pudding （a mix that tastes a bit like pancakes） was served on the table， and it tasted delicious.It turned out that toad-in-the-hole is a typical dish for a British dinner， and there’s no toad！ What an amazing experience！ It was interesting to try such yummy food with a strange name. 学语言 　　从体裁上，要求写一篇记叙文，因此写作内容要求有时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。题目要求写一篇有关误解的故事，因此范文特别突出“误解”一词，文章用到感叹句“how terrible！”和“What an amazing experience！”，用到表示困惑、惊讶的表达“with butterflies in my stomach”，“To my astonishment”，“amazing”，把对这道菜的误解进行了生动地描绘。 范文多次用到复合句，例如： I was really surprised when ... I wasn’t sure whether ... It turned out that ... 学写法 文章主要分为三部分： 第一部分：主要交代故事发生的时间、地点、人物以及事件； 第二部分：主要叙述故事引发的困惑、误解等； 第三部分：主要交代结果，消除误会。 另外，文章的写作情感线索为：困惑→惊讶→恍然大悟。 一、常用的开头语 1.There was an interesting experience/story happening in 2023， which I still remember now.2023年发生了一件有趣的经历/故事，现在我仍然记得。 2.It was a beautiful day and the sun was shining. 那是美好的一天，阳光灿烂。 3.Up to now， I still remember one interesting/terrible/embarrassing thing which happened years ago. 直到现在，我仍然记得发生在多年前的一件有趣的/可怕的/尴尬的事情。 二、主体部分常用表达 1.When I told my friend， she said I was pulling my legs.当我把这件事告诉朋友时，她说我在开玩笑。 2.It occurred to me that there should be some jobs available at a KFC fast-food restaurant. 我突然想起来了，在肯德基快餐店应该可以找到一些工作。 3.Only when he explained this term could I understand that he was trying to find his friends. 只有当他解释了这个术语后，我才明白他想找到他的朋友们。 三、常用的结束语 1.It turned out that it was a delicious dish. 结果那是一道美味的菜。 2.Since then I have worked hard at lessons. 自从那以后我努力学习功课。 　　假定你是李华，美国留学生Jack正在中国学汉语。他觉得自己的汉语学得很不错了，但仍有些疑惑。听说今天你带他吃的是“老婆饼”和“叫花鸡”，他很吃惊，吃后却觉得很好吃。请用英语写一篇短文叙述今天发生的故事。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：小吃snack；老婆饼Wife Cake；叫花鸡Beggar’s Chicken 一、审题谋篇，结构分明 二、要点陈述，语言规范 1.杰克是一名美国交换生，他汉语说得很流利。 Jack is 　an American exchange student　 and 　he can speak Chinese very fluently　. 2.他非常喜欢中国小吃，但对它们的名字感到非常困惑。 He likes Chinese snacks very much but 　is very confused about their names　. 3.我给他买了一些老婆饼和一只叫花鸡，但他难以理解它们的名字。 I bought him some Wife Cakes and a Beggar’s Chicken but 　he had trouble （in） understanding their names　. 4.我告诉他，有些中国小吃的名字是根据它们的起源命名的，有些是根据它们的食材。 I told him some of the names of Chinese snacks 　are based on　 their origins and some are based on their ingredients. 5.这些中国小吃的名字表明了这些食物的历史。 These names of Chinese snacks 　show the history of these foods　. 6.这些名字也反映了中国人的智慧。 These names also 　reflect the wisdom of Chinese people　. 7.听了我的话后，杰克知道了这些名字的含义，并渴望试一试。 Hearing what I said，　Jack was aware of the meanings of these names and was eager to have a try　. 三、句间衔接，过渡自然 1.用定语从句改写要点1。 　Jack is an American exchange student，who can speak Chinese very fluently.　 2.用either ...or ...改写要点4。 　I told him some of the names of Chinese snacks are either based on their origins or based on their ingredients.　 3.用not only ...but also ...连接要点5和要点6。 　These names of Chinese snacks not only show the history of these foods but also reflect the wisdom of Chinese people.　 四、检查誊写，卷面整洁 　　　Jack is an American exchange student， who can speak Chinese very fluently.He likes Chinese snacks very much but is very confused about their names.　 　　　One day，I bought him some Wife Cakes and a Beggar’s Chicken but he had trouble （in） understanding their names.I told him some of the names of Chinese snacks are either based on their origins or based on their ingredients.These names of Chinese snacks not only show the history of these foods but also reflect the wisdom of Chinese people.　 　　　Hearing what I said，Jack was aware of the meanings of these names and was eager to have a try.　 词汇 情感描写 homesick adj.想家的 opposing adj.（观点、意见等）相反的，相对立的 confusing adj.令人困惑的 unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的，不了解的 likely adj.可能的，可能发生的 negative adj.消极的，负面的 positive adj.好的，积极的 aware adj.意识到的，明白的 词汇 动作描写 come across 偶然发现 contact v.联系，联络 remind v.提醒，使……想起 intend v.计划，打算 have a frog in one’s throat （尤因喉咙痛）说话困难 recognise v.认识，辨认出 人物描写 unique adj.独一无二的，独特的 wicked adj.缺德的，邪恶的；很棒的，极好的 odd adj.奇特的，古怪的 佳句 1.He had told me that his grandfather was “really wicked”.（人物描写） 他曾告诉我，他的祖父“很邪恶”。 2.I knew I had done a good job and was looking forward to getting a positive comment. （情感描写） 我知道我做得很好，期待着得到积极的评价。 微情境一　校园英语角交流 　　Tom had long 1.　intended to join the school English corner　 （打算参加校园英语角）.2.　Feeling a bit unfamiliar with the topic　 （对讨论的话题感到不熟悉）， he hesitated at the classroom door for a moment.3.　A warm-hearted classmate reminded him　 （一个热心的同学提醒了他）： “Just speak up — everyone is friendly！” Though 4.　some expressions seemed confusing　 （一些表达似乎令人困惑） at first， Tom kept listening carefully.He soon 5.　came across a partner with the same hobby　 （偶然发现了一个有相同爱好的伙伴）， and got positive feedback on his spoken English. 微情境二　班级春游策划讨论 　　Our class had long 1.　intended to organise a spring outing　 （打算组织一次春游） — the monitor’s chalk barely finished “Spring Plan” on the blackboard when the classroom got noisy.2.　Opposing opinions came out　 （出现了反对意见）： some leaned forward， yelling “mountains for hiking！”， while others waved hands， arguing “lakes for picnics.” 3.　We were aware we needed to balance everyone’s needs　 （我们意识到需要平衡每个人的需求） — silent pauses filled the room.Then 4.　Mary put forward a unique idea　 （玛丽提出了一个独特的想法）： “The fruit-picking garden — we can hike its small hill and pick strawberries！” 5.　Her idea was quickly recognised by all　 （她的想法很快被所有人认可了）.We decided to contact the garden staff after class； someone laughed， “6.　It’s likely that we’ll return with strawberry-dirty hands　 （我们很可能会带着沾满草莓渍的手回来）！” Ⅰ.完形填空 　　（2026·云南曲靖期中）Apart from German， the first foreign language I ever learnt was French， but it didn’t go very well.My mother asked our neighbour to teach me when I was seven.French wasn’t his 　1　 language， but he used to live in Paris， so he could speak with fluency.However， 　2　 his help， the words felt strange on my tongue， and I couldn’t keep the new 　3　 straight in my mind.Also， I just didn’t think that it 　4　 my daily life in any way.Thus， I eventually 　5　. 　　During the new semester of my senior high school， my 　6　 towards language learning changed.Our German teacher was Mrs Hans — a tall， slim， graceful lady.I’ll never forget the first class she 　7　 herself to us.She never once 　8　 her voice， but the moment she began to speak， the room fell silent.The 　9　 was that Mrs Hans loved German language and culture — and everybody in her classes couldn’t help but love the language， too.We all 　10　 the way she talked about German food and traditions.And I realized what 　11　 a good teacher.A good teacher is someone who is in love with what she or he is 　12　. 　　Amazingly， learning German wasn’t a 　13　 for me like learning French.Soon I began to read 　14　 books in German.It certainly wasn’t easy， but I got to read a number of interesting stories.Reading German classics opened a window for me to another world and gave me a new point of 　15　 on my own world. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学习法语失败后，因高中德语老师的影响转变了对语言学习的态度，最终在德语学习中收获乐趣与新认知的经历。 1.A.basic　 B.specific C.systematic　 D.native 解析：D　根据but he used to live in Paris， so he could speak with fluency可知，他并非以法语为母语，只是因曾在巴黎居住过而能流利地说。 2.A.despite　 B.with C.for　 D.besides 解析：A　根据However以及the words felt strange on my tongue可知，此处是指尽管有他的帮助，但作者仍觉得法语难，记不住新词。 3.A.system　 B.character C.vocabulary　 D.dialect 解析：C　参见上题解析。 4.A.referred to　 B.led to C.dated from　 D.related to 解析：D　根据语境可推知，作者认为法语和自己的日常生活没有关联。 5.A.fell apart　 B.gave up C.dropped out　 D.carried on 解析：B　根据上文可知，作者学习法语不顺利，最终放弃了。 6.A.attitude　 B.strategy C.description　 D.reference 解析：A　根据下文作者对德语学习的积极表现可知，此处是指作者对语言学习的态度发生了转变。 7.A.commented　 B.regarded C.introduced　 D.stressed 解析：C　根据the first class并结合常识可知，老师一般会在第一堂课介绍自己。 8.A.lengthened　 B.raised C.affected　 D.destroyed 解析：B　根据but前后内容对比可知，老师没有提高音量却能让教室安静。 9.A.reason　 B.factor C.summary　 D.symbol 解析：A　根据语境可知，此处是解释上文她一开口房间就安静的原因。 10.A.appreciated　 B.delivered C.suffered　 D.based 解析：A　根据上文她受欢迎的描述可知，此处是指欣赏、喜欢她分享德国文化的方式。 11.A.shocks　 B.makes C.equals　 D.symbolises 解析：B　根据下文A good teacher is someone who is in love with what she or he is可知，此处是指造就好老师的要素。 12.A.demanding　 B.teaching C.carving　 D.begging 解析：B　根据常识可知，老师的核心行为是教授知识，此处是指热爱自己所教的内容。 13.A.gap　 B.means C.variety　 D.struggle 解析：D　第一段提到作者学法语困难并放弃了，而学德语不像学法语那样，作者还开始看德语书籍了，说明德语学习对作者而言不是痛苦、煎熬。 14.A.characteristic　 B.major C.classic　 D.global 解析：C　根据下文Reading German classics opened a window for me可知，此处是指读经典书籍。 15.A.affair　 B.equality C.base　 D.view 解析：D　根据上文可知，阅读经典让作者开阔了视野、对自己的世界有了新看法。 Ⅱ.语法填空 　　（2026·江西赣州期中）I always have 16.　　　　　　 （I） own ways to learn English.First， I always read the text in advance so that I can know what I must pay much attention 17.　　　　　　 in class.To my delight， when my teacher raises a question， I know how to answer more often.And whenever I answer a question correctly， I have a strong sense of 18.　　　　　　 （achieve）. 　　Besides， I always try to take notes in class.Important language points， grammar rules， useful expressions and key words are 19.　　　　　　 I want to write down.After class， I organise the notes so that I can have a 20.　　　　　　 （good） understanding of them.Of course， I will certainly read aloud the notes in the morning. 　　21.　　　　　　 （develop） my interest in English， after class I 22.　　　　　　 （wide） read English materials.By this means I can also develop my ability of reading.23.　　　　　　 （chat） with my teachers and classmates is also one of my ways to learn English.We often talk in English about different topics concerning friendship， sports， etc.Free expression in English always 24.　　　　　　 （give） me a sense of pride， 25.　　　　　　 in turn inspires me to learn English better. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者自己学习英语的方法，包括提前预习、课堂记笔记、课后整理笔记、广泛阅读英语材料以及和老师同学用英语交流等，这些方法激发了作者学习英语的兴趣和动力。 16.my　考查代词。此处修饰名词 ways，应用形容词性物主代词。故填my。 17.to　考查介词。pay attention to为固定搭配，意为“注意”，故填 to。 18.achievement　考查词形转换。此处作介词 of 的宾语，应用名词。a sense of achievement 意为 “成就感”。故填 achievement。 19.what　考查名词性从句。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故填 what。 20.better　考查比较级。结合句意表示“更好的理解”，应用比较级，修饰名词 understanding。故填 better。 21.To develop　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式作目的状语，应用动词不定式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填 To develop。 22.widely　考查词形转换。修饰动词read应用副词，表示“广泛地”。故填widely。 23.Chatting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，chat 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作句子的主语，应用动词-ing形式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Chatting。 24.gives　考查时态和主谓一致。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为动词-ing短语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填 gives。 25.which　考查定语从句。先行词为整个主句，非限制性定语从句中缺少主语。故填which。 Ⅲ.读后续写 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　（2026·河南郑州月考）Sally was a bright and hardworking student， but she had a bad habit： she often stayed up late studying.Because of this， she had trouble waking up early and would sometimes be late for school. 　　One morning， she walked into class late again， and Mr Wells， her English teacher， became very angry.He looked at Sally and said firmly， “If you’re late again tomorrow， I will call your father.” Sally felt nervous because her parents were very strict.She knew they wouldn’t be happy if that happened.She said sorry to Mr Wells and promised she would be on time the next day. 　　Determined to keep her promise， Sally woke up very early the next morning.She didn’t want to risk being late again.She quickly got dressed， grabbed her school bag， and rushed out the door without having breakfast.By the time the bell rang， she had already sat at her desk， feeling proud of herself.However， when the door opened， it wasn’t Mr Wells who entered the room — it was Miss Jones.Mr Wells was on a business trip， and Miss Jones was filling in for him that day.Sally was disappointed.She had worked so hard to be on time， but it didn’t seem to matter in the end. 　　The next day， Sally woke up even earlier.She didn’t want to take any chances， so she ate a quick breakfast and left for school with enough time to spare.As she walked near the school gate， she noticed something on the ground.It was a wallet.She picked it up and decided to wait for the owner. 　　A moment later， Sally checked the time and heard the first bell ringing.She knew she had to hurry， but she didn’t want to ignore the wallet.She thought for a while， and then decided， “I should turn it in to the headmaster first.” She rushed to the headmaster’s office and handed it in. 注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 　　When Sally reached the classroom， Mr Wells had already started the class.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　As the bell rang for break， the headmaster walked into the classroom.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： 　　When Sally reached the classroom， Mr Wells had already started the class.She slipped in quietly， breathless and flustered.“Sorry I’m late，” she murmured.Mr Wells glanced at her but said nothing， and she hurried to her seat， heart sinking.Despite waking up early， eating breakfast， and rushing to school， she’d still been delayed by doing the right thing — returning the lost wallet.She feared he’d remember his warning and call her father， and the thought filled her with dread.For the rest of the lesson， she kept her head down， wondering if honesty was ever truly worth the cost. As the bell rang for break， the headmaster walked into the classroom.He held up a wallet and said， “This was found near the gate this morning and turned in before class — even though it meant being late.” He turned to Sally with a kind smile.“Thank you for your integrity.” The whole class clapped softly.Mr Wells nodded at her and said， “That’s more important than perfect timing.” Relief and pride washed over Sally.She finally understood： true responsibility isn’t just about punctuality — it’s about character. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $