内容正文:
渐进写作微技能:掌握句子的基本成分(一)
主语、谓语
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要写出完整、正确的句子,前提是掌握句子的成分和结构。
句子有若干个组成部分,分别承担着不同的作用,这些组成部分叫
作句子成分。英语中的句子成分分为:主语(Subject)、谓语(Predicate)、
宾语(Object)、表语(Predicative)、定语(Attribute)、状语(Adverbial)、
补语(Complement)和同位语(Appositive)。
渐进写作微技能
主语——发号施令于句首
主语是谓语所表示动作或状态的执行者。主语一般位于句子开
头,且不能省略。
但在某些特定的句式里,如疑问句、倒装句、祈使句、感叹句等,
句子主语也可以位于谓语动词之后或省略。
[主语与词类的对接]主语——1. 名词(短语) 2.主格代词 3.数词 4.动
名词(短语) 5.动词不定式(短语) 6.从句 7.the+形容词/分词(表示一类)
渐进写作微技能
1.A good friend should be kind and patient.
好朋友应该是善良的和有耐心的。(名词短语作主语)
2.Everyone needs friends.
每个人都需要朋友。(代词作主语)
3.Seven-tenths of the earth surface is covered with water.
地球表面的十分之七被水覆盖。(数词作主语)
4._______________________ improves your mind.
和智者聊天提高你的思想水平。(动名词短语作主语)
Chatting with wise men
渐进写作微技能
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5._______________ is to help yourself.
帮助别人就是在帮助你自己。(不定式短语作主语)
To help others
6._________________________ was moving a lot.
我记得最清楚的是经常搬家。(从句作主语)
What I remembered most
7.__________________________________ in the nursing home.
老年人在养老院能够得到很好的照顾。(the+形容词)
The old can be taken good care of
渐进写作微技能
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谓语——主语言出谓必行
谓语用来描述主语的行为动作、状态或具有的特征,常位于主语
之后。谓语有时态、语态和语气的变化,同时又受到主语人称和数的
制约。
注意:
涉及谓语动词的问题,一定要注意动词的时态和语态,这是谓语动
词的核心问题;其次是主谓一致,句子要遵循主谓一致的原则。
[谓语与词类的对接]谓语——1. 实义动词 2.动词短语 3.“系动词+表
语”结构 4.“助动词/情态动词+实义动词”结构
渐进写作微技能
1.I often imagine what my life would be like in the future.
我常常想象未来我的生活会是什么样子。(实义动词作谓语)
2.I always focus on the positive side of life.
我总是关注生活中积极的一面。(动词短语作谓语)
3.My English teacher was patient.
我的英语老师很有耐心。(“系动词+表语”作谓语)
4.I can fly and I can touch the sky.
我能飞,我能够着天。(“情态动词+实义动词”作谓语)
渐进写作微技能
Ⅰ 根据句意完成下列句子(每小题3分,满分15分)
1.我们可以在学校参加各种各样的课外活动。
We can ___________________________________________ in our
school.
take part in all sorts of after-school activities
2.我现在感觉比今天早上自信多了。
I now _________________________ than I felt this morning.
feel much more confident
3.你在高中的时间和努力将会开启你通往未来的大门。
____________________ at senior high school will open the door
to your future.
Your time and effort
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4.千里之行,始于足下。
____________________________________ with a single step.
A journey of a thousand miles begins
5.设定目标使你更加自信。
_____________ makes you more confident.
Setting goals
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Ⅱ 根据汉语提示完成下面的语篇,并背诵全文(每小题3分,满分15分)
Dear Adam,
1.______________________________________________________
___(我写信想要告诉你一些关于我在新学校的生活的事). At first, I
find it a little difficult to get used to the senior high school life.
The subjects we are learning are obviously more difficult.
Besides, with endless homework to do, we almost have no time
for exercise and other activities. 2._____________________
(我感到压力很大) but I made up my mind to go through all the
difficulties and learn every subject well.
I'm writing to tell you something about my new school
life
I feel greatly stressed
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Fortunately, the teachers and classmates are all helpful and
kind. And I'm glad to make a new friend—Wang Lin, who is
very outgoing and always ready to help others. Although he
helped me with my English study, I still 3.________________
________(没有取得很大进步) in this subject. So I would
appreciate it 4.____________________________________________
(如果你能给我一些有用的建议).
make no great
progress
if you could give me some useful suggestions
渐进写作微技能
How about your school life? 5.___________________________
__________(我盼望着早日收到你的回信).
Yours,
Li Hua
I'm looking forward to your
early reply
渐进写作微技能
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