WELCOME UNIT Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful-【金版新学案】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书Word（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语句子成分及八种基本句型核心知识点，通过美文诵读实例引导学生初步体悟，系统梳理主语、谓语等句子成分及S+V、S+V+P等基本句型，构建从语篇感知到理论讲解再到练习应用的学习支架。 资料特色在于融入语篇情境培养语言能力，如通过Einstein名言段落关联语法；对比分析双宾语与宾补等重难知识提升思维品质；分层设计课堂检测与课时测评增强学习能力。课中可借助精品微课、课件辅助教学，课后学生能通过测评题查漏补缺，巩固语法知识。

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures　 ——句子成分及八种基本句型　 美文诵读 语法体悟 　　Albert Einstein said，“If ①you want to live a happy life，tie it to a goal.” I agree.②Goals are important in many ways.③Setting goals gives you a focus in life.By setting goals now，you are deciding what you want to achieve in the future.Then you know where you are going in life and can work hard to get there.④Setting goals also helps you develop good habits.To realize your goals，you need to have a good plan，manage your time well and pay attention to details.⑤These habits will be helpful.Finally，⑥setting goals makes you more confident.When you achieve a goal，you see the result of your hard work and know how much progress you have made.A goal is a dream that needs action.As a result of your action，⑦your dream will come true.Hopefully you will live a happy life. 1.主语＋谓语(S＋V) ⑦ 2.主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P) ②⑤ 3.主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋V＋O) ① 4.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(S＋V＋O＋C) ④⑥ 5.主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S＋V＋IO＋DO) ③ 【基础落实】 1．句子成分 构成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 2．基本句子结构 (1)主语＋谓语(S＋V) 概要 例句 句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫作不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。常见的这类词有appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise等 ①The little boy　is crying． 主语 谓语 ②His　 voice　 rose． 主语 谓语 (2)主语＋谓语＋状语(S＋V＋Ad) 概要 例句 状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子，谓语动词为不及物动词(短语) ①His　father　has gone　 abroad． 主语 谓语 状语 ②They　talked　for half an hour． 主语 谓语 状语 ③The　time　passed　quickly． 主语 谓语 状语 (3)主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋V＋O) 概要 例句 谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语发出的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，后面必须接一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整，这类动词叫作及物动词 ①Our programme mainly features on campus life and latest domestic and international news． 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语 ②I　am looking forward to　hearing from you. 主语 谓语 宾语 ③Online learnin　has both advantages and disadvantages． 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语 (4)主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(S＋V＋O＋Ad) 概要 例句 副词或介词短语在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词 ①He　 knows　what to do　next． 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 ②I 　had　 my first maths　class　in senior high． 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 ③I　waited for　him　at the school gate． 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 (5)主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P) 概要 例句 句子中的谓语动词不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫作系动词。表示状态的系动词有be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain等；表示转变或结果的系动词有become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove等 ①Sh　looked　a little　annoyed． 主语 系动词 表语 ②“Talk and Talk”　is a popular program for native English speakers. 主语 系动词 表语 ③Three of the four Lincoln sons　were　born here. 主语 系动词 表语 ④It　was　sweet　and　fresh． 主语 系动词 表语 表语 (6)There be＋主语＋状语 概要 例句 用来表示人或事物的存在、出现等意义，而且大多用于描述性文章中，表示“(客观)存在、有”。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词“there (那里)”混淆 ①There are many things we can do to learn English　well. There be 主语 目的状语 ②There was　a car stolen last night． There be 主语 时间状语 【重难探究】 1．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S＋V＋IO＋DO) 概要 例句 1．分清直接宾语和间接宾语 ①这两个宾语一个是动作的间接承受者，即间接宾语，作间接宾语的常常是“人”。 ②另一个是动作的直接承受者，即直接宾语。作直接宾语的常是“物”。 2．何时用to或者for ①这种句型可以转化为其他两种句型： 动词＋宾语＋for sb；动词＋宾语＋to sb ②“to sb”的情况 强调动作是 “把某物传递/给予某人”，侧重动作的 “方向性”(某物从主语到 “sb”)。 常见动词：表示 “给予、传递、告知、展示” 等，如：give, pass, lend, offer, send, show, tell, teach, bring, hand, return 等。 用 “for sb” 的情况 强调动作是 “为某人做 / 准备某物”，侧重动作的 “目的性”(为 “sb” 的利益或需求而做)。 常见动词：表示 “购买、制作、准备、获取” 等，如：buy, make, cook, get, find, choose, sing, fetch, build 等。 Ⅰ.找出下列句中的直接宾语或者间接宾语 1．It |gives| her |a sense of duty． 间宾 直宾 2．The president |showed| me |her daughter's pictures． 间宾 直宾 3．I |told| him | that the bus was late． 间宾 直宾 Ⅱ.选词填空(to/for) I hope you| can tell| me| the truth. ＝I hope you |can tell| the truth |to me. 我希望你把真相告诉我。 Her father |bought| her|a dictionary. ＝Her father |bought| a dictionary |for her. 她父亲给她买了一本词典。 2．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(S＋V＋O＋C) 概要 例句 (1)如何理解宾语补足语？ 有些及物动词，如果只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，则必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，这样才能使意思完整。补足宾语的部分就是宾语补足语。 (2)宾语与宾补是什么关系？ 宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。 (3)哪些动词常用于“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语”？ ①ask，want，like，allow，advise，teach，persuade 等＋宾语＋to do； ②感官动词：see，watch，notice，observe，feel，hear等＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式/动词-ing形式/过去分词； ③使役动词：let＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式； make＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式/过去分词； have＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式/动词-ing形式/过去分词。 注意：上述跟省略to的动词不定式作宾补的动词如果变成被动语态，省掉的to要加上。 Ⅰ.找出下列句中的宾语和宾补 1．With knowledge，we can make our country richer and stronger． 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 2．I heard him　singing in the room. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．My teacher had me see (see) a doctor. 2．Setting goals makes you more confident (confident). 3．He asked me to come(come) back soon. 4．I saw Tom playing (play) basketball on the playground. 5．The man had the light burning (burn) all night. 6．I will have all my clothes washed (wash) this afternoon. 7．She kept us waiting (wait) for her answer for over a week. 8．She is often heard by me to sing(sing) a German song in her lovely voice. 【名师点津】　如何分辨“主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语”与“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语”？ 1．双宾语是两个独立宾语 He gave me a book.(gave后有两个独立宾语，me和a book) 2．宾补是补充宾语的成分 He made me happy.(形容词happy对宾语me进行补充说明) look forward to 盼望；期待 (教材原句)Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student. 汤姆正盼望着迎接这名新的交换生。 先运用　单句语法填空/词汇升级 ①I am looking forward to your joining (join) us and wish you a wonderful time. ②As long as you stick to reading (read) English aloud every day, your oral English will get better. ③As an exchange student, I really have no idea how to get used to living (live) in the new surroundings. ④I sincerely hope that you can help revise my composition and expect for your early reply. →I sincerely hope that you can help revise my composition and look forward to your early reply. 后牢记　用法归纳 含介词“to”的短语 look forward to 　　　　 盼望 pay attention to 注意 be/get used to 习惯于 get down to 开始认真考虑 lead to 导致 refer to 提到；查阅 stick to 坚持 Ⅰ.写出黑体部分在句中所作成分 1．The aged are well taken care of in the village.主语 2．He managed to finish the work in time.宾语 3．His wish is to become a scientist.表语 4．Great changes have taken place in China since 1980.谓语 5．He noticed a man enter the room.宾语补足语 6．Would you tell me your advice？直接宾语 7．I opened the window to let some fresh air in.状语 8．He was elected chairman of the company.主语补足语 9．The boy who won the scholarship was a quite outstanding student.定语 10．It makes no difference whether he will come or not.主语 Ⅱ.选出下列句子属于哪种句子结构 ①SV　②SVO　③SVP　④SVOO　⑤SVOC ⑥SVA　⑦SVOA　⑧There be句型 1．Time flies.① 2．He enjoys reading.② 3．The sun keeps us warm.⑤ 4．The dinner smells good.③ 5．The red sun rises in the east.⑥ 6．There are 45 students in our class.⑧ 7．I want to have a cup of tea very much.⑦ 8．She cooked her husband a delicious meal.④ Ⅲ.写出下列文中加下划线的句子的类型 How would you like to go to school and travel the world at the same time? For Tom，1.that dream has come true! This term，2.Tom and his classmates are living on a ship! They take the same subjects as you do，like maths and English.3.They also learn about the ships and the sea.4.Tom writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship．Tom loves living on the ship.And after a long day of study，he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out.5.Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea. 1．主语＋谓语 2．主语＋谓语＋状语 3．主语＋谓语＋宾语 4．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语＋状语 5．主语＋系动词＋表语 课时测评3　Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures (时间：30分钟　满分：55分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] Ⅰ.写出黑体部分在句中所作成分(每小题1分，共10分) 1．I enjoyed myself in your country.宾语 2．You'd better speak Chinese slowly and clearly.状语 3．You were the first person I met at this school.定语 4．In my opinion, travelling is a very good activity.表语 5．We visited the city museum and some places of interest.宾语 6．I would like to invite you and your family to visit China.谓语 7．The sports meeting will be held next Sunday in our school stadium.状语 8．Many students spend most of their time playing computer games.宾语 9．This is a great way to meet new people who share your interests.定语 10．Taking an active part in kinds of activities will help you to make life more interesting.主语；宾语补足语 Ⅱ.单句写作(每小题3分，共15分) 1．在这场演讲比赛中，这个小男孩似乎很自信。 The little boy seems confident in the speech contest.(SVP) 2．她正期待着她的生日礼物。 She is looking forward to her birthday present．(SVO) 3．当我看见他时，我发现他正在听讲座。(attend) When I saw him, I found him attending a lecture．(SVOC) 4．他总是在课堂上聚精会神地记笔记。 He is always concentrating on making notes in class.(SVOA) 5．他的音乐梦想已经实现了。 His music dream has come true．(SV) [素能提升练] Ⅰ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2026·江苏苏州中学高一上期中) I was the quiet kid.Social interactions felt like a minefield (地雷区).In my final year of high school, a simple yet profound idea struck me: what if I rehearsed (刻意练习) kindness? The next day, I started my 1 ．My first target was a lonely-looking classmate, Mark.I had 2 a compliment (称赞) about his detailed notes.With a deep breath, I walked over and delivered my 3 line.It felt awkward, and my smile was 4 ．Mark looked surprised, then doubtful, offering a quiet “thanks” before turning away.My face burned with 5 ．It seemed my plan had failed. But I 6 ．The next day, I genuinely thanked our bus driver for his punctuality (守时).This time, it felt less like a performance.He beamed, and that smile felt 7 ．Slowly, I shifted focus from my own awkwardness to all the 8 I could make.I started listening, not just waiting for my turn to speak. Weeks later, Mark approached me.“I was having a rough day that time you complimented me，” he confessed (承认).“It felt a bit 9 ， but it also made me realize I wasn't 10 ．Thanks for that.” His honesty was a gift. That conversation was a 11 ．I had been so focused on practicing kindness perfectly that I forgot its true 12 ： connection.It didn't have to be smooth; it just had to be 13 ．My rehearsals had been the training wheels I needed to learn how to 14 ．I'm still introverted (内向的), but now I know that a little awkwardness is a small price to pay for the 15 of a genuine human bridge. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个内向的高中生通过刻意练习善意行为，从最初的尴尬到最终领悟善意真谛的心路历程。 1．A．experiment B．contribution C．account D．tension 答案：A 解析：根据前文“a simple yet profound idea struck me: what if I rehearsed (刻意练习) kindness？”可知，作者决定尝试“刻意练习善意”这一想法，这是一次探索性的行动，“experiment”符合“尝试新行为”的语境。故选A项。 2．A．neglected B．prepared C．shot D．recorded 答案：B 解析：根据后文“With a deep breath, I walked over”可知，作者为这次称赞做了“准备”。故选B项。 3．A．opening B．closing C．regular D．final 答案：A 解析：根据前文“started my ”可知，这是作者第一次尝试练习善意，因此是“开场的”台词。故选A项。 4．A．sincere B．forced C．secure D．anxious 答案：B 解析：根据前文“It felt awkward”可知，作者的微笑并非发自内心，而是“勉强的”。故选B项。 5．A．pride B．excitement C．embarrassment D．satisfaction 答案：C 解析：根据前文“Mark looked surprised, then doubtful, offering a quiet ‘thanks’ before turning away.”可知，作者的称赞未得到积极回应，反而被冷淡对待，因此感到“尴尬”。故选C项。 6．A．gave up B．sped up C．pressed on D．turned back 答案：C 解析：根据后文“The next day, I genuinely thanked our bus driver for his punctuality (守时).”可知，作者没有因第一次失败而停止，而是“坚持”练习。故选C项。 7．A．artificial B．catching C．passive D．professional 答案：B 解析：根据前文“genuinely thanked”和“He beamed”可知，司机的微笑是“有感染力的，令人舒心”。 8．A．reflection B．distance C．difference D．judgement 答案：C 解析：根据前文“He beamed, and that smile felt ．”可知，看到司机的笑容，作者开始关注自己的行为对他人的积极影响，“make a difference”是固定搭配，意为“产生影响”，符合语境。 9．A．natural B．rehearsed C．powerful D．effortless 答案：B 解析：根据前文作者“rehearsed kindness”可知，马克感受到了当时作者的称赞有些“刻意”，与作者最初的行为呼应。 10．A．unseen B．amazing C．confident D．shallow 答案：A 解析：根据前文Mark是“lonely-looking classmate”，作者的称赞让他感到被关注，因此意识到自己没有“被忽视”(unseen)。 11．A．measure B．response C．key D．routine 答案：C 解析：根据后文“I had been so focused on practicing kindness perfectly that I forgot its true ”可知，这次对话让作者意识到自己之前的误区，是理解善意本质的“关键”(key)。 12.A．cost B．nature C．technique D．method 答案：B 解析：根据后文“connection”及后文“It didn't have to be smooth”可知，这是善意的核心“本质”。 13．A．perfect B．secret C．intentional D．fluent 答案：C 解析：根据前文“didn't have to be smooth”可知，作者认为善意不必完美，但必须是“有意的”，强调主动性。 14．A．respond B．respect C．follow D．correct 答案：A 解析：根据前文“With a deep breath, I walked over and delivered my line.”以及“The next day, I genuinely thanked our bus driver for his punctuality (守时).”等行为可知，这些都是与他人互动的“回应”。 15．A．cost B．safety C．reward D．balance 答案：C 解析：根据前文“a small price to pay”可知，这里指“获得”(真正的人际桥梁)的“回报”(reward)，即尴尬是值得的。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2026·河南郑州“八校联盟”高一上期中) The moment my senior high school started, my heart 1._______ (fill) with a mix of nervousness and excitement.All the things around me were new—the classmates, the teachers, the classrooms, and even the sound of the morning bell.I knew I had to get used 2._______this challenging yet promising chapter of my life gradually. My first class was English.The teacher, Miss Xia, greeted us with a warm smile and encouraged us to explore new ways of 3._______ (learn).She brought in a plan 4._______included creative work and group talks.When she asked me to share my thoughts，I got butterflies in my stomach, but her encouragement gave me the confidence to speak up. During the break, I met some classmates.Though we were 5._______ (stranger) at first, their friendly attitudes made me feel welcome.We shared our hobbies 6._______ talked about what our dreams for the future were, and I knew that many of us wanted to do our best. In 7._______ afternoon, we had a tour of the school library and labs.The librarian showed us how 8._______ (borrow) and return books. By the end of the day, my initial (最初的) anxiety had turned into 9._______ (curious).This first day left a deep impression on me.It wasn't just about new textbooks or schedules—it was the beginning of a journey to 10._______ (slow) discover my potential. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者高中生活第一天的经历和感受，包括上英语课、课间与同学交流以及参观学校图书馆和实验室等，展现了从最初的紧张到好奇的心理转变，开启了探索自我潜力的旅程。 1．答案：was filled 解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：高中生活一开始，我的心里就充满了紧张和兴奋。根据“started”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。“my heart”与“fill”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were ＋过去分词”，主语是单数，故填was filled。 2．答案：to 解析：考查固定短语。句意：我知道我必须逐渐适应我生命中这个充满挑战但充满希望的阶段。“get used to...”是固定短语，意为“适应……”，故填to。 3．答案：learning 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：夏老师带着温暖的微笑迎接我们，并鼓励我们探索新的学习方法。“of”是介词，其后接动词-ing形式作宾语，故填learning。 4．答案：that/which 解析：考查定语从句。句意：她提出了一个计划，其中包括创意作品和小组讨论。“ included creative work and group talks”是定语从句，先行词为“a plan”，指物，在从句中作主语，故填that/which。 5．答案：strangers 解析：考查名词复数。句意：虽然一开始我们是陌生人，但他们友好的态度让我感到受欢迎。根据主语“we”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填strangers。 6．答案：and 解析：考查连词。句意：我们分享了我们的爱好，还谈论了我们未来的梦想是什么，我知道我们很多人都想尽自己最大的努力。“shared our hobbies”和“talked about...”是并列关系，故填and。 7．答案：the 解析：考查冠词。句意：下午，我们参观了学校的图书馆和实验室。“in the afternoon”是固定短语，故填the。 8．答案：to borrow 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：图书管理员向我们展示了如何借书和还书。“how to do sth”是“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语，故填to borrow。 9．答案：curiosity 解析：考查词性转换。句意：一天结束时，我最初的焦虑变成了好奇。根据空前的“turned into”可知，此处应填名词作宾语，故填curiosity。 10．答案：slowly 解析：考查词性转换。句意：这不仅仅是关于新的课本或日程安排——这是一个慢慢发现我潜力的旅程的开始。此处修饰动词“discover”，应用副词形式，故填slowly。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $